#dr murie

[toastedclownery]

Finally got all my oc refs for artfight! So here's a mw oc masterpost

[adizzyrandomking]

Forgot to post my artfight attacks just like how I forgot to announce that I was on artfight this year.

@themischievousronster @bluestarlights @toastedclownery @awwkie-dot-jar

[millilps-art]

one day i'll stop making random crossovers but that day is not today, so i present you:

Doctor Who × MonsterWash

[arthistoryanimalia]

For #ManateeAppreciationDay:

1. original watercolor by Joseph Wolf (German, 1820-1899) for ZSL, 1879 via ZSL Library 2. published version, plate 7 in Biologia Centrali-Americana: Mammalia, 1879-1882 via BHL

More info via ZSL Library: "Watercolour on paper, in window mount ; art - 35 x 27 cm., mount - 57.5 x 44.5 cm. Signed by artist in black paint in lower right corner: 'J. Wolf. 1879'." "Mss title in ink and pencil, in unidentified handwriting, on label pasted on mount: 'Manatee (Manatus americanus) from a specimen living in the Westminster Aquarium 1879. See PZS 1879'."

"According to the caption the painting was made of an animal living in Westminster Aquarium. A manatee - said to be Manatus americanus - was living in the Westminster Aquarium in 1879 and a note about it by Dr James Murie was published in 'PZS' 1879 : 552. This refers to Murie's forthcoming paper on that manatee based on observations of the great mobility of the upper lip and use of the limbs in feeding when it was living in the Aquarium and brain structure (after it died). This paper was published : Murie, J. (1880) 'Further observations on the manatee', 'TZS' 11 : 19-48 5 pls (by C. Berjeau). On p. 21-23 Murie states the adult female manatee was caught in a net on the Dauntless Bank, off the Island of Lequana, near the mouth of the Essiquibo River, British Guiana, taken to London and purchased by the Aquarium in June 1878. It died on 15 March 1879. Wolf's painting is [therefore] presumably of the West African manatee, Trichechus senegalensis."

🆔Manatee, likely West African Manatee (Trichechus senegalensis); Kingfisher, likely Giant Kingfisher (Megaceryle maxima)

FYI, there are three living species of manatee, and Wolf's illustration has gone through the confusion of first being misidentified as one, then another, before finally being correctly recognized as the third! More info on the blog:

[drconstellation]

Chiastic Structure of S2

The post preceding this is Chiastic Structure of S1.

S1 was neat, tidy and simple compared to S2.

S2 was...difficult. I have a feeling this is because of the missing minisodes. There felt like there were "holes" in places, where there was a strong scene with no corresponding pair, and yet in others there were single lines matching up.

You will also notice its quite...skewed? The hinging midpoint is right at the end of Ep4, which means the last two episodes mirror the preceding the four! So there are gaps. For example, the conversation in the pub in Ep2 doesn't match with anything specific.

One of the things I hoped it might shed some light on was the purpose of the trip to Edinburgh, which seems like a bit of a dead end. It does, in a way - I will discuss it a bit further below, along with some other parallels that didn't fit the structure.

A: Before the Beginning B: Aziraphale meets Crowley C: "How much trouble can I get into just for asking a few questions?"  D: "I'm very good at forgiveness. It's one of my favourite things." E: Gabriel: "I love you, you're funny" F: Argument about helping the other G: Crowley offered Duke of Hell position H: Crowley apologizes to Aziraphale I: Hiding of Gabriel - 25 Lazurii miracle J: Shax threatens Crowley K: Jobs children are turned into geckos M: Aziraphale's Trial by Temptation N: Aziracrow see God talking to Job: AZIRAPHALE: I don't suppose he's getting any answers. O: AZIRAPHALE: That sounds, um…CRAWLEY: Lonely? P: An angel asks permission for entry to the bookshop Q: Aziraphale makes unauthorized changes to the Bentley R: CROWLEY: Oh, come on, Mr. Dalrymple, it's not brain surgery! S: BARTENDER: You'll be one of those investigative reporters, no doubt? T: Aziraphale goes back to offer assistance to Elspeth and wee Morag U: Aziraphale stalls on saving wee Morag, says he doesn't have permission V: The laudanum toast to wee Morag W: AZIRAPHALE: Will you get into trouble? X: Crowley does Operation Lovebirds - Calls tempest Y: CROWLEY: "What are we talking about now?" GABRIEL: "Who am I? What's happened to me?" Z: Crowley confronts Gabriel about Aziraphale - Its always too late AA: Shax saying to Aziraphale she heard Aziracrow were an item 90 years ago BB: Zombies kill - 1st brain eaten CC: Crowley talks Aziraphale into performing a bigger magic act DD: Aziracrow shake on deal to do more miracles if needed EE: Zombies kill - 2nd Brain Eaten FF: The Staging of the Bullet Catch GG: Aziraphale gives permission for Furfur to enter the dressing room HH: Furfur says to expect a legion to come for Crowley in the morning II: Furfur's audience with the Dark Council, is treated condescendingly 

● SHADES OF GREY  - you said "TRUST ME."

II: Shax is stopped by Demon Josh, is treated condescendingly HH: Shax wants a legion to storm the bookshop GG: Beez asks if Shax has permission to enter the bookshop FF: AZIRAPHALE: I can guarantee you it will be a night to remember! EE: Shax wants killers, 10,000 demons DD: Deal for Dr Who Annual with Mr Arnold CC: AZIRAPHALE: Maggie and Nina are depending on me BB: 70 demons and a malignant and creeping sense of unease AA: Nina asks Crowley about how long he and Aziraphale have been together Z: Crowley confronts Gabriel about Aziraphale - stops him before its too late Y: Nina: "I’m going mad" - is spoken to by all the people at the Ball X: Aziraphale does Operation Lovebirds - Maggie asks Nina to dance W: AZIRAPHALE: I think you're overestimating how much trouble we're actually in. V: SHAX:… they are toast. T-O-S-T E. Toast. Now! U: Crowley stalls Shax on attacking humans, asks if she has permission T: Crowley says he's coming back, won't leave Aziraphale on his own. S: CROWLEY: Officer, I need to report a crime. R: Aziraphale: It all looks so simple in Jane Austen… the brains behind the 1810 Clerkenwell diamond robbery. Q: An unauthorized demon enters Heaven, changes P: Maggie gives permission for the demons to enter the bookshop O: MURIEL: It's a bit lonely. N: Aziraphale opens the portal to Heaven: GABRIEL: I told you you could ask. However, I am the only First-Order archangel in the room, or, you know, the Universe, so I'm not gonna answer so much. M: Gabriel's Trial K: Gabriel puts himself into the fly J: Aziraphale declares war on Hell I: Reveal of Gabriel - memories restored H: Gabriel apologizes to Beelzebub G: Aziraphale offered Supreme Archangel position F: Argument about helping the other E: The Big Damn Kiss D: "I forgive you" C: "Always asking damn fool questions, too."  B: Aziraphale leaves Crowley A: Beginning of  the End – Learn of Second Coming

Discussion on parallels that didn't fit the structure:

1. Crowley is given permission to destroy all of Job's possessions /  Gabriel refuses to give permission to destroy the Earth aka Armageddon II

There is a repeat emphasis on licenses, permits and authority throughout S2, so I really thought Crowley's permit to destroy of Job's possessions would have a match. It did, but it didn't fit the structure! If you look closely some of the other permits and authority lines do slot in. I'm planning some metas on these topics in the near future, as the use of language around these concepts is quite interesting, and there is some history to throw into the mix as well.

2. Crowley deceives the archangels with the help of an angel

This pair is a reference to Crowley and Aziraphale teaming up in the Job minisode to restore Job's children, and then Muriel aiding Crowley to sneak into Heaven. I'd just like to point out that Crowley could have gone to Heaven on his own - remember Eric went up with the hellfire in S1E6 - but he doesn't know where to go and get Gabriel's file, that is what he needs Muriel for.

3.  Popping up to Edinburgh

Ah, the trip to Edinburgh! Why? WHY!!! Why go all that way for ... nothing?

Guess what - it's a parallel sequence to Crowley popping up to Heaven.

I was going to write a companion piece to this but...my to do list is getting a bit long at the moment. Let me know if you want me to expand on it.

4. Ignoring messages

So this one started as "Nina gets txt messages from Lindsay, Mrs Sandwich says not to look at them," at the start of Ep3, then during the Ball Crowley is trying to lead the humans out of the bookshop and Shax confronts him with another bundle of mail. Crowley is succeeding in ignoring his messages from Hell, but Nina isn't.

5. Muriel and The Interrupted Tea Ceremony

In S2 it noticeable that everyone except Crowley needs permission to enter the bookshop, whereas in S1 they could just walk in. Originally I made a comment elsewhere that I thought this part matched with a sub-story to the Ball, the story of Sodom and Gomorrah and hospitality to angels, but then I came back and had another look and saw that there was a surface match - but I'm still going to do another post about the "cupperty" because it keeps getting lost in all the noise!

6. Threats and Declarations of War

Shax makes a number of threats throughout the series, to hunt Crowley down and to declare war on Aziraphale. So when Aziraphale inadvertently declares war on Hell with the halo toss, you'd think there would be a matching pair. There is, but not with a declaration of war, just a threat to Crowley. This is probably one of the weaker pairs.

7. Mysteriosity, audacity, ferocity and dangerocity

The Marvelous Mr Fell and his Mysteriosity has a pair with Shax's speech to her fellow demons about the unprecedented audacity of the attack on the bookshop, and how their lack of numbers will be made up for with their ferocity and...dangerocity. It should have fit, but it didn't.

[moderndaymadscientist]

Finally got around to making a fursona! It was a tough choice, but I eventually settled on a lab rat! Meet Dr. Muridae Norvegicus! Doc or Doctor also works, though! (Muri also works, but he won’t admit it.) Versions with goggles/mask below! Not sure how good a design it is, but I’m happy with it! :D

[simbiesimss]

New sim creation; meet Lydia!

Shoes: https://www.patreon.com/posts/dr-martens-jadon-94221926

Top: https://www.patreon.com/posts/rimings-vintage-93047420

Jacket: https://www.seoulsoul-sims.com/post/sims4-cc-boss-rider-jacket#google_vignette

Bag: https://www.patreon.com/posts/muri-set-6-items-86545372

Big thanks to all CC creators! <3

Ps. sorry i cant find the skirt :(

[littleeyesofpallas]

2023

2022

2021

2020

2019

Comic ZERO-SUM[コミック ゼロサム]

Koutei Heika no Senzoku Shishohime[皇帝陛下の専属司書姫]

Okaa-sama no Iutoori![お母様の言うとおり！]

Ouji-sama ni Dekiai Sarete Komattemasu[王子様に溺愛されて困ってます]

Sono Akuyaku Reijou wa Kouryakuhon wo Tazusaete iru[その悪役令嬢は攻略本を携えている]

Kuuki ga "yomeru" shinnyuushain to buaisou na senpai[空気が「読める」新入社員と無愛想な先輩]

Ayakashi Kazoku no Youko Reijou, Onmyouji to Seiryaku Kekkon suru[あやかし華族の妖狐令嬢、陰陽師と政略結婚する]

Tensei Oujo wa Ai yori Ryouchi ga Hoshii no de Seiryaku Kekkon wo Kibou shimasu![転生王女は愛より領地が欲しいので政略結婚を希望します！]

Ochikobore Shiro Madoushi CECILl wa Taishougai no Hazu deshita[落ちこぼれ白魔導士セシルは対象外のはずでした]

The disliked wife wants to divorce a hero general![嫌われ妻は、英雄将軍と離婚したい! ]

Binbou Danshaku Reijou no Ryouchi Kaikaku [貧乏男爵令嬢の領地改革]

The court lady of the emperor is hoped for as his bride[皇帝つき女官は花嫁として望まれ中]

Kami Sakka Murasaki Shikibu no Arienai Hibi [神作家・紫式部のありえない日々]

Let's go on the evil runway.[悪の華道を行きましょう]

THE DARK MAID DOMINATES![闇メイドが支配する！]

Kaseimadoushi no Isekaiseikatsu[家政魔導士の異世界生活]

Watashi no Oshi ga Kyou mo Saikou ni Toutoi node, Zenryoku de Shiawase ni suru![私の推しが今日も最高に尊いので、全力で幸せにする！]

Kamikatari ni Sayonara wo[神騙りにさよならを]

Teito Ayakashi Yashiki no Keiyaku Hanayome[帝都あやかし屋敷の契約花嫁]

Hime-sama, Muri Desu![姫様、無理です！]

Suterare Danshaku Reijou wa Kurokishi-sama no Oki ni Iri[捨てられ男爵令嬢は黒騎士様のお気に入り]

Imouto ni Konyakusha wo Toraretara, Juuna Ouji ni Kyuukon saremashita[妹に婚約者を取られたら、獣な王子に求婚されました]

Takabisha Koujo wa Damattenai[高飛車皇女は黙ってない]

Dekasegi Reijou no Konyaku Soudou Jiki Koushaku-sama wa Fianse ni Aisaretakute Hisshidesu.[出稼ぎ令嬢の婚約騒動　次期公爵様は婚約者に愛されたくて必死です。]

Ouhi-sama ga Otoko da to Kidzuita Watashi ga, Zenryoku de Inpei Kousakusasete Itadakimasu![王妃様が男だと気づいた私が、全力で隠蔽工��させていただきます！]

Okitsune-sama no Irui Konintan[お狐様の異類婚姻譚]

Koukyuu no Chouki wa Shichisai no Uranaishi[後宮の寵姫は七彩の占師]

Futsutsuka na Akujo dewa Gozaimasu ga[ふつつかな悪女ではございますが ]

I'm a cruel saint woman but i want to help my beloved husband. (However I am disliked by him)[悪虐聖女ですが、愛する旦那さまのお役に立ちたいです。（とはいえ、嫌われているのですが）]

My Next Life as a Villainess: All Routes lead to Doom![乙女ゲームの破滅フラグしかない悪役令嬢に転生してしまった…]

Princess of the Bibliophile[虫かぶり姫]

Ryukishi no Okiniiri[竜騎士のお気に入り]

Soku Taijou Shitai Wakiyaku na no ni, Netotte Shimatta Ouji-sama ga Nigashite Kuremasen[即退場したい脇役なのに、寝取ってしまった王子様が逃がしてくれません]

Kokuryuu Heika no Seiryaku Hanayome - Majo desu ga, Tasuketa Ryuu ni Yomeiri Saserare sou desu[黒竜陛下の政略花嫁 魔女ですが、助けた竜に嫁入りさせられそうです]

Douse Suterareru no nara, Saigo ni Suki ni Sasete Itadakimasu[どうせ捨てられるのなら、最後に好きにさせていただきます]

MODERN CINDERELLA DOES NOT DROP SHOESi.[昨今のシンデレラは靴を落とさない。]

Ochikobore Majo to Koi wo Shiranai Tensai Majutsushi[落ちこぼれ魔女と恋を知らない天才魔術師]

Paradox Live Stage Battle “COMIC”

HAIGAKURA[ハイガクラ]

Jamasha no Youdesuga, Ouji no Chuushoku wa Watashi ga Tsukuru Youdesu[邪魔者のようですが、王子の昼食は私が作るようです]

Sannengo Rikon suru Hazu ga, Naze ka Dekiaisaretemasu[三年後離婚するはずが、なぜか溺愛されてます]

Konyakusha ni Sobahi to shite Riyousareru Kurai Nara Majutsushi-sama no Houshou to narimasu[婚約者に側妃として利用されるくらいなら魔術師様の褒賞となります]

Please find this Love[どうかこの恋を見つけて]

MARIELLE CLARAC Engagement[マリエル・クララックの婚約]

YANKII Manga ni Tensei shitara Naze ka Souchou ni Ezukesareteimasu.[ヤンキー漫画に転生したら、何故か総長に餌付けされてます。]

Hikikomori Reijou wa Hanashi no wakaru Seijuuban[引きこもり令嬢は話のわかる聖獣番]

Job-Changing! Pritender Lady ⇀ Lovely Dr.[まがいもの令嬢から愛され薬師になりました]

Akuyaku no Goreisoku no Dounika shitai Nichijou[悪役のご令息のどうにかしたい日常]

Yobai wo Ketsui Shita Reijou desuga Machigaete RiIVAL Koushaku Otouto no BED ni Mogurikonde Shimaimashita[夜這いを決意した令嬢ですが間違えてライバル侯爵弟のベッドにもぐりこんでしまいました]

Mid Boss Lady wants to enjoy second life[中ボス令嬢は、退場後��人生を謳歌する（予定）。]

Koukyuuhi wa Ryuujin no Ikenie Hanayome Goshinsenzan Monogatari[後宮妃は龍神の生贄花嫁 五神山物語]

IKEMEN oneko wa Haruta ni Kawaretai [イケメンおねこは晴田に飼われたい]

And they lived happily ever after[嵌められましたが、幸せになりました　傷物令嬢と陽だまりの魔導師]

Juujin Kishi no Kyuuai Jijou[獣人騎士の求愛事情]

Kogitsune, Warawara Inarishin no Makanai Meshi Itadakimasutsu![こぎつね、わらわら　稲荷神のまかない飯　いただきますっ！]

LUCE and White Contract[ルーチェと白の契約]

Kare ni Irai shite wa ikemasen[彼に依頼してはいけません]

AYAKA Muzzle Flash Back!![あやか Muzzle Flash Back!!]

White of a wedding ceremony[花燭の白]

Tensei Shitara Akuyaku Reijou datta no de Hiki NEET ni narimasu[転生したら悪役令嬢だったので引きニートになります]

Higeki no Genkyou to naru Saikyou Gedou LASTBOSS Joou wa Tami no Tame ni Tsukushimasu. To the Savior[悲劇の元凶となる最強外道ラスボス女王は民の為に尽くします。 To The Savior]

Outaishi-hi ni nante naritakunai!! Konyakusha-hen[王太子妃になんてなりたくない!! 婚約者編]

It's always darkest before the dawn[何時何分地球が何回まわったら]

Akuyaku Reijou to Kichiku Kishi[悪役令嬢と鬼畜騎士]

ROYAL TAILOR ―Oukyuu no Saihoushi―[ロイヤルテーラー　―王宮の裁縫師―]

Kokou no Bocchi Reijou wa Hatsukoi Ouji ni Furaretai[孤高のぼっち令嬢は初恋王子にふられたい]

Kage no Eiyuu no Chiyugakari[影の英雄の治癒係]

Oni no Tsumadoi[鬼の妻問い]

KO-SERUTERU no Ryuujutsushi ~Kotatsu Boukenki~[コーセルテルの竜術士～子竜冒険記～]

Kami KUZU ☆ IDOL[神クズ☆アイドル]

She is addicted to him and vice versa[姫君は若き将軍に溺れる]

Kiniro no CORDA STARLIGHT ORCHESTRA[金色のコルダ スターライトオーケストラ]

Saiyuki RELOAD BLAST[最遊記RELOAD BLAST]

Kotonakare Reijou no Oishii Keiyaku Jijou ~Konyaku Haki wo Saretara, Outaishidenka to Gohan-ya wo Suru koto ni Narimashita!?~[事なかれ令嬢のおいしい契約事情 ～婚約破棄をされたら、王太子殿下とごはん屋をすることになりました!?～]

Fiance of Wizard[魔法使いの婚約者 ～Eternally Yours～]

Three days of the countess who found out she is a decoy[一目惚れと言われたのに実は囮だと知った伯爵令嬢の三日間]

A Love story in Virtual Reailty[VRおじさんの初恋]

Juujin-taichou no (Kari) Konyaku Jijou[獣人隊長の（仮）婚約事情]

[m1totopunyaberita]

Politik kemarin, Rekor MURI gelar terbanyak hingga pencopotan Camat

"Rakor yang ada di Sentul tanggal 7 (November) itu adalah sebetulnya menyampaikan visi misi pemerintah, terutama Bapak Presiden tentang apa yang harus dikerjakan, karena kami selama di Magelang sudah cukup memahami ke mana visi misi Pak Presiden yang

Jakarta (ANTARA) - Sejumlah pemberitaan di Kanal Politik, Kamis (31/10) masih menarik disimak, mulai dari Jenderal TNI Angkatan Darat Mayjen TNI Budi Pramono berhasil memecahkan rekor MURI gelar akademik terbanyak hingga pencopotan Camat Baito tak terkait guru Supriyani.

Berikut beberapa berita yang dapat dibaca untuk menemani aktivitas pagi Anda.

Jenderal TNI AD pecahkan rekor MURI raih gelar akademik terbanyak

Jakarta (ANTARA) - Jenderal bintang dua TNI Angkatan Darat Mayjen TNI Budi Pramono berhasil memecahkan rekor MURI sebagai prajurit TNI AD yang memiliki gelar akademik dan kompetensi terbanyak di Indonesia.

Dalam rentang waktu 30 tahun lebih, Mayjen TNI Associate Prof. Dr. Budi Pramono, S. I. P., S. H., M. A., M.M., M. H., (GSC)., CIQaR., CIQnR., MOS., MCE., CIMMR., mengoleksi 12 gelar akademik dan sertifikasi kompetensi dari berbagai bidang ilmu mulai dari Ilmu Politik, Ilmu Hukum, Ilmu Ekonomi, dan Pertahanan dan Keamanan dari kampus-kampus ternama dalam negeri dan luar negeri.

Selengkapnya klik di sini

Sebanyak 93 imigran Rohingya mendarat di Aceh Timur

Banda Aceh (ANTARA) - Sebanyak 93 imigran etnis Rohingya ditemukan mendarat di pesisir Pantai Desa Meunasah Hasan, Kecamatan Madat, Kabupaten Aceh Timur, Provinsi Aceh.Kepala Bidang Politik Pemerintahan dan Keamanan Badan Kesatuan Bangsa dan Politik Kabupaten Aceh Timur Syamsul Bahri di Aceh Timur, Kamis, mengatakan puluhan imigran etnis Rohingya ditemukan mendarat pada Kamis (31/10) sekira pukul 04.00 WIB.Berita utuh di sini

[cacatoto-2024]

Dr. Ir. Harris Turino Kurniawan, M.Si., M.M. atau lebih dikenal dengan nama Harris Turino saja, (lahir 15 Juli 1968) adalah seorang politisi dari PDIP, pengusaha, dan akademisi. Ia menjadi terkenal saat berhasil lulus doktoral di UI dengan predikat cumlaude dan meraih rekor MURI sebagai lulusan Doktor Manajemen Stratejik tercepat

[paginadepsihologie]

🎂 Azi o celebrăm pe Elisabeth Kübler-Ross.

Cartea autoarei, „Despre moarte și a muri“, are astăzi preț special, cu 26% reducere față de prețul afișat.

[toastedclownery]

I'll be joining artfight this year with my monkey wrench ocs! You might have seen some of them if you're in the mw oc server, and some of them are new :)

I'm still setting them up right now

[lintasbatasindonesia]

Sespim Lemdiklat Polri Gelar Kegiatan Pemberian Rekor MURI Untuk Literasi dan Art Policing Lukisan

  Jakarta – Bertempat di Lapangan Djayusman Sespim Lemdiklat Polri, seluruh pejabat, staff, dan Peserta Didik Sespim Lemdiklat Polri mengikuti kegiatan upacara.  Kasespim Lemdiklat Polri Irjen Pol. Prof. Dr. Chryshnanda Dwilaksana, M.Si., memimpin kegiatan upacara yang digelar dalam rangka HUT Bhayangkara ke-78. Dengan mengusung tema “Polri presisi mendukung percepatan transfotmasi ekonomi yang…

[justiceforsurvivors94]

Kwibuka30: Ubutumwa Bw'IGICUMBI-Ijwi ry'Abarokotse Jenoside Yakorewe Abatutsi

Mu ijambo rye, Dr. Filipo Basabose, umuyobozi w’ishyirahamwe Igicumbi, arasesengura amateka ya jenoside n’ingaruka zayo ku bacitse ku icumu mu magambo atomoye, ariko abenshi dukunda kuvugira mu matamatama! Uyu mwarimu wa kaminuza muri Canada, agaruka ku bintu 5 ahamya ko byahumye amaso abatutsi bari mu gihugu, ntibabashe gusoma neza ibimenyetso bya Jenoside yategurwaga. Dr. Basabose aragira…

[spacenutspod]

3 Min Read Mighty MURI brings the heat to test new longwave infrared radiometer – Credits: Leonardo Diagnostic/Retrieval Systems PROJECT Multiband Uncooled Radiometer Instrument (MURI) SNAPSHOT NASA’s new Multiband Uncooled Radiometer Instrument (MURI) features a novel bolometer that detects infrared radiation without a cryogenic cooler, greatly reducing the cost and complexity of dispatching infrared radiometers into low-Earth orbit. First-light data from NASA’s new Multiband Uncooled Radiometer Instrument (MURI) shows its novel, uncooled microbolometer is operational, setting the stage for future space missions dedicated to observing Earth’s surface temperature with a cost-effective instrument.  MURI, which was launched into low-Earth orbit in January 2023, is not NASA’s first space-based infrared radiometer, but it is one of NASA’s smallest. MURI flies through space at roughly seven kilometers per second as a hosted payload on Loft Orbital’s YAM5 platform. During its technology validation mission, MURI will demonstrate a state-of-the-art microbolometer thermal imager that functions without a cryogenic cooler. This unique technology could become the foundation of future science missions dedicated to observing phenomena like volcanic activity. Bolometers detect infrared radiation in the form of heat and do not require cryogenic operation. These components are extremely sensitive to changes in temperature. Traditional space-based thermal sensors rely on bulky cryogenic coolers to remain at a constant temperature of about -300 degrees Fahrenheit. Cryogenic coolers add a lot of mass to space instruments. For example, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), a space-based infrared radiometer serving aboard NASA’s Aqua and Terra satellites, weighs more than 500 pounds. By contrast, MURI only weighs only about 12 pounds. While its microbolometer still needs to be held at a constant temperature to maintain accuracy in space, that temperature can be room temperature. In airborne and laboratory tests, MURI achieved an absolute radiometric accuracy of around 1%, which is considered world-class for longwave infrared radiometers of any size, and first-light data suggests the instrument performs just as well within the rigors of space.  As depicted in this image, MURI underwent flight testing over the California coast in 2022, prior to its launch in into low-Earth orbit in January 2023. Weighing just 12 pounds, MURI will be capable of gathering infrared data with high precision. Credit: Leonardo Diagnostic/Retrieval Systems MURI’s initial observations suggest the instrument can measure the Earth surface temperature at a sensitivity as low as 123 millikelvin, which is comparable to existing Landsat instruments. Creating an instrument so accurate and yet so compact required some innovative engineering. Philip Ely, Senior Director of Engineering at Leonardo Diagnostic/Retrieval Systems (DRS) and Principal Investigator for MURI, was especially concerned with image smear, a common issue with space-based remote sensors that collect high-resolution data. “Our approach to solving this problem was to mount the bolometer focal plane array on a piezo stage, and then move the stage at the same velocity as the image to effectively stabilize the image on the focal plane array,” said Ely. Through its Earth Science Technology Office, NASA worked with Leonardo DRS to transform MURI from an airborne instrument prototype to a spaceborne instrument in just 18 months. Partnering with private companies to develop and demonstrate space-based instruments helps NASA reduce the amount of time and resources necessary to produce cutting-edge science. Ely and his team presented a more detailed report describing MURI’s initial test results at the 2023 International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS) conference in Pasadena, CA. PROJECT LEAD Philip Ely, Director of Engineering, Leonardo DRS SPONSORING ORGANIZATION Earth Science Division’s In-Space Validation of Earth Science Technologies (InVEST) Program; ESD’s Instrument Incubation Program (IIP) Share Details Last Updated Dec 19, 2023 Related Terms Earth Science Science-enabling Technology Technology Highlights