#diurna answers

[diurnalvl]

Hi, hello, I love your art! Do you have VoxVel headcanons? 👀

here's one: velvette struggles to get ready on time, since she's constantly in a whirlwind of reinventing the wheel style-wise. so, when they're on their way to an event she might need any number heat tools to restyle her hair. vox, loving her to the point of creation, has reformatted some of his ports to let her use them anywhere without an outlet. he can use his mouth, too, but he likes to talk.

[coda-90]

The Evolution of Social Standards

by Durga Kulkarni.

Psychological Evolution

Why do Social Opinions matter?

Social Expectations

Social Organisations

Psychological Evolution

What is it?

Psychological Evolution, or Evolutionary psychology has roots in Cognitive Psychology and Evolutionary Biology.[1] It focuses on how evolution has shaped the mind and its behavior. It also concentrates on how the main purpose of our lives has shifted, from survival, to contentment. Additionally, it helps us in understanding why we humans behave the way we do, and what are the underlying instincts that we are unaware of which is making us do these things. It also states the importance of human interaction and connection in our lives.

When it comes to human interactions, there are a few default archetypes noticed in each interaction, them being: exchanging information, opinions and expectations. In today's world, during a healthy conversation, we tend to follow these archetypes, for the sake of adding simplicity, purpose and direction to the conversation. This is where social opinions and expectations start affecting us.

Initially, due to the hierarchy that used to exist in the tribes, conversations were very minimal and reserved, but as the tribes kept splitting, and more exchange of information was needed, the people realized that they needed a proper language for their convenience.

The “Pooh-Pooh theory” holds that speech originated from spontaneous human cries and exclamations; the 'Yo-He-Ho theory' suggests that language developed from grunts evoked by physical exertion; while the 'Sing-Song theory/La- La Theory' claims that speech arose from primitive ritual chants and playful songs.[2]

By the time of the Roman civilization, the hierarchy amongst men was very much visible, and was put to use. Along that period, the importance of exemplary words and literature was noticed, and was worked upon by involving a new change bringing item in all the civilians and senators lives; Newspapers (Acta Diurna (Daily Events)). In these newspapers, multiple things were mentioned, including the next political event, the victories. They even had an obituary section in their newspapers. Along with all this information, slowly opinions started seeping into the texts. These opinions helped people in creating a judgment for voting.[3]

By 1600, the social hierarchy was divided into six parts; Monarchy, Nobility, Gentry, Merchants, Yeomen and the Labourers. Due to this, if any judgement was to be made, it would have largely been based on rank.[4]

Then by, about the 1800’s, the social hierarchy was divided into three parts; Upper class, Middle class and the Working class. The Upper class used to consist of the Aristocrats, Nobles, Dukes and other wealthy families working in the Victorian courts.The Middle class consisted of industrial revolutionaries, who have changed our lives. The Working class, lowest among the Victorian social hierarchy were the working class. This class remained aloof to the political progress of the country and was hostile to the other two classes. This working class was further categorised as the skilled workers and the unskilled workers.[5]

In the 2000’s, the hierarchy merged and divided into five social classes; Upper, Upper-Middle, Middle, Working and Lower class. This did not cause as much difference and conflicts as the other classes did in the past. But something else did.

Why do Social Opinions matter?

“Social influence is the process by which individuals adapt their opinion, revise their beliefs, or change their behavior as a result of social interactions with other people.”[6]

When we are in the presence of other people, we like to blend in. To blend in, we abide by a few social norms. These norms help us maintain a calm, mannered and composed personality throughout the day. These norms turn into expectations, expectations turn into opinions and opinions turn into reality. These opinions and expectations, when pondered upon, seem quite irrational, but due to these opinions and expectations being around for a long time, we have grown to accept them, and to some extent, even like them. But then why question it?

The reason being that these opinions and expectations ARE in fact quite irrational and toxic.

Interdependence

We follow these opinions and expectations because we are living in a society that entirely works on being Interdependent. Interdependence is the state of being dependent upon one another (Mutual dependence/Interdependence). For eg. We depend on our neighbours and they depend on us to be welcoming and decent.

To abide by the social expectation of being decent, we usually follow the societal idea of “Decency”, which is being calm, reserved, polite, helpful, straightforward and clean.

Also, other people's evaluations of us is both crucial and necessary to impact behavioral changes, which is what ultimately allows us to gain professionally and personally.

Social Expectations

Each social situation entails its own particular set of expectations about the “proper” way to behave. Social roles are the ‘part people play as members of a social group’. With each social role you adopt, your behavior changes to fit the expectations both you and others have of that role. There are 7 main types of societal roles; Leader, Knowledge Generator, Connector, Follower, Moralist, Enforcer, and Observer.[7]

To explain these roles, we will take a problematic social situation into consideration, to show what exactly each role does.

Leader: Proposes strategies and techniques to conquer a problematic situation. (Leader of a country)

Knowledge Generator: Shares information about the status of the situation. (Advisory)

Connector: Transmits the decisions made by the leader or opinions of other roles. (Media)

Follower: Follows a leader. (Politics)

Moralist: Looks for fair shares for all the other roles. (Law)

Enforcer: Punishes the behavior of other roles. (Army)

Observer: Shares information about the compliance of the behavior of other roles, as well as the role who answers to another observer's request about information about other roles. (General crowd)

We as human beings keep on switching between these roles according to the situation. With these roles, there can be unsaid expectations. Most of the time these expectations are rather helpful than problematic, though there are exceptions. But these exceptions occur only when there’s excess of Destructive criticism, Stratification, Peer Pressure and Mass Hysteria.

Destructive Criticism

Destructive criticism is defined as criticism performed with the intention to harm, derogate and destroy someone's creation, prestige, reputation and self-esteem. It's meant to ridicule, damage and bring the person down.

It is very common on social media. Sometimes it even occurs with your closest peers.

Stratification

Social stratification refers to a society's categorization of its people into rankings of socioeconomic hierarchy based on factors like wealth, income, race, education, sex, and power. The people who have more resources represent the top layer of the social structure of stratification.

This is also widely noticed in public spaces such as schools.

Peer Pressure

Peer pressure is the influence displayed by people within the same social group. It is also the term used to describe the effect this influence has on a person to agree to in order to be accepted by the group. Sometimes peer pressure is used to positively influence people, but most of the time it’s not. Many adolescents fall into the trap of Peer Pressure.

Mass Hysteria

Mass hysteria is a phenomenon that conveys collective illusions of threats, whether real or imaginary, through a population and society as a result of rumors and fear. Mass hysteria occurs anywhere at any time. This is very common during global pandemic.

Social Organisations

In sociology, a social organization is a pattern of relationships between and among individuals and social groups. Characteristics of social organization can include qualities such as sexual composition, spatiotemporal cohesion, leadership, division of labor, communication systems, and so on.

These are the most noticed basis for the Social Organisations; Religion, Gender, Race and Monetary status.

Religion

Religion affects human beings very much. It is the root and base for our mental growth and morals. Religion is a very controversial topic to talk about. Many of them involve multitudes of intricate rituals.

Religions are based on philosophies by spiritual people. These philosophies are more of lifestyles, and when people follow a religion they completely imbibe it, no matter what. This changes their outlook towards social interactions and social opinions. This causes a difference in everyone’s knee-jerk reactions associated with different situations.

Gender

There has always been inequality between the female and male gender. This is called Sexism. Sexism is prejudice or discrimination based on one's sex or gender. Sexism can affect anyone, but it primarily affects women and girls. It has been linked to stereotypes and gender roles. This means in many countries there aren’t equal human rights for both the genders. Even though in few countries there may be basic equal rights for both the genders there always is one favored gender and things like salary and weight of opinion is not the same for the favored gender.

Race

Racism is the belief that groups of humans possess different behavioral traits according to physical appearance and can be stratified based on the superiority of one race over another. It may also mean prejudice, discrimination, or hate directed against other people because they are of a different race or ethnicity. Modern Racism is often based in social perceptions of biological differences between people. These views can take the form of social behaviour, practices or beliefs, or political systems in which different races are supposed as ingrained superior or inferior to each other, based on assumed similar inheritable traits, or qualities.

Monetary status

The Monetary status of people has an influence on decisions made by law. It also gives them unrequited privilege to commit minor or major crimes, and evade the consequences. This brings a sentiment of power and pride in them, which then gives them a sense of togetherness.

In summary, this write up covers up the basic Evolution of Communication, the importance of abiding to Social Norms, the Seven basic types of Social Roles, Compelling Social Ideologies that change the perspective of the human mind, and the differences that bring humans together.

[sambalod-patrick-simon18]

LET US TALK ABOUT THE EVOLUTION OF TRADITIONAL AND NEW MEDIA!

Through generations to generations media is evolving. The media is becoming more advance, and a lot easier than before. The media is used to communicate, share and gather information that helps people to understand and learn new possibilities. Today we will talk about the EVOLUTION OF TRADITIONAL and NEW MEDIA. 

At the early age, called Pre-Industrial Age (before 1700s) people during that age discovered fire. This is the Age in the history were people developed papers from plant, people learned how to make weapons and tools from stone, bronze, copper and iron. And because of these discoveries people learned the use of media. There are tons of crafts that are made at this age:

Cave Paintings (35,000 BC)

Cave tablets in Mesopotamia (2400 BC)

Papyrus in Egypt (2500 BC)

Acta Diurna in Rome (130BC) 

At Industrial Age, this is the age that people learned the power of steam, they developed machine tools, the production of iron and many products especially the production of books by the process of printing press. People at this age are becoming more innovative, and the media in this age is evolving fast. The production of books is the essential thing they made because of this, information will spread fast and the negative side will be, if the information in those books were reliable or not. This is the age where mass production of machines are developing, and examples of those are: 

Printing Press for Mass Production (19th cent)

Newspaper (The London Gazette in 1640)

Typewriter (1800)

Telephone (1876)

Motion Picture Photography/Projection (1890)

Commercial Motion Pictures (1913)

Motion Picture with Sound (1926)

Telegraph

Punch Cards

The third age of the evolution of media is the Electronic Age. This is the age, where electricity joined the machines. The electricity will give power and generates the machines. Because of electricity, electronic devices are made just like transistor, radio, electric circuits, and early computers and the most important thing is that long communication made easier. The long communication is a struggle because the sharing of information is slow, but because of the electronic devices powered by electricity, sharing and gathering information is easier. This is the age where transistor became an answer to communication and media. 

Last but not the least, this is the age that we are living now and it is the Information Age. This where INTERNET is developed. Internet became the key to faster and easier communication. Internet is a computer network containing massive information that will help people’s knowledge. This is the age where social media is being developed, it is used to communicate to different places. The microelectronics are made such as phones, laptops, personal computers, and more. The use of voice, sound, and images are being digitalized. It is the age where information are accessible to everyone. Examples of software used for communication: 

Web Browsers

Social Networks 

Microblogs 

Youtube (2005) 

AR/VR 

Video Chat 

Search Engines

Portable Computers

And this will conclude and end the discussion. :)

[alexandru-olteanu-maij]

What is Journalism?

Information Gathering & Analysis I: What is Journalism?

Photography Source: rss.org.uk

To simply answer the question of “What is Journalism?”, is the professional way of presenting factual information, such as news which has always been the core of journalism. This is still the way some people see it today & how they are a specific audience for a certain style of journalism. This is because journalism has several types & roles. 

By definition, “Journalism is the collection, preparation, and distribution of news and related commentary and feature materials through such print and electronic media as newspapers, magazines, books, blogs, webcasts, podcasts, social networking and social media sites, and e-mail as well as through radio, motion pictures, and television. The word journalism was originally applied to the reportage of current events in printed form, specifically newspapers, but with the advent of radio, television, and the Internet in the 20th century the use of the term broadened to include all printed and electronic communication dealing with current affairs.”

Source: britannica.net

Journalism has changed drastically over the last few decades & with time, so did audiences. By having broad types of journalism, the way audiences consume content changes as well. From Ancient Rome, the Acta Diurna translated as the daily public records are known as the earlier form of journalism, carved on stone or metal presented in public places around Rome. Contrasted to mobile phones today where we have almost all forms of journalism at our fingertips & also the potential to be a journalist from anywhere around the world.

What is a Journalist?

“The term ‘journalist’ includes journalists and other media workers. Journalism is defined in document CCPR/C/GC/34, para. 44, as a function shared by a wide range of actors, including professional full-time reporters and analysts, as well as bloggers and others who engage in forms of self-publication in print, on the Internet or elsewhere.”

Source: UN Secretary General’s 2017 report on Safety of Journalists A/72/290

In-Class Exercise (Define a Journalist)

A blogger? A blogger is someone that posts on a blog, with a more personal perspective. Blogging has a lot of themes and niches that bloggers can cover without taking any journalistic practices into consideration when presenting their content. A journalist can be a blogger but by presenting a wider perspective on things depending on the niche. Not all bloggers are journalists, but all journalists are bloggers.

Citizen Writer? Citizen journalism is a specific form of journalism also known as collaborative media or street journalism that focuses on disseminating news & information. Citizen journalism can also be linked with blogging and does not necessarily encompass professional journalism, but it can generate a lot of influence through various social media platforms.

An example of a citizen journalist that I follow on a daily basis when it comes to political news from Romania is Mălin Bot a fully independent journalist with 28 years of experience in the field with a background in investigative journalism. Since becoming independent, Mălin Bot has focused on analysing & dissecting the activities of everything that government officials, media & corporations linked with the government are doing that are not in favour of the citizens of Romania.

Photography Source: Mălin Bot

Writer? In the broad sense, being a writer is less specific, for example, a book writer. From a journalistic point of view, all journalists are writers as the content produced is written to begin with, from planning to execution of various projects & ideas. This can be also linked with blogging.

Press Officer? A press officer is the main contact for the media that represents an organisation. It carries a wide range of responsibilities within PR, but at the core, a press officer is a journalist.

Fake News Purveyor? Unfortunately, fake news is still news and it is journalism. This is the bad side of journalism that has been around for a long time, but in recent years due to the massive growth of social media and the ease of accessibility of fake news purveyors to consumers, it has become more of a problem than before. Fake news is not regulated or controlled when it comes to the internet & that is why it is more popular within online media than Television, Radio or Print as these have layers of regulations & checks.

Activist? Activist journalists possibly view themselves as activists first & journalists second. This can have both good & bad consequences, as being an activist first means there is an agenda involved with strong opinions. The good side of being an activist journalist can be that it gets certain consumers involved in important events & causes. Certain issues covered can have an inspirational movement on people to take action.

Government Employee? A journalist as a government employee can serve the purpose of government personal relations, similar to being a press officer for various organisations. This is the opposite of being a watchdog journalist & are in a constant battle with each other. The demise of watchdog journalism & the promotion of government employees as journalists can have a devastating effect on a grand scale. A perfect example of this is in China and how the demise of watchdog journalism has helped build the image of Xi Jinping & CCP in a positive light by eliminating the free journalistic competition.*

*Source: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/04/27/opinion/watchdog-journalism-china-oppression.html

Who or What is a Journalist?

With journalism having a lot of branches, it has to determine who or what a journalist is, but by definition, a journalist is a multi-skilled professional that focuses on gathering & presenting information in different forms of media. The same can be said about the role of journalists, as there are several branches within the profession. It can be a watchdog & also an entertainer, it all depends on the audience. Audiences build journalists & their work bring in an audience.

The 3 Functions of Journalists:

Observe the relevant facts and ask good questions to the right people.

Understand the observations and answers in context.

Explain these findings well to others.

5 Defining Functions of Journalism:

Current or recent events as subject matter.

The breadth of the audience (which in turn implies a concern for accessible or engaging language and forms).

Attempted ascertainment of factual accuracy.

Independence (connoting an arms-length interest in the publication itself versus direct benefit from the consequences of what is published).

Involves original work (as opposed to mere linking or replication).

Art Source: medium.com

[diurnalvl]

And a question from our sponsors, Vitter! A user, going by the name dusthoe696 and blingboomcherry asked a question,

“Velvette, when are you going to make a wig for the ugly ass moth pimp? His head’s reflection is still blinding us from looking at his shitty clothes.”

velvette and valentino just need to get it out of their systems. i think.

[diurnalvl]

Do you have any VoxVel or PolyVees fanfic recs? (Absolutely love your art btw and Especially Love the way you draw Velvette <3 )

you seem like a Velvette fan so im going to prioritise her. there is a terrible dearth of shippy content with her, so i've included some platonic fics that you can squint at.

oversized jackets and the worry that comes with them by Erin_kate is this wonderful fic, part of a series, which covers Velvette's struggles with ED through Vox's point of view. although it isn't tagged as ship there's definitely a read for it, as they're this constant support for each other despite their difficulties. i made fanart for it which you can spot in chapter 1 of snippets of a life worth leading's comment section. however, if you're a Val fan, he isn't the kindest here.

@voxofficial snapped lmao by ckret2, though not tagged as the ship, it's an excellent, hilarious character piece if you're looking for a dynamic and alive relationship between the three of them. it's Velvette's POV as she discusses Vox's Alastor/Pentious Theory Board. Val rocks up halfway through and they're a wonderful romp.

Revelations in Technicolor by Awesome_Possum is domestic and lovely, yet they're still as awful as they should be. in this work, Vox opens up about his past to the rest of the Vees, Velvette's POV.

system takeover by Subedarling, where Velvette has to save Vox and Val when they get kidnapped. shes kicks so much ass in this and the attached art is wonderful. tagged Voxval, but there's a PolyVees read.

blue light dreams by MorningsOfGold get into how hard running a media empire is, and how stressful it can get for Velvette. they snap at each other, but Vox and Val come take care of her when she has a bit of a breakdown. lovely, fluffy PolyVees.

BELOW THE CUT FOR WORKS WITH NSFW

Silken Sparks by passthevoxcord despite just being pwp, there's this injected worldbuilding and discussion of their polyamory and leaves off on a delightfully lewd and loving note. particularly, this author plays with how velvette, a younger woman, would click with Vox and Val's kneejerk dated views in fascinating ways. the main scene is VoxVel, though.

Family Business by passthevoxcord another one of this author. sorry they just always always have fascinating velvette subtext in their smut :( (im not sad about this) !!! in this Velvette considers her own rough childhood and how, almost guiltily, she loves to play house with Vox and Val. the main event is PolyVees but Vox is the hinge so VoxVel and VoxVal. size and age kink. good for them.

[diurnalvl]

YOUR ART IS SO YUMMY PSLSLLPSLPS

im flattered!

[diurnalvl]

what brush do you use to draw :]

oh i love this question because i have the jankiest art style. i use medibang right now (can't be bothered pirating csp again) and this is my current set up:

alcohol marker, but make it as wide as possible so im just drawing with a square brush

and fill tool!! which, in medibang, equivlent to lasso tool. i use this to render along with my one true love

which is the same but it erases things, it's got functionality to penetrate all layers so i use it to viciously carve out my sketches.

i also use airbrush and effect brushes to do whatever <3 but they're standard.