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irispublishersagriculture · 4 years ago

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Iris Publishers - World Journal of Agriculture and Soil Science (WJASS)

Growth Response of Heterobranchus Longifilis Fingerlings Fed Diets Supplemented with Moringa Oleifera Leaf Meal as Replacement of Soybean Meal

Authored by Ibiyo Lenient MO

Aquaculture is the fastest growing sector of the world‘s animal production with an annual increase of about 10% [1]. To sustain such high rates of increase in production, a matching increase in fish feed production is imperative. Because fish meal is a limited primary source and plants are widely available and reasonably priced, the use of plant protein sources in aqua feeds should be considered [2]. Therefore, in order to attain more economically sustainable, environmentally friendly and viable production, research interest has been directed towards the evaluation and use of non-conventional sources of plant and animal protein. Soybean meal is one of the most nutritious of all plant protein sources because of its high protein content, high digestibility, and relatively well-balanced ami no acid profile [3]. Owing to its reasonable price and steady supply, soybean meal is widely used as a cost-effective feed ingredient for most aquaculture species [4]. It is currently the most commonly used plant protein source in fish feeds [5]. However, soybean meal use in animal feeds competes with human food use, and hence there is a need to identify other protein-rich plant resources that could be used in fish diets. Another potential alternative plant protein source for fish feeds is moringa (Moringa oleifera). This plant is receiving much attention because its leaves, flowers and seeds can all be used as food [6]. Moringa leaf contains crude protein (CP) with about 260g/kg of leaf, of which about 87% is true protein [7]. Essential amino acids found in moringa leaf are methionine, cyste-ine, typtophan and lysine [6]. Analyses of the leaf composition have revealed them to have significant quantities of vitamins A, B and C, calcium, iron and protein. According to Optima of Africa, Ltd., a group that has been working with the tree in Tanzania, “25 grams daily of Moringa Leaf Powder (MLP) will give a child” the following recommended daily allowances: Protein 42%, Calcium 125%, Magnesium 61%, Potassium 41%, Iron 71%, Vitamin A 272%, and Vitamin C 22%. A comparison between the amino acid composition of raw moringa leaf and that of soybean revealed an almost identical pattern of the essential amino acids [8]. There is an abundant total amount of these essential amino acids plenty in the leaf that can be used as animal feed [9]. The objective of this present experiment was to investigate the effect of different levels of dietary moringa leaf meal as a partial replacement of full fat soybean meal in the diet of Heterobranchus longifilis, (giant African catfish) fingerlings on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, hematology and liver histopathology.

Materials and Methods

Preparation of Moringa olifera leaf meal (MLM)

The M. oleifera leaves used in the diets was harvested whole in NIFFR Estate, New Bussa, Niger State and air dried under the shade. The whole leaves harvested were allowed to wilt under the shade overnight after which mere shaking it help the leaflets to drop out of the stalk before final drying. This was to avoid the stalk of the leaves mixing up with the leaflets needed and reduce fibre contribution from the MLM into the diets. The leaflets were milled to powder after they have properly dried which was used for the preparation of the experimental diets (Plate 1).

Experimentation

Three Hundred Heterobranchus longifilis fingerlings were acquired and acclimatized for three weeks before selection and subjection to the experiment. Completely randomized design with three replicate groups was used to study the response of 150 Heterobranchus longifilis fingerlings to diets supplemented with graded levels (0, 5, 10, 15 or 20)% of Moringa leaf meal (MLM) to replace soybean meal in a soybean and fish meal based diet together with other ingredients (Table 1). The 42 days study was carried out in an aerated aquaria using indoor at the fish nutrition laboratory in NIFFR feed mill complex. Diet 1 with a zero supplementation served as control. Chemical analysis such as phytochemicals in leaf considering tannin and phytic acid determination, proximate composition (AOAC, 2000), hematology, histopathology of feed and fish samples were carried out. Digestibility was also assessed. Fish were fed at 5% body weight at commencement of the study in the first 2 weeks but was reduced to 3% body weight when much leftover feeds were observed which could be due to Heterobranchus feed consumption nature which is poor. The daily rations were divided into two installments, supplied morning (8.00 - 9.00 am) and evening (6.00 – 7.00 pm). Siphoning of the bottom of the aquaria was carried out each morning and addition of freshwater to maintain water level before feeding the fish. Fortnight sampling was adopted for feed adjustments, fish observation and total cleaning of the aquaria. Water quality was monitored in the course of the study using easy test kit. Feed cost was calculated based on the prevailing market prices of the ingredients at the period of experimentation. Statistical analysis was carried out on the data obtained at the end of the study.

Discussions

The results of this study indicated that M. olifera leaves possess the potential to partially replace soybean meal in any soybean and fishmeal base diet for giant African catfish (H. longifilis) without adversely affecting growth performance, digestibility and pathology of the fish. This is in agreement with earlier studies on Oreochromis niloticus by Richter et al. [12] and Abo-State et al. [13] who used MLM to replace fishmeal in the diets of the fish and found out that MLM could replace fishmeal up to 10% and 8% respectively in tilapia. Moringa leaf meal (MLM) could be used to reduce pressure on soybean meal. Hardy 2010 noted that soybean is currently the most commonly used plant protein sources in fish feed and there is competition with human use. Using MLM to reduce pressure on soybean will be possible because comparison between the amino acids of MLM and soybean revealed an almost identical pattern of all the essential amino acids [8]. The observation of reduced growth performance, digestibility and poorer FCR at higher inclusion level in this present study is an indication that there is a limit to the extent which MLM could be included in the diet of giant African catfish to avoid negativity in performance. This is similar to what was earlier reported on O. niloticus [12,13]. The poor performance at higher levels might not be unconnected to the antinutritional factors present in the raw moringa leaf. Although the MLM used in this study was air dried before use, the phytochemical analysis revealed that the phytic acids and tannin were still present in the diets though at low levels. The poor performance observed in the groups that fed on diets with higher inclusion levels of MLM might be related to the likely interaction of the antinutritional factors with utilization of other nutrients in the feeds [6]. The poor Hb and PCV levels obtained in the groups that fed on the highest MLM supplementation level might have been due to interactive effect of phytochemicals against the fish natural body functional ability to neutralize or suppress the deleteriousness of certain ingested chemicals. The appreciable digestibility of protein obtain in this study might be due to the drying process the leaf undergo before its use, the equal fishmeal levels and palm oil as a source of lipids in the diets with the fact that it is plant protein portion that was replaced. Palm oil has a natural tendency to neutralize the efficacy of poisonous substances like the one that could result from the antinutritional factors such as the tannins and phytic substances in the MLM. It had also been noted that antinutrients such as tannins and saponins inflicts bitterness in feeds and could results in poor consumption [2] due to reaction of the chemosensory receptors [14]. That might happen at high levels of inclusion which could result to high concentration of those antinutrients and subsequent effective bitterness since the intake in this study did not exhibit such criteria as there was no significant difference in feed intake. Although increased level resulted into poor feed conversion ratio which might not be unconnected to the carnivorous-ominivorous nature of the giant African catfish and tannins interaction with utilization of nutrients in feeds. The effective cost reduction also observed in the formulations with MLM is an indication that it could be used to replace some soybean in the diets of giant African catfish at the optimum level of 5-10% replacement.

In conclusion, MLM could be used to partially replace up to 5 - 10% of the full fat soybean meal in the diet of giant African catfish, Heterobranchus longifilis fingerlings without reduction in the growth performance of the fish. The MLM use will also lead to reduction in cost of fish feed. Using the best performing supplementation level (5%) will result to a cost reduction of 11.5% per cost of 100Kg feed base on the formulations used in this study while the 10% optimum level of supplementation will result to feed cost reduction of 23.2% per cost of 100Kg feed [15]. The cost to benefit ratio obtained in the study encourages the use of 5% level of replacement. There is need to subject moringa leaves to other processing methods for another trial to see if there could be improvement from what was obtained in this present study. There is need to evaluate the response of Clarias species to moringa leaf inclusion in the diet

To read more about this articlehttps: //irispublishers.com/wjass/fulltext/growth-response-of-heterobranchus.ID.000601.php

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#agriculture #journal of agriculture #Agriculture and Soil Science #Inter National Agriculture Science #soil science #Food science

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irispublishersengineeringscience · 4 years ago

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Iris Publishers - Global Journal of Engineering Sciences (GJES)

Exciting Developments in Agriculture and Renewable Energy

Authored by Brian Kirke

Introduction

This review summarizes three developments which could play a crucial role in reducing climate change effects.

The first is in agriculture. Farmer and author Charles Massey states that his book “Call of the Reed Warbler” is about the future survival of Earth and humanity. After decades of farming, following the advice of conventional agronomists and watching the fertility and productivity of his land steadily declining, he came to the view that “modern industrial agriculture and humanity’s ongoing burning of stored fossil fuels is destroying Earth’s life-sustaining systems, poisoning the foods we live on and divorcing us from a natural world we co-evolved with. While consuming more resources than Earth’s systems can replenish, we are hurtling towards multiple calamities.”

Many people would agree with this view, but unlike those who get stuck on the gloom and doom, Massey has studied ways to address the root causes of these impending disasters using new regenerative agriculture and landscape management.

In Zimbabwe, Allan Savory observed that de-stocking country did not halt desertification. Looking for reasons, he reasoned that grasslands evolved with large herds of grazing animals which stayed bunched up for protection from predators, constantly moving on to fresh grazing land, leaving the remaining vegetation trampled flat. This provided ground cover, moderating temperatures and delaying runoff, maximizing infiltration, providing mulch, while the dung and urine provided fertilizer so new vegetation had ideal conditions when the rain came. He tried mimicking this herd behaviour with cattle, grazing small areas intensively for a short period then moving the herd on and allowing plenty of time for the intensively grazed areas to recover. This approach was spectacularly successful. The land recovered remarkably quickly, fertility and productivity increased rapidly, and Savory’s so-called “holistic planned grazing system,” described by Massey as “one of the greatest forward leaps in agriculture since domestication 10,000 years ago,” is now being practiced on over 15 million Hectares of grazing land on five continents.

By maintaining vegetation cover and reducing runoff, droughts and floods are reduced, soil carbon increases while photosynthesis and removal of CO2 from the atmosphere is maximized, thereby combating climate change. Savory quotes studies that claim that if his methods are practiced on half of the world’s grasslands, CO2 levels would return to pre-industrial levels. There are several YouTube videos in which he explains his findings with great clarity, such as https://www.ted.com/talks/ allan_savory_how_to_fight_desertification_and_reverse_climate_ change?language=en#t-577104.

To maintain ground cover while growing grain crops, Wes Jackson in Kansas is working on perennial grain species, and others are experimenting with sowing annuals into pasture.

According to the Wentworth Group of Concerned Scientists, an independent group of Australian scientists, economists and business people with interests in the conservation of Australia’s land, water and marine resources, “A 15% increase in the world’s terrestrial carbon stock would remove the equivalent of all the carbon pollution emitted from fossil fuels since the beginning of the industrial revolution.”

Massey cites examples of the benefits of holistic planned grazing. In one, a property ran 8000 dry sheep equivalents before changing to the new methods, and by 2009, at the end of the “millennium drought,” they were running 20,000 and increasing. Neighboring farmers had destocked and their dams were dry, while his were at least 2/3 full.

Globally the area used for grazing is more than double that for arable and permanent crops. Animals contribute 30% of protein in human diets. Grasslands cover 40% of the planet excluding Antarctica and Greenland.

While Savory’s methods are being adopted on land, another remarkable revolution is occurring in the ocean. In his book “Eat like a Fish,” fisherman turned seaweed farmer Bren Smith describes his journey from fisherman to restorative ocean farmer when depletion of ocean fish stocks destroyed the ocean fishing industry. He found that he could make a good living by farming seaweed and shellfish in 8 Ha of shallow seawater, requiring only a small boat and a series of lines (ropes) with anchors and floats, with no land, fresh water or fertilizer inputs, the nutrients in the water providing all the necessary nutrients, while the seaweed and shellfish absorb the nutrients which contaminate many coastal waters.

Quoting various sources, Smith asserts that “land-based agriculture already uses 70% of the world’s freshwater resources and 90% of world fish stocks are already “maxed out” under the stress of overfishing and climate change …. Besides human food, seaweed can also provide fertilizers, animal feeds, even zero-input biofuels. Seaweeds like kelp grow faster and absorb more CO2 than land plants. Ocean farms equivalent to 5% of US territorial waters could create 50 million direct jobs, and a network of farms the size of Washington State (184,827 km²) could supply enough protein for every person living today, and farming 9% of the world’s oceans could generate enough biofuel to replace all current fossilfuel energy. A non-profit company, GreenWave (https://www. greenwave.org/) has now been set up to train ocean farmers.

While people like Savory, Massey and Smith are pioneering exciting ways to restore the earth’s fertility, combat climate change and feed the earth’s population, exciting developments are also occurring in the field of renewable energy. Articles in the Australian Smart Energy Council’s publication (www.smartennergy.org.au) argue that Australia’s wind and solar resources are so plentiful that the country should aim to generate not just 100% of the country’s domestic energy requirements, but 200% or even 500%, the surplus for export to neighbouring countries, either by subsea power cables like the existing 300 km Basslink cable between Tasmania and the Australian mainland, and/or by generating hydrogen to be shipped in the same way as natural gas is now shipped, or in other more compact forms. The same could be done to supply Europe from North Africa and other industrialised areas from sunny and windy areas. And these proposals, although visionary, are not coming from the lunatic fringe, but from credible scientists and business leaders.

A generation ago we could not have foreseen the exponential growth of the wind industry, nor the drop in the cost of photovoltaics, nor the development of high energy density batteries that will give heavy trucks ranges of 1000 km (https://ultra.news/s-e/36643/ ashok-leyland-bets-israel-based-companys-aluminum-air-batteryelectric- commercial-vehicles/), and enable the development of emission-free electric aircraft https://www.telegraph.co.uk/ technology/2019/06/21/worlds-first-electric-plane-can-travel- 650-miles-battery-power/? And who can say what we might see in another generation?

To read more about this article: https://irispublishers.com/gjes/fulltext/exciting-developments-in-agriculture.ID.000607.php

Indexing List of Iris Publishers: https://medium.com/@irispublishers/what-is-the-indexing-list-of-iris-publishers-4ace353e4eee

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#Mechanical Engineering #electrical engineering #chemical engineering #material science

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peruvianfood21-blog · 5 years ago

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Top 10 Peruvian food

Peruvian food is a cooking of contrary energies: hot and cold on a similar plate. Acidic tastes merging with the bland. Vigorous and fragile simultaneously. This parity happens in light of the fact that customary Peruvian food depends on flavors and intense flavors, extending from the fresh and clean to the overwhelming and profound. Each flavor counters or restrains the other. While numerous individuals consider Peru to be a place that is known for cloud-bested mountains and remnants of antiquated civic establishments, Peru's actual fortune is its rich culinary legacy. Fixings and cooking methods from Africa, Europe, and East Asia meet up in an awesome melange that is absolutely exceptional the world over. Yet, what sort of food do Peruvians eat?

So how about we investigate some ordinary things to eat in Peru. These are the main 10 Peruvian food dishes you completely should attempt.

CEVICHE

The national dish and one of the most well known nourishments in Peru, ceviche can cause moment fixation. Different countries (Mexico, Ecuador) have their own minor departure from the dish, however this cooked fish served cold generally incorporates ocean bass (corvina) marinated for a couple of moments in lime juice, onion, salt, and hot chilies (aji) is deeply peruvian.

To adjust the fiery protein, ceviche regularly incorporates a side of boring bubbled corn (choclo) and yams (camote). For extra surface, dry broiled corn portions (cancha) are spread around to include a tasty crunchiness.

#peruvianfood #perufood #good food #foodpics

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a-dinosaur-a-day · 6 years ago

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Anas

Mallard by Richard Bartz, CC BY-SA 2.5

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Name: Anas

Status: Extant

First Described: 1758

Described By: Linnaeus

Classification: Dinosauria, Saurischia, Eusaurischia, Theropoda, Neotheropoda, Averostra, Tetanurae, Orionides, Avetheropoda, Coelurosauria, Tyrannoraptora, Maniraptoriformes, Maniraptora, Pennaraptora, Paraves, Eumaniraptora, Averaptora, Avialae, Euavialae, Avebrevicauda, Pygostylia, Ornithothoraces, Euornithes, Ornithuromorpha, Ornithurae, Neornithes, Neognathae, Galloanserae, Anseriformes, Anseres, Anatoidea, Anatidae, Anatinae, Anatini

Mallard by Meig Dickson (me!)

Referred Species: A. sparsa (African Black Duck, Extant), A. undulata (Yellow-Billed Duck, Extant), A. melleri (Meller’s Duck), A. superciliosa (Pacific Black Duck, Extant), A. laysanensis (Laysan Duck, Extant), A. wyvilliana (Hawai’ian Duck, Extant), A. luzonica (Philippine Duck, Extant), A. poecilorhyncha (Indian Spot-Billed Duck, Extant), A. zonorhyncha (Eastern Spot-Billed Duck, Extant), A. platyrhynchos (Mallard, Extant), A. fulvigula (Mottled Duck, Extant), A. rubripes (American Black Duck, Extant), A. diazi (Mexican Duck, Extant), A. capensis (Cape Teal, Extant), A. bahamensis (White-Cheeked Pintail, Extant), A. erythrorhyncha (Red-Billed Teal, Extant), A. georgica (Yellow-Billed Pintail, Extant), A. eatoni (Eaton’s Pintail, Extant), A. acuta (Northern Pintail, Extant), A. crecca (Eurasian Teal, Extant), A. carolinensis (Green-Winged Teal, Extant), A. flavirostris (Yellow-Billed Teal, Extant), A. andium (Andean Teal, Extant), A. gibberifrons (Sundra Teal, Extant), A. albogularis (Andaman Teal, Extant), A. gracilis (Grey Teal, Extant), A. castanea (Chestnut Teal, Extant), A. bernieri (Bernier’s Teal, Extant), A. chlorotis (Brown Teal, Extant), A. aucklandica (Auckland Teal, Extant), A. nesiotis (Campbell Teal, Extant), A. theodori (Mascarene Teal, Extinct), A. greeni (Extinct), A. ogallalae (Extinct), A. pullulans (Extinct), A. cheuen (Extinct), A. bunkeri (Extinct), A. pachyscelus (Bermuda Islands Flightless Duck, Extinct), A. schneideri (Extinct), A. elapsum (Extinct), A. gracilipes (Extinct), A. moldovica (Extinct), A. sansaniensis (Extinct), A. strenuum (Extinct), A. itchtucknee (Extinct), A. kisatibiensis (Extinct), A. kurochkini (Extinct), A. lambrechti (Extinct)

Green-Winged Teal by Dick Daniels, CC BY-SA 3.0

Here we are - our last duck, the biggest genus of ducks, the most iconic ducks. The genus Anas. This genus includes pintails, most teals, the mallard, and its close relatives, all fairly standard dabbling ducks. There are 31 living species in this genus, and many more extinct ones besides. The oldest record of this genus occurs in the late Miocene of China, around 12 million years ago, in the Tortonian of the Miocene of the Neogene. As such, it probably originated sometime shortly before then, and probably also in East Asia. Anas rapidly diversified afterwards, reaching Hungary and the United States still within the Miocene, and being fairly widespread worldwide by the Pleistocene, when fossils of this genus increase extensively.

A. pachyscelus by José Carlos Cortés on @quetzalcuetzpalin

Two extinct species in this genus are especially notable. A. pachyscelus, the Bermuda Islands Flightless Duck, from the H. Bernard Wilkinson Quarry of Bermuda in North America, living about 126,000 to 12,000 years ago, in the Tarantian age of the Pleistocene of the Quaternary. A recent duck, it is thus notable due to its weird ecology - like many insular dinosaurs, it lost its ability to fly, and was significantly larger than other species in the genus. It had smaller wings compared to its body than other species in this genus, supporting the idea it was flightless, and was probably more sedentary than other members of Anas, too. It had heavy legs to help it with swimming and walking as well, and probably lived along saltwater lakes. The Mascarene Teal, A. theodori, is another extinct species, known from the islands of Mauritius and Réunion. It was a small teal, due to its island habitat, and it was probably fairly similar to the living Bernier’s Teal of Madagascar. This species of duck probably went extinct primarily to overhunting by humans.

African Black Duck by Dick Daniels, CC BY-SA 3.0

The African Black Duck, A. sparsa, is a nonthreatened duck that’s very close to the Mallard but is distinctive from the Mallard due to its different plumage and behavior. Known primarily from Sub-Saharan Africa, especially from South Africa to Ethiopia and east to Nigeria and Cameroon, it isa . black duck with white stripes and green spots on its wings. They are very shy and territorial ducks in small flocks and pairs, breeding throughout the year with clutches of up to 8 eggs and only the mother taking care of the young. They live primarily in rivers and streams, building their nests out of driftwood and matted grass, and feeding off of larvae and pupae and some plant material.

Yellow-Billed Duck by Thurner Hof, CC BY-SA 3.0

The Yellow-Billed Duck, A. undulata, is a medium-sized dabbling duck, not threatened with extinction, and known primarily from southern and eastern Africa. They don’t migrate, but do wander during the dry season in order to find water. They are also very social birds, forming huge flocks when it’s not the breeding season. They are mainly grey, with dark heads and bright yellow bills. They primarily live in freshwater habitats in open country and dabble on plants during the night time. They nest in dense ground vegetation, laying up to 12 eggs at a time.

Meller’s Duck by Safero, CC BY-SA 3.0

Meller’s Duck, A. melleri, is an endangered species of duck primarily from the western half of Madagascar, mainly along the coast. They are similar to Female Mallards, but both sexes are fairly alike, with brown mottled body plumage and distinctive green patches on their wings. They breed during most of the year, and are very territorial birds, especially during the breeding season. The pairs stay together during this time, as well, to protect the young. Average size ducks, they are endangered due to habitat destruction, as they primarily live in wetland areas, but there are conservation efforts ongoing.

Pacific Black Duck by SuperJew, CC BY-SA 4.0

The Pacific Black Duck, A. superciliosa, is a non-threatened species of duck found across Indonesia, New Guinea, Australia, New Zealand, and other southern Pacific islands. They are oftentimes also called Grey Ducks due to their primarily grey plumage across their bodies. Very social ducks, they live in many wetland environments and nest fairly similar to mallards. They have blue-greenish patches on their wings, and dark bodies in general. They up-end for food, much like other members of this genus, but unfortunately have seen a sharp decline in population in recent years.

Laysan Duck by Jimmy Breeden, in the Public Domain

The Laysan Duck, A. laysanensis, is a critically endangered duck from the Hawai’ian islands. They used to live throughout the archipelago, but today are only known from Laysan Island, thanks from hunting by humans and introduced predators and competitors. Domestic rabbits were a huge problem for these ducks, and it took the destruction of an introduced population of these mammals for the ducks to begin to recover on Laysan Island. Today, there seem to be at least over 500 ducks, and other smaller populations are currently being introduced in other locations. Threats remain to this duck, but overall their future looks fairly bright due to their extensive persistence up to this point. Recovery plans are ongoing as well. They are bad flyers, but they walk and run fairly well for ducks, and employ standing-still methods when especially threatened. They feed by dabbling and upending, eating primarily vegetation and some invertebrates. They will feed mainly in shallow lakes and along the shore. Pairs will bond in the fall and build nests in the spring, and lay about four eggs per clutch. They are dark brown, with white patches around their eyes.

Hawai’ian Duck by Koloa, in the Public Domain

The Hawai’ian Duck, A. wyvilliana, also known as the Koloa, is a duck known primarily from the large islands of Hawai’i. They are similar in color in both males and females, and do not migrate, unlike their close relative the Mallard. Currently endangered, they are primarily threatened due to introduced predators and competitors on the islands, though hybridizing with mallards has also lead to extreme reduction in their populations - they produce fairly fertile offspring with the much more common ducks. Conservation efforts are ongoing, especially in giving suitable habitat during colder winter months, though it’s difficult to distinguish hybrids from non-hybrid ducks. They are found in low wetlands, river valleys, and streams near mountains, and they have a current population of around two thousand birds. They are very wary birds, found usually in pairs rather than large groups, and are secretive as well. They are opportunistic feeders, eating basically whatever they can find based on the season.

Philippine Duck by Duncan Wright, CC BY 2.5

The Philippine Duck, A. luzonica, is a very large dabbling duck known from the Philippines, and is called in that area the Papan. They have brownish feathers, though not mottled, and red and black striped heads, as well as bright green feathers on their wings. They eat primarily fish and insects in wetlands, and are currently vulnerable to extinction.

Indian Spot-Billed Duck by Davidvraju, CC BY-SA 4.0

The Indian Spot-Billed Duck, A. poecilorhyncha, is a non-threatened visually distinctive species in this genus, due to a small red patch right above the bill, and distinct yellow ends to the bills as well. They also have white spotting in addition to the green spotting in their wings. They are the same size as the mallard, and the females are only somewhat duller than the males. They live throughout Pakistan and India in freshwater wetlands, avoiding open water and preferring locations with extensive vegetation cover. They nest in hidden vegetation, sometimes on tree branches, and the young hatch usually within a month. They make calls similar to mallards as well. They usually form small groups or pairs to feed, and isolate themselves from other ducks.

Eastern spot-billed Duck by Alpsdake, CC BY-SA 3.0

The Eastern Spot-Billed Duck, A. zonorhyncha, is a non-threatened sort of duck from China and southeast Asia, and is closely related to the Indian Spot-Billed Duck, but formally separated out as a different species. Still, they also have bright yellow tips to the ends of their beaks. They are the same size as a mallard and mainly grey on their bodies, and haver blue flashy feathers on their wings rather than green. They winter in Southeast Asia and then migrate up to China, though their ranges have expanded thanks to global warming. They live primarily in lakes and marshes, and nest on the grounds near the water.

Mallard by Rror, CC BY-SA 3.0

The Mallard, A. platyrhynchos, is the most famous species of duck, and arguably “the” duck - as in, when people talk about ducks, they probably mean the Mallard. This is due to a variety of reasons - it’s widespread range, extreme population numbers, distinctive male coloration, and domestication by humans all have contributed to its famed status amongst the waterfowl. They live throughout the Northern Hemisphere naturally, though of course it has been introduced in other locations as well. They are medium-sized birds, weighing up to 1.58 kilograms, and the males are fairly unmistakable, with bright green heads, brown bodies, and blue spots on their wings. The females also have blue feathers on their wings, though they are more mottled brown in coloration - and are often confuseable with other birds, especially ones in this very article. These ducks do migrate, depending on where their wintering range is, though some remain in place if they happen to live in a more middle-of-the-road location. Given that these ducks live in the north, sometimes for most of the year, they show two very noticeable features of northern animals - both larger body size than its warmer-climate counterparts, and fewer blood vessels in the extremities (in this case, the bill), making the Mallard an important comparison organism to study adaptations to cold climates in non-Mammalian animals.

Mallard Duckling by Nunnsofunky, CC BY 3.0

Mallards are omnivorous birds, feeding on a variety of food depending on opportunity, including many types of invertebrates and plants, though plants are usually a huge part of their diet during the colder months. They form mated pairs until the females lay eggs at the start of the spring, when the male leaves her to tend of the nest. Usually they lay up to 13 eggs, which are incubated for around a month. the young imprint on their mother, following her around for warmth and protection as well as to learn the ropes of life as a duck. These ducks do show rather unfortunate copulation behaviors, including rape-flights, attempted-rape flights, and even homosexual necrophilia. Though hunted extensively, especially by humans, its population remains on the rise - and even is erasing other duck species through hybridization - so it’s considered a species not threatened with extinction. They also are invading South African populations and decreasing the biodiversity there, due to their adaptiveness, human introduction, and generally non-picky diet. These birds live in a variety of freshwater and saltwater habitats, and congregate in large, noisy flocks; though they sometimes also live in smaller groups.

Domestic Mallards by Johnny Jet, CC BY 2.0

The Mallard is one of two ducks domesticated by humans, the other being the Muscovy Duck. Many breeds of Mallard have been generated, raised for meat, eggs, and down, as well as in some cases companionship. Farmed for thousands of years, they are not as aggressive as mallards and not as territorial, making them fairly safe birds for humans to care for. They are kept in free range as well as in pens, and don’t require swimming water to survive, though of course that makes them happier. Most domestic ducks one would encounter are fairly white in color, though there are of course a variety of breeds and color variations. This absence of darker patches is also seen in ducklings, which lack the black stripes of wild Mallard ducklings. They enjoy living as pets with access to water, where they dabble and eat wildlife. They are unreliable egg producers, not very good at rearing their young in captivity, or even sitting on the eggs - usually incubators are used instead. They are mainly fed grain and insects, and should never be fed bread or other food products that can rot due to water - such things are only given as treats in completely dry environments.

Mottled Duck by Dick Daniels, CC BY-SA 3.0

The Mottled Duck, A. fulvigula, is a non-threatened duck seemingly intermediate between female Mallards and Black Ducks, which its closely related to. They live around the Gulf of Mexico, but also go as far south as Veracruz, though they are very frequent ducks around the former. They have darker plumage than female mallards, but lighter than American Black Ducks. They feed by dabbling in shallow water, but they also graze on plants on the land, and build their nests amongst vegetation such as grasses. These ducks, unlike many, do not migrate.

American Black Duck, by the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service, in the Public Domain

The American Black Duck, A. rubripes, is a non-threatened common species of duck primarily from North America.These ducks spend the winters in Canada and breed in the United States, with the overlap of the northernmost part of the United States being a year-round habitat. As such, it is closely associated with the Mallard and does hybridize with it, because species are a construct. Distinct from Mallards in terms of plumage, they are more black and greyish in color, though sometimes they have yellow beaks. They also have blue wing feather patches. They are some of the heaviest members of this genus of birds, with the highest average mass of any species in Anas. They live in a wide variety of habitats, including tidal marshes and salt marshes, as well as beaver ponds, shallow lakes, forests, and swamps. They take shelter by moving to conservation lands, as well. They feed on a wide variety of food by dabbling and grazing, including wetland grasses, aquatic plants, and small animals, though they eat more invertebrates during the nesting season. They breed in fairly alkaline marshes, bogs, ponds, and rivers, and they do migrate across their range to reach suitable nesting environments. They nest in concealed areas, with both males and females watching over the nests. They seem to be doing well in terms of conservation, they are strained by the success of the mallard, and conservation efforts are present for this species.

Mexican Duck by Gary L. Clark, CC BY-SA 4.0

The Mexican Duck, A. diazi, is a dabbling duck from Mexico and the southern United States. They live mainly in wetlands, especially ponds and rivers, where it dabbles primarily for plant food. Though similar in appearance to the mallard, the males do not have the distinctive mallard plumage and, furthermore, they are fairly genetically distinct. Instead, these seem to be a radiation from the mallard, distinct due to geographic boundaries. They are showing a small decline in population due to habitat destruction and under hunting.

Cape Teal by Steve Garvie, CC BY-SA 2.0

The Cape Teal, A. capensis, is a non-threatened dabbling duck from the open wetlands of southern Africa. They do not migrate, like other African ducks, though they do follow the rains opportunistically. They look similar across both sexes, with greish bodies, pink bills, and green patches on the wings. They are rarely seen in large flocks except during the moulting season, and are fairly quiet as well. They feed primarily on aquatic plants and small invertebrates by dabbling, and nest under vegetation near sources of water.

White-Cheeked pintail by Luis Miguel Bugallo Sánchez, CC BY-SA 3.0

The White-Cheeked Pintail, A. bahamensis, is a non-threatened species, primarily from the Caribbean and South America, as well as the Galápagos. They enjoy living in somewhat salty waters such as lakes, mangroves, and estuaries near the shore. They are similar across both sexes, with mainly brown plumage and bright red bills, along with white patches on their faces - leading to their name! They mainly feed on aquatic plants and some small animals through dabbling behavior.

Red-Billed Teal by Dick Daniels, CC BY-SA 3.0

The Red-Billed Teal, A. erythrorhyncha, is a dabbling duck from southern and eastern Africa, and as such does not migrate. They have black and white mottled plumage, with bright red bills. They are fairly quiet ducks, primarily inhabiting open freshwater areas where it dabbls for plants, and nests in dense vegetation near their water habitats.

Yellow-Billed Pintail by Ken Billington, CC BY-SA 3.0

The Yellow-Billed Pintail, A. georgica, is a non-threatened species with brown bodies mottled with black feathers, and yellow bills with black stripes. They do not form large groups and are more solitary than other ducks, living across most of South America and southern islands. They live mainly in highly elevated areas near lakes and marshes, though they are sometimes found in lower elevation areas. They form nests on the ground with grass and down, hidden by vegetation, and lay up to 10 eggs in a clutch.

Eaton’s Pintail by N. Hanuise, CC BY-SA 2.5

Eaton’s Pintail, A. eatoni, is a duck vulnerable to extinction, known from the Kerguelen and Crozet islands in the Indian Ocean. It resembles the Northern Pintail a little bit, but appears to be a different species. They are very much threatened by introduced species, especially feral cats, and very little conservation efforts are ongoing at this time.

Northern Pintail by Bert de Tilly, CC BY-SA 4.0

The Northern Pintail, A. acuta, is a non-threatened species of duck from across the world, found breeding in the northernmost parts of North America and Eurasia, and wintering in southern Europe, central America, the southern parts of Asia, and even northern Africa along major waterways. It is a fairly large duck, found on open wetlands in its ranges, and weighing up to 1.36 kilograms. The males and females both are fairly white during the winter, given that they are found in very northern areas, though mottled brown plumage is found on the outsides of their bodies. They walk fairly well for ducks, and swim excellently, and also fly quite quickly, making them decent at getting away. They enjoy mainly open, non-wooded wetlands such as wet grasslands and the tundra. They breed from April to June and the clutch incubates for about a month, though only half reach reproducing age. They feed by dabbling and upending in shallow water for plant food, using their long necks to reach food that Mallards cannot. With their large range, they are doing mostly well, but there is a population decline at hand, especially due to avian diseases and human hunting.

Eurasian Teal by Isaka Yoji, CC BY-SA 2.1

The Eurasian Teal, otherwise known as the Common Teal, A. crecca, is a widespread duck from the Eastern Hemisphere. They breed in northern Eurasia, especially across Siberia, and migrate down to various warm and wet places in southern Eurasia and northern Africa for the winter. They do have year-round ranges as well, especially within Europe. The Eurasian Teal is the smallest living dabbling duck, weighing only about 0.34 kilograms in males. The males have distinctive grey plumage, with brown heads and green patches on their heads. The females are primarily brown, though they do have green patches on the wings as well. The males do look more like the females outside the breeding season. They are very noisy ducks, making whistling and quacking calls essentially constantly. They are very social ducks as well, forming extensive flocks living together in sheltered freshwater wetlands with tall vegetation, though they move to saltier environments during the winter. They feed through dabbling, upending, and grazing, mainly on invertebrates and more plants in the winter. They nest near the water and in covered areas, laying clutches usually of around 10 eggs, which are watched by both parents.

Green-Winged Teal by Alan D. Wilson, CC BY-SA 2.5

The Green-Winged Teal, A. carolinensis, is a common and well-known North American species of duck. It nests in Canada and spends the winters in the southern United States and Mexico, though this duck can be found year- round along the coasts of the United States. The females are light brown and similar to Mallards in terms of plumage, while the males are grey and brown, with brown heads and distinctive green stripes on their heads and wings. They are very migratory birds, and the smallest dabbling ducks known in North America. They mainly eat food on mud flats, unlike almost every other species of ducks, but will feed in marshes and flooded agricultural areas where mud flats are lacking. They primarily eat vegetations such as seeds, stems, and leaves, including pondweeds. They live mainly in inland lakes, marshes, ponds, and shallow streams, though they prefer more shallow locations during the breeding season. They make nests out of depressions on dry ground near the bases of shrubs. The Green-Wing Teal do winter in both freshwater and somewhat salty areas. Being strongly migratory birds, they are some of the earliest to begin moving in the spring, reaching their nesting grounds as soon as the snow melts.

Yellow-Billed Teal by Duncan Wright, CC BY-SA 3.0

The Yellow-Billed Teal, A. flavirostris, is a non-threatened species from Argentina, the Falkland Islands, Chile, Peru, Bolivia, Uruguay, and Brazil. It lives primarily in wetland environments, rather than rivers, and have a unique courtship behavior compared to other members of its genus: after copulation is over, the males will stretch high and swim around with the females.

Andean Teal by Gary L. Clark, CC BY-SA 4.0

The Andean Teal, A. andium, is a non-threatened duck from the Andean highlands of Colombia, Venezuela, and Ecuador. It lives primarily near wetlands, rather than rivers, and is dark brown with black patches on its wings, and has a dark grey bill. They seem to be closely related to the Yellow-Billed Teal.

Sunda Teal by Mat & Cathy Gilfedder, CC BY-SA 3.0

The Sunda Teal, A. gibberifrons, is a near-threatened dabbling duck from Indonesia. They are brown and mottled ducks, with green flashes on wings visible during flight. They are usually very similar looking regardless of sex. They live primarily in freshwater lakes and marshes, and will nest near these habitats, or in tree holes and rabbit burrows. They are quite vocal at night, rather than during the day.

Andaman Teal by John Gerrard Keulemans, in the Public Domain

The Andaman Teal, A. albogularis, is a vulnerable species of duck known entirely from the Andaman archipelago in the Bay of Bengal. A brown duck, with greenish patches on the wings, there are only about 600 birds present in their islands, though that population may have increased into the thousands in recent years. They feed mainly in rice fields, making nests of grass, and eat primarily molluscs and arthropods.

Grey Teal by J. J. Harrison, CC BY-SA 3.0

The Grey Teal, A. gracilis, is a non threatened duck from open wetlands in Australia and New Zealand. They are brown with white and green bits on the wings, with both the males and females looking essentially the same, though the juveniles are in general more pale. They enjoy freshwater lakes and marshes, and will nest on the ground or in holes and burrows near these wet areas. They are very vocal at night, and live in very large social groups.

Chestnut Teal by Fir0002, GFDL 1.2

The Chestnut Teal, A. castanea, is a non threatened species from Australia, especially in southern Victoria and in Tasmania, though they are sometimes found more northward. They live in coastal estuaries and wetlands and are omnivorous in their feeding habits. They have brown bodies, while the males have distinctively green heads. The females also make really loud laughing quacks. They form monogamous pairs that look after and defend the young together, which are usually nested near the water.

Bernier’s Teal by BS Thurner Hof, CC BY-SA 3.0

Bernier’s Teal, A. bernieri, is an endangered species known only from along the Western coast of Madagascar. They are small ducks, weighing only up to 0.4 kilograms, and they are mainly light brown or greyish, with slightly red bills. They live mainly in mangrove forests and rarely leave, spending their times in shallow ponds and lakes that are somewhat salty. They actually used to be more widespread on the island, prior to human interference. They feed during most of the day, wading at the edge of the water and filtering for invertebrates and plants. They make nests near water in mangrove trees, as well as nest boxes, which are covered with wood shaving and down feathers. The clusts usually have up to 9 eggs, and only the female incubates the eggs. on the verge of extinction thanks to habitat destruction and hunting, there are many captive breeding programs to help bump up populations.

Brown Teal by Sabine’s Sunbird, CC BY-SA 3.0

The Brown Teal, A. chlorotis, is an endangered species known primarily from New Zealand. In Māori, it is known as the Pāteke. Their numbers fell due to heavy harvesting for food by European colonizers, and they became protected in the early 1900s. A primarily brown bird, they are mainly nocturnal to allow for hiding from predators. They dabble and upend to feed mainly on aquatic invertebrates such as crustaceans, insects, and molluscs. They make nests of dry grass near water, and lay clutches of up to 8 eggs. The males wills tay around to help guard the territory from other ducks. There are fewer than 1000 birds left, thanks to introduced predators, but conservation efforts are ongoing.

Auckland Teal by John Gerrard Keulemans, in the Public Domain

The Aukland Teal, A. aucklandica, is a dabbling duck native to the Auckland Islands near New Zealand. Vulnerable to extinction, it is reduced in its rage compared to its native populations, only found on those islands without introduced predators such as Adams Island, Enderby Island, and Disappointment Island. Fairly nocturnal ducks, they use their night-time lifestyle to hide from predators. Small birds, they are brown all over, with only some hints of green, and the females are darker than the males. They actually can’t fly, either, and they live in fields, shrublands, and coastal waters, and tend to feed mainly on small animals. They are territorial ducks, and rarely form flocks.

Campbell Teal by Stomac, in the Public Domain

And finally, our last species is the Campbell Teal, A. nesiotis, an endangered flightless species from the Campbell Island of New Zealand. A brown duck with green heads, it is very similar to the Brown Teal, and they may even constitute a single species. It was driven to extinction on its home island due to the introduction of rats. It was only rediscovered on Dent Island with a small population that could have been driven to extinction very easily; some individuals were captured and then taken into captivity for breeding purposes. Captive breeding has been difficult, with many techniques being used; by 2011, however, the breeding programs plus the removal of rats from Campbell island has lead to the successful reintroduction of the Campbell Teal to its native island.

Buy the author a coffee: http://ko-fi.com/kulindadromeus

Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anas

Wetmore, A. 1960. Pleistocene birds in Bermuda. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 140 (2): 1 - 11.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bermuda_flightless_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mascarene_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/African_black_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow-billed_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meller%27s_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_black_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laysan_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philippine_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indian_spot-billed_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eastern_spot-billed_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mallard

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domestic_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mottled_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_black_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_duck

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cape_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-cheeked_pintail

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red-billed_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow-billed_pintail

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eaton%27s_pintail

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_pintail

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasian_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green-winged_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow-billed_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andean_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunda_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andaman_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grey_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chestnut_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bernier%27s_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brown_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auckland_teal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campbell_teal

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trustedhealthreports-blog · 6 years ago

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Gluco Neuro – Does it Really Work? First Read Review, Benefits, fixings!

Gluco Neuro most of the all inclusive community around the world after 35 years of age got a handle on worn and concentrated on, Peeing even more consistently, have clouded vision, feel increasingly dry and have dry mouth, experience the evil impacts of yearnings for sustenance, joint torments, etc. All these are the indications of being diabetic. You need to make a smart walk before your body stops to coordinate your glucose level. Solicitation now, A clinically took a stab at, convincing and astonishing formula Gluco Neuro that fills in as a glucose controller in your body. We ought to look at each and everything about Gluco neuro in unobtrusive components.

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How Gluco Neuro Improve your Blood Sugar Level?

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Gluco Neuro – The examinations exhibit that more than 370 million people the world over have diabetes. Exactly when our body fails to keep up the blood glucose level it happens. Exactly when the pancreas stops conveying insulin or your body cells end up resistive to the insulin that the pancreas fails to keep them. The glucose starts assembling in the flow framework instead of moving into the telephones.

A substantial bit of the all inclusive community experience the evil impacts of prediabetes and nerve issue after the age of 45 years or more. The clashing glucose level respects various prosperity issue, for instance, Sevier Joint and solid desolation, minute weight gain, nerve issues, and issue in blood course, etc. You will find inconvenience being developed, long travel, feel unsteady, increase sustenance cutting, feeling increasingly dry, feel fits and deadness in hands and feet, suffer minute weight increment, overpowering and tired legs, neuropathy nerve hurt, poor leg scattering, varicose veins, significant vein thrombosis, dreadful little creature veins, blood clusters, swelling, vascular issue, etc. If you are encountering conflicting glucose and genuine nerve issue, we have the perfect solution for your flourishing. We gave you the most remarkable and feasible condition which is Gluco Neuro.

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The Gymnema Sylvestre help to assemble the insulin level in our body. The more insulin infers you will have less sugar in your blood. It is similarly valuable to improve cholesterol and triglyceride levels and keep us from a heart attack. It decreases blood fat and irritation as it contains tannin and saponin.

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marketing123456789 · 2 years ago

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Pet Food Processing Market Outlook by Industry Growth, Future Trends, Analysis by Type, Application and Business Opportunities to 2032

The estimated value of the worldwide pet food processing market is anticipated to be USD 5.0 billion in 2022 and USD 8.4 billion by 2032, representing a CAGR of 5.3% over the forecast period of 2022–2032

The pet food processing market is predicted to grow as demand for pet food rises due to the recent trend of pet parenting. Growing pet food processing research and development, as well as technical improvements, are predicted to produce amazing outcomes in terms of new products that will appeal to customers and propel the pet food processing market to new heights.

For the years 2019-2020, the pet dog and cat population has grown at a considerable rate of 3.5 percent. This indicates that more and more people are getting into pet ownership, and the demand for chemical-free, high-nutrition, high-quality food has grown. This is likely to help the burgeoning pet food processing industry.

To Get Sample Report@ https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/sample/rep-gb-11259

Key Takeaways from Market Study

Companies are more likely to explore sustainable pet food processing methods. Companies can also fulfill their CSR obligations by moving to sustainability

US pet food processing market is projected to grow at a CAGR of around 5.8% over the next ten years.

An alternative source of protein could boost profits for businesses while also improving the quality of pet food. With technological advancements, companies are using algae, yeast and insects to make superior quality high protein pet food.

India’s pet food industry is anticipated to be valued at 25 billion INR, with around 29 million pets. As a result, it is a valuable market location for businesses.

Rising pet humanizing trend and growing demand in Europe, the pet food processing market is expected to flourish in this region.

“ The pet food processing market is expected to have significant growth due to the trends and factors like use of animal-free pet food, Natural preservative demand, variety of ingredients, increase in pet keeping and pet humanization trend,” says a lead analyst at Future Market Insights.

Competitive landscape:

Pet food processing companies are more inclined towards research and development to enhance the quality of their products. Manufacturers are using advanced technologies and methods to get superior pet food that is cost-effective and sustainable.

Bond pet inc. use methods that can make their high-protein pet food products animal-free. Crickets are an excellent source of protein in pet food that is both cost-effective and beneficial to animals.

Bergen and Biomega Group use fish by-products from salmon processing units to make pet food of supreme quality. These are used to increase the protein and fatty acid content of pet food, which is quite preferred among pet owners.

Market Segments Covered In Pet Food Processing Market Analysis

By Product Type:

Mixing & Blending Equipment

Forming Equipment

Baking & Drying Equipment

Cooling Equipment

Others

By Form:

Dry Food

Wet Food

By Application:

Dog food

Cat food

Fish food

By Regions:

North America

Latin America

Europe

East Asia

South Asia

Oceania

Middle East & Africa

View Complete Report@ https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/pet-food-processing-market

About Future Market Insights (FMI)

Future Market Insights, Inc. is an ESOMAR-certified business consulting & market research firm, a member of the Greater New York Chamber of Commerce and is headquartered in Delaware, USA. A recipient of Clutch Leaders Award 2022 on account of high client score (4.9/5), we have been collaborating with global enterprises in their business transformation journey and helping them deliver on their business ambitions. 80% of the largest Forbes 1000 enterprises are our clients. We serve global clients across all leading & niche market segments across all major industries.

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sagarg889 · 2 years ago

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Fish Feed Pellet Making Machine Market Outlook, Current and Future Landscape Analysis 2023 to 2033

The global fish feed pellet making machines market is expected to reach US$ 2,167.9 million in 2033, growing at a 5.6% CAGR between 2023 and 2033. The market is expected to reach $1,257.2 million by 2023.

According to FMI, increased exports of fish and other seafood products from various countries around the world are expected to drive market sales. International companies are expected to enter emerging economies in order to capture the overall industry.

Furthermore, rising awareness of the importance of sustainability as well as animal welfare is expected to boost sales of organic farming. As a result, fish farmers use organic farming methods to provide chemical-free and genetically modified products.

The growing consumer preference for organic foods is expected to compel key manufacturers to increase their organic feed production capacity. Other factors that would accelerate market sales include changing eating habits and lifestyles of consumers in both developed and developing countries.

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Key Takeaways from the Fish Feed Pellet Making Machine Market Study:

Top 3 countries in the global fish feed pellet making machine market are projected to generate a share of 8% in the next ten years.

The global fish feed pellet making machine market is estimated to be valued at US$ 1,190.5 million by the end of 2022 from a valuation of US$ 1,006.0 million in 2018.

The USA fish feed pellet making machine market is anticipated to generate the lion’s share of nearly 8% by 2033.

Germany fish feed pellet making machine market is predicted to account for a considerable share of about 3% in Europe during the estimated time frame.

In Asia Pacific, India is likely to witness moderate growth and exhibit a CAGR of 3% from 2023 to 2033.

“Key companies in the fish feed pellet making machine market are anticipated to invest huge sums in the manufacturing of dry pelleted fish feed. This type of feed is projected to be extensively used for improving digestibility and balance of nutrients for matching specific needs of various fish species,” says a lead analyst at Future Market Insights.

Competition Landscape: Fish Feed Pellet Making Machine Market

Leading players in the fish feed pellet making machine market are CPM Asia, Andritz Group, Buhler AG, Salmco Ltd., and Zhengchang Group among others. These companies are aiming to strengthen their positions in the global market by launching state-of-the-art equipment. A few other players are striving to generate more shares by joining hands with local companies across the globe.

Get Valuable Insights into Fish Feed Pellet Making Machine Market

FMI, in its new offering, provides an unbiased analysis of the fish feed pellet making machine market presenting historical demand data (2018 to 2022) and forecast statistics for the period from (2023 to 2033). The study divulges compelling insights on the demand for fish feed pellet making machine market based on type (ring die pellet mill, flat die pellet mill), by application (small-scale aquaculture, large-scale aquaculture, others), by sales channel (online, offline), and by region (North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, the Middle East and Africa).

For More Information on this Report @ https://www.futuremarketinsights.com/reports/fish-feed-pellet-making-machine-market

Fish Feed Pellet Making Machine Market Outlook by Category

By Type:

Ring Die Pellet Mill

Flat Die Pellet Mill

By Application:

Small-Scale Aquaculture

Large-Scale Aquaculture

Others

By Sales Channel:

Online

Offline

By Region:

North America

Europe

Asia Pacific

Latin America

MEA

RoW

#Fish Feed Pellet Making Machine Market

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webflowdesignagency · 2 years ago

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Jerky Meat

Jerky meat is a type of meat that is dried and then cut into strips. It is a popular food in many parts of the world, particularly in Asia and Africa. Jerky meat is high in protein and has a chewy texture. It is often made from beef, but it can also be made from chicken, pork, or fish.

Jerky meat is a good source of protein and can be a healthy snack if it is made without the addition of sugar or other unhealthy ingredients. It is important to read the label carefully before purchasing jerky meat, as some brands add these unhealthy ingredients. If not, you're missing out! Jerky Meat is a type of cured meat that is perfect for snacking. It is high in protein and low in fat, making it a healthy option for those looking for a nutritious snack. Jerky Meat is also easy to make at home, using either a dehydrator or an oven.

we will provide you with a step-by-step guide on how to make Jerky Meat at home. We will also share with you some of our favorite Jerky Meat recipes that you can try out. So, if you're ready to learn more about Jerky Meat,

is jerky meat healthy?

When it comes to snacks, there are a lot of options out there. But if you're looking for something that's high in protein and low in fat, you can't go wrong with jerky. Jerky is made from lean, trimmed meat that is then seasoned and dried.

But what about the healthfulness of jerky? Is it a healthy snack? Let's take a closer look.

Jerky is a great source of protein. A one-ounce serving of jerky has about 11 grams of protein, which is about 20% of the Daily Value. It's also low in fat, with only one gram per serving. And because it's made from lean meat, it's a good source of iron. Jerky is a type of dried and preserved meat that has been a part of the human diet for centuries. It is made by curing meat with salt, spices, and other ingredients, and then drying it to remove most of the moisture.

Jerky is a popular snack food, especially among athletes and people who are looking for a high-protein, low-fat source of energy. However, there is some debate about whether or not jerky is good for you.

what kind of a meat is used for jerky meat?

The word “jerky” comes from the Spanish word “charqui” which means “dried meat.” Jerky is essentially meat that has been trimmed of fat, cut into strips, and then dried to prevent spoilage. The drying process can be accomplished either through the use of a dehydrator or by slowly cooking the meat in a very low oven.

The type of meat used for jerky is not as important as the fat content. The leaner the meat, the better. Fat will cause the jerky to spoil more quickly. For this reason, lean cuts of meat such as venison, chicken, and turkey are typically used. However, you can use any type of meat that you like. Jerky meat is a type of meat that is used for making jerky. Jerky is a type of meat that is made by drying, smoking, or curing meat. Jerky can be made from any type of meat, but the most common type of jerky Meat is beef.

What is jerky meat made of?

Jerky is a type of meat that is cut into thin strips and then dried to preserve it. It is a high-protein, low-fat food that is perfect for those who are looking for a healthy snack option.

So, what is jerky meat made of? The answer is simple: any type of meat can be used to make jerky. However, the most popular type of meat to use is beef. Other popular options include pork, chicken, and turkey.

To make beef jerky, the meat is first trimmed off any fat and then cut into thin strips. The strips are then marinated in a mixture of spices and salt before being dried.

Drying the meat is the most important step in the process, as this is what prevents the growth of bacteria and makes the jerky shelf-stable. There are several different ways to dry meat, but the most common method is to use a food dehydrator.

So, there you have it! Now you know what is jerky meat made of and how it is made. Jerky meat is a type of meat that has been preserved through the process of dehydration. This process removes the water content from the meat, which prevents the growth of bacteria and other microorganisms.

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rowangudj647 · 3 years ago

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7 Trends You May Have Missed About How to Fish

For hundreds of a long time, food items to the African continent is preserved without the benefit of refridgeration. How? This information describes four methods of food stuff preservation prevalent in Africa.™

one. Sunshine-drying

For many Africans, the sun is an important factor in food preservation. Quickly after the harvest, grains for example millet, maize, sorghum, green gram, and wheat, in addition to pulses which include beans and peas are distribute out from the Solar to dry. If entirely dried of moisture, these foodstuffs can very last a really while - sometimes decades - if stored in the awesome, dry position and protected from pests.

Most homes experienced a granary crafted way previously mentioned the ground, wherever foodstuffs were saved. Together with drying, it absolutely was also widespread to apply Wooden ash to pulses like beans and peas to discourage insect infestation. The ash could easily be washed out prior to cooking the pulses.

Different kinds of veggies, tubers and fish can even be properly preserved in this way. Tubers including cassava or sweet potato may possibly need to be sliced into slim items to facilitate drying.

two. Smoking cigarettes

Using tobacco is an additional important approach to food items preservation. Previously, following the hunt, hunters smoked substantial quantities of the meat for simpler transport back again household, and also to protect it. It had been typical to smoke match meat, even though domestic animals were being usually eaten fresh right after slaughtering.

Smoking fish is still an important method of preserving fish, utilised everywhere in the continent.

3. Salting

Salt was generally applied to foodstuffs to be able to protect them, together with Sunshine-drying and smoking. Lots of fisherman generously salt fish ahead of Sunshine-drying or smoking cigarettes it, to even more Enhance the odds that it will not decay. Salting was also applied to particular vegetables in the Sunlight-drying process.

4. Applying Body fat

A few communities employed Unwanted fat to preserve food items. These were largely communities that herded animals, such as nomadic communities. Such as, Among the many Somali, each time a camel was slaughtered, A part of the meat was cooked in generous quantities of Unwanted fat and salt. It was then saved for future use. The meat remained appropriate for human consumption because of the substantial amounts of Extra fat wherein it absolutely was cooked and saved, as well as the salt.

Lots of portions of Africa nonetheless don't have the required electrical infrastructure needed for sustained refridgeration. Traditional ways of food stuff preservation go on to Participate in a vital part in holding foodstuff edible for an incredible number of men and women.

These solutions, for instance Solar-drying, smoking cigarettes, salting and applying Fats, have not just stood the examination of time - They're also low-cost and sustainable without the need of demanding an excessive amount Power.

The majority of the issues in a very drinking water pond or an aquarium depart their proprietors puzzled due to the fact They may be never appear at once Unless of course a drinking water take a look at is done. What is often disregarded can in fact help reduce the headache that water parasites provide the house owners. This is the phosphate take a look at.

Phosphate is but a normal contaminant in virtually every tap h2o There exists. It is just a all-natural compound stirring its method to ponds and aquariums which incorporate h2o with the faucet at your home. The phosphate in tap waters usually originates from soil or operate-off which Ordinarily includes fertilizers. This is certainly most probably to occur in agricultural areas. Although the amounts of phosphate usually are not harmful to humans, You will find a significant chance for them to accrue in ponds and aquariums. Besides tap h2o, phosphate could also instigate from saltwater Utilized in aquariums and also from the decorations Employed in the possibly the pond or aquarium.

Most of the time, the existence of phosphate in ponds and aquariums will not be discovered until finally nuisance plant-like creatures begin to mature. In out of doors ponds exclusively, you might know if https://outdoorstack.weebly.com/blog/best-fly-fishing-combo-for-beginners-2018 phosphate compounds are present if the color from the water starts to be pea environmentally friendly. Due to the fact phosphate is employed being a fertilizer for vegetation to increase rapidly, count on to view algae to build as part of your phosphate-infested pond drinking water. Cyanobacteria or mostly called blue - environmentally friendly algae have even bigger chance of residing with your pond In the event the phosphate contamination will not be controlled.

It might show up advanced in the beginning but as soon as you determine how to handle phosphates, receiving rid of these in pond water is really easy which is for those who comply with the next techniques.

youtube

1. Try out tests the drinking water that you simply increase into the pond. This is most applicable to people who depend on faucet drinking water to fill the pond. There are actually phosphate- tests remedies obtainable in the market for hobbyists like pond keepers.

2. For those who use saltwater in ponds, consider to test a sample prior to and just after mixing the salt in the h2o. You will find there's high probability that the phosphate will originate from the salt.

three. Because out of doors ponds tend to be more prone to phosphate contamination, test not to put any fertilized flowerbeds around the drinking water element. Operate-off from rain may be washing phosphate-loaded fertilizer to the pond.

four. Go searching. If you can find farms, golfing programs or other sites in which fertilizers are used, it truly is for sure that the water you will use for that pond consists of phosphate.

Why should we trouble checking phosphates within the drinking water? The answer would seem far too clear. Phosphates bring about The expansion of unwanted living creatures in the pond like algae and blanket weed. When the origin is addressed first, it's much simpler to handle the by-products. The much less phosphate compounds current within your pond, the easier the maintenance might be. The usage of algaecides together with other pond necessities will certainly be lessened as soon as the phosphate concentrations from the pond are managed.

#Youtube

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aanganrestaurant · 3 years ago

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List of Popular Indian Dishes by Region and Type: A Comprehensive Guide to Indian Cuisine

India’s cuisine is one of the most diversified globally, distinguished by its nuanced use of various spices, vegetables, cereals, and fruits found throughout the country. In addition, the different demographics of the ethnically diverse Indian subcontinent are reflected in the cuisine of each geographical region, which encompasses a myriad of foods and cooking styles. Indian food has had an impact on cuisines all around the world, particularly in Southeast Asia. Today, it’s one of the most popular cuisines globally, with a big Indian diaspora and the general populace in North America, Australia, Europe, and even many parts of Africa relishing it.

Diverse Regional Cuisines in India

India’s cuisine is as diverse and locally specific as its people. India’s history, religious and cultural practices, trade partners, conquerors, and all strongly influenced these cuisines. Even though Indian cuisine is prominently region-specific, with common elements, curries, which are gravy-like sauces or stew-like dishes such as meat, cheese, vegetables, pulses, etc., are a staple of Indian cuisine across the country. However, the specific spice mixes and ingredients vary by area. Fortunately for the people of Melbourne, there are some of selected best Indian restaurants in the city.

• Northern Indian Cuisine is heavily influenced by Mughal cuisine. It is known for its heavy usage of dairy: milk, paneer (an Indian cheese), clarified butter (ghee), and yogurt. From samosas to kebabs, the favorite snacks are quite popular. Tandoors, or clay ovens, are popular cooking methods in the North, which impart a characteristic charcoal flavor to foods like tandoori chicken and naan bread. Dal makhani or paneer makhana, palak paneer, aloo gobhi, and other vegetable preparations are famous vegetarian meals. Korma, a creamy curry made with coconut milk/ yogurt and an assortment of spices with cashews or almonds, is another Northern Indian menu classic. Additionally, a variety of meats, most commonly chicken or lamb curries, are also relished in this cuisine.

• Western India Cuisine has three primary regions – Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Goa – defined by their geographical and historical characteristics. Fish and coconut dominate Maharashtra’s cuisine due to its coastal setting. Gujarati cuisine is largely vegetarian, and many of its dishes have an underlying sweetness; this region is also known for its chutneys due to the dry climate that yields smaller vegetables. Goa’s cuisine is a vibrant blend of India’s and Portugal’s culinary influences, with distinctive vindaloo dishes featuring meat.

• Eastern Indian Cuisine is noted for its desserts with subtle sweetness and exquisite taste, such as Rasgulla. The use of mustard oil, mustard, and poppy seeds in this cuisine lends a subtle zing to the meals. Rice and fish are very popular in Eastern Indian cooking.

• Southern Indian Cuisine is rich in curries with stew-like dishes – sambar and rasam – being common that containing a variety of vegetables. In addition, Southern Indian cuisine is notable for its fried or griddle-cooked appetizers, such as dosa (a big rice pancake filled with vegetables) served with chutneys and curries. There are also idlis, the cooked rice balls that go well with sambar and rasam. Then the world-famous biryanis, the amalgamation of fragrant rice with the choice of meat, is considered an ethereal food option. If you are tempted to try the Indian cuisines, you will not be disappointed with the food served at various good Indian restaurants in Melbourne.

Give Yourself an Exquisite Indian Treat

Indian cuisine is not merely food, but it is a celebration of a great taste that has originated from a vibrant culture. If you find yourself craving some fine dining clubbed with a riot of flavors and a memorable experience of trying the fine Indian symphony, then you cannot miss the wide selection of the crème de la crème of the exquisite Indian dishes; only at the best Indian restaurant in Melbourne.

The Article “List of Popular Indian Dishes by Region and Type: A Comprehensive Guide to Indian Cuisine“ is originally posted here.

#indian food #indian restaurant #realindiantaste

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healthcaremarketreports2022 · 3 years ago

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Poultry Feed Premix Market Demand, Size, Share, Scope & Forecast to 2030

Poultry Feed Premix Market is expected to grow at a compound annual growth rate of 3.20% over the forecast period to reach a market size of US$6.667 billion in 2027 from US$5.347 billion in 2020.

Growing livestock population especially in the developing economies, increasing focus on the latest trends in the market, growing application of advanced and modern agricultural and farming practices, high growth in emerging countries coupled with high adoption of innovative technologies, surging prevalence of diseases in animals and increasing industry competitiveness are the major factors attributable to the growth of poultry feed premix market.

Poultry feed premix refers to the poultry feed that is mixture of ingredients rich in vitamins, trace minerals, medicaments, feed supplements and diluents. The poultry feed premix improves the animal and livestock health and therefore is regarded as a value added solution for feeds with sustainable safety and quality. Livestock farmers mix premixes, which are the mixtures of one or more essential animal nutrients, with the home-grown feed, to provide animals with optimum nutrition. The swine feed premix market is segmented by ingredient, into antibiotics, vitamins, antioxidants, amino acids, minerals, and other ingredients.

To understand key trends, Download Sample Report: https://healthcaremarketreports.com/sample-request/poultry-feed-premix-market/2079/

Global Poultry Feed Premix Market: Top Key Players

Nippai

Godrej Agrovet

DSM NV

Charoen Pokphand

For Farmers

Archer Daniels Midland

DBN Group

DLG Group

Cargill Inc.

Global Poultry Feed Premix Market: By Types

Minerals

Antibiotics

Vitamins

Amino Acids

Other

Global Poultry Feed Premix Market: By Applications

Chicken

Duck

Goose

Other

Geographically, the detailed analysis of production, trade of the following countries is covered:

United States

Europe

China

Japan

India

Geographically, the detailed analysis of consumption, revenue, and market share and growth rate of the following regions: United States, Canada, Germany, UK, France, Italy, Spain, Russia, Netherlands, Turkey, Switzerland, Sweden, Poland, Belgium, China, Japan, South Korea, Australia, India, Taiwan, Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia, Brazil, Mexico, Argentina, Columbia, Chile, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Egypt, Nigeria, South Africa and Rest of the World.

Global Poultry Feed Premix Market Scope and Market Size

The global poultry feed premix market is segmented on the basis of ingredient, type, form, distribution channel and end-user. The growth among segments helps you analyse niche pockets of growth and strategies to approach the market and determine your core application areas and the difference in your target markets.

· On the basis of ingredient, the poultry feed premix market is segmented into cereal, oilseed meal, oil, molasses, fish oil and fish meal, supplements and other.

· On the basis of type, the poultry feed premix market is segmented into minerals, antibiotics, vitamins, amino acids and others.

· Based on the form, the poultry feed premix market is segmented into dry and liquid.

· Based on distribution channel, the poultry feed premix market is segmented into indirect and direct.

· The poultry feed premix market is also segmented on the basis of end-user. The end-user segment is segmented into food industry, nutraceuticals and dietary supplements.

Buy This Latest Premium Report Now: https://healthcaremarketreports.com/purchase/poultry-feed-premix-market/2079/?license=single

Some Points from Table of Content

1 Poultry Feed Premix Market Definition and Overview

2 Research Method and Logic

3 Market Competition Analysis

4 Market Segment by Type, Historical Data and Market Forecasts

5 Market Segment by Application, Historical Data and Market Forecasts

6 Global Poultry Feed Premix by Region, Historical Data and Market Forecasts

7 United State Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

8 Canada Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

9 Germany Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

10 UK Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

11 France Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

12 Italy Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

13 Spain Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

14 Russia Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

15 China Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

16 Japan Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

17 South Korea Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

18 Australia Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

19 Thailand Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

20 Brazil Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

21 Argentina Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

22 Chile Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

23 South Africa Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

24 Egypt Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

25 UAE Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

26 Saudi Arabia Market Size Analysis 2016-2026

27 Market Dynamic Analysis and Development Suggestions

For more information about this report visit: https://healthcaremarketreports.com/reports/poultry-feed-premix-market/2079/

Growing public awareness of the importance of animal and livestock health, increased public awareness of the benefits of poultry feed premixes, rising demand for animal-based products among the general public, and increasing consumption of white meat rather than red meat in the international market will all contribute to the market's growth. Furthermore, rising concerns about food safety, a shift in consumption pattern due to a fast-paced lifestyle, an increasing rate of industrialization, and rising expenditure for research and development proficiencies in relation to new product launches are all important factors driving the market forward. High demand for meat and meat-related products in the market due to their appealing taste and high nutritional value, increased demand for healthy as well as organic food, and increased awareness about protein intake in daily diet of individuals will all contribute to the market's lucrative and remunerative growth.

About Us:

The healthcare industry is surely facing disruptions with global economies giving high importance to individual health. In this scenario, we expect our clients to get deep insights to power their innovations in the right direction. We have been keeping a close watch on the changes and modifications happening in the healthcare domain. As per our understanding, these alterations are active and unexampled.

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#Poultry Feed Premix Market

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