#around 2350 BC

[ltwilliammowett]

For the first time in millennia, a Magan Boat sails off the coast of Abu Dhabi. It’s a reconstruction that has taught the world much about the skill and achievements of Bronze Age sailors

Archaeology on Marawah Island, west of Abu Dhabi, has revealed that 8,000 years ago the Arabian coast was home to a sophisticated seafaring people. They built stone structures, herded livestock, fished and dived for pearls, crafted jewelry, and developed a talent for sailing that started a remarkable cultural exchange.

By the Bronze Age, around 4,500 years ago, the region was prominent enough to have a name in ancient writings: Magan. From the island of Umm an-Nar, in modern Abu Dhabi which was part of ancient Magan, merchants sailed an international trade route that connected Mesopotamia, in what is now Iraq, to the Indus Valley in today’s India and Pakistan. Magan traded locally sourced pearls, stone and copper, one of the most sought-after commodities of the time, for ceramics, fabrics, jewelry, and other precious objects. Its ships were renowned through the Arabian Gulf.

The ship was built using 15 tons of locally sourced reeds that were painstakingly prepared by being soaked, stripped of leaves, crushed, and then tied into bundles using rope made from date palm fibers. These formed the hull, to which was attached a wooden frame. The boat’s dimensions were calculated based on what is known about similar vessels as well as hydrostatic analysis of what was needed to make it float. The reed hull was then waterproofed with a coating of bitumen, which was traded from Iraq. The heavy sail, raised purely by muscle without the benefit of pulleys, was crafted of goat’s hair in a patchwork of shades.

The result was the world’s largest ever reconstructed Bronze Age vessel: 60 feet long, capable of carrying 36 tons of cargo, and achieving surprisingly high speeds of 5.6 knots.

[gojosprettyprincess]

STUCK IN THE WASHING MACHINE TROPE WITH STEPBROTHER BAKUGOU!!!

cw - SMUT, Stepcest, dubcon in the beginning, Creampie, dumbification, anal play, he's aged up to 19, dirty talk, heavy degradation and Bakugou is really really mean cause he's Bakugou duh, slight daddy kink, some bad grammar bc it's not proofread. MINORS DNI!!!!

Word count - 2350

A/n - I have no idea how someone can possibly get stuck in a washing machine but just pretend you can😔🙏

﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏﹏

"Katsuki Katsuki! Holy fuck are you deaf or something?! I'm stuck!" you yelled at the top of your lungs as you tried your very best to wiggle yourself out from the washing machine opening. You can't even remember how you got yourself into this fucking mess, you were just trying to look and see if there were any more clothing pieces left behind because you've been noticing a few of your panties have gone missing the past few days and it kept getting worse and worse to the point where you barely have any left to wear, you assumed it's because you accidentally kept leaving them in the washing machine and now somehow your fucking stuck.

Heavy substantial footsteps were heard loudly outside the room before the wooden door went flying open, causing the doorknob to hit against the wall, causing a loud bang!, "The fuck do you want, can't you see I'm tryna fucking play?" the annoyed blond growled at you.

"Shut up and get me the fuck out" You yelled annoyed, while kicking your legs back to get his attention.

"Woah some mess you got yourself into, sweetheart" he smirks slyly while analyzing the situation, staring down at your pretty ass poking out of the washing machine, barely even covered by those tight slutty shorts you always wore around the house that never failed to make his cock rock hard.

"Oh please, just shut up and get me out already", you kicked your feet back hoping that he was behind you so it would hit him. "I don't think that's how you speak to someone you're trying to get help from, princess".

You rolled your eyes at the annoying pet names he always calls you every fucking time but you've grown used to it by now but the constant teasing was so fucking annoying. "Listen are you going to help me or not?".

"That depends princess, are you gonna beg me to or not?" you wanted to punch him in the face so fucking badly, imagining the shit-eating grin he definitely has plastered on his face right now. "Your so fucking annoying! No way go to hell!" you yelled.

"Oh yeah? Is that so"

He chuckled as he bent down behind you, eyes fixated on the way the thin material hugged your ass cheeks so tightly and delicious, you're so vulnerable in this position, he could keep you there and pound your slutty little holes for hours and hours if he wants to—which is probably what he's gonna do anyways.

He pressed the pad of his thumb against your damped crotch, rubbing it slowly back and forth as he watched the way your body jolted unexpectedly.

"Wha-what are you doing! You sick fuck??" you screamed as you tried to wiggle your ass away from his hold. "Oh, come on princess, let's have some fun yeah? You might even like it" he teases before tugging down your tiny shorts, just to be greeted with your glistening dripping cunt. A string of your slick connects to the crotch of the shorts before snapping away as he pulls it down to your knee. He groaned as his eyes took in the delicious sight in front of him, "No panties? And your fucking dripping, you probably planned this out and did this purposely just so I can come and see you like this, dirty fucking slut" he lands a harsh slap on your right ass cheek as you closed your eyes in embarrassment when you realized you're basically fucking exposed to him.

"Go to fucking hell you perv" You snapped back at him, "Oh yeah? I'm the perv?, I'm not the one fucking soaked and dripping onto the floor sweetheart". He laughs mockingly.

His dick was painfully hard and eager, straining to be released from his sweatpants, what can a man do? It's not his fault his dumb little stepsister always runs around the house with those tight little booty shorts, ass almost fully exposed, basically begging to be pounded and now he has his chance so why not take it?

He pulls his sweatpants and underwear down, thick perfectly curved dick slaps against his abdomen as pre cum oozes out of the angry red tip, he grips his fist around it before pumping himself a few times while circling your clit with his thumb, "Pretty little cunt you got here princess, been hiding this from me this whole time?"

"S-stop it Katsuki, this is wrong! You're my stepbrother, we can't do this!" you whined, it's so fucking wrong and fucked up and you sure as hell knew that, you just can't help but feel your needy cunt throbbing and yearning for more, it's only natural right?

Before you could even process anything else you felt his angry tip lining up at your entrance, his thick cock head bullying and prying it's way into your weeping tight hole before he shoves it all the way in unexpectedly, knocking the wind out of you as you hissed at the sudden pain.

"Hahh fuckk- Katsuki slow down!" you moaned as he starts thrusting his hard cock in and out of you like it was his mission to bruise and mark up your silky walls with his tip, strong hands gripping onto your waist as he stretches out your poor cunt with his fat girth, splitting that pretty little cunny in half as it drips all over him. "Holy fuckk you're so fucking tight hah- shitt" he hisses as your pussy clenches around him snugly, tightest cunt he ever fucked for sure.

He started pounding you harder, gripping the oversized T-shirt you wore as he rammed himself in the tight warm space between your thighs.

"Stupid little slut, is this what you need to shut that annoying little mouth of yours, my dick pounding this little pussy?" he took a mental note to give you exactly what you wanted when you're acting up and being a little bitchy brat to him. "Sh-ut up katsu-" shit you couldn't even form proper words to even say his fucking name, "You're the fucking worse fuh-ckk" you moaned out of pleasure. You can't even lie his cock was the best you've ever had and it's only been minutes since he started fucking you so that surely says a lot, his tip was grazing against the right spots in your hole, it's like his dick knew all the parts in cunt that would make your eyes roll to the back of your head and he was stretching your stuffy cunt with his cock soo good, it turnt you into a moaning mess.

"Oh yeah I know my cock is good you little slut, Gonna fuck you so stupid with it, you won't ever think about another guy's dick other than your stepbrother's" he smirks as he lands a hard slap on your ripped ass, watching the way the thick flesh jiggles against him, bouncing back against his pelvis as he drills himself so fucking deep inside of you. You're his little glory hole, he can stuff you full and deep of his seed and use your tight pussy for hours and fuck you so dumb that you can't even think for the rest of the week if he wants to.

He circles his thumb over your neglected butthole, the puckered hole fluttering against the pad of his thumb as he notices the way your moans got sweeter and louder at the gesture. He won't be surprised if you're a slut for anal he snooped through your room a shit ton of times looking for your dirty cum-stained panties he uses to jerk off to, to know that you have several jeweled anal plugs hidden away in your drawer.

"Mmm want me to put it in baby?" he teases, adoring the way the pink ring flutters on his thumb, soo eager and hungry to be stuffed and played with, "Ye-yes pleasee!" you hiccupped, purposely winking your hole for him desperately as a form of inviting him. "Heh, how cute" he mumbled before gathering your slick from your clit to rub it on the tiny rim before slowly sinking it in little by little. He groaned as he felt your cunt throbbing around his cock as your hungry asshole swallows his thumb into the hilt.

Heavy balls slapping against your clit as your eyes roll back to the back of your head as if you were possessed or something- or maybe you were, possessed by his fucking cock hitting your favorite spots in your hole that had you seeing stars. His cock was so fucking good, mushroom tip kissing your cervix with every single one of his mean thrusts. "Fuck wish I could play with those pretty tits" he groans, head falling back as he moans, your cunt felt like fucking heaven, so warm and tight just for him.

"Kat-Katsuki m' so close" you moaned as you felt the familiar feeling in your stomach building up, "Yeah? That fast? My cock is that good huh?".

You let out a porn star-worthy moan when you felt his thick thumb sliding in and out of your tight bullied walls, matching the rough brutal pace of the pounding he was giving your poor pussy. He lifts up one of his legs and plants his feet flat on the floor so he can drill deeper into your cunt, "Fuckk yes daddy- don't stop fuck! Please don't stop" you cried out as you felt yourself approaching your release.

He chuckled mockingly, "Daddy huh? You're such a fucking dirty whore ya know that?" he slapped your ass so fucking hard that his handprint was definitely branded on your ass cheek, "Didn't know my dear little stepsis was such a cock-hungry slut, what'd ya think mom would say if she found out her innocent daughter was milking her stepbrother's cock and calling him daddy hm? Always knew you were a whore" he smirks as you whimpered and dripped to his mean words.

He pulled his thumb out of your butthole slowly and then groaned when he saw the delicious little gape he created. He brought his thumb up to his mouth before sucking it, gathering spit onto the finger then circling it around the gaped hole.

"Fuckk would you look at that, she's all prepped and ready for my cock, maybe after I'm done stuffing your cunt, I'll fill this one up too, bet you'll fucking like that", you felt his cock throbbing like crazy in your pussy as he imagined stuffing both of holes with his bitter cum and having you all plugged up n pretty with his seed deep in your asshole and the only thing keeping it in is the princess plug you have hidden away in your drawer- buried deep inside your ass.

You almost screamed when you felt him stabbing his cock into your cunt even harder, strong hands gripping your waist tightly to keep you still as he rams his hips against yours. The friction of his heavy balls slapping your clit made it feel even better as your cunt clenches around his cock, threatening to milk his balls into your pussy. You're not surprised that Bakugou was this good at fucking, after all, he was really fucking sexy and built, of course he had a lot of experience. You cried out when you felt his fingers rubbing harsh harsh circles on your clit, "Come on slut, need ya to cum on my cock, don't make me repeat myself" he grunts, head falling back when he feels your cunny squeezing around his cock soo much fucking tighter. You closed your eyes as you felt your orgasm approaching. His thrust was so fucking brutal, it's like he has some fucking personal problem and is taking it out on your poor cunt.

Before you could process anything else, you were gushing all over his pretty cock, warm liquid squirting all over his abs and pelvis and he continues pounding you through it, he lets out a slurpy moan while laughing, "Fuckk yeah that's it baby that's it, Gooddd girl" he thrusts got sloppier and sloppier when he felt his balls tightening. He didn't expect you to fucking squirt and make a mess all over him so it drove him fucking crazy.

You felt his cock twisting against your tight walls, assuming he was about to cum. Fuck, you felt so lifeless. The only thing holding you up was Katsuki's strong grip on your waist and the washing machine because you can't even think right now, your mind fully fucking clouded with his cock bullying your poor insides, splitting your sweet cunny apart. Fuck he's so mean, you shivered when you felt his fingers digging deep into your waist.

"Fuck m'gonna cum, gonna stuff this slutty cunt so full of my seed, it'll come right out your mouth bitch" he hisses before emptying his balls in your pussy, thick ropes of cum filling up your cumdump of a hole as you cried out when you felt his angry tip pushing the cum further and further into your cunny, making sure to stuff you full and not let any of it leak out or you'd have to lick it up.

He chuckles darkly when he hears you're out of breath whimpers. "Is this what you needed? A good little filling to shut that pretty mouth of yours? Because if it's dick you need to function properly you know where to find me baby" he chuckles, slowly pulling out his still-hard cock, being sooo careful that none of the cum drips out. He lines his tip up at the entrance of your butthole, smearing the cum onto the hole as it winks at him.

"Ready for the other filling?"

[indianfoodinusa]

INDIAN FOODS IN USA

Hi Readers, welcome to indianfoodinusadotcom, Here you can learn all about Indian foods, recipes and all about INDIAN FOOD like {ABOUT INDIAN FOOD}

{HISTORY}

{VEDIC AGES}

{ANTIQUITY}

{FOOD MENTIONED IN ANECIENT INDIAN SCRIPTURE}

{MIDDLE AGE OF 16th CENTURY}

{COLONIAL PERIODS}

{INGREDIENTS}

{RECIPES}

LIKE (a) chicken Biryani (b) mutton biryani (c)Butter chicken (d) chicken tikka masala (e) veg biryani (f) Palak paneer (g) Matar paneer (h) chutneys, AND  Many more.

ABOUT INDIAN FOOD in USA

You will get know more about the best restaurants Around the world

INDIAN FOOD consists of a variety of regional and traditional cuisines native to India. Given the diversity in soil, climate, culture, ethnic groups, and occupations, these cuisines vary substantially and use locally available spices, herbs, vegetables, and fruits.

Indian food is also heavily influenced by religion, in particular Hinduism and Islam, cultural choices.

Historical events such as invasions, trade relations, and colonialism have played a role in introducing certain foods to this country. The Columbian discovery of the New World brought a number of new vegetables and fruit to India. A number of these such as potatoes, tomatoes, chillies, peanuts, and guava have become staples in many regions of India.

INDIAN FOOD has shaped the history of international relations; the spice trade between India and Europe was the primary catalyst for Europe's Age of Discovery.

Spices were bought from India and traded around Europe and Asia. INDIAN FOOD has influenced other cuisines across the world, especially those from Europe (especially Britain), the Middle East, Southern African, East Africa, Southeast Asia, North America, Mauritius, Fiji, Oceania, and the Caribbean.

HISTORY OF INDIAN FOOD NON-VEGETARIAN

INDIAN FOOD reflects an 8,000-year history of various groups and cultures interacting with the Indian subcontinent, leading to a diversity of flavors and regional cuisines found in modern-day India. Later, trade with British and Portuguese influence added to the already diverse INDIAN FOOD.

After 9000 BCE, the first period of indirect contact between the Fertile Crescent and Indus Valley civilizations seems to have occurred due to the Neolithic Revolution and the diffusion of agriculture. Around 7000 BCE, agriculture spread from the Fertile Crescent to the Indus Valley, and wheat and barley began to be grown. Sesame and humped cattle were domesticated in the local farming communities.

 Mehrgarh is one of South Asia's earliest sites with evidence of farming and herding. From circa 4500 to 1900 BC the rulers of Lower Mesopotamia were Sumerians who spoke a non-Indo-European and non-Semitic language, may have initially come from India and may have been related to the original Dravidian population of India.

By 3000 BCE, turmeric, cardamom, black pepper and mustard were harvested in India.

From Around 2350 BCE the evidence for imports from the Indus to Ur in Mesopotamia have been found, as well as Clove heads which are thought to originate from the Moluccas in Maritime Southeast Asia were found in a 2nd millennium BC site in Terqa. Akkadian Empire records mention timber, carnelian and ivory as being imported from Meluhha by Meluhhan ships, Meluhha being generally considered as the Mesopotamian name for the Indus Valley Civilization.

VEDIC AGE

VEGETARIAN

The ancient Hindu text Mahabharata mentions rice and vegetable cooked together, and the word "pulao" or "pallao" is used to refer to the dish in ancient Sanskrit works, such as Yājñavalkya Smṛti. Ayurveda, ancient Indian system of wellness, deals with holistic approach to the wellness, and it includes food, dhyana (meditation) and yoga.

ANTIQUITY

Early diet in India mainly consisted of legumes, vegetables, fruits, grains, dairy products, and honey.

Staple foods eaten today include a variety of lentils (dal), whole-wheat flour (aṭṭa), rice, and pearl millet (bājra), which has been cultivated in the Indian subcontinent since 6200 BCE.

Over time, segments of the population embraced vegetarianism during the Śramaṇa movement while an equitable climate permitted a variety of fruits, vegetables, and grains to be grown throughout the year.

A food classification system that categorised any item as saatvic, raajsic, or taamsic developed in Yoga tradition. The Bhagavad Gita proscribes certain dietary practices.

Consumption of beef is taboo, due to cows being considered sacred in Hinduism.[14] Beef is generally not eaten by Hindus in India except for Kerala, parts of southern Tamil Nadu and the north-east.

PICKLES

FOOD MENTIONED IN ANECIENT INDIAN SCRIPTURE

While many ancient Indian recipes have been lost in history, one can look at ancient texts to see what was eaten in ancient and pre-historic India.

Barley—(known as Yava in both Vedic and Classical Sanskrit) is mentioned many times in Rigveda and other Indian scriptures as one of the principal grains in ancient India

Betel leaf—primary use is as a wrapper for the chewing of areca nut or tobacco, where it is mainly used to add flavour; may also be used in cooking, usually raw, for its peppery taste

Breadfruit—fritters called jeev kadge phodi in Konkani or kadachakka varuthath in Malayalam are a local delicacy in coastal Karnataka and Kerala

Chickpeas—popular dishes are made with chickpea flour, such as mirchi bajji and mirapakaya bajji

Curd—a traditional yogurt or fermented milk product, originating from the Indian subcontinent, usually prepared from cow's milk, and sometimes buffalo milk, or goat milk

Figs —cultivated from Afghanistan to Portugal, also grown in Pithoragarh in the Kumaon hills of India; from the 15th century onwards, also grown in areas including Northern Europe and the New World

Ghee—a class of clarified butter that originated in ancient India, commonly used in the Indian subcontinent, Middle-Eastern cuisine, traditional medicine, and religious rituals

Grape wine —first-known mention of grape-based wines in India is from the late 4th-century BC writings of Chanakya

Honey —the spiritual and supposed therapeutic use of honey in ancient India was documented in both the Vedas and the Ayurveda texts

Mango—the Jain goddess Ambika is traditionally represented as sitting under a mango tree

Mustard —brown mustard is a spice that was cultivated in the Indus Valley civilization and is one of the important spices used in the Indian subcontinent today

Pomegranate—in some Hindu traditions, the pomegranate (Hindi: anār) symbolizes prosperity and fertility, and is associated with both Bhoomidevi (the earth goddess) and Lord Ganesha (the one fond of the many-seeded fruit)

Rice—cultivated in the Indian subcontinent from as early as 5,000 BC

Rice cake—quite a variety are available

Rose apple—mainly eaten as a fruit and also used to make pickles (chambakka achar)

Saffron —almost all saffron grows in a belt from Spain in the west to Kashmir in the east

Salt —considered to be a very auspicious substance in Hinduism and is used in particular religious ceremonies like house-warmings and weddings; in Jainism, devotees lay an offering of raw rice with a pinch of salt before a deity to signify their devotion, and salt is sprinkled on a person's cremated remains before the ashes are buried

Sesame oil —popular in Asia, especially in Korea, China, and the South Indian states of Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, and Tamil Nadu, where its widespread use is similar to that of olive oil in the Mediterranean

Sorghum—commonly called jwaarie, jowar, jola, or jondhalaa, sorghum is one of the staple sources of nutrition

Sugar—produced in the Indian subcontinent since ancient times, its cultivation spread from there into modern-day Afghanistan through the Khyber Pass

Sugarcane—the earliest known production of crystalline sugar began in northern India; the earliest evidence of sugar production comes from ancient Sanskrit and Pali texts

Turmeric —used widely as a spice in South Asian and Middle Eastern cooking

Middle Ages to the 16th Century

VEG DUM BIRYANI

During the Middle Ages, several Indian dynasties were predominant, including the Gupta dynasty. Travel to India during this time introduced new cooking methods and products to the region, including tea.

India was later invaded by tribes from Central Asian cultures, which led to the emergence of Mughlai cuisine, a mix of Indian and Central Asian cuisine. Hallmarks include seasonings such as saffron.

Colonial Period

The Portuguese and British during their rule introduced cooking techniques such as baking, and foods from the New World and Europe.

The new-world vegetables popular in cuisine from the Indian subcontinent include tomato, potato, sweet potatoes, peanuts, squash, and chilli. Most New World vegetables such as sweet potatoes, potatoes, Amaranth, peanuts and cassava based Sago are allowed on Hindu fasting days. Cauliflower was introduced by the British in 1822. In the late 18th/early 19th century, an autobiography of a Scottish Robert Lindsay mentions a Sylheti man called Saeed Ullah cooking a curry for Lindsay's family. This is possibly the oldest record of INDIAN FOOD in the United Kingdom.

INGREDIENTS

Staple foods of INDIAN FOOD include pearl millet (bājra), rice, whole-wheat flour (aṭṭa), and a variety of lentils, such as masoor (most often red lentils), tuer (pigeon peas), urad (black gram), and moong (mung beans). Lentils may be used whole, dehusked—for example, dhuli moong or dhuli urad—or split. Split lentils, or dal, are used extensively, Some pulses, such as channa or cholae (chickpeas), rajma (kidney beans), and lobiya (black-eyed peas) are very common, especially in the northern regions. Channa and moong are also processed into flour (besan).

Many Indian dishes are cooked in vegetable oil, but peanut oil is popular in northern and western India, mustard oil in eastern India, and coconut oil along the western coast, especially in Kerala and parts of southern Tamil Nadu, Gingelly (sesame) oil is common in the south since it imparts a fragrant, nutty aroma.

In recent decades, sunflower, safflower, cottonseed, and soybean oils have become popular across India, Hydrogenated vegetable oil, known as Vanaspati ghee, is another popular cooking medium, Butter-based ghee, or deshi ghee, is used commonly.

Many types of meat are used for Indian cooking, but chicken and mutton tend to be the most commonly consumed meats. Fish and beef consumption are prevalent in some parts of India, but they are not widely consumed except for coastal areas, as well as the north east.

The most important and frequently used spices and flavourings in INDIAN FOOD are whole or powdered chilli pepper (mirch, introduced by the Portuguese from Mexico in the 16th century), black mustard seed (sarso), cardamom (elaichi), cumin (jeera), turmeric (haldi), asafoetida (hing), ginger (adrak), coriander (dhania), and garlic (lasoon).

One popular spice mix is garam masala, a powder that typically includes seven dried spices in a particular ratio, including black cardamom, cinnamon (dalchini), clove (laung), cumin (jeera), black peppercorns, coriander seeds and anise star.

Each culinary region has a distinctive garam masala blend—individual chefs may also have their own. Goda masala is a comparable, though sweet, spice mix popular in Maharashtra. Some leaves commonly used for flavouring include bay leaves (tejpat), coriander leaves, fenugreek (methi) leaves, and mint leaves. The use of curry leaves and roots for flavouring is typical of Gujarati and South INDIAN FOOD.

[alivetobeskinny]

March 28 log

(Forgot to do it so I’m just gonna do it now)

Calorie limit: 800

Steps goal: 8000

Ate: 2640 (binged)

Burned: 290

Total: 2350

Total steps: 10518

Note:

I’m so disappointed with myself that I couldn’t control myself around food and my mom isn’t a help either cause she’s constantly mad at me and now I don’t even have a door in my room bc she told my dad to take it out :/

Anyways I won’t be able to work out (only small ones in the night in my bed) so I will lower the cal limit to 500 and I’ll be fasting today as long as possible. As I mentioned I’m disappointed with myself and also disgusted which is why I’m going to restrict even more.

[arte-e-homoerotismo]

Unknown Artist, Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum

Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum were ancient royal servants who shared the title “Overseer of the Manicurists in the Palace of King Niuserre.” The two men are depicted on their joint tomb in one of the most intimate poses allowed by Egyptian artistic conventions: face to face, with their noses touching. Niankhkhnum means “joined to life” and Khnumhotep means “joined to the blessed state of the dead;” together their names mean “joined in life and death.” They are believed by some archeologists to be the first same-sex couple in recorded history. The picture shows a detail from their tomb dating to around 2350 BC.  

Khnumhotep e Niankhkhnum eram antigos servos reais que compartilhavam o título de “Supervisor das Manicures no Palácio do Rei Niuserre”. Os dois homens são representados no seu túmulo conjunto numa das poses mais íntimas permitidas pelas convenções artísticas egípcias: cara a cara, com os narizes encostados. Niankhkhnum significa “unido à vida” e Khnumhotep significa “unido ao estado abençoado dos mortos”; juntos, seus nomes significam “unidos na vida e na morte”. Alguns arqueólogos acreditam que eles sejam o primeiro casal do mesmo sexo na história registrada. A imagem mostra um detalhe de sua tumba datada de cerca de 2.350 aC.

[voidsumbrella]

my house is currently 4 rooms (kitchen, studio, bedroom, bathroom) and was converted from a large garage. the largest house ive lived in is my parent's, which is ~2350 sq ft. decently sized, but not huge by any stretch of the imagination.

so it's kind of hard to wrap my head about the scale of Really Fucking Big houses, such as, for a random example, witch's, which was a moderately sized house that they have stuck new rooms to ("yeah sure ill break into the most secured government library in the world so you can get the research materials you need for your life's work, and in exchange i will be taking your dining room.") on a fairly consistent basis. for like 1100 years and counting. and like on one hand, the general advice of "dont provide exact numbers unless you are 100% sure you can defend it" holds true, but on the other hand im having a rough time visualizing it.

so the game plan is like, supernaturally large. the total space they have to play with is 10 square miles/6400 acres, divided roughly like this:

done in paint while i try and coax csp into updating. not really to scale. don't worry about like, geological accuracy, it's a manufactured space sustained largely by magic. also it loops at the edges- like, if you walk from the house thru the marsh and keep going you'll wind up in the grasslands.

so the whole space around the house before it starts being trees is a bit under 2 square miles/1280 acres; for the sake of rough numbers, im gonna round it down to 900ish acres; this a bit larger than central park in nyc. the gardens around the house (including the greenhouses) take up about the same space as the house itself, and while some parts of the house get very close to the woods, the structure itself doesn't cover the entire area

the largest palace in the world defined by area within the walls is the forbidden city (beijing) @ 7.8m sq ft/180 acres. if i boost that to 200 acres it would bc about the size of the national mall between the washington monument and the actual capitol grounds, which feels like. a good ballpark for a Supernaturally Big Fucking House.

don't worry, witch's house isn't a rectangle

the guiness world record holder for largest residential palace by floorspace is istana nurul iman (brunei), @ 2.1m sq ft floorspace, split across 17 floors including basements, and has 1788 rooms. if witch's house takes up 200 acres on one level, that would put one floor as being roughly 8.7m sq ft., which im going to round down to being about 4 times as many as the INI. the palace includes stuff like a 5000 person banquet hall and multiple bigass garages, neither of which would be present in witch's, but these are all approximates so im gonna just say that any one floor has about 7152 rooms. the full number of floors they have varies from "9 layers of basement, 4 rooms each" to "single level sunroom" to "15 story tower w/ observatory", so im gonna average it to 3, for a total of roughly 21000 rooms.

this averages on about 19 rooms added per year. keeping in mind that these are frequently "ok im stealing your 200 room palace now" acquisitions, and a bunch of "tacking on a boring square because i needed another storeroom" that feels............................... uhh ......................... okay reasonable is not the word i would use here, but in the vague ballpark of plausible???? maybe?????????????

yknow, im not sure this actually helped me visualize it much at all ._.

[worldsandemanations]

Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum were ancient royal servants who shared the title “Overseer of the Manicurists in the Palace of King Niuserre.” The two men are depicted on their joint tomb in one of the most intimate poses allowed by Egyptian artistic conventions: face to face, with their noses touching. Niankhkhnum means “joined to life” and Khnumhotep means “joined to the blessed state of the dead;” together their names mean “joined in life and death.” They are believed by some archeologists to be the first same-sex couple in recorded history. The picture shows a detail from their tomb dating to around 2350 BC.

[dragon-says-goodnight]

My friend, my dude, marriage is certainly not an original Christian sacrament. Jewish people married before Christianity existed. Hindu people married before Christianity existed. Chinese people married before Christianity existed. The vikings had marriage. Almost every single culture you can think of has some sort of marriage, and a large portion of them hadn’t even heard of the Christian god, especially as they lived before Jesus kicked his mothers stomach for the first time. Marriage outdates Christianity by thousands of years. That’s like saying you yourself invented speaking English, because you speak English.

Marriage is something that has existed since before written history. The earliest recorded marriage occurred in 2350 BC in the Mesopotania, and certainly had absolutely nothing to do with the Abrahamic god, and followed a polytheistic religion.

If secular people have appropriated marriage from Christians, you have to also claim Christians appropriated it from others who appropriated it from others who appropriated it from others who appropriated it from an ancient polytheistic religion that can be traced back to around 6000 BC.

Absolutely disgusting segment on NBC about “polyamorous” people raising families together and having kids calling it “polyfamory” Like?? You’re gonna mess up those kids so bad and also like…why?

But this lady on the news is calling it “so called traditional families” and “There’s no hierarchy in this type of marriage/ family like with so called traditional families”

Why do we stray from Christ??

[dam-nugig]

Festival of Inanna in Nippur

Sixth month of Nippur calendar, which is approximately our August - September, was called Kin-Inanna, meaning Work of Inanna (alternatively Oracular decision of Inanna). The name of the month is attested already in Early Dynastic period (2900-2350 BC), but the main source of information about festival connected with it comes from Ur III period. The central part of the festival was held for 15 days from the 12th to 25th day of the month and was marked by the arrival of the statue of the goddess back at her temple from the visits in sancuraies of Enlil in Nippur and Suen (Nanna) in Ur. This occasion was celebrated in a series of rites taking place in the courtyard where the cult statue was stationed, before it was placed in the cella again where it remained for the rest of the year. This occasion was not only religious, but social event as well for many administrators, cultic functionaries, and associates of the temple were attending it and were supplied with bread and beer from temple's resources. 

The festival comprised of 4 main phases:

Visit of Inanna to Enlil in Nippur and Suen (Nanna) in Ur (Day 5-11)

Early offerinngs marking upcomming main part of the festival (Day 12-14)

Main ceremonies held on full moon (Day 15)

Courtyard offering ceremonies to Enlil, Inanna and other deities (Day 16-27)

Early in the month Inanna’s statue traveled to Enlil’s temple E-kur and Suen's temple in Ur. This happened around the 5th day and on the 12th day of the month the statue returned back to the temple. From then the main phase of the festival begun, but in a meantime, certain prescribed chores were carried out. Those included cleaning the temple, preparing offerings of dates and flour so they could be delivered for “early offering” ceremony to the temple of Enlil on the 12th day. 

After that, on the 14th day, the first "Elevation" offering was performed, during which offerings of various foodstufs and animals were presented to Enlil, Inanna and several other deities. On the 15 the day of the month, during the full moon, the festival reached its highpoint.  For that occasion Inanna’s statue was cleaned (the text even states that she “bathed herself”) and the main event of “presenting the gift” of a young goat to Inanna was held.

Relief Fragment with Male Figures Carrying Goats Before a Ruler

Following that, the cultic activities of regular offerings to the courtyard began with a purification ritual involving fire, so called torch ceremony "ge-izi-lá". From the 16th day up to at least the 25th day the "courtyard offerings" of sheep, various types of flour, dates, fish and birds for Enlil, Inanna and other deities and deified kings were carried out almost every day.

The festival seems to have been concluded by second "elevation" ritual, held on the 20th to 21st day, labeled as "perfected (?) deity", although offerings for the courtyard continued up until the 25th day.

Sources:

Sallaberger, W. - Zettler, L. R. 2011,  Inana’s Festival at Nippur under the Third Dynasty of Ur, Zeitschrift für Assyriologie Bd. 101, 1-71. Ur III Calendars at CDLI Babylonian calendar

[106days]

On my last day in Israel I got up early and hotfooted it to a hostel that runs tours, to see if I could get on the West Bank tour for the day, as Saturday in Jerusalem is pretty bloody quiet. There was almost no one in the streets, and literally everything is shut. I was impressed by the cat in the first photo's resting spot - probably the only day of the week she gets to sit up there.

Got on the tour but the bus was an hour late coming from Tel Aviv because of some marathon that was on there. I think this meant our guide had an hour less of the day to take us around. His name was Ashraf and he joined us in Ramallah, where we made our first stop at Arafat Square. Told us a bit about the history of the sculpture on the flagpole; about how it was forbidden to show or fly the Palestinian flag after the war of 1967 until the Oslo accords in 1993. Also picked up some quick breakfast - managed to get a bottle of water, two little cheese triangles, and two coconut macaroons for 5 shekels - unheard of on the other side of the border.

Our next stop was Al-Manara Square, just up the street, where a big digital billboard displayed a tribute to Shireen Abu Akleh and stone lions sat in the centre of the roundabout, representing various significant families who hail from the area. The square is frequently a site for protests.

The last stop in Ramallah was the tomb of Yasser Arafat. He was a divisive figure and even Ashraf said that Palestinians were unhappy with the terms of the Oslo accords, but they respected Arafat as a leader and so they accepted his acceptance of the agreement. We were also told that Palestinians expect that when they retake Jerusalem ('when'...), Arafat's body will be moved there.

Back on the bus for our trip to Jericho. I'll say I was awake for maybe 20 minutes before my late night and early start had me dozing pretty soundly. Woke up groggy as heck and got off the bus to be slammed in the face with 39 degree heat. Jericho is possibly the oldest continuous settlements in the world (or at least it lays claim to it), having been potentially inhabited since 9000BC. Jericho is ostensibly where we went from hunter gatherers to farmers, and there's an ancient grain silo (the grey rocky cylindrical thing in photos above) to show for it. The remnants of what was a palace, also in one of the pictures above, dates to 2450-2350 BC. You can also see the ancient walls, which were up to 2m thick. No surprises as to why they were necessary... being in the rift valley, Jericho was often under attack.

We didn't stay all that long which was kind of disappointing but also welcome given the stifling weather. It was also very hazy that day, with very little visibility into the near distance. Usually you can see across into Jordan easily - not on Saturday. I read today that there have been dust storms in the Middle East, the 10th in two months - but they seem to have been affecting Syria, Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, and Kuwait for the most part.

Stopped at the Jordan River at the purported spot where Jesus was baptised, noting that Jordan also has such a location on the Dead Sea; clearly it could be anywhere. The river was more of a creek (because Israel has diverted so much of the river upstream to irrigating the Negev desert for agriculture) and Jordan was just on the other side. There were also a lot of people dressed in white, ready to be baptised / re-commit their faith or whatever. I didn't stay out there long.

Back on the bus for the drive to Bethlehem, during which I caught up on some of the federal election. Eventually we arrived and had lunch, which I found to be pretty average, then went up to the Church of the Nativity and the separation wall again, which I'd seen two days before. It was fine, didn't mind going again. Then it was time for Ashraf to leave us and for us to be driven back to Jerusalem. Our Palestinian bus driver tried one route where upon showing his permit at the checkpoint, the Israeli soldiers took it, and must have told him he couldn't take us through. I didn't understand a word they were saying (except the bus driver definitely said excuse me and something about Tel Aviv, as he had passengers that had to be taken to another minibus to be taken to that city) but it was clear they weren't going to allow us in there.

The bus driver swore loudly and a lot, ranting to himself, as he drove the coach up the road 50m, did a 3-point turn, and passed by the soldiers again; collecting his permit from them through the window and probably saying something not especially nice as he drove away - judging by their facial expressions. So we drove the 10mins back up the winding hill and took another route, passing a car accident on the way. Given how maniacally people drive in the Middle East, I'm surprised it was the only one I saw in my 3 weeks there.

Eventually returned to the hostel in Jerusalem and walked back to my hotel. Dropped off my postcards, picked up a beer, and sat on the rooftop - which was lovely. Could see the Dome of the Rock from up there and had a good view into the Tower of David, where musicians were rehearsing for a concert held later in the night. Retreated to my room and gathered the minerals to repack my bag for the flight the next day.

[stuartbramhall]

Akkadia: The World's First Empire

Akkadia: The World’s First Empire

  Episode 8: Lugalgagesi of Umma and Sargon of Kish Ancient Mesopotamia: Life in the Cradle of Civilization Dr Amanda H Podany Film Review This lecture concerns Mesopotamia’s most famous kings, Lugalgagesi of Umma and Sargon of Kish. Umma continued to have border wars with the city-state of Lagash (see Mesopotamia’s First Kings/) for several centuries. Around 2350 BC, Lugalgagesi totally sacked…

[cnepmbl]

Khnumhotep and Niankhkhnum were ancient royal servants who shared the title “Overseer of the Manicurists in the Palace of King Niuserre.” The two men are depicted on their joint tomb in one of the most intimate poses allowed by Egyptian artistic conventions: face to face, with their noses touching. Niankhkhnum means “joined to life” and Khnumhotep means “joined to the blessed state of the dead;” together their names mean “joined in life and death.” They are believed by some archeologists to be the first same-sex couple in recorded history. The picture shows a detail from their tomb dating to around 2350 BC.  

[foggynightdonut]

11 degree North - EBLA, 35 miles SW of ALEPPO.

Ebla (Sumerian: 𒌈𒆷 eb₂-la,[1]Arabic: إبلا‎, modern: تل مرديخ, Tell Mardikh) was one of the earliest kingdoms in Syria. Its remains constitute a tell located about 55 km (34 mi) southwest of Aleppo near the village of Mardikh. Ebla was an important center throughout the 3rd millennium BC and in the first half of the 2nd millennium BC. Its discovery proved the Levant was a center of ancient, centralized civilization equal to Egypt and Mesopotamia and ruled out the view that the latter two were the only important centers in the Near East during the Early Bronze Age. The first Eblaite kingdom has been described as the first recorded world power.

Starting as a small settlement in the Early Bronze Age (c. 3500 BC), Ebla developed into a trading empire and later into an expansionist power that imposed its hegemony over much of northern and eastern Syria. Ebla was destroyed during the 23rd century BC; it was then rebuilt and was mentioned in the records of the Third Dynasty of Ur. The second Ebla was a continuation of the first, ruled by a new royal dynasty. It was destroyed at the end of the 3rd millennium BC, which paved the way for the Amorite tribes to settle in the city, forming the third Ebla. The third kingdom also flourished as a trade center; it became a subject and an ally of Yamhad (modern-day Aleppo) until its final destruction by the Hittite king Mursili I in c. 1600 BC.

Ebla maintained its prosperity through a vast trading network. Artifacts from Sumer, Cyprus, Egypt and as far as Afghanistan were recovered from the city's palaces. The kingdom had its own language, Eblaite, and the political organization of Ebla had features different from the Sumerian model. Women enjoyed a special status, and the queen had major influence in the state and religious affairs. The pantheon of gods was mainly north Semitic and included deities exclusive to Ebla. The city was excavated starting in 1964 and became famous for the Ebla tablets, an archive of about 20,000 cuneiform tablets found there, dated to around 2350 BC.[note 1] Written in both Sumerian and Eblaite and using the cuneiform, the archive has allowed a better understanding of the Sumerian language and provided important information over the political organization and social customs of the mid-3rd millennium BC's Levant.

[nebris]

Ebla (Sumerian: 𒌈𒆷 eb₂-la,[1]Arabic: إبلا‎, modern: تل مرديخ, Tell Mardikh) was one of the earliest kingdoms in Syria. Its remains constitute a tell located about 55 km (34 mi) southwest of Aleppo near the village of Mardikh. Ebla was an important center throughout the 3rd millennium BC and in the first half of the 2nd millennium BC. Its discovery proved the Levant was a center of ancient, centralized civilization equal to Egypt and Mesopotamia and ruled out the view that the latter two were the only important centers in the Near East during the Early Bronze Age. The first Eblaite kingdom has been described as the first recorded world power.

Starting as a small settlement in the Early Bronze Age (c. 3500 BC), Ebla developed into a trading empire and later into an expansionist power that imposed its hegemony over much of northern and eastern Syria. Ebla was destroyed during the 23rd century BC; it was then rebuilt and was mentioned in the records of the Third Dynasty of Ur. The second Ebla was a continuation of the first, ruled by a new royal dynasty. It was destroyed at the end of the 3rd millennium BC, which paved the way for the Amorite tribes to settle in the city, forming the third Ebla. The third kingdom also flourished as a trade center; it became a subject and an ally of Yamhad (modern-day Aleppo) until its final destruction by the Hittite king Mursili I in c. 1600 BC.

Ebla maintained its prosperity through a vast trading network. Artifacts from Sumer, Cyprus, Egypt and as far as Afghanistan were recovered from the city's palaces. The kingdom had its own language, Eblaite, and the political organization of Ebla had features different from the Sumerian model. Women enjoyed a special status, and the queen had major influence in the state and religious affairs. The pantheon of gods was mainly north Semitic and included deities exclusive to Ebla. The city was excavated starting in 1964 and became famous for the Ebla tablets, an archive of about 20,000 cuneiform tablets found there, dated to around 2350 BC.[note 1] Written in both Sumerian and Eblaite and using the cuneiform, the archive has allowed a better understanding of the Sumerian language and provided important information over the political organization and social customs of the mid-3rd millennium BC's Levant.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ebla

[thehereticpharaoh]

A Swiss-French archaeological mission at the Saqqara necropolis, directed by Professor Philippe Collombert from the University of Geneva, has unearthed the upper part of an Old Kingdom obelisk that belonged to Queen Ankhnespepy II, the mother of King Pepy II (6th Dynasty, Old Kingdom, around 2350 BC).

[danailie2004]

After a brief incursion in the mysteries of the Pergamon Museum in Berlin, the time has come to remember my visits to the most grandiose museum in the world: the Louvre! The first time I visited it was at the end of 2006 and, since I was on a tight schedule, I could only squeeze in a couple of hours to see the highlights of the museum. On my second visit, in the first days of 2014, I walked around for more than 4 hours, until my feet started hurting. In this article I will share 10 of my favourite exhibits from the world’s most visited museum (out of which the first 5 are representations of women, because we deserve it 😛 )!

The Louvre Museum in Paris

“The Winged Victory of Samothrace”, also called the “Nike of Samothrace” (approx. 200–190 BC)

The Winged Victory of Samothrace in the Louvre Museum

“Aphrodite”, known as the “Venus de Milo” (Island of Melos, Cyclades, Greece; 100 BC)

Venus de Milo in the Louvre Museum

“Mona Lisa” – Portrait of Lisa Gherardini, wife of Francesco del Giocondo, by Leonardo da Vinci (1503)

Gioconda or Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci in the Louvre Museum

Portrait of a woman, known as “L’Européenne” (2nd century AD)

Portrait of a woman, known as L’Europeenne in the Louvre Museum

“Liberty Leading the People” by Eugène Delacroix (1830)

Liberty Leading the People by Eugene Delacroix in the Louvre Museum

The Code of Hammurabi, king of Babylon (1792 – 1750 BC)

The Code of Hammurabi in the Louvre Museum

“Seated Scribe” or “Squatting Scribe” (Saqqara, Egypt; 2600 – 2350 BC)

Egyptian Seated Scribe in the Louvre Museum

“The Death of Saint-Innocent“, an allegory of Death (Cemetery of the Innocents, Paris; approx. 1520-1530)

The Death of Saint-Innocent in the Louvre Museum

“The 4 Seasons” by Giuseppe Arcimboldo (16th century)

The 4 Seasons by Giuseppe Arcimboldo in the Louvre Museum

“Captive” (“The Rebellious Slave“) by Michelangelo Buonarroti (approx. 1513)

The Rebellious Slave by Michelangelo Buonarroti in the Louvre Museum

Apart from the individual works of art, I very much enjoyed visiting Napoleon III Apartments from the 1st floor of Richelieu wing, in the Decorative Arts department. Especially the Grand Salon and the Dining Rooms caught my eyes with their opulent interiors and lavish stucco decorations.

Napoleon III Apartments Grand Salon in the Louvre – ceiling details

Napoleon III Apartments Grand Salon in the Louvre – furniture

Napoleon III Apartments Grand Salon in Louvre Museum

Napoleon III Apartments Dining Room in the Louvre – table

Napoleon III Apartments Dining Room in the Louvre

The Louvre is the most overwhelming museum I have ever been to, mostly due to the immensity of art works inside (in both quantity and quality), but also because everywhere you turn your head, there is something beautiful or spectacular to see. This includes floors and ceilings, which I adore.

Have you been to the Louvre? What are your top picks (if you can make yourself choose)?

Museum Freak II – Louvre Museum in Paris, France After a brief incursion in the mysteries of the Pergamon Museum in Berlin, the time has come to remember my visits to the most grandiose museum in the world: the Louvre!