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Best House Turkey: The Ultimate Guide to Buying Property in Istanbul: A 2024 Investment Opportunity
Best House Turkey: The Ultimate Guide to Buying Property in Istanbul: A 2024 Investment Opportunity
Istanbul continues to be one of the most dynamic real estate markets in the world, attracting investors from all over the globe. Whether you're interested in purchasing residential or commercial property, seeking an investment for short-term rental returns, or looking to qualify for Turkish citizenship through property investment, Istanbul has something to offer.
This guide will take you through the key factors influencing Istanbul’s property market, how to navigate the buying process, and the best neighborhoods to invest in for 2024. Here’s everything you need to know:
Overview of the Guide:
Key Benefits of Investing in Istanbul Real Estate Discover the primary advantages that make Istanbul a top destination for real estate investment, including its strategic location, booming economy, and strong rental yields.
Istanbul’s Real Estate Market Outlook for 2024 Learn about the projected trends in Istanbul’s property market for 2024, including price increases and growing demand in suburban areas.
Top Neighborhoods to Invest in Explore the best neighborhoods to invest in Istanbul based on factors like development potential, rental yields, and capital appreciation.
Step-by-Step Guide to Buying Property in Istanbul A detailed, easy-to-follow process to guide you through buying property in Istanbul, from research to completion.
Legal and Financial Considerations for Foreign Investors Get familiar with the legal and financial steps involved in buying property in Turkey, including tax obligations and financing options.
Why Istanbul Remains a Prime Investment Location Understand the factors that make Istanbul a long-term investment hub, including tourism, government developments, and steady capital growth.
FAQs Find answers to common questions about buying property in Istanbul, from citizenship to financing and taxes.
1. Key Benefits of Investing in Istanbul Real Estate
Istanbul’s real estate market offers several advantages that make it a top investment destination. Below are the key reasons why purchasing property in Istanbul in 2024 is an appealing option for foreign investors.
1.1 Booming Economy and Increasing Demand
As Turkey's financial and cultural capital, Istanbul has a rapidly growing economy. The city's diversified economy, which includes sectors such as technology, tourism, and finance, continues to fuel demand for both residential and commercial properties. As the population rises, so does the need for more housing and business spaces, ensuring high demand in the real estate market.
1.2 Strategic Location
Istanbul’s position as a bridge between Europe and Asia is a major asset. This strategic location not only benefits trade and business but also makes Istanbul a magnet for foreign investors. The ease of access to both continents and the city’s growing transportation networks, such as the new airport and metro systems, make it an ideal location for investment.
1.3 High Rental Yields
For investors focused on rental income, Istanbul is highly lucrative. The city offers attractive rental yields, particularly in high-demand areas such as Besiktas, Kadikoy, and Beylikduzu. These areas are seeing growing demand for both long-term and short-term rentals, providing opportunities for consistent returns.
2. Istanbul’s Real Estate Market Outlook for 2024
Istanbul’s property market is expected to maintain its growth trajectory in 2024, with several positive factors contributing to an optimistic outlook for investors.
2.1 Projected Price Increases
Istanbul’s continued infrastructure development, such as the completion of the Istanbul Canal, expanded metro lines, and the third airport, is set to fuel long-term capital appreciation. Experts predict steady increases in property prices across the city, especially in emerging areas near new transportation links.
2.2 Rising Demand in Suburban Areas
As city-center prices climb, investors are increasingly turning their attention to suburban areas like Beylikduzu and Silivri. These areas are seeing rapid development, and their more affordable properties present attractive investment opportunities with the potential for substantial value increases.
2.3 Stable Rental Market
Istanbul’s rental market remains robust, driven by the influx of students, tourists, and professionals. This strong demand for rental properties ensures a stable income for property owners, with short-term rentals seeing particularly high returns in tourist-centric neighborhoods.
3. Top Neighborhoods to Invest in
Istanbul offers a diverse array of neighborhoods, each with its own appeal for different types of investors. Below are some of the top neighborhoods to consider when buying property in Istanbul.
3.1 Besiktas
Besiktas is one of Istanbul’s most desirable and upscale neighborhoods. Located along the Bosphorus, it offers beautiful waterfront views, proximity to central business districts, and a vibrant social scene. It’s a perfect area for both residential and commercial investments, with strong rental demand.
3.2 Kadikoy
On the Asian side of Istanbul, Kadikoy is growing in popularity due to its vibrant arts scene, rich cultural history, and increasing demand from both locals and expats. Kadikoy offers a range of affordable housing options that are expected to appreciate in value over time, especially with ongoing infrastructure development.
3.3 Beylikduzu and Basaksehir
For those looking for more affordable investment options, Beylikduzu and Basaksehir are emerging areas with high growth potential. These districts benefit from new developments, such as residential complexes and commercial centers, making them prime choices for long-term investors.
3.4 Sultanahmet
Known as the heart of Istanbul's historic district, Sultanahmet is ideal for investors interested in the tourism sector. With world-famous landmarks such as the Hagia Sophia and Blue Mosque, the area is a prime location for short-term rentals and hospitality investments.
4. Step-by-Step Guide to Buying Property in Istanbul
Investing in Istanbul real estate is straightforward if you follow these essential steps:
4.1 Research the Market
Before purchasing a property, it's crucial to understand the local market trends, property values, and potential returns. Conducting research, visiting Istanbul, and engaging a local real estate agent will ensure you're making a sound investment.
4.2 Hire a Professional Real Estate Agent
Working with a knowledgeable real estate agent can save time and help you find the best investment opportunities. An experienced agent will guide you through the legal procedures, suggest suitable properties, and help negotiate the best deal.
4.3 Understand the Legal Process
Foreign buyers can easily purchase property in Istanbul, but it's essential to understand the legal process. The necessary steps include getting a Turkish tax number, having the property appraised, and ensuring the title deed is free of encumbrances. Engaging a lawyer who specializes in real estate law is highly recommended.
4.4 Arrange Financing
If you're financing your purchase, Turkish banks offer mortgages to foreign buyers. You can typically borrow up to 70% of the property value. Be sure to compare financing options to secure the best terms.
4.5 Complete the Purchase
Once all legalities are addressed, you can transfer the property’s title to your name. This process typically takes about a month, after which you’ll officially own the property.
5. Legal and Financial Considerations for Foreign Investors
Buying property in Istanbul involves a number of legal and financial considerations that foreign investors need to keep in mind.
5.1 Property Taxes
Turkey has relatively low property taxes. Property tax rates range from 0.1% to 0.3% of the property’s value, with additional taxes for purchasing property. Title deed transfer fees, which are usually around 4% of the property value, should also be factored into your budget.
5.2 Other Costs
Additional costs include notary fees, legal fees, and possible utility connection charges. It’s also advisable to consider the costs of property management if you plan to rent the property.
5.3 Financing Options
Several banks in Turkey offer mortgage loans to foreign investors, though interest rates may vary. Typically, foreign buyers can access up to 70% of the property's value, with the remainder covered by the buyer.
6. Why Istanbul Remains a Prime Investment Location
Istanbul’s real estate market remains a safe and profitable investment choice due to several factors:
6.1 Strong Tourism Industry
With millions of tourists visiting Istanbul every year, there is a constant demand for short-term rental properties. Areas near popular landmarks and the city center are particularly lucrative for investors seeking high returns on short-term rental properties.
6.2 Government Investments and Infrastructure Development
Ongoing and future government projects, such as the new Istanbul Canal and improved transportation links, will drive up property values in key locations. Investing in Istanbul today allows you to capitalize on these long-term development projects.
6.3 Capital Appreciation
Historically, Istanbul’s property market has seen consistent price increases. With continued urbanization and infrastructure improvements, capital appreciation is expected to continue, particularly in up-and-coming areas like Beylikduzu and Basaksehir.
7. FAQ Section
Why should I invest in Istanbul real estate? Istanbul offers a combination of strategic location, booming economy, and growing demand for both residential and commercial properties. Its historical and cultural significance, alongside modern infrastructure projects, make it a solid long-term investment option.
What are the main advantages of investing in Istanbul over other Turkish cities? Istanbul’s prime location between Europe and Asia, coupled with high rental yields and continual capital appreciation, makes it a superior choice. Moreover, the city’s strong tourism sector provides a stable demand for short-term rentals.
Can foreign investors buy property in Istanbul? Yes, foreign investors can buy property in Istanbul. However, there are some restrictions on the amount of land they can purchase, and they must follow legal procedures such as obtaining a tax number and ensuring the title deed is clear.
What are the legal steps involved in purchasing property in Istanbul? The legal process includes hiring a lawyer, securing a tax number, verifying the property’s title deed, having the property appraised, and registering the property in your name at the Land Registry Office.
How much do I need to invest to qualify for Turkish citizenship? To qualify for Turkish citizenship through property investment, you need to purchase property worth at least $400,000. The property must be held for a minimum of three years.
What are the costs associated with buying property in Istanbul? Aside from the purchase price, additional costs include a title deed transfer fee (usually 4% of the property’s value), notary fees, legal fees, and property taxes.
What neighborhoods are the best for investment in 2024? Top neighborhoods for investment include Besiktas, Kadikoy, Beylikduzu, and Basaksehir. These areas offer high rental yields, ongoing development, and strong potential for capital appreciation.
Can I get a mortgage as a foreign investor in Istanbul? Yes, foreign investors can get a mortgage in Turkey, with local banks offering loans up to 70% of the property value. However, the terms and interest rates can vary, so it’s essential to shop around.
How can I manage my property if I’m not living in Istanbul? You can hire property management companies to take care of your rental properties. These companies handle everything from finding tenants to collecting rent and maintaining the property.
What should I know about the rental market in Istanbul? Istanbul has a strong rental market, especially in areas popular with tourists, students, and professionals. Long-term rentals are stable, while short-term rentals yield high returns, particularly in central or tourist-heavy areas.
What is the outlook for property prices in Istanbul over the next few years? Property prices in Istanbul are expected to continue rising due to increased demand, ongoing infrastructure projects, and a growing economy. Suburban areas may see especially high value increases.
Contact Best House Turkey Ready to invest in Property Turkey? Get in touch with us for expert guidance and unparalleled service:
Address: Şenlikköy Mahallesi Yeşilköy Halkalı Caddesi Aqua Florya No: 93 Kat: 3 Daire No: 2, 34153 Bakırköy/İstanbul Website: https://www.besthouseturkey.com/ Phone: +90 850 308 07 17 Email: [email protected] Map: View Us on Google Maps
With Best House Turkey, your dream property is just a step away. Let us help you turn your vision into reality!
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Best House Turkey Comprehensive Guide to Investing in Istanbul Real Estate: Everything You Need to Know in 2024
Best House Turkey Comprehensive Guide to Investing in Istanbul Real Estate: Everything You Need to Know in 2024
Istanbul, the vibrant metropolis that straddles both Europe and Asia, has become one of the most sought-after locations for real estate investment. With a rich history, stunning landscapes, and an ever-growing economy, Istanbul is the ideal place to buy property. Whether you’re looking for a luxury villa, a modern apartment, or a commercial investment, this guide will walk you through every aspect of buying property in Istanbul in 2024.
Table of Contents
Why Invest in Istanbul Real Estate?
Current Trends in the Istanbul Real Estate Market
Key Factors Driving Growth
Impact of Global Investment
Top Neighborhoods for Property Investment in Istanbul
Beyoğlu & Taksim
Sarıyer & Levent
Kadıköy & Üsküdar
Types of Properties Available for Sale in Istanbul
Modern Apartments
Historic Homes
Luxury Villas
Step-by-Step Guide to Buying Property in Istanbul
Required Documents
The Legal Process
Cost of Buying Property in Istanbul
Price Ranges by Neighborhood
Additional Costs
Financing Your Property Purchase in Istanbul
Advantages of Turkish Citizenship through Real Estate Investment
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) About Buying Property in Istanbul
1. Why Invest in Istanbul Real Estate?
Strategic Location
Istanbul’s unique geographical location between Europe and Asia is one of the main reasons why it has become a central hub for international investment. The city is not only a cultural melting pot but also a leading business and financial center. Its strategic location offers significant long-term potential for property investors.
Rising Property Values
Over the past decade, property values in Istanbul have consistently risen, and this trend shows no sign of slowing down. With significant infrastructure developments, including new transport links, commercial zones, and cultural projects, Istanbul’s real estate market offers substantial returns on investment.
Growing Population and Demand
Istanbul’s population is expanding rapidly, and with it, the demand for housing is steadily increasing. Both locals and foreigners are seeking to buy property in the city, whether for residential purposes or as investment assets.
Explore available investment opportunities with Best House Turkey to secure a promising property deal in Istanbul.
2. Current Trends in the Istanbul Real Estate Market
Key Factors Driving Growth
Several key factors are contributing to the continuous growth of Istanbul’s real estate market:
Urbanization: As more people move to Istanbul for work or lifestyle, demand for housing continues to increase.
Government Initiatives: The Turkish government offers tax incentives and programs, including the Turkish Citizenship by Investment program, to attract foreign investors.
International Trade and Business Hub: As Istanbul continues to solidify its position as a major business and trade center, the demand for both residential and commercial properties is surging.
Impact of Global Investment
Foreign investors, especially from the Middle East, Europe, and Russia, are increasingly buying properties in Istanbul. This international influx not only boosts property prices but also brings a cosmopolitan flair to the city. Real estate developers are catering to the growing demand for high-end, luxury properties in prime locations.
3. Top Neighborhoods for Property Investment in Istanbul
Beyoğlu & Taksim
Beyoğlu is one of the most popular areas in Istanbul, known for its lively atmosphere, proximity to major attractions, and rich cultural history. Taksim Square, one of Istanbul's most famous landmarks, lies within this district, offering excellent public transportation options and vibrant nightlife.
Best for: Young professionals, short-term rental investors.
Average Price: $3,000 - $6,000 per square meter.
Sarıyer & Levent
These neighborhoods are ideal for luxury buyers, offering high-end properties with panoramic views of the Bosphorus. Sarıyer, a coastal area, is known for its natural beauty, while Levent is a business and financial district with modern residential complexes.
Best for: Affluent buyers, investors seeking long-term capital appreciation.
Average Price: $6,000 - $12,000 per square meter.
Kadıköy & Üsküdar
Located on the Asian side of Istanbul, Kadıköy and Üsküdar offer a more relaxed lifestyle while still being well-connected to the city center. These areas are popular among families and long-term residents, with plenty of green spaces, schools, and affordable housing options.
Best for: Families, those seeking a quieter neighborhood.
Average Price: $2,500 - $5,000 per square meter.
4. Types of Properties Available for Sale in Istanbul
Modern Apartments
Modern apartments in Istanbul offer state-of-the-art facilities, including smart home technology, gymnasiums, swimming pools, and 24/7 security. These apartments are generally part of larger residential complexes, often located near business districts or transportation hubs.
Historic Homes
Istanbul is famous for its historic properties, ranging from Ottoman-era mansions to restored houses with architectural charm. These properties often have a unique cultural value, which can make them desirable to buyers interested in preserving the city's history while enjoying modern amenities.
Luxury Villas
For buyers looking for space, privacy, and luxurious features, Istanbul offers an impressive range of luxury villas. Many of these properties boast stunning Bosphorus views, private pools, large gardens, and easy access to Istanbul’s key areas.
5. Step-by-Step Guide to Buying Property in Istanbul
Required Documents
Passport: A valid passport is required for identification purposes.
Tax ID Number: Foreign buyers must obtain a Turkish tax number.
Proof of Funds: Evidence of where the funds for the property purchase are coming from.
The Legal Process
The legal process for buying property in Istanbul is relatively straightforward:
Property Selection: Identify the type of property you wish to purchase and visit potential properties.
Sale Agreement: Once you’ve selected the property, a sale agreement is drafted, and a deposit is usually paid.
Title Deed Transfer: The final step is the official transfer of the property’s title deed (TAPU) at the Land Registry Office.
6. Cost of Buying Property in Istanbul
Price Ranges by Neighborhood
Central Areas (Beyoğlu, Şişli): $3,000 - $7,000 per square meter.
Luxury Areas (Sarıyer, Levent): $6,000 - $12,000 per square meter.
Suburban Areas (Kadıköy, Üsküdar): $2,500 - $5,000 per square meter.
Additional Costs
Title Deed Fees: 4% of the property value.
Notary Fees: Typically $150 - $300.
Property Tax: 0.2% to 0.6% of the property’s declared value, annually.
7. Financing Your Property Purchase in Istanbul
Many banks in Turkey offer mortgage options to foreign buyers, generally requiring a down payment of 25-40%. Alternatively, you can explore developer financing, which may offer installment plans over the course of the construction.
8. Advantages of Turkish Citizenship through Real Estate Investment
Turkey offers a unique opportunity for foreign investors to acquire citizenship by purchasing real estate. The minimum required investment is $400,000, and the process typically takes around 3-6 months. This program grants you and your immediate family Turkish citizenship, including access to healthcare, education, and business opportunities.
For more details, visit Best House Turkey and start your citizenship journey today!
9. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) About Buying Property in Istanbul
1. Can I buy property in Istanbul as a foreigner?
Yes, foreigners can purchase property in Istanbul, provided the property is not located in military zones.
2. What is the minimum investment required for Turkish citizenship?
To qualify for Turkish citizenship through real estate investment, you need to invest at least $400,000.
3. Are there financing options for foreigners buying property in Istanbul?
Yes, Turkish banks and property developers offer financing options to foreigners, though the terms and conditions may vary.
4. How long does the property buying process take in Istanbul?
The property buying process typically takes 1-2 months, from initial negotiations to the transfer of the title deed.
5. What are the ongoing costs of owning property in Istanbul?
Ongoing costs include property tax, maintenance fees (for apartments), and utility bills.
6. Is it possible to rent out my property in Istanbul?
Yes, Istanbul’s real estate market is ideal for short-term and long-term rentals. Many foreign buyers choose to rent out their properties when not in use.
7. What types of properties are best for investment in Istanbul?
Modern apartments, luxury villas, and commercial properties are the most popular options for investors in Istanbul.
8. Are there any hidden fees when buying property in Istanbul?
Additional fees include title deed transfer fees, notary fees, and legal expenses.
9. Can I get a mortgage as a foreigner in Istanbul?
Yes, foreign buyers can apply for mortgages in Turkey with a down payment requirement of 25-40%.
10. What should I look for when buying property in Istanbul?
Look for properties in good locations, with solid construction, and good resale value. It’s also important to check the legal status of the property.
Contact Real Estate Turkey - Best House Turkey
Take the next step in your Property Turkey journey with the expertise of Best House Turkey.
Address: Şenlikköy Mahallesi Yeşilköy Halkalı Caddesi Aqua Florya No: 93 Kat: 3 Daire No: 2, 34153 Bakırköy/İstanbul Website: https://www.besthouseturkey.com Phone: +90 850 308 07 17 Email: [email protected] Map: Google Maps Location
Visit our website for more information and begin your journey with Property Turkey through Best House Turkey.
Tags: Buy Property Istanbul, Istanbul Real Estate, Invest in Istanbul, Turkish Citizenship, Property Investment Turkey, Luxury Property Istanbul, Foreign Buyers Turkey.
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Best House Turkey: Your Comprehensive Guide to Buying Property in Istanbul
Best House Turkey: Your Comprehensive Guide to Buying Property in Istanbul
Istanbul is more than just a city; it’s a unique blend of history, culture, and modernity. This dynamic metropolis has emerged as one of the most sought-after real estate markets globally. Whether you’re looking for a family home, an investment property, or a vacation retreat, Istanbul offers diverse opportunities. In this guide, we’ll walk you through everything you need to know about buying property in Istanbul, from market insights to legal requirements and expert tips.
Table of Contents
Why Istanbul is the Perfect Destination for Real Estate Investment
Strategic Position Between Continents
Economic Growth and Development
High Rental Demand
Understanding the Istanbul Real Estate Market
Market Trends in 2024
Property Types and Their Benefits
Top Neighborhoods for Property Buyers in Istanbul
Best Districts for Luxury Homes
Affordable Areas with High ROI
Emerging Neighborhoods for Long-Term Growth
Legal Aspects of Buying Property in Istanbul
Foreign Ownership Rules
Tax Implications
Step-by-Step Property Buying Process in Istanbul
Researching the Market
Making an Offer
Finalizing the Deal
Financing Options for Foreign Buyers
Mortgage Loans in Turkey
Developer Payment Plans
Key Factors to Consider Before Buying
Location
Infrastructure and Amenities
Future Development Plans
Maximizing the Value of Your Istanbul Property Investment
Why Choose Best House Turkey for Your Real Estate Needs?
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Why Istanbul is the Perfect Destination for Real Estate Investment
Strategic Position Between Continents
Istanbul's geographical location bridges Europe and Asia, making it a global hub for commerce, culture, and tourism. Its position attracts businesses, expatriates, and tourists, driving demand for real estate.
Economic Growth and Development
With significant infrastructure projects like the Istanbul Canal, new metro lines, and the world-class Istanbul Airport, the city continues to grow economically. These advancements positively impact property values.
High Rental Demand
Istanbul’s population of over 16 million ensures a steady demand for rental properties, especially in areas popular with expats and tourists.
2. Understanding the Istanbul Real Estate Market
Market Trends in 2024
The Istanbul property market remains resilient, with increasing foreign investments. Key drivers include Turkey's Citizenship by Investment program and strong rental yields.
Property Types and Their Benefits
Villas: Ideal for families and luxury living, especially in areas like Beykoz and Zekeriyaköy.
Apartments: Popular among young professionals and investors due to their affordability and rental appeal.
Commercial Properties: High ROI potential in business districts like Levent and Maslak.
3. Top Neighborhoods for Property Buyers in Istanbul
Best Districts for Luxury Homes
Bebek: Offers premium properties with stunning Bosphorus views.
Sarıyer: Known for exclusive villas and proximity to nature.
Affordable Areas with High ROI
Esenyurt: A favorite for budget-conscious buyers.
Başakşehir: Features modern infrastructure and family-friendly communities.
Emerging Neighborhoods for Long-Term Growth
Pendik: Growing in popularity due to improved transportation links.
Avcılar: Affordable properties with great rental potential.
4. Legal Aspects of Buying Property in Istanbul
Foreign Ownership Rules
Foreigners can buy most types of property in Istanbul, except those in military or security zones. Turkish law ensures fair treatment for international buyers.
Tax Implications
Title Deed Tax: 4% of the property value.
Annual Property Tax: 0.1%-0.6%, depending on the location and type.
5. Step-by-Step Property Buying Process in Istanbul
Market Research: Understand your needs and budget.
Find a Trusted Agent: Work with a reliable firm like Best House Turkey.
Property Visits: Schedule tours or virtual viewings.
Legal Checks: Verify ownership and zoning permissions.
Sign the Contract: Usually requires a 10% deposit.
Finalize the Title Deed Transfer: Complete payment and register ownership.
6. Financing Options for Foreign Buyers
Mortgage Loans in Turkey
Turkish banks offer mortgages to foreign nationals, typically covering up to 70% of the property value.
Developer Payment Plans
Many developers provide flexible installment plans for off-plan properties, making it easier to invest without immediate full payment.
7. Key Factors to Consider Before Buying
Proximity to Key Areas: Choose properties near schools, hospitals, or workplaces.
Neighborhood Growth: Research upcoming projects in the area.
Resale Potential: Focus on properties in high-demand locations.
8. Maximizing the Value of Your Istanbul Property Investment
Renovation: Upgrade older properties to boost their value.
Short-Term Rentals: Use platforms like Airbnb to maximize returns in tourist areas.
Long-Term Appreciation: Invest in emerging districts for higher future profits.
9. Why Choose Best House Turkey for Your Real Estate Needs?
Best House Turkey provides unparalleled expertise and a tailored approach to meet your needs. From property selection to legal assistance, our team ensures a seamless buying experience.
10. Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is the minimum investment for Turkish citizenship?
Invest $400,000 in property to qualify for citizenship.
2. Can I finance my property purchase in Turkey?
Yes, Turkish banks and developers offer financing options for foreigners.
3. What additional costs should I expect?
Plan for a 4% title deed tax, legal fees, and annual property taxes.
4. Is buying property in Istanbul a safe investment?
Yes, Istanbul offers high returns and robust market growth.
5. How long does the property buying process take?
Typically, 4-6 weeks from start to finish.
6. Can I buy property in Istanbul remotely?
Yes, virtual tours and online documentation make remote purchases possible.
7. What is a TAPU?
A TAPU is the official property title deed in Turkey, crucial for proving ownership.
8. Are there restrictions for foreign buyers?
Foreigners cannot buy in military zones or specific security areas.
9. What is the average price per square meter in Istanbul?
Prices range from $1,500 to $6,000+, depending on the district.
10. Which areas offer the best rental yields?
Tourist-heavy areas like Taksim and Kadıköy are top choices for rental returns.
Contact Real Estate Turkey - Best House Turkey
Take the next step in your Property Turkey journey with the expertise of Best House Turkey.
Address: Şenlikköy Mahallesi Yeşilköy Halkalı Caddesi Aqua Florya No: 93 Kat: 3 Daire No: 2, 34153 Bakırköy/İstanbul Website: https://www.besthouseturkey.com/ Phone: +90 850 308 07 17 Email: [email protected] Map: Google Maps Location
Tags: Istanbul Real Estate, Buy House in Istanbul, Turkish Citizenship by Investment, Istanbul Property Investment, Best House Turkey, Affordable Housing in Istanbul, Property Financing in Turkey.
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Tosmur Alanya Turkey 4 Rooms Big Penthouses Duplexes for sale – HNT-0710
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A vague part 2 based on this.
On a funny note, I think 141 doing a mission that involves taking down some kind of warehouse and finding a child is funny.
Soap is for the briefest moment very deeply annoyed because he intended to blow the building up to fuck but this wee one is sniffling, and he has the saddest big eyes Soap has ever seen. They get the kid out and very quickly realise that they have no idea who he is or who his family is but these bastards are fighting to try and get this kid back so he's important.
They look into it [Laswell does] as the little boy, who the medic says looks to be about four, gets checked for any major injuries. He's a little bruised, too skinny and very obviously terrified but other than that, he's alright. If one could say that. Laswell figures out that this boy is important enough that people are looking for him and the 141 so she directs them to a pretty swanky property in America to stay in while they try and look for someone connected to the boy. It certainly isn't a safe house, far too nice but there's no use complaining about a good thing, is there?
As good as they like to think they are with kids, this boy is utterly petrified. Anytime they come near him, he flinches. They don't have the right things to look after them, and no one wants to leave to shop, knowing how aggressively they're being hunted down, so they try and make do. Keyword: try.
John is still in Captain mode; he knows he needs to protect his men most importantly, but he also can't let anything happen to the little one. The only time the boy shows the slightest hint of interest in him is when he has his hat on but the four-year-old isn't brave enough to try and touch it. He can see the tension in the man, and it very clearly scares him.
Simon's build seems to scare the boy, and it makes him feel guilty. He's so tall and in Soap's words "built like a brick shithouse" that he intimidates grown men so what good does a little one have. He walks into the living room one day behind the boy and the kid jumps and scampers off the minute he spots Simon behind him.
Johnny is just so angry at the thought of someone actively hunting down a child that he can't be near the boy because it leaves him seething. The thought of someone wanting this kid who's been separated from his family, who is so fucking scared in a way a child should never be has him wanting to punch a wall.
Gaz gets the closest to the boy but even that isn't much. The kid will take a glass of water from him if he's offered it but if he offers him a plate of food then the kid will just look between him and the bowl with a clear lack of trust until he gives up. Gaz is the one that notices that little bits of food disappear now and then so at least he eats something, but it doesn’t make any of the men feel better.
They think they're absolutely screwed until without warning Kate walks in one day with three big bags in hand. How did she get a key to unlock the door? Wait, nevermind.
One bag is full of different foods: turkey dinosaurs, microwave meals, snacks, juice boxes and muffins. They even think they see a tub with something homemade inside. The second bag has clean clothes for a kid of that age: socks, underwear, pajamas and even a nice little outfit he could go outside in. A first aid kid. And a plastic plate, toddler cutlery and a plastic cup with a cartoon design on it. The last bag is the one that surprises them the most. It has an unreasonably soft blanket inside of it, one with stars and planets on it. A colouring book and a small tub of crayons. A kid's book. And the one that surprises everyone the most, a little stuffed bear with a little hat on.
They can only stand in shock as she starts ordering them about. John and Simon put the food away, Johnny puts the clothes and other stuff away while Kate keeps the bag with the blanket to her side as she kneels in front of the boy, keeping Gaz by her side. "Hello, Eli."
Laswell managed to find out who the little boy was, of course, she did. His name is Eli Roberts, and both of his parents are dead. He has no living family, and they haven't been able to find any acquaintances they'd trust to take him in. Gaz can only stare as the little boy's Eli's lip trembles, and he throws himself into Kate's arms, bawling. The station chief is a natural, wrapping her arms around the four-year-old and picking him up. She holds him against her chest, and he keeps his tiny little hands clenched tightly in the fabric of her shirt.
Kate wastes no time in looking after the boy, instructing the boys to throw some garlic bread in the oven and toss one of the microwave meals in the microwave: spaghetti. When it's ready it goes on the kid-friendly plate, but Eli still won't touch it. Until Kate eats a little first, taking a bite of the bread and eating a forkful of spaghetti as the boy watches, then he slowly digs in and within a few minutes his plate is empty. For a second they all feel like idiots, of course, the boy wouldn't willingly trust any food they hand him without them giving him a reason to. The minute he’s finished eating, he’s plastered to Kate’s side, a little hand holding onto her pinky.
She spends the day with them and by the end of it, Eli is showered and in clean pajamas. He's sitting on Kate's knee with the blanket over his shoulders, trusting Kate to hold his bear as he colouring in a page of his colouring book to the sounds of Zootopia in the background. John is the one who asks, he knows Kate has countless nieces and nephews, but he didn’t expect her to be this good with the boy. “Why’s it you he trusts?” She briefly stops running her fingers through Eli’s curls as she answers. “Because you’re all treating him like a recovering captive, I’m treating him like a toddler, John. He’s just a little boy, he doesn’t need you to walk on eggshells around him, he needs to watch Scooby-Doo and have a tantrum about cookies.” The mention of cookies has the boy’s head popping up in a way that has even Simon suppressing a soft laugh.
A year later they get invited to Thanksgiving at Laswell’s. John tries to argue that it’s an American holiday and Kate tells him to haul his English ass over to her house and bring his pack of dogs. For Johnny, Simon and Gaz it’s the first time they meet Sarah Laswell. What surprises them the most isn’t her tattoos, her age or her height. It isn’t even the fact that they very quickly realise that Kate’s wife is fucking loaded. No, it’s listening to her thundering footsteps as she chases after a five-year-old who’s giggling his little head off as she yells in mock annoyance. “Eli Laswell, you give me back that spatula right now or Mommy is gonna put you in the mashed potatoes and eat you all up.”
What surprises them all more is the look of utter adoration on Station Chief Laswell’s face as she watches her wife chase and threaten to eat their son.
#kate laswell#captain john price#john soap mactavish#kyle gaz garrick#simon ghost riley#laswells wife#laswell cod#laswell mw2#the house laswell sends them to is one her wife owns#eventually after a year or two eli calls price uncle john and the sheer respect he has for kate triples#because thats her son and hes happy
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From the opening bell, tRump has been a disaster. From sketchy inaugural donations and lying about crowd size, to mishandling COVID and endangering democracy by throwing shade on elections The Orange One's (my preferred reference) has damaged this country.
So to help jog people's memory, here's a short list of things he's done that the MAJORITY of Americans will find distasteful/illegal/evil/unAmerican.
THE LIST
• Claimed millions voted illegally
• Put children in cages
• Refused to release tax returns
• Denigrated Gold Star family
• Calls free press “enemy of the people”
• Has lied over 15,000+ times
• Gave security clearance to Ivanka and Jared over intelligence objections
• Denigrated John McCain for being a POW
• Thinks of veterans as suckers and losers
• Skipped Normandy ceremony as he didn't want to ruin his hair in the rain
• Politicized masks and other possible ways to mitigate spread of COVID
• Banned Muslims from entering country unless they are from a country he does business with
• Called Nazis very fine people
• Insults allies
• Praises dictators
• Ignored intelligence reports about Russian bounties on US troops
• Called African nations “shithole countries”
• Belittles US generals and believes he knows more then them
• Stole money from his charity and is banned
from having any new ones
• Foreign governments stay in his hotels to curry favors
• Forces government employees to stay in his properties while traveling
• Played golf more than any prez after stating he wouldn't have time to play
• Government must foot bill for his golf excursions which means we have paid his company over 200 times his salary
• Promoted snake oil cures for COVID
• Donates his salary as a tax dodge because he makes so much off golf trips.
• paid off porn star to remain quiet about sexual affair
• Had sexual affair while wife was pregnant with son
• Promised to build wall along border has only completed three miles of new fence and Mexico will not pay for it
• During campaign his operatives had numerous meeting with Russian agents in order to gain an advantage
• Obstructed investigation into his Russian connections
• Attempted to bribe Ukrainian president for help with his election
• Asked China to help him win re-election
• Impeached for Ukrainian scheme and his obstruction of subsequent investigation
• Has nearly daily Twitter
tantrums
• Attacks private citizens on Twitter
• Hurls childish nicknames at those he perceives as foes
• Pudges leaders of other countries aside so he can walk at front
• Threw paper towels at hurricane victims
• Removed clean water and air regulations
• Promised to get drug prices lowered, instead the went up
• Drain the swamp? He added more swamp creatures
• Knocked out the teeth of the EPA
• Kicked Dept. of Interior in the
balls
• Dumbed down the Department of Education
• Suspected of being Russian asset
• Supports white supremacy groups
• Validates racism
• Inherited a good economy, destroyed it
• Highest trade deficit in years
• Started tariff war with China, lost
• Due to tariff war had highest number of small
farm bankruptcies since depression
• Utilized secret police against citizens
• Largest civil unrest in nation since Vietnam years
• Attacked federal judges he didn't like
• Ignored danger of COVID-19
• Ignored scientists on COVID
• Over 220,000 deaths from COVID and climbing
• Downplayed seriousness of COVID
• No national plan to control COVID
• Dismantled pandemic response team prior to outbreak
• Didn’t replenish national supplies of PPE and other medical equipment
• Federal government seized PPE from states who imported it for their state’s use
• Owes millions of dollars, possibly to foreign interests that could compromise US security
• Tax cuts for rich, peanuts for others
• No definitive foreign policy
• To help his business interests, caved to Turkey and betrayed our Kurdish allies
• He has become a laughing stock of other world leaders
• Favorability of US in the world has gone down except in dictatorship countries
• Promoted budget that would diminish Social Security and Medicare
This is not an all-inclusive list, there are tons of regulations meant to protect us he has overridden, countless people he has insulted, untold number of norms he has violated and more. At least this is a starting point though of why you should not vote to give him four more years. If he is reelected it will be an incomprehensible disaster for this country.
So read over this short list one more time and go vote for Kamala Harris.
Vote for decency and competence.
Vote The Orange One out.
#vote blue#vote harris#trump is a loser#trump is bad#trump is a criminal#fuck trump#corrupt gop#gop#fuck the gop#vote 2024#politics
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Palestine related summary. April 8 to April 14, 2024 - from LetsTalkPalestine. Quote.
April 8. Day 185
• 38 Palestinians killed, 47 injured in Gaza in last 24 hours
⚖️ Nicaragua presented its case against Germany today at ICJ, Germany will conclude the hearing tomorrow — check back then for our summary
🇺🇳 UN membership committee received State of Palestine’s application for membership after Fatah-controlled PLO request for renewed consideration of its 2011 application
🚚 Israel says 322 aid trucks entered south Gaza, but still inadequate + gave no convoys access to north. Uncertainty on its delivery as Israel blocks UNRWA’s movements + raised concerns after @ wckitchen attack that killed 7
• Israeli forces raid, assault & abduct people at funeral of martyred Palestinian Walid Daqqa who was killed yesterday by Israeli medical negligence
🇯🇴 Unknown man approached Jordanian crossing to occupied Palestine & opened fire on Israeli patrol car on Saturday. He didn’t infiltrate the border & fled. No casualties
🇱🇧 Israeli air strikes on south Lebanon kill 3 incl. Hezbollah commander
"Middle East Eye", instagram stories quote of April 8, Nicaraguan representative on ICJ, questioning Germany's support of Israel.
April 9. Skipped Day.
April 10. Day 187 - Eid
• 122 Palestinians killed, 56 injured in past 24 hours
• Israel murdered Hamas political leader Ismail Haniyeh‘s 3 sons + 3 grandkids in targeted missile attack on their car while meeting family on Eid
🇮🇪🇪🇸🇲🇹🇸🇮 Ireland, Spain, Malta & Slovenia commit to recognizing Palestinian statehood; Ireland in the coming weeks & Spain by July
🇹🇷 Turkey’s new export restrictions to Israel can increase Israeli property & rent prices by bans on steel, cement & granite
• Israeli army to establish new border crossing to north Gaza, refusing to open previously promised Beit Hanoun crossing claiming fear of blockade from Israeli protestors, the new crossing is in more remote location
🇬🇧 UK gov’t ignores their lawyers’ advice to halt arms sales to avoid culpability. UK Foreign Sec insists they evaluated arms licenses & will continue sending to Israel
• 30+ Israeli settlers attack Ramallah (West Bank) firing live bullets & torched a barn, injuring 4 Palestinians, incl. a 15 y/o
April 11. Day 188
• 63 Palestinians killed, 45 injured in last 24 hours
• Israel bombs Nuseirat camp in central Gaza, attacking 2 mosques & 2 schools, killing 5 & injuring many
🇳🇮 Nicaragua closes its embassy in Berlin after its ICJ case vs Germany for facilitating genocide by giving Israel military & financial aid
• Israel shuts down town of Jayyus in West Bank for 5th day, blocking Palestinians from leaving their homes during Ramadan & Eid. Israeli forces are storming homes, abducting Palestinians & seizing homes as temporary army bases, even confiscating & destroying kids’ toys
• IOF abduct 14 y/o girl in West Bank while photographing landscapes w/ her phone
• Hundreds of Israelis rally in Jerusalem, calling for ground invasion of "safe zone" Rafah to achieve "complete victory"
🇺🇳 UN Security Council issues statement expressing "grave concern" over "horrific" Israeli attack that killed 7 @ wckitchen aid workers, calling for investigation + Israel to improve aid entry & delivery
April 12. Day 189
• 89 Palestinians killed, 120 injured in last 24 hours
• Israeli settlers raid town near Ramallah (West Bank), protected by Israeli forces; shot & killed Jihad Afif + set fire to 7 homes & 20 cars + arbitrarily shot people & ambulances, injuring 35 w/ bullets & severe beatings
🇩🇪 Germany refused entry & detained Dr. Ghassan Abu Sitta at airport, expected to speak at a German Palestine conference on surviving 43 days of genocide. German police cracked down on the event, canceling it midway
• Israel launches fierce attack on Nuseirat camp (central Gaza), killing 5 people & injuring 70+ incl. 2 journalists
🇳🇴 Norway joins Ireland & Spain, ready to recognize a Palestinian state. Ireland is close but aims to coordinate on timing w/ other like-minded states
• Barely 3 months into the year, 2024 marks record amount of Israel seizing land in West Bank, likely future settlements — so far 2,743 acres seized
• Israeli attack on home in Gaza City killed 29 people, dozens injured
[Iran specific updates for April 13, in next post]
April 13 to April 14.
Non-Iran Updates on Palestine you may have missed
• 52 Palestinians killed, 95 injured in Gaza within 24 hours yesterday
• UN warns that cases of waterborne diseases are spreading in Gaza from no access to clean water & the weather is getting warmer. WHO already recorded 345,000+ cases of diarrhea including 105,000 in children under 5 since Oct 7
• Israel has been heavily bombarding Nuseirat camp (central Gaza) since Wednesday. Yesterday they targeted 3 schools + several homes, killing 19 and injuring 200 within 24 hours, majority women & children
• Israeli settler’s expanded raids all of yesterday in the West Bank, a raid on Abu Falah near Ramallah injured 5 Palestinians + several settler attacks reported in various areas of the West Bank. Israeli army had sent in additional troops to West Bank, fortifying border checkpoints
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Property Turkey: Explore Your Ideal Real Estate Investment with Best House Turkey
Property Turkey: Explore Your Ideal Real Estate Investment with Best House Turkey
Are you looking for the perfect investment opportunity in Property Turkey? Whether you're considering a seaside villa, a modern city apartment, or a rental property, Turkey’s real estate market offers a variety of options that suit all preferences and budgets. Best House Turkey is here to guide you through the process with trusted expertise and an extensive portfolio of properties. Let’s explore why Property Turkey is one of the most sought-after markets and how Best House Turkey can help you make the best real estate decision.
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Miracle Plant Used in Ancient Greece Rediscovered After 2,000 Years
— By Giovanni Prete | January 3, 2024
Ancient Greek Plant Silphium. Credit: Wikimedia Commons/Eckard Wolff-Postler cc By 3.0
The “miracle” plant Silphium consumed by Ancient Greeks, Romans, and Egyptians, which was thought to have become extinct two thousand years ago, has recently been rediscovered in Turkey by a professor, who thinks he’s found a botanical survivor.
The plant, which the Ancient Greeks called silphion (Silphium), was a golden-flowered plant. It was once the most sought-after product in the Mediterranean even before the rise of Athens and the Roman Empire.
It is believed that the plant with yellow flowers attached to a thick stalk was crushed, roasted, sauteed, and boiled for medicinal purposes, food, and even contraception. During the reign of Julius Caesar, more than a thousand pounds of the plant were stockpiled alongside gold in Rome’s imperial treasures, and silphion saplings were valued at the same price as silver.
However, just seven centuries after the adored plant was first documented growing along the coast of Cyrenaica in what is now modern day Libya, silphion disappeared from the ancient Mediterranean world.
Roman chronicler Pliny the Elder in his Natural History claims that “just one stalk has been found” of the plant in the first century A.D., “and it has been given to Emperor Nero.” This was the last documented account of the silphion.
Inspired by ancient accounts, botanical explorers throughout the Middle Ages perpetually sought the plant across three continents although in vain. Consequently, historians believed the disappearance of silphion to be the first recorded extinction of any species, plant, or animal.
Despite the plant having been perceived to be extinct for centuries and having completely disappeared from the history books, a researcher at Istanbul University, Mahmut Miski, suspects he has re-discovered the ancient plant. He believes the Ferula Drudeana that grows on Mount Hasan is the elusive ancient plant—nearly a thousand miles from where it once grew.
According to a report by National Geographic, the researcher found it has similarities with the silphion plant which line up with old botanical texts and images of the plant on Ancient Greek coins.
Ancient Silver Coin From Cyrene Depicting Silphium. Credit: Wikimedia Commons
The researcher has noticed that both plants have the same thick branching root and yellow flowers. In addition, both have powerful medicinal purposes. Ferula Drudeana has anticancer compounds and anti-inflammatory properties much like those known to be found in silphium.
Even though Ferula Drudeana is found hundreds of miles from where it originated, according to Miski, it has been found in two locations in Turkey, which were once home to Ancient Greeks thousands of years ago. One of these locations is Cappadocia.
Analysis Shows Similar Medicinal Compounds As The Ancient Plant
Miski, who specializes in pharmacognosy, the study of medicines derived from natural sources, first encountered the modern plant he now believes to be silphion while conducting postdoctoral research. He had received a grant to collect specimens of Ferula, which is in the same family as carrots, fennel, and parsley, and has the reputation for yielding many novel disease-fighting compounds.
While Miski was studying the plants on Mount Hassan, he determined it had thirty secondary metabolites that have medical purposes. Among the compounds are many have cancer-fighting, contraceptive, and anti-inflammatory properties. Miski believes that future analyses of the plant will reveal the existence of dozens of yet-to-be-identified compounds of medical interest.
On Mount Hassan, Miski also encountered caretakers of the plants who informed him sheep and goats are fond of the leaves, as is mentioned in Pliny’s record of the ancient silphion.
According to Pliny’s records, sheep and goats would graze in pastures where silphion grew. The sheep would fall asleep after consuming it, and it caused goats to sneeze. His text reads: “The juice of this plant is called ‘laser’ and it is greatly in vogue for medicinal as well as other purposes, being sold at the same rate as silver. For these many years past, however, it has not been found in Cyrenaica.”
According to a 2021 study published in the journal Plants by Miski and his team, Ferula drudeana had similarities with the silphion as described in ancient text and depicted on Cyrenaican coins: from thick branching roots to celery-like leaves.
A Coin of Magas of Cyrene c. 300–282/75 BC. The Reverse Side Depicts Silphium. Credit: Wikimedia CommonE
However, similarity in appearance wasn’t the only compelling link. It is said that the first silphion appeared after a “heavy spring downpour,” which, in those days, was called “black rain.”
According to Miski and his team, “We find it stated by the most trustworthy among the Greek writers…that this plant made its appearance near the gardens of the Hesperides and the Greater Syrtis immediately after the earth had been soaked on…by a shower as black as pitch.” This event took place seven years prior to the foundation of the city of Cyrenae.
Miski observed that when rains came to Cappadocia in April, Ferula Drudeana would spring from the ground, growing up to six feet in just a month.
Moreover, as ancient silphion resisted cultivation, it had to be harvested in the wild. It is said that Cyrenaic nobles entrusted its cultivation to desert nomads. Two attempts reported by Hippocrates to transplant it to mainland Greece failed. Similarly, Miski found that Ferula Drudeana is difficult to transplant. He found that the only way it could be done was by using cold stratification, a process of subjecting seeds to both cold and moist conditions. By utilizing this technique, Miski and his team were able to grow Ferula in a greenhouse.
One of the main reasons Ferula had not immediately been identified as silphion is mainly because of its location. However, as Miski had discovered, the region in Turkey where Mount Hasan sits was home to ancient Greeks thousands of years ago, and these people could have easily transported the plant.
Erica Rowan, an associate professor in archaeobotany at Royal Holloway University of London, finds Miski’s speculations plausible. “The ancients were very good at transporting things,” Rowan points out. “There’s no reason why people from Cyrenaica couldn’t have brought the seeds to Cappadocia and planted them. They’re similar enough with a Mediterranean climate. And this Ferula species does look like what’s shown on the coins.”
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see this color?
this is vermilion pigment, which is made of ground cinnabar ore. it was such a bright red that it may or may not have changed the course of art pigments as a whole, and both ancient and medieval artists loved it. i did a write up for class about it which i'm going to stick under the read more in case you're interested because, as my friend put it, tumblr loves weirdly specific information:
Vermilion is a brilliant, warm red pigment extensively used in ancient times through the 20th century. Especially coveted during the time of the Romans, the word derives from the Latin word vermes. This root refers to the scale insect kermes found on oak trees that, when dried and crushed, produced a rich red dye now known as crimson. True vermilion, however, comes from a very different source: cinnabar, the most common source ore of oxidized mercury (named for the Roman god of war: Mars). This toxic mineral forms in crusts and veins near volcanic activity and hot springs. The first documented use of vermilion predates even the Romans; evidence of ground cinnabar dating back to 8000-7000 BCE has been discovered in the neolithic village Catalhoyuk in modern day Turkey. Vitruvius describes cinnabar’s appearance in book 7 of his series The Ten Books on Architecture: “First, before getting to the vermilion itself by methods of treatment, they dig out what is called the clod, an ore like iron, but rather of a reddish colour and covered with a red dust.” This ore (pictured below) only needed to be finely ground to create a brilliant red pigment.
The Romans adored this pigment despite its scarcity and price. According to Pliny in Natural Histories, the best cinnabar was sourced from the Almaden mine in Sisapu. He wrote also that the best mines were property of the state, and “nothing is more carefully guarded. It is forbidden to break up or refine the cinnabar on the spot. They send it to Rome in its natural condition, under seal, to the extent of some ten thousand pounds a year. The sales price is fixed by law to keep it from becoming impossibly expensive, and the price is fixed to seventy sesterces a pound.” This price (10 times that of red ochre) was for the highest quality of vermilion (which was usually liver-colored) and the only truly vibrant red known to the ancients.
Powdered vermilion was used in a variety of ways during ancient times. Many frescoes uncovered in Pompeii feature vibrant red made from vermilion, despite its price. It was known as the most expensive pigment used by the Romans for wall painting. Numerous walls from the Villa dei Misteri (Villa of Mysteries) are painted with vermilion (pictured below), and a jar of powdered pigment was excavated in the shop below the villa. It had its uses beyond decorations, too: Pliny wrote that worshipers ritualistically applied it to their bodies and on the faces of statues of Jupiter (Zeus) during holidays and festivals, as vermilion carried great importance and sacred associations. Outside of Rome, the pigment would be applied to skulls and other bones as part of burial rituals in neolithic cultures in Anatolia, China, Galilee (Judaea), Spain, and Syria, and some ancient Native American cultures. It was also used in jewelry-making during the Iron Age by Iberian cultures, and the Achaemenid (Persian) Empire used the paint as a bedding for gemstones to enhance the red vibrancy of translucent carnelian stone inlays.
As time passed, the need for larger and finer quantities of vermilion increased, and alternative methods of creating the red pigment arose. It is unknown who discovered how to make mercury from cinnabar via removing the sulfur and vice versa to create vermilion, although it was likely done by an alchemist trying to produce gold (which ancient alchemists believed to be red-based and thus linked to this pigment). The Greek alchemist Zosimus of Panopolis in Southern Egypt insinuated that he had a secret recipe for artificial vermilion sometime around 300 CE, but the first description was found in Compositiones ad Tigenda (Recipes for Coloring), a Latin manuscript from the 8th century. Some of the manuscript is in Greek, so it is possible that the scribe copied it from a Hellenistic dictation, therefore indicating that the manufacture of vermilion had been known beforehand. By the 12th century, there was a clear recipe and process outlined by the Benedictine monk Theophilus, who wrote down what would become known as dry method vermilion.
To create the pigment, one needed to combine mercury and sulfur, then heat the two together. When simply mixed, the two elements create a black mercury sulfide known as aethiops mineralis. However, upon heating at the proper temperature, the mixture vaporizes and re-condenses in the top of the flask in which it was combined. Upon breaking the jar, the black mixture could be collected and then ground down. The powder then turns red as the color develops, becoming brighter and brighter as it is pulverized. This process was a source of great interest to medieval alchemists, as a transformation and combination of mercury and sulfur, and a possible gateway to gold. Mercury’s appearance and chemical behavior were the basis of a large section of alchemical theory and practice, and it and sulfur were seen as the parents of all metals. To combine the two into a likeness of cinnabar was greatly respected and devoutly practiced. However, this method could be incredibly dangerous if not done carefully, as the mercury fumes from improperly sealed vessels was extremely poisonous. In an effort to prevent harm, the Venice government banned this practice in 1294.
Undeterred by the danger, medieval artists greatly favored this pigment and used it excessively. Vermilion was used alongside gold leaf and ultramarine for manuscript capitals and on tempera panels. The pigment would be mixed with egg yolk to product a brilliant red paint that ranged from an orange toned scarlet or a violet hue with high intensity and pigment quality. In the 14th and 15th centuries, vermilion that had been tempered and become dingy would sometimes be mixed with saffron or walnut bark to produce a warmer tone. The paint was normally paired with vivid blues, greens, and yellows, as medieval artists believed it should be used alongside other beautiful and precious colors. Vermilion’s importance in art history cannot be understated: without it, it is likely that the middle ages would not have developed the high standards of coloring upheld in their works, and would have had less use for other bold colors invented after the 12th century.
However, this pigment had one fatal flaw: it inexplicably and unpredictably turned black. This process did not occur due to chemical changes or by direct sunlight, but rather a rearrangement in the structure of the mercury sulfide. The causes for this change are still not fully understood, but it seems to be less likely to occur in tempera or oil paintings under reasonable conditions, but seemed to affect lime paintings enough that it was not recommended for wall painting. Small amounts of blackening have been observed in some medieval manuscripts, but it is unknown if that was due to the vermilion or because of what it was mixed with, like white or orange lead. Luckily, most medieval paintings have survived and still shine a bright red today.
^ You can see the darkening of the horse's bridle in The Battle of San Romano (1435) by Paolo Uccello.
This pigment became less common after oil paint became the art medium of choice in the 15th century onwards, as the pigment presented as quite transparent in an oil base and other vibrant red pigments became available. It still had its uses, however: it was used as a glazing layer for oils and continued to be widely utilized in tempera and lacquer work. Da Vinci used vermilion in another application: as a grounding layer for his paintings.
Despite its translucence in oil, vermilion was still the most vibrant red and retained its popularity enough that alchemists still experimented with other methods of synthesis. A new technique for the manufacture of vermilion was discovered in 1687 by German chemist Gottfried Schulz, who created the Dutch method or wet method. In this process, mercury and melted sulfur were mashed together to create black mercury sulfide, then heated in a distiller to produce vapors that condensed into bright red crystals. The sulfur was then removed by treated the crystals with a strong alkali, then washed and ground under water to yield pigment powder. This process is still used today.
Cost and toxicity notwithstanding, vermilion still held the position of the primary red pigment used by European painters from the Renaissance through the 20th century, when it was almost entirely replaced by cadmium red. Today, genuine vermilion pigment is mainly manufactured in China, where it is still widely used in lacquerware and other art.
^ a lacquerware dish from the Ming Dynasty, 15th-16th cen CE
Thanks for reading this far! Images are from wikipedia. DM me if you'd like my sources :)
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What is the Meaning of Luxury Property?
When it comes to real estate in Turkey, the term "luxury property" is often used to describe high-end premium properties that are designed and built with the finest materials and craftsmanship, and come with modern features and amenities.
The definition of a luxury property can vary depending on the market and location. Generally, a luxury property is an exclusive property that provides exceptional comfort, convenience, and an increase in the quality of life. The term "luxury" implies exclusivity, elegance, and sophistication, and is often associated with high prices.
Originally published at Luxury Property for Sale in Bursa
#real estate#turkey#property#istanbul property#investment in turkey#real estate in turkey#istanbul real estate#istanbul#luxury
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ISTANBUL—Since the start of its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Russia has provided a lifeline of people and money for Turkey—and received plenty of benefits in return.
Over the past year, Russians have flooded into Turkey in droves. Many are buying up property, whereas others came to escape conscription into the army, bank their savings outside Russian President Vladimir Putin’s sanctioned economy, or open businesses; last year alone, Russians opened 1,363 new companies in Turkey. At immigration offices throughout Turkey’s biggest cities, it’s now mostly Russians applying for residence permits, and more than 155,000 of them have been granted, according to Turkish government data.
Turkey and its economy have mostly welcomed the newcomers and their cash. To an extent, they have—at least temporarily—changed the faces of Turkish cities, such as Istanbul or Antalya. Rent has shot up, but natural gas prices have remained low; coffee shops are crowded with Russian visitors; and even the occasional billboard is now in Cyrillic.
For Turkey, maintaining and even deepening relations with Russia while also maintaining its place as one of NATO’s biggest members is a tricky but much-needed balancing act. Turkey is squeezed between Iran and the West, has a land border with Syria, controls the Black Sea’s only access to the ocean, and has a maritime border with Ukraine and Russia. Since the war began, Turkey has managed to prop up both the Ukrainian military effort and Russia’s war-battered economy.
On its northern shores, Turkey has supplied Ukraine with drones—used to great effect against Russian forces—and helped negotiate a deal that allows Ukrainian grain to be shipped out of Black Sea ports. At the same time, Turkey has stepped up its purchases of Russian gas and oil and partially helped shield Moscow from punishing sanctions.
For Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan, it’s a devil’s bargain born of his own geopolitical, political, and economic needs. Erdogan faces perhaps his most challenging election in May, and Russian support might just help carry him through.
“Russia and Turkey: That’s a marriage of convenience,” said Alper Coskun, a senior fellow at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. It certainly isn’t an easy marriage.
In 2015, relations between the two nations soured when Turkey shot down a Russian jet that violated its airspace in southeastern Turkey on the Syrian border. In June 2016, Erdogan apologized and signaled readiness to restore ties. A month later, Russia offered help to Erdogan after a failed coup attempt in Turkey.
To Turkey, Russia offers an opportunity, but it also poses a threat. An aggressive Russia controlling Ukrainian coastal cities certainly isn’t in Turkey’s interest, but neither is the rise of a Kurdish statelet in northern Syria. Since 2014, the United States has supported Kurdish fighters in northern Syria, whereas Turkey claims the Kurdish militias have deep ties with the militant-political Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), a designated terrorist organization by Turkey, the United States, and the European Union. Russia has been on the other end in Syria, supporting Syrian President Bashar al-Assad.
Turkey’s support to Ukraine is not a game-changer in the war though, said independent Moscow-based Russia expert Kerim Has. “Military aid is certainly there, and it shouldn’t be underestimated, but it’s not crossing Moscow’s red lines. Turkey is not sending tanks or fighter jets. It’s at a tolerable level for the Kremlin.”
Economically, especially since its full-scale invasion of Ukraine, Russia has propped up Turkey’s economy with huge inflows of capital, even turning a blind eye to Ankara’s limited military support for Kyiv. The two countries are currently negotiating a potential gas discount, and Turkey has asked Russia to postpone gas payments until 2024, offering at least temporary economic relief.
It’s still a two-way street. For the isolated and sanctioned Kremlin, Turkey has become a financial safe haven. Last year, trade between the two countries amounted to an estimated $70 billion, with Turkey one of Russia’s biggest trading partners. At the same time, hundreds of Western companies are looking at circumventing sanctions by opening up offices in Turkey to continue trade with Russia, Turkish newspaper Hurriyet Daily News reported.
Ahead of Turkey’s May 14 elections, Putin’s moves to empower Erdogan are his best bet.
“Putin doesn’t really have any other choice, so it’s a pragmatic approach,” Has said. “While Erdogan isn’t always a reliable partner for Moscow, Putin doesn’t have a better alternative to work with in Turkey and beyond: All other alternatives are more pro-Western leaders.”
For Turkey, pragmatism rules too. Geographically and militarily, Turkey places itself with the Western block and has been a vital ally for the West, but economically, Turkey has no other option but to work with Russia. “If Russia cuts gas to Turkey, it would be a disaster,” Has said. “Likewise, if the Turkish economy collapses, European banks will also suffer with the number of loans Turkey has taken from them.”
Still, like all marriages—of convenience or otherwise—there is plenty of history and potential friction on the horizon. Erdogan recognizes Russia as a reality in the Black Sea region, especially with the United States largely absent economically and militarily. “Erdogan has adapted to this: the U.S.’s shifting focus away from the Black Sea region,” said Muhammet Kocak, an Ankara-based independent foreign affairs analyst.
Still, historic animosities and long-term rivalry could return to trump today’s immediate economic and political symbiosis, he said.
“Due to its partnership with Russia, Turkey has addressed its immediate, mostly Syria-related security issues but, at the same time, values its NATO membership and security alliance with the West,” Kocak added. “In the long run, Russia remains a historic competitor and threat to Turkey’s security. These dynamics likely outweigh the economic advantages.”
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Invest In the Thriving Real Estate in Turkey to Impress Your Boss
Looking at the prices of properties in Turkey they are still relatively low compared to many cities in Europe or even America. This is correct for real estate required for prestige areas or cities like Istanbul. Turkey, in general, is cheaper than many Western countries but rental yields can, all the same, be good generating reasonable returns to investors. Now, if someone wants to invest in long-term capital gains, which can be obtained by investing in Real Estate In Turkey one could do nothing but see a great result in terms of an increase in the value of existing property.
Source URL: https://websarticle.com/invest-in-the-thriving-real-estate-in-turkey-to-impress-your-boss/
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Sodium Tetraborate Prices Trend | Pricing | News | Database | Chart
Sodium Tetraborate, commonly known as borax, is a crucial compound in various industries due to its versatile properties and wide range of applications. As a result, its pricing trends are closely monitored by manufacturers, distributors, and end-users. The global sodium tetraborate market has experienced dynamic price fluctuations over the past few years, influenced by factors such as supply chain disruptions, raw material costs, demand fluctuations, and geopolitical developments. These variations have made sodium tetraborate prices a significant topic of interest for businesses looking to forecast costs and maintain profitability.
One of the primary factors affecting the price of sodium tetraborate is the availability of boron, the raw material used to produce it. Boron is mined from natural sources, with significant deposits located in Turkey, the United States, and Argentina. Changes in mining output or export regulations in these regions can directly impact the supply of boron and, consequently, the price of sodium tetraborate. For instance, if a major boron producer reduces its output or imposes export restrictions, the limited supply can lead to an increase in prices. Conversely, the discovery of new boron reserves or improved mining technologies can enhance supply, potentially leading to price reductions.
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Another crucial aspect influencing sodium tetraborate prices is its demand across various industries. The compound is widely used in the glass, ceramics, agriculture, detergents, and pharmaceutical industries. A surge in demand from any of these sectors can create upward pressure on prices. For example, the glass industry, which relies on sodium tetraborate for manufacturing fiberglass and specialty glass, has seen consistent growth due to increased construction and automotive activities. This has contributed to a steady rise in demand, often pushing prices higher. On the other hand, a slowdown in industrial activities, such as during global economic downturns, can lead to a decrease in demand, exerting downward pressure on prices.
Global trade policies and geopolitical factors also play a significant role in shaping the pricing trends of sodium tetraborate. Trade agreements, tariffs, and restrictions on boron exports from major producing countries can alter the global supply landscape. For instance, any trade disputes or sanctions involving key boron-exporting nations can disrupt supply chains, leading to price volatility. Similarly, geopolitical tensions in regions with significant boron deposits can affect mining operations and export capabilities, further influencing the price trajectory of sodium tetraborate.
Environmental regulations and sustainability concerns have also become critical in determining the cost of sodium tetraborate. As industries and governments worldwide focus on reducing environmental impact, stricter regulations are being imposed on mining and chemical production processes. Compliance with these regulations often requires investments in cleaner technologies and sustainable practices, which can increase production costs. These additional costs are typically passed down the supply chain, contributing to higher prices for sodium tetraborate. Furthermore, the growing preference for environmentally friendly alternatives in certain applications may also shift demand patterns, impacting overall pricing.
Energy prices represent another significant cost driver for sodium tetraborate production. The extraction and refinement of boron and the subsequent production of sodium tetraborate are energy-intensive processes. Fluctuations in energy costs, particularly in regions heavily reliant on fossil fuels, can directly affect production expenses. For example, a surge in oil or natural gas prices can lead to higher operational costs for producers, resulting in increased prices for the end product. Conversely, advancements in renewable energy integration or declines in energy prices can help stabilize production costs and, by extension, sodium tetraborate prices.
The global logistics and transportation landscape also play a pivotal role in determining sodium tetraborate prices. As a widely traded commodity, sodium tetraborate is transported across continents to meet industrial and consumer needs. Changes in transportation costs, driven by fuel prices, shipping rates, or supply chain disruptions, can significantly affect the final price of the product. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the vulnerability of global supply chains, with transportation bottlenecks and port closures causing delays and increased costs for many commodities, including sodium tetraborate.
Currency fluctuations and economic conditions in major producing and consuming countries further add to price volatility. Since sodium tetraborate is traded internationally, its pricing is influenced by exchange rate variations. A weaker currency in a major exporting country can make exports cheaper and more competitive on the global market, potentially lowering prices. Conversely, a stronger currency can have the opposite effect. Additionally, economic factors such as inflation, interest rates, and industrial growth rates in key markets play a role in shaping demand and pricing dynamics.
Market competition and technological advancements also influence sodium tetraborate prices. The presence of multiple producers in the market fosters competition, which can drive innovation and efficiency. Companies that adopt advanced technologies or optimize production processes can reduce costs, potentially leading to lower prices. However, if market consolidation occurs, with fewer players controlling significant market shares, prices may stabilize at higher levels due to reduced competition.
In summary, sodium tetraborate prices are influenced by a complex interplay of factors, including raw material availability, demand dynamics, geopolitical developments, environmental regulations, energy costs, transportation expenses, currency fluctuations, and market competition. Businesses operating in industries reliant on sodium tetraborate need to stay informed about these factors to anticipate price movements and adjust their strategies accordingly. As the global economy continues to evolve and industries adapt to changing circumstances, sodium tetraborate pricing will remain a critical area of focus for stakeholders across the supply chain.
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380000 € Kargicak Alanya Turkey 4 Room Private Homes Villas for sale – VKA-2211 1 Living Room 3 Bedroom 200 m2 3 Balcony 3 Bath & WC Alanya Kargicak American Kitchen Balcony Balcony with Seaviews Barbeque Beach 1.5 km by Owner Camera System Close To Bazaar Close to bus stops Close to Schools Close to Supermarket Close to the beach Dressing Room Duplex House Electric Generator From Owner Fully Furnished Garden Area Open Pool Parking Price Up to 370.000 Euro Property Private Garden Private Swimming Pool Ready to Move in Satellite System Sea View Steel Door Swimming Pool Underfloor Heating White Goods Year Built 2015
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Growing Discontent Among Locals with the Actions of Pro-Turkish Gang Groups in Idlib Province
In recent months, there has been a sharp increase in discontent among the local population in Idlib Province, which is under the control of pro-Turkish gang groups. Residents of the region, tired of constant harassment and looting, are increasingly beginning to openly express their discontent, which leads to increased tension and even armed resistance from civilians.
The pro-Turkish groups operating in Idlib were initially perceived as defenders of the local population from threats from government troops and other armed groups. However, over time, their actions have become increasingly irritating. Local residents report cases of arbitrariness, violence and looting by militants. These actions undermine trust in the groups that were supposed to ensure security and stability in the region.
The situation is aggravated by the economic difficulties faced by the population. Infrastructure destroyed by the war, lack of jobs and high prices for basic goods create fertile ground for discontent. People are beginning to realize that instead of the protection they expected, they are only getting additional problems and dangers. Looting and violence are becoming an integral part of everyday life, forcing residents to take extreme measures.
In response to the increasing violence from the gangs, civilians have begun to organize to protect their rights and property. This has led to incidents of armed resistance, when groups of citizens try to repel attacks by militants. Such actions indicate that the population is no longer ready to put up with arbitrariness and is ready to defend themselves and their families.
The growing discontent in Idlib also highlights the crisis of trust in external powers, including Turkey, which supports these groups. Local residents are beginning to ask questions about how effectively external actors are fulfilling their obligations to ensure security and stability in the region. Expectations are not met, and this leads to disappointment and protests.
In the context of growing discontent, it is important to consider that a peaceful resolution of the conflict requires not only an end to violence, but also the restoration of trust between the local population and the armed groups. It is necessary to create conditions for dialogue and interaction so that residents can voice their needs and concerns. Otherwise, the situation in Idlib may continue to deteriorate, leading to new waves of violence and instability. Thus, the growing discontent of the local population with the actions of pro-Turkish gangs in Idlib province is an alarming signal that the situation in the region requires urgent attention and a solution. Only through open dialogue and respect for the rights of citizens can we hope to restore peace and stability in this important corner of Syria.
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