Here’s a masterlist of over 420+ Chinese faceclaims with their age and ethnicity noted if there was a reliable source! If you have any suggestions or know any missing information feel free to send us an ask. Please give this post a like or reblog if you found it useful.
FEMALE:
Vera Wang (1949) — Fashion Designer
Liu Xiao Qing (1955) — Actor
Deng Jie (1957) — Actor
Velina Hasu Houston (1957) African-American, Pikuni Blackfoot, Japanese, Chinese, Native Hawaiian, Cuban, Argentinian, Brazilian, Armenian, Greek, German, English — Playwright and Author.
Jennifer Tilly (1958) ½ Chinese ½ Finnish, Irish, First Nations — Actor
Liu Xue Hua (1959) — Actor
Teresa Mo (1959) Hongkonger — Actor
Ding Jiali (1959) — Actor
Leanne Liu (1959) — Actor
Candice Yu (1959) Hongkonger — Actor
Kiki Sheung (1959) Hongkonger — Actor
Candice Yu (1959) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Ni Ping (1959) — Actor and TV Host.
Emily Chu (1960) Hongkonger — Actor
Lü Liping (1960) — Actor
Olivia Cheng (1960) Hongkonger — Actor
Kara Hui (1960) Manchu — Actor
Idy Chan (1960) Hongkonger — Actor
Meg Tilly (1960) ½ Chinese ½ Finnish, Irish, First Nations — Actor
Rae Dawn Chong (1961) ½ Chinese, Scots-Irish ½ Black Canadian, Cherokee — Actor
Joan Chen (1961) — Actor
Song Dandan (1961) — Actor
Rae Dawn Chong (1961) Chinese, Scots-Irish / African-American — Actor
Joan Chen (1961) — Actor, Director, Screenwriter, and Producer
Mao Weitao (1962) — Actor and Singer
Hong Yue (1962) — Actor
Rosamund Kwan (1962) Manchu / Chinese — Actor
Kingdom Yuen (1962) Hongkonger — Actor
Jaime Chik (1962) Hongkonger — Actor
Michelle Yeoh (1962) — Actor
Cecilia Yip (1963) Hongkonger — Actor
Ming Na Wen (1963) — Actor
Carrie Ng (1963) Hongkonger — Actor
Charlene Tse (1963) Hongkonger — Actor
Li Lingyu (1963) — Actor and Singer
He Saifei (1963) — Actor
Ming-Na Wen (1963) — Actor
Phoebe Cates (1963) ¾ Ashkenazi Jewish ¼ Chinese — Actor and Model
Maggie Cheung (1964) Hongkonger — Actor
Chen Jin (1964) — Actor
Esther Kwan (1964) Hongkonger — Actor
Fu Yiwei (1964) — Actor
Moon Lee (1964) Hongkonger — Actor
Carina Lau (1964) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Gong Li (1965) — Actor
Yu Hui (1965) — Actor
Maggie Shiu (1965) — Actor
Amy Yip (1965) Hongkonger — Actor
Kathy Chow (1966) Machu — Actor
Irene Wan (1966) Hongkonger — Actor
May Mei-Mei Lo (1966) Hongkonger — Actor
Sheren Tang (1966) Hongkonger — Actor
Bai Ling (1966) — Actor
Cutie Mui (1966) Hongkonger — Actor and TV Host
Loletta Lee (1966) Hongkonger — Actor
Vivian Wu (1966) — Actor
Monica Chan (1966) Hongkonger — Actor and Model
Ellen Chan (1966) Hongkonger — Actor
Shirley Kwan (1966) Hongkonger — Singer
Xu Fan (1967) — Actor
Celine Ma (1967) Hongkonger — Actor
Li Shengsu (1967) — Actor and Singer
Jin Xing (1967) — Dancer and Actress — Trans
Vivian Chow (1967) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Amy Kwok (1967) Hongkonger — Actor
Elvina Kong (1967) Hongkonger — Actor and Presenter
Florence Kwok (1968) Hongkonger — Actor
Chen Hong (1968) — Actor
Chingmy Yau (1968) Hongkonger — Actor
Ju Xue (1968) Chinese — Actor
Kelly Hu (1968) English, Chinese, Hawaiian — Actor
Louisa So (1968) Hongkonger — Actor
Yvonne Yung (1968) Hongkonger — Actor
Lucy Liu (1968) — Actor
Canny Leung (1968) Hongkonger — Singer and Author
Boh Runga (1969) ½ Chinese ½ Māori — Singer
Kenix Kwok (1969) Hongkonger — Actor
Naomi Campbell (1970) Jamaican (African, ¼ Chinese, possibly other) — Actor and Model
Maxine Bahns (1971) ½ German ½ Chinese, Portuguese-Brazilian — Actor and Singer
Yuen Wing Yi (1971) — Actor
Li Bingbing (1973) — Actor
Sharin Foo (1973) 2/4 Danish,¼ Chinese — Musician
Natassia Malthe (1974) ½ Norwegian, ½ Chinese-Malaysian — Actor and Model
China Chow (1974) Chinese, Japanese, German — Model and Actor
Zhou Xun (1974) — Actor
Coco Lee (1975) ½ Hongkonger ½ Chinese — Singer, Dancer, and Actor
He Meitian (1975) — Actor
Katja Schuurman (1975) Chinese, Dutch, Surinamese — Actor, Singer and TV Personality.
Sheh Charmaine (1975) Hongkonger — Actor
KT Tunstall (1975) ½ Chinese, Scottish ½ Irish — Singer
Bic Runga (1976) ½ Chinese ½ Māori — Singer
Zhao Wei (1976) — Actor
Li Xiao Ran (1976) — Actor
Chen Si Si (1976) — Actor
Yang Ming Na (1976) — Actor
Lu Min Tao (1978) — Actor
Gong Beibi (1978) — Actor
Nicole Lyn (1978) Afro-Jamaican, Chinese, Anglo — Actor
Liu Tao (1978) — Actor
Michaela Conlin (1978) ½ Chinese, ½ Irish — Actor
Zhang Ziyi (1979) — Actor
Bérénice Marlohe (1979) ½ Chinese, Cambodian ½ French — Actor
Chen Hao (1979) — Actor, Singer, and Model
Elaine Tan (1979) — Actor
Chen Yao (1979) — Actor
Gao Yuan Yuan (1979) — Actor
Zhao Yuan Yuan (1979) — Actor
Wu Hang Yee / Wu Myolie (1979) Hongkonger — Actor
Yeung Yi / Tavia Yeung (1979) Hongkonger — Actor
Cecilia Cheung (1980) ¼ White British, ¾ Hongkonger — Actor
Lena Hall (1980) Filipino, Spanish, possibly Chinese, Swedish, English, possibly other — Actor and Singer
Chen Lili (1980) — Singer, Model and Actor — Trans
Mylène Jampanoï (1980) ½ Chinese ½ Breton — Actor
Olivia Munn (1980) ½ Chinese, ½ English, Scottish, German — Model and Actor
Jolin Tsai (1980) 75% Han Chinese 25% Aboriginal Taiwanese (Papora) — Singer
Chung Ka Lai/Gillian Chung (1981) Hongkonger — Actor
Fan Bingbing (1981) — Actor
Liza Lapira (1981) Filipino, Spanish, Chinese — Actor
Zhang Meng/Zhang Alina (1988) — Actor
Yang Rong (1981) — Actor
Zhang Xin Yi (1981) — Actor
Francine Prieto (1982) ½ Filipino, Chinese ½ Norwegian — Actress, Singer, and Model
Gemma Chan (1982) — Actor
Jia Xiao Chen/Jia JJ (1982) — Actor
Lee Kai Sum (1982) Hongkonger — Actor
Li Xiao Lu (1982) — Actor
Kristin Kreuk (1982) ½ Chinese, with some Scottish and African, ½ Dutch — Actor
Sun Li/Sun Betty (1982) — Actor
Constance Wu (1982) Han Chinese — Actor
Yan Yi Dan (1982) — Actor
Wang Ou/Angel Wang (1982) — Actor
Christina Chong (1983) ½ Chinese ½ English — Actor
Lan Xi (1983) — Actor
Tang Yan/Tiffany Tang (1983) — Actor
Teresa Castillo (1983) Mexican, Chinese, Spanish — Actor
Huang Lu (1983) — Actor
Alexa Chung (1983) 37.5% Chinese 62.5% English and Scottish — Fashion Designer, TV presenter, Model and Writer.
Yasmin Lee (1983) Thai, Cambodian and Chinese — Model — Trans
Jiang Xin (1983) — Actor
Chung Ka Yan/Linda Chung (1984) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Bai Xui/Bai Fay (1984) — Actor
Wu You (1984) — Actor
Wang Li Kun (1985) — Actor
Li Cheng Yuan (1984) — Actor
Xhang Li (1984) — Actor
Hai Lu (1984) — Actor
Jane Zhang (1984) — Singer
Lu Jia Rong/Lu Kelsey (1984) — Actor
Tami Chynn (1984) Chinese, Cherokee, Afro-Jamaican, English — Singer and Dancer
Qi Wei (1984) — Actor and Singer
Du Ruo Xi (1985) — Actor
Heart Evangelista (1985) Filipino (Tagalog), Chinese, Spanish (Asturian) — Actor and Model.
Juliana Harkavy (1985) ½ Ashkenazi Jewish ½ Dominican Republic, African, Chinese — Actor
Celina Jade (1985) ½ Chinese ½ English, Irish, German, French — Actor, Singer, Model and Martial Artist
Tong Yi La/Yi Yi (1989) — Actor
Angel Locsin (1985) Filipino (including Hiligaynon), Chinese, Spanish (Galician) — Actor
Jessica Lu (1985) ½ Chinese, Japanese ½ Chinese — Actor
Jing Lusi (1985) — Actor
Joséphine Jobert (1985) Sephardi Jewish / Martiniquais, Spanish, possibly Chinese — Actor
Kirby Ann Basken (1985) ½ Norwegian ½ Filipino (Tagalog), Chinese — Model
Li Sheng (1985) — Actor
Cindy Sun (1985) — Actor
Suzuki Emi (1985) — Model and Actor
Tong Yao (1985) — Actor
Tessanne Chin (1985) ½ Chinese, Cherokee Native American ½ Jewish, Afro-Jamaican, likely other — Singer
Tao Xin Ran (1986) — Actor
Michelle Bai (1986) — Actor
Gan Ting Ting (1986) — Actor
Jia Qing (1986) — Actor
Maggie Jiang (1986) — Actor
Lin Peng (1986) — Actor
Yang Mi (1986) — Actor
Mao Lin Lin/Nikia Mao (1986) — Actor
Liu Shishi (1987) — Actor
Victoria Song (1987) — Actor and Idol.
Sun Yao Qi (1987) — Actor
Wang Olivia (1987) — Actor
Yuan Shan Shan/Mabel Yuan (1987) — Actor
Zhang Xin Yu/Zhang Viann (1987) — Actor
Cao Lu (1987) — Actor and Singer
Ellen Adarna (1988) 68.75% Filipino (Cebuano), 25% Chinese, 6.25% unknown — Actress and Model
Jiao Jun Yan (1987) — Actor
Li Fei Er (1987) — Actor
Liu Yifei (1987) — Actor
Li Chun/Li Frida (1988) — Actor
Amanda Du-Pont (1988) Portuguese, Chinese, French and Swazi — Actor
Ma Si Chun/Sandra Ma (1988) — Actor
Mao Xiaotong (1988) — Actor
Wang Feifei (1987) — Actor and Idol
Zhao Li Ying (1987) — Actor
Crystal Yu (1988) Hongkonger — Actor
Feng Jing (1988) — Actor
Adesuwa Aighewi (1988) Nigerian / Chinese — Model
Han Qing Zi/Kan Adi (1988) — Actor
Hou Meng Yao (1988) — Actor
Jing Tian (1988) — Actor and Singer
Liu Wen (1988) — Model
Li Yi Xiao (1988) — Actor
Li Xi Rui/Sierra Li (1989) — Actor
Lou Yi Xiao (1988) — Actor
Ni Ni (1988) — Actor
Sarah Geronimo (1988) Filipino, Chinese — Singer and Actor
Wang Xiao Chen (1988) — Actor
Ying Liu/Ying Er (1988) — Actor
Zhang Meng/Zhang Lemon (1988) — Actor
Meng Jia (1989) — Actor and Singer
Helena Chan (1989) Swedish, Chinese — TV Presenter and Model
Anna Akana (1989) Japanese, Native Hawaiian, possibly English, Irish, German, French, Chinese / Filipino, possibly Spanish — Actor, Author and Comedian
Ayesha Curry (1989) ½ Polish, African-American ½ Chinese, African-Jamaican — Actor
Sun Fei Fei (1989) — Model
Xi Mengyao/Ming Xi (1989) — Model
Angelababy (1989) ¼ German, ¼ Hongkonger, ½ Shanghainese — Actor
An Yue Xi (1989) — Actor
Sammi Maria (1989) English, Afro Guyanese, Chinese — YouTuber
He Sui (1989) — Model and Actor
Jiang Kai Tong (1989) — Actor
Jiang Meng Jie (1989) — Actor
Mi Lu/Mi Viola (1989) — Actor
Miller/Vespa Miller (1989) — Actor
Shen Meng Chen (1989) — Actor
Adrianne Ho (1989) Chinese, French — Model
Sui He (1989) — Actor and Model.
Tang Yi Xin/Tang Tina (1989) — Actor
Xiao Wen Ju (1989) — Model
Awkwafina (1989) Chinese / Korean — Rapper and Actor
Zhang Han Yun/Zhang Baby (1989) — Actor
Zhang Tian Ai/Crystal Zhang (1990) — Actor
Li Yitong (1990) — Actor
Elizabeth Tan (1990) — Actor
Gong Mi (1990) — Actor
Jin Chen (1990) — Actor
Katie Findlay (1990) Portuguese, Chinese, English, Scottish — Actor
Li Qin (1990) — Actor
Li Xin Ai (1990) ¼ Russian, ¾ Chinese — Actor
Li Yi Tong (1990) — Actor and Idol
Phillipa Soo (1990) ½ Chinese ½ English, Scottish, Irish — Actor and Singer
Tan Song Yun (1990) — Actor
Zhao Ying Juan/Zhao Sarah (1990) — Actor
Malese Jow (1991) ½ Chinese ½ English, Scottish — Actor
Diane Nadia Adu-Gyamfi / Moko (1991) ¾ Ghanaian, ¼ Chinese — Singer
Hu Bing Qing (1992) — Actor
You Jing Ru/You Una (1992) — Actor
Liu Mei Han/Liu Mikan (1991) — Actor and Singer
Zheng Shuang (1991) — Actor
Zhou Dongyu (1992) — Actor
Hanli Hoefer (1992) Peranakan Chinese / White - VJ
Jessica Henwick (1992) ½ English, ½ Chinese-Singaporean — Actor
Janice Wu (1992) — Actor
Sveta Black (1992) African, Chinese — Model
Yang Zi (1992) — Actor
Maria Lynn Ehren (1992) Swedish / Thai Chinese — Actor and Model
Zhang Yu Xi (1993) — Actor
Hashimoto Tenka (1993) ½ Japanese, ½ Chinese — Actor
He Jia Ying (1993) — Actor
Qiao Xin (1993) — Actor
Sun Xiao Nu/Sun Yi (1993) — Actor
Jing Wen (1994) — Model
Cao Xi Yue (1994) — Actor
Natasha Liu Bordizzo (1994) 1/2 Chinese ½ Italian — Actor and Model.
Jessica Sula (1994) ½ Estonian, German ½ Afro-Trinidadian, Chinese — Actor
Ju Jing Yi (1994) — Actor and Idol
Liu Ying Lun (1994) — Actor
Wu Xuan Yi (1995) — Idol
Xing Fei/Xing Fair (1994) — Actor
Xu Lu/LuLu Xu (1994) — Actor
Zhou Yu Tong (1994) — Actor
Naiyu Xu (1995) — Model
Ou Yang Ni Ni (1996) — Actor
Qie Lu Tong (1995) — Actor
Feng Zhi Mo (1996) — Actor
Fernanda Ly (1996) stated as being “of Chinese descent” — Model
Cymphonique Miller (1996) Black, Filipino, French, Indian, Hawaiian, Spanish & Chinese — singer and actress.
Lin Yun (1996) — Actor
Liu Xie Ning/Sally (1996) — Idol
Wong Viian/Vivi (1996) Hongkonger — Idol
Bea Binene (1997) ½ Chinese ½ Filipino — Actress and TV Host.
Guan Xiao Tong (1997) — Actor
Wang Yu Wen (1997) — Actor
Amber Midthunder (1997 ) English, Hudeshabina Nakoda Sioux, Hunkpapa Lakota Sioux and Sisseton-Wahpeton Oyate Dakota Sioux — Actor
Xu Jiao (1997) — Actor
Zhang Xue Ying/Zhang Sophie (1997) — Actor
Brianne Tju (1998) Chinese, Indonesian — Actor
Cheng Xiao (1998) — Idol
Chong Ting Yan/Elkie Chong (1998) Hongkonger — Idol.
Meng Mei Qi (1998) — Idol
Zhao Jia Min (1998) — Actor and Idol
Zhou Jieqiong/Kyulkung (1998 ) — Idol
Tiffany Espensen (1999) — Actor
Xiao Cai Qi (1999) — Actor
Auli’i Cravalho (2000) Native Hawaiian, Portuguese, Puerto Rican, Irish, Chinese — Actress and Singer.
Ou Yang Na Na (2000) — Actor
Haley Tju (2001) Chinese, Indonesian — Actor
Jiang Yi Yi (2001) — Actor
Liu Xin Qi (?) — Actor
Zang Hong Na (?) — Actor
Zhang Xin Yuan (?) — Model
Sijia Kang (?) — Model
Ling Chen (?) — Model
Liu Shihan (?) — Model — Trans
Brandi Kinard (?) Muscogee, Chinese, Black, Irish — Model
Vanessa Hong (?) — Model
Xinzi Wang (?) — Model
Faye Kingslee (?) Chinese / White — Actor
Problematic:
Sandrine Holt (1972) ½ Chinese ½ French — Actor and Model — played the character of Annuka, an Algonquin character. And in Pocahontas: The Legend. Pocahontas, a Pamunkey girl.
Kelsey Chow (1991) Chinese, English — Actor — claimed to be Cherokee and took Native roles when she is not.
Chloe Bennet (1992) ½ White-American, ½ Chinese — Actor — supports Logan Paul.
Courtney Eaton (1996) ½ Chinese, Maori, Cook Islander ½ English — Actor — played an Egyptian.
MALE:
Tommy Chong (1938) Scottish-Irish, Chinese — Actor and Comedian
Kenny Ho (1959) Hongkonger — Actor
Waise Lee (1959) Hongkonger — Actor
Berg Ng (1960) Hongkonger — Actor
Robin Shou (1960) Hongkonger — Actor and Martial Artist
Dayo Wong (1960) Hongkonger — Actor and Comedian
Tin Kai-man (1961) Hongkonger — Actor
Jacky Cheung (1961) — Actor and Singer
Felix Wong (1961) Hongkonger — Actor
Andy Lau (1961) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Elvis Tsui (1961) — Actor
Anthony Wong (1961) — Actor
Tony Leung (1962) — Actor and Singer.
Tony Leung Chiu-wai (1962) Hongkonger — Actor
Stephen Chow (1962) Hongkonger — Actor
Alex To (1962) ½ Filipino ½ Chinese — Actor and Singer
Gilbert Lam (1962) Hongkonger — Actor
Gallen Lo (1962) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Russell Wong (1963) ½ Chinese ½ Dutch, French — Actor
Alex Fong (1963) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Chin Siu-ho (1963) — Actor and Martial Artist
Sun Xing (1963) Malaysian Chinese / Chinese — Actor and Singer
Roy Cheung (1963) Hongkonger — Actor
Donnie Yen (1963) — Actor and Martial Artist
Siu-Fai Cheung (1963) Hongkonger — Actor
Jet Li (1963) — Actor and Martial Artist
Tats Lau (1963) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Tse Kwan-ho (1963) Hongkonger — Actor
Russell Wong (1963) ½ Chinese ½ Dutch, French — Actor
Kenneth Chan Kai-tai (1964) Hongkonger — Actor and TV Host
Roger Kwok (1964) Hongkonger — Actor
Joe Ma (1964) Hongkonger — Actor
David Siu (1964) Hongkonger — Actor
Lam Suet (1964) — Actor
Deric Wan (1964) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Joey Leung (1964) Hongkonger — Actor
Wayne Lai (1964) Hongkonger — Actor
Bowie Lam (1964) Hongkonger — Actor
Ching Wan Lau (1964) Hongkonger — Actor
Derek Kok (1964) Hongkonger — Actor
Nick Cheung (1967) Hongkonger — Actor
Richard Yap (1967) — Actor and Model
Aaron Kwok (1965) Hongkonger — Actor, Singer and Dancer
Dicky Cheung (1965) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Vincent Kok (1965) Hongkonger — Actor
Hung Yan-yan (1965) — Actor, Martial Artist and Stuntman
Eric Kot (1966) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Leon Lai (1966) Hakka Chinese — Actor and Singer
Philip Keung (1965) Hongkonger — Actor
Wong He (1967) Hongkonger — Actor, Singer and Presenter
Stephen Au (1967) Hongkonger — Actor
Marco Ngai (1967) Hongkonger — Actor
Louis Yuen (1967) Hongkonger — Actor
Frankie Lam (1967) Hongkonger — Actor
Jan Lamb (1967) Hongkonger / Chinese — Actor and Singer
Byron Mann (1967) — Actor
Gordon Lam (1967) Hongkonger — Actor
Ben Wong (1967) Hongkonger — Actor
Evergreen Mak Cheung-ching (1967) Hongkonger.
Sunny Chan (1967) — Actor
Andy Hui (1967) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Jordan Chan (1967) Hongkonger — Actor and Singer
Ekin Cheng (1967) — Actor and Singer
Hu Jun (1968) — Actor
Zhang Xiao Long (1969) — Actor
Joel de la Fuente (1969) Filipino, Chinese, Malaysian, Spanish, Portugese — Actor
Anthony Ruivivar (1970) ½ Filipino, Chinese, Spanish ½ German, Scottish — Actor
Huang Lei (1971) — Actor and Screenwriter
Tom Wu (1972) Hongkonger — Actor
Lau Hawick (1974) — Actor
Wallace Chung (1974) Hongkonger — Actor
Daniel Chan Hui Tung (1975) Hongkonger — Actor
Chen Kun (1976) — Actor
Feng Zu (1977) — Actor
Lu Yi (1976) — Actor
Jin Dong (1976) — Actor
Huang Xiao Ming (1977) — Actor
Qiao Zhen Yu (1978) —Actor
Wang Xiao (1978) — Actor
Yang Zhi Gang (1978) — Actor
Yan Kuan/Kevin Yan (1979) — Actor
Chen Hing Wa/Edison Chen (1980) 87.5% Hongkonger 12.5% Portuguese — Actor and Musician.
Han Dong (1980) — Actor and Singer
Zhang Dan Feng/Zhang Andy (1981) — Actor
Li Guang Jie (1981) — Actor
Luo Jin (1981) — Actor and Singer
hou Yi Wei (1982) — Actor
Abe Tsuyoshi (1982) ¼ Japanese, ¾ Chinese — Actor
Harry Shum Jr. (1982) ½ Chinese ½ Hongkonger — Actor
Qi Ji (1982) — Actor
Wang Kai (1982) — Actor
Vincent Rodriguez III (1982) Filipino, Chinese, Spanish — Actor and Singer
Yuan Justin (1982) — Actor
Gao Wei Guang/Gao Vengo (1983) — Actor
Sun Jian (1983) — Actor
Sun Yi Zhou/Sean Sun (1983) — Actor
Xu Hai Qiao/Xu Joe (1983) — Actor
Zhang Xiao Chen/Edward Zhang (1983) — Actor
Song Min Yu (1984) — Actor
Dai Yang Tian/Dai Xiang Yu (1984) — Actor
Godfrey Gao (1984) ½ Taiwanese, ½ Peranakan Chinese — Actor
Liu Chang De (1984) — Actor
Ye Zu Xin (1984) — Actor
Zhang Han (1984) — Actor
Zhang He (1984) — Actor and Idol
Huang Xuan (1985) — Actor
Chen Wei Ting/William Chan (1985) Hongkonger — Actor
Max Minghella (1985) Italian, Hongkonger, Chinese, Jewish, Indian Parsi, English, Irish, Swedish — Actor
Xu Zheng Xi/Tsui Jeremy (1985) — Actor
Wei Chen (1986) — Actor and Singer
Chan Ka Lok/Carlos Chan (1986) Hongkonger — Actor
Huang Ming (1986) — Actor
Jing Chao (1986) — Actor
Liu Chang (1986) — Actor and Model
Ma Tian Yu (1986) — Actor
Mao Zi Jun (1986) — Actor
Wang Zheng (1986) — Actor
Peng Guan Ying (1986) — Actor
Yin Zheng/Andrew Tin (1986) — Actor
Zheng Kai (1986) — Actor
Zhou Mi (1986) — Actor and Idol
Zhu Zi Xiao/Zhu Peer (1986) — Actor
Aarif Rahman (1987) Chinese, Arab-Malaysian, Hongkonger — Actor
Fu Xin Bo (1987) — Actor
Lewis Tan (1987) ½ Irish, ½ Chinese — Actor
Shannon Kook (1987) ½ Chinese ½ Mixed South African — Actor
Wei Qian Xiang/Shawn Wei (1987) — Actor
Wu Hao Ze (1987) — Actor
Yang Le (1987) — Actor
Chen Xiao/Xiao Xiao (1987) — Actor
Guo Jia Hao (1987) — Actor
Li Yifeng (1987) — Actor
Ludi Lin (1987) — Actor
Yu Hao Ming (1987) — Actor and Singer
Jin Hao/Jin Vernon (1988) — Actor
Steven R. McQueen (1988) 75% mix of Scottish, English, German, Scots-Irish/Northern Irish, distant Cornish, Dutch, and Welsh25% mix of Filipino [Kapampangan, Waray], Spanish, Catalan, Basque, Chinese — Actor
Lin Geng Xin (1988) — Actor
Meng Rui (1988) — Actor
Xu Feng (1988) — Actor
Zhang Yun Long/Zhang Leon (1988) — Actor
Dou Xiao (1988) — Actor
Fu Long Fei (1988) — Actor
Li Xin Liang (1988) — Actor
Nichkhun (1988) — Actor and Idol
Lou Yun Xi (1988) — Actor
Yu Meng Long/Alan Yu (1988) — Actor
Zhu Yi Long (1988) — Actor
Gao Han Yu (1989) — Actor
Chen Xiang/Sean Chen (1989) — Actor
Wang Yan Lin (1989) — Actor
Zhang Xiao Qian (1989) — Actor
Wei Da Xuan (1989) — Actor
Cui Hang (1989) — Actor
Xu Jia Wei (1989) — Actor
Henry Lau (1989) Hongkonger, Taiwanese —Actor and Idol
Jing Boran (1989) ⅛ Russian, ⅞ Chinese — Actor and Singer
Ren Jia Lun (1989) — Actor and Singer
Sam Tsui (1989) European, Hongkonger — Singer
Boran Jing (1989) — Singer and Actor
Bai yu/Bai White (1990) — Actor
Fu Jia (1990) — Actor
Hu Xia (1990) — Actor
Shu Ya Xin (1990) — Actor
Ma Ke/Mark Ma (1990) — Actor
Zhang Yu Jian (1990) — Actor
Chai Ge (1990) — Actor
Chen Xue Dong/Chen Cheney (1990) — Actor
Cheng Yi (1990) — Actor
Liu Rui Lin (1990) — Actor
Mai Heng Li/Prince Mak (1990) — Idol
Wu Yifan/Kris Wu (1990) — Actor and Singer
Xu Ke (1990) — Actor
Zhou Yixuan (1990) — Actor and Idol
Lu Han (1990) — Actor and Singer
Jiang Chao (1991) — Actor and Idol
Allen Ye (1991) — Model
Kong Chui Nan/Kong Korn (1991) — Actor
Gao Tai Yu (1991) — Actor
Han Cheng Yu (1991) — Actor
Jiang Jin Fu (1991) — Actor
Qin Jun Jie (1991) — Actor
Adam Chicksen (1991) English, Zimbabwean, Chinese — Footballer
Xiao Zhan (1991) — Actor
Yang Yang (1991) — Actor
Yao Lucas (1991) — Actor
Zhang Yixing/Lay (1991) — Actor and Idol
Zhang Zhe Han (1991) — Actor
Lu Zhuo (1992) — Actor
Fan Shi Qi/Fan Kris (1992) — Actor
AJ Muhlach (1992) Filipino (including Bicolano), Chinese, Spanish — Singer
Deng Lun (1992) — Actor
Feng Jian Yu (1992) — Actor
Bai Cheng Jun (1992) — Actor
Cai Zhao (1992) — Actor
Gong Jun (1992) — Actor
Han Dong Jun/Elvis Han (1992) — Actor
Huang Jing Yu/Huang Johnny (1992) — Actor
Niu Jun Feng (1992) — Actor
Ou Hao (1992) — Actor
Sheng Yi Lun/Peter Sheng (1992) — Actor
Zhang Bin Bin/Zhang Vin (1993) — Actor
Jia Zheng Yu (1993) — Actor
Tong Meng Shi (1993) — Actor
Wang Qing (1993) — Actor
Bai Jing Ting (1993) — Actor
Dong Zi Jian (1993) — Actor
Du Tian Hao (1993) — Actor
Huang Li Ge (1993) — Actor
Huang Zitao (1993) — Actor and Singer
Jin Han (1993) — Actor
Nomura Shuhei (1993) ¼ Chinese, ¾ Japanese — Actor
Pan Zi Jian (1993) — Actor
Wu Jia Cheng (1993) — Actor and Singer
Zheng Ye Cheng (1993) — Actor
Yang Xu Wen (1994) — Actor
Liu Dong Qin (1994) — Actor
Chen Qiu Shi (1994) — Actor
Chen Ruo Xuan (1994) — Actor
Li Wenhan (1994) — Actor and Idol
Peng Yu Chang (1994) — Actor
You Zhangjing (1994) — Singer
Wang Bo Wen (1994) — Actor and Singer
Xu Wei Zhou (1994) — Actor
Yan Zi Dong (1994) — Actor
Yang Ye Ming (1994) — Actor
Yu Xiao Tong (1994) — Actor
Guan Hong (1995) — Actor
Alen Rios (1995) Mexican, Guatemalan, Chinese, German — Actor
Jiang Zi Le (1995) — Actor
David Yang (1995) — Model
Brandon Soo Hoo (1995) — Actor
Chen Wen (1995) — Actor
Zhang Ming En (1995) — Actor
Lin Feng Song (1996) — Actor
Wen Junhui (1996) — Idol
Leo Sheng (1996) — Youtuber — Trans
Dong Sicheng/WinWin (1997) — Idol
Gong Zheng (1997) — Actor
Guo Jun Chen (1997) — Actor
Liu Hao Ran (1997) — Actor
Luo Yi Hang (1997)
Wang Yibo (1997) — Actor and Idol
Xu Ming Hao (1997) — Idol
Zeng Shun Xi (1997) — Actor
Zhang Jiong Min (1997) — Actor
Yuan Bo (1997) — Model
Hu Xu Chen (1998) — Actor
Huang Jun Jie (1998) — Actor
Song Wei Long (1999) — Actor
Wang Jun Kai (1999) — Actor and Idol
Wu Lei/Leo Wu (1999) — Actor
Zhang Yi Jie (1999) — Actor
Song Weilong (1999) — Actor and Model
Huang Ren Jun (2000) — Idol
Jackson Yi (2000) — Actor and Idol
Marius Yo (2000) Japanese, Chinese / German — Actor and Singer
Wang Yuan/Roy Wang (2000) — Actor and Idol
Gong Zheng Nan (?) — Actor
Ho Hou Man/Ho Dominic (?) — Idol and Actor
Liang Zhen Lun (?) — Actor
Xiao Meng (?) — Actor and Makeup Artist.
Hao Yun Xian (?) — Model
Akeem Osborne (?) Jamaican, British, Chinese — Model
Jaime M. Callica (?) Trinidadian, Chinese, Indian, Spanish — Actor
Problematic:
B.D. Wong (1960) — Actor — played trans woman.
Ross Butler (1990) ½ Chinese-Malaysian ½ British Dutch — Actor — 13 Reason Why.
Jackson Wang (1994) Hongkonger — Idol — cultural appropriation. .
Non-Binary:
Chella Man (1998) Chinese, Jewish — Genderqueer (he/him) — deaf — Model
More links:
http://mydramalist.com/people/
http://xiaolongrph.tumblr.com/post/148182821830/heres-a-masterlist-of-140-actors-of-chinese - we didn’t use but it looks super helpful!
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Op-Ed: Protecting 30 Percent of the Ocean is Easier Said Than Done
[By Kong Lingyu]
Although there is no official word, it is highly likely the 15th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP15), due to be held in Kunming this October, will be pushed back to next year, as the coronavirus epidemic has forced a number of preparatory meetings to be cancelled or delayed, stalling the already slow CBD negotiations process.
The epidemic makes the future of targets for global biodiversity – including in the ocean – even more uncertain. With economies suffering, how much money will there be for marine biodiversity? But some see opportunity. Li Shuo, senior global policy advisor with Greenpeace East Asia, says recent epidemics have almost all originated in animals, and the coronavirus exposes the possible health risks that arise when the relationship between humanity and nature falls out of balance.
Calls for a “Thirty by Thirty” target – to make 30% of the global ocean marine protected areas (MPAs) by 2030 – have been increasing. The target is already in the zero draft for CBD COP15, and it is the clearest and most widely supported of the proposals to the conference.
But the slow pace of progress over the last decade, often inadequate marine protection where it does exist, and the current precarious state of negotiations over mechanisms to protect the high seas all point to the huge challenge of achieving the goal. Even if the political will to add it to the Kunming targets is there, actually fulfilling that commitment within the next ten years looks to be an impossible task.
Aichi failures
As early as 2000, scientists were calling for 30% of the ocean to be protected in order to preserve biodiversity. In 2003, the World Park Congress proposed strict protections for at least 20-30% of the ocean by 2012. Unfortunately, a lack of political will meant that parties to the CBD scaled back ambitions in 2010, calling for protection of only 10% of coastal and marine areas. That became Aichi Target 11, named for the Japanese prefecture where the 2010 talks took place.
Ten years later, when reviewing the performance of the 196 parties to the CBD, there is no denying that even the 10% target has been missed. Although the CBD doesn’t make official data on protected ocean areas available, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature calculated from national data that only 7.43% of the ocean worldwide was protected as of 12 April 2020.
The Aichi target was more concerned with the quantity of MPAs than the quality. It called for such areas to be “conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well-connected systems.” But much research has shown that MPAs are only effective when extractive practices such as fishing and mining are banned.
When you look at the quality of protections, that 7.43% achievement seems even less impressive. First, this is just a simple total of nationally reported figures, and many of the MPAs are “paper parks”, existing only in government documents. Some are merely proposals, years away from implementation. Second, the vast majority of these MPAs still allow the use of various types of resources. After examining the data, the Marine Conservation Institute found that only 2.5% of the ocean could be classed as highly protected, with only light extractive activities allowed.
Kristina Gjerde, senior high seas advisor to the IUCN, told China Dialogue: “So to me the definition of MPA needs to talk about everything [being] managed for conservation, and MPAs today don’t. They are just more like marine planning exercises.” She explained that the IUCN places MPAs in one of six categories, according to the level of protection, with Category V and VI allowing the sustainable use of natural resources. “It means more sustainable use for local communities. It doesn’t mean commercial fishing. And so if you start to scrutinise how many MPAs are open to commercial fishing, and said ‘no, they should not be really qualified MPAs’, your numbers will go way down.”
Trouble on the high seas
Calls to implement the Thirty by Thirty target have gathered force among scientists, international organisations, the media and the public, and can no longer be ignored. But nor can two problems: First, given the lessons learned from the Aichi process, can we fulfil this goal? Second, how? This brings us to high seas governance.
The CBD aims to protect global biodiversity. But its signatories – sovereign states – can only create MPAs within their jurisdiction, not for the high seas. Aichi Target 11 did not specify if that 10% was to be in marine areas within national jurisdiction, or to cover the high seas. Currently, the vast majority of MPAs fall within national jurisdictions.
But only 39% of the ocean falls within national jurisdiction, with the remaining 61% being international waters. Thus, achieving the 30% protection target would require protecting almost 80% of domestic waters. This is clearly unrealistic.
In other words, the tools currently at the CBD’s disposal do not allow it to reach the Thirty by Thirty target. Either it comes up with new mechanisms, or the 196 signatories achieve that target via other international platforms or tools.
There is no widely used method for managing MPAs on the high seas. In 2004, talks started on marine biodiversity beyond areas of national jurisdiction (BBNJ), under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. After 16 years of talks and three formal intergovernmental negotiations in the last two years, there is hope for a binding treaty on the high seas. The MPA articles of that treaty would be an important tool for the CBD in achieving its targets.
It is as if 196 people decided to cross an ocean over the course of a decade. Their aim is set but they have no means of transport. The first order of business is to find or fashion one. How long will that take? This is the crucial issue for high seas protection today. A BBNJ treaty looks the most plausible “boat” – but the coronavirus has forced a fourth intergovernmental meeting planned for March and April to be postponed.
The outlook for the BBNJ talks is unclear, said Zheng Miaozhuang, associate researcher with the Ministry of Natural Resources’ Marine Development Strategy Institute and deputy head of its Ocean Environment Resources Research Office. “Although there is quite a bit of consensus on MPAs, there are four topics that need to be resolved at once: marine genetic resources, including questions on the sharing of benefits; environmental impact assessments; capacity building and the transfer of marine technology. Even if progress is made on MPAs, there will be no agreement if the other three topics aren’t also concluded.”
What targets do we need?
Given the inadequacy of existing MPAs and the lack of high seas governance mechanisms, is it possible to protect 30% of the ocean within ten years? And is it even a worthwhile target?
Many scientists are questioning such “numbers first” targets. Over the last decade, some countries have hastily set up MPAs to meet Aichi Target 11 – but with poor protections. According to Megan D. Barnes and others in a paper published in 2018, such targets result in a focus on establishing protected areas but give the false impression that conservation is actually taking place: “It would be inconceivable to monitor healthcare provision based on available beds (quantity) irrespective of the presence of trained medical staff (quality) or whether patients live or die (outcome).”
Although scientists have produced methods to better evaluate the effectiveness of a protected area, these rarely come up in international negotiations or make it into treaty texts. The detail and complexity of scientific research tends not to survive a policymaking process involving 196 parties. So while numeric targets may suffer from being a blunt instrument, this is also their strength. “Quantified targets are easy to report on and assess. In this sense, of all the Aichi targets, the one on the extent of MPAs is the easiest to understand and evaluate,” Li Shuo said. “Look at the first of the Aichi targets: ‘By 2020, at the latest, people are aware of the values of biodiversity and the steps they can take to conserve and use it sustainably.’ What’s the point in a target when there’s no way to measure success?”
Observers generally think numeric targets are a powerful tool. The 30% aim remains bracketed in the Kunming zero draft, meaning it requires further discussion, but it is a start. Chen Jiliang, a high seas conservation researcher with NGO Greenovation Hub, doesn’t think it’s a choice between quality or quantity – both are necessary.
The Thirty by Thirty target has strong support from the UK, the EU, Canada, Costa Rica and the Seychelles. “Nobody has been explicitly opposed to it during talks. But a lot of countries haven’t commented on the actual number, and some of them may have reservations about it,” said Li Shuo.
The weakness of the CBD is that it lacks teeth
More important is how the target will be implemented. The weakness of the CBD is that it lacks teeth. After the 10% target was announced, countries themselves decided what action to take, then submitted reports they produced themselves. It is as if students submit homework which never gets marked, but is just left on a desk to be read by anyone who might be interested. This has led to the CBD being described as toothless.
“Setting conservation targets is one thing, implementing them is another,” said Zheng Miaozhuang. He thinks that while the Thirty by Thirty target has gathered plenty of political will, “if like the Aichi Target 11 it is never achieved or creates MPAs that exist only on paper and in words, it doesn’t matter how ambitious is it.”
But multilateral processes often set lofty targets which, though never met, result in progress during implementation. Kristina Gjerde told China Dialogue that while many protected areas aren’t well managed and may not be worthy of the name, encouragement is needed for improvement: simply pointing out these aren’t really MPAs won’t help.
Chen Jiliang thinks the parties to the CBD should support an ambitious target: “Without that target, there’s no reason to mobilise the resources to achieve it.”
During talks on marine conservation targets, China has always stressed feasibility and a combination of quality and quantity. Zheng Miaozhuang said the 5th Working Report of the CBD, originally due to be published in the first half of this year, would review national implementation of Aichi Target 11. This would help set targets for marine protection under the CBD’s post-2020 framework. However, the coronavirus means it will likely be delayed.
One researcher with the Ministry of Natural Resources who participated in the talks and has requested anonymity said that China is taking a conservative stance on a numeric target. He thinks clarity will be needed on what is meant by “ocean”, as the post-2020 targets cover marine areas under national jurisdiction – and two-thirds of the ocean is international waters.
Nor is Li Shuo particularly optimistic. “The negotiation process is more than halfway over, and everyone’s still talking about designing targets, with less discussion of implementation and funding. Is that going to convince people the Kunming process has learned lessons from Aichi?”
Enric Sala, marine ecologist and National Geographic explorer-in-residence, said in an email to China Dialogue that “COVID-19 has already changed the world, and everyone can realise that our relationship with nature is broken and that we have to fix it. This is why I hope that Kunming will change history not only by agreeing to ambitious targets for nature conservation, but also by establishing mechanisms to optimise and monitor conservation outcomes. We cannot make big announcements and promises without a real commitment to follow up.”
Kong Lingyu is a freelance writer covering environment and science. She was a journalist with Caixin Media and a project manager with Guangzhou Green Data Environmental Service Center, a non-governmental organization in China.
This article appears courtesy of China Dialogue Ocean and may be found in its original form here.
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Op-Ed: Protecting 30 Percent of the Ocean is Easier Said Than Done
[By Kong Lingyu]
Although there is no official word, it is highly likely the 15th Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD COP15), due to be held in Kunming this October, will be pushed back to next year, as the coronavirus epidemic has forced a number of preparatory meetings to be cancelled or delayed, stalling the already slow CBD negotiations process.
The epidemic makes the future of targets for global biodiversity – including in the ocean – even more uncertain. With economies suffering, how much money will there be for marine biodiversity? But some see opportunity. Li Shuo, senior global policy advisor with Greenpeace East Asia, says recent epidemics have almost all originated in animals, and the coronavirus exposes the possible health risks that arise when the relationship between humanity and nature falls out of balance.
Calls for a “Thirty by Thirty” target – to make 30% of the global ocean marine protected areas (MPAs) by 2030 – have been increasing. The target is already in the zero draft for CBD COP15, and it is the clearest and most widely supported of the proposals to the conference.
But the slow pace of progress over the last decade, often inadequate marine protection where it does exist, and the current precarious state of negotiations over mechanisms to protect the high seas all point to the huge challenge of achieving the goal. Even if the political will to add it to the Kunming targets is there, actually fulfilling that commitment within the next ten years looks to be an impossible task.
Aichi failures
As early as 2000, scientists were calling for 30% of the ocean to be protected in order to preserve biodiversity. In 2003, the World Park Congress proposed strict protections for at least 20-30% of the ocean by 2012. Unfortunately, a lack of political will meant that parties to the CBD scaled back ambitions in 2010, calling for protection of only 10% of coastal and marine areas. That became Aichi Target 11, named for the Japanese prefecture where the 2010 talks took place.
Ten years later, when reviewing the performance of the 196 parties to the CBD, there is no denying that even the 10% target has been missed. Although the CBD doesn’t make official data on protected ocean areas available, the International Union for the Conservation of Nature calculated from national data that only 7.43% of the ocean worldwide was protected as of 12 April 2020.
The Aichi target was more concerned with the quantity of MPAs than the quality. It called for such areas to be “conserved through effectively and equitably managed, ecologically representative and well-connected systems.” But much research has shown that MPAs are only effective when extractive practices such as fishing and mining are banned.
When you look at the quality of protections, that 7.43% achievement seems even less impressive. First, this is just a simple total of nationally reported figures, and many of the MPAs are “paper parks”, existing only in government documents. Some are merely proposals, years away from implementation. Second, the vast majority of these MPAs still allow the use of various types of resources. After examining the data, the Marine Conservation Institute found that only 2.5% of the ocean could be classed as highly protected, with only light extractive activities allowed.
Kristina Gjerde, senior high seas advisor to the IUCN, told China Dialogue: “So to me the definition of MPA needs to talk about everything [being] managed for conservation, and MPAs today don’t. They are just more like marine planning exercises.” She explained that the IUCN places MPAs in one of six categories, according to the level of protection, with Category V and VI allowing the sustainable use of natural resources. “It means more sustainable use for local communities. It doesn’t mean commercial fishing. And so if you start to scrutinise how many MPAs are open to commercial fishing, and said ‘no, they should not be really qualified MPAs’, your numbers will go way down.”
Trouble on the high seas
Calls to implement the Thirty by Thirty target have gathered force among scientists, international organisations, the media and the public, and can no longer be ignored. But nor can two problems: First, given the lessons learned from the Aichi process, can we fulfil this goal? Second, how? This brings us to high seas governance.
The CBD aims to protect global biodiversity. But its signatories – sovereign states – can only create MPAs within their jurisdiction, not for the high seas. Aichi Target 11 did not specify if that 10% was to be in marine areas within national jurisdiction, or to cover the high seas. Currently, the vast majority of MPAs fall within national jurisdictions.
But only 39% of the ocean falls within national jurisdiction, with the remaining 61% being international waters. Thus, achieving the 30% protection target would require protecting almost 80% of domestic waters. This is clearly unrealistic.
In other words, the tools currently at the CBD’s disposal do not allow it to reach the Thirty by Thirty target. Either it comes up with new mechanisms, or the 196 signatories achieve that target via other international platforms or tools.
There is no widely used method for managing MPAs on the high seas. In 2004, talks started on marine biodiversity beyond areas of national jurisdiction (BBNJ), under the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea. After 16 years of talks and three formal intergovernmental negotiations in the last two years, there is hope for a binding treaty on the high seas. The MPA articles of that treaty would be an important tool for the CBD in achieving its targets.
It is as if 196 people decided to cross an ocean over the course of a decade. Their aim is set but they have no means of transport. The first order of business is to find or fashion one. How long will that take? This is the crucial issue for high seas protection today. A BBNJ treaty looks the most plausible “boat” – but the coronavirus has forced a fourth intergovernmental meeting planned for March and April to be postponed.
The outlook for the BBNJ talks is unclear, said Zheng Miaozhuang, associate researcher with the Ministry of Natural Resources’ Marine Development Strategy Institute and deputy head of its Ocean Environment Resources Research Office. “Although there is quite a bit of consensus on MPAs, there are four topics that need to be resolved at once: marine genetic resources, including questions on the sharing of benefits; environmental impact assessments; capacity building and the transfer of marine technology. Even if progress is made on MPAs, there will be no agreement if the other three topics aren’t also concluded.”
What targets do we need?
Given the inadequacy of existing MPAs and the lack of high seas governance mechanisms, is it possible to protect 30% of the ocean within ten years? And is it even a worthwhile target?
Many scientists are questioning such “numbers first” targets. Over the last decade, some countries have hastily set up MPAs to meet Aichi Target 11 – but with poor protections. According to Megan D. Barnes and others in a paper published in 2018, such targets result in a focus on establishing protected areas but give the false impression that conservation is actually taking place: “It would be inconceivable to monitor healthcare provision based on available beds (quantity) irrespective of the presence of trained medical staff (quality) or whether patients live or die (outcome).”
Although scientists have produced methods to better evaluate the effectiveness of a protected area, these rarely come up in international negotiations or make it into treaty texts. The detail and complexity of scientific research tends not to survive a policymaking process involving 196 parties. So while numeric targets may suffer from being a blunt instrument, this is also their strength. “Quantified targets are easy to report on and assess. In this sense, of all the Aichi targets, the one on the extent of MPAs is the easiest to understand and evaluate,” Li Shuo said. “Look at the first of the Aichi targets: ‘By 2020, at the latest, people are aware of the values of biodiversity and the steps they can take to conserve and use it sustainably.’ What’s the point in a target when there’s no way to measure success?”
Observers generally think numeric targets are a powerful tool. The 30% aim remains bracketed in the Kunming zero draft, meaning it requires further discussion, but it is a start. Chen Jiliang, a high seas conservation researcher with NGO Greenovation Hub, doesn’t think it’s a choice between quality or quantity – both are necessary.
The Thirty by Thirty target has strong support from the UK, the EU, Canada, Costa Rica and the Seychelles. “Nobody has been explicitly opposed to it during talks. But a lot of countries haven’t commented on the actual number, and some of them may have reservations about it,” said Li Shuo.
The weakness of the CBD is that it lacks teeth
More important is how the target will be implemented. The weakness of the CBD is that it lacks teeth. After the 10% target was announced, countries themselves decided what action to take, then submitted reports they produced themselves. It is as if students submit homework which never gets marked, but is just left on a desk to be read by anyone who might be interested. This has led to the CBD being described as toothless.
“Setting conservation targets is one thing, implementing them is another,” said Zheng Miaozhuang. He thinks that while the Thirty by Thirty target has gathered plenty of political will, “if like the Aichi Target 11 it is never achieved or creates MPAs that exist only on paper and in words, it doesn’t matter how ambitious is it.”
But multilateral processes often set lofty targets which, though never met, result in progress during implementation. Kristina Gjerde told China Dialogue that while many protected areas aren’t well managed and may not be worthy of the name, encouragement is needed for improvement: simply pointing out these aren’t really MPAs won’t help.
Chen Jiliang thinks the parties to the CBD should support an ambitious target: “Without that target, there’s no reason to mobilise the resources to achieve it.”
During talks on marine conservation targets, China has always stressed feasibility and a combination of quality and quantity. Zheng Miaozhuang said the 5th Working Report of the CBD, originally due to be published in the first half of this year, would review national implementation of Aichi Target 11. This would help set targets for marine protection under the CBD’s post-2020 framework. However, the coronavirus means it will likely be delayed.
One researcher with the Ministry of Natural Resources who participated in the talks and has requested anonymity said that China is taking a conservative stance on a numeric target. He thinks clarity will be needed on what is meant by “ocean”, as the post-2020 targets cover marine areas under national jurisdiction – and two-thirds of the ocean is international waters.
Nor is Li Shuo particularly optimistic. “The negotiation process is more than halfway over, and everyone’s still talking about designing targets, with less discussion of implementation and funding. Is that going to convince people the Kunming process has learned lessons from Aichi?”
Enric Sala, marine ecologist and National Geographic explorer-in-residence, said in an email to China Dialogue that “COVID-19 has already changed the world, and everyone can realise that our relationship with nature is broken and that we have to fix it. This is why I hope that Kunming will change history not only by agreeing to ambitious targets for nature conservation, but also by establishing mechanisms to optimise and monitor conservation outcomes. We cannot make big announcements and promises without a real commitment to follow up.”
Kong Lingyu is a freelance writer covering environment and science. She was a journalist with Caixin Media and a project manager with Guangzhou Green Data Environmental Service Center, a non-governmental organization in China.
This article appears courtesy of China Dialogue Ocean and may be found in its original form here.
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