#cladina

[balthazarslostlibrary]

Cladonia sp, Pixie cups or Moss lichen, Aotearoa, photo credit to me.

Cladonia is probably my favourite genus of lichen, and fortunately they grow all over the place where I live. They have some really cool colours with a mix of flourescent greens, subtle greys, and more or fewer speckles of hot red when they are producing spores. Interestingly, although they are under the same genus, there are two distinct different shapes (or 'morphotypes') that Cladonia lichen species form into.

The first of these is the classic look that people often recognise; a cup or goblet shape, shown in the first four photos. This is called the cladonia morphotype, and is commonly called pixie cups, which is such a delightful and whimsical name. Yes, the morphotype is the same as the genus, yes it's annoying, we all just have push past that.

The second morphotype, called cladina is shown in the last photo. It is much more highly branched, and forms many series of almost antler-like growths, and are sometimes confused with other lichens such as Beard lichens (Usnea). This is what you might call a moss lichen. Not pictured here is Cladonia rangiferina, a species of cladina morphotype that grows very quickly for a lichen, and makes up part of the diet of large mammals such as reindeer in other countries.

If you want to see more examples of cladina morphotype, I posted some photos of a bunch of cool lichen here.

Kā mihi ki a koutou Kia pai ō koutou rā!

[rachelsrandomsphotos]

Reindeer Lichen (Cladina evansii)

Taken at Malabar Scrub Sanctuary in Malabar, FL

[red-dead-disaster]

you make me so happy Cladonia deformis

i love you Cladina stellaris

you are my one and only Usnea

you deserve better than what i can give you, Cladonia coccifera

i'd give you the moon and stars, keep reaching for the sky, Cladonia cornuta

[rabbitcruiser]

Rancheria Falls Recreation Site, YT (No. 5)

Cladonia rangiferina, also known as reindeer cup lichen, reindeer lichen (cf. Sw. renlav) or grey reindeer lichen, is a light-colored fruticose, cup lichen species in the family Cladoniaceae. It grows in both hot and cold climates in well-drained, open environments. Found primarily in areas of alpine tundra, it is extremely cold-hardy.

Other common names include reindeer moss, deer moss, and caribou moss, but these names can be misleading since it is, though somewhat moss-like in appearance, not a moss. As the common names suggest, reindeer lichen is an important food for reindeer (caribou), and has economic importance as a result. Synonyms include Cladina rangiferina and Lichen rangiferinus.

Cladonia rangiferina often dominates the ground in boreal pine forests and open, low-alpine sites in a wide range of habitats, from humid, open forests, rocks and heaths. A specific biome in which this lichen is represented is the boreal forests of Canada.

The reindeer lichen is edible, but crunchy. It can be soaked with wood ashes to remove its bitterness, then added to milk or other dishes.

This lichen can be used in the making of aquavit, and is sometimes used as decoration in glass windows. The lichen is used as a traditional remedy for removal of kidney stones by the Monpa in the alpine regions of the West Kameng district of Eastern Himalaya. The Inland Dena'ina used reindeer lichen for food by crushing the dry lichen and then boiling it or soaking it in hot water until it becomes soft. They eat it plain or, preferably, mixed with berries, fish eggs, or lard. The Inland Dena'ina also boil reindeer lichen and drink the juice as a medicine for diarrhea. Acids present in lichens mean their consumption may cause an upset stomach, especially if not well cooked.

Source: Wikipedia

[lichenaday]

Cladina mitis (Synonyms: Cladonia arbuscula ssp. mitis, Cladonia mitis)

Green reindeer lichen

One of a number of "reindeer lichens," C. mitis is a fruticose lichen that grows in dense tufts and bushy mats on soil and rock in Arctic-Boreal habitats. It has a highly branched thallus of pale yellow-green and a dull, cottony surface. It serves as an important food source for caribou and reindeer during the cold winter months in the northern hemisphere, and has also been used by the Woods Cree people as a traditional medicine to expel internal parasites (please don't try at home). It's green, it's festive, it's beautiful, and it's an inspiration for surviving a harsh, cold, lonely winter. The perfect lichen for today!

images: source | source | source | source

info: source | source | source

[microcosmicobservations]

When I first visited Mazomanie Oak Barrens State Natural Area a few months ago, everything was still blanketed in snow, but I noticed a surprising amount of lichen diversity on fallen logs, tree trunks, and branches (see this short video I took). Today I returned to find EVEN MORE lichen diversity that had been revealed by the snow melt. Many of them were a bit crispy from a recent (last fall, maybe) prescribed burn, but no less gorgeous.

Facebook | YouTube | Shop

[kombilivasia]

Tømmervik, H., M. Johansen, E. Pedersen, and J. Guneriussen. "Integration of Remote Sensed and In-situ Data in an Analysis of the Air Pollution Effects on Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Border Areas between Norway and Russia." Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 49.1 (1998): 51-85. Web.

Sulphur dioxide (SO₂) and heavy metals, such as Nickel (Ni), have been shown to have negative effects on certain kinds of plants. In this study the researchers analyzed transboundary air pollution (SO₂ and Ni) in Norway and Finland coming from Ni smelters on the Kola peninsula of Russia. Satellite remote sensing data was used in combination with ground truthed measurements such as percent cover of vegetation types, barren ground, and terrestrial reindeer lichen (Cladina) cover at randomly chosen sites. High spectral reflectance from Cladina-dominated vegetation, which is sensitive to SO₂ and Ni pollution, was compared to ‘green’ vegetation, for example grass, bilberry, and dwarf shrubs. The images were then analyzed using GIS with SO₂ measurements and elemental analysis results of soil and Cladina tissue samples. The Norwegian Institute of Air Research provided a spatial layer of interpolated SO₂ deposition measurements for the ground layer at a 100 x 100 meter grid. Field testing proved the model to be 82% accurate in classifying remotely sensed land cover types correctly. These results led the researchers to believe that there is a connection between land cover changes and changes in SO₂ emissions concentrations. As SO₂ emissions concentrations increased 5 - 30 km from Ni smelters, dwarf shrub and Cladina dominated land cover types were found significantly to have transformed into bilberry and grass dominated types, which are more tolerant of this kind of pollution. Land cover types within this area deemed contaminated by Ni and SO₂ increased significantly as well. This is valuable to my general interest in lichen biomonitoring, as an example of one of the different sets of tools that falls in this category.

[clinicalherbalist]

It’s a rainy day and my eyesight isn’t especially keen, but i can tell by the color that there are cladina lichens growing on these boulders on the next ridge over. . . Being a clinician and treating sick people makes you a different kind of person, but foraging the plants from the wild makes you a different kind of animal. . . . #herbalmedicine #healer #herbalist #appalachia #lichens #botanizing https://www.instagram.com/p/BuHlGC2Bb0B/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=1fzfdvfotvbtd

[elmestnys-blog]

Online dating has come to be quite Hot since it matches perfectly well in to the lives which all of us direct. If you're unmarried and prepared to sing, afterward those dating sites would be the optimal/optimally approach to acquire in contact different sisters in your region. There are not any bounds here you are able to attach with a person within your town or at any nation. Online dating sites allow one to look for likeminded spouses.

[balthazarslostlibrary]

Do you prefer lichen composed of algae or cyanobacteria?

An extremely good question.

I enjoy both, however my favourite genus of lichen is the Cladonia genus, in which I am including both the Cladonia and Cladina morphotypes, which are lichens that primarily associate with algae. I love their little cups and horns, and some are quite beautiful. Related lichen such as Pulchrocladia sp. are also very very pretty and make me think of lacy dresses. I would love to see an outfit based off of P retipora.

Here are some photos I have of Cladonia sp.

Cladonia sp. Cladonia morphotype. Note the singularly attached, un-branched cups and horns, growing from small wart like deposits on the ground.

Cladonia sp. Cladina morphotype. Highly branched with much thinner cups and horns. More moss-like.

Pulchrocladia rangifera, not in the Cladonia genus, in the same family. Possibly one of the prettiest lichens I have seen.

I do love cyanobacteria associated lichens such as the dog lichens found in the genus Peltigera, purely because they have such striking dark blue colourations, almost to the point of being black. See below a dog lichen I found as part of a trip collecting herbarium samples.

Fun fact, in the process of digging this lichen out of the rotting log it was on, the safety catch failed on the knife I was using and closed so heavily on my finger that it severe the nerves on the end of my index finger!

[xxflower]

Cladina rangiferina like dry wood #MossArt #Hymolon #terrarium #tablegarden https://www.instagram.com/p/BpuD5hRBslb/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=yp5y2sjl9bvq

[rachelsrandomsphotos]

Reindeer Lichen (Cladina evansii)

Taken at Malabar Scrub Sanctuary in Malabar, FL

[eurekamag--com]

Studies on lichen-dominated systems. XV. The temperature and humidity profiles in a Cladina alpestris mat

http://dlvr.it/PMycy2

[ankhanu]

I found some pencil shavings on Mica Hill. #CapeBretonHighlands #parkscanada #FieldTech #moths #Lepidoptera #nature #lichen #Cladina

[jarmansgarden]

Cladina rangiferina (L.) Nyl. (Reindeer Moss) Cladoniaceae by DrNature on Flickr.

reindeer moss (Cladonia rangiferina) 驯鹿苔藓