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coochiequeens · 6 months

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Yes it's form a conservative source. But it's one of the few articles that doesn't focus on reproductive purchasers who felt entitled to a child.

by Emma Waters, @EMLWATERS

Olivia Maurel was 30 years old when an ancestry DNA test confirmed what she had known all along: she is the product of a costly commercial surrogacy contract. In Olivia’s case, the woman that her parents paid to gestate and birth Olivia is also her biological mother.

In a recent article with Daily Mail, Olivia shared how “becoming a parent myself — entirely naturally, in my mid-20s — has only crystallized my view. The sacred bond between mother and baby is, I feel, something that should never be tampered with.” After going viral for her testimony before the parliament of the Czech Republic, Olivia now campaigns for the universal abolition of surrogacy.

In the United States, only three states prohibit or do not enforce commercial surrogacy contracts. One of the states, Michigan, is poised to overturn their ban on surrogacy-for-pay through a nine-bill “Access to Fertility Healthcare Package.” Legislators are tying their efforts to the national conversation on in vitro fertilization in hopes of garnering additional support. I detail the concerns with this legislation in detail here, but suffice it to say it undermines motherhood by reducing the intimate relationship between a woman and the child she carries to a highly-lucrative rental agreement.

Several well-respected researchers and pundits claim that surrogacy does not harm children. Yet we know very little about its long-term impact on a child’s psychological well-being.

Most of those who assert that surrogacy is psychologically harmless rely on a longitudinal study by Susan Golombok, Professor Emerita of Family Research, and former Director of the Centre for Family Research at the University of Cambridge. She is the author of We Are Family (2020), a synthesis of 40 years of research on non-traditional family structures—same-sex, single parent by choice, and the use of all forms of assisted reproductive technology, including third-party conception. She concludes that such arrangements pose no additional harm and can benefit children.

Professor Golombok’s “Families Created Through Surrogacy” study began in 2003 and assessed parental and child psychological adjustment at ages 1, 2, 3, 7, 10, and 14. The impact of this single longitudinal study on both public opinion and policy cannot be overstated. To date, it is the only study that specifically examines the surrogate-born child’s psychological adjustment, as well as the only study to do so over an extended period. It is also the only research on child psychological well-being that policymakers in New York used to argue for the legalization of commercial surrogacy.

Professor Golombok’s sample of surrogacy families comes from the General Register Office of the United Kingdom for National Statistics (ONS) and from the UK’s “Childlessness Overcome Through Surrogacy” (COTS) agency. The original sample included 42 surrogate-born children but declined to a mere 28 children by age 14. The study relied on a group of families formed through egg donation and children born of natural conception to serve as the comparison groups.

With such a small sample size, and some families participating inconsistently year-to-year, the study itself runs the risk of selection bias and non-representative outcomes. The study lumps both children born through gestational surrogacy and traditional surrogacy together, too. This means some surrogates are both the genetic mother and the child's gestational mother.

Additionally, only altruistic surrogacy is legal in the UK, so these arrangements do not involve surrogates who legally receive an additional sum of money, beyond generous reimbursements. For context, surrogacy-for-pay brings in an additional $25,000 to $70,000 in the United States, which may affect how a child views his or her conception, gestation, and birth.

In each study, the scholars rely on the mother’s own assessment of the child’s well-being. It is not until age 14 when scholars begin to directly ask children questions to assess their self-esteem.

Overall, Professor Golombok concludes that children born from surrogacy agreements of any sort do as well, if not better, psychologically than their natural-born peers.

For ages 1, 2, and 3, Professor Golombok finds that parents in surrogacy families showed “greater warmth and attachment-related behavior” than natural-conception parents. One explanation for this, as Professor Golombok’s notes, is that “parents of children born in this way [may] make a greater attempt than parents of naturally conceived children to present their families in the best possible light.” Such a bias seems likely, given that parents may feel the subconscious desire to justify their uncommon path to parenthood.

By age 7, both surrogate-born children and donor-conceived children in the control group were doing noticeably worse than their natural-born counterparts. This is the point when many children learned of their biological or gestational origins. The scholars note that this corresponds with adoption literature as the period in a child’s life when they begin to comprehend the loss of one or both biological parents. What goes unnoted, however, is that unlike adoption, surrogacy is the intentional creation of a child for the express purpose of removing the child from his or her gestational and/or biological parent(s).

Beginning at age 10, scholars report that the child’s psychological adjustment returns to a relatively normal state compared to the natural-born children, but the study itself reports little data compared to previous papers. By age 14, when the study concludes, the remaining 28 children seem to fare about the same as natural-born children, despite slightly more psychological problems reported.

Despite these methodological limitations, Professor Golombok’s data from this longitudinal study remains the basis of child psychological adjustment research on surrogacy. Examples of this may be found in prominent pieces such as Vanessa Brown Calder's review of surrogacy at the Cato Institute or Cremieux Recueil's widely shared Substack with Aporia Magazine. Their conclusions that surrogacy confers “no harm” to the psychological well-being of the child are premature, to say the least.

In Calder’s article, she cites three studies in her discussion on the psychological well-being of surrogate-born children. A quick review of each study shows that these authors rely solely on Professor Golombok’s longitudinal study data to draw their conclusions.

In Recueil’s Substack, "Surrogacy: Looking for Harm," he primarily relies on Golombok’s work to claim that “psychological harm appears to be minimal.” Again, this statement is premature and formed on limited data primarily from her longitudinal study. The other five citations in the “Psychological Outcomes for Kids” section tell us little about the psychological well-being of surrogate-born children.

Recueil twice cites “Are the Children Alright? A Systematic Review of Psychological Adjustment of Children Conceived by Assisted Reproductive Technologies,” from 2022. Of the 11 studies that examine the intersection between surrogacy and child psychological outcomes, they fall into three categories:

the longitudinal study by Professor Golombok

child outcomes compared with other children born from assisted reproductive technology, not compared with natural-born children

studies that examine the impact of non-traditional parenting types, such as lesbian mothers or gay fathers, on the well-being of the child. The impact of surrogacy is not directly assessed; it is simply mentioned as a requirement for male-to-male family formation. Of these three categories, the only studies that directly address the claims that Recueil makes are the research of Professor Golombok, which he already cited before these additional studies.

Hence, the widespread claim that surrogacy does not harm the psychological well-being of children primarily relies on a single longitudinal study of 42-to-28 surrogate-born children by the intended mother’s own assessment. That’s it.

This isn’t to say we should discard Professor Golombok’s study. But honest scholars and lawmakers should be far more modest in claiming that surrogacy does not harm the psychological well-being of children.

The most accurate conclusion regarding the psychological adjustment of surrogate-born children is that we do not have enough data to draw a conclusion either way, especially not in favor of surrogacy itself. When the well-being of children is at stake, lawmakers and researchers should employ the utmost scrutiny before advocating for any form of childbearing.

Children rightly desire to please their parents, and there are few conversations more complicated than questioning the method one’s parents chose to bring one into the world. There is reason to believe that many surrogate-born children will not have the emotional or mental maturity to understand their conception and gestation until they are much older.

There is a huge difference between no harm and no known harm. Regardless of one’s stance on surrogacy, we should be able to agree that we need more data and reporting requirements to enable researchers to assess the impact of surrogacy contracts on the well-being of children. In my view, a single six-part longitudinal study does not justify this practice.

Emma Waters is a Senior Research Associate for the Richard and Helen DeVos Center for Life, Religion and Family at The Heritage Foundation.

#Anti surrogacy sunday #Surrogacy exploits women #Babies are not commodities #Surrogacy is human trafficking #michigan #Access to Fertility Healthcare Package #General Register Office of the United Kingdom for National Statistics (ONS)#Childlessness Overcome Through Surrogacy” (COTS)#Surrogacy is the intentional creation of a child for the express purpose of removing the child from his or her gestational and/or biologica #Small sample size for a study #The results are based on answers given by a biased parent #We need more studies before experts can say weather or not surrogacy impacts children #There is a huge difference between no harm and no known harm

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cowvboyenema · 6 months

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is the doctor house where the doctors go to sleep at the end of the day?

maybe the real doctor house was the gay guy we committed medical malpractice with along the way

#the place doctors go to sleep at the end of the day is the cots #theyre kind of small and suck

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milesplayshu · 8 months

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Live with the new Devolver Digital game's demo, Children of The Sun

twitch_live

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nerdie-faerie · 1 year

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Was tryna say goodbye to my siblings before going back to uni but I couldn't find my littlest brother - who has a tendency to put himself in weird places then fall asleep - turns out this time he'd folded himself into the futon and fallen asleep

#Demon Spawn #hes always doing this it was so bizarre and stressful when he was little the gate to his room would be shut so logically theres nowhere #else he could be and yet he couldnt be seen anywhere and wouldnt respond like a fcked up magic trick and it would turn out that hed #crawled under his cot and fallen asleep but he cant get under his bed anymore and he wasnt on the floor so i was baffled #but they have this lil foam sofa that unfolds into a bed but can be partially unfolded to make a cube and thats where he was curled up #inside the futon that was chucked on too of their pile of toys so i was certain he couldnt be there but i underestimated the childs urge #to get into small spaces. my middle brother used to constantly wedge himself in small spaces to hide but hed never get to jump out and #scare people cus hed always realise he was stuck before anyone could find him and start screaming so much of him being lil was just tryna #find him after he got himself stuck somewhere youre tryna follow the shouting but hes hidden really well and really stupidly and he was #too lil to explain properly didnt stop him from wedging himself in places but at least he didnt fall asleep like that so he could actually #answer you unlike the littlest one

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ghosts-and-blue-sweaters · 1 year

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This is like the first time I’ve slept on an actual bed in months.

#qjsgakshkahsi #THING IS #right?#thing is my family has moved into my nana’s house until we found a house of our own #and there’s not exactly enough beds #so I sleep on a COT 👍#it’s actually not that bad! fairly comfy #but like #it’s not a bed alshakshsoh #BUT NOW #I AM IN #HOTEL!!!#HOTEL BED!!!#OOOOOH YES YES #comfy :D #my post #the small road trip of ‘23 #*until we find

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theicewingbeannamedowlet · 1 year

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The dragon of many disguises

lore the tall sandwing carefully landed on the sand, soft seashore sand was something that would always be something different from the dry hard sand in the desert and the dragonet within the egg he was holding would life on this soft sand, his soft gaze landed on the yellowish green hybrid egg hed been carrying through the storm, this island was right in enemy territory and he scowled, but this was to protect his son. Sandstone looked around and found that hed been first to arrive, he soon placed the large basket down on the sand, enough space to fit five or six eggs, he hoped the dragonet would get along with the others before he heard two dragons arrive and his gaze landed on a nightwing, Clear'vision, and a pink icewing, why pink? "you came in time" spoke the nightwing, holding an egg aswell, "im always on time, as you know. Everything in the stronghold is up and running and i was able to sleeze myself some freetime for a few days. Before i give you this egg i have a request for you" Sandstone spoke, Clear'vision and the pink icewing looked to eachother and nodded, "what is what you want?" the icewing spoke. "that the hatchling will be named Coconut, his mother wouldve named him that". "i will inform the guardians of the name choice"

base by K9pestilence (DeviantArt) Characters Coconut: a odd hybrid dragon with the temperment of a saint suprisingly, hed inherit his personality from his father who he keeps in high regard for doing a dangerous job. He was gifted with the greatest leafspeak that spreads a whole continent, unfortunately this is an enchantment by unknown means. His firebreath is natural. He stays in his disquise most of the day as he still is vary of hybrid haters

((base by Talia8pie, edits by me, some acsessories by smoneone i dont remember their name)) - - Sandstone: coldgazed warrior with a instict of a true fighter. He is a man of his words and very manipulative, luckily to many this skill has been used to royalty that soon died after (i.e: Burn), he is great at keeping himself hidden and always on time, but suprisinly loud

(base by K9 from deviantart, edits by me)

#sandwing #sandwing oc #disguise #wings of fire #wof oc #wof #wings of fire oc #sandwing hybrid #leafwing hybrid #not me being annoyed at reality #enchanted items #basefill #small bits of lore #children of trickery #cot #cot au #dod au #wof au

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terrasu · 2 years

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also like why the fuck do living rooms exist?

#It's just extra space you're paying for #I need a small bedroom big enough for a bed/cot #a place to put a table to eat and work at #a shower.#a microwave #that;s it #two rooms.#the table can even be over the bed to save space #probably would be pay an arm and a leg and struggle with rent for it #personal

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medikabazaar · 10 days

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Medical Equipment Supplier in UAE

Medikabazaar is a trusted medical equipment supplier UAE, renowned for its focus on quality and reliability. They offer a wide range of products sourced from reputable manufacturers, ensuring top-notch quality. Their commitment to customer satisfaction is evident through competitive pricing and exceptional service, making them a preferred choice for healthcare facilities across the country. Whether you need advanced imaging devices or surgical instruments, Medikabazaar is your go-to supplier for all medical equipment needs in the UAE.

For more details,Visit: https://www.medikabazaar.ae/products/tynor-finger-cot-mbpgynnnrpopir11303

#tynor finger cot small

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two-bit-socrates · 2 months

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You may be cool but are you 'can't find the cap to your ointment the you put down half a second ago' cool?

#Neuro D shit #Anyway it's nap time #This foot better not be infected just because my cats wanna parkour #My cot needs a box at the end to cover my feet #Also Aabria can sit on the box and stare at me while I sleep like she enjoys #There's a small dresser by my cot but it hold cpaps and an old bastard cat who doesn't share spaces

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fairy-angel222 · 4 months

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𝐏𝐞𝐫𝐯! 𝐆𝐨𝐣𝐨 𝐒𝐚𝐭𝐨𝐫𝐮 𝐰𝐡𝐨 𝐟𝐢𝐧𝐚𝐥𝐥𝐲 𝐠𝐞𝐭𝐬 𝐭𝐨 𝐟𝐮𝐜𝐤 𝐡𝐢𝐬 𝐫𝐨𝐨𝐦𝐦𝐚𝐭𝐞 ⋆𐙚₊˚⊹♡

He’s been stealing your panties since the week he met you. Collecting them in different pretty colors and fabrics. Using them to jerk off every night with the groan of your name. Stuffing them under his nose or using them to stroke his cock, either way had him cumming to the thought of you all the same.

He takes your stuff and holds them over your head. Watching your tits bounce as you whined and struggled to reach. Smirking widely as he teased, “if you want it back so bad then kiss me.” Blood rushing to his cock when you actually get on your tip toes to kiss him shortly, forcing your lips to stay on his when you try to pull away.

Who pretends to be asleep until he hears your soft moans at one in the morning. Quietly cracking open your door to watch you touch yourself, his hard cock already in hand as you moaned and mewled so fucking prettily. Stroking at the pace of your desperately working fingers till you two orgasm at the same time.

Who ‘accidentally’ sends you a video of him lazily jerking off on his bed, his lip in between his teeth and his other hand behind his head as he looks directly into the camera. The message coming through followed by a small “oops, sorry sweetheart, wrong person”

Who starts getting bolder and bolder even after you suspect him of being the reason for your missing underwear. Leaving slight yet noticeable touches to your ass and boobs whenever he had the chance. Always laughing it off and joking about how soft you were and about how perfectly your tits fit in his hand.

Who calls you up to his room when he’s about to cum, his lips parting in heavy breaths as you walked in clad in your short pajama set. Your eyes widening as he fisted his length, eyes meeting yours with a loud groan as he spilled onto his hand. “Shit, can you grab me that box of tissue?” Letting out heavy breaths with a dark grin.

Who starts walking around the house with nothing but low hanging sweats to get you flustered. Brushing up against you or wrapping his toned arms around your body. His rock like abs against your back as he whispered into your ear. “Well these shorts are shorter than usual.” Loving the way your face heated up for him.

Who starts to make you sit in his lap for everything. Saying that you weren’t allowed to watch tv unless you did it from his lap. Or that you couldn’t seat at the table to eat breakfast unless it was again, on his lap.

Who suddenly wants to spend all his time with you so that you couldn’t go out as often. He wanted you, and would make you his at some point.

Who finally sinks his cock into your tight pussy after teasing you subtly all day. “Waited so long for this.” He grunted, his thumb running over your bottom lip which was swollen from all his rough kissing. “Feels even better than i expected.”

You cried out loudly, small whimpers falling past your parted lips as his hold on your legs tightened. Holding them in place over his shoulders as he fucked into you harshly. Thick cot brushing against your g spot as it hammered deep.

“That’s it, just take it baby. Please mama? Take it f’me yeah?” He breathed, his head in your neck as he licked and sucked dark marks onto your skin. Snapping his hips into yours in oute need, not being able to get enough of the moment that he dreamed for so long about.

“Does that feel good baby?” Watching as you nodded with a teary cry, your eyes fluttering shut as your back arched off his sheets.

“Look at me.” he groaned, your eyes peeling open to meet his as you both filled the room with your noises. “Wanna fill you up so bad, pussy’s so fucking perfect.”

“S-satoruu— nngh,”

“Oh fuck baby, let me hear my name again.” He breathed, hand snaking lightly around your neck. Your choked moans and babbles getting louder as your stomach tightened. Gojo never slowing his pace as he fucked you dumb.

“Haah, Sat-oruu, ahh,” you mewled, your pussy tightening as your body began to tremble. Gripping onto the sheets at your side at the orgasmic build up.

“Can feel you getting close, squeezing me so tight,” Gojo grunted, lewd squelching sounds filling your ears each time his cock bullied its way deep. “I’ve got you baby, cum f’me.” His hand squeezed down on your throat, your wet eyes meeting piercing blue ones with a chant of his name. His cock twitching inside you as your pussy messily thanked his cock.

“O-oh fuck- ‘m never letting you go you know that? Wanted you for way too long.” His eyes fixed on yours as you shook your head.

You felt so good, and he found him self unable to come to a stop even as he got close.

“S-satoru—”

“C-can’t baby, feels so good, shit— gotta cum in you.” Pressing his lips onto yours to muffle your whines as he gave his final sloppy thrusts. His hips flush against yours as he buried himself deep inside you with a moan. His eyes rolling back as he spilled into you, pumping ropes after ropes of the sticky substance onto your walls.

Gojo pulled away with a satisfied breath, swiping his tongue across his lips with an unapologetic smile at the look on your face. “Sorry princess.”

#not a new work!#from my old account #gojo satoru x reader #jujutsu kaisen smut #jjk smut #jujutsu kaisen #jjk x reader #jujutsu kaisen x reader #gojo smut #gojo x reader #jjk x reader smut #gojo x reader smut #gojo satoru #satoru gojo #gojo satoru smut #gojo x you

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