#Tarasco

[turtleterrain]

view of two purepecha (tarasco) women setting up a backstrap loom for weaving in paracho, michoacán state, mexico

[puppaplumber]

[vive-en-sinaloa-mex]

Hagamos una revisión rápida de:

La herencia indígena de Sinaloa.

Hablar de Pueblos o Comunidades Indígenas, es hablar de nuestras raíces. Por ello es importante hacer un esbozo muy general sobre su historia en Sinaloa.

En el estado de Sinaloa, México, existen varias comunidades indígenas que han conservado sus tradiciones y costumbres.

A continuación, se presentan algunas de las comunidades indígenas más importantes en Sinaloa:

Amuzgo: La comunidad amuzgo es una de las más grandes y antiguas de Sinaloa. Viven en los municipios de El Fuerte, Choix, Guasave, Sinaloa de Leyva y Ahome.

Ch’ol: La comunidad ch’ol es una de las más pequeñas de Sinaloa, pero con una gran riqueza cultural. Viven en los municipios de El Fuerte y Ahome.

Chinanteco: La comunidad chinanteca es una de las más grandes de Sinaloa y se encuentra en los municipios de El Fuerte, Choix, Guasave, Sinaloa de Leyva y Ahome.

Cora: La comunidad cora es una de las más antiguas de Sinaloa y se encuentra en los municipios de El Fuerte, Choix, Guasave, Sinaloa de Leyva y Ahome.

Guarijío: La comunidad guarijío es una de las más pequeñas de Sinaloa, pero con una gran riqueza cultural. Viven en los municipios de El Fuerte y Ahome.

Huichol: La comunidad huichola es una de las más grandes de Sinaloa y se encuentra en los municipios de El Fuerte, Choix, Guasave, Sinaloa de Leyva y Ahome.

Mazahua: La comunidad mazahua es una de las más pequeñas de Sinaloa, pero con una gran riqueza cultural. Viven en los municipios de El Fuerte y Ahome.

Mayo: La comunidad mayo es una de las más antiguas de Sinaloa y se encuentra en los municipios de El Fuerte, Choix, Guasave, Sinaloa de Leyva y Ahome.

Tarasco/Purépecha: La comunidad tarasca/purépecha es una de las más pequeñas de Sinaloa, pero con una gran riqueza cultural. Viven en los municipios de El Fuerte y Ahome.

Tepehuano: La comunidad tepehuana es una de las más pequeñas de Sinaloa, pero con una gran riqueza cultural. Viven en los municipios de El Fuerte y Ahome.

[fatehbaz]

Avocado orchards had carpeted the gently undulating hills around the sacred lake of Pátzcuaro with stodgy green bushes. Here, before the cataclysmic arrival of the first envoys dispatched by Hernando Cortes from the Aztec capital over the mountains to the East, [...] the Purépecha had sown maize, amaranth, zucchini, cacao, cotton, tomato, beans, a dozen types of chili, and much more.

Now the monotonous “green gold” of the avocado boom had colonized the entire Mexican state of Michoacán. [...] [I]t was shocking to think that the cause of the disaster was America’s great patriotic party: the National Football League’s Super Bowl. A flurry of advertising creativity on behalf of the Mexican avocado was unleashed every year during the multi-million-dollar sports broadcast. [...] “Is your life just terrible?” asks the comic actor Chris Elliott, star of Scary Movie 2 and Scary Movie 4, in the 2019 spot. “You deserve more! Spread an avocado on top of everything!” [...] A few days before the Super Bowl, the domestic diva Martha Stewart [...] had released on social networks her latest recipe for guacamole [...]. Guacamole was now an obligatory snack for the 100 million or so Americans who watched the Super Bowl. In February of 2017, 278 million avocados -- most of them from Michoacán -- had been sold during the days before the game in [the US] [...].

---

The avocado had become the star product of Mexican food production in the age of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) [...] since NAFTA was signed in 1994 [...]. [Mexican] farmers produced 16 times more than the formerly dominant Californian growers. [...] Moreover, the avocado was now classified as a “superfood” [...].

It had not always been like this. In the 1950s, the avocado was known unsentimentally as the crocodile pear [...]. Imports from Mexico were banned until 1997 [...] . When complete liberalization was announced in 2007, Michoacán had become an unbeatable competitor for the Californian avocado growers. The Mexican producers specialized, like their Californian rivals, in the Hass variety of avocado, more meaty than those that the Purépecha had [...] consumed over the millennia, and with a tough skin that protected the pears during long hauls in chilled container trucks to El Paso or Tijuana and then beyond to the big US consumer markets. [...] [T]he Hass avocado was perfectly suited to the global market [...]. Michoacán, whose crystalline lakes had earned it the name of the “land of fish” in the indigenous language of Tarasco, would never be the same.

By 2020, 80 percent of the avocados consumed in the United States came from Michoacán [...].

---

Now in the 21st century, on the outskirts of Uruapan, the frenetic capital del aguacate, the new economy of agribusiness took shape [...]. Further west on the shores of Lake Pátzcuaro, the monoculture had not yet colonized the entire landscape, but the advance of the avocado seemed unstoppable. [...] “Practically everybody here wants an avocado orchard [...],” explained [FFB], a resident of the Purépecha indigenous community of Jarácuaro on the shores of the lake. [...] [H]e was horrified by the extent of environmental destruction. “They pump water from the lake to water the avocado orchards [...]. It’s pillage. [...]”

The falling water level, together with the introduction of the rapacious predator tilapia, had wiped out almost all the [...] [native] fish species. Of the cornucopia of marine life that had fed the Purépecha cities, only the diminutive silvery charal remained. The same occurred at other great freshwater deposits in Michoaczán. [...] The Purépecha communities on the shores of the lake, a landscape of stunning beauty where dense pine and ilex oak forests met white nymphaea lilies floating on turquoise water, were girding themselves for the arrival of the aguacateros, avocado producers [...].

---

“They put a gun to your head and tell you to sign the deed before the notary. That’s how the transfer of land is agreed upon,” explained [GV], a sociologist at the University of San Nicolas de Hidalgo in Morelia [...].

Meanwhile, large exporters and avocado brokers -- some of them international brands like Del Monte -- were profiting by purchasing from producers at dirt-cheap prices and reselling to the US supermarket chains at very attractive ones. “They pay a dollar per kilo of avocado here and sell it for eight at a Minnesota W*lmart,” said [GV].

In order not to squander such a reliable source of profits, “transnational corporations, just like the Canadian mining companies in Zacatecas, pay the extortion money [...],” he continued.

---

Text by: Andy Robinson. Gold, Oil, and Avocados: A Recent History of Latin America in Sixteen Commodities. 2021. [Bold emphasis and some paragraph breaks added by me.]

[chiquititaosita]

Mexican girlies assemble 💌

PERIOD MEXICANAS UNITE! ALSO LOOK AT WHAT I FOUND ON PINTEREST SANJITO WHEN HE MAKES ME CHICKEN TARASCO ILL BE HAPPY 🤭🫶🏽💓

[niyanicole]

Chapter 13 Fieldwork: Migration 

 “We don’t want to do any harm. We just want a better life for ourselves and our kids. We work hard for everything we have. People think just because we’re immigrants we don’t do half of the stuff such as pay taxes we do just as much as any citizen would.” – Maria 

During the break, I had the pleasure of hearing the immigration story of my childhood friend Maria. Maria emigrated from Ocumicho, Michoacan Mexico. She was only one and a half years old when she began her journey, and she turned two once she reached the states. Maria and her family were pushed away from their home country due to lack of job opportunities. In a pursuit to provide for his family, her father was pulled to the United States to work for high wages. He arrived in California first and then made his way to Pennsylvania to join his siblings. Once her father began working for the Strathmeyer Company, Maria and her mother came over to America to continue their lives in Pennsylvania. Her father and his siblings already being here allowed for an easy transition for Maria and her mother. In other words, it acted as a bridge that enabled them to migrate; however, even with this bridge, Maria and her mother still faced barriers. The main barrier they faced during their migration was entering the country illegally. This made the journey harder and more dangerous than the journey of her father, who had a visa. 

At the time of her migration to the states, her family only consisted of her father and mother. After years of living in America, she gained two sisters. This makes only her siblings American citizens. Maria and her sisters speak two languages and one dialect. The languages they speak are Spanish and English and the dialect they speak is known as Purepecha or Tarasco. Her parents only speak Spanish or pure. Adapting to a new language and environment caused her family to change their way of life in terms of their actions and what they ate. As a result, she would consider her family to be multicultural, as they participate in both American and Mexican customs and traditions. 

While Maria has fully adjusted to American culture now, the road to get there was not an easy one. Her challenges first began in school. Since her father only went to school until the age of twelve and her mother did not have an education, Maria was entirely on her own with the help of amazing teachers who were understanding and took the extra time to help her succeed. All her hard work paid off when she graduated high school last June, making her the first high school graduate of her family. Unfortunately, the challenges did not stop after graduation. Since Maria is illegal, she does not have Social Security because she was unable to get DACA (Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals) before they stopped accepting new applications. Most of the professions that interest Maria require official documentation of citizenship, which makes it difficult for her to pursue her dreams. Despite the delay in her dreams, she has been able to still find a job to make a decent income. Even with all the obstacles she has faced, she still would rather live in America than Mexico. The cartel has infiltrated her hometown, which has increased ransoms, deaths, and other acts of violence. Maria believes all she has faced in America is way better than living her life in constant fear of being attacked.

“Honestly it’s about not having fear about what could be said to you. Don’t listen to any harsh things people could say. Prove to them otherwise and prove to them that you’re capable of so much. That you being an immigrant doesn’t define anything. You are more than an immigrant and you have a lot to offer to this country.” – Maria 

Side Note: The name used within the story is a cover name to protect the identity of the storyteller

[callmeanxietygirl]

El Zacahuil

El abuso sexual contra las mujeres fue castigado en tiempos prehispánicos comiéndose al violador; así nació el zacahuil, platillo emblemático de la cultura Huasteca que ha cruzado fronteras conquistando paladares. Orgullo de la gastronomía mexicana, el también llamado tamal gigante encierra una historia que pocos conocen, la justicia tomada por la propia mano de las víctimas.

Según los relatos de la época prehispánica, transmitidos por cronistas, en 1468 había un hombre de edad avanzada que era enviado por Moctezuma a recaudar el tributo entre los pueblos subyugados, pero aprovechando su poder mancilló a jóvenes vírgenes. La impunidad que rodea al violador terminó cuando los mexicas fueron derrotados por los tarascos y al enterarse el pueblo huasteco hacen prisionero al mayordomo de Tenochtitlan para ejecutar su venganza.

Los huastecos, llenos de odio por el agravio a sus mujeres y buscando lavar la ofensa, deciden matarlo y desollarlo para finalmente usar su carne en un enorme tamal ceremonial que fue comido por las víctimas. Para este proceso envolvieron el cuerpo con masa martajada y enchilada, la cual molieron en metate, cubriéndolo después con hojas de la planta de plátano y papatla, después lo metieron en un hoyo enorme en la tierra donde lo llenaron de piedras y lo cubrieron con brasas, cuenta el cronista de Pánuco Veracruz, Luis Enrique Pérez.

Cuando calcularon que el tamal estaba bien cocido lo sacaron y repartieron porciones entre las mujeres que habían sido ultrajadas por el recaudador, quienes gritaban jubilosas “tlanque cualantli”, que significa en huasteco “se acabó el problema”. El sacrificio se repetiría con sus prisioneros de guerra, convirtiéndose en una tradición de los huastecos hasta la llegada de los frailes españoles que, horrorizados por este acto de canibalismo, pidieron a los pobladores cambiar la carne humana por la de animales. El platillo se empezó a elaborar entonces con cerdo, res, pollo y hasta con guajolote.

[whencyclopedes]

Civilización tarasca

La civilización tarasca (también conocida como purépecha, por su lengua) dominó el oeste de México y construyó un imperio que la enfrentaría directamente con la otra gran civilización mesoamericana del período posclásico, los aztecas. El estado tarasco, con capital en Tzintzúntzan, en el lago de Pátzcuaro, controlaba un imperio de más de 75.000 kilómetros cuadrados, solo superado por el azteca.

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[storiearcheostorie]

Disastro del Vajont, gli atti processuali resteranno all’Archivio di Stato di Belluno

Disastro del Vajont, gli atti processuali resteranno all’Archivio di Stato di Belluno I particolari su Storie & Archeostorie

Redazione  “I 5205 documenti processuali relativi alla tragedia del Vajont resteranno per sempre custoditi a Belluno, nell’Archivio di Stato”. Lo comunica il Sottosegretario alla Cultura, Gianmarco Mazzi, che aggiunge: “Il decreto, firmato dal Direttore generale Archivi, Antonio Tarasco, stabilisce la destinazione del fascicolo che, riportandolo a casa, onorerà la memoria delle vittime e…

[torosytoreros6]

Axel López sustituye a Luis Garza en “El Palacio del Arte” moreliano

28 de agosto de 2024/Suertematados.com El director de la fundación “Los Ángeles Taurinos” A.C., el matador de toros en retiro tarasco Teodoro Gómez, informa que el novillero regiomontano Luis Garza, programado para torear en la primera novillada de triunfadores del serial que se lleva a cabo en “El Palacio del Arte” de Morelia, Michoacán, la noche…

[turtleterrain]

group portrait of purepecha (tarasco) musicians for a pastorela dance in cherán, michoacán state, mexico

[whn004]

Go to WARREN NICHOLS MUSIC ENTERPRISE and follow for updates on live shows, official single releases, community activities, and more!! Facebook.com/WNMEinc

[jesusagrario]

Fue tallado por los místicos aztecas, mayas, tarascos, etc., para perpetuar la sabiduría que ellos recibieron como herencia secreta de sus antepasados.

[centraldenoticiasmx]

Decomisa Guardia Nacional explosivos diseñados para ser lanzados por drones

Elementos de la Guardia Nacional en coordinación con soldados del Ejército Mexicano desplegados en Zacatecas localizaron un fusil de asalto y 13 artefactos explosivos de manufactura artesanal, ocho de ellos diseñados para ser lanzados desde un dron.

La dependencia informó que al realizar patrullajes de prevención y seguridad, en las inmediaciones de la comunidad El Tarasco, en el municipio de Villanueva, el personal de ambas instituciones ubicó al costado de un árbol un arma larga y una mochila negra. “Con las debidas medidas de seguridad, los elementos se aproximaron al lugar para inspeccionar la mochila y localizaron en su interior lo…

[antoniosalas81]

Destaca Gobernador David Monreal Ávila reparación de más de 1 mil kilómetros de red carretera en el estado

En gira de trabajo por las comunidades de San Antonio de Tarasco y El Tigre, en Villanueva, donde hizo entrega de apoyos alimentarios a las familias que ahí habitan, el Gobernador David Monreal Ávila destacó que, en dos años, se han reconstruido en el estado alrededor de 1 mil kilómetros de carreteras. En el primer año de administración se lograron más de 400 kilómetros y en el segundo más de…

[timetolearnoclock]

dark-eyed beauties

"Tarasco's dark-eyed beauties offer custard apples, butterfly fishing nets, and flashing smiles."

October 1952

Quote taken from original text included with the image in the magazine