#Tricia Nixon Cox
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#richard nixon#tricia nixon cox#edward f. cox#pat nixon#julie nixon eisenhower#david eisenhower#president#first lady#70's#early 70's#the white house#vintage#washington d.c.
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[During his time in the Texas Air National Guard] there were a stream a reminders that George W. Bush wasn't just another rank-and-file military pilot.
The most memorable came in early 1969 when his father [George H.W. Bush], who was throwing a party at Washington's Alibi Club for Apollo 8's commander, Frank Borman, called his son with a proposition. "How would you like to fly up to Washington for a dinner with an astronaut?" he asked in a phone call, adding that he had also invited first daughter Tricia Nixon. "I thought it might be fun if you took her to the party," he said. Taken aback and noncommittal at first, George W. accepted the blind date only after betting his doubtful flight school buddies that the invitation was real. He found himself fifty dollars richer when a military plane later arrived at Moody [Air Force Base] to whisk him off to Washington for the occasion.
In spite of his father's best matchmaking intentions, the date ended up a bust. What started less than auspiciously, with George W. entering through the gates of the White House for the first time in his life -- behind the wheel of a purple AMC Gremlin, complete with Levi's denim seats, that he had borrowed from his parents -- ended up with the President's elder daughter asking to return home just after dinner. "Being a swashbuckling pilot, I had taken to drink," George W. recalled of the date much later. "I reached for some butter, knocked over a glass and watched in horror as a stain of red wine crept across the table. Then I fired up a cigarette prompting a polite suggestion from Tricia that I not smoke." When he returned to the dinner after escorting Ms. Nixon home, a friend of his father discreetly asked, "Get any?" Not even close, Bush replied.
-- George W. Bush's disastrous blind date with President Richard Nixon's eldest daughter, Tricia Nixon, in 1969, as recounted by Mark K. Updegrove in The Last Republicans: Inside the Extraordinary Relationship Between George H.W. Bush and George W. Bush (BOOK | KINDLE | AUDIO)
#History#Presidents#George W. Bush#Bush 43#President Bush#George H.W. Bush#Richard Nixon#President Nixon#Tricia Nixon#First Families#First Daughters#First Sons#First Children#Children of the Presidents#Presidential Families#Presidential Children#Before They Were President#Political History#Politics#The Last Republicans#Mark K. Updegrove#The Last Republicans: Inside the Extraordinary Relationship Between George H.W. Bush and George W. Bush#Presidential Relationships#Bush Family#Nixon Family#Tricia Nixon Cox
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#OTD 11/7/1972 President and Mrs. Nixon were greeted by Tricia Nixon Cox, Edward Cox, Julie Nixon Eisenhower, and David Eisenhower on their return to the White House. Earlier in the day, the President and First Lady cast their ballots in the 1972 presidential election at their polling place, Concordia Elementary School in San Clemente. (Image: WHPO-D0948-22A)
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Oliver's Twist
DECEMBER SUNLIGHT GLINTS OFF the bald, bronze head of a statue of the ever-serene Buddha, sitting in the lush backyard of a Mediterranean villa in Santa Monica. A few paces away, in a living room filled with Asian antiques, two more personages—also plump and sparsely haired—radiate inner peace. One is Tara Stone, 5 weeks old and deep in slumber. The other is her father—upon whose chest Tara sleeps as he lounges on an overstuffed sofa.
While Tara's mother, Chong Son Chong, 36, a Korean émigré and former actress and model, putters elsewhere in the house, the father smiles with deep satisfaction, dipping a finger into one of Tara's white booties to touch her baby skin. "She can feel my heart," says director Oliver Stone. "She's made me a happy man." He speaks again, examining the word like a flower: "Happiness."
Wait, wait—who is this zen, beatific puppy? The Oliver Stone we know is an angry, self-described provocateur. The familiar Stone is the one who, a couple of years ago, dismissed those who doubted the baroque conspiracy theories behind his film JFK as "chick s-t." He is a director so notorious for on-set tirades that Anthony Hopkins, who plays the title role in Stone's latest dive into history, Nixon, has said he expected "a kind of caveman." But while Stone doesn't deny there are brutish aspects to his character, he insists they are mere brush strokes—not the whole portrait. "There's no appreciation," he says, "that there's another side of me."
Stone now wants the world to see that other side. Chastened by the acrimonious end in 1993 of his 12-year marriage to his second wife, Elizabeth, 46—who lives with the couple's two sons, Sean, 11, and Michael, 4—the director insists he has embarked on a fresh, clear path in life. He has a new child, and a new relationship, with Chong. In their generally positive reviews of Nixon, critics, while not defending him against persuasive claims that he has taken his customary liberties with historical fact, have praised Stone's newfound "restraint." A Buddhist since he embraced the religion while making his 1993 saga of the Vietnamese experience of the war, Heaven & Earth, Stone says he has also found a degree of spiritual tranquility. In short, Oliver Stone wants us to know that at age 49 he believes he is growing up.
There are some signs it may be true—one being his decidedly un-Stone-like response to criticism of Nixon. Before it opened—to very disappointing box office business—the late President's normally private daughters, Tricia Nixon Cox, 49, and Julie Nixon Eisenhower, 47, read a script and issued a statement through the Nixon Library in Yorba Linda, Calif., decrying the movie as "character assassination." Since then, seemingly every Nixon Administration official, and a number of historians and neutral observers, have weighed in in a similar vein. "It is a despicable fairy tale," says former Treasury Secretary William Simon. "This is a vicious attack on a man," says onetime White House Chief-of-Staff Gen. Alexander Haig. Though Stone hasn't shrunk from defending his work, his responses have been far more measured than in the past. He wrote this month to John Taylor, head of Nixon Library, to suggest he convene a symposium on the late President's image, adding, "I understand the feelings you have about [the film]." In his turn, Taylor—who calls the movie sadistic—says he will invite Stone to a planned conference on movies about recent U.S. history.
Ironically, there are numerous parallels between Stone's life and Nixon's. Nixon, no matter how successful, never found personal peace; Stone has seemed equally driven. Growing up in New York City as the only child of Louis Stone (a stockbroker who died in 1985) and his wife, Jacqueline, Stone, like Nixon, rarely received much affection from his father. "Louis would never kiss Oliver," says Jacqueline. "He would shake his hand." Stone says his mother was loving but caught up in New York's arty social whirl. "When she was [home], she was perfect," he says. "But it was continual abandonment."
Compelled, perhaps, by a child's sense of powerlessness, Stone sought control. "He was not like other children—he was conscientious, tidy," says his mother. At age 6 on family visits to France, she says, he called upon his cousins to perform in sketches he wrote—and charged adults two francs to attend the show. "Oliver was the leader, and his cousins did the work. Oliver likes to have it his own way."
Behind it all, Stone says, "I was very insecure." The feeling intensified in 1960 when Stone was sent off to the Hill School in Pottstown, Pa., where he never felt he fit in. "I was nobody special," he says. "I felt invisible." Then, in his sophomore year, his parents divorced amid accusations of mutual infidelities, and Stone learned his father was deeply in debt. Stone's biographer, James Riordan, sees this as a formative moment. "After that, the whole world is like his parents," says Riordan, whose authorized bio, Stone, appeared last month. "There's always something deeper than the surface truth."
Hoping to find that something deeper, Stone says, "I took off into the world alone." He left Yale after his freshman year in 1965 to teach English in Vietnam. But he became bored and, craving to know "the bottom of life," enlisted in 1967 as an Army infantryman and was sent back to Vietnam. After a few weeks, he says, "I was becoming a jungle animal. I started out cerebral and civilized, and within two months I was operating on instinct."
Like many other soldiers, he was also operating on a range of drugs, from marijuana to LSD. After his discharge in 1968 he returned to the U.S. a heavy and indiscriminate user—a problem that plagued Stone, he says, until 1981, when he kicked a cocaine habit cold turkey.
Soon after he came home, drawing on a talent for writing stories and looking, he has said, for a way to "channel my rage" at the injustice he perceived in Vietnam, he enrolled in New York University's film program, graduating in 1971. After years of writing while getting by on odd jobs, he hit it big, winning the Best Screenplay Oscar in 1978 with Midnight Express.
The rage didn't disappear. James Woods, who starred in Stone's breakout film as a director, 1986's Salvador (and who plays White House Chief of Staff H.R. Haldeman in Nixon), recalls how he and Stone would pound one another's heads on the floor of their Mexican inn over artistic disagreements. "He bends you out of shape," says Woods. "He keeps you on edge—but he gets performances you didn't know you had to give."
Anger has made an imprint, in one way or another, on every Stone project, from Platoon, Wall Street and Born on the Fourth of July to JFK, Natural Born Killers and, now, Nixon. Stone himself sees its source as fear. "It has taken many forms in my life," he says. "I can get a stab of fear anytime. Sometimes you can handle it, sometimes you can't. I can get moody and defensive." Or, friends say, turn it on others. When he filmed her autobiography in Heaven & Earth, says writer Le Ly Hayslip, Stone could be a bully. "His energy is too strong," she says. "He knows he can make people respect and fear him."
Which may be why he received such a comeuppance in his wrenching divorce from Elizabeth Cox, whom he met when she served as an assistant on his 1981 thriller, The Hand. (Stone's six-year first marriage to Najwa Sarkis, 56, an attaché at the Moroccan mission to the U.N., ended in 1977. They had no children.) During the last few years of their marriage, Stone had numerous affairs, and, in an act of colossal hubris—one Richard Nixon would sympathize with—Stone kept graphic accounts of his extramarital relations in his diaries. Elizabeth found them.
Today Stone's sense of chastisement is clear. "You lose your kids—it is so sad," he says. "I only get a little portion of them now." Then a bit of his old sense of grievance creeps in. "American divorce laws are very tough," he says. "For whatever reason, the system is geared to destroy people." Still, he hopes to rebuild some trust with his ex. "We're trying to work out a friendship," he says.
It is one project among many. He is busy revising an autobiographical novel he wrote at 19. There is Memphis, a film he is developing about the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.—lest we think the new Oliver Stone will be moving on to romantic comedy. And there is Tara, named for the Buddhist deity of compassion. As Stone plays with the child, his face splits in a gap-toothed grin. "I've got a bond with her," he says. "There's a special relationship between a daughter and her father."
Tara's mother, whom Stone met at a New York City nightclub in 1994, says little about herself, except that "the baby makes me happy." Their pairing is, for Stone, uniquely honest. According to Jacqueline, her son has been frank with Chong. "He's said he will not marry her." His need for love, she says, "has been filled by Tara."
Stone would agree. "Love kills the demons," he says, standing, as Chong enters the room and reaches to take the child. But Stone pauses, bends over and kisses their baby girl—once, twice, three times—on the forehead. "I love these moments," he says. "I just don't have enough of them."
-Gregory Cerio, "Oliver's Twist," People magazine, Jan 22 1996
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Moon at the 1974 National Prayer Breakfast
From WIOTM
In 1974, in the midst of Moon’s “Forgive, Love, Unite” campaign and rallies in support of Nixon, Rev. Moon was invited to speak at the National Prayer Breakfast organized by the secretive political and religious organization, the Fellowship. The C-SPAN aired “National Prayer Breakfast” is an annual event held in Washington DC that brings together government officials, religious leaders, and other prominent figures to pray and discuss issues of national and international significance.
This Fellowship is known for influencing Washington’s leaders and for support and participating in covert operations all over the world to influence high-profile figures and, through such figures, the masses. According to a complaint filed by 13 pastors in the early 2000s, “A secretive religious group that operates a congressional boardinghouse near the US Capitol might have used money from a terrorist organization to fund overseas trips for certain members of Congress.”
As reported in UC publications, a “post-breakfast rally at Lafayette Park brought out Edward and Tricia Nixon Cox, the son-in-law and daughter of 37th U.S. President Richard Nixon, who greeted well-wishers who rallied to ‘Forgive, Love and Unite’ as an answer to the Watergate Crisis.” This was around the time Moon was able to meet with Nixon, reportedly telling him, “Don’t knuckle under to pressure. Stand up for your convictions.”
When Moon spoke to the National Prayer Breakfast, his address was not his usual rambling about God’s providence of restoration or “convex and concave” but rather a message of gratitude for the event. That being said, it was not without controversy for a messiah claimant to be speaking to the USA’s foremost Christian leaders.
The Unification Church’s involvement with the National Prayer Breakfast was widely criticized by religious and political figures who felt that the event was opportunistically being used by Moon and his organization. Some argued that Moon’s theological teachings, which included a belief in his own divine nature, were incompatible with traditional Christian beliefs and therefore did not belong at a prayer breakfast that was supposed to be ecumenical in nature. Vocal opponents included Billy Graham, who openly questioned the theological teachings of its founder, Rev. Sun Myung Moon.
One of the most prominent critics of the Unification Church’s involvement with the National Prayer Breakfast was the late Rev. James Robinson, an evangelical leader who was a strong opponent of Moon and his theology. Like others, Robinson accused Moon of using the event to promote his own agenda and to gain political influence in the U.S. He also criticized the close relationship between Moon and members of the Reagan administration, who were often in attendance at the National Prayer Breakfast and were reportedly paid to give speeches in support of Moon and his organizations. Many members of the Reagan administration, including Attorney General Edwin Meese and White House Chief of Staff James Baker, were reportedly close to Rev. Moon and his followers, were often seen at the National Prayer Breakfast. In the 1980s-2000s, to look around the National Prayer Breakfast was to witness a room full of the USA’s top leaders who had at one point been paid by Moon.
The Moon organization (a phrase to describe this multi-tentacled network of organizations) continued to participate in the National Prayer Breakfast into the early 2000s, and to some degree have a presence through their Washington Times’ reps, though their involvement gradually declined over the years. In 2001, the Unification Church’s organizations launched the Inaugural Prayer Luncheon for Unity and Renewal, which featured respected Evangelical figures, such as the Southern Baptist Convention’s President James Merritt and Ed Young of Second Baptist Church. Rev. Moon also had a chance to speak. There was even a tribute to Billy Graham.
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Sun Myung Moon’s plan to influence US President Richard Nixon during his impeachment Unification Church Project Watergate 1973
Sun Myung Moon placed ads in newspapers all across the US. The above is from The New York Times. Statement on the Watergate crisis
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Sun Myung Moon: The Emperor of the Universe, transcript and links 1. “Rev Sun Myung Moon: Emperor of the Universe” documentary
. A BBC / A&E Network co-production, 2000 2. World Domination – Sun Myung Moon died before he could take over a single country.
The Moons’ God is not the God of Judeo-Christianity
How “God’s Day” was established by Sun Myung Moon in 1968
The Moon church is unequivocally not Christian
#Sun Myung Moon#Unification Church#Rev. James Robinson#Richard Nixon#National Prayer Breakfast#“Forgive Love Unite”#Project Watergate
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Moon at the National Prayer Breakfast
In 1974, in the midst of Moon’s “Forgive, Love, Unite” campaign and rallies in support of Nixon, Rev. Moon was invited to speak at the National Prayer Breakfast organized by the secretive political and religious organization, the Fellowship. The C-SPAN aired “National Prayer Breakfast” is an annual event held in Washington DC that brings together government officials, religious leaders, and other prominent figures to pray and discuss issues of national and international significance.
This Fellowship is known for influencing Washington’s leaders and for support and participating in covert operations all over the world to influence high-profile figures and, through such figures, the masses. According to a complaint filed by 13 pastors in the early 2000s, referring to the Fellowship as “a secretive religious group that operates a congressional boardinghouse near the US Capitol might have used money from a terrorist organization to fund overseas trips for certain members of Congress.”
As reported in UC publications, a “post-breakfast rally at Lafayette Park brought out Edward and Tricia Nixon Cox, the son-in-law and daughter of 37th U.S. President Richard Nixon, who greeted well-wishers who rallied to ‘Forgive, Love and Unite’ as an answer to the Watergate Crisis.” This was around the time Moon was able to meet with Nixon, reportedly telling him, "Don't knuckle under to pressure. Stand up for your convictions."
When Moon spoke to the National Prayer Breakfast, his address was not his usual rambling about God’s providence of restoration or “convex and concave” but rather a simple message of gratitude for the event. That being said, it was not without controversy for a messiah claimant to be speaking to the USA’s foremost Christian leaders.
The Unification Church's involvement with the National Prayer Breakfast was widely criticized by religious and political figures who felt that the event was opportunistically being used by Moon and his organization. Some argued that Moon's theological teachings, which included a belief in his own messianic nature, were incompatible with traditional Christian beliefs and therefore did not belong at a prayer breakfast that was supposed to be ecumenical in nature. Vocal opponents included Billy Graham, who openly questioned the theological teachings of its founder, Rev. Sun Myung Moon.
One of the most prominent critics of the Unification Church's involvement with the National Prayer Breakfast was the late Rev. James Robinson, an evangelical leader who was a strong opponent of Moon and his theology. Like others, Robinson accused Moon of using the event to promote his own agenda and to gain political influence in the U.S. He also criticized the close relationship between Moon and members of the Reagan administration, who were often in attendance at the National Prayer Breakfast and were reportedly paid to give speeches in support of Moon and his organizations. Many members of the Reagan administration, including Attorney General Edwin Meese and White House Chief of Staff James Baker, were reportedly close to Rev. Moon and his followers, were often seen at the National Prayer Breakfast. In the 1980s-2000s, to look around the National Prayer Breakfast was to witness a room full of the USA’s top leaders who had at one point been paid by Moon.
The Moon organization (a phrase to describe this multi-tentacled network of organizations) continued to participate in the National Prayer Breakfast into the early 2000s, and to some degree have a presence through their Washington Times’ reps, though their involvement gradually declined over the years. In 2001, the Unification Church’s organizations launched the Inaugural Prayer Luncheon for Unity and Renewal, which featured respected Evangelical figures, such as the Southern Baptist Convention's President James Merritt and Ed Young of Second Baptist Church. Rev. Moon also had a chance to speak. There was even a tribute to Billy Graham.
#evangelicalism#billy graham#southern baptist convention#unification church#the fellowship#national prayer breakfast#moonies#james merritt#ed young#reagan#ronald reagan#sun myung moon#nixon#richard nixon#unification church in the usa#unification church in the united states of america#unification church in the united states#american church#church history#unification church history#1974#Inaugural Prayer Luncheon for Unity and Renewal
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San Francisco' s world-famous art drag troupe The Cockettes portray Tricia Nixon's wedding to Edward Cox on June 11, 1971. Hurtme O. Hurtme, a fictitious television correspondent, covers the wedding and interviews "celebrities" in attendance who include Golda Mier, Indira Gandhi, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Queen Elizabeth, and Dame Elizabeth Taylor. Coretta Scott King (played by Sylvester) sings and during the reception, Eartha Kitt puts LSD in the punch before all hell breaks loose.
https://sfpl.kanopy.com/video/tricias-wedding
#the cockettes#cockettes#sylvester#sylvester james#bearded queen#drag#art drag#hippie#tricia's wedding#1971
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Watch "50 years ago today - Tricia Nixon and Edward Cox were Married in the White House Rose Garden" on YouTube
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Richard Nixon in Central Park with his daughter Tricia Nixon Cox and his grandson Christopher, 4th April 1980
(Part 2)
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Not to burst anyone’s bubble of “the Obama’s are just like us!” but the girls had multiple after school activities before coming to the White House “ as the Associated Press reported: "soccer, dance and drama for Malia, gymnastics and tap for Sasha, piano and tennis for both."” which takes money. A lot of money. Their school? “ the same school that Chelsea Clinton, Tricia Nixon Cox, and Archibald Roosevelt attended and that the grandchildren of Vice President Joe Biden attend.” Malia’s interning work was equally exceptional and inaccessible to regular people, “As a high school student, Malia Obama spent a portion of the summer in 2014 and 2015 working in television studios in New York and Los Angeles.[27] She spent the summer of 2016 working as an intern in the U.S. Embassy in Madrid, Spain.” And while Sasha is here shown to have a “normal” summer job, I have worked a normal job with the child of rich parents.
@littlestartopaz Remember Wade? the rich boy who worked with us that one summer, while telling us about going to high school overseas and about the $40,000/year job he was going to work while he was in college?
Now I’m not saying rich kids working normal jobs are bad people, but please understand they are not like regular people. They are like white people on Naked and Afraid or Survivor. They may be roughing in now, but they don’t have make this their life, and sooner or later they’re going to back to their ivory towers. Their time with the unwashed masses will simply be used to tell those below them how easy they think their lives are because they lived it for 12 weeks.
The rich and super rich are not like everyone else and we give them more credit than they’re due to say they understand our lives.
All infromation I use here is available on Wikipedia and in their sources listed therein.
Just a regular teen…Sasha Obama’s summer job at seafood restaurant Nancy’s in Martha’s Vineyard.
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‘Where Out-of-Town Girls Could Come Feel Safe in New York’
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At a recent event for the very active alumnae of Finch College, the genteel Upper East Side women’s school that dramatically closed its doors in 1975, wine flowed along with conversation inside the music room of the Birch Wathen Lenox School on East 77th Street.
There was talk of classmates Tricia Nixon Cox, Isabella Rossellini, Anne Cox Chambers, Francine LeFrak, Suzanne…
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HAPPY HALLOWEEN! During the Nixon administration, First Lady Pat Nixon and Tricia Nixon Cox hosted Halloween parties in the White House East Room for local children.
This is one of our favorite Halloween images. Tricia Nixon with Jonathan Frid who was vampire Barnabas Collins on the gothic soap opera "Dark Shadows." (Image: WHPO-2316-26A)
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5 Sorts of Angle for Landscape Ponds.
Expanding vining fruits and veggies in tiny spaces utilizing a trellis that is easy to build, preserve, and also improves your produce is much easier compared to you could believe. The down-pour is actually not also the worst from it, considering that today you would've-been actually landscape is actually additional of a swamp than anything. Due to the fact that eventually they will certainly be soaked up by the blue as well as purple ones in the backyard, White eyes are the rarest. In conjunction with the redesign, the magazine pioneered in remodeling the James Beard Residence Garden - the previous home of the famous meals article writer as well as chef. If you really want a vegetation with bright coloured leaves in your landscape borders then this flaming red-orange foliage vegetation might be the one you are actually seeking. Both switched a raised farmer border in Thompson's garden into a vegetable backyard this spring - hoeing, digging, choosing plants and also seeds, growing, harvesting as well as weeding as the summer heated and also the vegetations grew. First lady Michelle Obama, participated in click through the up coming post students coming from across the nation, vegetations vegetables in the course of the seventh annual White Home Cooking area Backyard growing. Its own women possess ashen yellow or creamy white airfoils, and the guys appear yellow. The florals, being similar to small orchids, are quite great smelling one potful will certainly cologne a small greenhouse or even a window yard.
These fantastic landscape resources are definitely ergonomic (functions that function effectively along with the individual's body system auto mechanics, i.e. easy to use in an extra scientific fashion trend). The marital relationship from President Richard Nixon's little girl Tricia to Edward F. Cox occurred in the Rose Backyard in 1971. It's larvae likewise will certainly eat Nasturtiums that often grow untamed on the island and also being actually grown as a yard bloom. The poultries till the bed up along with their cutting out, consequently eliminating a lot of garden pests. By stabilizing the pH from your backyard ground, you are either bring up the acid web content or the alkaline content from the ground. The most cause given that the swimming pool already long time certainly never acquire tidy to ensure is actually imply very unclean. One magnificently warm March mid-day, I took my family members to the Buck Outlet to obtain some compartments for our landscape. It is actually certainly not a White Chequered nonetheless as he merely has two areas, with no other markings besides the black airfoil tips. As a matter of fact, the sphere weaver need to be addressed with miraculous respect as this helps to rid your lawn and landscape of excess bugs like insects, flies and other winged bothers. Groomsmen were Dustin Rogers, bro from the bride; Todd Barker; John Gray; Brent Lipford; Chad McAlister; Shan McAlister; Phil Johnson; and also Mike White. Hydrangeas are actually utility vehicles in the landscape, creating luscious flowers from color to incorporate appeal to your garden. Some highly intoxicating florals for bright places are actually; proverbs, crinium, backyard phlox, dianthus, asian lily, hyacinth, peony, sweetbay magnolia, pleasant alyssum, gingerlily, petunia as well as snowball viburnum. Below are actually a couple of methods to keep your yard in top shape throughout the year. Strawberries can possibly do effectively developed in a normal level garden bed, if the dirt drains appropriately and really isn't irrigated too often. If Obama is serious about creating brand-new resources of energy, this may thrust well-maintained energy supplies on a brand-new rally, regardless of falling price of oil.
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One of the first articles that mentioned Moon’s pikareum sex rituals
A.D. magazine May 1974 by Jane Day Mook (pages 30-36)
New Growth on Burnt-Over Ground
Third in an A.D. series offering a critical look at new religions in America.
Hope and fear are almost always entwined in the impulses that cause a man or woman to seek a faith. Therefore it is not strange that religions contain promises both of divine intervention or mercy, and of judgment. Thus, Judaism speaks of a messiah and an apocalypse, the faithful of Islam expect a delivering mahdi and a terrible, bright-sworded angel, and some Christian Scriptures indicate that Christ will summon saints to glory and the wicked to perdition on a future Day of the Lord. Even among the new religions now sprouting on the burnt-over earth of American religious life, the notes of hopeful expectation and dread of doom are sounded. Religious leaders arise, and are examined by their followers: Are you he (or she) who will deliver us? And almost always a direct answer is avoided in replies that sound strangely like, “Who do men say that I am?” Today, in many areas of America, people are asking a middle-aged Korean named Sun Myung Moon who he is. Writer Jane Day Mook, in six months of extensive research, has come up with some of the answers.
The Unification Church
There has been a rash of headlines:
Korean Preacher Urges U.S. Not to “Destroy President” Minneapolis Star, December 1, 1973
Watergate Day of Prayer Asked by Unification Church Washington Post, December 18, 1973
Unification Church Program Under Way in Houston Religious News Service, December 27, 1973
There have been other media reports:
█ On December 26, 1973, Congressman Guy Vander Jagt of Michigan read into the Congressional Record a statement by the Reverend Sun Myung Moon of Korea, founder of the Unification Church International, urging Americans to forgive, love, unite.
█ Governor Wendell Anderson of Minnesota and Mayors Charles Stenvig and Larry Cohen of Minneapolis and St. Paul, respectively, issued proclamations saluting Moon when he visited the Twin Cities in December last year.
█ Twelve hundred supporters of Moon turned out—with specially issued tickets (100 of them for the best seats up front) — to cheer President Nixon at the national Christmas tree lighting ceremony at the White House on December 13, 1973. They carried signs saying, “God loves Nixon,” “Support the President,” and quite simply, “God.” Afterward, when the President came to greet them in Lafayette Park, one writer reports, they knelt down as he drew near.
█ Six weeks later Moon was invited to the 22nd annual National Prayer Breakfast in the Washington Hilton Hotel. While it was going on, more than 1,000 of Moon’s followers gathered to sing patriotic songs and demonstrate their support of the President. Tricia Nixon Cox and her husband walked among the disciples and spoke with Neil Salonen, national head of the Unification Church.
█ The next day, Moon had an unscheduled meeting with President Nixon. He embraced the President and then, it is reported, “prayed fervently in his native tongue while the President listened in silence.” Before leaving, Moon exhorted the President not to knuckle under to pressure but to stand up for his convictions.
What is this all about? Who is this Korean religious leader, Sun Myung Moon, who reaches the eye of those in high office, including the President himself?
What is this Unification Church that has suddenly surfaced in the United States with so much noise and splash? Is it really a Christian church? Is its aim political or religious, or both?
The Unification Church (whose full name is The Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity) found its way into the consciousness of a few Americans about 15 months ago. In Tarrytown, New York, a gracious estate of 22 acres overlooking the Hudson River quietly changed hands for $850,000. [Price confirmed by Michael Mickler in History of the UC in the US.] “Belvedere” became a center for the Unification Church.
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Korean messiah? Christ of the second advent? Young Americans find new faith and new life in following him.
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Joyous, disciplined, loving, Moon’s young followers express the confidence of the deeply committed.
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Suddenly the residents of Tarrytown discovered that, because this is a “church” and therefore tax exempt, they had lost $8,000 in city taxes. They discovered, too, that by the summer of 1973 the estate was teeming with young people—Japanese, Korean, German, Austrian, and especially British.
The British—115 of them—came in response to ads posted on their college bulletin boards: New York and back for $25 and a summer of “leadership training” to boot. But the Belvedere mansion was not adequate. Crowding was dismal, regulations and restrictions irksome, morale bad, the program unfocused, the unabashed conversion tactics unpalatable. A good many of the students apparently went home to England disappointed and angry.
Meanwhile, the Unification Church had purchased a home for their leader, Sun Myung Moon, who has acquired permanent residency visas in the United States for himself and his family. Reported purchase price of the second estate was $620,000 with an additional $50,000 said to have been spent for furnishings.
By summer’s end attention shifted to New York City and the start of Moon’s 21-city Day of Hope Tour. Full-page ads appeared in the local papers:
CHRISTIANITY IN CRISIS NEW HOPE
Rev. Sun Myung Moon
The ads carried, center-page, a picture of a pleasant-faced Korean man, sometimes in Korean dress, sometimes in Western, sometimes posed with the capitol dome in the background. They told of coming meetings in Carnegie Hall. The same pictures and message were in subways, drug stores, shop windows. They were on leaflets handed out by dozens of earnest young men and women, some American, some from abroad.
Invitations went out to city leaders, especially clergy: “Rev. and Mrs. Sun Myung Moon request the honor of your presence” at a dinner at the Waldorf-Astoria Hotel. ...
Mayor John Lindsay and Senator Jacob Javits sent messages of regret, but approximately 250 others came. Catholic and Protestant clergy, armed services chaplains, foundation executives, university professors. Solid names all.
The pattern was to be repeated across the country as the much publicized Day of Hope Tour moved south and west through the last three months of last year, and again in the second tour of 33 cities that began in mid-February.
I went with my husband to the first presentation by Mr. Moon at Carnegie Hall on October 1. Outside, a few protesters milled about (Jehovah’s Witnesses mostly). Inside, the lobby was full of young people, most of them Oriental. “Welcome Mother. Welcome Father,” said a charming Korean girl taking our tickets as guards looked through our briefcases. “Welcome to our program. Thank you for coming, Mother. Enjoy it please.”
Mr. Moon was already sitting on stage. He was wearing Western dress, as was his translator, Lieutenant Colonel Pak Bo Hi, formerly a military attache stationed in Washington.
Moon spoke in Korean, flailing the air and pounding the lectern. It was not easy to follow his message, which was about Adam, Eve, Satan, and the Holy Spirit, linked in a mysterious theology we could not piece together.
Who is this man Moon, and what was the message he wanted us to hear?
Sun Myung Moon was born in what is now North Korea in the village of Kwangju Sangsa Ri [in North P'yŏngan province] on January 6, 1920. His parents were Christians, members of the Presbyterian Church, which is the largest Protestant denomination in Korea. After attending village primary school Moon was sent to high school in the southern city of Seoul.
On Easter Sunday 1936, when he was 16, Moon had a vision. As he prayed on a mountainside, he relates, Jesus himself appeared and told him “to carry out my unfinished task.” Then a voice from heaven said, “You will be the completer of man’s salvation by being the second coming of Christ.”
The local ground was ready for such ideas. Already there were among some Pentecostal Christians in the underground church in Pyongyang predictions of a new messiah who would be a Korean. As Moon went about his engineering studies at [a Technical High School affiliated with] Waseda University in Tokyo, he pondered, remembering his vision. In 1944 he returned to North Korea and set about to develop among these Pentecostals a following of his own. In 1946 he founded the “Broad Sea Church.” His followers, it is said, were fanatical people.
Meanwhile, in South Korea a man named Kim Paik-Moon [or Kim Baek-moon], knowing the prophecy of a Korean messiah, had already taken the obvious next step. Kim considered himself a savior and said so. In Paju, north of Seoul, he had established a community called “Israel Soodo Won” (Israel Monastery), and Moon spent six months there learning what was to become the basis of his own theology, the “Divine Principle,” before returning to Pyongyang.
It was about this time that he changed his original name of Yong Myung Moon to Sun Myung Moon. To many people “Yong” means dragon. “Myung” means shining, and Moon and Sun are understood as in English. Therefore, since 1946 his name has meant Shining Sun and Moon. It savors of divinity and of the whole universe. A name is essential to an Oriental, as revealing one’s character.
Now the facts become uncertain. Between 1946 and 1950 Sun Myung Moon spent time in prison in North Korea. The reason? His anti-Communist activities, Moon testifies, reminding us of the rabid Communism of North Korea. Bigamy and adultery, others claim, noting that his real anti-Communist campaign did not take shape until 1962.
In any case, late in 1950 Moon was released and he trekked to South Korea as a refugee with two or three [it was two] disciples. Settling in Busan, he began to propagate his principles. In 1954 he founded his new church [in Seoul], calling it “The Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity.”
Moon had gleaned his theological ideas from Kim [Baek-moon], and a follower, Yoo Hyo-won [Eu Hyo-won], wrote them down. By 1957 Divine Principle, which proclaims the theology of the Unification Church, was in print. It was first published in English in this country in 1966 and for a second time in 1973.
Divine Principle is concerned with the physical as well as the spiritual salvation of humankind, and the doctrine goes like this:
God intended that Adam and Eve should be perfect and that therefore their children also would be perfect. But Satan entered the Garden of Eden and seduced Eve. By this act she became impure, her blood forever tainted. This taint she passed on to Adam, through their union, and so he too—and their children and all humankind—became forever impure.
God wanted to redeem humanity from this impurity. Therefore, he sent to earth Jesus, the second Adam, and Jesus began the work of redemption. Spiritual salvation he achieved. But God’s will was once again thwarted by Satan. Jesus died on the cross before he could marry and father children. Thus, physical redemption was not accomplished. Our blood is still impure. Now it is time for the third Adam or “the Christ of the second advent.” It is time for the physical redemption of humanity and the reign of the New Israel, Korea.
How will all this come about? Quite simply: the third Adam sent by God to earth—to Korea—will marry a perfect woman, and their children will be the first of a new and perfect world. Eden will return to earth. Heaven will be here, not in some shadowy afterlife.
Does Moon consider himself the new messiah? In the early days of the movement, he admitted that he did. He no longer does so, and his followers are apt to smile when asked what they believe and say, “It is a personal matter.” In the national headquarters of the Unification Church in Washington, however, a votive candle burns beneath a portrait of Moon. Furthermore, in some materials of the Unification Church in Korea there are mythical tales relating that Moon was worshiped by Jesus. Jesus asked Moon to help him complete the saving of humankind and supposedly said, “I have done half, but you can do the other half.”
The half assigned to Moon, of course, involves his fourth and present wife. In the early 1940s Moon was married, but in 1954 this first wife left him because, he said, “she did not understand my mission.” He also is said to have had two other wives before marrying in 1960 an 18-year-old [she was 17] high school graduate named Hak Ja Han. At the time of their union (which is called “the Marriage of the Lamb”), he told his followers that she had not yet achieved his own spiritual perfection, but he was confident that she would in time. Together they are the new Adam and the new Eve, the parents of the universe, and their children herald the coming perfection of humanity.
Here reference must be made to “pikareum,” or “blood separation,” which is referred to in Japanese and Korean sources. In this secret initiation rite, it is said that the inner-core members must have intercourse. In the early days of the Unification Church, this was with Moon who, through the act, made pure the initiate.
In 1955 in Seoul Moon was imprisoned briefly and several students and professors were expelled from their universities because of engaging in what were called “the scandalous rites of the Unification Church.” However, in the 14 years since Moon’s marriage to Hak Ja Han, it is not known whether in the secrecy of the initiation ceremony, the rite has become purely a symbolic one.
When asked about this matter of purification, a leader of the Unification Church in the United States replied that purification takes place at the marriage ceremony and that, with special prayers, God’s spiritual blessing and purification are conferred through Moon.
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To Moon, Communism is equivalent to Satan. Anti-Communism is the political backbone of his movement.
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Both the theology and what were understood as the practices of the Unification Church have been anathema to main-line Christians in Korea. Moon himself was excommunicated by the Presbyterian Church in Korea as long ago as 1948.
His church has not been accepted as a member of either the National Council of Churches or the National Association of Evangelicals in Korea, both of whom state unequivocally that the Unification Church is not Christian.
But Korea is used to offbeat religious movements. There are dozens of splinter sects and “new religions” there. The Unification Church, or Tong-il Kyo, is one of the largest of these with its claimed membership of 300,000 Koreans.
The Unification Church claims a world membership of about a half million. In the United States the number of followers is estimated at about 10,000 so far with between 2,000 and 3,000 core members.
[A more accurate assessment would be up to 20,000 in Korea and up to 200,000 as a worldwide total.]
The Unification Church may not be accepted by Korean Christians, but it is openly favored by the present government in Korea, and this sets it apart.
In November 1972 President Park Chung-hee promulgated a new constitution giving himself sweeping power. Christian leaders, among others, mounted effective opposition to it and called for a “democratic” constitution. On January 8, 1974, the president responded by decreeing anyone criticizing the constitution would be tried and, if guilty, imprisoned for up to 15 years.
On February 1, six ministers and evangelists (five Presbyterian and one Methodist) were sentenced to up to 15 years’ imprisonment for their criticism of the constitution. They were judged not by a jury of peers in a civil court, but by a special court-martial at the South Korean Defense Ministry.
Compare Moon, in this context of South Korean politics. Moon started and directs near Seoul a school to which the Korean government annually sends thousands of civilian officials and military personnel for training in techniques of anti-Communism.
In Moon’s view Communism is ideologically equivalent to Satan. Anti-Communism is therefore the political backbone of his movement. Thus he wins the support (which may be in part financial) of the government. At the same time Moon, as a “religious” leader, lends the administration the aura of respectability that all autocracies find useful when, for both home and overseas consumption, it is most needed.
Moon exports to 40 countries the main components of his religious-political movement: the Divine Principle theology with its Korean messiah coupled with vigorous anti-Communism. Chameleonic, the group changes its coloration depending on locale and circumstances.
Sponsors of the International Federation for Victory over Communism, they take on in the United States a quiet title: the Freedom Leadership Foundation. In Japan, however, where they have the support of right-wing groups, they are openly part of the World Anti-Communist League. Here in the United States they sponsor prayer and fasting “for the Watergate Crisis.” In Japan, at the time of Red China’s seating in the United Nations, it was prayer and fasting “for Victory over Communism.”
Everywhere, political involvement is a high priority. The Freedom Leadership Foundation, a Unification Church subsidiary, openly avows its goal of “ideological victory over Communism in the United States.” Gary Jarmin, the 24-year-old secretary-general of the FLF says that they are already spending $50,000 to $60,000 per year trying to influence senators and congressmen on national security issues.
As a nonprofit, tax-exempt organization, FLF is forbidden to lobby for specific legislation, but Jarmin and his seven colleagues in the work don’t hesitate to carry on “educational” programs for legislative aides. Furthermore, Jarmin says, there will soon be a totally separate, new organization that will engage in direct lobbying and openly support political candidates.*
* See John Marks, “From Korea with Love,” The Washington Monthly, February 1974, page 57
The World Freedom Institute is another branch of the FLF’s work, training young people in anti-Communist techniques from an ideological and “religious” point of view. Its International Leadership Seminars are rigorous.
Applicants must pass a preliminary interview. Alcohol and drugs are not permitted, smoking is allowed only at certain times and places, clothing must be clean and neat. All scheduled activities must be attended from 7 a.m. to 9:30 p.m. daily, especially the lectures on Divine Principle, Communism, and Unification thought as a harmony of the Judeo-Christian image of God and the Eastern principle of yin-yang.
For all this, it must be said that political action within the Unification Church is probably limited to a few at center. Moon’s young converts may not be aware of the political side of their movement at all except in the most general terms.
If they wave banners and rally for Nixon, they feel it is because he is ordained by God and given power to be President at this time. Essentially they want to change the moral and spiritual order. They are committed to that, and for them it is enough.
Wherever they go, the Unification Church works to enlist the young. According to those who know the movement in Korea, Japan, and the United States, they are largely the disenchanted young—those whose activism in the ’60s and early ’70s has seemed to bring scant results, those who are turned off by the institutionalized establishment, who are looking for commitment and community, who want not just something but someone to believe in, who want unequivocal answers within a framework of discipline.
There are thousands of young Americans who, in our current retreat from involvement into privatism, fit this description. Moon’s followers are among them. Here in the Unification Church they find instantly a place among their own kind. The hierarchy itself is composed of young people.
The members live in communes that have been set up in most major cities of the country. “It’s like a family,” said one girl who helped establish a new church in Texas. “The whole purpose of the center is based upon God. There’s no premarital sex or drugs or smoking or drinking.” Indeed, Moon thunders against “sexual immorality” as the deadliest of sins.
These are young people who are earnest, sincere, committed, and of high moral character. They are also neat, pleasant, and polite. They are convinced. And they are innocent.
They probably know nothing whatever of Moon’s questionable background or of his strong right-wing political stance. And probably they do not know Christianity well enough (though they study the Bible fervently) to question the theology of Divine Principle. But they have a staunch belief in basic moral values and the possibility and power of spiritual redemption.
If you have not already seen the members of the Unification Church in your town, you will. They have centers in all 50 states and they are busy soliciting both converts and money.
In New York they have reportedly purchased a large old house a few blocks from the Columbia University campus and are offering rooms there for a low rent. They have established an office on the campus under the name of “Collegiate Association for Research of Principles” or CARP (appropriating the traditional Christian symbol of the fish) and at the time of this writing are busy recruiting students for a one-week International Leadership Seminar scheduled for the March recess at the former seminary of the Christian Brothers in Barrytown, New York, which the Unification Church recently purchased.
Some of the Columbia CARP group seem to have had experience in the movement elsewhere. For instance, one young man, a Japanese graduate student, asked a professor at nearby Union Theological Seminary to give him a private crash course in Christianity—something he had not needed for the work in Japan.
To raise money Moon’s followers have so far been selling flowers, home-made candles, bottled arrangements of dried flowers and grasses, and ginseng tea, a herbal tea with medicinal properties.
Everything they earn—everything—goes back to the Unification Church. They claim that when it was necessary to raise $280,000 for a down payment on the Belvedere estate in Tarrytown, the core members across the country dropped everything for eight weeks and did nothing but sell their wares.
Flowers and candles? Yes—and they raised the down payment and more.
In our town on a recent Saturday morning, a young Japanese girl came into a drugstore carrying a small bucket with “Drug Abuse” painted on it in white letters. In her other hand she held bouquets of pink and white carnations wrapped in green wax paper.
“I am Takako,” said the girl. “I am selling these flowers for the One World Crusade. Would you buy some, please?” The high school girl behind the counter looked doubtful but asked, “What is the One World Crusade?”
“Have you heard of the Unification Church?” asked Takako. “We are working against drug abuse.” She held out a paper encased in plastic. At the top in large letters it read: “Immorality/Drug/Abuse/Delinquency/Family Conduct.” Then it introduced Takako and again mentioned the program against drug abuse.
A bystander, a man, asked, “What is this program against drug abuse? I am interested in that myself.”
Takako struggled with English. “You know the Bible?” she asked. “We have meeting and religious education, and we study the secrets of the Bible.”
“But your program against drugs?” the man persisted.
“We work against drugs from the heart,” said Takako. “It is a heart thing, a heart change.”
The man smiled and shook his head. The drugstore owner and a woman customer each bought a bouquet.
This young Japanese girl has left her natural family back in Japan and has come halfway around the world to be part of another family, the Unification Family. This supplants her mother and father, her brothers and sisters. According to Unification doctrine they are impure and imperfect.
She herself, as she is initiated into the Unification Church, will be made pure, and her real family from now on is the group of purified and to-be-purified members like herself. The sadness she has caused (and this sadness is widespread in the homes these young people have left) is of no consequence.
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Flowers, candles, tea—where does the real money come from that supports the projects of Moon’s church?
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The idea of family is central to Moon’s teaching. The family gives blessing. At the top is the vast human family, then the national family, finally the marital family. One must be in a family to be saved, for the family provides the basic structure for the new Eden.
Most of the young people who join the Unification Church are single. After a period of membership—usually at least three years—they may be married if they have achieved an acceptable spiritual level. Marriages are arranged—a vast improvement, Moon’s followers say, over the chaotic system of personal choice that has destroyed the American family.
The arrangements used to be made by Moon himself, who knew most individual members in the early days and had, it is said, an uncanny gift for sizing up those he did not know. Now, with the growth of the movement, the arrangement of marriages will surely have to be delegated to senior members of the Family.
In 1970 Moon gathered a great group together in Seoul and performed a mass marriage of 777 couples. For those whom he joins, his blessing is a cherished benediction. It carries the notion that Moon himself is the giver of offspring to those he blesses and it makes pure the tainted blood of those who are wed.
Where does the money come from that supports the Unification Church? No one seems able to find out.
The Unification Church owns estates, a conference center, and many town houses (such as the handsome one on East 71st Street in New York).
It supports its core members in their work of evangelism, teaching, and preaching at a cost for food, clothing, and shelter conservatively estimated at $5 million per year. It brings hundreds of young Germans, Austrians, Japanese, and Koreans to this country at its expense, not theirs.
It pays for full-page ads in big newspapers. It publishes a tabloid newspaper, books, leaflets. It rents large meeting halls and lecture facilities for its leader to speak in. It invites the country’s leaders to banquets at the best hotels.
Where does the money come from? Not primarily from selling flowers, candles, and ginseng tea, though this effort should not be downgraded or underestimated. The member-businesses (in San Francisco, a printing press; in Denver, a cleaning establishment; in Washington, a new tea house) may swell the coffers but not substantially.
Moon himself is reputed to be a millionaire, the head of a sizeable conglomerate in Korea that product marble vases, machine parts, ginseng tea, pharmaceuticals, titanium, air rifles and other items. The value of the empire is estimated at $10 to $15 million. Some followers claim that Moon plows the profits back into the Unification Church, but others insist the industries belong to Moon, who has become a very wealthy man.
What outside backing does Moon have? Substantial sums may come from right wing Japanese industrialists and groups that are eager to reestablish the economic power Japan once held over Korea and who consider Moon “their man.” Former Japanese Prime Minister Kishi, leader of the violently anti-Peking faction of the Liberal Democratic Party, is actively associated with Moon’s International Federation for Victory over Communism.
The big question is: Does the Korean government back Moon? In the article in The Washington Monthly referred to above, John Marks, a student of the CIA in the U.S. and other countries, tackles this question. The Korean CIA, Marks points out, has on occasion secretly subsidized “private” organizations like the Unification Church if they will improve Korea’s image. It would certainly be interested, he says, in a “burgeoning religious-political movement run by a Korean who supports virtually all of the goals and who is in a position to work and lobby for its government’s position on the American political scene.”
Whatever the sources of its money, the Unification Church is in excellent shape financially, and that is very important to it. In Moon’s thinking, money is power and power indicates the blessing of God. God is on the side of power and wealth.
Moon and his followers have come a long way down the road from the mountainside where an earlier messiah, who had nowhere to lay his head, taught his disciples: “Blessed are the poor. Blessed are the meek. They shall inherit the earth.” A.D.
Jane Mook is a freelance writer and an occasional contributor to A.D. In addition to mission articles, she has compiled our portfolios of religious art at Christmas and Easter. Her home is in Tenafly, New Jersey.
A few of Sun Myung Moon’s Front Groups
The Holy Spirit Association for the Unification of World Christianity
The Unification Church
Project Unity
One World Crusade
International Cultural Foundation (ICF)
International Federation for Victory over Communism (IFVOC)
Collegiate Association for the Research of Principles (CARP)
Freedom Leadership Foundation (FLF)
World Freedom Institute
American Youth for a Just Peace
The Little Angels of Korea
Professors’ World Peace Academy (PWPA)
Committee for Responsible Dialogue
Tong-Il Industry Company
Il-Hwa Pharmaceutical Company
Il-Shin Stoneworks Company
Tong Wha Titanium Company
Tae Han Rutile Company [rutile = titanium dioxide]
Where Moon got his theology from
Moon’s theology for his pikareum sex rituals with all the 36 wives
The FFWPU is unequivocally not Christian
Sun Myung Moon: The Emperor of the Universe
United States Congressional investigation of Moon’s organization
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Mr. Moon! - Your Worldwide Mission Depended On Your Wife's Cooking Ability?! - Unbelievable!
http://www.tparents.org/UTS/DoH1/DoH1-12b.pdf The Des Moines Register Des Moines, Iowa April 9, 1974Page 5 Although some of the followers of Korean evangelist Sun Myung Moon are in this country with questionable alien status. Moon and his wife are clear with the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service. Moon jumped into the good graces of President Richard Nixon and into national headlines this year when he proclaimed that God had chosen Mr. Nixon for the Presidency, "at this moment in history," and that Americans should forgive and forget Watergate. Moon's followers staged a 40-day rally in Washington, D.C, supporting Mr. Nixon against Watergate detractors under a banner of "Forgive, Love, Unite," and were visited by the President's daughter, Tricia, and her husband, Edward Cox. "The Watergate appeal and the rally came after Rev. Moon and his wife had established their alien credentials," said John Matson, chief of general investigations for the Immigration Service's national headquarters in Washington, D.C. "These things had nothing to do with the Moons' status or that of their followers." The Moons, who were reportedly married in 1960 when he was 40 and she was 18, were first admitted to this country in 1972 on visitor's visas, according to Matson. Moon himself was admitted on a "visitor for business" visa, Matson said. Moon and his wife whose Korean name is Hak Ja Han are considered "permanent resident aliens" according to Matson. Stated most simply, immigration records show that they are here for these reasons: She, because she is a good cook; he, because he is married to her. Aliens are allowed into this country under strict quotas established by treaties negotiated between the U.S. and foreign nations. Jack Ricciardi, an investigator in the New York, N.Y., immigration office, explained that aliens are classified in various "preferences" when applying for entrance into the U.S. Doctors, for instance, have a higher preference than manual laborers. Mrs. Moon established a preference level, under immigration rules, by certifying with the Department of Labor as "a cook specialist in the foreign food category," according to Ricciardi. She was sponsored by the Korean Cultural and Freedom Foundation (KCFF), he said. The Washington Post reported recently that the KCFF is a Washington-based organization headed by Lt. Col. Bo Hi Pak, a former Korean assistant military attache in the U.S. and the man who serves as Moon's translator during his current U.S. tour. Moon's American followers have said there is no connection between KCFF and the Unification Church which Moon founded, although several prominent church leaders serve on the KCFF board. The KCFF fosters Korean-American relations. For example, it sponsors the "Korean Little Angels," a children's entertainment troupe which performed last summer at the Iowa State Fair. (Fair secretary Kenneth Fulk said the group appeared at the Fair for $5,000 and was "well-received" by the audience.) After Mrs. Moon was approved as a visiting specialist cook in this country, Ricciardi said, "the Unification Church petitioned on her behalf for an adjustment of status." She was made a permanent resident alien Feb. 26, 1973, records show. With that status, Mrs. Moon is not required to seek renewal of her visa; it is permanent, officials say. "Once she got that status, she could petition for him," Ricciardi said. "The immigration service makes it easy for someone to have a spouse approved." Mrs. Moon petitioned for her husband to be adjusted to permanent resident alien status, Ricciardi said, and that request was granted Apr. 30, 1973. The immigration official who approved the evangelist's permanent status was Dale Barton, who was director of the Washington, D.C. district office, Matson said. Barton retired last June, Matson said. According to Moon's itinerary, he is speaking today in Missoula, Mont. At nearly every stop along the tour, he has received proclamations or keys to the cities from mayors and other officials who have responded at the urgings of Moon's advance people. South Dakota Gov. Richard Kneip and Sioux Falls. S.D., Mayor M. E. Schrimer had both issued signed proclamations honoring Moon in anticipation of the evangelist's visit to Sioux Falls last Thursday and Friday. In fact. Mayor Schrimer had made Moon an honorary citizen." Before Moon arrived, however, both elected officials withdrew their citations.
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