#Supreme Court Road Safety

[townpostin]

Zonal IG Addresses Rising Crime Rates In Jamshedpur Meeting

Akhilesh Jha Expresses Concern Over Increase In Road Accidents And Thefts Police officials receive directives on crime reduction and traffic safety strategies. JAMSHEDPUR – Zonal IG Akhilesh Jha held a crucial meeting with district police officials on Thursday, addressing the city’s rising crime rates and road accident fatalities. "We’re concerned about the increase in crimes like robbery and…

[batboyblog]

Things Biden and the Democrats did, this week #10

March 15-22 2024

The EPA announced new emission standards with the goal of having more than half of new cars and light trucks sold in the US be low/zero emission by 2032. One of the most significant climate regulations in the nation’s history, it'll eliminate 7 billion tons of CO2 emissions over the next 30 years. It's part of President Biden's goal to cut greenhouse gas emissions in half by 2030 on the road to eliminating them totally by 2050.

President Biden canceled nearly 6 Billion dollars in student loan debt. 78,000 borrowers who work in public sector jobs, teachers, nurses, social workers, firefighters etc will have their debt totally forgiven. An additional 380,000 public service workers will be informed that they qualify to have their loans forgiven over the next 2 years. The Biden Administration has now forgiven $143.6 Billion in student loan debt for 4 million Americans since the Supreme Court struck down the original student loan forgiveness plan last year.

Under Pressure from the administration and Democrats in Congress Drugmaker AstraZeneca caps the price of its inhalers at $35. AstraZeneca joins rival Boehringer Ingelheim in capping the price of inhalers at $35, the price the Biden Admin capped the price of insulin for seniors. The move comes as the Federal Trade Commission challenges AstraZeneca’s patents, and Senator Bernie Sanders in his role as Democratic chair of the Senate Health Committee investigates drug pricing.

The Department of Justice sued Apple for being an illegal monopoly in smartphones. The DoJ is joined by 16 state attorneys general. The DoJ accuses Apple of illegally stifling competition with how its apps work and seeking to undermining technologies that compete with its own apps.

The EPA passed a rule banning the final type of asbestos still used in the United States. The banning of chrysotile asbestos (known as white asbestos) marks the first time since 1989 the EPA taken action on asbestos, when it passed a partial ban. 40,000 deaths a year in the US are linked to asbestos

President Biden announced $8.5 billion to help build advanced computer chips in America. Currently America only manufactures 10% of the world's chips and none of the most advanced next generation of chips. The deal with Intel will open 4 factories across 4 states (Arizona, Ohio, New Mexico, and Oregon) and create 30,000 new jobs. The Administration hopes that by 2030 America will make 20% of the world's leading-edge chips.

President Biden signed an Executive Order prioritizing research into women's health. The order will direct $200 million into women's health across the government including comprehensive studies of menopause health by the Department of Defense and new outreach by the Indian Health Service to better meet the needs of American Indian and Alaska Native Women. This comes on top of $100 million secured by First Lady Jill Biden from ARPA-H.

Democratic Senators Bob Casey, Tammy Baldwin, Sherrod Brown, and Jacky Rosen (all up for re-election) along with Elizabeth Warren, Cory Booker, and Sheldon Whitehouse, introduced the "Shrinkflation Prevention Act" The Bill seeks to stop the practice of companies charging the same amount for products that have been subtly shrunk so consumers pay more for less.

The Department of Transportation will invest $45 million in projects that improve Bicyclist and Pedestrian Connectivity and Safety

The EPA will spend $77 Million to put 180 electric school buses onto the streets of New York City This is part of New York's goal to transition its whole school bus fleet to electric by 2035.

The Senate confirmed President Biden's nomination of Nicole Berner to the Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit. Berner has served as the general counsel for America's largest union, SEIU, since 2017 and worked in their legal department since 2006. On behalf of SEIU she's worked on cases supporting the Affordable Care Act, DACA, and against the Defense of Marriage act and was part of the Fight for 15. Before working at SEIU she was a staff attorney at Planned Parenthood. Berner's name was listed by the liberal group Demand Justice as someone they'd like to see on the Supreme Court. Berner becomes one of just 5 LGBT federal appeals court judges, 3 appointed by Biden. The Senate also confirmed Edward Kiel and Eumi Lee to be district judges in New Jersey and Northern California respectively, bring the number of federal judges appointed by Biden to 188.

[warningsine]

Bangladesh’s top court has scaled back the quotas on government jobs that led to widespread student-led protests and violent clashes that killed more than 100 people.

On Sunday afternoon the supreme court overturned a ruling that had reintroduced quotas for all civil service jobs, meaning that 30% were reserved for veterans and relatives of those who fought in the Bangladesh war of independence in 1971.

The supreme court ruling, which was brought forward in light of the protests, stipulated that only 5% of jobs would now be reserved for descendants of freedom fighters and another 2% for those from ethnic minorities or with disabilities, with the rest open to candidates based on merit.

The return of the quotas, which had been scrapped in 2018, sparked anger among students, who argued they were unjust at a time of economic decline and unfairly benefited those in the ruling Awami League party, which was founded by those who fought in the independence war.

Peaceful demonstrations initially broke out on university campuses across the country as students mobilised through social media to demand an end to the quotas. However, the unrest turned violent last week as pro-government groups were accused of attacking the protesters with weapons and riot police used rubber bullets and teargas to break up protests.

Protesters hit back at police with bricks and stones in clashes across the country and stormed the headquarters of the state broadcaster in Dhaka, setting it alight. In another city, protesters broke into a prison and released hundreds of inmates.

The clashes between pro-government forces and protesters have left thousands injured and killed about 150, though the government has refused to release official data on the death toll. Witnesses have alleged that police violence is responsible for a large number of the fatalities.

The government has also imposed a communications blackout, with the internet shut down and phone lines widely jammed. At least 70 leaders of the political opposition and several student leaders and activists have also been arrested, accused of stirring up unrest.

As the court ruling was given on Sunday, the country remained under a strict indefinite curfew, with people banned from leaving their homes and gathering in any capacity. Police were granted “shoot on sight” orders for those who violated the curfew and the capital, Dhaka, resembled a war zone, with military personnel and tanks patrolling the streets and army helicopters flying low over the city. While the roads were largely deserted, protests continued in some quarters of the capital.

Student organisers said the supreme court ruling did not mean the end of the protests, which have escalated into the greatest challenge in years to the prime minister, Sheikh Hasina, with many calling for her resignation. Hasina, who has been in office since 2009, has been accused of authoritarianism and rampant corruption and her re-election in January was widely documented as rigged.

Mahfuzul Hasan, a protest coordinator from Jahangirnagar University, said they still had several demands that the government must meet before they would call off the demonstrations.

“Now we want justice for the lives lost of our brothers. The prime minister has to apologise and those who are guilty have to be tried,” he said. Hasan said student groups were also calling for the removal of vice-chancellors of universities where protesters faced violence, and politicians who spread inflammatory remarks about the protesters.

He said he was among many student protest leaders who now feared for their safety and were concerned about being “abducted” by law enforcement agencies, as has often happened to critics of Hasina’s government.

Hasib Al-Islam, a Dhaka university student and protest coordinator, said he saw the supreme court verdict as positive but said students were waiting to see how Hasina’s government responded and were demanding that a quota reform bill be passed through parliament.

Islam said: “Our protest against the quota system is already under way, and it will continue until the government issues a executive order in line with our reform demands.”

Among those calling for justice was the family of Abu Sayeed, a final year English student who killed in the protests on Thursday, allegedly by the police. A video of Sayeed being fired at by police during a protest at a university in the city of Rangpur had gone viral on social media before the government shut down the internet. Hospital sources said Sayeed had rubber bullet wounds on his body when he was brought in dead.

Sayeed’s brother Abu Hossain said Sayeed had been the only one in the family to make it to university. “The entire family was so proud of him; we had such high hopes for him,” said Hossain. “My parents are in shock; our only hope is lost.”

Hossain said his family stood behind the protesting students and wanted justice for his murder. “My brother died for demanding fair rights for every student,” he said. “He died a martyr. I hope he’ll be remembered for it and his death was not in vain.”

[jewish-vents]

I'm an American Jew. The confluence of events we're witnessing now is unbelievably fucking terrifying.

If you take the massive uptick in acceptance of antisemitism on both the left and the right, and you combine that with the increasing likelihood of a second Trump presidency, and you put all of THAT together with the latest Supreme Court disaster that says well ACKSHUALLY it's kind of OK for presidents to do whatever they want with no real legal repercussions....

Well, this doesn't add up to anything good. Historically speaking, there is ample proof of all this adding up to something extremely bad. Even if nobody decides to go after Jews in an official capacity right now, we're getting more and more precursors in place that will make it possible for someone to do it down the road.

And I don't know how to explain to anybody that we can't afford to keep heading down this path. And it's clear to me that there's really nowhere left to run to. My ancestors made their way to the US because it was one of the last safe places to go at the time. The US is getting less and less safe by the minute, but the rest of the world is just as bad or worse. There's still Israel, but there's bombs falling on it all the time so that doesn't exactly count as safety either.

I had not thought to see it get this bad in my lifetime. I don't know what to do.

.

[c-optimistic]

For months now, I’ve watched in horror as posts about genocide and stopping a war have stopped and turned into talking points for the election. ‘Vote blue no matter who’ I see plastered everywhere, as though this messaging is anything but a fresh coat of paint over a rotten and dirty and collapsing structure, unable to hide the stench or the oozing of the blood of those who suffer every single day under the policies enacted by the current administration.

I don’t particularly care who any of you vote for. And I’m happy to reassure you I live in a red state where my vote is meaningless. I just don’t really comprehend this refusal to admit that we’ve been down this road before. ‘We gotta save our democracy,’ and ‘don’t you know that we’ll be living in Gilead,’ and ‘how can we save anyone else unless we secure our rights first?’

A lot of people much smarter than me, more eloquent than me, with bigger followings than me, have spoken on this. And I don’t particularly care to rehash political arguments beyond pointing out one thing: when a party stops talking policy and starts only fear-mongering, we’ve already lost. Blame citizens united, blame the Supreme Court, blame lobbying groups, blame dark money, but at the end of the day, the two parties have far more in common than they have differences. They got the time to send billions worth of weapons to kill innocents, got the time to ban TikTok, got the time to make the rich richer, and while they’re doing all that, they have us squabble over scraps. The red guys drape themselves in a flag and shout that the gays and immigrants are out to get them, and the blue guys drape themselves in a rainbow and say actually no, men with guns are gonna force us into nuclear families.

It’s funny, isn’t it. How both these parties get along just fine when it comes to money and murdering babies. But somehow, when it comes to helping vets or giving kids a good education or respecting a small government or caring about the environment or getting affordable healthcare, then the other guys are intransigent and out to get us.

I don’t care for the lesser of two evils argument. I don’t believe that our only choice every four years is to be scared enough to vote for a politician who seems to keep doing the same thing no matter whether there’s a R or a D next to their name. It’s heartbreaking to see people I respect choose to turn away from those who suffer in the name of minimizing damage, as though we’re all powerless somehow.

Most of all, I wonder if any of us truly comprehend what those who suffer at the hands of our policies hear when we say these things. That our safety matters more? That it’s okay for us to halt pressure on our elected leaders for the sake of a democracy that we’ve convinced ourselves we have? Do we think the homeless vet with cancer in California dealing with sweeps by a democratic governor has time to wait? Or that kid with polio in Gaza? While innocents are sentenced to death as a result of a broken criminal legal system and the democrats have—for the first time in over a decade—removed death penalty abolishment from their platform? We scream ‘vote blue no matter who’ and our tax dollars go to bombing kids in shelters, go to separating families at the border, go to funding wars and havoc and pain worldwide, and we ignore that both the nominees are more willing to appeal to the basest of human behavior rather than choose to make the world a better place for everyone and not just a few.

I didn’t watch the convention. I couldn’t. Why this celebrity worship of politicians who have done nothing to deserve the praise? Why turn our political leaders into paragons without reproach rather than what they all actually are: people. People who are corruptible, greedy, easily manipulated, and willing to sacrifice large swaths of innocents for the sake of their careers. Why should we celebrate either of these nominees? Why shouldn’t we instead demand better? Demand real policy outside of just ‘the other guy is worse.’ I know he is. That’s not the issue.

I don’t want slogans and pretty words. I don’t want to be scared into voting for someone I know will carry on a genocide, all in the name of saving myself. I want real actionable plans. I want to keep pushing those in politics to fight for something other than lining their own pockets. Civic duty is about more than harm reduction. It’s about more than merely securing the best outcome for ourselves. It’s about fighting, with each other, not against, for a fair and equitable society for everyone. I don’t believe we are without power, that true change is out of reach. They wouldn’t try so hard to silence us and keep us distracted by fighting each other if we didn’t have power.

And yet, I have no hope whatsoever that we will obtain any meaningful political change. Not today, not in November. Not for those children in Gaza, not for those unhoused folks in California, and certainly not for the average American, who has more in common with her flag waving and rainbow wearing neighbors than any politician.

But don’t you worry, I’m sure in four years’ time, we’ll all have a new bogeyman to be scared of, and we can start this whole process yet again.

[mariacallous]

Five years since Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s government stripped Jammu and Kashmir of its autonomous status, the central government’s iron-fisted approach to the region has left it more vulnerable to regional and geopolitical threats.

While Kashmir Valley, which has withstood the brunt of armed insurgency since 1989, continues to simmer with militancy-related violence, the theater of terrorism has now extended into the otherwise peaceful province of Jammu. Since 2019, at least 262 soldiers and 171 civilians have died in more than 690 incidents, including the February 2019 Pulwama terrorist attack. The unsustainable and disproportionate loss of lives underscores the risks to both regional stability and India’s national security.

In 2019, the Modi government revoked Article 370 of the Indian constitution, which granted the state of Jammu and Kashmir its special status, annihilating the contested region’s symbolic autonomy. Concurrently, the central government also imposed an indefinite curfew in the region and used internet shutdowns and arrests to control and suppress the local population. The result was a transformed landscape. Already scarred by militarization, Kashmir became enmeshed in barbed wire.

This undemocratic exercise, though later stamped and endorsed by India’s Supreme Court, has since spurred further legal changes. For example, the local population no longer has access to exclusive protections that previously allowed only permanent residents of Jammu and Kashmir to apply for government jobs and buy property in the state.

In March 2020, the government repealed 12 and amended 14 land-related laws, introducing a clause that paved the way for a development authority to confiscate land and another that allowed high-ranking army officials to declare a local area as strategically important.

Local residents are appalled at the ease with which government agencies can now seize both residential and agricultural lands in the name of development and security—enabling mass evictions and the bulldozing of houses that are disproportionately affecting Muslim communities and small landowners.

Meanwhile, the ecological fallout from introducing massive road and railway networks, coupled with the addition of mega hydroelectricity projects, is polluting riverbeds and causing villages to sink. Since 2019, there has been a lack of local representation which could act as a buffer against massive development projects, most of which now fall under New Delhi’s governance. Meanwhile, the region’s unemployment rate, as of 2023, remains high at above 18 percent, as compared to the national average of 8 percent.

Over the last few years, the Modi government has also squashed dissent in the region by redirecting the military to maintain surveillance and control of the civilian population. According to the Forum for Human Rights in Jammu and Kashmir, over 2,700 people were arrested in the region between 2020 and 2023 under India’s contentious Unlawful Activities (Prevention) Act and the Public Safety Act. Those arrested include journalists like Fahad Shah and Sajad Gul, human rights defenders like Khurram Pervez, and prominent lawyers like Mian Qayoom and Nazir Ronga.

Modi’s repressive policies have deepened the trust deficit between Kashmiris and the Indian government. The top-down administration has further sidelined local bureaucrats and police officers, further widening the gap between the central government and local ground realities.

All of this has not only pushed the local population into distress, but also jeopardized India’s already fragile relations with its two nuclear neighbors, Pakistan and China.

The Kashmir conflict, rooted in the 1947 partition of India, has led to three major wars and several military skirmishes between India, Pakistan, and China. And though the region has always been contentious—India controls more than half of the total land, while Pakistan controls 30 percent, and China holds the remaining 15 percent in the northeast region near Ladakh—Modi’s aggressive handling has further provoked its neighbors.

Following the revocation of Article 370, the region was split into two separate union territories—Jammu and Kashmir forming one and Ladakh forming another, with both falling under the central government’s control.

This redrawing of the region’s internal borders, which signaled New Delhi’s assertions of reclaiming the Chinese-occupied territory near Ladakh—as well as India’s increasing tilt towards the United States—resulted in a deadly clash between India and China in 2020 and another one in 2022. Despite diplomatic efforts to resolve tensions over the disputed Himalayan border, New Delhi has accused Beijing of carrying out “inch by inch” land grabs in Ladakh since 2020.

Meanwhile, Pakistan-administered Kashmir has been rocked by mass protests of its own this year, owing to the country’s political and economic crisis, exacerbated in part by the abrogation of Article 370. Those living in Pakistan-administered Kashmir fear that Pakistan may similarly try to dilute the autonomy of the region.

With refugees flooding in from Afghanistan on its west amidst Imran Khan’s standoff with the Pakistani Army, Islamabad has been on edge and looking for diversionary tactics. The deepening of Pakistani-Chinese relations, including military ties, has contributed to a volatile mix.

But Kashmir’s vulnerability has worsened partly because of India’s own tactical blunders, too. The last decade witnessed a spurt in home-grown militancy, but since 2019 the landscape has been dominated by well-trained militants from across the Pakistani border who have access to sophisticated weapons and technology.

Indian security forces, including paramilitaries and the local police, have turned a blind eye to these emerging threats, especially in the twin districts of Rajouri and Poonch along the border with Pakistan. It is in this area that the impact of terror attacks has been most felt.

The region is home to the nomadic Gujjar-Bakerwal communities and the ethnolinguistic Paharis. These groups are parts of divided families straddling the India-Pakistan border, and this shared cultural linkage between the Indian and Pakistani sides has been weaponized in the past by intelligence networks of both countries.

The Indian armed forces have historically relied on the Gujjar-Bakerwal communities for intelligence gathering in part because of their nomadic lives and deep knowledge of the region’s topography. However, since 2019, the evictions of nomads from forest lands, following the amendment of several land-related laws, as well as affirmative actions for Paharis, a rival ethnic group, have led to the disenchantment of the Gujjar-Bakerwals—and an eventual loss of traditional intelligence assets for India.

Another blunder has been the redeployment of troops from Jammu to the border with China in the northeast, following China’s incursions in Ladakh’s Galwan Valley in 2020. This has left Jammu dangerously exposed to militants who have been infiltrating the region from across the line of control on the western side and carrying out their operations with a fair degree of success.

In 2024 alone, Jammu has witnessed numerous attacks which have resulted in the deaths of 16 soldiers and 12 civilians. In June, for example, the region experienced one of its deadliest attacks when militants opened fire on a bus carrying Hindu pilgrims, killing nine and injuring over 30.

Kashmir’s internal politics has the potential to spill over and push the region into disaster. While India has made some significant strides in international diplomacy under Modi, it tends to neglect the neighborhood where the risks to India’s national security remain the highest. Its diplomatic engagement with China comes in fits and starts but diplomacy with Pakistan remains nonexistent, despite the resumption of a ceasefire in 2021. And while India considers the removal of Jammu and Kashmir’s special status an internal matter, Pakistan sees it as a provocation. All in all, there is a dangerous lack of engagement between the two nuclear rivals in South Asia.

In theory, the ongoing regional elections in Jammu and Kashmir provide a glimmer of opportunity for the people to choose their own local government for the first time in a decade. However, irrespective of who wins the elections, the local leaders will lack the power to enact meaningful change, given that the region remains under the control of New Delhi following its demotion from a state to two union territories.

For instance, Ladakh does not have a legislative assembly, and while Jammu and Kashmir have an elected assembly, the real powers are vested in the hands of a governor, who was appointed to lead the region by the Modi-led central government. As recently as July, the Indian government ruled to further expand the governor’s oversight powers, delivering a blow to local politicians and voters.

Much more needs to be done to change the status quo. Though it remains unlikely, New Delhi must consider meaningful solutions that could assuage some of the political wounds inflicted by the complete erosion of Jammu and Kashmir’s autonomy, including, for example, the restoration of statehood to the region. In order to win back the trust of Kashmiris, the Indian government must reinstate civil liberties and deliver on its promise to provide economic development and jobs.

To improve the region’s safety, Indian agencies must acknowledge their security lapses and repair their broken intelligence networks. And while the Indian security forces must not lower their guard against terrorist activities, terrorism should not be proffered as an excuse when it comes to the normalization of relations in the neighborhood.

Neither Pakistan, nor India can afford the war which is looming over their heads. Diplomatic negotiations, including over Kashmir, must begin with a sense of urgency.

[gatekeeper-watchman]

Who may be committing a crime? Protests that turn violent are called "riots." First Amendment rights aside, there are laws against rioting and inciting others to riot. The following article looks at federal and state prohibitions against rioting and inciting to riot.

The right to protest is among the oldest and most respected rights in the American democratic system. The right of citizens to peacefully protest is protected by the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. But there are limits to even the most important rights.

Most states have their own laws defining what constitutes a riot and incitement to riot. After the 2021 insurrection at the U.S. Capitol, hundreds of people faced charges under federal laws, including offenses based on their role in the riot that day.

What Are Rioting, Inciting to Riot, and Related Offenses?

Federal law defines what a riot is. It needs to have all the following criteria: A public disturbance

Involve three or more people

The group engages in acts of violence

There is a clear and present danger of damage to property or injury to people

The law includes threats of violence if those involved could immediately act on the threat.

Under federal law, inciting a riot (18 U.S. Code Section 2101) includes acts of "organizing, promoting, encouraging, participating in a riot" and urging or instigating others to riot.

The criminal code clarifies that incitement is not the same as simply advocating ideas or expressing beliefs in speech or writing. To qualify as incitement, the speech must advocate violence, the rightness of violence, or the right to commit violent acts.

Federal riot crimes provide up to five years in prison upon conviction.

Protected Speech Versus Incitement

Citizens have a right to free speech in the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution. The extent of that right has been continually tested. It has been strongly protected at all levels of government, but that right is not unlimited.

In the case of Brandenburg v. Ohio (1969), the Supreme Court found that speech is not constitutionally protected if it is:

Intended to produce imminent violent conduct

Likely to produce imminent violent conduct

However, the limits of free speech are still being defined in the courts. A Ninth Circuit decision found that statutory language was "overly broad" in the federal riot statute that criminalizes "promoting" or "encouraging" a riot.

Restrictions on Unlawful Assembly

The First Amendment's right to freedom of assembly is also not unlimited. First, the right only applies to the right to "peaceably assemble." There is no right to assemble to engage in violent acts.

Cities can also regulate the right of peaceable assembly by requiring permits or limiting demonstrations to a designated area. Cities may have practical concerns regarding crowd size and protestor safety. Cities must also safely maintain or divert road traffic. During a demonstration, law enforcement must watch for groups engaging in vandalism or other crimes.

If a group of people gathers intending to disturb the public peace, they could be charged with unlawful assembly or a similar offense like civil disorder. 

When Is Rioting a Federal Crime?

A person would be charged under federal law if the following are true:

Rioting occurs on federal lands, federal government buildings, VA hospitals, military bases, etc.

The person traveled between states or countries to participate in a riot (though the law specifically states it is not intended to prevent travel for legitimate purposes)

The person used interstate or foreign commerce (internet, mail, telephone, radio, television, or social media) to communicate intent to:

Incite a riot

Organize, promote, encourage, participate in, or carry on a riot

Commit any act of violence in furtherance of a riot

Aid or abet any person in inciting, participating in, or carrying on a riot or committing any act of violence in furtherance of a riot

Federal law enforcement uses its discretion. They may not involve themselves in protests or demonstrations that do not occur on federal property.

In most circumstances, state and local police will take action to suppress a riot. Thus, most riot charges will occur under state laws. State laws apply to anyone present in the state when the criminal act happens.

Prosecutions in Both State and Federal Courts

In most cases, a person can be prosecuted for committing the same criminal acts in both state and federal court.

The U.S. Supreme Court affirmed this view in its ruling in Gamble v. United States (2019), upholding the dual sovereignty doctrine. That doctrine states there is no violation of double jeopardy because the state and the federal government are separate sovereigns.

But, sometimes, a statute will say a person cannot be charged in both federal and state court. In the case of rioting, the federal statute specifically states that a judgment, conviction, or acquittal under state law bars federal prosecution for the same act. This statute creates protection from federal prosecution that would not typically exist.

Rioting and Inciting to Riot: California State Law and History

California serves as an example of state rioting laws. The state has seen major protests during tense periods in U.S. civil rights history.

California witnessed riots in 1992 after news spread of not-guilty verdicts. The criminal case was against the police officers charged with beating Rodney King.

After the 2020 murder of George Floyd at the hands of police officers in Minneapolis, large protests occurred in several California cities and counties. In Los Angeles, Riverside, and Orange County, protests turned violent when individuals at the protest damaged store windows and police cruisers. In one Los Angeles demonstration, protesters placed an L.A.P.D. officer in a chokehold and kicked him.

Large-scale protests always present a risk of violence, whether from the protesters themselves or counter-protesters that appear and cause trouble. Law enforcement must balance the rights of protesters to demonstrate peacefully and the need to maintain order and public safety when things spin out of control.

Differences Between Riot and Incitement To Riot Charges

California prohibits participating in a riot and inciting a riot.

California Penal Code section 404 defines a riot as:

Any use of force or violence, disturbing the peace, or any threat to use force or violence

Accompanied by immediate power of execution

By two or more persons acting together

Without the authority of law

Participating in a riot is a misdemeanor offense. Upon conviction, an offender may face up to one year in county jail, a $1,000 fine, or both.

The crime of incitement to riot is similar. The elements of the crime are as follows:

With the intent to cause a riot

A person acts or engages in conduct

That (1) urges a riot, or (2) urges others to commit acts of force or violence, or property damage (the burning or destroying of property)

Under circumstances that produce a clear, present, and immediate danger

Of acts of force or violence, or property damage

Incitement to riot is also a misdemeanor offense. An offender faces up to one year of jail time, a $1,000 fine, or both after conviction. The offense can become a felony if an offender commits incitement to riot at a prison or county jail and it results in serious bodily injury. The penalty can increase to up to three years in state prison.

Legal Defenses to Riot and Inciting a Riot

Most defense strategies for riot or inciting a riot focus on the protest's turmoil once things get out of hand. Common defenses in such cases may include the following.

Mistaken Identity

The defendant may claim that they were present at the protest or rally, but they did not engage in acts that amount to riot or incitement to riot. The defendant may use the chaos to question witness accounts of the defendant's role or behavior. The witness or law enforcement may have mistaken the person's identity. 

No Clear and Present Danger

The defendant may admit to some role in urging protestors to engage in violent acts. But they may deny that the circumstances presented any clear, present, and immediate danger. If the evidence supports this view, the defendant may seek to reduce the charges to disorderly conduct or disturbing the peace.

Self-Defense or Defense of Others

The defendant may claim that misconduct by the police forced the defendant to engage in violent acts or to urge violent acts in self-defense or defense of others. Depending on the law of the jurisdiction, the defendant may claim a right to reasonably stand their ground if they perceived an assault by the police.

Tips for Organizing a Peaceful Protest

Protest organizers must exercise free speech and assembly rights carefully to avoid criminal charges. Impassioned protests could surge beyond organizers’ control. You cannot determine the actions of everyone who attends. This risk can make planning a protest challenging.

Learn about your local and state protest laws. You may need a permit to hold a march, rally, or parade. You might also need a permit to protest in certain areas.

You may want to take precautions to reduce the risk of incitement to riot charges, such as the following:

Get guidance from a civil rights lawyer during planning activities

Clearly state that the protest will be nonviolent in all related communications

Share accurate legal sources to inform the attendees about protesters’ rights and obligations

Learn how the law defines violent language

Review drafts of your speeches and online posts for potentially violent language or expression

Avoid verbal speech that may appear to be a call or threat of violence

Prepare for emergencies with plans for if violence begins or you face an arrest, including knowing phone numbers for emergency contacts like a criminal defense lawyer

Protest organizers’ liability for violence is a complex area of civil and criminal law. Despite the best intentions, you may encounter accusations of inciting a riot. A strong legal defense may become essential to protect your civil rights.

Get Legal Help With Your Riot or Inciting to Riot Charges

You can face serious penalties if you have been charged with rioting or incitement to riot at the federal or state level. You will want to seek the best defense from a skilled lawyer. Talk with a criminal defense attorney in your area today and learn how they can help.

[theyourstruly]

Prince Alexander George Philip of Wales. Born in 1984 (Diana and Charles Married in 1983 instead of 1981) 2nd in line to the british throne. After his father HRH The Prince of Wales b. 1948 and grandmother Her Majesty The Queen b. 1926.

He is the eldest son of Prince Charles and Diana, Princess Of Wales (Passed away in 2000)

He has two siblings Prince William b. 1985 and Prince Henry b. 1987. (Harry)

Alexander was born during the reign of his paternal grandmother, Queen Elizabeth II. He was educated at Wetherby School, Ludgrove School and Eton College. He earned a Master of Science degree in Engineering at the University of Cambridge in 2007.

After university, Alexander trained at the Royal Military Academy Sandhurst prior to serving with the Blues and Royals. In 2009 Alexander graduated from the Royal Air Force College Cranwell, joining the RAF Search and Rescue Force in early 2010.

Alexander performs official duties and engagements on behalf of the monarch since 2007 even though he’s not a full-time working royal yet.

He holds patronage with over 10 charitable and military organisations, including

- Tusk Trust: An African conservation charity, based in UK.

- NHS Charities Together: NHS Charities Together is the membership organisation for more than 240 of the NHS charities across the U.K. It provides a forum for nationwide campaigns; specialist advice and guidance; bespoke events and training opportunities.

- London International Youth Science Forum: To empower young people from all backgrounds to pursue their potential in science and engineering.

- Practical Action: Helps rural people in developing countries to help themselves through skills and technology.

- RedR UK: Charity providing trained engineers to relief agencies after humanitarian disasters.

- Institute of Advanced Motorists: An independent organisation working for responsible motoring and road safety research.

- Aerospace Bristol: Aerospace Bristol will be a new, £18.6m, nine-acre museum at Bristol Filton Airfield which will trace the pioneering stories of innovation over the last century to include the future of air and space travel.

- Ambition: Voluntary organistaion providing sporting, creative and training opportunities for young people.

- Care for Veterans: Provides residential nursing care, rehabilitation, respite and end of life care to physically disabled ex-Service personnel and their families.

- Welsh Rugby Union: Sporting association for rugby in Wales.

At the age of 21, Alexander was appointed a Counsellor of State; he first served in that capacity when the Queen attended the Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting in the same year. In July 2007, he embarked on his first solo public engagements on an overseas tour of New Zealand, travelling to participate in World War II commemorations. According to author Tina Brown, he had, like his father, expressed a desire to become Governor-General of Australia. In 2011, the Queen set up a private office for Alexander, William and Harry with David Manning as their adviser. Manning accompanied Alexander on his first official tour in January 2011 as he toured Auckland and Wellington; Alexander opened the new building of the Supreme Court of New Zealand and was welcomed by a Māori chief. The visit spurred crowds of "many thousands", with positive public reception compared to that of his mother's 1985 tour.

Upon graduation from university, Alexander interned in land management at Chatsworth House and in banking at HSBC. To prepare for his eventual management of the Duchy of Cornwall.

He’s been very private about his relationships and has been linked to multiple woman countless of times even if there’s been zero evidence. He’s a very private person and has a tight knit group of friends. If he hears that you may have been talking, he will cut you off. He definitely doesn’t like the fact that his business is out there for everyone to see.

[werindialive]

Justice Varma Case: 5 Cops Submit Phones for Inquiry Amid Cash Controversy 

Five police personnel who were the first responders to a fire at the residence of Delhi High Court Judge Justice Yashwant Varma on March 14 have submitted their mobile phones to the Delhi Police headquarters. This move is part of an ongoing inquiry into the case after allegations surfaced about cash being found at the judge’s residence during the fire. 

Police Cooperation in Inquiry 

According to sources, the phones will be examined by a three-member committee of judges set up by Chief Justice of India Sanjiv Khanna. The committee is investigating the circumstances surrounding the incident and the alleged discovery of cash. 

On Monday morning, Delhi Police Commissioner Sanjay Arora met the five police personnel, including the station house officer (SHO) of Tughlaq Road police station, a sub-inspector, two head constables, and a constable. One of the head constables is also the investigating officer in the case. Arora urged them to fully cooperate with the inquiry and share any relevant information. 

Fire Incident and Investigation 

The Delhi Police has also sought details from the Delhi Fire Service regarding the cause of the fire, which started in a storeroom attached to the judge’s residence. According to reports, on the night of the incident, the judge’s personal assistant made a call for help, leading to the arrival of two fire tenders before the police reached the location. Officials from the NDMC and CPWD were also present, and the fire was brought under control within 20 minutes. 

Meanwhile, the New Delhi district police has prepared two reports on the incident and submitted them to the police chief’s office. Additionally, the Delhi Police has provided details of security personnel stationed at Justice Varma’s residence over the past six months, along with his call records, to the Delhi High Court Chief Justice’s office. 

Justice Varma’s Response 

Justice Varma has denied any cash was present at his residence during the fire. He stated that when the fire broke out around midnight, his daughter and private secretary immediately alerted the fire service. Due to safety concerns, all staff and household members were moved away from the fire scene. Once the fire was extinguished, they returned but did not see any cash at the site. 

Supreme Court Recommends Justice Varma’s Transfer 

Following the controversy, the Supreme Court has formally recommended the transfer of Justice Varma to his parent High Court of Allahabad. The inquiry into the case continues as authorities gather more details regarding the incident and the allegations. 

This case has raised serious questions, and further developments are expected as the investigation progresses. For the top news headlines India in Hindi, subscribe to our newsletter! 

[dhruv31]

Brigade Altius Sholinganallur | Best Rates on Flats

Brigade Altius Sholinganallur this residential enclave is meant to offer a harmonious blend of comfort, convenience and elegance for residents in the 3 and 4 BHK flats being offered. Safe and sound with fantastic security and connectivity, these are the homes ideal for families and investors in search of an upscale living experience in one of Chennai’s premium locations. The city is home to many upscale residential projects on account of rapid urbanization and a thriving real estate market; and amongst these, stands the one that boasts the entirety of luxury and sophistication.

Location Advantages:

Sholinganallur is one of the vibrant districts meant for IT and Brigade Altius Residences in Sholinganallur affording it a second prime location with seamless connectivity to the primary commercial and entertainment corridors of the city. The locality is famous for being close to IT parks, corporate offices, reputed schools, healthcare centers and shopping malls. Nearby shopping and leisure destinations like Vivira Mall, Marina Mall and Phoenix Marketcity contribute to a comfortable urban life. Residents can find good schools nearby such as PSBB Millennium School, Babaji Vidhyashram and Sathyabama University, which guarantees quality education for their children.

Connectivity:

The connectivity is so great that a resident can commute day for day with ease. This has direct access to the Brigade Altius Sholinganallur major arterial roads Old Mahabalipuram Road (OMR), East Coast Road (ECR), and Grand Southern Trunk (GST), which allows for easy travelling across Chennai. The proposed Chennai Metro and bus services will further enhance connectivity with the main business districts as well as the residential areas. This connectivity gives the residents a chance to traverse throughout the city with great ease intermixed with the comfort of a well-laid residential arrangement.

Security:

Security and safety for residents come first with these apartments. The technologically advanced security features incorporated in the project include the provision of 24/7 CCTV surveillance and monitoring for security purposes. The gated community promotes safety with controlled access in Brigade Altius. In-house trained security personnel are available at the entry and exit points. Fire safety systems and protocols for emergency response make for extra protection.

Amenities:

Highlighted amenities include a well-equipped fitness club and a finely maintained swimming pool for health and wellness green open spaces conducive to relaxation and outdoor activities basketball and badminton courts for an active lifestyle specially designed areas for elderly residents and an exclusive area for kids to play and socialize in a safe environment.

Conclusion:

Living in this development is an extension of luxury, comfort and modernism. This unparalleled lifestyle offers supreme connectivity, robust safety and amenities of world standards. This is an unmissable opportunity in the quickly evolving real estate market of Chennai, whether with respect to one’s dream house or investment purpose in Brigade Altius Price.

[news365timesindia]

[ad_1] Mumbai, Maharashtra: Shiv Sena (UBT) leader Sanjay Raut has called on Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah to hold a high-level meeting with Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis and Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah to prevent a repeat of the Belagavi violence that has once again escalated tensions between the two states. The demand comes after a Marathi-speaking bus driver was assaulted in Belagavi, allegedly for not speaking in Kannada, sparking widespread outrage in Maharashtra. In response, Shiv Sena (UBT) workers staged protests in Pune, blackening Karnataka-registered buses at the Swargate Bus Stand on Saturday. Raut Condemns Attacks, Questions Karnataka Government Addressing the border dispute between Maharashtra and Karnataka, Raut criticized the Karnataka government for allowing violence against Marathi-speaking residents in Belagavi, despite the matter being sub judice in the Supreme Court. “We do not want such incidents to take place. The Prime Minister and Home Minister should call for a meeting with the Chief Ministers of Maharashtra and Karnataka. The Belagavi border dispute is already in the Supreme Court. Even then, how is the Karnataka government allowing such attacks on Marathi people, closing Marathi schools, and targeting cultural organizations? This is unacceptable,” Raut said. He pointed out that Karnataka-origin communities in Maharashtra have never faced hostility, urging for mutual respect and peaceful coexistence. “There are many people from Karnataka in Maharashtra who run businesses, hotels, and organizations. We have never troubled them, nor will we ever do so. We are all united as Indians. This is an issue of language and culture. If Marathi people in Belagavi want to run Marathi schools, what is wrong with that? In Maharashtra, we have Kannada schools as well,” he added. Shiv Sena (UBT) Workers Blacken Karnataka Buses in Protest Following the attack on the MSRTC driver, Shiv Sena (UBT) workers staged protests in Pune, targeting Karnataka-registered buses by spraying black paint on one of them. Pune Deputy Commissioner of Police Smartana Patil confirmed that law enforcement had been deployed to prevent escalation. “As soon as we got information that Shiv Sena (UBT) workers were planning a protest, we deployed security forces. They managed to blacken one bus, but there was no major damage,” Patil told ANI. The police have detained four to five suspects, with more arrests expected based on video evidence. Maharashtra Suspends Bus Services to Karnataka In the wake of the incident, Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC) announced an indefinite suspension of bus services between Kolhapur and Karnataka for the safety of passengers and employees. MSRTC Chief Public Relations Officer Abhijit Bhosale confirmed the decision, stating, “As per the Transport Minister’s directions, ST buses traveling from Kolhapur to Karnataka have been cancelled indefinitely until the situation is brought under control.” The move follows the assault of MSRTC driver Bhaskar Jadhav on the night of February 21. Jadhav was attacked by activists from a Karnataka-based group when his bus, en route from Bangalore to Mumbai, was stopped near Chitradurga. Maharashtra’s Transport Minister Pratap Sarnaik personally reached out to Jadhav, reassuring him of government support. “You are not alone; our government stands firmly behind you. Until the Karnataka government takes a clear stance on this issue and engages in discussions with Maharashtra, bus services will remain suspended,” Sarnaik stated. Rising Tensions Amid Belagavi Dispute The Maharashtra-Karnataka border dispute over Belagavi has been a long-standing issue, with Marathi-speaking residents in the region demanding recognition of their linguistic and cultural rights. While the case is pending in the Supreme Court, incidents of violence and political clashes have reignited tensions, leading to a cycle of retaliatory actions in both states.

With pressure mounting on both governments to prevent further escalation, political observers believe that intervention from the Centre will be crucial in diffusing tensions and ensuring the safety of residents on both sides of the border.     The post Sanjay Raut Urges Modi, Shah to Intervene Amid Maharashtra-Karnataka Tensions Over Belagavi Incident appeared first on Global Governance News- Asia's First Bilingual News portal for Global News and Updates. [ad_2] Source link

[batboyblog]

Things Biden and the Democrats did, this week. #6

Feb 16-23 2024

The EPA announced 5.8 billion dollars in funding upgrade America's water systems. 2.6 billion will go to wastewater and stormwater infrastructure, while the remaining $3.2 billion will go to drinking water infrastructure. $1 billion will go toward the first major effort to remove PFASs, forever chemicals, from American drinking water. The Administration all reiterated its plans to remove all lead pipes from America's drinking water systems, its spent 6 billion on lead pipe replacement so far.

The Department of Education announced the cancellation of $1.2 billion in student loan debt reliving 153,000 borrowers. This is the first debt cancellation through the Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE) Plan, which erases federal student loan balances for those who originally borrowed $12,000 or less and have been making payments for at least 10 years. Since the Biden Administration's more wide ranging student loan cancellation plan was struck down by the Supreme Court in 2023 the Administration has used a patchwork of different plans and authorities to cancel $138 billion in student debt and relieve nearly 4 million borrowers, so far.

First Lady Jill Biden announced $100 million in federal funding for women’s health research. This is part of the White House Initiative on Women’s Health Research the First Lady launched last year. The First Lady outlined ways women get worse treatment outcomes because common health problems like heart attacks and cancer are often less understood in female patients.

The Biden Administration announced 500 new sanctions against Russian targets in response to the murder of Russian dissident Alexei Navalny. The sanctions will target people involved in Navalny's imprisonment as well as sanctions evaders. President Biden met with Navalny's widow Yulia and their daughter Dasha in San Francisco

The White House and Department of Agriculture announced $700 Million in new investments to benefit people in rural America. The projects will help up to a million people living in 45 states, Puerto Rico, and the Northern Mariana Islands. It includes $51.7 million to expand access to high-speed internet, and $644.2 million to help 158 rural cooperatives and utilities provide clean drinking water and sanitary wastewater systems for 578,000 people in rural areas.

The Department of Commerce signed a deal to provide $1.5 billion in upgrades and expand chip factories in New York and Vermont to boost American semiconductor manufacturing. This is the biggest investment so far under the 2022 CHIPS and Science Act

the Department of Transportation announced $1.25 billion in  funding for local projects that improve roadway safety. This is part of the administration's Safe Streets and Roads for All (SS4A) program launched in 2022. So far SS4A has spent 1.7 billion dollars in 1,000 communities impacting 70% of America's population.

The EPA announced $19 million to help New Jersey buy electric school buses. Together with New Jersey's own $45 million dollar investment the state hopes to replace all its diesel buses over the next three years. The Biden Administration's investment will help electrify 5 school districts in the state. This is part of the The Clean School Bus Program which so far has replaced 2,366 buses at 372 school districts since it was enacted in 2022.

Bonus: NASA in partnership with Intuitive Machines landed a space craft, named Odysseus, on the moon, representing the first time in 50 years America has gone to the moon. NASA is preparing for astronauts to return to the moon by the end of the decade as part of the Artemis program. All under the leadership of NASA Administrator, former Democratic Senator and astronaut Bill Nelson.

[news365times]

[ad_1] Mumbai, Maharashtra: Shiv Sena (UBT) leader Sanjay Raut has called on Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah to hold a high-level meeting with Maharashtra Chief Minister Devendra Fadnavis and Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah to prevent a repeat of the Belagavi violence that has once again escalated tensions between the two states. The demand comes after a Marathi-speaking bus driver was assaulted in Belagavi, allegedly for not speaking in Kannada, sparking widespread outrage in Maharashtra. In response, Shiv Sena (UBT) workers staged protests in Pune, blackening Karnataka-registered buses at the Swargate Bus Stand on Saturday. Raut Condemns Attacks, Questions Karnataka Government Addressing the border dispute between Maharashtra and Karnataka, Raut criticized the Karnataka government for allowing violence against Marathi-speaking residents in Belagavi, despite the matter being sub judice in the Supreme Court. “We do not want such incidents to take place. The Prime Minister and Home Minister should call for a meeting with the Chief Ministers of Maharashtra and Karnataka. The Belagavi border dispute is already in the Supreme Court. Even then, how is the Karnataka government allowing such attacks on Marathi people, closing Marathi schools, and targeting cultural organizations? This is unacceptable,” Raut said. He pointed out that Karnataka-origin communities in Maharashtra have never faced hostility, urging for mutual respect and peaceful coexistence. “There are many people from Karnataka in Maharashtra who run businesses, hotels, and organizations. We have never troubled them, nor will we ever do so. We are all united as Indians. This is an issue of language and culture. If Marathi people in Belagavi want to run Marathi schools, what is wrong with that? In Maharashtra, we have Kannada schools as well,” he added. Shiv Sena (UBT) Workers Blacken Karnataka Buses in Protest Following the attack on the MSRTC driver, Shiv Sena (UBT) workers staged protests in Pune, targeting Karnataka-registered buses by spraying black paint on one of them. Pune Deputy Commissioner of Police Smartana Patil confirmed that law enforcement had been deployed to prevent escalation. “As soon as we got information that Shiv Sena (UBT) workers were planning a protest, we deployed security forces. They managed to blacken one bus, but there was no major damage,” Patil told ANI. The police have detained four to five suspects, with more arrests expected based on video evidence. Maharashtra Suspends Bus Services to Karnataka In the wake of the incident, Maharashtra State Road Transport Corporation (MSRTC) announced an indefinite suspension of bus services between Kolhapur and Karnataka for the safety of passengers and employees. MSRTC Chief Public Relations Officer Abhijit Bhosale confirmed the decision, stating, “As per the Transport Minister’s directions, ST buses traveling from Kolhapur to Karnataka have been cancelled indefinitely until the situation is brought under control.” The move follows the assault of MSRTC driver Bhaskar Jadhav on the night of February 21. Jadhav was attacked by activists from a Karnataka-based group when his bus, en route from Bangalore to Mumbai, was stopped near Chitradurga. Maharashtra’s Transport Minister Pratap Sarnaik personally reached out to Jadhav, reassuring him of government support. “You are not alone; our government stands firmly behind you. Until the Karnataka government takes a clear stance on this issue and engages in discussions with Maharashtra, bus services will remain suspended,” Sarnaik stated. Rising Tensions Amid Belagavi Dispute The Maharashtra-Karnataka border dispute over Belagavi has been a long-standing issue, with Marathi-speaking residents in the region demanding recognition of their linguistic and cultural rights. While the case is pending in the Supreme Court, incidents of violence and political clashes have reignited tensions, leading to a cycle of retaliatory actions in both states.

With pressure mounting on both governments to prevent further escalation, political observers believe that intervention from the Centre will be crucial in diffusing tensions and ensuring the safety of residents on both sides of the border.     The post Sanjay Raut Urges Modi, Shah to Intervene Amid Maharashtra-Karnataka Tensions Over Belagavi Incident appeared first on Global Governance News- Asia's First Bilingual News portal for Global News and Updates. [ad_2] Source link

[urbanrisehousing]

Why Flats in Padur, OMR, Are the Best Choice for Comfortable Living & Investment

The Old Mahabalipuram Road (OMR) is the lifeline of Chennai’s IT corridor. Since the launch of Tidel Park in 2000, OMR has transformed into a booming tech hub, contributing to nearly 75% of Tamil Nadu’s software exports. With over 3 lakh job opportunities, professionals prefer staying nearby, making areas like Padur, Kelambakkam, and Siruseri prime residential hotspots. Let's explore why apartment in Padur are the ideal choice for a comfortable lifestyle and a great investment.

Excellent Connectivity

OMR’s connectivity has significantly improved over the years, making it easier for residents to travel.

Road & Rail: Well-connected through MTC buses, Metro Rail (upcoming Line-3 from Madhavaram to SIPCOT 2), and arterial roads like Thoraipakkam-Pallavaram radial road.

Airport & Railway Stations: Chennai International Airport (30 km) and Guindy Railway Station (20 km) ensure seamless travel.

Upcoming Developments: Multi-deck elevated corridor, peripheral road connecting four national highways, and more.

Strong Social Infrastructure

Padur and nearby areas have developed a robust infrastructure to support the growing IT population.

Top Schools & Colleges: Sishya OMR, American International School, Hindustan University, SSN College.

Healthcare Facilities: Chettinad Health City, Supreme Hospital, Lifeline Hospital.

Entertainment & Shopping: Marina Grand Mall, Mayajaal, MGM, AGS Cinema, and Muttukadu.

New-Gen Homes: Luxury & High ROI

Leading real estate developers are offering modern, luxury flats in Padur with world-class amenities, ensuring a high quality of life and excellent ROI.

Premium Amenities: Gated communities with clubhouses, swimming pools, sports courts, supermarkets, and skill development hubs.

High Security: 24/7 security, visitor management systems, and strict access control for enhanced safety.

Strong Investment Potential: Padur has witnessed impressive capital appreciation and offers great rental yields, making it a smart investment choice.

Final Thoughts

With top-notch connectivity, excellent social infrastructure, and modern housing options, flats in Padur offer the perfect blend of comfort, security, and investment potential. Whether you're looking for a dream home or a future-proof investment, Padur in OMR is the place to be!

[paintprotectionfilmservices]

A Guide To Legal Regulations For Car Sun Films

Car owners frequently choose car sun films because of its advantages, which include improved privacy, heat reduction, and UV protection. However, strict legal regulations, particularly with regard to visible light transmission (VLT), govern the usage of sun films in India. It is essential to comprehend these rules in order to guarantee adherence and prevent significant penalties. The main features of India’s automotive sun film regulations, which might have strict enforcement, will be covered in this tutorial.

The basics of VLT regulations in India

Citing safety concerns, the Supreme Court of India declared in 2012 that it was unlawful to use sun films on vehicles. Vehicle windows must meet certain Visible Light Transmission (VLT) limits, as stipulated by the Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) and Rule 100 of the Central Motor Vehicle Rules (CMVR), 1989. The minimum VLT for the front and rear windscreens must be 70%, while the minimum VLT for the side windows must be 50%. VLT ensures visibility while providing UV and heat protection by measuring the proportion of visible light that passes through glass. Applying aftermarket sun films of any transparency, however, is against these rules. In order to increase road safety and lower the number of crimes perpetrated by cars with severely tinted windows, it was decided to outlaw the use of any form of film or tint on automobile windows. As a result, only factory-tinted glass that meets the required VLT values is permitted.

The use of car sun films

After reading the aforementioned, you could decide against using car sun films and wonder why we mentioned earlier that car sun films are a popular option for car owners. That’s because by choosing alternatives like factory-tinted glass and transparent UV-blocking films, car owners can still benefit from UV and heat protection even while aftermarket sun films are prohibited. Numerous automakers manufacture cars with built-in glass that offers UV protection and conforms with VLT requirements. And, those without that advantage may choose to cover their automobile windows with a different film, as long as it is transparent. Such transparent UV-blocking films are entirely clear and comply with legal requirements, while blocking harmful UV rays.

Where to purchase?

Autopad is one place you can visit if you’re persuaded enough to invest in transparent UV-blocking films. In addition to meeting legal requirements, Autopad sun films for car in Jayanagar offer outstanding protection from heat and UV radiation by combining cutting-edge technology with premium materials. By lowering glare and keeping the interior cooler, these films guarantee a comfortable ride while maintaining the vehicle’s visual appeal. Autopad provides reliable options that are customized to meet your needs, whether you want to improve privacy, safeguard the interior of your car, or prioritize your health. You can explore the range of high-quality sun films at Autopad, and make the smart choice for your car.

How to stay updated on regional regulations?

Despite the aforementioned, it’s crucial to always be aware of any changes to local regulations through official government channels or your state’s official traffic police website. It can be difficult to navigate the legalities of car sun films in India. However, you can benefit from UV and heat protection without incurring penalties if you are aware of the rules and use compliance solutions. When thinking about making changes to your car, safety and legality should always come first.

Resource: Read more

[whatsissue]

Supreme Court Declines to Hear Appeal of Man Convicted in Fatal Shooting of Métis Hunters in Alberta

Supreme Court Declines to Hear Appeal of Man Convicted in Fatal Shooting of Métis Hunters in Alberta Canada’s Supreme Court has opted not to hear the appeal of Anthony Bilodeau, one of two men convicted in the tragic shooting deaths of two Métis hunters in eastern Alberta. The court's dismissal of Bilodeau's leave to appeal was announced on Thursday without providing reasons for the decision. Background of the Case The incident occurred in March 2020 when Bilodeau and his father, Roger Bilodeau, became concerned about a truck parked at the end of their rural property. After chasing down the vehicle, a confrontation ensued, resulting in the fatal shooting of Maurice Cardinal, 57, and his nephew Jacob Sansom, 39. The two men had been moose hunting prior to the incident and were found shot and left on the side of the road near Glendon, Alberta, approximately 200 kilometers northeast of Edmonton. In a trial that garnered significant public attention, Anthony Bilodeau was convicted of second-degree murder for Cardinal's death and manslaughter for Sansom's death. He received a life sentence with no chance of parole for 13 years. His father, Roger Bilodeau, was convicted of manslaughter in the deaths and sentenced to 10 years in prison. Trial Arguments and Crown’s Stance During the trial, the defense argued that the Bilodeaus acted in self-defense, believing that the hunters were attempting to steal from their family farm. However, the Crown contended that the father and son took the law into their own hands by pursuing the hunters, leading to the deadly confrontation. The case sparked discussions about vigilantism and the responsibilities of citizens when confronting suspected crimes, particularly in rural communities where tensions can run high. Roger Bilodeau’s Parole and Community Dynamics Roger Bilodeau was released on day parole in May, and last month, the Parole Board of Canada extended his release for an additional three months. In their decision, the board described him as a low risk to reoffend. They noted that his criminal actions stemmed from a "complex interplay of personal beliefs, misinterpretations, and deep-seated frustrations." The board's assessment highlighted Bilodeau’s background, stating, “Growing up in a crime-free environment and living a law-abiding life, you harbored a strong sense of responsibility towards family and property.” However, on the day of the offence, his judgment was affected by anger and mistrust, leading him to confront the hunters under mistaken beliefs about their intentions. As a condition of his day parole, Roger Bilodeau must adhere to several stipulations, including no contact with the victims' families, ongoing therapy, and a curfew due to the community dynamics related to the case. Conclusion The Supreme Court's decision not to hear Anthony Bilodeau's appeal marks another chapter in a case that has raised significant questions about justice, self-defense, and community safety. As Roger Bilodeau navigates his parole conditions, the impact of this tragic incident continues to resonate within the Métis community and beyond, reminding all of the complexities surrounding vigilantism and the tragic consequences of misperceptions. Thank you for taking the time to read this article! Your thoughts and feedback are incredibly valuable to me. What do you think about the topics discussed? Please share your insights in the comments section below, as your input helps me create even better content. I’m also eager to hear your stories! If you have a special experience, a unique story, or interesting anecdotes from your life or surroundings, please send them to me at whatsissue@gmail.com. Your stories could inspire others and add depth to our discussions. If you enjoyed this post and want to stay updated with more informative and engaging articles, don’t forget to hit the subscribe button! I’m committed to bringing you the latest insights and trends, so stay tuned for upcoming posts. Wishing you a wonderful day ahead, and I look forward to connecting with you in the comments and reading your stories! Read the full article