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Mectech Palm Oil Refinery Plant- A Legacy of Innovation and Excellence
Oil processing, often known as refining, is the conversion of crude oil into usable products such as petrol, diesel, kerosene, and other petrochemicals. The refining process consists of multiple essential steps, including separation, conversion, treatment, blending, and other refining processes.
Oil refining is a complicated and energy-intensive process that necessitates advanced equipment and technology. It is an important link in the worldwide energy supply chain, providing fuel for transportation, heating, and electricity generation, as well as raw materials for the petrochemical sector.
Of all the oil refining and processing industries, palm oil refinery is the most important sector as it is a very complex oil and for its production it requires good quality plant.
Palm Oil Refining
Palm oil refining industries are among the world's most important manufacturing sectors, and palm oil has grown to become the world's most traded vegetable oil. Indonesia and Malaysia are the main producers, with exporting enterprises for crude palm oil.
Crude palm oil is derived from palm oil's mesocarp. Extracted Crude Palm oil contains some undesirable contaminants, which must be eliminated partially or fully throughout the palm oil refining process to produce good edible oil with increased stability and keepability.
Palm oil is currently a popular cooking oil in many tropical nations, including South East Asia, Africa, and sections of Brazil. Its popularity is attributed due to its higher heat resistance as compared to any other vegetable oil and also because of its lower cost and good oxidative stability.
Palm's unique and finest quality is that it generates two forms of oil: palm oil and palm kernel oil.
Palm oil is derived from the flesh of the palm fruit, whereas palm kernel oil is extracted from the seeds or kernel of the palm fruit using the palm kernel oil process.
Palm oil is derived from fresh palm fruit flesh through pressing and centrifugation at a palm oil facility. To avoid deterioration of Palm Oil, it must be extracted from fresh palm fruit. As a result, countries that cultivate palm oil remove it to prevent it from deteriorating. The crude palm oil's colour is yellow-red or dark yellow, and its taste is sweet.
The crude palm oil extracted contains undesired contaminants, which hurt the oil's physical appearance, quality, oxidative stability, and shelf life. To eliminate the aforementioned pollutants, the oil is sent to a palm oil refinery plant, where it is refined, bleached, and deodorised. After refining the palm oil, the RBD oil is sent to the fractionation unit to extract palm olein and stearin.
Palm Oil Refinery Plant
Palm oil refining is divided into the sections below:
In most palm oil refining plants, the refining process is a vital stage in the manufacture of edible oils and fats. The finished product's properties that must be monitored include flavour, shelf life, stability, and colour.
Crude vegetable oil can be refined in two ways: physically or chemically. During crude palm oil refining, FFA is removed to obtain a maximum FFA level of 0.1%.
Physical refining typically has a smaller environmental impact than chemical refining.
Bleaching edible oils and fats is an important step in the refining process for crude oils and fat. It does eliminate numerous contaminants, which hurt the physical look and quality of the oil. Generally, the oil is taken to the bleaching section first, and the gums are treated with phosphoric acid so that they may be separated in the pressure leaf filter after bleaching.
During this stage, the adsorptive activity of bleaching earth removes trace metal complexes like iron and copper, colouring pigments, phosphatides, and oxidative products.
This bleached oil is next filtered through industrial filters such as a filter press, a hermetically sealed vertical leaf pressure filter, a plate, or a frame filter.
Mectech's unique bleacher design keeps the bleaching earth in full suspension, resulting in no dead zones and lower utility use. Mectech Bleacher guarantees high-quality oil because the bleaching procedure for crude palm oil is carried out under controlled conditions.
Mectech also excels in supplying facilities for rice bran oil processing refinery in India and abroad. Mectech Rice Bran Oil Extraction Machinery in India and abroad offers the following advantages.
#Oil processing#often known as refining#is the conversion of crude oil into usable products such as petrol#diesel#kerosene#and other petrochemicals. The refining process consists of multiple essential steps#including separation#conversion#treatment#blending#and other refining processes.#Oil refining is a complicated and energy-intensive process that necessitates advanced equipment and technology. It is an important link in#providing fuel for transportation#heating#and electricity generation#as well as raw materials for the petrochemical sector.#Of all the oil refining and processing industries#palm oil refinery is the most important sector as it is a very complex oil and for its production it requires good quality plant.#Palm Oil Refining#Palm oil refining industries are among the world's most important manufacturing sectors#and palm oil has grown to become the world's most traded vegetable oil. Indonesia and Malaysia are the main producers#with exporting enterprises for crude palm oil.#Crude palm oil is derived from palm oil's mesocarp. Extracted Crude Palm oil contains some undesirable contaminants#which must be eliminated partially or fully throughout the palm oil refining process to produce good edible oil with increased stability an#Palm oil is currently a popular cooking oil in many tropical nations#including South East Asia#Africa#and sections of Brazil. Its popularity is attributed due to its higher heat resistance as compared to any other vegetable oil and also beca#Palm's unique and finest quality is that it generates two forms of oil: palm oil and palm kernel oil.#Palm oil is derived from the flesh of the palm fruit
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#aroma diffuser machine#scent machine#discount#bluetooth#misty#economy#eco-friendly#spray#essential oil#green#aroma machine#golden aroma food indonesia#aromatherapy#aromantic#aromanitc#aromantism#dish
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Indonesian Essential oils have been used for decades in different cultures for health and medicinal purposes. Due to their antiviral, stimulating, antidepressant, calming properties, detoxifying, and antibacterial, they are in huge demand as safe, natural, and cost-effective therapy for several health issues.
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Palm oil was essential to the lubrication of industrial machinery, including machines of war. The engines and mechanisms of steamships that allowed for the rapid expansion of the export of palm oil to Europe were oiled with palm oil. It greased the wheels of the railways built into African territories to facilitate the extraction of palm oil, minerals, and other materials. Indeed, it was the advent of steam ships that helped cheapen the price of palm oil in the mid-1800s, such that it could become such a pivotal commodity, so far from home. And it was on faster moving and more consistent steamships, lubricated by palm oil, that seedlings of E.guineensis were transported in the early twentieth century to the Dutch and British colonies of (respectively) Indonesia and Malaya. Singapore became the shipping and financial hub of the industry, and it remains so today.
Max Haiven, Palm Oil: The Grease of Empire
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Excerpt from this story from The Revelator:
How do you get people to care about something they can’t see?
That has always presented a challenge in environmental conservation messaging, where a consumer’s decisions can affect people or species on the other side of the planet. It can be hard to connect the dots between a candy bar containing palm oil sold in Indiana to the destruction of an orangutan’s habitat in Indonesia, or how purchasing a cheeseburger in Nebraska contributes to deforestation of the Amazon.
While advocates have had some notable successes communicating these threats, promoting similar efforts to protect ocean life has proven even harder — even for communities that live right next to those waters.
Two of the biggest threats to marine biodiversity come from unsustainable overfishing and habitat loss — both of which also threaten the food security and livelihoods of coastal communities.
To fight these threats, governments have increasingly turned to creating marine protected areas (MPAs), essentially underwater national parks that protect habitats and organisms that live within them.
What can we do to build local support for MPAs and enhance their success? Wootton and her colleagues tried using an innovative collection of virtual and visual tools to persuade people of the benefits of an MPA. It focused on beloved marine species that would be protected by an MPA network, which the researchers called the “Fab Five.”
Wootton and a team of marine scientists, in partnership with First Nations Sea Country peoples, wanted to assess what gets community members to care about the ocean and support an MPA. Working in South Australia, which has 26 commonwealth or state marine parks, they picked five iconic local species who benefit from the MPA, including the Australian sea lion (Neophoca cinerea), giant Australian cuttlefish (Sepia apama), white-bellied sea eagle (Haliaeetus leucogaster), great white shark (Carcharodon carcharias), and southern right whale (Eubalaena australis).
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World Dugong Day
Every year, on the 28th of May, it is celebrated the World Dugong Day! 🧜
Dugong is known as the sea cow (pic attached 🐮 - x). Why sea cow, you ask? These animals can be found in coastal environments feeding exclusively and extensively on seagrasses. The largest remaining population of Dugongs can be found in Australia (i), while the closest to the United Kingdom can be observed in the shallow waters of The Arabian Gulf (ii) 🌊
Why are dugongs important? 🧐
According to the Dugong & Seagrass Conservation Project (iii), dugongs contribute to maintaining balanced marine coastal environments, while also representing good indicators for local ecosystem health. Their presence is of course linked with seagrasses, which not only represents these herbivore mammals’ only source of food: seagrass sits at bottom of food chain in coastal environments (iv). Moreover, it provides important ecosystem services such as fish products, reduced erosion and flood protection (v). In other words, dugong presence is the manifestation of healthy ecosystem. Terrible news is: they are classified as vulnerable species (vi) 😰
Why are they declining? And how is climate change impacting their population? 😭
Dugongs are sensitive creatures not exempt from anthropogenic (modern age) disturbance. They have been largely hunted by humans for its meat, fat and oils, which caused significant population reduction (vi). Also, seagrass species are under extreme pressure due water quality variations largely driven by climate change (vii) and further human activity (viii). In addition, their slow reproduction rate and long life span (around 70 years) make them less resilient from not-environmentally friendly fishing practices (ix) 🎣
What can be done to support them? 💪
The Australian Great Barrier Reef and Marine Park Authority (i) provides the following recommendations:
1. Protect coastal habitats - Do not damage seagrass by dragging boats on underwater meadows and act against pollution, eutrophication and herbicide use deriving from land-based activities 🚜
2. Avoid use of mesh nets - Dugongs can get trapped in fishing nets 🥅
3. Boat responsibly - Dugongs are hard too spot while sitting on high speeding boats. Reduce speed while crossing shallow waters and seagrass meadows. If you spot one, it is likely it will not the only one in the area 🚢
4. Report - Just like for other sirenians, as well as cetaceans, it is essential to report injured/dead dugongs to local authorities ☎️
5. Donate - Dugong & Seagrass Conservation Project covers the conservation of dugongs and their associated seagrass ecosystems in eight countries in the Indo-Pacific region: Indonesia, Madagascar, Malaysia, Mozambique, Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Timor-Leste and Vanuatu. See more information here: https://www.dugongconservation.org/ 🙏
References:
i. https://www2.gbrmpa.gov.au/learn/animals/dugong#:~:text=Whether%20in%20protection%20areas%20or,flowing%20into%20creeks%20and%20rivers
ii. https://www.seaworldabudhabi.com/en/stories/meet-the-dugongs#:~:text=In%20the%20UAE%2C%20dugongs%20are,Marine%20Biosphere%20Reserve%20(MMBR)
iii. https://www.dugongconservation.org/about/about-dugongs-seagrass/
iv: https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/marine-food-chain/7th-grade/
v: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5061329/#:~:text=Seagrass%20ecosystems%20play%20a%20multi,erosion%20and%20protection%20against%20floods
vi: https://nc.iucnredlist.org/redlist/amazing-species/dugong-dugon/pdfs/original/dugong-dugon.pdf
vii: https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70204854#:~:text=A%20primary%20effect%20of%20increased,the%20patterns%20of%20sexual%20reproduction
viii: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4020-2983-7_24#citeas
ix: https://www.dcceew.gov.au/sites/default/files/env/pages/0fcb6106-b4e3-4f9f-8d06-f6f94bea196b/files/north-report-card-dugong.pdf
x (picture): https://theconversation.com/dugongs-looking-to-the-gentle-sea-creatures-past-may-guard-its-future-122902
#dugongs#dugong#world dugong day#climate change#nature#sustainability#climate crisis#ecosystem#coastal#environment#environmental science#environmentalism#conservation#anthropocene#habitat#animals#sirens#sirenians
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Hilda's herborium: Lemongrass
Per request of @nav-is-bored, these are commonly distributed in the Phillipines!
Scientific name: Cymbopogon citratus
Native Habitat: India, Sri Lanka, Malaysia and Indonesia
Magical Qualities:
Communication
Protection
Love
Purification
Expelling negative energy
Lust
Balance
Clarity
Description:
Lemongras is a perennial grass in the family Poaceae grown for its fragrant leaves and stalks which are used as a flavoring. The grass grows in dense clumps and has several stiff stems and slender blade-like leaves which droop towards the tips. The leaves are blue-green in color, turning red in the Fall and emit a strong lemon fragrance when damaged. Lemongrass produces large compound flowers on spikes when grown in the tropics, but rarely flowers when grown in more Northern latitudes. Lemon grass can reach a height of 1.8 m (6 ft) and will grow for several years, typically its economical lifespan is 4 years.
Folklore
Lemongrass has been used as a healing herb in folklore for hundreds of years. This tropical plant is used prolifically in many Asian cuisines.
Historically, lemongrass was often used for its oils. During the 17th century, it was distilled and shipped around the world as part of the perfume industry. At the time, there was very little access to personal hygiene facilities, which meant that anyone who considered themselves of a higher class would anoint themselves with scented oils in an attempt to cover up their own smell. Lemongrass was one of the most popular scents though few could afford it due to its high price.
Lemongrass has been a traditional healing herb in its native regions for a long time, the fact that it’s so helpful in reducing fevers has given it the name “fever grass” in some cultures. It’s one of the most popular medicinal plants in Brazil, with many in the Amazon regarding it as a wonderful sedative when taken in tea form.
Lemongrass is a great magickal plant which you can use to promote openness to new ideas or people. It’s great for providing some magickal help if you struggle with communication. Lemongrass is also thought to attract fae.
One of the most famous uses of Lemongrass essential oil is as an effective and natural insect repellent. It is thought that the citronella content of Lemongrass is responsible for its insect repelling abilties. It blocks the scent that attract mosquitoes and other biting insects such as lactic acid and carbon dioxide, making it harder for insects to locate you. Furthermore, research has shown that citronella helps to reduce mosquito landing by 40 percent.
Quotes about Lemongrass
"I landed in 1980 in Bangkok, and I stopped to eat ten times between the airport and the hotel. It was all lemongrass and ginger and chilies." -Jean-Georges Vongerichten
#hilda's herborium#lemongrass#herbs#witchcraft#paganblr#paganism#nature#witchblr#green witch#herb magick
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Essential Oils: Patchouli Pogostemon cablin
The following information is from Essential Oils for Beginners: The Guide to Get Started with Essential Oils and Aromatherapy by Althea Press.
DESCRIPTION Patchouli essential oil has a deep golden-brown color and a medium to thick consistency. Its rich, woody aroma is wonderfully appealing, and it makes an excellent base note in aromatherapy blends.
ORIGIN India, Indonesia, Sri Lanka
PROPERTIES Antibacterial, antiemetic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiseptic, antiviral, carminative, decongestant, deodorant, febrifuge, laxative, stimulant, stomachic, tonic
APPLICATION Patchouli essential oil may be used neat. It is suitable for direct inhalation, diffusion, topical application, and ingestion.
PRIMARY USES Eases indigestion; alleviates constipation; soothes insect bites and stings, burns, and minor wounds; alleviates dandruff; moisturizes dry skin; reduces appearance of wrinkles; opens pores for cleansing; relieves oily skin and hair; repels insects. When used in aromatherapy or for meditation, patchouli essential oil alleviates nervous exhaustion and relieves stress. It promotes physical and mental relaxation, increases focus, and helps users eliminate feelings of insecurity.
SAFE USE Patchouli essential oil is generally considered safe for humans, dogs, and horses. It is recognized as a flavoring agent and food additive by the FDA.
#green witchcraft#green witch#nature witchcraft#nature witch#cottage witch#pagan witch#pagan community#witch community#witchblr
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𓆩 𝑽𝒆𝒕𝒊𝒗𝒆𝒓: 𝑴𝒐𝒓𝒆 𝑻𝒉𝒂𝒏 𝑴𝒆𝒆𝒕𝒔 𝑻𝒉𝒆 𝑬𝒚𝒆 𓆪
──────⊹⊱☾⊰⊹──────
Vetiver (in French, vetyver) is a fast-growing perennial grass from the Poaceae family of plants, which also includes lemongrass and citronella. It also can grow very tall! Vetiver also has a large, interlinked root system from which the essential oil of the plant (used widely in perfumery and incense production) is derived.
Vetiver is native to Southern India, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia, but today is widely cultivated in various countries around the world, including Reunion, Haiti, the Philippines, Japan, the Comoro Islands, West Africa and Polynesia.
► So...It’s just grass?
No! Vetiver can not only produce small purple-brown blooms, but It’s also used in many different ways therapeutically. Vetiver is sometimes applied directly to the skin for relieving stress, as well as for emotional traumas and shock, lice, and repelling insects. It is also used for arthritis, stings, and burns. Vetiver is sometimes inhaled as aromatherapy for nervousness, insomnia, and joint and muscle pain. Vetiver oil has a very distinct woody/earthy smell, making it a must have for grounding techniques when using essential oils.
► So... What exactly do they look like?
► Do they symbolize anything?
It's said that the vetiver root symbolizes vitality.
► Tell me more!
This grounding and earthy essential oil was a staple in the traditional medicine of ancient China. It was used as a treatment to soothe and replenish dry skin, balance the emotions, ease negativity and energize, calm and cool the body. Chinese physicians actually prescribed vetiver, which when used with meditation, was a means to restore “Yin” deficiencies, which were often associated with depression.
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TEXT 3 - Procedure Text
Source: https://www.seriouseats.com/nasi-goreng-recipe
Nasi Goreng (Indonesian Fried Rice) by Pat Tanumihardja
Nasi goreng, Indonesia's version of fried rice, gets a sweet-savory profile from kecap manis and a big hit of umami from shrimp paste.
Why this recipe works:
1. Using either freshly cooked or day-old rice results in fried rice that separates nicely into individual grains, without clumping up.
2. Indonesian shrimp paste adds a potent dose of umami.
3. The sweetness of kecap manis balances out the dish's many salty and savory elements.
Nasi goreng is essentially Indonesia's take on fried rice. In addition to kecap manis, the country's ubiquitous sweet soy sauce, terasi (Indonesian shrimp paste) is what sets nasi goreng apart from other fried-rice variations you'll see in other countries.
Terasi is an umami bomb that pervades both your kitchen and your senses. If you can't find it easily, feel free to substitute another Southeast Asian shrimp paste, or omit it—you’ll be making what my mom calls nasi goreng cina, or Chinese fried rice, which is the version she made for us when I was growing up.
Ingredients
For the Spice Paste:
2 small shallots (2 ounces; 55g), roughly chopped
3 medium cloves garlic
1 large fresh green chile, such as Fresno or Holland, stemmed and seeded, or 1 teaspoon sambal oelek, such as Huy Fong (see note)
1/2 teaspoon terasi (Indonesian shrimp paste), optional (see note)
For the Nasi Goreng:
4 cups cold cooked jasmine rice (21 ounces; 600g) or other medium- to long-grain rice (see note)
2 tablespoons (30ml) neutral oil, such as canola or sunflower oil
2 tablespoons (30ml) kecap manis (see note), plus more for drizzling
2 teaspoons (10ml) soy sauce
Kosher salt
Ground white pepper
To Serve:
2 large fried eggs, cooked sunny-side up or over easy
Sliced cucumbers (optional)
Sliced tomatoes (optional)
Fried shallots (optional)
Directions
1. For the Spice Paste: Add half the shallots to a mortar and grind with pestle until a coarse purée forms. Add remaining shallots, followed by garlic, chile, and terasi (if using), grinding with pestle until each ingredient is mostly incorporated before adding the next. The final paste should resemble thick oatmeal in texture. Alternatively, combine all spice paste ingredients in a small food processor and process until they form a paste.
2. For the Nasi Goreng: If using day-old rice, transfer rice to a bowl and break rice up with your hands into individual grains.
3. Heat oil in a large wok or skillet over high heat until shimmering. Add spice paste and cook, stirring constantly and scraping bottom of wok or pan to prevent paste from burning, until a pungent smell permeates your kitchen and paste turns a few shades darker, 2 to 3 minutes. Reduce heat to medium at any time if paste appears to be browning too quickly.
4. Add rice to wok and stir to coat with spice paste. Add kecap manis and soy sauce. Stir and cook until rice is evenly colored and hot throughout. Season with salt and white pepper.
5. Divide rice between two plates and top each plate of rice with a fried egg. Garnish with cucumber and tomato slices and shower with fried shallots, if you like. Serve immediately with kecap manis alongside for drizzling.
Special Equipment
Mortar and pestle, large wok or skillet
Notes
Terasi is an Indonesian shrimp paste that can be found in well-stocked Asian markets or online. We recommend purchasing handy single-serving packets. If you can't find terasi, you may substitute belacan (Malaysian or Singaporean shrimp paste) or Thai shrimp paste, or simply omit it altogether.
Sambal oelek is an Indonesian chile paste, traditionally made with nothing more than hot red chiles and salt. You can find it at Asian markets or in the "international" aisle of some supermarkets.
Kecap manis is Indonesian sweet soy sauce, typically made by combining soy sauce with palm sugar. We recommend Cap Bango kecap manis, but you may also find ABC and Conimex brands available online or in Asian markets. For more information, read our kecap manis explainer.
For best results, use rice that has been refrigerated for at least 12 hours and up to 3 days. If using freshly cooked rice, spread rice on a tray and allow to cool for 5 minutes before using.
Indonesia translation:
Nasi Goreng (Nasi Goreng Indonesia) oleh Pat Tanumihardja
Nasi goreng, versi Indonesia dari nasi goreng, memiliki rasa manis dan gurih dari kecap manis dan rasa umami yang kuat dari terasi.
Mengapa resep ini berhasil:
1. Menggunakan nasi yang baru dimasak atau nasi yang sudah dingin akan membuat nasi goreng terpisah dengan sempurna dan tidak lengket.
2. Terasi Indonesia menambahkan dosis umami yang kuat.
3. Manisnya kecap manis seimbang dengan rasa asin dan gurih dari bahan lainnya.
Kata Nasi goreng pada dasarnya adalah versi Indonesia dari nasi goreng. Selain kecap manis, saus kedelai manis yang umum di negara ini, terasi (pasta udang Indonesia) adalah yang membuat nasi goreng berbeda dengan variasi nasi goreng yang Anda lihat di negara lain.
Terasi adalah bom umami yang menyebar di dapur dan indra Anda. Jika Anda tidak dapat menemukannya dengan mudah, bebas untuk menggantinya dengan pasta udang Asia Tenggara lainnya atau tidak digunakan sama sekali - Anda akan membuat apa yang ibu saya sebut nasi goreng cina, atau nasi goreng Tionghoa, yang merupakan versi yang dibuatnya untuk kami ketika saya masih kecil.
Bahan-bahan:
Untuk Bumbu Halus:
2 bawang merah kecil (55g), cincang kasar
3 siung bawang putih ukuran sedang
1 cabai hijau segar besar, seperti Fresno atau Holland, buang biji dan batang, atau 1 sendok teh sambal oelek, seperti Huy Fong (lihat catatan)
1/2 sendok teh terasi (pasta udang Indonesia), opsional (lihat catatan)
Untuk Nasi Goreng:
4 cangkir nasi putih dingin (600g) atau jenis nasi medium- hingga nasi lama (lihat catatan)
2 sendok makan (30ml) minyak netral, seperti minyak kanola atau bunga matahari
2 sendok makan (30ml) kecap manis (lihat catatan), tambahkan sedikit lagi untuk dioleskan di atas nasi
2 sendok teh (10ml) kecap asin
Garam kosher
Merica putih bubuk
Untuk Disajikan:
2 telur goreng, masak telur mata sapi atau telur dadar
Irisan mentimun (opsional)
Irisan tomat (opsional)
Bawang merah goreng (opsional)
Petunjuk:
1. Untuk Bumbu Halus: Tambahkan setengah bagian bawang merah ke cobek dan giling dengan ulekan hingga membentuk pasta kasar. Tambahkan bawang merah yang tersisa, diikuti dengan bawang putih, cabai hijau segar dan terasi (jika digunakan), giling dengan ulekan hingga setiap bahan tercampur rata sebelum menambahkan bahan berikutnya. Akhirnya, bumbu halus harus menyerupai oatmeal tebal dari segi tekstur. Sebagai alternatif, gabungkan semua bahan bumbu halus dalam food processor kecil dan proses hingga membentuk pasta.
2. Untuk Nasi Goreng: Jika menggunakan nasi yang sudah dingin, tuang nasi ke dalam mangkuk dan remukkan nasi dengan tangan hingga terpisah menjadi butiran-butiran yang lebih kecil.
3. Panaskan minyak dalam wajan besar atau penggorengan di atas api besar hingga berkilau. Tambahkan bumbu halus dan masak sambil terus diaduk hingga dasar wajan atau panci untuk mencegah bumbu halus terbakar, hingga bau yang kuat menyebar di dapur Anda dan bumbu halus berubah beberapa tingkat menjadi lebih gelap, selama 2 hingga 3 menit. Kurangi panas ke sedang pada saat bumbu halus tampak terlalu cepat menjadi kecoklatan.
4. Tambahkan nasi ke dalam wajan dan aduk hingga nasi terbalut bumbu halus. Tambahkan kecap manis dan kecap asin. Aduk dan masak hingga nasi berwarna merata dan panas. Bumbui dengan garam dan merica putih.
5. Bagi nasi goreng di antara dua piring dan letakkan telur goreng di atas setiap piring nasi. Hias dengan irisan mentimun dan tomat serta taburi dengan bawang goreng, jika suka. Sajikan segera dengan kecap manis di samping untuk dituangkan.
Perlengkapan Khusus
Cobek dan ulekan, wajan besar atau penggorengan
Catatan
Terasi adalah pasta udang khas Indonesia yang dapat ditemukan di pasar Asia yang lengkap atau online. Kami merekomendasikan membeli kemasan single-serving yang praktis. Jika Anda tidak dapat menemukan terasi, Anda dapat menggantinya dengan belacan (pasta udang Malaysia atau Singapura) atau pasta udang Thailand, atau cukup tidak menggunakan terasi sama sekali.
Sambal oelek adalah pasta cabai Indonesia yang dibuat secara tradisional dengan hanya menggunakan cabai merah pedas dan garam. Anda dapat menemukannya di pasar Asia atau di bagian "internasional" beberapa supermarket.
Kecap manis adalah saus kedelai manis khas Indonesia, biasanya dibuat dengan menggabungkan kecap asin dengan gula kelapa. Kami merekomendasikan merek Cap Bango kecap manis, tetapi Anda juga dapat menemukan merek ABC dan Conimex yang tersedia secara online atau di pasar Asia. Untuk informasi lebih lanjut, baca penjelasan kecap manis kami.
Untuk hasil terbaik, gunakan nasi yang telah direfrigerasi selama minimal 12 jam dan maksimal 3 hari. Jika menggunakan nasi yang baru dimasak, sebarkan nasi di atas nampan dan biarkan dingin selama 5 menit sebelum digunakan.
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Tumblr Polls Plays Wikipedia
(vote for which bolded word to click on)
Day 3, Timeline B
Nutmeg is the seed, or the ground spice derived from that seed, of several tree species of the genus Myristica;[1] fragrant nutmeg or true nutmeg (M. fragrans) is a dark-leaved evergreen tree cultivated for two spices derived from its fruit: nutmeg, from its seed, and mace, from the seed covering. It is also a commercial source of nutmeg essential oil and nutmeg butter. Indonesia is the main producer of nutmeg and mace, and the true nutmeg tree is native to its islands.
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Fossil Fuel Expansion Threatens Coral Triangle Biodiversity
At COP16 of the Convention on Biological Diversity, a critical report brought to light the dangers posed by fossil fuel expansion to the Coral Triangle. This region, known as the ‘Amazon of the seas’, is one of the most biodiverse marine areas globally. It spans over 10 million square kilometers and includes several Southeast Asian nations.
The Coral Triangle
The Coral Triangle houses 76% of the world’s coral species. It supports over 120 million people who rely on its resources for their livelihoods. Countries within this region include Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, the Philippines, Timor-Leste, and the Solomon Islands.
Fossil Fuel Threats
The report, titled Coral Triangle at Risk: Fossil Fuel Threats and Impacts, outlines alarming statistics. More than 100 offshore oil and gas blocks are currently operational, covering over 120,000 square kilometers. An additional 450 blocks are under exploration, potentially affecting 16% of the Coral Triangle if fully developed.
Impact on Critical Habitats
Significant portions of vital habitats are threatened. Overlaps with oil and gas blocks affect 24% of coral reefs, 22% of seagrass, and 37% of mangroves. Since 2020, 793 oil slicks have been detected, primarily due to bilge dumping from ships, affecting over 24,000 square kilometers.
Notable Incidents
One major incident is the Princess Empress oil spill in 2023, which impacted over 20 marine protected areas and affected 21,000 families. The economic damages were about 3.8 billion Philippine pesos, disrupting local fishing industries and harming marine habitats.
Liquefied Natural Gas Infrastructure
The report also addresses the rapid expansion of liquefied natural gas (LNG) infrastructure in Southeast Asia. Between 2016 and 2022, over $30 billion was invested in LNG. Currently, 19 LNG terminals operate in the Coral Triangle, with more planned, increasing risks to marine ecosystems.
Effects on Marine Life
Fossil fuel expansion threatens biodiversity. Noise pollution from shipping and exploration disrupts marine life, particularly species like whales and dolphins. Seismic exploration and commercial shipping create loud noises that interfere with communication and navigation, leading to behavioral changes and increased mortality rates.
Protected Areas at Risk
Sixteen percent of marine protected areas overlap with oil and gas blocks. This poses an important threat to sensitive ecosystems. Eighty MPAs are completely covered by fossil fuel activities, raising serious concerns for biodiversity conservation.
Local Community Impact
The consequences of oil spills extend beyond environmental damage. Local communities face severe threats. Countries dependent on fossil fuels often incur long-term debt due to resource exploitation. The Princess Empress spill caused school closures and health issues among residents, denoting their vulnerability.
Cultural Heritage Threats
In South Bali, proposed LNG projects threaten sacred sites of indigenous communities. Local leaders express concerns that these developments could harm both the environment and cultural heritage.
Recommended Actions
The report recommends urgent actions to protect the Coral Triangle. A moratorium should halt oil, gas, mining, and industrial activities in sensitive areas. The development of renewable energy plans is essential to reduce reliance on fossil fuels, especially LNG. Additionally, the Coral Triangle should be classified as a Particularly Sensitive Sea Area (PSSA) for special protection.
Despite the threats, local communities are mobilizing. In the Philippines, grassroots movements like Protect VIP oppose fossil fuel projects and seek accountability, especially following the Princess Empress oil spill.
website: popularscientist.com
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Organic Spices Exporters: Access Global Quality and Trusted Sourcing with Exportersway's B2B Portal
The organic spices industry is booming as global demand grows for high-quality, chemical-free spices that enhance both taste and health benefits. For importers, wholesalers, and businesses worldwide, sourcing organic spices directly from trusted exporters is essential for ensuring quality, consistency, and authenticity. This article explores how Exportersway, a B2B portal, connects buyers with reliable organic spices exporters, helping businesses efficiently access top-grade organic spices from across the globe.
The Growing Market for Organic Spices
Organic spices are becoming increasingly popular due to their purity, health benefits, and environmentally friendly cultivation practices. Unlike conventional spices, organic spices are grown without synthetic pesticides, fertilizers, or genetically modified organisms (GMOs). This careful cultivation process ensures they are rich in nutrients and free from harmful chemicals, appealing to health-conscious consumers. Some benefits of organic spices include:
Enhanced Nutritional Value: Organic spices contain higher levels of antioxidants and essential nutrients, making them healthier options.
Better Flavor and Aroma: The absence of chemical treatments allows organic spices to retain their natural oils, enhancing flavor and aroma.
Sustainability: Organic farming is kinder to the environment, using less water and avoiding pollutants, which helps preserve the soil and ecosystems.
Increased Demand: As awareness of health and wellness grows, the demand for organic products, including spices, continues to rise, making organic spices a profitable market for exporters and buyers alike.
For businesses, partnering with reputable organic spices exporters can open the door to quality products that appeal to today’s discerning consumers.
Why Buy from Organic Spices Exporters on a B2B Portal?
A B2B portal like Exportersway offers an ideal solution for businesses looking to source organic spices from certified exporters. Through a B2B portal, buyers can access an extensive network of suppliers in one place, making it easier to evaluate, compare, and negotiate with exporters. Some advantages of using a B2B platform include:
Broad Selection of Exporters: Exportersway’s B2B portal provides a diverse network of certified organic spices exporters, offering a wide range of spices, including popular varieties like turmeric, cinnamon, cardamom, and cumin.
Assured Quality and Authenticity: Verified suppliers ensure that all organic spices meet regulatory and certification standards, guaranteeing a high-quality product for buyers.
Time and Cost Efficiency: With a B2B portal, businesses save time by finding all suppliers in one place, while competitive pricing helps them get the best value.
Convenient Communication and Secure Transactions: B2B platforms streamline communication between buyers and exporters, and secure transaction options make purchasing easier and safer.
For businesses focused on quality, Exportersway offers an efficient way to connect with top-tier organic spices exporters from around the world.
Exportersway: Your Trusted B2B Portal for Organic Spices Exporters
Exportersway is a leading B2B platform dedicated to linking global buyers with certified organic spices exporters. With a focus on quality, reliability, and ease of use, Exportersway has established itself as a trusted source for businesses sourcing organic spices. Here’s how Exportersway supports buyers:
Vetted Network of Exporters: Exportersway partners with certified exporters who meet stringent quality standards. Their network includes top exporters from regions renowned for spice production, such as India, Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and more.
User-Friendly Platform: Exportersway’s platform is designed to simplify the sourcing process, allowing buyers to search by spice type, origin, and exporter credentials easily.
Secure and Transparent Transactions: The portal provides safe payment options, along with transparent pricing and shipping terms, making each transaction clear and reliable.
Customer Support and Assistance: With dedicated customer support, Exportersway assists buyers at each step of their sourcing journey, from inquiries to final purchase, ensuring a seamless experience.
Top Organic Spices Available Through Exportersway's Exporters
Exportersway offers access to a range of popular organic spices from certified exporters. Here are some high-demand spices buyers can find on the platform:
Organic Turmeric: Known for its bright color and health benefits, turmeric is a staple in many cuisines and medicinal traditions. Exportersway’s suppliers offer organic turmeric free from artificial additives, ideal for businesses seeking quality ingredients.
Organic Cinnamon: This warm and aromatic spice is prized for its flavor and health benefits. Exportersway connects buyers with exporters who provide premium organic cinnamon in bulk quantities.
Organic Black Pepper: A universal spice, black pepper adds a unique flavor to dishes worldwide. Exportersway’s exporters offer organically grown black pepper that meets high-quality standards.
Organic Cardamom: With its distinct aroma and flavor, cardamom is a popular spice in global cuisines. Exportersway’s suppliers ensure this spice is organically grown, meeting the requirements of quality-conscious buyers.
Organic Cumin: Known for its earthy flavor, organic cumin is essential in various dishes. Exportersway offers access to exporters with organically grown cumin, ensuring product authenticity and quality.
How Exportersway Streamlines Sourcing Organic Spices
Exportersway’s B2B portal is designed to make sourcing organic spices efficient and reliable for businesses. Here’s how they do it:
Comprehensive Search and Filter Options: Buyers can search for specific spices or exporters, filter by certification type, country of origin, and product specifications, making it easy to find the perfect match for their needs.
Product Details and Certifications: Each exporter provides detailed product descriptions, certifications, and quality standards, allowing buyers to make informed choices before purchase.
Sample Request Options: Exportersway enables buyers to request product samples from exporters, which helps them assess quality before committing to larger orders.
Flexible Purchase Options: With Exportersway, buyers can place small or bulk orders, and the platform facilitates negotiation with exporters for customized orders, giving businesses flexibility in purchasing.
Tips for Businesses Working with Organic Spices Exporters
Working with organic spices exporters through a B2B platform like Exportersway can be rewarding, but it’s essential to keep some best practices in mind:
Verify Organic Certifications: Ensuring that spices meet organic standards is crucial. Exportersway lists certified exporters, but buyers should verify certification documents directly with suppliers if necessary.
Understand Product Grades: Spices come in various grades, and each one may be suited to different purposes. Knowing these distinctions can help buyers select the best quality spices for their needs.
Negotiate Pricing and Terms: For large orders, it’s wise to negotiate pricing and shipping terms with exporters. Exportersway makes it easy to communicate and negotiate directly with suppliers.
Check Shipping and Delivery Terms: Make sure that shipping policies align with your business needs. Exportersway’s platform allows buyers to clarify delivery terms, ensuring timely arrivals.
The Advantages of Choosing Exportersway for Organic Spices Exporters
Exportersway offers a unique combination of benefits that make it the ideal platform for buying organic spices from exporters. Here’s why businesses worldwide choose Exportersway:
Global Reach and Reliable Suppliers: Exportersway connects buyers with certified organic spices exporters from major spice-producing countries, ensuring quality and authenticity.
Secure Transactions and Customer Support: With secure payment gateways, transparent pricing, and reliable customer support, Exportersway simplifies the purchasing process for both buyers and suppliers.
Time and Cost Efficiency: By bringing multiple exporters together on a single platform, Exportersway saves time and reduces costs, allowing buyers to focus on their business growth.
Access to Diverse and Premium Quality Spices: From turmeric and cumin to exotic spices, Exportersway offers buyers a wide variety of high-quality organic spices at competitive prices.
Conclusion
As the demand for organic spices continues to grow, sourcing these premium ingredients from reliable exporters becomes increasingly important. Exportersway’s B2B portal provides a seamless way for businesses to connect with certified organic spices exporters, ensuring quality, authenticity, and competitive pricing. Whether you’re looking to buy turmeric, black pepper, or cardamom, Exportersway’s platform offers a reliable, secure, and user-friendly solution for all your organic spice needs.
If your business is ready to join the organic movement, trust Exportersway’s B2B portal to provide access to the finest organic spices exporters in the market, helping you bring the best flavors and quality to your customers.
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Since ancient times, essential oils have been employed to accomplish a variety of health advantages. They are made from plant elements such as barks, herbs, rids, and other tissues that have inherent healing powers.
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The Global Reach of Baxcell: High-Pressure Ball Valves in India, Mexico, and Indonesia
High-pressure ball valves are essential components in industries where controlling the flow of liquids and gases under extreme pressure is critical. Commonly used in oil and gas, chemical processing, and industrial applications, these valves offer reliability, durability, and precise flow control, which are all critical in high-stakes environments.
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Butadiene Market - Forecast(2024 - 2030)
Butadiene Market Overview
The Butadiene Market size is estimated at 12.11 million tons in 2023, and is expected to reach 15.94 million tons by 2030, growing at a CAGR of 3.71% during the forecast period (2024–2030). Butadiene is colorless and has a highly reactive nature with a monoisotopic mass of 54.046g/mol and is majorly used in petrochemical, rubber, automotive tires, latexes, coatings, gloves, and others. It is produced as a by-product from propylene and ethylene manufacturing, along with aromatic hydrocarbons, and is useful in the synthesis of cycloalkanes and cycloalkenes, through diels-alder reactions. The excellent properties such as strength, heat resistance, and high performance make it the best option for application in the automotive, electronics, construction, and medical industry Butadiene serves as a crucial component in the production of synthetic rubbers and elastomers, notably including polybutadiene rubber (PBR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), nitrile rubber (NR), and polychloroprene (Neoprene). These materials find extensive applications across various industries, with PBR and SBR prominently used in tire manufacturing, while Neoprene and nitrile rubber are favored for producing a wide range of products such as gloves, seals, gaskets, hoses, wetsuits, and foams. Additionally, styrene-butadiene (SB) latex is utilized in the production of carpet and paper coatings. Polybutadiene rubber (BR, PBR), known for its cost-effectiveness and high volume production, often serves as a substitute for natural rubber (NR). Its synthesis typically involves anionic polymerization or coordination polymerization of 1,3-butadiene in non-polar solvents, favored for its ability to tightly control molecular weight (MW) and ensure high stereoregularity, making it a preferred method in the industry.
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The report: “Butadiene Market — Forecast (2024–2030)”, by IndustryARC, covers an in-depth analysis of the following segments of the Barium Sulphate Industry. Market.
By Production Process: Steam Cracking, Foundry Process, Oxo-D Process.
By Product: Styrene butadiene rubber, Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, Polybutadiene rubber, Nitrile rubber, and Others
By Application: Synthetic Rubber, Thermoplastic Rubber, Latexes, Conveyor Belt, Surgical Gloves, Golf Ball, Tires, and Others
By End-Use Industry: Automotive Industry (Commercial Vehicles, Passenger Vehicles, Automotive Components, and Others), Electronics Industry (Electronic Enclosures, Home Appliances, Computer, and Others), Chemical Industry, Construction, and Others.
By Geography: North America (USA, Canada, and Mexico), Europe (UK, Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Russia, Belgium, and Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, India, South Korea, Australia, and New Zealand, Indonesia, Taiwan, Malaysia, and Rest of APAC), South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Chile, and Rest of South America), Middle East (Saudi Arabia, UAE, Israel, Rest of the Middle East) and Africa (South Africa, Nigeria, Rest of Africa).
Key Takeaway
• The growth in the automotive production and construction industry in the Asia-Pacific region will create a drive in the butadiene market, due to the high demand for butadiene-derived products such as polybutadiene rubber, synthetic rubbers, styrene-butadiene latex, and others.
• The styrene butadiene rubber holds a major share in the butadiene industry, owing to its application in high-performance tires, automotive components, belts, gaskets, and others.
• The rising awareness regarding environmental and health concerns, along with increasing prices of crude oil is estimated to create a hindrance in the growth of the butadiene market.
Butadiene Market Segment Analysis — By Production Process
The demand for synthetic rubbers, and consequently the butadiene market, is heavily influenced by the automotive industry, while its supply relies on the ethylene industry due to its essential role in the steam cracking process. Consequently, fluctuations in supply and demand in other markets exert significant impacts on the butadiene industry. Factors such as the advancement of environmentally-friendly methods for polymer emulsion production, increasing demand for water-based solvents and coatings, and the expansion of industrial sectors such as automotive and consumer durables contribute to the global market’s growth trajectory. Furthermore, the consumption is estimated to reach 1.2 million by 2025 in India. Thus, the growth and demand for butadiene derived rubber and major applications in automotive will boost the steam cracking manufacturing process segment in the forecast period.
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Butadiene Market Segment Analysis — By Product
By product, the styrene butadiene rubber segment is expected to have the largest share in the forecast period and is expected to grow at a CAGR of over 7.5%. It contains 23% styrene and 77% butadiene and is used as the primary material to make tires, shoe soles, and plastic materials. The SBR-1500 is a high molecular weight combining good extrusion and avoiding product degradation. The styrene-butadiene rubber has various applications such as automotive, consumer products, footwear, electronics, molded rubber products, and others. The automotive industry makes major use of styrene butadiene rubber due to its increasing dominance for automotive tires, belts, and other automotive components in the forecast period. China is the largest textile-producing and exporting country in the world. With its rapid growth over the last two decades, the Chinese textile industry has become one of the main pillars of the country’s economy. In February 2022, the Chinese textile export reached an all-time high of USD 24741 million.
Butadiene Market Segment Analysis — By Application
By application, the synthetic rubber segment is expected to have the largest growth share of over 48% in 2023 due to its application in the automotive industry and is expected to dominate the butadiene market size in the coming years. The butadiene is used as a major material for producing rubber and tires for various vehicles. Synthetic rubber has its application in industrial rubber, wires, belts, footwear, airplane tires, and surgical gloves. synthetic rubber segment. In the first three months of 2023, there was a positive and optimistic attitude in the Chinese market. After the Lunar New Year holidays, people began buying stocks again, leading to an increase in the prices of butadiene in China. There was a consistent demand for butadiene from industries that use it to make polymers and synthetic rubber in the Asian market.
Butadiene Market Segment Analysis- By End-Use Industry
Butadiene serves as a primary ingredient in the production of various synthetic rubbers and elastomers, including polybutadiene rubber (PBR), nitrile rubber (NR), styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), and polychloroprene (Neoprene). These materials are integral in the manufacturing of a diverse range of goods and raw materials. Notably, in the production of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) resin, which finds extensive applications in plastics manufacturing, butadiene-based rubber plays a pivotal role as a key component.
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Polybutadiene, in particular, is a commonly utilized material in tire manufacturing, with its production accounting for over 70% of tires manufactured globally. Its predominant use in tires is attributed to its effectiveness in sidewall construction, where it helps mitigate strain induced by continuous bending during operation. Consequently, the demand for butadiene in the automotive sector is projected to witness a notable increase in the foreseeable future.
By Geography — Segment Analysis
The Asia Pacific holds the largest share of around 48% in the butadiene market size, due to the major end-use industry in the region for the year 2023 and is expected to grow during the forecast period. The demand for butadiene is high in APAC nations due to rising automotive, construction, healthcare, and electronic applications. Butadiene products such as styrene butadiene rubber, polybutadiene, and others are majorly used in tires, automotive exhausts, conveyor belts, and others.The increasing demand for butadiene and its derivatives is likely to boost the growth in the market. Furthermore, China is emerging to dominate the butadiene market share owing to increased ethylene manufacturing preference in this region. Thus, the butadiene products will see a major growth owing to their rising dominance and application in various end-use industries, thereby creating a traction for the butadiene market in the forecast period. The Asia-Pacific region dominated the butadiene market. The downstream market in Asia-Pacific witnessed a huge spur in the past few years, owing to which the demand for butadiene has rapidly increased. China is one of the largest chemical manufacturing hubs in the world, with a wide range of industries. The Chinese butadiene market is expected to witness significant growth due to the presence of a large number of indigenous players.
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Drivers — Butadiene Market
An increase in Automotive productions in the forecast period is driving the demand for the Butadiene Market.
An increase in automotive production has boosted the global butadiene market. Various butadiene-derived products such as polybutadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, nitrile rubber, and others are used in automotive for production of the tires, conveyor belts, and other components. The acrylonitrile butadiene rubber resin is majorly used in automotive to reduce the weight of tires, due to the rising trend for lightweight tires and vehicle bodies. The component enhancements such as wear, rolling resistance, and traction make it a preferable option in the automotive industry. In India, there are 41 tire manufacturers and around 6,000 non-tire manufacturers producing seals, conveyor belts, and extruded and molded rubber profiles to be used in automotive, railway, defense, aerospace, and other applications.Thus, the increasing tire production and demand will create a major drive in the market and overall butadiene industry outlook.
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Rise of butadiene product derivatives for industrial and medical application
The growth of butadiene for medical applications will create a major drive in the butadiene market. The acrylonitrile butadiene styrene offers high strength, resistance, and performance, which makes it suitable for industrial, electronics, and medical uses. The growth of synthetic rubber-based gloves in pandemics has led to a major rise in demand for butadiene. The demand for acrylonitrile butadiene styrene is increasing owing to the application and demand from medical end-users such as respiratory devices, miniature implants, insulin pens, and others. For instance, STYROFAN by BASF has major applications as binders in building materials, carpet, construction, and others. Furthermore, the application of styrene-butadiene for coating applications of carpet backs, paper, and others will create a demand in the market, along with the rising usability of other derivatives in manufacturing, footwear, packaging, and other applications. Thus, the global butadiene market will see a drive owing to the various industrial and medical applications of the butadiene product in the forecast period.
Challenges — Recycled Polyethylene Terephthalate Market
Increasing health concerns and safety threats can create challenges to butadiene production
The butadiene has various applications in personal care, healthcare, and automotive. The rising health concerns regarding the exposure and carcinogenic presence can become a hindrance. According to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), the 1,3 butadiene is cited as a carcinogenic substance. Prolonged exposure can create issues such as headache, dizziness, leukemia, and cardiovascular problems. Thus, it will lead to a decrease in production and consumption of the butadiene, thereby creating a major challenge for the butadiene market due to health safety and halted production Market Landscape
Technology launches, acquisitions, and R&D activities are key strategies that are adopted by the dominant players in the market. Butadiene top 10 companies include:
1. Royal Dutch Shell Plc.
2. TPC Group Inc
3. BASF SE
4. ExxonMobil Chemical Company
5. Braskem
6. ENI S.p.a
7. LyondellBasell
8. Linde Group
9. LG Chem
10. Haldia Petrochemicals
Developments:
In In July 2022, Sinopec and INEOS Group announced agreements to collaborate on three joint ventures aimed at expanding the production of petrochemicals to help meet rising demand in China’s market. INEOS acquired 50% of Sinopec subsidiary SECCO Petrochemical Co. Ltd. ( which produces butadiene). INEOS and Sinopec will form a new 50–50 joint venture to focus on increasing China’s production capacity of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) by up to 1.2 million tons per year (tpy) via the construction of two new 300,000-tpy ABS plants.
In June 2022, BASF extended its series of Licity anode binders for Li-ion battery manufacturing. The second-generation styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) binder Licity 2698 X F facilitates the use of silicon contents exceeding 20%. The product also offers higher capacity, an increased number of charge/discharge cycles, and reduced charging times.
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