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watermarginhk-blog · 8 years ago

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Thriving in The Orient

FICTION

Ever since their fall from grace into middle class, Mum’s temper had quickened and the tallies marking her lips had grown to outnumber the ones around her eyes. Wilhelmina had suggested some creams, but Mum was in denial.

“Ladies and Gentleman, welcome to Hong Kong,” says a man with a funny accent. “It is a safety requirement that you remain seated yada yada yada. Yada yada yada, on behalf of Captain Darryl and my team, thank you for flying Cathay Pacific and enjoy your stay in Hong Kong. Goodbye!”

Wilhelmina, or Willa as her friends back in Grimsby call her, has butterflies. As in she has literally hidden a jar of dead butterflies, cleverly wrapped in a scarf, in her bag. What if they stop her at customs?

She’ll probably breeze through. They eat turtles and frogs here for crying out loud.

Plus, she is wearing her rose quartz choker. Willa chants a long ooommmmm in her head and shivers as it reverberates through every chakra of her body. She smiles and bows to the flight attendant, who smiles back at her wearily. It had been a long flight.

* * *

Two months into her new position teaching English at a Youth College for disadvantaged youths in the New Territories and Willa is ready to hop on a plane to Bali. Or Laos. Or Vietnam. She has been dreaming of Angkor Wat since her best mate back home Constance Jane returned from her Asia trip eyes wide skin red and peeling like an apple under hot water. She’d told Willa about a tiger-breeding monk who had taken her under his wing for a day and opened her third eye during a short ceremony she couldn’t clearly recall.

The week after, Willa’s ex-boyfriend Colin, who graduated the year before with a 2:2 in English Literature, same as Willa, got back from his teaching job slash gap year in Hong Kong.

When he asked her out for coffee, she knew it was an omen. A symbol from the Creator that she should explore her options in Asia. Career-wise. The guys there were a bit on the short side for her liking, but her good friend Laura had written in her weekly newsletter that her Chinese boyfriend worshipped her like some kind of goddess, and especially loved her hair, which was blonde. She’d made a pact with herself after she and Colin’s mutual break up over Skype, anyway.

Willa thinks about asking Margaux, one of the other female NET teachers, about travelling together at the next Bank Holiday weekend. Margaux is French and has Rosemary’s Baby hair. At lunchtime, Willa goes downstairs to ask the quiet receptionist girl, whose name is either Vicky, Kathy or Fanny, where Margaux’s classroom is.

“Upstairs the second floor, Room 15,” says Vicky or Kathy or Fanny. “Thanks,” says Willa, and dutifully inclines her head.

“Margieee hiyaaaa!!! Want to grab a dim sum after work?” she asks, swinging from the doorway, a bit like Pocahontas from a tree.

Margaux whirls around. She’s wearing fluorescent orange eyeshadow today.

“Mais yes, sounds délicieux—but s’il vous plait never call me with that name again uh?” she rasps with a sophisticated wrinkle of the nose.

Willa’s cheeks itch and Margaux turns back to her monitor.

She was only trying to be friendly.

“Brilliant!!! Meet you there at six, Margaux!!!” she warbles and turning to leave, almost trips over a small child. Quiet as ghosts, these children. Like their parents are training them up as ninjas or something. Even more disturbing is when there’s thirty of them staring vacantly at the whiteboard after being asked a seemingly obvious question, like how to conjugate a verb to match plural nouns.

She is dreading next class. Maybe, if she’s lucky, the ring leader will have caught that nasty stomach bug that’s been going around. Maybe the back row girl gang won’t threaten her life today.

She had taken this job at the Youth College, despite it being farther out, because four days into her initial job at St. Margaret Teresa Catherine’s Royal Kindergarten, she'd realised she hated young children, actually, because they were annoying little cunts who snotted everywhere and never listened no matter how many times she shouted for them to sit down.

The older the better, she had mistakenly thought, but it seems Asian kids only have two settings. Dead loud or dead silent.

As soon as her last student fucks off out the door, Willa packs her bag, checks her lipstick and virtually flees the school. Today is one of those days she questions her very impulsive decision to move thousands of miles away from the comforts of home to a foreign country where barely anyone knows any English. Did these people learn nothing from the Brits?

* * *

There’s no queue outside Dim Sum Palace, which is not its real name, but it sounds good on her blog and the name stuck. It’s usually quiet at this time, which is confusing, because don’t Chinese people eat dinner too? She approaches the pinch-faced hostess and holds up two fingers. Leng gow, she mouths, meaning two people in Chinese. The hostess looks bemused and smiles at her as a mama bear would smile at a sweet little rabbit in the woods.

Twenty-two minutes late, Margaux shows up with Nina. And Marty. Of course.

Margaux undulates into one of the chairs at the next table, Nina and Marty either side of her. Seeing the p-d off look on Willa’s face, Margaux grins.

“Willa cherie don’t look so angry uh? The more the merrier non?”

She crooks her finger and Willa comes to sit.

They order the usual ha gow (shrimp dumplings), sew moy (pork dumplings), cha sow bow (roast pork buns), low pak gow (fried turnip cake). Marty insists on steamed chickens feet because he wants to “expand his horizons.”

“Your wife not doing it for you lately?” Willa asks.

“Well as you know Willa my wife just gave birth hey and look I hope this won’t put off your appetite guys but as you know guys I don’t do well with all this lady stuff right and when I come back in the room after her you know Scisserion right you know where they snip the belly open right because what with me being a Westerner and all the baby would’ve got stuck or something so they handed me the baby and I said guys I said no right I mean come on that thing came out of my wife’s……like it was covered in blood and piss and shit before they wiped it I mean what were they expecting me to do here right?”

Nina frowns at her tea.

“But Marty you are le papa de bébé non? Why don’t you want to ‘old ‘er?” Margaux asks.

Before he can spring to self-defend, steaming baskets of pungent dim sum appear on the lazy susan. Everyone deploys their chopsticks as best they can and the wait staff try not to laugh.

* * *

An hour later, Willa is home and scanning the fridge. She’s still hungry from dinner because actually, she finds Chinese food abhorrently bad, and Marty’s story about his wife’s placenta or whatever really did put her off her appetite. But she wants point 28 on her “Things You Should Know About China Before You Move” list to sound authentic. Readers can intuit lies, so she always does the things she writes about so she can’t be called out.

She settles on the Quinoa Egg and Baby Spinach Protein Boost Pot she bought from M&S last week. Definitely worth the $30 it cost for the thirty minute cab ride home.

“Willababes is that you? Could you grab a beer for me while you’re at it please?” shouts Colin from the living room.

Willa reaches for the last Kronenbourg. Behind it is a small velvet box. The kind they keep rings in. She drops the can and it explodes across the kitchen.

“Nevermind that, love. We’ll get the cleaner to mop it up tomorrow,” says Colin from behind her.

He’s down on one knee.

Willa squeals and throws herself onto him, knocking him over onto the wet floor. They lie kissing in the beer puddle until the doorbell chimes off-key Für Elise.

“Don’t you want to get that, babes?” asks Colin, nuzzling the bindi on her forehead.

Willa can hear giggling behind the door. She gets up to answer it, thankful that the Chinese prefer tiles to carpet.

“CONGRATULATIONS MRS COLLINSON!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!”

Constance Jane, Mum, Laura, Margaux, Nina and Marty are grinning ear to ear, waving streamers and blowing party horns.

Willa pulls out her phone and snaps a picture for her blog.

#FICTION

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musicmapglobal · 7 years ago

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Man as Pronoun: Patois, Grime and the New London English

Grime hasn’t just changed London’s musical landscape – it’s changing the English language. John Z. Komurki explores how…

For over ten years, an exciting new bit of grammar has been in use in parts of London: ‘man’ as a pronoun. Emblematic of “Multicultural London English” (MLE), it is a sort of hybrid function, quite alien in nature to conventional English. It can stand in for any of the usual pronouns so depending on context “man wasn’t there” could mean “I wasn’t there”, “you weren’t there”, “he wasn’t there”, etc.

It seems likely that the origin of ‘man’ in this new incarnation is Jamaican Patois1. There are several reasons to think this, not least that Patois is one of the main roots of MLE. As author Jeffrey Boakye puts it in his unmissable Hold Tight: Black Masculinity, Millennials & the Meaning of Grime (2017), “A whole generation of adolescents now speak a language that ties them to a black British heritage stemming from the Windrush diaspora.”2

There are a series of other similarities and overlaps. In Patois, ‘man’ can mean ��people in general’, and serve as an impersonal pronoun, as in: “People can’t fool me – Man kaan fuul me.”3 Then there is ‘mandem’, a word usually used as a noun, ‘the mandem’, referring to a group4, which by extension invokes or induces a sense of communal identity. It also serves as a generalised pronoun, as in “mandem knew”, “give it to mandem”, etc. Finally, there is Dreadtalk, the argot of the Rastafarians, in which the pronoun ‘I-and-I’ can stand for any of the others, although it is most common as a plural. Rasta linguistic philosophy as one of the many sources of contemporary London English.

MLE is no longer solely a London thing, however, having spread in recent years to various other parts of the UK. Nevertheless, it is probably a safe bet that most non-adolescent British people’s first contact with ‘man’ came via last year’s runaway musical sensation, the song ‘Man’s Not Hot’ by Big Shaq (aka Roadman Shaq). Shaq is an alter ego of comedian Michael Dapaah, who follows Ali G and People Just Do Nothing in using Patois-inflected London speech to parody wannabe-badmen. The song is about someone who does not feel hot under any circumstances. The man in question, however, is the speaker himself5, as the song makes clear:

The girl told me, “Take off your jacket.” I said, “Babes, man’s not hot.”

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Note that Michael Dappah is of Gambian heritage but speaks a heavily Jamaican-inflected English; even ‘roadman’ is Yardie terminology. This underlines another point of Boakye’s, that Grime music (the genre which ‘Man’s Not Hot’ both mocks and perfects) “is a point of reconciliation for otherwise disparate black identities.”6 In an analogous manner, MLE is a melting pot of diverse linguistic heritages.

Grime is an excellent place to see MLE in action. The two evolved alongside each other, and the music has played a role both in establishing and advancing MLE as a mode of speech in its own right. Mark Greif says of US hip-hop that “It communicates as language does, because essentially it is language, not just song.” Grime, like hip-hop, also plays a role in standardising that language, drawing its speakers closer together.

In that sense, grime do(ye)n Wiley’s autobiography Eskiboy (2017) is a snapshot of how MLE is spoken today. Doubly so, in that it is in fact more of an oral history, clearly a faithful transcription of the artist’s spoken words. As you might expect, it also provides us with a wealth of examples of ‘man’ in its different forms:

Meaning ‘I’ – “In 1998, 1999 garage came around… I didn’t go, man was into bashment.” – “I even did a track in Dutch for them. Man learned Dutch!”

Meaning ‘he’ – “Titch in the middle on a mad ting. Man was sweating, you get me.” – “I just want man to be free. If he hadn’t gone to jail, Crazy Titch would’ve blown up.” – “As soon as he turned up, everyone left the pool. Man was just chilling doing breaststroke on his own.”

Meaning ‘we’ – “Since ’99 man have had a great run…”

Meaning people in general – “Badman ting. When man just rush out and spray bars. Just mad.” – “It’s not even a bad-mind ting. Man run psyches on man. We’re not going to fight or nothing.” – “I work in a world where you’ve got man who just want to see you down.”

There are also multiple examples of ‘man’ functioning as something else, as in this case, where it seems to stand for ‘anybody/nobody’ – “They didn’t care about major labels, they don’t jump up for man, they weren’t gassed about anything.”

Or here, where it seems like it could equally stand for a plural noun – “I know a couple man who would have just let it go.”

One take-home from these examples is that ‘man’ goes further than slang typically does. Formally speaking, slang tends to work by substituting one word for another (‘butters’ for ‘ugly’, for example). ‘Man’ does something much more profound — it changes the underlying grammatical structure of English in order to make it express a different reality, one which ‘standard’ usage of the language perhaps fails to reflect.

‘Man’ suggests a different conception of social life, one according to which cultivating a tight-knit group of peers can be both a pleasure and a necessity. Skepta’s track ‘Man’ is the anthem7 of this existential reality. “I don’t know why man’s callin’ me family all of a sudden,” he opens, “Like hmm, my mum don’t know your mum / Stop telling man you’re my cousin.” Then the chorus:

Cause man get money with the gang Man get girls with the gang Man eat food with the gang Man talk slang so the feds Can’t work out what I just said to a man

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It is impossible to know, here, what ‘man’ stands for, whether ‘I’, ‘you’, ‘he’ or ‘we’. The truth is, of course, that it stands for all of them at the same time.

‘Man’ thus verbally enacts a logic of solidarity and identification. It expresses a more communal vision of social life than conventional British culture typically admits. The English language has often corresponded to an atomised, individualistic approach to things. To make it reflect their reality, speakers of MLE, like speakers of Cockney or Polari before them, do more than adopt an accent: they hotwire the grammar itself, making the language do things it wasn’t really built to do, like celebrate and foment a non-hierarchical model of sociability.

It is not every day that we have a chance to see a linguistic shift of this nature take place in real time. Language moves fastest at the margins.8 It is more porous there, and people speak it more innovatively, more playfully, less hindered by a sense of verbal propriety.9 The ‘standardised’ approach to the language, however, would rather you think of English as perfected and immutable, something you speak either well or less well.

In the UK, marginalised forms of English have not historically been given space — indeed, their speakers often could neither read nor write, and their voices and grammars have come down to us only through scattered folk songs, or the works of poets like John Clare. Grime too constitutes the voice of people who have been systemically excluded. The difference is that today the musical and cultural mainstream is taking notice. The increasing prevalence of ‘man’ and MLE generally is just one aspect of this cautiously heartening tendency.

John Z. Komurki lives in Berlin; he is currently writing a book about cassettes. komurki.eu

1. Interestingly, German has the pronoun ‘man’ which can likewise mean “one, someone, a person, you, they, or people”. So the new London ‘man’ could correspond to a latent possibility, a vestigial feature in the language.↩

2. P. 328↩

3. This example is from the excellent ‘Grammaticalisation in social context – The emergence of a new English pronoun’ by Jenny Cheshire, as far as I can tell the only academic study on the phenomenon. @ me for the PDF.↩

4. c.f. ‘la banda’ as it is used in contemporary Mexican Spanish.↩

5. Recently, on stage, Jeremy Corbyn was asked to recite the chorus of the song; he rendered it as “The man’s not hot.”↩

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6. P. 329↩

7. At the end of Episode 8 of The Pengest Munch, a hipster keeps on trying to take pictures of the Chicken Connoisseur, who just turns his back and quietly sings this song.↩

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8. “By making English the language mainly of uneducated people, the Norman conquest made it easier for grammatical changes to go forward unchecked.” Baugh and Cable – A History of the English Language (1978)↩

9. “My friend, the writer Steve Hanson, once told me his Lancashire high school classroom was ‘full of little Mark E Smiths’ evolving their own bizarre slang and tall tales. This collective propensity to daydream and experiment with language has a long working-class history. It’s an implicit challenge to the pressure of speaking ‘properly’ and settling into the drudgery of your expected role.” David Wilkinson – ‘Northern white crap that talks back’: The Fall’s Mark E Smith spoke for weird Manchester’, The Conversation. My thanks to the writer Martin Jackson for this reference, and to him and linguist Kate Riestenberg for their comments on earlier drafts of this piece.↩

#academic #Big Shaq #grime #Jeffrey Boakye #Jeremy Corbyn #language #london #Mark E. Smith #Michael Dapaah #patois #People Just Do Nothing #Rastafarianism #Skepta #Wiley

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asegbolu · 7 years ago

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FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018. Basic Five

ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: ENGLISH LANGUAGE NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… Section A: Comprehension Passage UNITY IS STRENGTH Udo and his four sons lived in a little village named Ikenze, all of them were good farmers. They had flock of sheep and a herd of cattle. Their house, though made of mud and thatch, was one of the best in the town. The family was rich and had plenty of food to eat. Udo, then seventy two years old, was unhappy because his sons were always quarrelling among themselves. One evening, he called them together and gave each a bundle of brooms to break. They tried in turn but were unable to do so. He then untied the bundle and asked them to break each rib one by one. This they did easily. United, we stand; divided, we fall, said Udo, you all now see the importance of unity. If you live in love and peace together, you will overcome any group of enemies or difficulties. But if you continue to quarrel and act singly, you may be easily hurt. The sons promised to do as he advised. They agreed to settle all future disputes peacefully. We have learnt the lesson at last, they said, that unity is strength. Pick the right answer from the options How did Udo and his sons earn their living? (a) from building houses (b) with a flock of sheep (c) from farming (d) with a herd of cattle What was their house made of? (a) A bundle of brooms (b) Mats and poles (c) Zinc and cement (d) mud and thatch Why was Udo not satisfied with his sons? (a) His sons quarreled among themselves (b) they lived in a little village (c) His sons were farmers (d) he was becoming very old With what did Udo teach his sons about unity? (a) A flock of sheep (b) A herd of cattle (c) A little village (d) A bundle of brooms How did the sons break the brooms (a) By snapping them in two (b) By snapping the ribs one by one (c) Be setting fire to them How could the sons overcome all enemies and difficulties? (a) By working hard to get much money (b) By quarrelling among themselves (c) By Living together peacefully (d) By acting singly, keeping together What important lesson did the sons learn? (a) That quarrelling is bed (b) That enemies were around (c) That they could not break the bundle (d) That unity is strength Section B: Grammar: Pick out the correct pronoun within the brackets in the following sentences (Me, I) saw our teacher last week. (He, Him) and (her, she) sing a song (Us, we) are richer than (they, them) Come here Peter, it is ____ (me, I) Change all singular into plurals The rabbit came out of the hole The woman took the sharp knife The child played in the school He opened my door with his key Pick out the collective nouns in the following sentences The team won the football match The family built two fine houses The town was disturbed by a fire The mob sang a war song He met a gang of robbers Section C: Literature The Two Sisters Who was the king of Zuma kingdom? ___________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Was King Bonta a weak and fearful king? ______________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ How many years did he rule as king? __________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ What are the names of his two daughters? ______________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ What kind of relationship do the two girls share? __________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________ Section D: Composition Write a letter to your uncle telling him to assist you to buy your school materials for this term. ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… Section A: _______________ are animals that are kept by men on the farm for their product or by products (a) Animal farm (b) farm animals (c) plant animals (d) domestic animals Farm animals are also refer to as (a) live animals (b) live stock (c) livestore (d) all of the above Land clearing and stumping are parts of processes involve in growing maize (a) false (b) true (c) none of the above (d) all of the above _______________ is the removal of big roots or stumps with pick axe. (a) ridge making (b) weeding (c) stumping (d) land clearing Millet and wheat are examples of _______ crops (a) tuber (b) vegetable (c) fruit (d) cereal _______________ involves rearing of farm animals in a proper way for good growth and production (a) animal bandry (b) animal husband (c) animal husbandry (d) animal farm Which of the following is not a requirement for livestock management (a) housing (b) feeding (c) famine (d) clean environment A person specially trained to take care of and treat farm animals is called ________ (a) doctor (b) vetermarian (c) veterinary (d) dentist The specific needs for young animals include the following except one (a) balanced meal (b) dirty environment (c) clean water (d) adequate medication Animals that feed on grass and have complex stomach are called _____ (a) non ruminant animals (b) ruminant animals (c) carnivorous animal (d) live stock ______ animals are known for producing milk diary animal (b) regular animals (c) production animals (d) good animals All are examples of diary animals except ____ (a) nanny goat (b) cow (c) sheep (d) ram All are importance of agriculture except ____ (a) provision of food for men providing job opportunities (c) providing shelter (d) selling of shoes All are examples of farm animals except ___ (a) goat (b) cow (c) lion (d) cock A young sheep is called ____ (a) lamb (b) kid (c) cat (d) goat A male cow is called ____ (a) bull (b) sheep (c) goat (d) Ewe ____ are unwanted plants growing where they are not wanted weed (b) crops (c) vegetables (d) feed Cow meat is called ____ (a) pork (b) beef (c) mutton (d) fish All the food gives protein except ______ (a) meat (b) beans (c) fish (d) pawpaw All are examples of carbohydrate except ____ (a) beans (b) rice (c) yam (d) corn Section B: Answer all questions Explain ruminant animals _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) What are diary animals _______________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Explain farm animals_________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Give three examples of farm animals (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ What are non ruminant animals _________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) Give three examples of non ruminant animals (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ What is agriculture __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Explain two importance of agriculture (a) ________________________________________________________________________ (b) _______________________________________________________________________ What is animal husbandry_____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Explain three requirements for raising farm animals (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: HOME ECONOMICS NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… Section A: The cooking of food in a pot with enough water is ________ frying (b) boiling (c) roasting (d) smoking When cooking beans, water should _____ the food (a) not cover (b) cover (c) fill (d) burst The cooking of food in an open pan of hot fat or oil over a fire is _____ frying (b) boiling (c) roasting (d) smoking To make bean cake, the beans should be soaked and then washed to remove the ____ back (b) nutrient (c) peel (d) skin Moimoi can be cooked by (a) frying (b) steaming (c) boiling (d) roasting Cooking of food with dry heat is known as ___ (a) boiling (b) frying (c) roasting (d) steaming Any edible solid or liquid substances that give us energy is ____ food (b) diet (c) nutrient (d) breakfast The diet that contains the classes of food in the right proportion is _____ super diet (b) balanced diet (c) normal diet (d) supplement Perishable foods easily ____ (a) cooks (b) get spoilt (c) finish (d) last long Spinach, tomatoes, potatoes are all ____ (a) leaf (b) plant (c) vegetable (d) roots Everything in the bathroom should be kept ____ always clear (b) disorganized (c) clean (d) dirty A place where food is prepared is the ____ (a) verandah (b) parlour (c) kitchen (d) store Visitor are hosted in the ____ (a) living room (b) passage (c) bedroom (d) kitchen We throw our dirts in the _____ (a) dustbin (b) ward robe (c) nylon (d) bag _____ agents are materials that we can use to clean items in the home (a) home (b) general (c) cleaning (d) soap An example of food that can be boiled is _____ (a) akara (b) puff puff (c) cake (d) rice Surfaces are the area surface opposite the ____ (a) ceiling (b) fan (c) door (d) house ____ are materials that we can use to cover the surfaces within the home (a) carpet (b) rug (c) floor covering (d) surfaces All are examples of perishable food, except ___ (a) mango (b) tomatoes (c) pepper (d) book Vegetable can be in form of _____ and _____ (a) root and leaves (b) tuber and grain (c) legume and cereal (d) fish and meat Section B: Answer all questions Give five examples of food that can be boiled (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ b.) Mention five foods that can be fried (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ List five materials that can be used to clean the home (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ b.) Mention three types of floor covering (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ Itemize five things that can be found in the kitchen (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ b.) Mention five materials that can be used to prepare homemade polish (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ Mention three foods that can be roasted (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ Explain the importance of floor covering _________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: CIVIC EDUCATION NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… Section A: ____________ is a physical structure with a roof, doors and windows (a) vehicle (b) house (c) village (d) structure A house built with muds and raffias as the roof is an example of __________ (a) modern house (b) completed house (c) traditional house (d) common house Which of the following is not part of governments main services to their people (a) maintenance of law and order (b) provision of social amenities (c) provision of ammunitions for the hoodlums (d) provision of jobs for people Quality of services provided by government to the people include, except bribery (b) accountability (c) transparency (d) openness _____________ is the process of building or erecting a house (a) construction (b) road construction (c) bridge construction (d) house construction Those ideas and beliefs which guides people's decisions and actions are called ____ (a) profits (b) values (c) politics (d) governments Which of the following is not a value in house construction (a) quality (b) laziness (c) skill (d) hardwork Leadership means (a) to lead in a race (b) to be the leader in a fighting competition (c) leaders of the ring (d) the office or position which directs and guides other people to do things The disadvantages of bad leadership include the following except _____ (a) loss of life and property (b) poor health (c) honesty (d) insecurity Disasters are of two types, they are (a) compound and component (b) street and forest (c) natural and unnatural (d) original and fake The following are causes of natural disasters except one (a) heavy rains (b) climate change (c) planting of trees (d) lack of rains Which of the following is not a right that citizens enjoy (a) right to life (b) freedom of movement (c) right to property (d) right to steal Payment of taxes and rates are duties and responsibilities of citizens (a) True (b) False (c) None of the above (d) all of the above ________ enables us to know and understand the activities of government and rights of citizens (a) civil servant (b) civic center (c) civic education (d) civic House The colour of Nigeria National flag is ______ (a) white, green, white (b) green, green, white (c) green, white, green (d) white, green, green Consequences of disloyalty include the following except _____ (a) corruption (b) failure (c) success (d) external enemies One of the following is not an evidence of loyalty Respect (b) arrogance (c) obedience (d) good representation The president of the Federal Republic of Nigeria is ____ (a) President Mohammadu Buhari (b) President Goodluck Jonathan (c) President Steven Ebere (d) President Ibrahim Babangida ________ is the executive governor of Lagos State (a) His Excellency Akinwunmi Ambode (b) His Excellency Bola Ahmed Tinubu (c) His Excellency Raji Fashola (d) His Excellency Stephen Ebere The green colour of Nigeria National Flag stands for ______ (a) agriculture (b) peace (c) food (d) grass Section B: Answer all questions Define a house _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) Mention three types of houses (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ Explain any three government main services (a) _______________________________________________________________________ (b) _______________________________________________________________________ (c) _______________________________________________________________________ b.) State two qualities of government services (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ Who is a leader? ____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) Mention three disadvantages of bad leadership (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ Explain the meaning of disaster ________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) Explain the causes of disaster __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Explain the meaning of civic education ___________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) Give three reasons why we study civic education (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: VOCATIONAL APTITUDE NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… Section A: ___________ is the ability and willingness to develop, organize and manage a business venture with all the risks involved in order to make profit (a) manager (b) entrepreneurship (c) entertainer (d) entrepreneur Which of the following is not a quality of an entrepreneur (a) passion (b) discipline (c) laziness (d) determination The craft of making things out of metal in a skillful manner is called ____ (a) wood work (b) aluminium work (c) paper work (d) metal work The place where blacksmith work is called ______ (a) surge (b) studio (c) forge (d) shop The scientific study of the structure and properties of metal and their uses is known as (a) casting (b) metallurgy (c) carbonation (d) welding The act of cleaning with water and other washing agents such as soap or detergent is called_____ (a) laundry (b) soaking (c) sun cleaning (d) washer ___________ is a place where self-service laundry takes place (a) laundry (b) launder (c) laundromart (d) workshop Which of the following tools is not used in Laundry cleaning (a) stain remover (b) bleach (c) menijack (d) drying rack The art of carving or engraving a hard material so as to produce designs, figures or shapes is called _____ (a) sculpture (b) sculptor (c) modeling (d) marblework Carving, modeling, casting and assembling are categories on which sculpture is based on (a) false (b) true (c) none of the above (d) all of the above Someone who caters or provides food services for an event or customer is called ____ (a) servant (b) buffet (c) caterer (d) catering In a restaurant the list of dishes available is known as ____ (a) meal book (b) dishes book (c) menu (d) food The qualities of an entrepreneur that requires one not to give up on the business, no matter the situation is called ____ (a) passion (b) elf starter (c) creativity (d) determination Someone who cooks professionally especially in a restaurant is called ____ (a) food seller (b) chef (c) caterer (d) cooker The following machines are used in palm oil processing except _____ (a) digester (b) oil filter (c) incubator (d) palm nut cracker _____ is a tropical fruit with large shell (a) coconut (b) potato (c) calabash (d) watermelon What among the following is calabash not used for? (a) plates (b) shoes (c) musical instruments (d) jugs Another name for tailoring is called ____ fashion cloth (b) fashion designing (c) sewing (d) wearing A fashion designer make use of the following materials to sew except _____ Needle (b) thread (c) sewing machine (d) book Teaching is a profession (a) true (b) false (c) none (d) all of the above Section B Who is a caterer? ___________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) Outline any three tools used by a caterer (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ What is entrepreneurship? _____________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) State any three qualities of an entrepreneur (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ Explain what you understand by metal work ______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) What is metallurgy __________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Who is a drycleaner? _________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) Mention three materials used by a dry cleaner (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ Who is a chef? ______________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ b.) List three items used by a chef (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: VERBAL REASONING NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… Underline the correct answer from the option provided House is to men as nest is to ______ (a) pig (b) goat (c) bird (d) girl One is to single as two is to ______ (a) double (b) triple (c) quadriple (d) tuple _______ is to hand as toe is to foot (a) fingers (b) arm (c) leg (d) hip Sheep is to lamb as goat is to _____ (a) baby (b) kid (c) piglet (d) babygoat Tongue is to taste, ear is to ____ (a) hear (b) eat (c) smell (d) talk Underline the synonyms of the word in capital letters FRANK (a) happy (b) greedy (c) angry (d) sincere NARRATE (a) report (b) tell (c) argue (d) speak FAMOUS (a) eminent (b) wicked (c) popular (d) cheerful ENORMOUS (a) happiness (b) goodness (c) big (d) small DELICIOUS (a) bitter (b) sweet (c) sour (d) good Underline the word that does not belong to the group (a) well (b) mountain (c) river (d) tap (a) bell (b) bicycle (c) long (d) taxi (a) Yoruba (b) hausa (c) igbo (d) lagos Write the word which will continue the series Big; bigger; late; later; blend; _____________________ Carefull; full; narrow; row import; ___________________ Packet; pat; fact; fat; halt; ____________________ Choose the correct spellings (a) truly (b) truely (c) truelly (d) troully (a) handkerchief (b) handkachief (c) handcachief (d) hankerchief (a) hipotamus (b) hippopotamus (c) hippotamus (d) hipopotamus (a) television (b) televition (c) televesion (d) televetion Pick out the group name from the following Teaching, nursing, engineering, barbing ______________ (a) work (b) occupation (c) sick (d) experience Water, juice, wine, kerosene, __________ (a) gas (b) water (c) liquid (d) crude oil Re-arrange these letters to form the correct word duolc (a) clean (b) lean (c) clear (d) cloud neewteb (a) bewteb (b) between (c) wnebteeb (d) betwnee lettab (a) tablet (b) lettab (c) ablette (d) lettleba visiontele (a) television (b) telesionvi (c) visiontele (d) letevision compteru (a) computer (b) putercom (c) comterpu (d) putcomer chertea (a) cheaeter (b) teacher (c) chereat (d) acherte dicamel (a) medical (b) medictate (c) mental (d) Methodist ment treat (a) treatment (b) mentteat (c) treating (d) detriment ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: SOCIAL STUDIES NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… The total way of life of people is ______ (a) culture (b) family (c) institution (d) friend The process whereby a lady runs away with a man with the intention to marry without the parent's consent is ____ (a) wife inheritance (b) wife swapping (c) elopement (d) divorce The group of people whose members are related by blood, marriage or adoption is called ___ (a) family (b) relative (c) marriage (d) friends The following are examples of diseases that can be passed on through sexual intercourse except ____ (a) Malaria (b) Gonorhea (c) HIV (d) Herpes How many types of marriage do we have (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 The UN is also known as _____ (a) United Nigeria (b) United Nations (c) University of Nigeria (d) Universal Northerners One of the responsibilities of parents is to _____ (a) steal (b) kill (c) abuse someone (d) pay our school fees A state of being a parent is _____ (a) parenthood (b) president (c) marriage (d) love The governor of Lagos State is _____ (a) Mr. Babatunde Raji Fashola (b) His Excellency Akinwunmi Ambode (c) His Excellency Muhammad Buhari (d) Sen. Bola Ahmed Tinubu Foreign policies are meant to _____ a country's economic interest Promote (b) destroy (c) pretend (d) neglect How many states do have in Nigeria? (a) 40 (b) 28 (c) 36 (d) 37 Nigeria got her independence in the year ___ (a) 1963 (b) 1962 (c) 1906 (d) 1960 All are aspects of culture except ____ (a) food (b) language (c) dressing (d) fighting _____ is important because it is through it family is raised (a) marriage (b) marry (c) custom (d) time HIV leads to ______ (a) gonorrhea (b) AIDS (c) Herpes (d) hepatitis In polygamous marriage, the man is allowed to marry ____ wife (a) one (b) three (c) as many as he can (d) four One essential service provided by the government for the people include the following except ____ (a) schools (b) employment (c) biro (d) radio service The capital of Edo State is _____ (a) Yenogoa (b) Benin (c) Delta (d) Kano In one of the planets, the ___ is where human beings live (a) sun (b) moon (c) earth (d) star A place where people meet to buy and sell goods is a__ (a) mall (b) shop (c) store (d) market Section B Explain the meaning of a responsible parent_______________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) List out three things responsible parents should do for their children (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ Mention three services provided by the government (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ b.) Give two reasons why government fails to provide some of the services ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Mention three languages spoken in Nigeria (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ b.) Complete this Religion Place of worship Book of worship Islam __________________________ _______________________ Christianity __________________________ _______________________ Write five state in Nigeria (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ b.) ECOWAS stands for _________________________________________________________ Explain the meaning of culture _________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) List out five aspects of culture you know (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: BASIC SCIENCE NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… _______ are substances that are capable of contaminating the environments (a) pollution (b) fossils (c) pollutants (d) hazards The common cause of land pollution is _____ (a) oil (b) refuse (c) faeces (d) water The washing away and carrying off of the top soil on the surface of the earth by water and wind is ______ (a) whirlwind (b) erosion (c) sun (d) moon _______ means making the environment unsafe for plants and animals (a) solid (b) liquid (c) gas (d) pollution The process of treating waste materials and substances with the purpose of using them again is called _______ (a) metal (b) management (c) recycling (d) soil The gaseous portion of the earth is the ______ (a) atmosphere (b) lithosphere (c) barosphere (d) hydrosphere There are _________ sense organs in the human body (a) 2 (b) 3 (c) 4 (d) 5 Indiscriminate waste dumping can cause _____ (a) air pollution (b) land pollution (c) noise pollution (d) heat pollution The main causes of erosion are (a) water and wind (b) sun and moon (c) star and rain (d) whirlwind and wind The organ for sight is the ____ (a) ear (b) light (c) eye (d) tongue The framework of bones in the body is called _____ (a) skeletal system (b) bone system (c) femur (d) tibia and fibula A place where two or more bones meat is called ___ (a) block (b) fuse (c) joint (d) electric Environmental ______________ is all about maintaining balance between human activities and the environment (a) sanitation (b) cleanliness (c) quality (d) dirty ______________ are hard inorganic substances formed by heat or pressure in the earth or by the action of water (a) river (b) mountain (c) rocks (d) valley How many types of erosion do we have? (a) 2 (b) 5 (c) 4 (d) 6 The animals that feed on m eat or flesh are called ____ Carnivores (b) herbivores (c) omnivores (d) vampires The parts of the body that can be used for movement is the_______________ (a) eyes (b) legs (c) hands (d) nose We use _______ to measure our temperature (a) thermometer (b) ruler (c) rainguage (d) barometer The organ for thirst is _____ (a) eye (b) tongue (c) skin (d) nose The organ for feeding is ____ (a) skin (b) tongue (c) nose (d) mouth Section B 1.) Explain erosion _____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) Mention the types of erosion you know (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ 2.) Explain recycling ____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ b.) List out four things we can recycle (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ 3.) Explain domestic animal _______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ b.) List the two classifications of domestic animals (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ 4.) Explain environmental quality ___________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ b.) Mention five materials that can be used to keep the environment clean (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ 5.) What is pollution _____________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ b.) Mention the types of pollution (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: CREATIVE ART NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… What is fine art?_____________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Mention the three types of colours you know (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ Art is divided into two, name it _______________________ and ______________________ The Nigerian flag has how many colour __________________________________ What is still life drawing?______________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ List five materials used for drawing an object (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ What is life drawing?_________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ In one sentences explain the difference between still life drawing and life drawing __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ Is art a profession or a vacation _________________________________________________ What are the colours of your school uniform?_____________________________________ Section B: Draw a butterfly and colour it. Draw a table and a chair ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: BIBLE KNOWLEDGE NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… Who was delivered from the Den of lions? (a) Shedrack (b) Meshach (c) Abednego (d) Daniel God provided _____ and _______ for the Israelites in the desert (a) bread and butter manna and quails (c) manual and quays (d) bread and fishes Jesus died on the cross with two ___ beside him (a) lawyer (b) thieves (c) friends (d) brothers The Egyptians and their chariots perished in the _____ sea (a) blue (b) red (c) green (d) white The only means through which we can talk to God is through _____ (a) praises (b) prayer (c) providing (d) singing Jesus had twelve ________ (a) soldiers (b) bankers (c) disciples (d) workers What did God create on the first day (a) heaven and earth (b) day and night (c) trees and gardens (d) men and women Who did God create in His own image (a) men (b) angel (c) prophet (d) sun One the second day, God created the _____ (a) moon (b) sea (c) animals (d) sky One of the following is not created by God (a) sun (b) moon (c) house (d) water The Sabbath day is meant to be kept ____ (a) Holy (b) dirty (c) ungrateful (d) shallow God created and also wants us to _____ (a) create (b) destroy (c) push (d) pull down Who did David kill with a sting of a stone (a) Daniel (b) Saul (c) goliath (d) Jonathan The story of the prodigal son is an example of God's _____ (a) mercy (b) sadness (c) happiness (d) wickedness Who did God save from death? (a) Isaac (b) Mary (c) Abraham (d) Jacob The covenant son of Abraham was ____ (a) Esau (b) Jacob (c) Isaac (d) Job God created man on the _____ day (a) first (b) second (c) sixth (d) seventh The Christians worship in the ____ (a) church (b) Mosque (c) Traditional house (d) village ______ is the Holy book the Christians believe in (a) Holy Book (b) Holy Quran (c) Novels (d) Textbook God used __________ to deliver the Israelites (a) David (b) Goliath (c) Moses (d) John Section B Mention five things that are created by God (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ b.) Mention five things created by men (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ (e) ________________________________ Explain the creation of God from the first day to the seventh day __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ God delivers _____________, _____________ and _____________ from the furnace of fire. b.) God saved ___________________________ from been use as a sacrifice. Mention four disciples of Jesus Christ (a) ________________________________ (b) ________________________________ (c) ________________________________ (d) ________________________________ b.) _______________________ disciples betrayed Jesus Christ Who is a prodigal son? ________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ b.) Is it good to be prodigal? (a) True (b) False ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… Objective Test: Choose the correct answer Write 16007 in words (a) sixty thousand, zero hundred and seven (b) six thousand, hundred zero and seven (c) sixteen thousand and seven (d) six hundred and seven Write three million one hundred and six thousand and seventy four (a) 3006074 (b) 3106075 (c) 3106074 (d) 310674 Fill the gaps 19723, 19823, 19923, ________, ________ (a) 20023, 20123 (b) 2023, 2123 (c) 2000123, 20123 (d) 20923, 21123 What is 1589 in roman figure? (a) DMXLXIX (b) MDLXXXIX (c) DDDLXDIX (d) DDLXDIX Express the sum of CXL + XLI in figure (a) 181 (b) 191 (c) 201 (d) 211 What is the place value of 6 in 19763201 (a) hundreds of thousand (b) tens of thousand (c) unit of thousand (d) million of thousand Change 0.4 to a fraction in its lowest term (a) 0.4/1 (b) 40/10 (c) 2/5 (d) 40/100 Change 0.02 to percentage (a) 20% (b) 200% (c) 2000% (d) 2% Express 25k as a ratio of N2 (a) 4:5 (b) 4:10 (c) 2:5 (d) 1:8 The H.C.F. of 25 and 35 is (a) 7 (b) 10 (c) 3 (d) 5 Calculate the L.C.M of 12 and 15 (a) 36 (b) 60 (c) 24 (d) 18 If x/5 = 15, what is the value of x? (a) 80 (b) 75 (c) 45 (d) 30 37/10 + 22/4 = (a) 18/10 (b) 11/4 (c) 15/40 (d) 11/5 Solve 62 + 52 - 42 = (a) 50 (b) 45 (c) 55 (d) 60 What is the square root of 16? (a) 10 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 9 What is the first 5 multiples of 10? (a) 100 (b) 60 (c) 50 (d) 90 Add the prime numbers between 1 to 20 (a) 100 (b) 101 (c) 110 (d) 120 Ade and Simbi share 50 oranges in the ratio of 2:3. What is Simbi's share? (a) 20 (b) 30 (c) 40 (d) 50 Express 625 as a fraction of 1000 in its lowest term (a) 5/8 (b) 6/8 (c) 7/8 (d) 8/9 Express 37½ % as a fraction (a) 3/8 (b) 4/8 (c) 5/8 (d) 6/8 Section B Express 24minutes as a fraction of 2 ½ hours b.) Express 7/8 as a decimal Solve 72 + 52 = 2 b.) Tunde and Tolu share 100 mangoes in the ratio of 2:3. What is Tunde's share? What is the H.C.F of 18, 20 and 40 b.) Find the L.C.M of 10, 20 and 30 What are the factors of 45? b.) Sum the square root of 144 and 200 A bottle of wine cost N120.00. How many bottles can one buy with N1200.00. b.) Simplify 5½ - 21/3 ISLAND BUILDERS BAPTIST SCHOOL (NURSERY & PRIMARY) 1A, MOBOLAJI BANK-ANTHONY STREET, LAGOS. FIRST TERM EXAMINATION 2017/2018 CLASS: PRIMARY 5 SUBJECT: QUANTITATIVE REASONING NAME:…………………………………………………………………………………… Answer all questions Samples: 1.) (2.) (3.) 4.) (5.) If 7 days make a week, how many days are there in 10 weeks? _______________ If TEMPERATURE is coded 93463819283, use it to answer the following questions What is EM/U? What is the value of TURE as coded ________________________ What is TE multiply by E? __________________ What is the sum of R and E? Samples 14 Λ 5 Λ 8 = 27 20 V 3 V 7 = 10 34 Λ 15 V 19 = 30 11.) 25 Λ 11 Λ 13 = (13.) 120 V V 35 = 60 12.) 60 V 21 V 10 = (14.) 27 Λ 32 Λ 15 = Further addition, subtraction and multiplication Samples: 15.) (16.) (17.) Samples 18.) (19.) 20.) Samples: 21.) (24.) 22.) (25.) 23.) (26.) Samples: 27.) (28.) (29.) (30.) via Blogger http://ift.tt/2Am47QK

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