#consequences of untreated hypothyroidism

[mihikavasant]

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

Obstructive sleep apnea affects approximately 936 million adults worldwide and can lead to serious complications for the heart, kidneys, and metabolism if left untreated. Dental health plays a significant role in diagnosing and managing sleep apnea. Dentists often spot early signs, such as worn tooth surfaces and enlarged tongues, making regular dental check-ups crucial for early detection and intervention of this potentially life-threatening condition. This post explains obstructive sleep apnea's symptoms, causes, and treatments.

What is Sleep Apnea?

Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by repeated pauses in breathing during sleep. These pauses, called apneas, can last from a few seconds to a few minutes and may occur 30 times or more per hour. Sleep apnea is a serious condition that can have significant health consequences if left untreated.

The Link Between Sleep Apnea and Dental Health

Dental health and sleep apnea are closely related, and various dental problems might result from sleep apnea:

Mouth Breathing: Frequent in those with sleep apnea, dries out the mouth, decreases saliva, and raises the risk of gum disease and tooth decay.

CPAP Equipment: Using Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) equipment can lead to dry mouth.

Bruxism: Tooth wear and jaw pain can be caused by bruxism (teeth grinding), frequently linked to sleep apnea.

Dentists can assist in diagnosing sleep apnea by looking for symptoms such as a swollen tongue and worn tooth surfaces. They can also suggest oral gadgets to help maintain airway patency while you sleep, making them crucial in identifying sleep apnea symptoms during dental visits.

Three Main Types of Sleep Apnea

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): The most common type, occurring when the airway becomes blocked during sleep, usually by the relaxation of the tongue and throat muscles.

Central Sleep Apnea (CSA): Occurs when the brain fails to signal the muscles to breathe, often due to a medical condition affecting the central nervous system.

Complex Sleep Apnea Syndrome (CompSAS): A combination of both obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea.

Causes of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Several potential causes and risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea include:

Obesity: Excess weight, especially around the neck and upper body, is a major risk factor for OSA. The extra weight can put pressure on the airway, making it more likely to collapse during sleep.

Upper Airway Anatomy: Certain anatomical features, such as a large tongue, small jaw, or large tonsils and adenoids, can contribute to airway obstruction.

Aging: As we get older, the muscles in the throat tend to relax more during sleep, increasing the risk of OSA.

Genetics: Research suggests a genetic component to OSA, with certain individuals being more predisposed to the condition.

Alcohol and Sedative Use: Consuming alcohol or taking sedatives before bedtime can relax the throat muscles and worsen OSA.

Nasal Congestion: Conditions that cause nasal congestion, such as allergies or a deviated septum, can contribute to OSA by making it harder to breathe through the nose.

Medical Conditions: Certain medical conditions, such as hypothyroidism, acromegaly, and Marfan syndrome, can increase the risk of developing OSA.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Symptoms

The main signs of obstructive sleep apnea include:

Loud & Frequent Snoring: Often the first and most noticeable symptom of OSA.

Pauses in Breathing During Sleep: Family members or bed partners may notice periods where the person stops breathing for a few seconds or longer.

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness: People with OSA often feel excessively tired during the day, even after a full night’s sleep.

Difficulty Concentrating: Fragmented sleep caused by OSA can make it hard to focus and concentrate during the day.

Morning Headaches: Many people with OSA experience persistent headaches upon waking.

Irritability and Mood Changes: The lack of quality sleep can lead to mood swings, irritability, and depression.

Decreased Libido: OSA can also contribute to a decrease in sexual desire and function.

If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to speak with a healthcare provider, as they may indicate the presence of obstructive sleep apnea.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Treatment

Obstructive sleep apnea is a chronic condition that requires ongoing management. The primary goals of OSA treatment are to improve breathing during sleep, reduce the number of apnea events, and alleviate associated symptoms. The most popular therapies for OSA consist of:

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Therapy: Considered the gold standard treatment for moderate to severe OSA. It involves using a machine that delivers a steady flow of air through a mask worn during sleep, keeping the airway open and preventing apnea events.

Oral Appliance Therapy: For mild to moderate OSA, an oral appliance, such as a mandibular advancement device, can be used. These devices work by positioning the lower jaw slightly forward, which helps keep the airway open during sleep.

Surgery: In some cases, surgery may be recommended to treat OSA. Surgical options include removing or reshaping excess tissue in the throat, widening the nasal airway, or repositioning the jaw. Other options are tried first, and surgery is recommended only as a last resort.

Lifestyle Changes: Making lifestyle changes can also help manage OSA. This may include weight loss, avoiding alcohol and sedatives before bedtime, and maintaining a regular sleep schedule.

Takeaway

Obstructive sleep apnea ranges from mild to severe based on the number of episodes that occur in an hour. More than 90% of individuals identify obstructive sleep apnea by its snoring symptom. Untreated OSA can cause severe health complications, so consult with healthcare providers if you identify any symptoms. Getting treated in the mild stage of OSA can help avoid serious health complications.

[apollo-homecare]

Everything You Need to Understand About High Cholesterol

Cholesterol is a form of lipid. Your liver creates this waxy, fat-like material naturally. It is essential for developing cell membranes, some hormones, and vitamin D.

Cholesterol cannot dissolve in water; therefore, it cannot pass through your blood. Your liver creates lipoproteins to assist in transporting cholesterol.

Lipoproteins are particles composed of fat and protein. They transport cholesterol and triglycerides (another form of fat) through the circulation. The two most common lipoproteins are low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL).

LDL cholesterol refers to any cholesterol carried by low-density lipoproteins. If your blood includes an excess of LDL cholesterol, you may be diagnosed with high cholesterol. Without therapy, high cholesterol may cause a variety of health problems, including heart attacks and strokes.

High Cholesterol Symptoms

High cholesterol is often considered a "silent" illness. It normally produces no symptoms. Many individuals are unaware they have high cholesterol until they have major consequences, such as a heart attack or stroke.

That is why regular cholesterol monitoring is essential. Whether you're 20 or older, ask your doctor whether you should undergo a regular cholesterol check with the help of home visit doctors in Chennai. Discover how this test might save your life.

Causes Of High Cholesterol

Eating too many meals heavy in cholesterol, saturated fats, and trans fats may raise your chances of getting high cholesterol. Obesity might raise your risk. Inactivity and smoking are two more lifestyle variables that may lead to elevated cholesterol.

Your genes may also influence your risk of acquiring high cholesterol. Genes are handed along from parents to offspring. Certain genes tell your body how to metabolise cholesterol and lipids. If your parents have high cholesterol, you may be more likely to develop it as well.

Risk Factors For High Cholesterol.

You may be more likely to have high cholesterol if you:

Are dealing with obesity.

Consume saturated and trans fats, such as those found in fast food, and do little physical exercise.

Smoke tobacco products.

A family history of elevated cholesterol.

Have diabetes, renal problems, or hypothyroidism.

People of all ages, genders, and races may have high cholesterol. 

Complications From High Cholesterol

Without therapy, elevated cholesterol may lead to plaque buildup in the arteries, which might gradually restrict them. This condition is referred to as atherosclerosis.

Atherosclerosis is a dangerous condition. It might reduce the flow of blood through your arteries. It also increases your chances of acquiring severe blood clots.

Atherosclerosis may cause various life-threatening consequences, including:

Stroke, heart attack.

Angina, or chest discomfort.

High Blood Pressure

Peripheral Vascular Disease

Chronic Kidney Disease

High cholesterol may also cause bile imbalance, which increases your risk of gallstones. Discover the additional ways that elevated cholesterol may affect your health.

Home Treatments For Naturally Lowering Cholesterol

In rare situations, you may be able to reduce your cholesterol without using drugs. Consuming a good diet, exercising frequently, and preventing tobacco use may be sufficient.

Some individuals believe that herbal and nutritional supplements might help decrease cholesterol levels. For example, assertions have been made regarding:

Garlic, hawthorn, astragalus, red yeast rice, plant sterol and stanol supplements, blond psyllium (found in seed husk), and crushed flaxseed.

However, the evidence for these statements differs. Furthermore, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has not authorised treatments for excessive cholesterol. More studies are required to determine if they may assist in treating this illness.

Conclusion:

High cholesterol often does not cause symptoms. However, untreated high cholesterol may lead to major health problems. The good news is that your doctor can help you manage your disease and, in many circumstances, prevent problems. Ask your doctor to test your cholesterol levels to see whether you have high cholesterol, particularly if you are 20 or older. If you're diagnosed with high cholesterol, inquire about your treatment choices. To reduce your chance of high cholesterol issues, maintain a healthy lifestyle and adhere to your doctor's treatment plan during a doctor home visit.

Eating a well-balanced diet, exercising frequently, and avoiding tobacco products may help you reach and maintain normal cholesterol levels. It may also reduce your risk of consequences from high cholesterol.

[drkunaalshinde]

7 Important Reason for developing Menstrual Disorder

Menstruation is a natural part of a woman’s life, but when it becomes irregular or disruptive, it can be a source of frustration and concern. Menstrual disorders encompass a wide range of issues, including irregular periods, heavy bleeding, missed periods, and more. To effectively address these concerns, it’s crucial to understand the multitude of factors that can contribute to these problems. In this comprehensive blog, Dr. Kunnal Shinde (Gynecologist in Baner, Pune) has guided on the common causes of menstrual disorders, shedding light on why they occur and providing insights into potential solutions. If want more information and Menstruation treatment in Baner, Pune then Visit Dr. Kunnal Shinde at Jupiter Hospital, Pune.

7 Important Reasons for developing Menstrual disorder:

Hormonal Imbalance: Hormones play a central role in regulating the menstrual cycle. Estrogen and progesterone need to maintain a delicate balance for your periods to occur regularly. When this balance is disrupted, it can lead to irregular periods, heavy bleeding, or missed periods. Several factors can trigger hormonal imbalances, including stress, excessive exercise, significant weight changes, and underlying medical conditions.

Stress and Lifestyle Factors: The demands of a busy, modern lifestyle can take a toll on your menstrual health. Chronic stress, poor nutrition, and excessive physical activity can disrupt the regularity of your menstrual cycle. This can lead to irregular periods or even amenorrhea, the absence of menstruation. Practicing stress management techniques, maintaining a balanced diet, and incorporating relaxation into your daily routine can help restore hormonal balance.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): PCOS is a prevalent condition among women of reproductive age. It’s characterized by the development of small cysts on the ovaries, which can disrupt hormone levels and menstrual regularity. PCOS often comes with additional symptoms, such as acne, weight gain, and excess hair growth. Early diagnosis and management are essential for women with PCOS.

Thyroid Disorders: Thyroid issues, such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, can impact your menstrual cycle. An underactive thyroid can cause heavy or prolonged periods, while an overactive thyroid might result in shorter or lighter cycles. Treating the underlying thyroid condition can help regulate your periods.

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID): Infections, such as PID, can harm the fallopian tubes and uterus, leading to scar tissue and changes in the menstrual cycle. Timely medical intervention is crucial if you suspect an infection, as untreated PID can have serious consequences.

Uterine Fibroids: Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths in the uterus that can lead to heavy menstrual bleeding, pain, and irregular periods. These fibroids can vary in size and number, resulting in a range of symptoms. Treatment options include medications, minimally invasive procedures, or surgical removal.

Menopause Transition: Menopause, typically occurring in a woman’s late 40s to early 50s, represents a natural phase in a woman’s life. During this transition, menstrual cycles can become irregular and eventually cease. This period of change is marked by a variety of symptoms, including hot flashes, mood swings, and changes in menstrual patterns.

Conclusion:

Menstrual disorders can significantly impact a woman’s quality of life, but understanding the potential causes is the first step toward seeking appropriate care and solutions. If you’re experiencing irregular periods, heavy bleeding, or other menstrual abnormalities, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional. A thorough evaluation will help identify the underlying cause and guide you toward personalized treatment options. Addressing the root cause is key to managing and improving your menstrual health. Don’t let these issues affect your well-being; take proactive steps to regain control and seek the help you deserve.

[optimhealthweb]

When Do You Need An Orthopedic Specialist In Savannah, GA?

Your body is made up of more than 300 bones and joints in total. Even if only one of them isn't operating as it should, you might be in for a lifetime of agony and discomfort. What exactly is it that an orthopedic doctor does? An orthopedic doctor is a medical specialist who focuses on the bones and joints of the body. They are qualified to diagnose and manage a variety of bone and joint conditions. It isn't always simple to know when to contact an orthopedist, but these are some indicators that are solid indications that you should pick up the phone and call one.

Back pain

Backaches are extremely frequent and can manifest themselves in persons of any age. It is estimated that 80% of the population, ranging from adolescents to the elderly, suffers from either lower back or upper back discomfort at some point in their lives. Mild back problems can be attributable to circumstances of daily living, such as sitting for too long, standing in the kitchen, lifting weights, or excessive exercise.

Knee Pain

Pain could originate from any portion of the knee joint, including the kneecap, the ligaments, the tendons, or the cartilage. Knee pain can be made worse by activities and conditions, including overexertion and obesity. When a patient complains of knee discomfort, the doctor will typically request a diagnostic test in order to determine the nature and extent of the injury.

After the Orthopedic Specialist in Savannah, GA, has identified the root cause of the knee discomfort, he or she will recommend a treatment plan. It is critical to get medical attention for knee discomfort since injuries to the knee that go untreated can have long-term consequences.

Shoulder Discomfort

Shoulder pain that is worse at night and when moving should be checked out by an orthopedic specialist as soon as possible. Tendonitis may be present if one also experiences discomfort in the area surrounding a joint in addition to these symptoms. The elbow, the heel, and the wrist can all be affected by this condition, which can manifest itself as a result of excessive use or an injury. In the human body, the tendons connect the muscles to the bones. They could induce the tendon to expand and become inflamed if they are injured, overworked, or lose their flexibility as a natural part of the aging process.

Swollen joints

Swelling is caused by the accumulation of fluid in the soft tissues that surround the joints, which can occur when these tissues are injured. Joint swelling may be caused by bacterial infections, trauma, or chronic arthritis, with a focus on reactive arthritis. A form of inflammatory arthritis known as reactive arthritis leads to swollen joints and typically impacts the knees and ankles. Reactive arthritis is characterized by its name. Inflammation in the joints can also be caused by conditions such as gout, osteoarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, as well as septic arthritis. Hypothyroidism, sometimes known as an underactive thyroid, rheumatic fever, and ankylosing spondylitis, are additional possible causes, although hypothyroidism is extremely rare.

For surgery, you must find the most reputed Orthopedic Surgery Savannah online.

[cytomelcanadaweightloss-blog]

Cytomel Canada Weight Loss

Tablets are most frequent and injectable forms ought to be avoided as they are simply fit for emergency health ailments. In the event you buy Cytomel online and reside in america you are breaking the law. For more info visit here  What Is Cytomel?

For my needs chlorine infusion is great for smoking powder is the most appropriate for placing gelatin capsules. On account of the high number it's imperative that you make sure your physician has a comprehensive selection of current medications you're on.  

Cytomel Dosage For Weight Loss

On the flip side, very low T3 syndrome will lead to loss in hair, bulging eyes together with skin that is dry. When insomnia is left untreated, and also reaches a degree of serious health emergency it is known as myxedema. You'll likewise find the T3 hormone is offered in pill and injectable forms. It replenishes an hormone that's normally generated by the thyroid gland.  Though unlikely, it's potential to have an excessive amount of thyroid hormone.

The bicycle should begin with Clenbuterol to improve the likelihood of weight reduction. Regardless of the particular reason for utilizing Cytomel, while it's certainly going to boost the metabolic process you'll none the less have to diet. Try to bear in mind this in case the side effects are severe, the quantity must be paid off. Woman who fear masculinizing effects of lots of different steroids that this drug is the most comfortable. On account of the huge availability and manufacture of this product, it isn't uncommon to come across a wide variant in various T3 dosages in various services and products.

How To Take Cytomel T3 Canada? 

  There are a handful diverse types of medications used in the treating hypothyroidism. Instead, the ideal method to dispose of one's drugs is by way of a drug take-back system. You may need to take thyroid medication for the remainder of one's life.  A good deal of people using this medication don't have serious negative effects.  Your antidiabetic drugs or diet may need to be corrected.

In many instances, however, you may be able to just adjust your dosage down to remove them. You can prevent a few with this by simply boosting your dose in a slow and controlled manner. Irrespective of the dosage, the whole daily dose may be taken once per day. Initially, the dosage could be 25 mcg per day for one week, then it might rise to 50mcg.  It generally only requires a reduced dose of Cytomel to successfully take care of hypothyroidism.

Cytomel 25 Mg 

  In case you are intending to utilize t-3 to lose fat, then it is suggested you stack it together with Clenbuterol. The T3 triggers a gain in enzyme manufacturing, which consequently increases the amount of their human body metabolic rate. T3 is the primary thyroid hormone utilized by your own body. T 4 could be excellent fat loss tool but no where close to the amount of T3. In the long run, since T4 is converted to T3 in the body, there's simply no benefit to administering t 3 solutions. Cytomel is really the most powerful thyroid medication so that it may also possess some exceptionally effective side effects. Conclusion Cytomel could be the most powerful of all these thyroid medications since it contains t-3 instead of t 4 like the vast majority of different medications. Additionally, you need ton't utilize Cytomel for weight loss in case you do not have hypothyroidism. Cytomel is just a great T3 thyroid medication and yet one which has already been used with much success for many decades. Cytomel (T3) is usually used using anabolic steroids as a result of significant effect on the overall human body's metabolic process for an entire. Cytomel may also be used in some particular thyroid therapies. 

Cytomel T3 Dosage 

  Liothyronine shouldn't be utilised to care for weight or obesity problems. Liothyronine is given as the thyroid does not create enough of this hormone by itself. Consequently, liothyronine as well as other thyroid hormones may alter the action of several drugs. Anabolic steroid users generally use Cytomel in an effort to eliminate body fat. Yes, this can cause induced hypothyroidism, but with good usage it's exceedingly improbable. Tren use also encourages appetite and decreases extra-fat being stored within your system besides having a wonderful impact on metabolic rate of the human anatomy. As soon as it's possible to become dependent, it's extremely unlikely with the right use. Trenbolone use also encourages muscular stability and enhance your human body's power to tackle extreme exercises. It should not be abruptly ceased. The use of excessive anabolic steroid doses only with the aim of muscle preservation throughout t 3 usage is entirely unnecessary.

[ghidiagnostics]

Best health packages in Hyderabad

Untreated hypothyroidism can prompt various medical conditions:

1. Goiter. Steady feeling of your thyroid to deliver more chemicals might make the organ become bigger — a condition known as a goiter. Albeit for the most part not awkward, an enormous goiter can influence your appearance and may slow down gulping or relaxing.

2. Heart issues. Hypothyroidism may likewise be related with an expanded gamble of coronary illness and cardiovascular breakdown, essentially on the grounds that elevated degrees of low-thickness lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol — the “awful” cholesterol — can happen in individuals with an underactive thyroid.

3. Psychological wellness issues. Melancholy might happen right off the bat in hypothyroidism and may turn out to be more extreme after some time. Hypothyroidism can likewise cause eased back mental working.

4. Fringe neuropathy. Long haul uncontrolled hypothyroidism can make harm your fringe nerves. These are the nerves that convey data from your mind and spinal rope to the remainder of your body — for instance, your arms and legs. Fringe neuropathy might cause torment, deadness and shivering in impacted regions.

5. Myxedema. This interesting, perilous condition is the consequence of long haul, undiscovered hypothyroidism. Its signs and side effects incorporate extreme cold prejudice and sleepiness followed by significant dormancy and obviousness.

A myxedema extreme lethargies might be set off by tranquilizers, disease or other weight on your body. In the event that you have signs or side effects of myxedema, you really want prompt crisis clinical treatment.

6. Infertility. Low degrees of thyroid chemical can obstruct ovulation, which disables richness. What’s more, a portion of the reasons for hypothyroidism — like immune system issue — can likewise debilitate fruitfulness.

7. Birth defects. Infants brought into the world to ladies with untreated thyroid sickness might have a higher gamble of birth surrenders contrasted with children brought into the world to solid moms. These kids are additionally more inclined to serious scholarly and formative issues.

Newborn children with untreated hypothyroidism present upon entering the world are in danger of difficult issues with both physical and mental turn of events. Be that as it may, assuming this condition is analyzed inside the initial not many long periods of life, the possibilities of typical improvement are amazing.

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[behealthy99]

Treatments for thyroid disease are generally effective and safe

New Post has been published on https://behealthy99.com/treatments-for-thyroid-disease-are-generally-effective-and-safe/

Treatments for thyroid disease are generally effective and safe

Pharmacists can advise on the appropriate use of therapies and encourage adherence to regimens.

An estimated 20 million Americans have some form of thyroid disease, and more than 12% of the American population will develop thyroid disease, according to the American Thyroid Association.1 While thyroid disease can affect anyone, women are 5 to 8 times more likely to have problems and 1 in 8 will develop thyroid disease.1.2 Thyroid disorders are often chronic and pharmacists are in a unique position – working with healthcare providers – to educate patients about symptom identification, treatment and appropriate medication use.

DISEASE OVERVIEW

The thyroid gland – a small, butterfly-shaped organ – sits at the base of the neck and releases and regulates 2 important thyroid hormones, thyroxine and triiodothyronine.2 Thyroid hormones regulate the body’s metabolism and affect critical functions such as digestion, energy levels, growth, heart rate and heat production.2.3

In hypothyroidism, the thyroid gland does not release enough amounts of thyroid hormone. Hashimoto’s thyroiditis is the most common cause of hypothyroidism; however, there are others.4

In hyperthyroidism, the thyroid gland produces an excess of thyroid hormone. Graves’ disease is responsible for most cases of hyperthyroidism; however, there are other causes.2.5 Other thyroid-related health problems include goiter, thyroid cancer, thyroid eye disease, thyroiditis, and thyroid nodules.2.6

RISK FACTORS

Thyroid disease can affect anyone, but certain factors increase the risk.2 These include being female, being over age 60, or taking medications that affect thyroid functions, as well as a family history of thyroid disease or a history of treatments such as radiation or thyroidectomy.

SYMPTOMS

Undiagnosed and untreated thyroid disease has consequences, putting patients at risk for conditions such as cardiovascular and fertility problems and osteoporosis.1 Symptoms of thyroid disease can be similar to those of other conditions. Pharmacists can educate patients about recognizing symptoms and referring them to a doctor. Doctors make a conclusive diagnosis based on blood levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) and free thyroxine.7 The table2.4-6,8,9 outlines thyroid disorders with associated symptoms and treatments.

PHARMACY OFFICES

Pharmacological treatment of thyroid disorders is largely effective and safe. Pharmacists can advise patients on the correct use of medicines, inform them about existing and new medicines and encourage adherence to treatment.4,10,11 For example, pharmacists should inform patients that certain foods and medications, including nutritional supplements and vitamins, can affect the absorption of levothyroxine. Patients should take levothyroxine on an empty stomach with a full glass of water, 30 minutes to 1 hour before breakfast and 4 hours before or after other medications.

In addition, pharmacists should be aware of the clinical and pharmacological implications of levothyroxine substitution and keep patients on the same brand of medication. If a substitution is made, the pharmacy team must inform the prescriber, as patients must be re-evaluated and sent to new lab testing to assess serum TSH. Finally, pharmacists should inform patients that thyroid disorders are often chronic and require lifelong therapy, and express the need for therapeutic drug monitoring.

Yvonne Riley-Poku, PharmD, is a registered pharmacist and a recent graduate of the University of Connecticut School of Pharmacy’s Medical Writing Certificate program.

REFERENCES

1. General information/press room. American Thyroid Association. Accessed November 23, 2021. https://www.thyroid.org/media-main/press-room/

2. Thyroid disease. Cleveland clinic. Updated April 19, 2020. Accessed November 23, 2021. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8541-thyroid-disease

3. Hershman JM. Overview of the thyroid gland. Merck Consumer Version Manual. Updated October 2020. Accessed November 23, 2021. https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/thyroid-gland-disorders/overview-of-the-thyroid-gland

4. Hashimoto’s disease. Mayo Clinic. February 11, 2020. Accessed November 23, 2021. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hashimotos-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20351855

5. Kravets I. Hyperthyroidism: Diagnosis and Treatment. Ben Family Arts. 2016;93(5):363-370.

6. Douglas RS, Kahaly GJ, Patel A. Teprotumumab for the treatment of active thyroid eye disease. N Engl J Med. 2020;382(4):341-352. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa1910434

7. Wilson SA, Stem LA, Bruehlman RD. Hypothyroidism: Diagnosis and Treatment. Ben Family Arts. 2021;103(10):605-613.

8. Thyroid eye disease. National Organization for Rare Disorders. Accessed November 23, 2021. https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/thyroid-eye-disease/

9. FDA Approves First Treatment for Eye Disease of the Thyroid. news item. FDA. January 21, 2020. Accessed November 23, 2021. https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-firsttreatment-thyroid-eye-disease

10. Benvenga S, Carlé A. Levothyroxine formulations: pharmacological and clinical implications of generic substitution. Ad Ther. 2019;36(suppl 2):59-71. doi:10.1007/s12325-019-01079-1

11. Levothyroxine (Oral Administration). Mayo Clinic. Updated August 1, 2021. Accessed November 23, 2021. https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/levothyroxine-oral-route/proper-use/drg-20072133

[thethyroidrelation]

Your thyroid health will significantly impact your heart

The importance the thyroid has on the human body is so significant, that having a thyroid disorder or disease can have consequences that can be detrimental to your life, including the loss of it. One of the most vital organs the thyroid helps regulate is your heart. Evidence in research shows that thyroid disorders and heart disease can be a very dangerous if not a deadly combination. 

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The Thyroid Gland 

The thyroid gland sits at the bottom of the neck and produces hormones that are essential to life and our overall health. The hormones produced by the thyroid are carried in the blood to keep your body functioning correctly. These hormones are thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3). Both of these thyroid hormones significantly affect functions in your body such as metabolism, body temperature and your heart rate. 

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism is one of the most common thyroid disorders in the United States with about 4.6 percent of Americans having hypothyroidism, making that 10 million people in the U.S. living with hypothyroidism. 

Hypothyroidism happens when the thyroid gland does not make enough of the necessary thyroid hormones which in turn affects many of the body's functions. One of the first signs of thyroid issues are goiter or swelling in the neck. 

Who is at risk for hypothyroidism? 

Both males and females are at risk of hypothyroidism but women over the age of 60 have a higher risk of having low thyroid function and women are 10 times likelier to develop thyroid issues. All in all, people can have hypothyroidism from birth. 

Hypothyroidism & Your Heart

Treating hypothyroidism and taking the medication prescribed consistently will impact the way your heart functions. When hypothyroidism happens, the low amounts of thyroid hormone makes the heart muscle pump slower and with less ability which will make the heart weaker with time. Unfortunately cardiac symptoms can happen to anyone with hypothyroidism but those who already have an underlying heart disease are more likely to experience them.  

Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism or an overactive thyroid happens when your thyroid makes too much thyroid hormone causing your metabolism to work in overdrive. Hyperthyroidism is one of the most underdiagnosed thyroid conditions because the symptoms often go unnoticed since they look like “good” symptoms in the beginning. Hyperthyroidism can give you great energy and weight loss but if it is not treated it can cause serious health problems later on. 

Hyperthyroidism & Your Heart

When your thyroid produces too much hormone or you are taking too much synthetic thyroid hormone, this makes the heart muscle work harder. Too much thyroid hormone demands more oxygen for the heart to be able to keep up with the demand. It also increases your heart rate, making your heart's effort much more difficult. 

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In Summary

There are other forms of thyroid disease not mentioned that are just as important as hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism such as Grave’s disease which can also cause the heart stress. Whether you have an underactive or an overactive thyroid your healthcare provider is likely to monitor your heart rate and your blood work to make sure that you don't fall at dangerously low levels or dangerously high levels that can impact your heart in negative ways. 

One of the biggest mistakes a thyroid patient can make is to not take medications as regulated or leaving thyroid disease untreated. If you suspect that you may have thyroid disease, talk to your doctor about having the necessary tests done to get you on your way to feeling better. 

Links: 

Everything You Need to Know About Hypothyroidism

Thyroid Tests

Diastolic Dysfunction and Pulmonary Hypertension

HYPOTHYROIDISM AND THE HEART

Hyperthyroidism and 33 Symptoms to watch for

Use of this website and any information contained herein is governed by the Thyroid Relation Website. The content on The Thyroid Relation does not provide medical advice. Always consult a medical provider for diagnosis and treatment.

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15 common myths about thyroid disease

Thyroid disorders state that affects the thyroid gland, a butterfly-form gland in the front of the neck. The thyroid has a major role to regulate various metabolic methods throughout the body. Different types of thyroid disorders affect either their structure or function.

Dr. Ashutosh Sonawane is a Consultant Adult & Pediatric Endocrinologist, Diabetologist &  Thyroid Doctor in Nashik  at SARTHAK HEALTH CLINIC Nashik.

He has done Post Graduation (MD Medicine) & Super-Specialization (DM Endocrinology) both from the prestigious institute Topiwala National Medical College Mumbai.

15 common myths about thyroid disease

Your thyroid is making you fat

This is normally believed but incorrect. Although your thyroid gland is responsible for your metabolism it is extremely rare for patients to experience significant weight gain if they have an untreated hypothyroid. In severe hypothyroidism the weight increase is water collecting in the tissues (hence the old term “myxoedema”) and it is this weight that is lost with thyroid hormone replacement not fat.

If you have a thyroid problem it will be obvious to you.

It is simple to miss the fact that various disparate symptoms are all to do with thyroid difficulty as these can include extreme fatigue, anxiety, palpitations, differences in pulse or blood pressure, hair loss, weight decline or increase, and dry skin. Such non-specific signs are often misattributed to hormone-related conditions in women such as perimenopause or menopause.

Thyroid problems only affect older women.

Thyroid disease affects both men and women and can present at any age. Although it is indeed much more prevalent in women.

You have to give up taking your thyroid medicine when you are pregnant

There is no problem continuing to take any prescribed thyroid treatment your baby is dependent upon you to provide for its thyroxine requirement to develop a healthy brain.

I won’t be capable to get pregnant if I am hypothyroid

This is not true unless you neglect to treat the condition. 

You can’t lose weight if you are hypothyroid

Finding it difficult to lose weight is probably more down to your naturally slowed metabolism in your forties and fifties. If you are on medicine to heal your thyroid you are effectively on the same level playing field as everyone else although you may be at a disadvantage compared to before as a consequence of your thyroid condition.

Taking extra iodine is good for thyroid health

Iodine is necessary for the thyroid to function perfectly but in fact, too much iodine can cause problems too.

If you are sensitive to gluten it can trigger thyroid problems

There is no clear evidence that removing gluten from your diet will not protect you from developing thyroid disease. This myth has probably come about because the coeliac disease is not uncommon in those with Hashimotos or Graves Disease and of course people with coeliac disease will need to remove gluten. There has been discussion as to whether the gut environment may be influenced by going “gluten-free” and that this change may lessen the autoimmune response - but the evidence in practice appears very limited.

A lump in your next indicates thyroid disease.

Goiter is indeed indicative of a thyroid problem but a lump in the neck could equally be a cyst or a swollen lymph node. My best advice is to get it checked by your GP.

Soy-based products will cause problems with your thyroid

Not directly, but soy can decrease the absorption of your prescribed hypothyroid medicine. The answer is to take your medicine in the morning and have soy-based products for dinner.

A higher level of thyroid hormone medication is better for you.

Some people mistakenly believe this will give them extra energy and will help them lose weight but this is incorrect. Your medication is designed to take you into normal parameters and having too much can cause you to shake, have palpitations, insomnia and be more hungry.

You can manage your hypothyroidism by watching what you eat.

It’s not unusual for people to seek alternative treatments but I’m afraid diet alone will not improve your thyroid function so you will need to take medication.

My TSH levels are normal so I can’t have a thyroid problem

Because there are many different ways in which your thyroid can malfunction normal TSH levels may not always be accurate. It is important to take into account differences in gender, age, pregnancy, or treatment of thyroid disease. A normal test for an elderly person will be very different for a pregnant woman. Your thyroid glands may be producing enough thyroid hormones but your cells may not be able to use them efficiently. A normal TSH does not exclude pituitary dysfunction.

Thyroid disease is catching

Not! This may have come about because most thyroid disease is inherited and it’s therefore going to be present in family members who may coincidentally live together or spend a lot of time with each other. It is estimated that 70% of autoimmune thyroid disease (Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Graves’ disease) is genetic and then something in the environment triggers the production of antibodies such as virus, pregnancy or menopause, diet, drugs, or possibly extreme stress.

If you have thyroid nodules you have thyroid cancer.

This is not true. A few nodules are malignant but most are slow-growing and small when found. Aggressive thyroid cancer is uncommon but these nodules will be large, firm, fixed, and fast-growing. What’s more thyroid nodules tend to run in families and also in those who have had an early childhood in areas that have been iodine deficient in the past - including Europe.

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Transdermal Methimazole for Feline Hyperthyroidism

Introduction

Over the past 20 years, the prevalence of feline hyperthyroidism has increased astoundingly [1-3]. It has become the most common endocrine disorder in cats, and the risk worsens with each year of increasing age, being most common in middle to older-aged felines [1]. The disease is primarily characterized by an excessive production and release of the thyroid hormones thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) most commonly due to a functional, benign adenomatous hyperplasia of the thyroid gland. At present, there is not a feline specific thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) assay test available, therefore unlike human hyperthyroid diagnosis, veterinarians do not commonly depend on a low TSH value for primary hyperthyroid diagnosis. Hyperthyroidism diagnosis in cats is generally based on a high free T4 level and the presence of clinical signs and symptoms. Some of the clinical complications of hyperthyroidism that may be present include emotional lability, hyperactivity, palpitations, tachycardia, and a plethora of other manifestations of the disease (Table 1). Although the exact etiology is unknown, many nutritional and environmental causes are suspected, including canned cat food products containing iodine, soybean, phthalates, polyphenols, and polychlorinated biphenyls [2,4,5].

Regardless of the etiologic origin, medical management of prolonged thyroid hormone elevation is very important. Untreated hyperthyroidism can have many consequences on the cat. Many cats initially present with a change in personality or behavior, often being more easily agitated and mean, as well as with unexplained weight loss, changes in eating habits, accelerated heart rates, and a goiter. Hyperthyroidism, if left untreated, can also have life threatening adverse effects, such as causing hypertension, cardiac tachyarrhythmia, atrial fibrillation, and even death [6,7]. These result from elevated thyroid hormone levels and cause up-regulation of various gene expressions involved in the body’s metabolism, thermogenesis for heat regulation, nerve function, and muscle and bone function [7]. They also function to increase activation of the sympathetic nervous system, which elevates the heart rate, the heart’s force of contraction, and increases cardiac output overall [8,9]. Clearly, both the symptoms of the disease, as well as the enhancement of these biochemical pathways, can pose serious health risks to the feline patient. The longer a cat goes without treatment, the worse their complications become [6,10,11].

Like the management of hyperthyroidism in humans, there are several different treatment options available for cats. The top three recommended therapies include surgical thyroidectomy, radioiodine therapy, and medication treatment. Thyroidectomy and radioiodine treatment can be permanent solutions to the disease. However, limitations such as expense and permanent hypothyroidism prevent these from being practical options for most feline patients [7,11] (Table 2). Medication therapy is often the most practical and accessible way to manage hyperthyroid cats. Methimazole (Tapazole, Felimazole) is the most common and favored agent in the United States [12]. Other alternatives include carbimazole (a prodrug of methimazole marketed only in the UK), iodine-containing agents, iodine dietary restricted food, and homeopathic regimens [6,12-14]. Dietary iodine restriction is another option, however, there is limited supporting data to determine a true benefit.

Although several treatment options are available for hyperthyroid cats, each therapy option has considerable drawbacks to both the client and the feline patient. Oral methimazole has historically been the most accessible and affordable choice. However, gastrointestinal side effects and an unfavorable twice-a-day oral administration schedule often limit its ultimate therapeutic outcomes in the cat. Both negative attributes are avoided with use of the transdermal methimazole gel compound. Due to the limited amount of data available on transdermal methimazole, this review aims to evaluate whether the pluronic lecithin organogel (PLO) compound of methimazole is effective in treating hyperthyroid cats. In addition, it also serves to provide insight on the recommendations for its use.

Methods

A PubMed search was conducted to identify articles in which the safety or efficacy of transdermal methimazole for treatment of feline hyperthyroidism was assessed. Key MeSH search terms included feline hyperthyroidism with a subheading for treatment. In addition, feline hyperthyroidism plus one of the following search terms were searched: treatment, drug-related side effects and adverse drug reactions. A free-text search was also conducted to identify articles not included in the MeSH term search. Metaanalyses, randomized controlled clinical trials, and case reports were included in the review if the primary focus of the article related to the use of oral or transdermal methimazole for feline hyperthyroidism. Studies were excluded if published in languages other than English. In addition, studies highlighting mechanisms of action, studies of pharmacodynamics or pharmacokinetic effects were excluded.

Results

Clinical data on the topic of feline hyperthyroidism treatment is limited. A PubMed search revealed 14 articles with transdermal methimazole and feline hyperthyroidism as a subheading. Of the articles used in this review, there were six that directly assessed the use and efficacy of transdermal methimazole in the treatment of feline hyperthyroidism. Of those six, five were small clinical studies and one was a case report/series.

Evaluation of oral methimazole

Oral methimazole has remained the mainstay of feline hyperthyroidism treatment since the early 1980’s. It reversibly suppresses thyroid hormone levels by inhibiting thyroid peroxidase. It does not inactivate circulating T4 and T3, resulting in a 2 to 4-week delay before serum T4 concentrations begin to normalize [8]. While it accumulates in the thyroid gland, it does not block the release of preformed hormone, nor does it help reduce goiters [8,15]. Oral methimazole has variable bioavailability ranging from 27 to 100% so its efficacy varies from patient to patient [6]. The recommended dose for maximum efficacy is 2.5mg administered twice daily.

In a randomized, unblinded, clinical trial by Trepanier et al. [11], forty methimazole naive cats with newly diagnosed hyperthyroidism were studied to compare the efficacy of one daily dosing of oral methimazole to twice daily dosing. Owners completed a questionnaire of their cat’s baseline behavior status and reported any changes that occurred during the study. The overall efficacy of once daily methimazole was found to be less effective than twice daily dosing. Serum T4 concentrations were considerably higher in cats receiving once daily dosing, and only 54% (13/24) were found to be euthyroid at two weeks, compared to 87% (13/15) euthyroid in the twice daily group [16]. Both treatment groups showed considerable clinical improvement of many complications caused by hyperthyroidism. However, among the initial 40 cats studied, one cat in the once daily dosing group was removed prior to the 2-week point due to considerable gastrointestinal (GI) upset. Of the remaining 38 feline patients, 17 (44%) developed some type of adverse event throughout the four-week duration. Throughout the remainder of the study, 23% (9 cats) reported similar GI upset. Among the 24 cats treated once daily, 42% (10/24) required discontinuation of therapy, in order to resolve oral methimazole induced adverse events. Facial excoriation was reported in six patients, five reported from the once daily dosed group alone. Five of the six total facial excoriation cases reported were from the once daily dosed group. Manifestations of blood dyscrasias and hepatopathy were not significantly reported in either group [16].

Not only were adverse events such as GI upset and facial excoriations, found to be less prevalent in cats dosed twice a day, but also these cats were also more likely to obtain the goal euthyroid state. Cats also show rebound increases in serum T4 concentrations and a return to hyperthyroid state within 24 to 48 hours of methimazole discontinuation [3,16,17]. This likely correlates with the need for twice daily dosing in cats, and further research should be performed to help determine methimazole’s true intrathyroidal residence time in cats. Oral methimazole is not a cure for feline hyperthyroidism, and treatment must be continued indefinitely. With the intolerable GI upset from the oral tablets and the difficulty many owners face administering the medication twice daily to uncooperative cats, the alternative transdermal route of administration poses significant benefits [16].

Transdermal methimazole formulation

Despite the limited clinical studies on transdermal methimazole, some clinicians have achieved a good therapeutic benefit to using this dosage form in cats. Pluronic lecithin organogel is a microemulsion-based gel containing lecithin, isopropyl palmitate, and pluronic acid to effectively deliver both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs topically across the stratum corneum and may aid in the administration of methimazole [18- 22]. PLO is composed of both an oil phase (lecithin phase) and an aqueous phase (pluronic phase). It includes isopropyl palmitate acts as a solvent and permeation enhancer while lecithin also serves as a permeation enhancer by increasing the fluidity of the stratum corneum, and slightly disorganizing the skin structure to permit substance permeation [23-25]. PLO reversibly turns into a thick gel at body temperature, leading to an increase in dehydration of the aqueous solution, forming a shell-like structure of aggregated micelles [7,24-28]. Methimazole is an ideal drug for transdermal delivery due to its low molecular weight, high lipid solubility, water solubility, low daily dose, and is non-irritating and non-sensitizing to the skin [20,24].

Efficacy of the PLO methimazole

In a small retrospective study examining dispensing records for 16 hyperthyroid cats undergoing transdermal methimazole treatment, the transdermal formulation was effective at reducing serum T4 concentrations in 15 of the 16 cats studied. One cat showed an increase in serum T4 level, but there is no mention or clarification of appropriate application or other possible contributing factors. The only adverse event reported was a single case of increased blood urea nitrogen level, thought to be the unmasking of prior renal disease. This study also demonstrates variability in dosing and administration frequency of the topical, ranging between 5 mg once a day to a twice daily dose of 7.5mg every morning and 5 mg every night. This wide variation between each feline patient, limits our ability to recommend a standard dose or administration frequency, but does indicate the need for patient-specific doses and frequencies in order to effectively reach the euthyroid goal [29].

 In a randomized clinical trial conducted by Sartor et al, 47 newly diagnosed hyperthyroid cats were used to investigate whether PLO formulated transdermal methimazole was safe and efficacious in controlling feline hyperthyroidism. At two weeks of treatment, more cats in the oral methimazole group had serum T4 concentrations within the reference range (14 of 16 [88%], p=0.035). By week four, there was no difference between the oral and transdermal methimazole. The PLO transdermal methimazole group took longer to reduce serum T4 concentrations to the acceptable reference range, however, it was as effective as oral administration in producing euthyroidism by the fourth week of treatment [30]. Fewer GI adverse events were reported with the transdermal formulation (1/27 vs 4/17 in the oral group). The reduction of GI upset deems consideration as it is often the cause of discontinuation of oral methimazole [30,31].

Lecuyer et al evaluated the efficacy of transdermal methimazole in 13 newly diagnosed hyperthyroid cats. The feline patients received 5mg methimazole concentrated in PLO, applied to the inner ear twice daily. In addition to reaching the euthyroid state, all 10 cats that completed the study also showed improved clinical signs related to hyperthyroidism consistent with other previously reported studies [16,32-33]. No GI adverse events were reported, and investigators concluded that PLO transdermal methimazole is a safe and effective alternative to oral methimazole [6].

Duration of t4 suppression

A study by Boretti et al. [33] evaluated the duration of serum T4 suppression among newly diagnosed hyperthyroid cats treated with once daily transdermal methimazole versus twice daily dosing. Twenty cats were treated with the PLO-based methimazole formulation dosed either 2.5mg every 12 hours (10 cats, group 1) or 5mg every 24 hours (10 cats, group 2). Serum T4 concentrations were measured one and three weeks after initiation of therapy, immediately before and every two hours after gel application for up to 10 hours. Cats were limited to a maximum of five blood samplings in one day [33]. A sustained suppression of T4 concentration for at least 24 hours was seen following gel application and there was no significant difference in change in serum T4 concentration immediately before or any time after gel administration in either group. As also discussed in Lecuyer’s study [6], further research is needed concerning the duration of intra thyroid methimazole accumulation [6,33,34]. Among the twice daily dosing group, reductions were required in three cats, and a dose increase was required in one patient. Of the once daily dosing group, two cats required a decrease in dose, and one cat required an increased dose, after three weeks of treatment as a result of sustained hyperthyroid levels [33]. Investigators concluded that once daily application of the PLO methimazole compound can effectively reduce serum T4 concentrations in most hyperthyroid cats. Once a day dosing is most convenient for the owner, and thus promotes better compliance [33]. The compounding of this preparation allows for changes in dose or frequency and allows for the individualization of therapy.  

PLO vs. novel lipophilic base

In a 12-week prospective study by Hill et al, a novel lipophilic formulation of methimazole was investigated. The study included 45 cats newly diagnosed with untreated, naturally occurring hyperthyroidism [12]. The study used a novel lipophilic formulation prepared with methimazole, “carrier compounds” (propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol 4000, dimethyl formamide, and cyclodextrin), and several penetration enhancers, chosen from fatty acids, terpenes, pyrrolidones, a short chain alcohol, glycol ethers, acetins, and triglycerides. The formulation was determined to be stable for 12 months after preparation, by the International Cooperation on Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Registration of Veterinary Products. Cats were treated with a starting dose of either oral carbimazole (5mg twice a day) or the novel transdermal methimazole formulation (10mg, or 0.1mL applied to the inner ear once a day). Both the once daily novel transdermal methimazole and twice daily oral carbimazole were effective in the treatment of feline hyperthyroidism in cats with compliant owners. All owners were satisfied with the improved clinical symptoms.

 The novel lipophilic transdermal formulation had several advantages over the oral carbimazole, as the transdermal medication was tolerated better, and caused no gastrointestinal side effects in the cats. Owners reported that administering tablets to their cats was a challenge, and 35% admitted to missing doses or cats spitting out the medication [12]. Unlike the rare occurrences of pruritus reported with the PLO formulation of methimazole, no adverse events of pruritus or erythema of the inner ear were reported [6,12]. The study suggests that since methimazole is a lipophilic drug, a lipophilic vehicle might more suitable than the PLO base.

Although this study clearly highlights the effectiveness of once a day use of this novel lipophilic formulation, it would have been more appropriate to study it in comparison with the PLO methimazole formulated topical. The novel lipophilic formulation appears to be less irritating to the skin among cats than the PLO. However, this has not been shown clinically significant in any study, and thus does not provide enough evidence to recommend one transdermal formulation over the other [6,12,33]. Further evaluation and study are needed to compare the costs, efficacy, stability, accessibility, and adverse event rates between the PLO and novel lipophilic formulations of methimazole.

Discussion

Transdermal drug delivery is an appealing route of administration for veterinary medicine, especially for clients with uncooperative pets. PLO used for methimazole is recognized as a viable transdermal delivery tool because of its enhanced drug transport capabilities. It can effectively deliver both hydrophilic and lipophilic drugs. Transdermal methimazole circumvents the liver’s first pass metabolism, potentially allowing a lower drug dose for an equal effect while also avoiding the intolerable GI upset often caused by oral drugs leading to discontinuation. Following chronic daily application of PLO formulated methimazole to the inner ear of cats with hyperthyroidism, successful resolution of clinical signs and lower T4 levels have been noted [6,18,30,31,33].

Although ultimately effective, delayed onset of action was noted and transdermal methimazole takes longer to achieve therapeutic serum T4 concentrations compared to oral methimazole activity. Oral administration may be more suitable in cats with very severe hyperthyroidism, requiring rapid reduction of thyroid hormone levels. Repeated dosing with the PLO formulation can lead to exfoliation of the inner ear, mild inflammation, and may cause a depot of drug in the skin [30,35]. As the PLO works to compromise the skin barrier over time, more drug is absorbed. Therefore, maximum effectiveness is not seen immediately, but most feline patients will reach a euthyroid level by week 4 of treatment. Transdermal methimazole can be deemed noninferior to the widely approved oral formulation.

Oral methimazole has only been proven effective if dosed twice a day in cats [16]. Once daily dosing of transdermal methimazole was successful, however, the need for twice daily dosing was recognized early in treatment. Once daily dosing presents an obvious advantage as it is most convenient for the owner and aids in promoting good compliance. Near perfect compliance is imperative when treating hyperthyroidism, because serum T4 concentrations can return to their hyperthyroid level within 48 hours after the last dose. Another unique advantage of the transdermal formulation is that it can be compounded into any dosage concentration needed.

In the past, transdermal methimazole was recommended only for short-term use in cases of oral methimazole induced GI upset or an uncooperative cat. Oral methimazole was indirectly favored due to the cost, variable stability, and unknown pharmacokinetic information of the transdermal form. However, more recent studies have suggested extended effectiveness with long-term use of the transdermal methimazole. Also, upon diagnosis of hyperthyroidism, most cats are near the end of the life and shortterm treatment is usually enough in resolving the hyperthyroid illness until the cat expires due to other unrelated diseases. Although the transdermal formulation is more expensive, it is still a more reasonable cost compared to the expense of thyroidectomy and radioactive therapy. Cat owners reported missing oral doses or cats spitting tablets, thus the transdermal gel may be worth the extra cost in order to manage the disease. Clients at large reported satisfaction with the compounded medicine, with only a few reports of precipitation of the gel [6].

Conclusion

Transdermal use of PLO compounded methimazole is an effective therapy for lowering serum T4 concentrations in cats. It is safe, posing fewer adverse effects than the oral formulation. It can be effectively used to treat feline hyperthyroidism through individualized dosing and frequency of administration. Owners should rotate ears each application and remove any residue with a damp cotton ball prior to the next application. Cats tolerate it very well, and it is favored by owners for its convenience and resolved GI upset events. Frequent monitoring of the cat’s liver function tests, BUN, creatinine, CBC, platelet count, and serum T4 concentration is recommended. Very little data exists regarding its pharmacokinetic properties and formulation stability, and the significance of the information available is limited by the small sample sizes studied.

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Hyperhidrosis: An Uncomfortable—and Common—Problem for Sleep

Hyperhidrosis: An Uncomfortable—and Common—Problem for Sleep is republished from Elly Mackay's Blog

When you hear about night sweats, you probably think: menopause. It’s true that the menopausal transition is often accompanied by night sweats that significantly affect sleep.

But hyperhidrosis—that’s the medical term for excessive sweating—can happen to anyone, adults and children, and for a variety of reasons. And hyperhidrosis that occurs at night often spells trouble for sleep.

Estimates vary, but research indicates that as much as 12% or more of the general population may experience night sweats. And the prevalence of night sweats increases with age. Among older adults, research shows nighttime sweating is more frequent. One study found that more than 40% of adults over age 64 had at least one episode of night sweats within the past month. I’ve seen patients of all ages and genders contend with nighttime sweating that creates restless, interrupted sleep.

Maybe it’s because of embarrassment, or maybe it seems like not a big deal, but hyperhidrosis is a condition that often gets overlooked. Research indicates that fewer than 4 in 10 people speak with their physicians about excessive sweating. Although most people with this condition don’t seek treatment, for many of them, the condition is debilitating. About one-third of people with hyperhidrosis say the condition is barely tolerable or intolerable, and it regularly interferes with their daily lives, according to research.

Before we look at the impact on sleep, here are a few things to know about hyperhidrosis and sleep hyperhidrosis (aka night sweats):

Hyperhidrosis involves sweating that doesn’t necessarily—or even often—relate to heat in the environment or to vigorous physical activity, two of the reasons we commonly see sweat appear. (To be clear, sweat from steamy weather and from exertion can themselves interfere with sleep.)

Hyperhidrosis comes in a couple of forms. Primary focal hyperhidrosis is excessive sweating that has no underlying medical cause. With this form of hyperhidrosis, the nervous system appears to over-signal sweat glands to produce. There seems to be a strong genetic component for primary focal hyperhidrosis. Studies suggest that there’s a family connection in 65% of cases.

Primary hyperhidrosis often occurs in specific areas across the body: the hands, the feet, the face. Many people experience this form of hyperhidrosis in more than one part of the body at the same time.

Secondary hyperhidrosis is sweating that is connected to a medical condition.

Sweating from secondary hyperhidrosis tends to be pervasive throughout the body, rather than localized.

Both primary and secondary hyperhidrosis can interfere with good sleep.

Some of the conditions that come with secondary hyperhidrosis as a symptom include menopause, thyroid disorders, heart conditions, sleep disorders, diabetes, and infection, all of which can come with sleep problems. I’ll talk more in depth about how sweat from these conditions affects sleep in a minute.

Excessive sweating can also be a side effect of medication. Medications that can cause hyperhidrosis include:

Antidepressants

migraine medications

pain relievers

medication for GERD

drugs that treat glaucoma

medications that treat neurological diseases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s

Some cancer drugs

It takes an average of about 9 years for people to seek medical assistance for excessive sweating. That’s a long time during which sleep can be disrupted, while restlessly sweating at night. It’s also a long time for conditions that produce hyperhidrosis to go untreated, along with your restless, unrefreshing sleep.

How night sweats affect sleep and health

Sleep hyperhidrosis can do a number on your sleep, diminishing sleep quality and lowering your amount of nighttime rest. Sweating at night makes it harder to fall asleep and more likely you’ll wake throughout the night, leaving you feeling tired, low energy, and fatigued during the day.

The consequences of night sweats go beyond sleep loss. Recent research show that the sleep loss from night sweats has a negative impact on mood: there’s a strong association between depressed mood and night sweats that scientists pinpointed to the sleep problems that arise from sweating. There’s also research indicating that night sweats are linked to increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Several studies have pointed to this connection between night sweats and heart disease risk. Many of those studies involve women in stages of menopause. It’s important that we see those studies continue, and broaden to include other populations, to evaluate the relationship between sleep hyperhidrosis and cardiovascular disease risk. 

Here’s another important dimension of night sweats that shouldn’t be overlooked. Night sweats can make sleeping with a bed partner difficult and put real stress on relationships. Discomfort, embarrassment, and trouble sleeping come together in a difficult mix for couples. It’s common for people who experiencing nighttime sweating to be uncomfortable sleeping close to another person. And sleeping next to a person with night sweats can disrupt partners’ sleep.

Conditions linked to night sweats

Obstructive sleep apnea. It might surprise you to hear that sleep apnea is strongly associated with night sweats. A recent study found people with untreated sleep apnea are about three times as likely as the general population to experience excessive sweating at night. This study found about a third of men and women with OSA had night sweats three or more times a week. The good news? According to research, treating sleep apnea with CPAP reduced the prevalence of night sweats in people with OSA to about the same levels as the overall population. If you’re experiencing night sweats, consider the possibility that this sweating is a sign of sleep apnea—and talk with your physician about an evaluation.

Hormone imbalances, including thyroid disorders and low sex hormones. The hypothalamus is the part of the brain that regulates body temperature. More broadly, this area of the brain is responsible for maintaining homeostasis, or internal balance. The hypothalamus regulates the production and release of hormones. (It’s also directly involved in regulating sleep cycles.) Hormone imbalances often go hand in hand with irregular, excessive sweating. One of the most common hormone irregularities linked to night sweats is an overactive thyroid, a condition known as hyperthyroidism. When hyperthyroidism occurs, the thyroid gland over-produces its hormone, thyroxine, leading to an overstimulation of the nervous system and a series of arousal-based symptoms, including nervousness and anxiety, irregular heartbeat, weight loss—and excessive sweating, both during the day and at night. According to research, people with hyperthyroidism have particular difficulty falling asleep and maintaining sleep throughout the night. In many cases, I will check for hyperthyroidism when evaluating someone with insomnia.

Other hormone imbalances that lead to night sweats include the low and fluctuating estrogen levels of menopause (more on that in a minute), and low testosterone in men. Testosterone declines naturally in men with age. We know that night sweats become more common in older adults. Medical conditions, including infection and injury to testes, metabolic disorders, inflammatory diseases and medications such as steroids and hormone therapy to treat cancer, are other causes of low testosterone that may lead to sleep hyperhidrosis.

Excessive adrenaline in the system can cause hyperhidrosis. Adrenaline is part of the body’s stress response, and stress is another reason behind sweating uncomfortably at night.

Low blood sugar. Night sweats often accompany hypoglycemia, or low blood glucose. Low blood sugar interferes with the activity of the nervous system, and its role in regulating body temperature and sweating. Night sweats are a common symptom of diabetes.

Cancer. Sweating at night can be a symptom of cancer. Night sweats are also one common side effect of both chemotherapy and radiation. These common cancer treatments also may trigger the onset of other medical conditions, such as hypothyroidism, alterations to mood and stress levels, and changes to hormone levels, all of which can cause sweating at night. Drugs used in cancer treatment, including hormone therapy medications, steroids, pain relievers, and antidepressant medications can also induce night sweats.

Infection. Night sweats frequently occur when the body is fighting infection, often accompanied by fever. Feeling unwell and experiencing night sweats can be a sign of the presence of infection.

GERD. Gastroesophageal reflux disease, GERD, or chronic acid reflux, is another cause of night sweats that surprises people. GERD has serious negative consequences for sleep. Because of lying down in bed, symptoms of GERD are often at their worst at night, as stomach acid rises through the esophagus and burns the back of the throat, making it difficult to fall asleep and keeping people in light, restless sleep. There’s also a large overlap between GERD and sleep apnea. Research suggests that roughly 60% of people with OSA also have GERD. Night sweats are another, lesser known symptom of GERD that can interrupt sleep and reduce its quality.

Menopause. In menopause, night sweats are one of the body’s responses to drops in estrogen. Many women start to experience night sweats during perimenopause, and uncomfortable, sleep disruptive sweating at night often increases in frequency until a woman reaches a couple years’ post-menopause, at which point night sweats tend to diminish. 

Obstructive sleep apnea becomes common in women as they age. By menopause, a woman’s risk for OSA is about equal to a man’s risk. Recent studies show a link between hot flashes and obstructive sleep apnea in menopausal women. According to the research, women with severe hot flashes during the day or night may be at significantly higher risk for obstructive sleep apnea than women who experience mild hot flashes, or none at all.

What you can do about night sweats

You know what I’m going to tell you first and foremost: talk with your physician. Excessive sweating, day or night, is an uncomfortable, disruptive problem that warrants your—and your doctor’s—attention. The associated sleep problems that come with hyperhidrosis also need to be addressed, to avoid the long-term consequences to health, performance and emotional well being that come from chronically disrupted sleep.

Wear light breathable fabrics to bed. Or sleep nude. When picking your pajamas, steer clear of synthetic fabrics that trap heat. Opt for cotton instead. Sleep in as little clothing as is comfortable for you—and try sleeping in the nude.

Select natural, non-synthetic bedding. Cotton sheets and blankets won’t trap heat the way polyester does. That super-soft microfleece blanket that keeps you warm may be keeping you too warm. Layer your bedding so it’s easy to remove a blanket to keep things cool.

Avoid heat-trapping memory foam. Pillows and mattresses made from memory foam create heat surrounding your body, which may exacerbate nighttime sweating.

Actively cool yourself during sleep. I recommend the Chilipad to my patients—it’s a mattress topper that enables you to exert control over your body temperature during sleep, to avoid being too hot (or too cold).

Nighttime sweating shouldn’t be ignored. Get to the bottom of your hyperhidrosis, find out whether there’s an underlying medical issue that’s causing it, and you’ll both feel better and improve your nightly rest.

Sweet Dreams,

Michael J. Breus, PhD

The Sleep Doctor

www.thesleepdoctor.com

    References

  Arnardottir, Erna Sif et al. (2013). Nocturnal sweating—a common symptom of obstructive sleep apnoea: the Icelandic sleep apnoea cohort. BMJ Open, 3(5). Retrieved from: https://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/3/5/e002795.short

  Chung, HF et al. (2018). The role of sleep difficulties in the vasomotor menopausal symptoms and depressed mood relationships: an international pooled analysis of eight studies in the InterLACE consortium. Psychological Medicine, 48(15): 2550-2561. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29429422

      Colvin, Natasha et al. (2018). Don’t sweat it—an overview of hyperhidrosis. US Pharmacist, 43(6): 15-18. Retrieved from: https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/dont-sweat-it-an-overview-of-hyperhidrosis

  Herber-Gast, G. et al. (2015). Hot flushes and night sweats are associated with coronary heart disease risk in midlife: a longitudinal study. BJOG, 122(11): 1560-7. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25377022

  Hyperthyroidism. (2018, November 30). Retrieved from: https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hyperthyroidism/symptoms-causes/syc-20373659

  Johnson, Jon. (2018, December 21). What do night sweats mean? Retrieved from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/324065.php

  Jung, Hye-Kyung, et al. (2010). Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Sleep Disorders: Evidence for a Causal Link and Therapeutic Implications. JNM, 16(1): 22-29. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2879818/

Mold, James W.  et al. (2004). Prevalence and Predictors of Night Sweats, Day Sweats, and Hot Flashes in Older Primary Care Patients: An OKPRN Study. Annals of Family Medicine, 2(5): 391-397. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1466726/

  North American Menopause Society. New study links severe hot flashes with greater risk of obstructive sleep apnea. (2017, November 1). Retrieved from: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2017-11-links-severe-hot-greater-obstructive.html

Orrange, Sharon. (2018, July 31). Is Your Medication Making You Sweat? 10 Drugs That Cause Excessive Sweating as a Side Effect. Retrieved from: https://www.goodrx.com/blog/medications-cause-excessive-sweating-side-effect/

Pines, A. (2011). Vasomotor symptoms and cardiovascular disease risk. Climateric, 14(5): 535-6. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21848496

Sassarni, J. and MA Lumsden. (2015). Vascular function and cardiovascular risk factors in women with severe flushing. Maturitas, 80(4): 379-83. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25704326

Sridhar, GR et al. (2011). Sleep in thyrotoxocis. Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 15(1): 23-26. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3079865/

Viera, Anthony J. et al. (2018). Diagnosing Night Sweats. American Family Physician, 65(15):1019-1024. Retrieved from: https://www.aafp.org/afp/2003/0301/p1019.html

Wu, Brian. (2018, October 9). Does cancer cause night sweats? Retrieved from: https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/314008.php

Young, P et al. (2007). Gastroesophageal reflux as a cause of night sweating. Anales de Medicina Interna, 24(6): 285-8. Retrieved from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17907900

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Paleo & High Blood Pressure

A billion people worldwide including 79 million Americans (that’s one out of three adults over the age of 20) has high blood pressure (HBP or hypertension). Hypertension represents a real threat to public health since it is now the greatest mortality risk factor in both men and women and its prevalence is increasing.

At the current rate, close to half of all adult Americans will have hypertension by 2030. This year alone, over 65,000 Americans will die of HBP complications. (1,2)

Why has HBP reached such epidemic proportions? The conventional answer is that nobody knows. In fact, 95 percent of hypertension is considered “essential” meaning it has no known cause. It’s clear, however, that like other diseases of civilization such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s, and osteoporosis, our modern lifestyle plays a paramount role.

It is extremely rare to find HBP in contemporary hunter-gatherer societies and like other chronic diseases of civilization, the rise of HBP follows our movement out of hunter-gatherer and pastoral lifestyles and into an increasingly high tech, urbanized world. We adapt enough to survive in this world, but do not thrive in it due to:

Our processed food diets

Exposure to environmental toxins both physical and psychological

Inadequate sleep, sun, and exercise

Disturbed circadian rhythms

Weakened microbiome

High blood pressure has genetic determinants, but is also very much a manifestation of a larger problem: our disconnect from nature and our traditional diet and lifestyles. (3,4,5)

Current treatment recommendations for hypertension involve lifestyle modifications and medication. (6) However, all too often we rely on meds over lifestyle changes because, as we all know, change is hard. Friends, I’m here to tell you that taking the Paleo plunge is worth it! The Paleo diet and lifestyle can have therapeutic value for HBP and that’s what this post is about. (7)

Let’s talk about blood pressure and what we can do about it with a Paleo approach!

What is Blood Pressure?

Blood pressure is the strength of your blood pushing against the arteries, veins, and capillaries of your circulatory system. Every time your heart beats it creates a force against your blood vessels known as systolic blood pressure (systole) and every time your heart rests between beats, it creates a second force known as diastolic blood pressure (diastole).

When you or your doctor takes your blood pressure, it is these two forces that are measured and reported as millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) with systole before or over diastole. (Millimeters of mercury is the gold standard of blood pressure measurement whether a column of mercury or a more portable digital converter is used.) For instance, a blood pressure reading of 115/75 mm Hg means that your systolic pressure is 115 mm Hg and your diastolic pressure is 75 mmHg.

There are four categories of blood pressure risk that are recognized by leading heart health organizations including the American Heart Association (AHA), the American College of Cardiology (ACC), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC):

Normal (healthy) blood pressure: systolic pressure under 120 and/or diastolic pressure under 80

Prehypertension: systolic pressure of 120-139 and/or diastolic pressure of 80-89

Stage 1 hypertension: systolic pressure of 140-159 and/or diastolic pressure of 90-99

Stage 2 hypertension: systolic pressure of ≥159 and/or diastolic pressure of ≥99

Indications for Health

Even in the prehypertension category, your circulatory system is working harder with less efficiency. There are no symptoms and when left undetected or untreated, chronic HBP damages blood vessels in a variety of ways such as creating small tears in artery walls, contributing to plaque buildup, and reducing blood vessel elasticity. At any stage of hypertension, you’re at greater risk for development of debilitating and life-threatening conditions:

Heart attack—Blood cannot get to the heart due to narrowed and blocked arteries.

Stroke—Damaged blood vessels in the brain become blocked or burst.

Heart failure—An enlarged but weakened heart cannot supply enough blood to the body.

Kidney disease or failure—Damaged arteries starve the kidneys of oxygen and nutrients and affect the filtration process. Eventually the kidneys can fail.

Vision loss—When oxygen and nutrients can’t get to the eyes, sight is reduced.

Sexual dysfunction—The result of a lack of blood flow to sex organs in both men and women.

Angina—Chest pain from tiny vascular tears.

Peripheral artery disease (PAD)—The narrowing of the arteries that causes pain or fatigue.

A Paleo Approach for Hypertension Risk Factors

In its most basic form, following a Paleo diet means eating nutrient dense vegetables, fruits, meats, fish, healthy fats, nuts, and seeds while avoiding grains, beans, soy, dairy, refined vegetable oils, and refined sugar.

In its broadest form, the Paleo diet places value on locally grown food that is produced ethically and sustainably and mimics the traditional human diet by including pastured meats and wild fish from animals that ate appropriately for their species and plant foods grown free of pesticides, herbicides, and other potential toxins. Paleo also places a premium on certain unrefined fats and oils such as coconut oil that are known to have health benefits.

In addition to eating well, Paleo lifestylers prioritize sun time, fun time, exercise, and sleep and you’ll see that all of the following HBP risk factors can be addressed with Paleo lifestyle modifications. Of course, if you are under a doctor’s care for HBP, and especially if you are on any blood pressure lowering medications, you should consult your doctor before making any major dietary or lifestyle changes.

Age, Ethnicity, and Family History

The field of epigenetics explores how external stimuli such as our environment doesn’t change our genes but changes how they express themselves. Even the seemingly immutable factors of age, ethnicity, and family history may be favorably influenced by a supportive environment more like our Paleo past. (8)

Overweight

Although weight loss may not affect the consequences of HBP, it can lower pressure enough to prevent further damage and perhaps avoid the need for medications. (9) The Paleo diet promotes weight loss by addressing food sensitivities, eliminating processed food, and minimizing high glycemic carbohydrates.

Physical Inactivity

The Paleo lifestyle encourages fitness because it can do you a world of good on so many levels. It’s so important that it’s a pillar of Paleo, right up there with diet and sleep! Both moderate intensity aerobic exercise and dynamic resistance exercise, but not necessarily isometric resistance training, can help in the prevention and management of stage 1 hypertension. (10)

Excess Alcohol

Chronic heavy drinking (which is only three drinks a day for men and less for women) is associated with an increased incidence of hypertension. Conversely, following public health advice to imbibe with a maximum of two drinks a day for men and one for women has been shown to lower blood pressure. (11) If you’re curious about what to drink and what not to drink on Paleo, here is a post for you. Paleo Margarita, anyone?

Smoking

Smoking is just bad for you. Bad. Bad. Bad. Don’t do it.

Stress

Both physical and psychological stress contribute to HBP. (12) Practicing meditation and an attitude of gratitude can help to manage stressful stimuli with more calm.

Lack of Sleep

Like diet and exercise, sleep is a pillar of wellness. If you want to improve anything in your life, it starts with sleep! Sleep heals illness and reduces stress. Over the past 50 years, the average American’s sleep has decreased from eight or more hours to less than seven hours, while chronic diseases such as HBP have been on the rise. We spend a lot of time in the Paleo community talking about food, but in all honesty, sleep is just as important to our health! Addressing sleep disorders and getting at least seven hours a night is a helpful blood pressure hack. (13)

Health Conditions

Hypothyroidism, diabetes, gout, kidney disease, and adrenal fatigue are all associated with blood pressure changes. Autoimmune hypothyroidism, or Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, is associated with low blood pressure (LBP), and adrenal fatigue is associated with both high and low blood pressure. So, how does Paleo address LBP? Much the same as it does HBP: by addressing conditions or risk factors that cause low blood pressure in the first place. The best foods to support adrenal and thyroid health are the foods that promote good health in general: whole, unprocessed foods that are packed full of nutrients. Vegetables, low-glycemic fruits, nuts, seeds, grass-fed meats, eggs, and fish. For more detailed food lists, read more about thyroid health and adrenal health in detail.

High Carbohydrate Diet

Although not strictly defined as such, the relatively low carb nature of the Paleo diet may help lower blood pressure via improved glucose tolerance and lower blood triglycerides and improved arterial distensibility even without weight loss. Reducing carbohydrates to purposely induce ketosis has also been shown to lower blood pressure. (14,15)

Excess Salt Intake: Minerals and High Blood Pressure

Adequate dietary intakes of sodium and potassium are essential for optimal health. The RDA for sodium is less than 2,300 mg/day (1 teaspoon) or even less at 1,500 mg a day if you’re 51 or older, or if you are African American, have high blood pressure, diabetes, or chronic kidney disease. The RDA for potassium in an adult diet is 4,700 mg/day.

A person eating a standard American diet typically consumes about 3,400 mg of sodium a day or 1½ teaspoons salt, mostly from processed foods and only 2,640 mg potassium day, again a result of a mostly processed foods diet.

Compare that to our ancestors who likely ate around 768 mg sodium/day and greater than 10,000 mg potassium/day! Although reducing sodium intake is hallmark of conventional HBP treatment, many studies have shown that the ratio of sodium-to-potassium is a better predictor of HBP than either sodium or potassium alone, and a diet moderate in sodium and high in potassium may be the healthiest bet. (16)

Studies on the efficacy of salt reduction are mixed and it’s unclear if reducing salt to recommended levels is universally beneficial. In fact, it may even be harmful for some people. For example, salt restriction is associated with insulin resistance, elevated triglycerides, and elevated stress hormones. (17,18)

In fact, sodium restriction appears to lead to the very things it is supposed to decrease, including risk for stroke and heart disease. A very large study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that people who consumed a moderate amount of sodium, between 3000 to 6000 mg/day, were healthier than people who consumed either more than this or less. (19)

If you follow a diet free from processed food, use high-quality salt to taste (like Himalayan salt) and eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. On a plan like that, your sodium-to-potassium ratio will naturally fall into a desirable range.

The following is a list of common Paleo foods and their potassium content. (Incidentally, animal foods typically provide about 1,500 mg potassium per pound.)

Need some great recipes full of potassium? Go ahead and whip up a big batch of Traditional Mashed Potatoes. Or if you prefer sweet potatoes, believe it or not you can slow cook them! Our Slow Cooker Bacon and Spinach Stuffed Sweet Potatoes just about cooks itself. If you’re really short on prep time, try our beautifully hued Beets and Berries Smoothie (and throw a handful of beet greens in for extra potassium!).

Potassium isn’t the only mineral to star in the show. Both calcium and magnesium appear to have an inverse relationship to blood pressure but their therapeutic value takes a back seat to potassium. Although the actual effect of these two minerals on blood pressure remains questionable, maintaining dietary adequacy is recommended. (20)

It’s easy to get enough calcium on the Paleo diet, if you’re mindful about it and eat your greens as well as some bones. Greens and bones? Yes, calcium is very well absorbed from these foods. Bones such as the soft ends off soup bones or small soft fish bones, collard greens, canned salmon with bones, and turnip greens, all provide more absorbable calcium than milk. Sardines with bones are a very close second to milk with bok choy, broccoli, kale, and mustard greens following. (21,22)

Here are some Paleo recipes rich in calcium and magnesium:

Sardine Salad

Collard Greens

Sweet Potato and Kale Masala Casserole

Chocolate Coconut Drops

Creamy Chard

Spiced Roasted Pumpkin Seeds

Foods & Nutrients That Benefit Blood Pressure Health

Within the Paleo diet are certain foods that are extra beneficial for your blood pressure health:

Celery

Celeriac

Beets (Beets again! Beets and their greens win the MVP award for best potential therapeutic value for HBP!)

Chard

Lettuce

Spinach

Arugula

Watercress

All of these foods have something in common: they’re high in naturally occurring nitrites that our bodies can convert to nitric oxide. Nitric oxide increases vasodilation and lowers blood pressure. It’s believed a diet rich in nitrite-containing vegetables is a main reason the DASH diet works to reduce blood pressure. Getting sun and exercise also helps boost nitric oxide. (23) Incidentally, bacon contains nitrites but cooking it at high heat turns them into nitrosamines so eat bacon because you love it, not for a boost in nitric oxide.

Tea

Despite the fact the caffeine can cause a temporary spike in blood pressure, both green and black teas are associated with overall improvements in systolic and diastolic pressures. Hibiscus tea has been shown to act as well as the ACE inhibitor lisinopril by relaxing blood vessels and reducing the amount of water reabsorbed by the kidneys. (24,25)

Fatty Fish

Eating fatty fish such as salmon, tuna, mackerel and sardines provides the omega-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA which at high enough doses, may help to reduce high blood pressure. However, it takes a commitment to eating enough fish to make a difference. A meta-analysis showed that omega-3 intake of greater than 2 grams/day can reduce both systolic and diastolic pressure and 1-2 grams/day can reduce systole. For perspective, a 3-ounce serving of wild salmon (coho, sockeye, chum, and pink) provides 500-1000mg omega-3 fatty acids. (26)

Garlic

Garlic is well known as a functional food for hypertension. Garlic contains 33 sulfur compounds that are responsible for its medicinal effects. Allicin is one of the most biologically active sulfur compounds in garlic but to activate it, you have to cut or crush the cloves. It only takes 1-3 cloves of fresh garlic to elicit blood pressure lowering effects. (27)

Summing Up Blood Pressure Health & Paleo

Contemporary hunter-gatherer societies live in accordance with their environment and they do not suffer from high blood pressure. Neither should we! Mimicking the hunter-gatherer lifestyle encourages practices that are aligned with our genetic inheritance and can act as an epigenetic reset for our health.

Getting exercise, time in the sun, and hacking stress responses are all in a day’s work for Paleo lifestylers. In addition to placing a premium on foods with the highest nutritional value and the lowest toxic loads, Paleo eaters can maximize their omega-3 fatty acid intake and maintain a favorable sodium-to-potassium ratio and benefit from way more vitamins, minerals, phytonutrients, and healthy bioactive compounds than conventional diets can provide.

The Paleo diet is part of a lifestyle that turns your body into the highly efficient, optimally functioning machine it is meant to be. This is what nature has always intended. By living and eating closer to the way our ancestors did, we can harness the ancient power of our genes to our modern advantage and turn the tide on all the chronic diseases of civilization, including high blood pressure.

The post Paleo & High Blood Pressure appeared first on Paleo Plan.

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7 Important Reason for developing Menstrual Disorder

Menstruation is a natural part of a woman’s life, but when it becomes irregular or disruptive, it can be a source of frustration and concern. Menstrual disorders encompass a wide range of issues, including irregular periods, heavy bleeding, missed periods, and more. To effectively address these concerns, it’s crucial to understand the multitude of factors that can contribute to these problems. In this comprehensive blog, Dr. Kunnal Shinde (Gynecologist in Baner, Pune) has guided on the common causes of menstrual disorders, shedding light on why they occur and providing insights into potential solutions. If want more information and Menstruation treatment in Baner, Pune then Visit Dr. Kunnal Shinde at Jupiter Hospital, Pune.

7 Important Reason for developing Menstrual disorder:

Hormonal Imbalance: Hormones play a central role in regulating the menstrual cycle. Estrogen and progesterone need to maintain a delicate balance for your periods to occur regularly. When this balance is disrupted, it can lead to irregular periods, heavy bleeding, or missed periods. Several factors can trigger hormonal imbalances, including stress, excessive exercise, significant weight changes, and underlying medical conditions.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS):PCOS is a prevalent condition among women of reproductive age. It’s characterized by the development of small cysts on the ovaries, which can disrupt hormone levels and menstrual regularity. PCOS often comes with additional symptoms, such as acne, weight gain, and excess hair growth. Early diagnosis and management are essential for women with PCOS.

Stress and Lifestyle Factors:The demands of a busy, modern lifestyle can take a toll on your menstrual health. Chronic stress, poor nutrition, and excessive physical activity can disrupt the regularity of your menstrual cycle. This can lead to irregular periods or even amenorrhea, the absence of menstruation. Practicing stress management techniques, maintaining a balanced diet, and incorporating relaxation into your daily routine can help restore hormonal balance.

Thyroid Disorders: Thyroid issues, such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism, can impact your menstrual cycle. An underactive thyroid can cause heavy or prolonged periods, while an overactive thyroid might result in shorter or lighter cycles. Treating the underlying thyroid condition can help regulate your periods.

Uterine Fibroids: Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths in the uterus that can lead to heavy menstrual bleeding, pain, and irregular periods. These fibroids can vary in size and number, resulting in a range of symptoms. Treatment options include medications, minimally invasive procedures, or surgical removal.

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID):Infections, such as PID, can harm the fallopian tubes and uterus, leading to scar tissue and changes in the menstrual cycle. Timely medical intervention is crucial if you suspect an infection, as untreated PID can have serious consequences.

Menopause Transition:Menopause, typically occurring in a woman’s late 40s to early 50s, represents a natural phase in a woman’s life. During this transition, menstrual cycles can become irregular and eventually cease. This period of change is marked by a variety of symptoms, including hot flashes, mood swings, and changes in menstrual patterns.

Conclusion:

Menstrual disorders can significantly impact a woman’s quality of life, but understanding the potential causes is the first step toward seeking appropriate care and solutions. If you’re experiencing irregular periods, heavy bleeding, or other menstrual abnormalities, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional. A thorough evaluation will help identify the underlying cause and guide you toward personalized treatment options. Addressing the root cause is key to managing and improving your menstrual health. Don’t let these issues affect your well-being; take proactive steps to regain control and seek the help you deserve.

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Can Gluten Affect Your Hormones?

How Gluten Affects Your Hormones

Hormones are chemicals produced by various glands throughout your body and released to regulate specific functions. For example, your thyroid hormone helps regulate your metabolism. Estrogen, a sex hormone, helps regulate menstruation in women. And cortisol, a stress hormone, helps regulate blood pressure. Thus, hormones play many vital roles, which means any imbalances can lead to dysfunction and disease.

Symptoms of Hormonal Imbalances

A hormone imbalance occurs when there’s too much or not enough of a specific hormone circulating in your bloodstream at a specific time. For example, estrogen rises and falls twice throughout your menstrual cycle. And insulin rises after you eat and falls hours later.

Sadly, hormonal imbalances are prevalent in today’s modern world. Common symptoms include (but are not limited to):

Painful and/or irregular periods

Infertility

Low libido

Headaches

Fatigue

Weight gain

Mood swings and irritability

Insomnia

Skin rashes, dry skin, and acne

Brain fog

Hair loss

Anxiety and depression

Hot flashes

Muscle aches and stiffness

Constipation or diarrhea

And while these symptoms are common, they’re not normal. These are signs that something isn’t quite right. 

Causes of Hormonal Imbalances

There are many avenues to explore when it comes to hormonal imbalances. Stress, environmental toxins, disease, medications, and physical injuries to glands. But one that often gets overlooked is nutrition. And gluten alone can cause a wide range of hormonal problems. 

Nutrition and Your Hormones

Your diet plays a significant role in hormone health. For example, your body needs certain nutrients to synthesize hormones. Steroid hormones, such as estrogen and testosterone, are made from cholesterol. And insulin is made from protein.

Vitamins and minerals also regulate the synthesis of hormones. For instance, in the absence of iodine, your thyroid hormone production decreases. Therefore, an iodine deficiency can lead to hypothyroidism (a.k.a. under active or low thyroid).

This is relevant because those with gluten sensitivity often experience nutrient deficiencies. Essentially, gluten irritates and damages the lining of the small intestine. And the small intestine is responsible for a significant portion of digestion and nutrient absorption.

Plus, grain-based foods, such as bread, pasta, crackers, and sweets, are heavily processed and void of essential nutrients.

Gluten is an Endocrine Disruptor

An endocrine disruptor is a substance that can mimic your hormones and lead to imbalances, dysfunction, and disease. For instance, they can bind to hormone receptors on your cells and trigger a response. Sometimes the response may be too strong, not strong enough, or different than desired.

Gluten itself can act as an endocrine disruptor. More specifically, gluten proteins may cross-react with antigens on your cells and trigger an inflammatory immune response. This helps explain why several common abnormalities among those with celiac disease are hormonal in nature, including delayed puberty, type 1 diabetes, low thyroid, and low cortisol. 

Wheat is also sprayed with an herbicide known as glyphosate before harvesting to help speed up the drying process. And glyphosate is a known hormone disruptor in human cells. Plus, it’s toxic effects can also damage your DNA.

In addition, some pesticides used to grow grains can also have endocrine-disrupting effects. And studies have shown they can alter the synthesis or action of a wide range of hormones, including estrogen, testosterone, thyroid hormone, cortisol, progesterone, and prolactin.

Gluten and Cortisol Imbalances

As previously mentioned, cortisol is a stress hormone produced and secreted by your adrenal glands. Cortisol naturally rises and falls throughout the day. At normal levels, cortisol helps regulate your metabolism, blood pressure, and blood sugar. It also helps reduce inflammation.

However, when under stress, a cascade of events triggers your adrenal glands to release adrenaline and increase the output of cortisol to support your body’s “fight or flight” response. 

This response is necessary to combat acute stress. For example, cortisol raises your blood sugar to ensure you have the energy you need to overcome the threat at hand. However, many people today are under constant stress, whether it be emotional, physical, or often a combination of both.

Chronic inflammation caused by gluten is a form of physical stress, which can raise your cortisol levels. If untreated, the consequences are far-reaching. For example, elevated cortisol hinders digestion, growth, and reproduction as well as immune function. There’s even a connection to a region in the brain that controls your mood.

Thus, symptoms associated with high cortisol include anxiety, depression, weight gain, digestive dysfunction, poor sleep, muscle weakness, and lack of focus among others. High cortisol is also associated with high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes, hirsutism in women (excessive growth of dark, thick hair), and osteoporosis.

On the other hand, celiac disease is associated with Addison’s disease, an autoimmune condition that attacks your adrenal glands and causes low cortisol (a.k.a. adrenal insufficiency).

An animal study found that glyphosate directly influenced the adrenal glands, which led to abnormally low levels of cortisol. The symptoms mimicked adrenal insufficiency, which caused fatigue, anxiety, sweating, and weight loss. Other symptoms of adrenal insufficiency include low blood sugar, dehydration, and low blood pressure.

In addition, nutrient deficiencies caused by gluten can play a role in the development of Addison’s disease. For example, vitamin D appears to be involved in regulating genes responsible for the synthesis of cortisol.

Gluten and Sex Hormone Imbalances

The three sex hormones are estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone. They play a role in the development of sex distinguishing features as well as reproduction. Thus, common abnormalities and conditions associated with sex hormone imbalances include:

Infertility

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Headaches

Irregular or missing periods

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

Low libido

Your sex hormones may be affected by endocrine disruptors as I mentioned above. Gluten-induced inflammation, an overactive immune system, other hormonal imbalances (e.g., cortisol, thyroid hormone, prolactin), and nutrient deficiencies are also potential problems. This may help explain why those with celiac disease and gluten sensitivity are prone to the abnormalities listed above. 

Science tells us that women with celiac disease are more likely to experience infertility and menstrual abnormalities than the general population. And these conditions are commonly linked to low progesterone, low thyroid hormone, and high prolactin.

If untreated, celiac disease also appears to increase a woman’s risk of abnormal fetal growth, unexplained miscarriage, and preterm birth.

A study comparing pregnancy outcomes of mothers with celiac disease on a gluten-free diet versus untreated mothers found the following:

The relative risk of miscarriage was 8.9 times higher in the untreated group

The relative risk of low birth weight was 5.84 times higher in the untreated group

The duration of breastfeeding was 2.54 times shorter in the untreated group

These are significant consequences. However, the same researchers also found that these outcomes were corrected with a gluten-free diet.

The exact mechanisms behind these correlations are not fully understood yet. But researchers believe an overactive immune system plays a role. 

For example, one study found that celiac disease autoantibodies were binding to the placenta and causing dysfunction. And it’s worth noting that once established, the placenta is responsible for producing both progesterone and estrogen.

Another study analyzed the placentas from 32 full-term births of mothers with celiac disease. Of the mothers with untreated cases, researchers found large concentrations of gliadin, a gluten protein, in the cells of the placenta. And the birth weights of the babies in these cases were lower. This may suggest that gluten proteins interact unfavorably with the placenta in genetically susceptible women.

Gluten and Thyroid Hormone 

Hypothyroidism is a condition in which your thyroid gland fails to produce enough thyroid hormone, which can cause most of the symptoms I listed in the introduction of this article. This is possible because your thyroid hormone helps regulate many functions, including your metabolism, brain development, protein synthesis, and bone growth to name a few.

There are four main causes of thyroid hormone dysfunction, which include:

Autoimmune disease (a.k.a. Hashimoto’s)

Nutrient deficiencies that affect the production, regulation, and/or activation of thyroid hormone

Chemical exposures/endocrine disruptors (e.g., glyphosate)

Physical damage to the thyroid gland

Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Celiac disease is associated with many other autoimmune diseases, including Hashimoto’s. Essentially, damage to the lining of the gut leads to inflammation, over stimulation of the immune system, and cross-reactivity of gluten proteins with antigens on the thyroid gland. If unchecked, Hashimoto’s is likely to develop.

Science has shown that women with autoimmune thyroid disease that were put on a gluten-free diet experienced a reduction in antibodies that attack the thyroid as well as an increase in thyroid hormone and vitamin D. However, women in a control group that kept gluten in their diet didn’t experience any of these clinical changes.

Another study evaluated a diet without gluten and found that it significantly reduced markers associated with inflammation and immune system activation in women with Hashimoto’s. Plus, the women in the study experienced a reduction in related symptoms.

Nutrient Deficiencies and Thyroid Hormone

As previously mentioned, gluten can cause nutrient deficiencies. One nutrient specifically that greatly affects the thyroid is selenium. It’s necessary for the production and activity of thyroid hormone. Selenium also acts as an antioxidant and helps protect the thyroid gland from damage. Thus, gluten-induced selenium deficiency is believed to lead to thyroid dysfunction.

Other common nutrient deficiencies caused by gluten that are necessary for optimal thyroid function include magnesium, zinc, vitamin D, and vitamin B12.

Gluten and Insulin

When you eat a diet rich in heavily processed gluten-rich foods, it has a negative impact on your metabolic hormones. Because these foods contain high amounts of quickly digested starch and sugar, which spikes your insulin and can lead to chronically high insulin levels over time.

Insulin is a fat-storing hormone secreted by your pancreas. It pushes all sources of energy into your cells and excess energy gets stored as fat. It also prevents your body from burning stored fat.

If unchecked, insulin resistance, obesity, and type 2 diabetes are likely to develop. All of these conditions are inflammatory. Insulin resistance is also closely linked to polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), which is characterized by elevated testosterone in women that causes infertility, hirsutism, and abnormal periods.

Gluten and Prolactin

The last hormone I want to discuss is prolactin–a hormone secreted by your pituitary gland that works with estrogen and progesterone to develop breast tissue and prepare for lactation.

There’s evidence that a compound in gluten acts as an opioid compound in the brain, which leads to an excess of prolactin. Researchers also suggest inflammation associated with gluten can contribute to elevated prolactin levels, which can cause low libido, irregular periods, infertility, bone loss, and erectile dysfunction.

Can Gluten Affect Your Hormones?

Hormonal balance is essential for optimal health. And gluten can affect many hormones throughout your body as well as trigger a cascade of hormone-related problems. Thus, if you’re experiencing any hormonal imbalance symptoms, don’t rule gluten out as a contributing factor. A gluten-free diet may be what your body needs most.

Have you recovered hormone function after going gluten free?  Chime in below.

The post Can Gluten Affect Your Hormones? appeared first on Gluten-Free Society.

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Naturopathic Treatments For Men’s Fertility

We don’t talk about male reproductive health as often as we should, considering how crucial it is for a man's emotional and physical well-being.

Thankfully, there are naturopathic treatments for men that work to improve your fertility by ensuring the overall health of your reproductive system.

But what are common male fertility issues, and what steps can you take from home to improve your fertility?

Let's dive into all there is to know about men's fertility, and the naturopathic solutions for your reproductive well-being.

Male Infertility By The Numbers

Infertility is known to affect approximately 15% of couples worldwide, with male infertility contributing to about 50% of cases.

Some of the important factors we look at when it comes to men's fertility include sperm quality and quantity.

Overall sperm counts are reported to have fallen almost 50% since the 1930s – although the exact number is impossible to know for sure, it's accepted that sperm counts have declined over the past few decades.

Potential Causes Of Fertility Issues In Men

Infertility can be a frustrating issue to solve, due to its emotional (and sometimes physical) toll.

In general, if your overall health is lacking, then your reproductive health may be lacking too.

Let's look at some of the most common causes of fertility issues in men.

1. A Thyroid Disorder

Thyroid disorders are indeed more common in women, but they can also affect men – and may be the cause of your issues with fertility.

The thyroid gland, located at the base of your neck, is responsible for producing the hormones that control your metabolism.

Hyperthyroidism (too much thyroid hormone) and hypothyroidism (too little thyroid hormone) are two common thyroid malfunctions, but there are other conditions that affect how your thyroid gland produces and regulates hormones.

In fact, one third of all hypothyroidism cases are male patients, and can lead to male infertility if left untreated.

Hypothyroidism can lead to infertility because of how it affects your semen quality and sperm count; plus, it can cause erectile dysfunction and reduced testicular function.

Typical symptoms of hypothyroidism include weight gain, mood and energy level issues, fatigue, hair loss, dry skin, cold sensitivity, insomnia, and constipation.

On the other hand, hyperthyroidism manifests in similar yet different ways: symptoms of an overactive thyroid gland often cause anxiety, increased appetite, rapid heart rate, heat sensitivity, and weight loss.

If you think you may have a thyroid condition impacting your infertility and your overall well-being, consider talking to your health provider about getting your hormone levels checked.

2. Low Sperm Count

Sperm count, or the average number of sperm per semen sample, is an important factor for male fertility

The World Health Organization states a healthy sperm count is 15 million sperm per millilitre of semen, or at least 39 million sperm per semen sample.

The reason why experts believe sperm counts are drastically declining across the world is ultimately unknown, but we do know some factors that impact sperm count and quality.

3. Certain Prescription Drugs

Some prescription drugs can affect how your body produces sperm, from quantity to quality.

These effects are not necessarily permanent, however – once you stop taking the drug in question, your sperm counts may go back to normal.

Some of these drugs include: • Anti-androgens • Anti-inflammatories • Some antibiotics • Anabolic steroids • Antipsychotics • Methadone • Corticosteroids

If you are currently taking one of these drugs, it may be the culprit causing your fertility issues – make sure to consult with your doctor if you are having issues conceiving.

4. Poor Nutrition

Nutrition is another big factor that can interfere with healthy sperm production.

If you aren't eating a balanced diet of whole foods, your reproductive health may suffer the consequences.

Unhealthy fats are important to avoid – this 2014 study shows how the consumption of unhealthy fatty acids is linked to a proportionate decrease in sperm count.

Also, you should consider avoiding foods high in phytoestrogens such as soy products. These may reduce sperm production and testosterone bonding.

Plastics and canned foods are often high in synthetic estrogen, so eating a healthy diet of whole foods and avoiding prepackaged foods is a great way to set yourself up for success.

5. Emotional Stress

There are countless benefits to reducing stress, and fertility is no exception.

Stress causes your body to act defensively and direct energy away from reproduction.

You can reduce stress by exercising, sleeping well and enough, and participating in mindfulness techniques – but in general, how you manage your stress is up to you.

For natural tips on stress relief, talk to your naturopathic doctor.

Lifestyle Changes For Male Fertility

Some of the most important steps you can take to improve your fertility can be taken at home.

Simple lifestyle changes can make a big difference when you're struggling to conceive.

1. Eat A Healthier Diet

Proper nutrition is incredibly important for your overall health, and it will have an impact on your reproductive health.

It's especially important to consume antioxidants because they help remove toxins, slow tissue damage, and have an effect on your sperm quantity and quality.

To ensure your sperm is bountiful and healthy, consider adding some of these antioxidant-rich foods to your diet: • Fish and seafood • Nuts and seeds • Foods high in vitamin C (citrus, leafy greens, nightshades) • Foods high in vitamin E (nuts, vegetable oils) • Cruciferous vegetables

Healthy fats are also a great addition to your diet, including omega-3 and omega-6 fats.

They have a very positive effect on sperm development, and healthy fats actually contribute to the healthy development of the sperm membrane.

Other foods known to improve sperm count include: • Dark chocolate • Whole wheat and grains • Bananas • Vitamin D enhanced milk products • Aromatics such as ginseng and turmeric • Fermented nuts and seeds

2. Start Exercising

From stress relief to weight loss, exercise can positively affect your fertility in a number of ways.

Plus, regular exercise will help improve your sleep quality, which contributes to overall health and well-being.

Even light exercise, like walking instead of driving to work one day a week, can work to improve your sperm count and quality.

3. Supplement With Vitamin D

Approximately 32% of Canadians are deficient in vitamin D, and men typically have less vitamin D in their blood than women.

These numbers get even lower in the winter, when you're spending much less time outside in the sun.

There are a number of factors that contribute to our country-wide deficiency, from skin colour to dietary habits to sun position.

This deficiency is especially problematic if you’re trying to conceive, because low vitamin D intake affects healthy sperm development.

Although we know vitamin D is responsible for bone health, it also plays a big role in fertility.

This 2012 study shows the importance of vitamin D for reproductive health, highlighting the immense diversity of how this vitamin impacts your body.

4. Avoid Alcohol And Tobacco

We all know alcohol and tobacco are substances that can have negative impacts on our health.

However, those impacts can be easier to ignore if you aren't trying to conceive.

Cutting out smoking and drinking (or drinking in moderation) can have a great impact on your sperm count.

Alcohol in particular can affect your reproductive health in a number of ways, from a lowered libido to sperm quality to impotence.

Smoking is obviously terrible for your body in countless ways, but it’s especially damaging when it comes to fertility.

Talk to your medical provider for tips on how to cut these habits from your lifestyle at least a couple of months before trying to conceive.

5. Address The Root Cause Of Your Fertility Issues

The struggle for conception can be immensely frustrating when you don't know what is causing your fertility issues.

However, there are natural solutions that can help improve your fertility and give you a positive start on the path to fatherhood.

For more information and resources on men's fertility, contact us at Annex Naturopathic.

Our experienced naturopathic doctors will work with you to determine any potential causes or factors that may be impacting your ability to conceive.

If you have any questions about how naturopathic medicine can be a powerful tool in your quest to conceive, we would love to hear from you.

Contact Annex Naturopathic today.

If you’re curious to learn more about this subject or would like to consult with one of our NDs feel free to book a visit or contact us.

Yours in Health,

Dr. Marnie Luck, N.D

Annex Naturopathic Clinic 572 Bloor St W #201, Toronto, ON M6G 1K1 -https://goo.gl/maps/uVRBvcyoUa62

Annex Naturopathic Clinic is a clinic in Toronto that offers integrative healthcare solutions from Drs. Marnie Luck, ND, and Tanya Lee, ND

Discover more tips about health, wellness, naturopathy, and medicine at: naturopathic clinic Toronto

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Get The Best Treatment For Hair Loss.

Alopecia refers to any form of hair loss, hair thinning or balding anywhere in the body of an individual. We have a doctor that are experts in treatment for hair loss. As though this very most common and natural one is ageing takes place. Hair loss often goes untreated, since it is not considered as a disease, besides regular hair fall is also a natural phenomenon that we have been treating. However, this can lead to unfortunate consequences, if the hair fall is more than normal but still needs to have a consultant with a specialist. On an average rate of hair loss is between 80 - 100 hairs a day, of the 100,000 to 150,000 hairs on an adult head. There is a cause for concern if the hair loss is double than that amount. Acute hair loss, or a sudden increase in hair loss, could occur due to many reasons such as stress, pregnancy in women, male pattern baldness, female pattern baldness, exposure to strong sunlight, anaemia, hypothyroidism’, vitamin B deficiency, an autoimmune disorder, chemotherapy, etc.

What are the symptoms of alopecia/hair loss? How is alopecia/hair loss diagnosed?

The symptoms of alopecia or hair loss include:

·         Excessive hair loss ( more than 150 hairs a day) from the scalp

·         Hair loss from other parts of the body, apart from your head/scalp

·         Thinning of hair on your head

·         A receding of hairline

·         Patches of broken hairs on head

·         An m shaped pattern in front of your head, just above your forehead

·         Clumps of hair on your pillow while you sleep

·         Complete loss of all hair from the head

·         Complete loss of all hair on the entire body

·         Excessive hair loss while shampooing

Diagnosis

We have the best hair specialist in Bangalore, that will ask you your basic medical history, your family’s medical history, and especially about hair loss history in the family. By looking at your symptoms, and then we examine a few of your hairs under a microscope then we will be able to diagnose if it is a case of alopecia areata. Sometime we may also perform a scalp biopsy to rule out the possibilities of fungal, ringworm or other infections. The specialist we have may also suggest a blood test to determine if the cause of hair loss is an autoimmune disease or hormonal imbalance.

What are the complications of alopecia/hair loss?

Mostly, the complications we face of hair loss or alopecia are mainly psychological in nature. Hair loss can affect you emotionally, and cause you to feel that your identity is being threatened since it has to do with your self-image that you want to portray to others. We have hair treatment clinic in Bangalore where we have experienced doctors and specialist treating you.

If you are suffering from excessive hair loss, then we not only recommend you to undergo treatment immediately for it, but also to undergo counselling and talk therapy is important, which will not only help you manage your symptoms, but also boost up your self-image, self-confidence and help you to wholeheartedly accept yourself as you are.