#Sulphur Trend

[chemanalystdata]

Sulphur Price | Prices | Pricing | News | Database | Chart

 North American

During the second quarter of 2024, the North American sulphur market displayed mixed trends. In the first half of the quarter, the market exhibited a bullish momentum. The U.S. sulphur market faced challenges due to high inflation and the looming threat of a strike by the Canadian National Railway, which disrupted supply chains and pushed the sulphur market into a bullish scenario. Additionally, the ongoing planting season heightened demand from the downstream agrochemical sector, contributing to a supply shortage of sulphur.

However, the second half of the quarter marked a shift towards a declining trend. This downturn can be attributed to several key factors, primarily a significant oversupply of sulphur, which was exacerbated by high refinery throughputs and substantial inventory levels. Despite attempts to stabilize the market, demand from the agrochemical sector slowed due to the summer fertilizer off-season. In the U.S., market prices fell by 7% compared to the same quarter the previous year but saw a 2.85% increase from the previous quarter in 2024. By the end of the quarter, granular sulphur prices in the U.S. settled at USD 105 per metric ton (CFR-Texas).

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Asia-Pacific:

In the Asia-Pacific (APAC) region, the sulphur market also experienced mixed trends during Q2 2024, influenced by various factors. At the beginning of the quarter, sulphur prices rose due to strong demand from agrochemical companies and faster depletion of inventory levels, leading to a supply deficiency. Sinopec’s Puguang, China’s largest sulphur producer, raised its prices in Wanzhou and Dazhou. Furthermore, rising crude oil prices led to increased production costs for sulphur. However, the second half of the quarter saw a decline in prices, driven by subdued demand from the agrochemical sector amid the ongoing harvesting season. Although rising crude oil prices increased production costs, the ample inventory levels sufficiently met existing demand, resulting in a bearish market. Suppliers began reducing their ex-quotations to clear out excess stock. In China, significant price fluctuations were noted, and the market faced a marked decline, particularly influenced by the mid-year planting season, which did not stimulate demand as expected. Overall, China's sulphur market mirrored regional trends, experiencing a 32% decrease compared to the same quarter last year. Additionally, prices fell by 10% compared to the previous quarter in 2024, indicating persistent bearish market conditions. A comparison between the first and second halves of the quarter revealed a 4% drop, reinforcing the negative outlook. By the end of Q2 2024, the price of granular sulphur in China was USD 144 per metric ton (Ex-Shanghai), highlighting a declining pricing environment characterized by oversupply and weak demand.

Europe:

In Europe, the sulphur market in Q2 2024 displayed a mixed trend. During the first half of the quarter, sulphur prices increased as inventories struggled to meet rising demand from the agrochemical sectors. This was partly due to lower production levels resulting from refineries using sweeter crude feedstocks, compounded by logistical issues in the Red Sea and a ban on crude imports from Russia, which restricted access to sour inputs. The agrochemical sector's demand surged during this time, driven by economic pressures and the ongoing crop season in Germany. However, in the second half of Q2, the market turned bearish, primarily due to stable yet subdued demand from the agrochemical sector and sufficient inventory levels. Despite reduced production costs from declining crude oil prices, the market remained oversupplied, exerting downward pressure on sulphur prices. In Germany, the ongoing harvesting season led to moderate agrochemical demand, and combined with ample inventories, this prompted a cautious pricing approach among market participants. Sulphur prices in Germany fell by 11% compared to the same quarter last year, reflecting diminished market confidence and demand. However, compared to the previous quarter in 2024, prices increased by 9.33%. By the end of the quarter, sulphur prices settled at USD 76 per metric ton (Granular) FOB Hamburg.

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[vipinmishra]

Sulphur Fertilizers Market 2029 is Anticipated to Register Robust Growth

Advancements in agricultural practices & technologies and increase in the number of large-scale farming operations is expected to drive the Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market growth in the forecast period, 2025-2029.

According to TechSci Research report, “Sulphur Fertilizers Market – Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Competition Forecast & Opportunities, 2029”, the Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market stood at USD 5.21 Billion in 2023 and is anticipated to grow with a CAGR of 4.25% in the forecast period, 2025-2029. The Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market is driven by a multitude of factors which includes the increasing demand for higher agricultural productivity due to the rising global population is propelling the market growth.

Furthermore, the widespread deficiency of sulphur in soils around the world necessitates the use of sulphur fertilizers to ensure crop health. Technological advancements, offering efficient and environment-friendly sulphur fertilizers, also contribute to market growth. Supportive government policies and subsidies for fertilizers in several countries fuel the demand for sulphur fertilizers.

The Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market, a vast and expansive global marketplace, revolves around the buying and selling of sulphur-based fertilizers. Sulphur, a vital nutrient crucial for optimal plant growth, plays an indispensable role in fostering robust root development and facilitating the production of chloroplasts, which are responsible for photosynthesis. By providing plants with the necessary sulphur, these fertilizers not only contribute to the synthesis of important amino acids and proteins but also enhance overall plant health and productivity.

Browse over XX market data Figures spread through XX Pages and an in-depth TOC on "Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market” https://www.techsciresearch.com/report/global-sulphur-fertilizers-market/2510.html

In this dynamic market, various types of sulphur fertilizers are available to cater to the diverse needs of farmers, gardeners, and agricultural enterprises worldwide. Sulphate-based fertilizers, elemental sulphur fertilizers, and sulphur-coated urea offer unique benefits and applications in different agricultural practices. Sulphate-based fertilizers, such as ammonium sulphate and potassium sulphate, are readily soluble and provide immediate sulphur availability to plants. Elemental sulphur fertilizers, on the other hand, gradually release sulphur over time, ensuring a sustained supply for plant uptake. Sulphur-coated urea combines the benefits of both sulphur and nitrogen, providing a controlled release of nutrients.

Catering to the needs of farmers and promoting sustainable farming practices, the Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market strives to enhance crop yield and agricultural productivity. By ensuring the availability of sulphur to plants, these fertilizers contribute to the synthesis of essential amino acids and proteins, which are vital for plant growth and development. Moreover, they promote the overall health of plants, making them more resistant to diseases and environmental stresses. With the use of sulphur-based fertilizers, farmers can reduce their reliance on synthetic chemicals, contributing to environmental sustainability and the preservation of natural resources.

Advancements in technology and increasing awareness about the importance of sustainable agriculture continue to drive the evolution of the Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market. The market offers innovative solutions and customized products to meet the diverse needs of farmers in different regions. These solutions include granular, liquid, and foliar fertilizers, each designed to provide specific benefits and address specific soil and crop requirements. By tailoring the products to local conditions and crop types, the market aims to maximize agricultural productivity while minimizing environmental impact.

The Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market not only fosters agricultural growth but also contributes to the overall well-being of communities. By promoting sustainable farming practices and ensuring food security, it plays a vital role in supporting the livelihoods of farmers and improving the availability of nutritious food. The market's continuous efforts pave the way for a brighter and more sustainable future in agriculture, where the needs of both present and future generations can be met while preserving the integrity of the environment.

The Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market is segmented into type, formulation, crop type, application method, regional distribution, and company

Based on formulation, the sulfur fertilizer market can be categorized into liquid and dry segments. The dry segment held the largest sales share in 2023, mainly due to the simplicity of handling, storing, and transporting dry sulfur fertilizer formulations, making them widely used in agriculture. Farmers prefer dry sulfur fertilizers like Ammonium Sulfate, urea sulfur, and elemental sulfur due to their affordability and ease of application with conventional agricultural equipment. These dry sulfur fertilizers fulfill the sulfur requirements of crops, which is essential for plant and agricultural growth, resulting in improved crop yield and quality.

The liquid sector is expected to experience the fastest revenue growth throughout the projection period. The increasing popularity of liquid sulfur fertilizers can be attributed to their ease of use and quick absorption by plants. They are commonly used in hydroponic farming and greenhouses, where the roots of plants can readily absorb liquid sulfur fertilizers such as sulfuric acid and ammonium thiosulfate, providing rapid effects. Liquid sulfur fertilizers can be applied directly to the soil or through foliar application, and they can be easily combined with other fertilizers. These advantages are expected to drive the demand for liquid sulfur fertilizers and contribute to the revenue growth of this market segment.

The expanding global sulfur fertilizer market is driven by the growing need for sulfur fertilizers in agriculture to enhance crop production and quality. Farmers' increasing awareness of the benefits of sulfur fertilizers, such as improved soil health and nutrient absorption, is also expected to contribute to market expansion. Additionally, the demand for sulfur fertilizers is anticipated to rise due to the growing trend towards sustainable agricultural practices and the need for food security in developing countries. The market for sulfur fertilizer is expected to grow further due to the increasing popularity of organic farming and the necessity to reduce the use of synthetic fertilizers.

Based on region, the Asia Pacific region dominated the worldwide sulfur fertilizer market in 2023. The expansion of the agriculture sector and increasing demand for high-quality crops are the primary drivers behind the need for sulfur fertilizers in this area. With a focus on sustainable agricultural techniques, countries like China and India are expected to fuel the growth of the sulfur fertilizer market in the region.

Over the projected period, the North American market is also expected to achieve a significant revenue compound annual growth rate (CAGR). The region's growth is attributed to the rising demand for higher crop yields and improved soil fertility. The adoption of modern farming techniques by local farmers is projected to enhance crop quality and drive the demand for sulfur fertilizers.

Additionally, government programs supporting environmentally friendly farming methods are expected to further accelerate the expansion of the sulfur fertilizer market in the region. Throughout the forecast period, the European market is anticipated to experience moderate growth, driven by increasing consumer demand for premium products and environmentally friendly farming methods. Countries like Germany, France, and Italy are leading the way in expanding the region's agriculture sector. The expansion of the agricultural sector in the region is expected to drive the demand for sulfur fertilizers.

Major companies operating in Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market are:

Nufarm Australia Limited

Haifa Group

K+S Aktiengesellschaft

The Mosaic Company

Coromandel International Limited

Yara International ASA

Nutrien Ag Solutions Ltd.

Deepak Fertilisers and Petrochemicals Corporation Limited

ICL Group Ltd.

Koch Industriesm, Inc.

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“There has been a surge in initiatives aimed at reducing sulfur emissions due to their detrimental impact on the environment, including deforestation. This, coupled with growing awareness of soil degradation caused by conventional agricultural practices and limited arable land, is a key driver for market growth. Sulfur fertilizers play a crucial role in supporting essential plant growth functions, such as enzyme activity, nitrogen metabolism, and protein and oil synthesis. They also enhance yield and facilitate early production with higher oil and protein levels.

Additionally, the global food shortage, resulting from the increasing population, has a positive effect on sulfur fertilizer sales. Furthermore, governments of various countries are offering grants and subsidies to support the agricultural sector, which in turn propels market growth. Moreover, leading industry players are introducing advanced fertilizers, such as elemental sulfur enriched NPK fertilizers, to address nutrient-poor soil with a light texture. These innovative solutions contribute to a favorable market outlook.,” said Mr. Karan Chechi, Research Director with TechSci Research, a research-based management consulting firm.

“Sulphur Fertilizers Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Type (Sulphate Fertilizers, Elemental Sulphur Fertilizers, Sulphates of Micronutrients and Others), By Formulation (Liquid and Dry), By Crop Type (Cereals & Grains, Oilseeds & Pulses, Fruits & Vegetables and Others), By Application Method (Band, Broadcast, Seed Row, Foliar and Others), By Region and Competition, 2019-2029F”, has evaluated the future growth potential of Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market and provides statistics & information on market size, structure and future market growth. The report intends to provide cutting-edge market intelligence and help decision makers take sound investment decisions. Besides, the report also identifies and analyzes the emerging trends along with essential drivers, challenges, and opportunities in Global Sulphur Fertilizers Market.

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[coldpenguintaco]

Industrial Applications of Sulfuric Acid: Global Market Insights 2022-2027

Sulfuric acid, often referred to as the “king of chemicals,” is a highly corrosive and strong mineral acid with the chemical formula H2SO4. It is one of the most widely used industrial chemicals globally, with a wide range of applications in various industries. Sulfuric acid is produced through the contact process, where sulfur dioxide gas (SO2) is oxidized to sulfur trioxide (SO3) using a…

[astrolovecosmos]

The Planets & Random or Obscure Associations

~Sun~

Creativity, vitality, head of state, the father, games, yellow and orange clothing, articles of value, jewelry, gold, brass, power, diamonds, citrine, topaz, jasper, amber, rhodochrosite, mistletoe, almonds, citrus, succulents, sunflowers, fevers, heart, back, spine, grapes, walnuts, rice, chamomile, frankincense, juniper, saffron, marigold, rosemary, rue, palaces, towers, luxury.

~Moon~

Eternal, cycles, silver, aluminum, pearls, moonstone, opal, selenite, chest, glands, lymphatic system, nervous system, emotions, mother, ancestors, nurture, rebirth, tides, baths, ocean, brew, boat, sap, willow trees, succulents, pale color plants, white flowers, cucumber, cabbage, lettuce, melons, shellfish, pumpkins, lakes, fountains, ports, fishponds, pools, springs, sewers, dairies, toys, reflection, blankets, objects of comfort.

~Mercury~

Communication, journal, pen/pencil, any writing tools, wings, phosphorous, mercury, agate, tiger's eye, brain, nervous system, eyes, respiration, thyroid, speech, hearing, intellect, vehicles, money, bills, paper, books, pictures, parties or social gatherings, scientific instruments, butterflies, messages, mail, hazel, mulberry, myrtle, seeds, aniseed, dill, fennel, lavender, liquorice, marjoram, parsley, valerian, hazelnuts, beans, mushrooms, pomegranates, carrots, celery, libraries, schools, markets, fairs, public spaces, tennis or badminton court, studies, banks, bowling greens, offices, blue, white, or light colored flowers.

~Venus~

Love, relating, lust, high-quality fabrics, copper, bronze, sodium, malachite, tourmaline, emerald, rose quartz, kunzite, sapphire, pastels, throat, kidneys, lumber region, art, music, aesthetics, social life, fashion, jewelry, wine, pleasure, alder tree, fruit trees, paint, ash tree, birch, pomegranates, early flowering, daisy, mint, marshmallow, meadowsweet, mugwort, plantain, tansy, roses, thyme, vervain, yarrow, potatoes, strawberries, wheat, sugar, nectarines, ballrooms, bedrooms, dining room, gardens, fountains, wardrobes, theaters, looking and feeling good.

~Mars~

Lust, conquest, desire, flaming sword, red things, fights, iron, brass, bloodstone, carnelian, cinnabar, pyrite, magnetite, ruby, garnet, hematite, muscles, reproductive organs, blood, kidneys, immunity, heat, action, arms, pepper, sharp instruments, cutlery, attacks, scissors, weapons, physical intimacy, bites, stings, scalds, burns, accidents, hawthorn, pine, thorns, cactus, aloes, anemone, arnica, belladonna, garlic, ginger, hops, mustard seed, nettles, wormwood, chives, onions, leeks, radish, rhubarb, tobacco, labs, furnaces, distilleries, bakehouses, ovens, smiths, butchers, fields, anger, passion, self-focus.

~Jupiter~

Expansion, optimism, religion, religious sites, tin, seduction, turquoise, chrysocolla, topaz, citrine, jasper, liver, pancreas, pituitary gland, sciatic nerve, excess, abundance, prophecy, philosophy, knowledge, universities, foreign travel, luggage, honey, oil, silk, fruit, distinct clothing, merchandise, horses, domestic birds, gambling, indulgence, entertainment, oak, dandelion, sage, endive, chervil, asparagus, figs, churches, temples, palaces, altars, courts, mansions, woods, orchards, winery, cornucopia, connecting with the soul.

~Saturn~

Limits, boundaries, father time, lord of death, shadows, lead, iron, steel, calcium, asbestos, sulphur, diamond, onyx, calcite, skeleton, spleen, skin, teeth, nails, joints, structure, crystallization, old age, blockage, anything dark, wool, heavy materials, agriculture, wheelbarrows, spades, farm houses and buildings, cold, laws, aspen, blackthorn, buckthorn, cypress, elm, toxic plants, hemlock, henbane, belladonna, hellebore, barley, beetroot, safflower, parsnips, spinach, deserts, woods, valleys, caves, church yards, ruins, coalpits, sinks, wells, mud, institutions.

~Uranus~

Eccentrics, mavericks, invention, genius, revolution, change, trends, disruptive science or tech, uranium, magnesium, lapis lazuli, sapphire, aquamarine, azurite, chalcedony, electricity, neon lights, plaid, nervous and circulatory system, pineal gland, chaos, violence, upheaval, astrology, steam engines, coal, machinery, coins, baths, fishponds, dangerous places, computers, magnets, quantum physics, research, welfare, humanity, hypnotherapy, railways, banks, gas, psychiatric hospitals, offices, hospitals, dispensaries, fortified places, chemicals, mingled/mingling, spirit and matter.

~Neptune~

Illusions, veils, diffuse, deception, water, oceans, mysticism, enlightenment, artistic pursuit and understanding, zinc, potassium, amethyst, fluorite, jade, sugilite, coral, aquamarine, pineal gland, lymphatic and nervous system, spine, mental processes, addiction, psychoses, disease, photography, music, substances, gas, religion, poetry, mimicry, chameleon, anesthetic, telepathy, empathy, dancing, psychic gifts, places near water, hospitals, places of healing, jeweler, painters, brewers, musicians, visionary.

~Pluto~

Power, influence, darkness, new life, what's hidden underneath, seeds, volcanoes, deep earth or ocean, bury, explosions, eruptions, abduction, plutonium, smoky quartz, obsidian, jet, pearl, deep reds, reproductive organs, the unconscious, nuclear, transformation, death, birth, rebirth, underworld, riches, earthquakes, big business, murder, detection, detective, invisibility, sneak, enforced change, hidden places, underground, drains, sewers, radioactive places, the occult, black magic, sacrifice, renew.

[telomeke]

The Red Peafowl trailer is out! 👀

Some reactions–

Heavily Sino-Thai, emphasis on the Sino part. Some shots of Shanghai and street scenes that look like they might have been filmed in China/Hong Kong.

Hong Kong Que is not actually a reference to Hong Kong (unless there's more they've not shown) – it's the hanyu pinyin transcription of Red Peafowl in Mandarin, where hong (红) means red and kongque (孔雀) means peacock or peafowl. The words for Hong Kong are totally different (香港 or xianggang).

Lu Yi Peng is played by Maiake Kandis, and it seems he's an inspector skilled in martial arts who goes undercover to infiltrate the mafia headed by Red Peafowl, played by Dollar Patchara. And of course the two get romantically and sexually entangled.

Max Nattapol plays Red Peafowl's husky lover/seducer, sounding like he has a case of COVID.

Earth Katsammonat is protagonist Lu Yi Peng's brother, who is kidnapped by a shadowy someone who sounds like (but doesn't look like) Max.

There are hawks and hawkshead rings on shadowy figures in this, looking to take down Red Peafowl's gang.

Frank Thanatsaran looks totally different from how he did while with GMMTV.

Boun Noppanut, Lee Long Shi, and Mek Jirakit are part of Red Peafowl's mafia family. Everything they say and do is performed with theatricality, as though to emphasize the sense of foreboding and import. Lots of arched eyebrows and drawling delivery.

Red Peafowl has a huge back tattoo, and guess what it's of? (Hint: it's a big bird, not white or yellow, and it's not a phoenix or a cockatoo.) Kinnporsche has a lot to answer for.

Hooped earrings on both ears appears to be a popular trend among the Chinese mafia.

The martial arts fight scenes look a little slow and klunky, like they need to be speeded up 10%.

Still no clue as to why there's a (sulphur-crested?) cockatoo in this.

Despite what your eyes tell you, Mix Sahaphap is not in the show:

(above) Dollar Patchara, doing his best impersonation of post-graduation Mix Sahaphap glowering in the torched ruins of his veterinary clinic after rescuing one of the birds within (arson plotted by GMMTV perhaps?)

[linkspooky]

Yu Gi Oh GX and Alchemy: The Albedo

A continuation of my previous post taking a deep dive into the alchemy symbolism in Yu Gi Oh GX. Yu-Gi-Oh Gx Season 2: Society of Light Saga introduces several new ideas at once into the spinoff's storyline. Tarot Symbolism, a battle in the universe between creation and destruction which flips the usual symbolism by making the light / white coded force the light of destruction which is in opposition to the righteous darkness, and the Neo-Spacians to Judai's deck. While these ideas may seem all jumbled they actually connect back to alchemy (and Jung) and continue Judai's arc as an apprentice alchemist.

THE LIGHT OF DESTRUCTION

The main antagonist is Saio Takuma, a host of the Light of Destruction a universal force of destruction that wants to bleach the world white. In case you couldn't pick up on the subtle color symbolism there, the second season corresponds to the second phase of alchemy Albedo, symbolized by water and the color white.

The goal of alchemy is to create eternal life by creating the philosopher's stone which creates a ripple effect affecting the entire world, as above, so below. However, Alchemy is more about the process than the end result, mixing metals together through different stages again and again to purify them, the same way Judai fuses new heroes for different situations in his duels. That process is Black -> White -> Yellow -> Red.

After the nigredo stage where the stone is boiled and putrefied until the solution turns back, in the alcbedo stages is a purification referred to as albutio - the washing away of impurities. This phrase is conerned with "bringing light and clarity to the prima materia (The first Matter). The first matter being the starting material that eventually gets turned into the philosopher's stone.

As mentioned above the antagonist for this season Saio Takuma host to the Light of Destruction takes this step of the process too far by seeking to bleach the planet entirely and wipe out all life. Considering the villain is called The Light of Destruction and the main villainous force is The White Dorm this season is RIFE with color symbolism.

A trend I've noticed for villains in both the first and second stages is that they threaten to trap Judai and the main characters in that stage. In Nigredo, by dueling the Seven Stars in Yami no Games Judai risks being trapped in the darkness. When duelists lose to Saio Takuma or one of his possessed victims, they are purified completely of all individuality and join his cult. Alchemy is a violent process... in order for a union to occur these opposing forces must clash with one another.

“Looke well upon these two Dragons for they are the true principles of the beginning of the Philosophy…. the wingless dragon is sulphur because it never flies away from the fire. The winged serpent is quicksilver… these two must be united.” Their union, however, is “a most violent and bloody copulation.”

Which is why GX chooses to represent these alchemical steps as antagonistic forces, because alchemy requires two opposites to continually clash (chemical wedding fire and water, earth and air etc. etc.), and just like in alchemy in real life you must sometimes clash with someone who's your total opposite in order to more closely understand yourself.

Vs. EDO PHOENIX

Judai starts to drown in these waters of self-reflection after he faces, and loses to the first shadow archetype the anime throws at him Edo Phoenix. We'll cover Edo more later on in this post, but Jung considers the shadow to be the repressed, unseen part of the psyche. Edo represents the shadow of Judai in a lot of ways, most obvious he's the dark-hero to Judai's idealsitic hero. He's the only other hero archetype user in the anime, but unlike Judai's super sentai and ultraman inspired elemental heroes, his Destiny Heroes are all based off of anti-heroes in british pulp fiction (such as Jekyll and Hyde). In fact Destiny Hero Double Dude, clearly based of Jekyll and Hyde is the quickest explanation for the relationship between a man and his shadow.

"With every day, and from both sides of my intelligence, the moral and the intellectual, I thus drew steadily nearer to that truth, by whose partial discovery I have been doomed to such a dreadful shipwreck: that man is not truly one, but truly two.” -Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde

Jung divides personality into a split consciousness model, the persona which is the mask we wear in our everyday life to face the world, and the shadow which consists of everything hidden under the mask that we don't show to the world.

Jung equates each stage of alchemy into different archetypes of the unconscious.

Nigredo - The Shadow

Albedo - Anima and Animus

The Wise old Man

Rubedo - The Self (Indviduation)

A duel with Edo Phoenix for Jason is much like his confrontation with Darkness / Fubuki a deep dive into the Nigredo stage, except this time for Judai the duel is personal because Edo has things to say. He's here to call out Judai Yuki (or Shmaden Shmuki in the dub). Fubuki really wasn't a personal foe for Judai (yes he's Asuka's brother, but Judai didn't know that at the time) he just represented the first time Judai had to duel with stakes on the line instead of just for fun.

Edo has a few things to say on judai Yuki, someone who so far has been talked about over and over again as having a "pure" heart for dueling. Edo is the first to suggest (and other characters will follow up on this later) that dueling for nothing more than pure enjoyment might not be a good thing. Edo also specifically uses a deck that has been touched by Sartorius's darkness during his first duel with Judai, to further the Nigredo symbolism.

Judai and Edo mirror each other all throughout the first part of the duel. Edo shows that he can create different fusion monsters using the exact same elemental heroes as Judai as material - when he fuses featherman and burst lady he creates destiny hero phoenix guy. There's a bit of symbolism here starting with his name - Edo Phoenix. Phoenixes are traditionally considered the "ying" to the "yang" in chinese alchemy. Destiny Hero Phoenix Guy is made from the same materials as FlameWingman, which features the head of a dragon as one of its arms. Phoenix Guy's effect is that it can't be destroyed in battle by monsters with the same attack - when it clashes with Flame Wingman it can't be destroyed much like it's impossible to destroy the shadow part of your personality.

Edo's callout to Judai is similiarly something that cannot be something that can be ignored or dismissed, it must be reoncicled with.

This is fun to you? Don't make me laugh, Judai! There's nothing fun at all about the fate of heroes who have to fight. The weight of the crosses that heroes bear, the suffering and hatred they endure. Can you even fathom that, Judai? Suffering and hatred? Those are the strengths that support a hero! People like you, who only see heroes as cool or inspirational make me sick. I actually need them - I need real heroes so that I can live!

Once again this callout of Judai's behavior is echoed again and again in season 3 because this show has good foreshadowing - but Edo is specifically calling out Judai's shallowness, Judai admires heroes like a child watching television without acknowledging the hurt and suffering that heroes go through. Edo needs to believe the fact that heroes and justice both exist in order to live, because he's still grieving the loss of his father at a young age and he copes by telling himself he's on a dark hero who will solve his father's unsolved murder and avenge him.

Judai is also similiarly adopting a mask of being a hero in order to cope with a lonely childhood marked by tragedy, it's just he chooses a different mask. Edo pretends to be a dark hero, and Judai a carefree pure-hearted Shonen hero. When confronted with the similarity between himself and Edo, Judai loses the duel and immediately after Nigredo we see Albedo - Judai's cards all dyed white.

THE WASHING OF THE MUD

Albedo is sometimes referred to as the "washing of the mud" the constant process of scrubbing the soul after the soul has been putrefied and its darkest contents brought to the surface in Nigredo.

Altogether, the divine water possessed the power of transformation. It transformed the nigredo into the albedo through the miraculous ‘washing’ (ablutio); it animated inert matter, made the dead to rise again, and therefore possessed the virtue of the baptismal water in the ecclesiastical rite.      - C.G. Jung, Alchemical Studies, CW 13, par. 89

Similarly in Yu-Gi-Oh Gx, after a crash course in Nigredo brought to him by his darker half Edo, the dark hero to his pure-hearted shonen boy protagonist - unable to see his cards anymore Judai leaves Duel Academy Island for the sea. Not only is this a direct parallel to Manjoume's journey in Season 1 (losing to a dragon (Misawa's water dragon) -> going to the sea -> washing up on North Academy a tundra that's all ice and rebuilding his deck from scratch.

Each of Judai's friends along with being characters in their own right also represents stages in alchemy, Manjoume who wears black is nigredo and similiarly experiences most character development in season one, Asuka who wears white is albedo and serves as his anima counterpart (more on that later), Misawa and Kenzan both wear yellow for citrinitas and guide him with wisdom (Kenzan is the only one not swayed by Saio's mind control, Misawa appears to Judai when he's lost in the desert dimmension in season 3 as a wiseman).

Manjoume represents Nigredo so of course, Judai parallels him after enduring his own Nigredo stage through his collision with Edo. Of course you might ask if last season was Nigredo then why is Judai going through it again you might ask. Well, Alchemy is a process of continual death and reverse, dissolving and coagulating over and over to refine into a purer material. It's not really a one and done thing. Symbolizing this, the one who hands Judai his defeat that sends him soul searching is Edo Phoenix, once again Phoenixes are important to Alchemy because they too dissolve into ash and die only to be born again.

Saio also draws the death card diagonally, neither upright or reversed to symbolize how Judai is actually going to experience both, he must endure a symbolic death first in order to be reborn. The Death Card isn't so much about permanent death, but rather the death of old ideas that's required for change.

Judai wakes up on a beach after traveling on a boat out to see (similiar to Manjoume), not only does this symbolize the "washing of the mud" referred to above, but water is also the element associated with Albedo. Judai first sees a flaming meteor and when it strikes him he's transported to a beach on an alien planet, Fire (Nigredo) -> Water (Albedo). The first Neo-Spacian Judai encounters is a water attribute monster to, Neo Spacian Aqua Dolphin. In fact, just like the elemental heroes all Neo Spacians are marked by their associated element because they too represent the mixing of elements Judai uses i his deck to perform alchemy. Aqua Dolphin, Air hummingbird, Grand Mole, and Flare Scarab.

When he wakes up on the beach the first thing Judai assumes is that he has died (symbolic death). Then he asks if he's in heaven or hell, only to find he's on an alien planet. There's a special significance to Judai's new "Neo-Spacian" cards being associated with the universe, and "Neos-Space". It's not just that Neos himself is a reference to Ultraman. It all ties back thta fundamental rule of Alchemy: As above, so below.

Quod est superius est sicut quod inferius, et quod inferius est sicut quod est superius. That which is above is like to that which is below, and that which is below is like to that which is above.

Everything in the universe came from one material which divided again and again and differentiated, and therefore everything is connected. The microcosm (the small world, the human being, the miniature universe) is connected to and affects the macrocosm (the great world, the universe as a whole). If everything is connected then the changes you make and the actions you take will inevitably radiate out into the world.

You could say thatlight and dark use our universe as their battlefield. Put a different way, consider it a world where good and evil duel perpetually. The universe was a world of gentle darkness - one which nurtured life. However, this universe is on the verge of ruin by the Light of Destruction. We have searched for someone who is able to fight that light with the power of righteous darkness... and we happened to find you.

In terms of Yu-Gi-Oh GX, the basic worldbuilding and lore is that the universe was first one substance and then it divided into two forces the gentle darkness that nurtured creation and the light of destruction which destroyed. Balance between these two forces must be maintained, but when the light of destruction gains an edge the Neo-Spacians appeared before Judai to call him to protect Neos-Space with the power of the gentle darkness.

In other words, Judai facing Saio on earth (the small world) will radiate out and prevent the destruction of Neos space in this battle between universal forces (the great world). Judai saves the universe by playing card games, it sounds silly but symbolically it just means that once again that you're connected to the world around you moreso than you realize and your actions will inevitably have a ripple effect and effect the world and people around you. Judai symbolically saves theuniverse by beating Saiou in a duel, but in the world of human beings his actions save both Saiou and Edo's friendship.

In GX worldbuilding terms as well, Neos-Space is an alternate dimmension one of twelve inhabited by duel spirits who are real, sentient creatures who's powers are called upon with the magical cards. When Judai saves his world, he also saves Neos Space because their two worlds are connected.

A lot of shows have "the fight between the forces of light and darkness never end" but GX reframes the never-ending fight as the process of alchemical refinement. It also flips the traidtional light and dark associated symbolism so light represents destruction and Judai needs to tap into the power of darkness in order to fight it.

Furthermore, Judai harnessing his iner darkness is Jungian symbolism. As stated above, Jung divided personality into perona, shadow and the further into anima and animus. A person goes through the process of individuation in order to grow up into a well-rounded human being, and this process requires incorporating all the different parts of your personality into your ego. The pure-hearted Judai however, has a dark shadow and we'll learn in season 3 part of that shadow consists of the memories of Yubel he repressed when he abandoned Yubel. However, because Yu Gi Oh GX is a series with bad pacing but excellent foreshadowing - Judai flashes back to his childhood when he notices something is missing and he can't remember the reason why he's been dueling.

Why else would Edo's challenge to Judai disturb him so much if there wasn't something missing, something he's not quite remembering about the reason he started dueling something hidden in darkness.

The origin story we eventually get for Judai in season 3 is actually give to us slowly over time in three parts - because Judai himself takes that log to remember it due to his repressed memories. In season 1 he remembers that at one point he was able to hear the voices and card spirits when he was younger, but somehow lost that ability for a long time until he met winged Kuriboh. In season 2 - Judai remembers the Kaiba Corp contest that launched a satellite into space where his drawings of Neos and the Neos Spacian were eventually infused with the power of darkness. By recalling his memories and remembering that part of his childhood he gains the powers of the Neo-Spacians (having done the work of exploring his shadows).

However, Judai's origin story is only 2/3rds complete and the last missing piece will come with Yubel's introduction in season 3 who serves as Judai's literal shadow.

Judai doesn't completely integrate his shadow here, but once again alchemy is a process, so he'll have to do more work later. However, he's confronted his shadow enough to make the difference during his rematch with Edo.

VS ED - A NEW POWER! AQUA NEOS

I'm skipping Manjoume's duel with Saio, because I'm putting all the tarot stuff in another post. Which gives us more time to talk about Edo, Edo's flashback shows his first meeting with Saio in the rain. Saio the leader of the white dorm, white, rain/water, all symbols of Albedo.

Edo also represents Albedo, he dresses in a silver grey / white suit, his hair is similarly silver and gets bleached white at one point, his closest connection to any character is to Saio, his defeat of Judai starts the alchemy process for Judai, and his defeat of Kaiser Ryo sends him spiraling into reverse alchemy (more of that later).

Now back to Judai - before facing Edo he has to claim the rest of the Neos Spacians from the elemental plains where they reside, such as going to a magma pit to claim flare scarab. Fire, wind, water, earth, elements, alchemy....(kronk voice) it's all coming together.

Anyway, Judai worries all of his friends by telling them about how he was abducted by space aliens and the duel begins. This time Edo is the one who loses and it all has to do with the work Judai has done confronting his past which Edo has not. The biggest foiling point between the two of them is that Edo and Judai's hero worship comes from their inner child. Their desire to be a hero is childish and immature, as neither really knows what being a hero is yet, but also pure.

Aster: Judai, are you... that happy to be showing off your heroes? Still, I won't stand for any heroes unburdened by destiny! Judai: Listen... What happened to your dad was really sad. But... doesn't it just pump you up to meet some new heroes? You would know, wouldn't you? I bet your dad did - he must've made your D heroes so that seeing them would make you feel happy, not sad!

It's a collision of opposites once again, Judai looks too much into the light but here Edo's been stewing in his own dark feelings of mourning his father, and a desire for revenge for so long he's forgotten happy memories of his father.

Edo's not wrong that heroes have to carry burdens, it's more foreshadowing for lessons that Judai has to learn in Season 3 but there's a difference between carrying your burdens and drowning because of them. Later on in the Saio portion of the fight it's shown that Edo's time has stopped completely just like his signature card the clocktower, Edo is still a child, the same way Judai is still a child.

Edo who isn't aware of that yet loses to Judai who's at least recovered some memories of his childhood. In this instance Judai is the catalyst which makes Edo change.

Of course Judai's arc pretty much stops here, as I said Judai's characterized by stagnation through the first two series. That's not to say he doesn't change at all, in Season 1 we get the speech where Daitokuji asks him what he's gained over a year and Judai says he's gained friends. Not only does he have friends, but it's the season where he first takes up the burden of dueling with his life on the line to save other people so he can protect those friendships. Which seems like standard shonen fair but is deconstructed in season 3.

Season 2 is where Judai is first seriously questioned on his lack of reason for fighting, and his lack of any burdens. While Judai doesn't really change because of this question, his lack of change is indicative of something missing in him.

Arguably, a lot of problematic behaviors of Judai's in Season 3 start in Season 2, they're just not immediately called attention to. We'll talk about them now in the White Arc.

The White Dorm

Alchemy is heavily associated with color symbolism, Albedo is symbolized with the color white so of course one of the main antagonistic forces this season is the white dorm.

I'll touch more on Manjoume's role as the main head of the cult for most of the season in my upcoming tarot post, but Judai's friends being integrated into the white dorm means they are experiencing Albedo right alongside of him. However, in this case they experience a dissolution. Each of his friends dissolves entirely and experiences a death of personality, making them puppets for Saio / The Light.

In each duel, Manjoume, Bastion and Misawa the Light preys upon one flaw in their personality. For Manjoume it's his inferiority complex and his desire to beat Judai (a rivalry he takes much more seriously than Judai), for Asuka it's her emotions that people are constantly telling her to calm down so she can conform into a more feminine role, for Misawa it's the fact everyone in the school just decided to start ignoring him after they found out he was a furry.

(On a more serious note a lot of people think the show dropped Misawa's arc entirely, but I'd argue there is a three season arc there and that it mirrors Judai's. In season 1 Misawa is an obsessive perfectionist duelist considered one of the two rivals to Judai, and like many students there doesn't think of much of his future but becoming a pro duelist. However, the encounter with Tanya shakes him by waking him up to a desire for love in his life and Tanya disapepars. In season 2, Misawa's failed to live up to his potential as one of the higher ranking duelists in the show and kind of washes out like Hell Kaiser Ryo did when he figures out he wasn't as great as everyone at the school told him he was. Saio compounds on this by ignoring him, which on top of his friends all deciding to ignore him makes him vulnerable to being recruited to a cult. Misawa's the only one who joins willingly if you think about it, which shows how unloved he feels in season 2.)

Aster's speech on the matter is revealing in regards to the loneliness Misawa feels.

Misawa doesn't actually want to get better - he just wants those around him to see him as being good. Being a true duelist is lonesome. Even without attention from others, they'd just follow their own path with faith in their deck and tactics. Results and praise just come after the fact, but Misawa is different. All that lies deep in his heart is an idiotic elitist desire for the ability to be noticed by others. It worries you does it not? It pains you does it not? That others will not acknowledge you. In the end he'll lose faith in himself. Something like that can't become a true duelist.

There is a reason for this brief tangent with Misawa in the Judai's friends section, in that the friend group's collective decision to ignore Misawa probably because they assumed he was an elite duelist who could take care of himself shows that their friendship is not as strong as it seems.

The cracks are already starting to show in Season 2. Not only does everyone collectively neglect Misawa, but Judai as a whole lets each of his friends be taken by the light, and he's either not around or doesn't lift a finger to stop it. Asuka and Manjoume spend weeks being brainwashed and Judai feels no urgency to reach out to them and fix it. This is even something commented upon by Judai himself when he finally goes to face Manjoume.

What this means in alchemy terms is that these bonds are broken, and reforged by necessity in order to be forged into healthier friendships. Judai's friends experience a dissolution in season 2, and Season 3, before he's able to forge a much stronger connection in Season 4.

Judai's friends who are dyed white also each represent a personal flaw of Judai's that he needs to be cleansed of. For Manjoume, it's Manjoume's general stagnation which Judai reflects because Judai is a stagnant character for the first two seasons. Part of the reason Judai is stagnant is because of the codependent friendships he forms with others, Judai and Manjoume are characters who both struggle to stand on their own two feet.

As mentioned above, Judai is also someone who tends to have his emotional needs neglected by others the same way Misawa was because everyone assumes Judai can take care of himself.

THE WHITE QUEEN

The last and probably most important is Asuka who I've mentioned in my last post is an anima, or a female Judai. Now, I'll elaborate on that point.

The Anima and Animus are what Jung terms "Sygzy" a term used y Jung to mean the union of opposites. Similiar to the Taijitu or Yin and Yang symbol. The feminine Yin and Masculine Yang each tcontain a taenite, a dot that represents the yin (feminine) within the yang (masculine) and vice versa.

What it means essentially is that every single person is a collection of what we traditionally consider "masucline" and "feminine" traits. Of course those definitions depend on culture, but gender is like money. Yes, Gender is completely made up, but I can say things are masculine and feminine and you'll know what that means the same way that money is made up but I have to pay five dollars for my boba tea.

Of course Gender isn't split down a male / female dynamic either but this is really old psychological framework we're working with.

Even Jung however as old was onto something when he observed that the way men are socialized especially growing up (with gender roles being as rigid as they are) leads to them having underdeveloped or even suppressed feminine traits.

Jung believed a male���s sensitivity is often lesser or repressed, and therefore considered the anima (the unconscious feminine side) to be one of their strongest sides. Ergo, men are more likely to repress their feminine sides, and at the same time the only way to develop those sides is to seek out femininity and interact with it. That sounds like basic rules of human interactions, the only way you can learn to have healthy relationships to other people and how to show your emotions in healthy ways is by interacting with people. 

Which is where the chemical wedding comes in. The Sygzy is the union of opposites fanima and animus) formed by a chemical wedding between the two.

Men usually progress through four stages when it comes to integrating their anima (in other words they mature in the way they perceive and relate to the women in their life). These are represented by four archetypes, reoccurring characters and symbols in fiction. Jung believed the reasons archetypes kept showing up in different stories is because they symolized something deep within our own subconscious.

These four archetypes are:

Eve (mother)

Helen (romantic interest)

Mary (religious devotion)

Sophia (wisdom, guide to inner life).

Asuka serves as Judai's anima for the first two seasons, and vice versa, but I'd argue they never pass the first two stages.

My reasons for arguing this is number one, Judai and Asuka only have two duels against each other in season one and two. Number two, Jung marks Albedo as the stage of integrating your Anima. Asuka wears primarily white, she's basically female Judai sharing his love of card games, and their final duel happens in season 2.

Judai doesn't view Asuka as amother figure per se, but when he first meets her he is a child as their first duel takes place in the third episode. So she is someone who 1) nurtured his growth, and 2) could have been a possible romantic interest for the first two seasons.

I think Judai and Asuka's two duels however are an example of a chemical wedding that turns out to be non-romantic. As Asuka is basically replaced as Judai's potential love interest by Yubel or arguably Johan too. Also the fact that they are basically set up to be love interests only to have that set up subverted is the point here.

The strongest connection between Judai and Asuka, and the reason they serve as each other's anima and animus for a time is thatthey both don't really fit into the roles society assigns them. Especially their gender roles, Judai is a subversion of the hot-blooded shonen boy protagonist and Asuka a subversion of the female lead character always being the love interest.

As stated in my previous meta, Asuka is very like Judai in the fact that her first love is dueling. Therefore she doesn't fit into the mould of what a lot of people consider to be feminine, despite being the 'queen' of obelisk blue. This post goes into a lot more detail on the relationship between Asuka and Gender.

Asuka seems to be written as a response, or maybe even a correction of Anzu Mazaki from the first anime. A character who while important, suffered from what many consider to be female shonen character syndrome they mainly exist to be an emotional support to the protagonist and lack flaws / ambitions of their own. I guess the english word for it would be chickification.

Here let me cite the scholarly resource known as Tvtropes:

You have an Action Girl, who may also be One of the Boys. She rocks. But she's probably the only female in the main cast, or at very least, the most openly tomboyish in the female cast. And it doesn't seem to be playing well with the 18-35 male demographic. So the writers, either on their own or because of Executive Meddling, soften her tough edge. Gradually, the Action Girl starts seeing significantly less action. She exchanges her armor for outfits that show off her figure. Her plotlines become increasingly centered around romance, dating, and fears that she isn't married yet. She gets easily turned into a Damsel in Distress by the same villains she would have handily thwarted previously just so the male characters can save her. The character who was once comfortable and competent has been Chickified.  This is about maturity being equated with passivity, with "girls/women can't", rather than just learning to make wise choices or cope with challenges.

To simplify, the predominant trend in Shonen manga is that men are allowed to be active characters with agency, and female characters are always reduced in agency and independence, usually defined by their relationship to a male character to the point where femininity goes hand in hand with passivity.

The main problem with this is it doesn't allow female characters to have thoughts and feelings of their own, outside of either the roles they play to the men in their lives, or just them being reduced to their gender, in the friend group they're just "the chick." A lot of manga authors even admit to throwing in female characters just to have a female character without really thinking of their role in the story.

Asuka is a deconstruciton of both the way female characters are treated in this gnre, and also she as a girl has to deal with the expectations to perform femininity from everyone around her.

Asuka is feminine, she's considered the "pride of the Blue Girls", at the beginning of the show she's well-respected, popular with the girls and also incredibly detached and bored. She basically extorts a duel out of Judai just to find a challenge. It's easy to see where this dissatisfaction comes from, not only is duel academy weird about women, a lot of the men Asuka is forced to interact with reduce her to her gender.

A common Asuka filler / solo episode usually follows this formula, "A man with a crush on Asuka challenges her to a duel with a condition that she'll date him or is otherwise trying to coerce her into doing something else she's uncomfortable with."

A nice subversion to this formula is early on in the dub where Judai and Tennis Guy compete to be Asuka's "fiance" only for him not to know what that even means, and Asuka to just say it means "friend."

Which just might be what makes Judai so unique to the point where Asuka starts to consider him a romantic possibility, because he is the one exception, the person who only ever regarded her as a duelist first and a girl second. As Asuka is feminine, but she exists in a world where she's not allowed to be feminine and still retain her activity and agency at the same time.

Manjoume and his two duels against Asuka could be seen as a metaphor for the way the world, and especially boys in Asuka's life impose femininity on her and expect her to conform to gender roles / their gendered expectations of her. Manjoume duels her twice, both duels resemble chemical weddings of a sort with the goal of getting Asuka to accept his feelings towards her.

When he beats her in the second duel look what Asuka's basically reduced two, the queen at his side, the second in command of the white dorm, and most of all, the elegant, refined, cold-hearted girl. She has ceded all agency due to the fact she's being mind controlled, she's also lost all of her emotions to the point where everyone describes her as being "like ice" in order to conform to a role given to her by a man.

When Judai and Asuka duel a second time, it is another chemical wedding, and one necessary for Asuka's development as a character but it's decidedly non-romantic. It's also a re-creation of this Splendor Solaris plate, a meeting of the solar king and lunar queen.

Judai: The sun will rise high in the sky! So open your eyes already! Asuka: Impossible, right now I am my true self. There's no need for me to awake. Judai: Then, I'll have to force you awake. I attack White Night Dragon with Flare, Neos. Let everyone's fiery feelings reach her! Melt it! Melt Asuka's frozen heart! Burn it to ash!

The episodes are called "A White Night Duel" associating Asuka the queen of the obelisk dorm with night time, and the moon. The first duel with Judai and Asuka took place in the moonlight as well, and it took place on water.

The duel also marks them as a pair of elemental opposites. Asuka's brother Fubuki uses snow character in his name. Asuka's swapped out her cyberladies deck for an all-ice deck.

Judai's commonly associated with the sun. Before this Fubuki stated that Judai was riling her up and igniting her flaming spirit. His winning the duel is using Flare Neos a fire attribute monster to defeat the "White Night Dragon".

So Asuka's in a state where she's finally been forced to conform to everyone's expectations as a girl, and given up the struggle of trying to be herself and as a result all of her emotions have shut down. Judai manages to excite those feelings inside of her once again by reaching out to her, not as a love interest might (this duel is way, way different from the way he tries to save Johan from Yubel's possession) but as a duel rival would by trying to reignite their rivalry.

Judai doesn't even say that it's his burning feelings that reach her, but rather everyone's. Manjoume and Fubuki try to reach out to Asuka in the duel by giving Judai cards to play, as a love interest, and a brother, but they both also have trouble seeing Asuka for who she really is from time to time which is why their cards don't work. Judai reaches her because he's not trying to be a love interest in this duel, or anything other than a friend.

This duel I believe solidifies what they are to each other, which is why Judai integrates Asuka as part of his anima and they have no further duels after this.

As to what Asuka exactly provides to Judai after going on this long rant about how Judai and Asuka's friendship is unique - well, Judai doesn't really conform to gender roles either.

If Asuka is the typical girl in Shonen Manga given more depths, and burdened by the expectations everyone holds towards girls around her, Judai too suffers from those expectations. The manga reaches a point where Judai is just expected to be the pure-hearted shonen hero who tackles everyone's problems.

Judai isn't allowed to be vulnerable or feminine because a lot of masculine roles get pushed onto him, he has to be Sho and Kenzan's big brother, he has to be the protector of everyone, he has to be the leader because he's the best duelist. In late season 3 he's forced into the role of being king by Yubel's manipulations.

On top of that there's the subtext that Judai doesn't conform to heterosexual and cisgendered norms, like is two other possible love interests are Johan a dude, and Yubel a nobinary dragon. His Jungian shadow is also yubel, a nonbinary dragon so what does that exactly say in regards to Judai and his own gender.

Asuka even builds up one sided feelings towards Judai that could be seen as the typical shonen main character guy and girl relationship that happens in almost every manga - except Asuka lets go of those eventually, because in letting go of that she gives Judai what he really needs a friend.

Asuka and Judai's friendship is important because they both don't fit in with what everyone else expects them to do, and want to be seen for their skills as duelists first before their gender. That's what they give each other through their chemical wedding and having gained and solified Asuka's friendship, Judai integrates his anime and moves to the next step of alchemical refinement.

HELL KAISER RYO / NIHILIXIR

So I'm going to address Hell Kaiser in one go, because I love him and also he represents an example of reverse alchemy or the nihilixir. Usually death and rebirth is a good thing and necessary for alcemical refinement, but sometimes instead the process makes you degrade into something impure, descending into baser instincts.

The transformation Hell Kaiser undergoes in season 2 and onwards is an example of something which resembles alchemy (for instance you could say his descent to the underground dueling arena, and his climb back to the pro leagues resmebles the drowning king where the king simultaneously drowns and rises) however instead of the death and rebirth leading to a more refined version of himself he just gets worse.

The catalyst for this arc is of course Edo Phoenix, but also a very true to life problem of a kid who's always been told he was going to be number one, going out into the world and finding out he's a small fish in a big pond. I'm going to steal Kate's post here because she's my Daitokuji-sensei. Here they use Salem from RWBY as an example of reverse alchemy, mainly the inability of an immortal character to grieve and accept death means they cannot move forward and instead move backwards and experience nothing but negative character development.

It's not just that Hell Kaiser lost to Edo Phoenix (a symbol of death and rebirth), it's that he can't accept the loss specifically because he's been told all of his life he's a winner. Hell Kaiser is such a perfectionist (he even told Judai that he thought his perfectionist tendencies held him back from true growth whereas Judai represented limitless potential) that he cannot accept or cope with the fact that he lost. He can't see that he might not have been as good as everyone always told him he was, and he starts to spiral.

So Hell Kaiser experiences a journey where he descends to the underworld (underground duels) and comes back, hence the name Hell Kaiser because he's been to hell and back but he doesn't change as a result of that journey. It's a false rebirth, rather than becoming something new he just doubled down on who he was before.

I don't care how, but I want to win and defeat you. I get it now, I finally do. I've lied to myself ever since my match with Ed... I duel by respecting my opponent. I thought winning or losing wouldn't matter if I did that, but I was wrong. I thirst for it - for victory! ANd if I have to steal victory from your hands, I will!

Hell Kaiser's original philosophy is a "respectful duel" which is just a duel where you try to understand your opponent and what they're thinking. However, after his duel with Edo his perfectionist tendencies win out against his desire to understand his opponents and he becomes obsessed with victory.

If Salem goes in alchemy in reverse because she won't accept grief, Ryo goes through reverse alchemy because he won't accept the prospect of losing or that he might be wrong. Alchemy is also primarily about changing into a new substance, a person who won't admit they're wrong and doubles down can't change.

Ryo goes one step back in alchemy by changing his outfit from white (albedo) to black (nigredo). Everyone treats this as a big change / rebirth from him, but in their duels against him Fubuki his rival, and Sho his brother both say the opposite.

Fubuki calls upon the darkness to try to match Hell Kaiser's deck with his red eyes deck, believing that Kaiser must be lost in darkness or otherwise be possessed to be acting the way he is.

Only to have it confirmed twice this isn't the case, Ryo hasn't changed. He's stayed the same person he was at season one and his so called dark turn is actually character regression because he refuses to adapt to new circumstances. Even the way he's depicted in fire is once again, a reference to nigredo because he's taking one step back while everyone else is in the albedo stage.

Of course being obsessed with winning seems like it's not the worst thing in the world, until Ryo's obsession with chasing the thrill of victory leads to him not only nearly killing his little brother with the same electrodes he was shocked with in the underground arena (remember in season one where he lost a duel on purpose to camula to protect Sho's soul) and then in season 3 developing a heart condition because he kept using the electrodes during underground duels.

Ryo also descends into death by embracing the cyberdarks deck, a deck which primarily uses graveyard effects to make his monsters stronger. Nihilixir comes from resisting change, loss, grief all of these things which are inherent to life, and therefore leading to stagnation and death.

I spent so long on this section because one - this is GX's primary example of negative character development, but also because this too mirrors eventual growth Judai will have in season 3. Ryo is a foil and rival to Judai, and there will reach a point where Judai too much like Ryo rejects grief, and doubles down on power, becoming obsessed with victory. Judai goes through some major character regression before he can grow again.

EDO PHOENIX

This post, much like GX Season 2 has put off Edo's character development for long enough. Judai and Edo for all of their differences have one thing in common that they're both trapped in their childhood.

They are both lonely children who leaned on stories of heroes in order to comfort them. Edo believes in dark heroes that would avenge the death of his father, Judai believes in heroes who save others. They both play hero to cope, Edo plays a hero on a quest of revenge, and Judai plays hero to all of his friends, taking on their burdens as his own.

If anything a lot of cracks in Judai's behavior show in season 2 and become a problem in season 3 because he failed to address or fix them. Neglecting his friends his friends until they all get brainwashed and become victims of the main villain? Happens again in season 3. Judai being told he can't keep dueling for fun and will have to eventually accept responsibility? Happens in season 3. Judai realizing being a hero means carrying brudens that might crush you? Happens in season 3.

Saio is kind of a silly villain, he's possessed by evil space rays that made him try to use a satellite to destroy the earth. However, symbolically with the light of destruction as a force of too much light that wants to wipe out the dark I think the season achieve a lot in Jungian terms. There's an entire monologue in the Manjoume vs Judai duel episodes about how the light of destruction wants to banish all shadows, which is evil, and blocks the light.

Calmly close in your eyes a pure-white sun shining in the sky as it iluminates a flat-pure white land. Let us assume that something now sticks out on the land. It creates an evil - darkness. Which is evil and blocks out the light. We must take all those who bring forth the darkness... and eliminate them until they are no more!

This and many monologues from the white dorm / saiou hint that maybe, purity.... is a little bit bad. Alchemy is a process of balance by two opposing forces meeting in a chemical reaction, but the light just wants to bleach everything.

This season if anything sets up the idea that purity isn't that great... after all the light monologues about wanting to wipe out shadow, but it's impossible to get rid of your shadow in a Jungian sense.

So we have the start of the purity = bad symbolism, right next to Judai who is a character who's still constantly being lauded for his "purity" his "pure childlike heart" and so on and so forth.

Now is Judai pure because he's confronted the darkness, and come out on the other side of it, or is he pure because he's just... not even looking at or acknowledging the dark. After all Judai's shadow isn't here, Judai's shadow is Yubel and Yubel doesn't turn up until season 3.

Yu-Gi-Oh GX season 2 is paced badly, but there's also something to be said about the way it's structured. Judai basically remains a passive character all throughout, the only time he journeyed to find something is when his cards were bleached white. Judai only ever responds. Judai's friends are kidnapped and he goes to save them.

There's a scene where Judai is sitting in his room with Kenzan and Sho, and then someone walks in and says "Judai, I need you to save the world, someone is going to use a death ray satellite in order to wipe out humanity." And Judai's response is appropriately: "What?"

Which once again, bad pacing because the main character is almost entirely uninvolved in the conflict, but it also sets up the idea that Judai is once again the designated hero. Does he seek out and try to solve problems, or does he just end up getting problems dumped into his lap?

Of course this parallels him with Edo, someone who not only wants to be a hero (to the point where he dresses up and beats up thieves), sees himself as a person on a heoric quest for revenge, but is obsessed with the concept of Destiny and the idea that he must be a special, chosen hero.

The plot takes these two characters, one who is actively trying to be a hero, and one who is just forced by circustmances and his friends into the role of hero and then suggests they are the same.

The introduction of the DD episodes, and the duel against DD and Bloo-D establish that Edo's quest for revenge was pointless from the beginning. The person who killed his father has always been - right next to him, watching him flail around in the dark.

Believe in your D-Heroes power over the future all you want, but the time within you has been paused this entire time. From the moment your father died... you haven't changed at all - you haven't grown up at all. You're the same kid you were back then.

If Edo, the proffesional duelist, who puts on all these airs about maturity and constantly lambasts Judai for not understanding the sacrifices that heros make, the burdens they care and the responsibilities they have is just a child - then what does that say about Judai?

Edo Phoenix, the character that's supposed to represent the phoenix, death and rebirth is a character that's been stagnant all along just like Judai. Death is a part of alchemy, but as I went to great lengths to establish with Ryo's section, in alchemy stagnancy is DEATH.

DD possessed and corrupted by the light, spouts words that are eerily similiar to what Edo says.

Self-interest? Not quite. I wanted to know ehther or not I was the chosen one. Just look at history - all the greats who seized power would always commits some number of crimes. In killing your father, I became great myself - and I proved my status as a chosen one.

DD rants about being a chosen one, but what does being a chosen one mean? He's possessed by the light who saps him of all free will just like Saiou. Season 2 constantly talks about destiny and destined heroes, and for the longest time I thought it was just speaking lipservice. That typical "We the heroes can change destiny if we just believe enough" until I remembered my favorite Jung quote.

“Until you make the unconscious conscious, it will rule your life and you will call it Fate.” CG JUNG

Edo's obsession with destiny comes from not wanting to confront his past and his inner wounded child. If he believes he's a chosen hero on a quest for revenge, he doesn't have to confront what DD pointed out that he's still the grieving child who lost his father.

Since Edo ignores the unconscious, he is for most of the story a pawn in some way or another. He's a pawn to Saio believing and following his prophecies, he's a pawn to DD who killed his father never once suspecting him. The other characters who refuse to make the unconscious conscious become pawns of fate as well.

DD becomes split seeing himself in the mirror, before the voice of the Bloo-D card whispers to him and controls him. Saio becomes split as well between the version of himself Edo grew up with, and the one completely possessed by the avatar of destruction. Saio makes a case for being helpless to destiny since he was just possessed by evil space rays, but even Saio admits while ranting that he always hated the fact that people shunned him for having supernatural powers.

So purity = bad. Not acknowledging your shadow = being controlled by fate.

Then we have our willfully ignorant hero Judai who shows up to save the day as always.

Edo is the one who's actually gone through the process of alchemy and change in order to face this duel against Saio. Edo confronted DD, on a boat which burst into flames (fire) on top of the ocean (water). He basically speedran through Nigredo. He even killed his father in order to move forward through time again.

Edo also having gotten his revenge in the most empty way possible (not only does he find out his adoptive father was using him all along, and that his quest for revenge was pointless because the culrpit was right next to him, but also he has to kill his father's soul trapped in the card in order to win the duel) has no realized that his desire isn't to get revenge or even to defeat evil but to save Saio.

I'm sorry, Ed... I didn't mean to drag you into this. What are you talking about? You're my friend aren't you. [...] It's not fate I'm believing in. It's you, Saiou!"

He realizes this while finding Saiou's soul trapped in a recreation of their memories where they first met, when Saiou offered him an umbrella under the rain. Rain = water = albedo and Saio is wearing white, alright I'll stop now. The rain also scrubs clean his soul as Saio lets go of anger, and frustration and revenge ideas he had tied up into his dark intrepretation of heroism and focus on a friend.

My point is in order to duel against the light of destruction and try to reclaim Saiuo's soul, Edo gives up the satellite key and puts the world at risk in order to save one friend.

Edo Phoenix has finally experienced a death (the death of his father and adoptive father in flames, and the death of his original purpose of revenge) and rebirth. His new purpose becomes not to be the hero, but to hold out the umbrella and shelter Saiou from the rain the same way Saiou did in the past.

He also puts emphasis on his desire to connect with Saiou, and that being more important than any destiny or fate. Edo is trying to connect and collide with others again, and is finally starting to grow and change.

When Judai steps in he has practically no emotional investment, besides you know, not wanting Edo to die, and not wanting the world to get destroyed by a death laser because he lives there. Edo abandons the idea of being a hero, lets that dissolve and does something genuinely heroic in saving a person. Judai plays the hero again, but because he has no personal connection to Saio, practically everything he says about friendship, allies and fate is lipservice.

Edo is propelled by circumstances he thinks are fate the entire time when it's really just him failing to make conscious of the unconscious. However, he confronts his darkest self and then gains the ability to choose - and then confronts Saio by choice. Judai is still being thrust into the position of hero by destiny by the end of Season 2.

Judai ends season 2 not having changed. Since stagnation is death in any alchemy themed show, the show does not frame this as a good thing. Saio uses his ability to show Judai his future in episode 103 in an effort to intimidate him into giving up hope and accepting destiny.

After all this you still try to defy my wheel of fortune? In that case, I shall use my ability of foresight. You shall wallow in despair, and detest your own fate.

Saio not only shows Judai a preview of what will happen in Season 3 when Duel Academy gets teleported to another dimmension, he gets confronted with... bum, bum, bum HIS SHADOW!

Everyone say hi to Yubel!

A horrifying vision which Judai responds to with more lip-service. "I think our fates can be changed!" That's typically what the hero says in this situation.

However, you could also see this as another instance of Judai being forced to look at his shadow, only to choose to look away again. Because he looks away and fails to make the unconscious, conscious, everything that Saio and this vision predicts more or less comes to pass.

So Saio screams a lot about destruction, how inevitably everything will be destroyed in this duel, and it seems like generic doomsday villain stuff but it's right. Destruction is inevitable. Judai has a similair vision to the one Saio showed him in season two, at the beginning of season three of all of his friends dissolving into sand, a symbol of dissolution and that vision comes to pass too.

Death, and destruction are part of life, and alchemy is a process of accepting these things in order to dissolve and be reborn into something stronger.

Solve et Coagula (dissolve and coagulate) except Judai through two seasons, doesn't dissolve, and therefore doesn't come together and change into something stronger.

Judai is like peter pan a boy without his shadow, and without the ability to integrate his shadow he can't grow up. Which leads directly into all of his difficulty into season 3. Judai has a pure heart, but how does a pure heart that's never been dirtied (nigredo) and then scrubbed clean (albedo) know how to handle it when it starts to loser its purity? What about all of Judai's friends who value him for his purity and never look at his flaws, how can they cope with that fact when he starts those how those flaws?

As I said Ryo has a lot to do with Judai's season 3 arc by demonstrating the dangers of resisting change. Ryo becames unable to accept any loss and needs to always win. What happens when the invincible main character of the story Judai, the invincible ero starts to lose and doesn't know how to cope with the loss?

I'm sure he'll handle it much better than Ryo did. (I'm just kidding, he doesn't.)

Anyway, to the five Yu Gi Oh fans who read all this look forward to the second part of this post where I describe tarot symbolism.

[thisworldisablackhole]

Inter Arma New Heaven

🌕🌕🌕🌕🌑

FFO: POST METAL, DISSO-DEATH, NICK CAVE. SOUND WEIRD? IT IS / LISTEN

As the old saying goes; one man's descent into despair is another man's post-metal masterpiece. At least that's what my grandma used to say, bless her soul. Inter Arma are a metal band from Richmond, VA, who have long since made a name for themselves by defying genre constraints and refusing to pigeonhole themselves as anything other than "the band who defies genre constraints". They seemed to hit a new peak of cohesivity with their kitchen sink blend of influences on 2019's Sulphur English, but whereas that album's sonic arc had some ebb and flow to it, New Heaven embarks on a downhill battle with no end to the bleakness in sight.

In a way, I feel lucky that this album was my first exposure to the band, because I had absolutely no idea of the ride I was about to embark on. New Heaven kicks off with a cluster bomb of dissonant stabs and spiraling harmonies before settling into a full on blackened-death pummel fest that spans the first three tracks. The guitars are sharp like razor wires, the drums of war boom with a threatening aura, everything echoes with a thunderous dark energy thanks to the cavernous production style. I would have liked to hear some extra oomph from the bass in the mix, but I digress. There is no sense of heaviness absent as Paparo growls and shrieks his abstract nihilism like the lone prisoner of a dying world - "You pluck your harp against the deathless echo of the driving rain, humming a joyless mantra not a single soul can hear".

Fourth track "Endless Grey" is where things start to get weird—gently ushering us to the dark side of the moon with an epic instrumental passage of dueling guitar leads and plodding funeral-esque drums before spitting us out into a cold wave of gothic post punk. In "Gardens in the Dark", Mike swaps out his growls for a baritone bellow as a wave of dismal synths wash against the steady rhythm of the bass and coalesce into cathartic crescendos. It's a stark shift in tone, but one that just feels right, as if we have just watched our protagonist descend through his reflection into the shadow realm. It's in this realm where Mike pens some of his most heart wrenching lyrical content on the record - "Were you attempting to calm a storm that wouldn't subside? God damn that suicide, and your garden in the dark".

The next two tracks continue this trend of doom and gloom post punk while seamlessly weaving back in passages of growling, dirgy black metal. "Concrete Cliff" in particular stands out as having the most balance between the two moods of the album, but then we quickly hit the bottom of the elevator shaft, and it opens it's doors to a neo-folk hell. "Forest Service Road Blues" somehow manages to out-misery every other song on the album, and closes out our journey with the most desolate and lonely note it could muster. Mike sings of dwindling mental health and the societal isolation it causes as acoustic guitar, piano, and violin weep in congruence. "They say they've tried to coax him down a hundred times or more, but he just points to the shovel layin' next to the door. They say sometimes you've just gotta let a man dig his own grave." It's the final nail in our coffin. We were born, we witnessed the ugliest parts of humanity, and now we've been laid to rest. Thus the album concludes. I told you it was bleak.

I can see how this type of album flow could be polarizing to veteran fans, especially following the aforementioned peak of cohesivity with Sulphur English, but New Heaven is simply a project that cares more of translating it's ideas with clarity than it does with feeling coherent. It has a narrative with a distinct arc that is brief, easy to follow, and offers plenty of replay incentive for those who don't mind feeling like they are listening to Portal, Neurosis and Nick Cave at the same time. That's a win in my books.

[darkmaga-returns]

As the major presidential candidates proclaim their faith credentials in the final days of the election, it’s noteworthy that Kamala Harris got her big boost into politics from a lover who was a close ally of the cultic mass murderer Jim Jones.

In 1978, Jones led more than 900 followers to their deaths in the jungles of Jonestown, Guyana, by having them drink poisoned juice. It was one of the darkest days of the revolutionary after-life of the 1960s in America.

The sulphurous stench of Jonestown still lingers in American culture. The tragedy was inextricably linked to the trending emergence of a new civil religion replacing “old Christendom.” Charged by hyper-racialist and pan-sexual self-expression, it proved hostile at its core to traditional Christian family life as the foundational basis for the U.S. republic.

The opening ceremony at the Olympics this summer showed how that new civil religion has gone global. Dionysus prancing around a blasphemous LGBTQ parody of the “Last Supper” was very much in the spirit of Jones’ culturally Marxist and nominally Christian new order. That revolution in “normalized” form is now not only livestreamed but mainstreamed. In the United States, it replaces lingering quaint nods to Christianity such as President Eisenhower’s 1950s “In God We Trust” motto on U.S. currency.

[smute]

Global temperatures soared to a new record in September by a huge margin, stunning scientists and leading one to describe it as “absolutely gobsmackingly bananas”.

The hottest September on record follows the hottest August and hottest July, with the latter being the hottest month ever recorded. The high temperatures have driven heatwaves and wildfires across the world.

September 2023 beat the previous record for that month by 0.5C, the largest jump in temperature ever seen. September was about 1.8C warmer than pre-industrial levels. Datasets from European and Japanese scientists confirm the leap.

The heat is the result of the continuing high levels of carbon dioxide emissions combined with a rapid flip of the planet’s biggest natural climate phenomenon, El Niño. The previous three years saw La Niña conditions in the Pacific Ocean, which lowers global temperature by a few tenths of a degree as more heat is stored in the ocean.

Conditions have now rebounded to an El Niño event, which releases ocean heat and drives up temperatures. It’s all but certain that 2023 will be the hottest on record and 2024 may even exceed that, as the heating impact of El Niño is felt most in the year after it begins.

“September was, in my professional opinion as a climate scientist, absolutely gobsmackingly bananas,” said Zeke Hausfather, at the Berkeley Earth climate data project.

Mika Rantanen, climate researcher at the Finnish Meteorological Institute, said: “I’m still struggling to comprehend how a single year can jump so much compared to previous years.” Prof Ed Hawkins, at the University of Reading, UK, said the heat seen this summer was “extraordinary”.

Samantha Burgess, at the EU’s Copernicus Climate Change Service, said: “The unprecedented temperatures for the time of year observed in September have broken records by an extraordinary amount. 2023 [is] on track to be the warmest year and about 1.4C above pre-industrial average temperatures. Two months out from [the UN climate conference] Cop28, the sense of urgency for ambitious climate action has never been more critical.”

The heat hit record levels within many countries too, including France, Germany, and Poland. The UK saw its joint hottest September on record, the Met Office reported, in data that goes back to 1884.

In Australia, climate scientist and author Joelle Gergis said: “Observations of Australia’s climate in September are shocking. Figures show where maximum temperatures were the highest on record, with many areas 3C to 5C above average. Rainfall deficits are primed for drought. Summer is going to be brutal.”

While human-caused global heating and El Niño are the biggest factors causing the record-breaking temperatures, other factors may be contributing small increases as well, Hausfather said. These include an uptick in the 11-year solar cycle, cuts in sun-blocking sulphur emissions from shipping and industry and a volcanic eruption in Tonga that released a large amount of water vapour, which traps heat.

In August, the Guardian asked 45 leading climate scientists from around the world about the record-breaking temperatures. They said that, despite it certainly feeling as if events had taken an alarming turn, the broad global heating trend seen to date was entirely in line with three decades of scientific predictions.

Increasingly severe weather impacts had also been long signposted by scientists, although the speed and intensity of the reality and the unexpected vulnerability of many populations scared some. The off-the-charts sea temperatures and Antarctic sea ice loss were seen as the most shocking events.

The scientists said that the exceptional events of 2023 could be a normal year in just a decade, unless there is a dramatic increase in climate action. The researchers overwhelmingly pointed to one action as critical: slashing the burning of fossil fuels down to zero.

Source

[chemanalystdata]

Sulphur Prices | Pricing | Price | News | Database | Chart | Forecast

 Sulphur prices have experienced notable fluctuations in recent years due to a variety of factors influencing both supply and demand. The global sulphur market, a critical component in industries ranging from agriculture to energy, has seen its dynamics shift with the introduction of new regulations, technological advancements, and changes in production methods. Sulphur, primarily used in the manufacture of fertilizers, chemicals, and as a byproduct in oil refining, holds significant economic importance. The price of sulphur is closely tied to global oil production and refining processes, as it is commonly extracted during the refining of crude oil. When oil prices rise, the cost of sulphur can also increase due to higher production costs. Conversely, when oil prices fall, sulphur prices may decrease as well, though this relationship can be influenced by other market factors.

In recent years, stricter environmental regulations have impacted sulphur prices. The introduction of measures aimed at reducing emissions from shipping and industrial activities has increased demand for low-sulphur fuels and cleaner technologies. This shift has led to changes in sulphur production and distribution, affecting its market price. Additionally, geopolitical tensions and trade policies can also play a significant role in sulphur price volatility. Disruptions in major sulphur-producing regions, such as the Middle East and parts of Asia, can lead to supply shortages and subsequent price increases.

Technological advancements in sulphur recovery and production processes have also contributed to the variability in sulphur prices. Innovations in extraction and processing technologies have improved efficiency and reduced costs, potentially lowering prices. However, the initial investment required for these technologies can be substantial, influencing the price in the short term. The balance between supply and demand is a crucial factor in determining sulphur prices. A surge in global demand for sulphur, driven by increased agricultural production or industrial activities, can lead to higher prices if supply cannot keep pace. Conversely, an oversupply of sulphur, due to increased production or reduced demand, can lead to price declines.

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In the agricultural sector, sulphur is a key ingredient in fertilizers, and changes in agricultural practices and crop demands can significantly impact sulphur prices. The rise in global food demand and the need for efficient agricultural practices can drive up the demand for sulphur-based fertilizers, influencing its market price. Conversely, changes in farming practices, such as the adoption of alternative fertilizers or improved crop yields, can reduce the demand for sulphur and affect its price.

The sulphur market is also influenced by fluctuations in global economic conditions. Economic growth or recession can impact industrial production and, consequently, sulphur demand. During periods of economic expansion, increased industrial activity can lead to higher sulphur consumption, driving up prices. In contrast, economic downturns can reduce industrial activity and sulphur demand, leading to price declines.

Another factor affecting sulphur prices is the development of alternative technologies and materials. Innovations in materials science and the development of alternative chemical processes can reduce the reliance on sulphur or offer more cost-effective solutions. As industries seek to minimize costs and environmental impact, the adoption of these alternatives can influence sulphur demand and, consequently, its market price.

Global trade policies and market regulations also play a role in shaping sulphur prices. Tariffs, trade agreements, and export restrictions can affect the flow of sulphur between countries, influencing its availability and cost. Countries that rely heavily on sulphur imports or exports may experience price fluctuations due to changes in trade policies or international market conditions.

The sulphur market's complexity means that prices can be influenced by a multitude of interrelated factors. From global economic trends and environmental regulations to technological advancements and geopolitical developments, the dynamics of sulphur pricing are continually evolving. As industries and governments navigate these complexities, understanding the underlying factors that drive sulphur prices becomes crucial for stakeholders across the supply chain. Monitoring market trends, technological advancements, and regulatory changes will be essential for anticipating and managing the impacts of sulphur price fluctuations on various sectors and economies.

Get Real Time Prices for Sulphur : https://www.chemanalyst.com/Pricing-data/sulphur-39

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[trendingreportz]

Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems Market - Forecast(2024 - 2030)

FGD systems is utilizing in the industry to extract to remove Sulphur dioxide (SO2) from the flue gases, it assist in lowering the amount of SO2 in flue gas and assist greenhouse gas emission. Dry, wet and semi dry FGD systems is the key technology to the market. wet FGD is mostly use in the market that is high priced as compare to the dry FGD system and it have low maintenance and operating cost feature also. Dry FGD system perform efficiently in power plant with the capacity of 300MW while wet FGD system efficiency is more than 300MW. Some of the country is growing the flue gas desulfurization market for thermal power generation, the control of SO2 emission from thermal power plant is examined in developing commercial process.

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The worldwide Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems Market has been analyzed on the basis its types and the process and different absorbers of flue gas desulfurization and their applications. FGD process are segmented as throwaway product, saleable product process. It has many applications in different industry such as to produce the power, to provide energy to metal smelters, and for cement kilns.

What is Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems Market?

Term flue gas desulfurization referred to wet scrubbers which remove Sulphur dioxide (SO2) from emissions of coal combustion. Flue gas desulfurization is commonly named as FGD, this technology is generally used in power plants to extract the Sulphur dioxide (SO2) from the exhaust combustion gases, this combust gases comes when they burn coal or oil to produce steam for turbines that drive electricity generators. In FGD we use acid rain or acid control system interchangeably to segment a wide range of control system design. FGD system can be categorized as dry FGD, semi-dry FGD, and wet FGD system.

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What are the applications of Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems Market?

Flue gas desulfurization system has various role to the environment, their sub process such as lime plays a key role to air pollution control. It has many typical industrial application such as pollution control in utility combustion in industry like stationary coal and oil fired, other combustion unit such as medical and municipal waste incinerators, petroleum refineries, glass furnaces, metal smelters, and cement and lime kilns manufacturing facilities. 

Market Research and Market Trends of Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems Market:

Many of the country with high pollution rate are working for new advanced feature of FGD system, which is one of the outcomes to their continuous innovation over years. This new AFGD system is more efficient as compare to FGD system efficiency.

FGD scrubbers system creates a wastewater stream which contains high suspended solids, metals and chloride content that is very difficult to handle and recycling for reuse in power plant. So without disposing that waste water they take it into the Zero-liquid discharge (ZLD) water treatment process which completely recycle water under certain limitations.

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Who are the Major Players of Flue Gas Desulfurization Systems Market?

The major players in this market are Siemens, Chinaboqi, Babcock & Wilcox Company and XX other companies.

What is our report scope?

The report incorporates in-depth assessment of the competitive landscape, product market sizing, product benchmarking, market trends, product developments, financial analysis, strategic analysis and so on to gauge the impact forces and potential opportunities of the market. Apart from this the report also includes a study of major developments in the market such as product launches, agreements, acquisitions, collaborations, mergers and so on to comprehend the prevailing market dynamics at present and its impact during the forecast period 2018-2023.

All our reports are customizable to your company needs to a certain extent, we do provide 20 free consulting hours along with purchase of each report, and this will allow you to request any additional data to customize the report to your needs.

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Key Takeaways from this Report

Evaluate market potential through analyzing growth rates (CAGR %), Volume (Units) and Value ($M) data given at country level – for product types, end use applications and by different industry verticals.

Understand the different dynamics influencing the market – key driving factors, challenges and hidden opportunities.

Get in-depth insights on your competitor performance – market shares, strategies, financial benchmarking, product benchmarking, SWOT and more.

Analyze the sales and distribution channels across key geographies to improve top-line revenues.

Understand the industry supply chain with a deep-dive on the value augmentation at each step, in order to optimize value and bring efficiencies in your processes. 

Get a quick outlook on the market entropy – M&A’s, deals, partnerships, product launches of all key players for the past 4 years. 

Evaluate the supply-demand gaps, import-export statistics and regulatory landscape for more than top 20 countries globally for the market. 

[communicationblogs]

Ammonium Sulfate Market — Forecast(2024–2030)

Ammonium Sulfate Market Overview

This report identifies the Ammonium Sulfate market size in 2030 as 4 billion and the forecast period is 2024 to 2030 with a CAGR of 6%. It also highlights the potential growth opportunities in the coming years, while also reviewing the market drivers, restraints, growth indicators, challenges, market dynamics, competitive landscape, and other key aspects with respect to the Ammonium Sulfate market. Ammonium Sulfate has a high Sulfur content in the Sulfate form which occurs naturally in volcanic fumaroles as a rare mineral, mascagnite. It is in an organic salt that is prepared by treatment of ammonia along with sulphuric acid as a by-product from coke ovens. It is also prepared by treatment of ammonium carbonate with gypsum to give calcium carbonate in precipitated form leaving ammonium sulphate in solution form.

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Ammonium Sulfate is used in a wide range of applications such as fertilizers for alkaline soils, purifying protein, flame retardants, food additives, and the preparation of ammonium salts such as ammonium persulfate. It is also amongst the most widely used nitrogen fertilizers used globally to enhance crop yields in various agricultural applications. Apart from this ammonium sulphate is also used in pharmaceutical applications, industrial chemicals and production of cattle feed supplements. Globally demand for the Ammonium Sulfate market is driven by factors such as increasing consumption of Nitrogen-based fertilizers globally to increase crop yields and increasing usage of ammonium sulphate in the food and beverage industry.

Ammonium Sulfate is gaining traction in the agricultural sector due to its dual functionality as a soil fertilizer and a source of Sulfur, which is crucial for plant growth. As soil depletion becomes a more prominent issue, the demand for effective fertilizers like Ammonium Sulfate is rising. It’s particularly favored in regions with Sulfur-deficient soils. The trend reflects a broader shift towards more targeted and efficient fertilization techniques to enhance crop yields and soil health. Besides its agricultural use, Ammonium Sulfate is finding increasing applications in various industries. Its use in the pharmaceutical industry for antibiotic and protein purification is notable. The compound is also used in the production of flame retardants, as it reduces the combustion ability of materials. This diversification of applications is driving growth in the Ammonium Sulfate market, reducing its dependency solely on agricultural demand.

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In this report, global Ammonium Sulfate market is further segmented based on the basis of end-use applications as follows:

Global Ammonium Sulfate Market, By Application (2024–2030): Agrochemicals, Pharmaceutical, Water Treatment & Food Processing, Textile Dyeing, Others

This report has been further segmented into major regions, which includes a detailed analysis of each region such as North America, Europe, Asia-Pacific (APAC), and the Rest of the World (RoW) covering all the major country-level markets in each of the region

Ammonium Sulfate Market Segment Analysis — by Application

Agrochemicals held a significant share in 2023, Ammonium Sulfate is primarily used as a nitrogenous fertilizer in agriculture. Its effectiveness in providing essential nutrients like nitrogen and Sulfur to various crops makes it a staple in farming practices. Its demand is closely tied to global food production needs, which are consistently rising. The sector is likely experiencing steady growth, driven by the global increase in agricultural activities, the need for higher crop yields, and the recognition of Sulfur’s importance in plant nutrition. Ammonium Sulfate is gaining traction in the agricultural sector due to its dual functionality as a soil fertilizer and a source of Sulfur, which is crucial for plant growth. As soil depletion becomes a more prominent issue, the demand for effective fertilizers like Ammonium Sulfate is rising. It’s particularly favored in regions with Sulfur-deficient soils.

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Ammonium Sulfate Market Segment Analysis — by Geography

Globally Asia-Pacific dominated the market for Ammonium Sulfate in 2023 and is estimated to continue the same during the period of study. Demand for Ammonium Sulfate in the region is estimated to be driven by the high usage of nitrogen-based fertilisers in the agricultural practices in the region. Asia-Pacific Ammonium Sulfate market is expected to be followed by the North American and European Ammonium Sulfate Market respectively as the second and third largest analgesics market.

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[ravinderimarc]

The global sulphuric acid market has achieved a significant benchmark, reaching $15.5 Billion in 2023. According to IMARC Group, the market is poised to grow to $17.9 Billion by 2032, at a CAGR of 1.5%. This steady growth reflects the critical role sulphuric acid plays across various industries. Stay informed about the latest market trends and forecasts.

[themarketupdate]

Recovered Sulphur Market Expecting the Unexpected future in 2030; SWOT analysis, investment feasibility analysis

Sulphur is a resource that is used to make paper, fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, pesticides, and steel, among other things. Sulphur recovery refers to the conversion of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) into elemental sulfur. Hydrogen sulfide is the result of the production of combustible gas and the refining of unrefined oils with high sulfur content. There are many innovations in sulfur recovery that are accessible for various applications. However, the most commonly used conversion method is the Claus process. Sulphur recovery is defined as the conversion of hydrogen sulfide into elemental sulphur. Hydrogen sulfide is one of the main by-products in the processing of high-sulfur crude oils and natural gas. The increasing focus on regulations to reduce sulphur in products and lower sulphur emissions has, in turn, increased the demand for the use of sulphur recovery technologies. Sulphur recovery technologies are mainly based on two processes: the Claus and Claus process and the tail gas treatment process.

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Latest released the research study on Global Recovered Sulphur Market, offers a detailed overview of the factors influencing the global business scope. Recovered Sulphur Market research report shows the latest market insights, current situation analysis with upcoming trends and breakdown of the products and services. The report provides key statistics on the market status, size, share, growth factors of the Recovered Sulphur The study covers emerging player’s data, including: competitive landscape, sales, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are Valero Energy Corp (United States), John Wood Group Plc (United Kingdom), Exxon Mobil Corp (United States), ConocoPhillips Co (United States), Marathon Petroleum Corp (United States), Motiva Enterprises LLC (United States), Shell Global (Netherlands), Jacobs Engineering Group Inc. (United States), Technip SA (France), Linde AG (Ireland)

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