#Smoke Extraction Motors Market

[erhangwang]

DP2 - Project 01 - Market Stall in the Intoxicating Garden

Week 2:

The UK 2021 Climate report from the Met Office states that there is a tremendous possibility that the decreasing wind speed since the 1900's will start to reverse and we will face stronger winds and storms in the future. This is supported in other sources including The Guardian. Therefore the environmental element that the market stall I am designing is privileging is 'strong winds'. I would also like to investigate how a market stall that is prepared for 2050 can bring people back to reality and make them appreciate the beauty of nature while the world will have a more integrated metaverse and AI technology.

The axonometric drawing inspired by the painting 'The Dream' (Rousseau) shows the initial idea of my market stall. It incorporates a hydraulic controlled wind dividing system (inspired by the aerodynamics devices of warships and motoring industry) which forms a buffer space for a garden. The wind dividers are positioned in the southern side due to the direction of the prevailing wind of the Beckton Alps area. The whole elevated ground structure of the market stall is controlled by the robotic arm system so as the inclination of the roof structure, inspired by the film 'Upgrade'. The Tube structures on the north side will face more gentle winds and are designed to have three functions: First, extraction duct for the smoke generated by the Portuguese dish 'Naco na Pedra' (Beef on Rock); Second, windmill for generating electricity to power the stall; Third, instruments that generate sounds to create a vivid environment.

For next week I need to iterate the idea by carrying out various experiments and testing. I need to do physical simulations to explore how wind and steam really interact with the vessel of the stall in order to have a better performance. I should consider how one stall might affect the surrounding stalls as well as the effect on wind due to the hill. I need to experiment and model the optimum height of the windmill, and the functions of the tubes and improve the whole structure in more detail.

[wholesaletobaccoaustralia]

Marlboro Ice Blast Cigarettes

Marlboro has a long history of sponsorship in motor racing. It backed factory World Rally Championship teams in the 1972 and 1974 seasons, and has appeared on the suits of drivers including Markku Alen and Timo Salonen.

In South Korea, marlboro ice blast cigarettes packages display intrafamily codes inferring a hierarchy of relative harm on the basis of the size of the Marlboro rooftop symbol. A larger rooftop is used for variants reporting a high machine-measured tar yield, and a smaller roof is used for variants reporting a low nominal tar yield.

MENTHOL

Menthol is a minty flavoring that can be found in many food products, tobacco products, and medicines. It has a cooling and anesthetic effect, suppressing the cough reflex and soothing a dry throat. It is also known to cause vasoconstriction, which can increase blood pressure and lead to heart attack and stroke. Menthol is especially dangerous for those with health conditions like cancer, heart disease, or high blood pressure.

Menthol can be derived from natural sources such as peppermint oil or extracted from its leaves and buds. It can also be produced synthetically. The natural chemical has mirror-image versions called L-menthol and D-menthol. L-menthol has low acute toxicity when administered orally, but the D-form can be toxic in high doses.

In a recent study, Roswell Park researchers used a randomized controlled design to compare the effects of different delivery methods of menthol in cigarettes on sensory attributes, perceived risk and appeal, and short-term smoking urges. The study was conducted in participants ages 18 to 24.

ICEBALL

The ice blast inside a cigarette was an innovation. It changed the way of thinking about a cigarette, as it challenged the notion that it’s a commodity product. The ice burst was a huge delta over regular marlboro gold cigarettes products. This was an important differentiation in the market and it solved for adoption behaviour.

Ice Blast is a capsule cigarette with an ice core that can be crushed by the smoker to unleash the intensely cool taste of menthol. It is available in a range of pack sizes, including the iconic flip-top box. The cigarettes are manufactured by Philip Morris UK and sold across Europe.

Cigarette packages depict numbers and sequentially different rooftop sizes to communicate relative machine-measured tar yields. In South Korea, for instance, a larger blue-coloured rooftop is seen on a variant with a claimed tar yield of 6.0 mg while a smaller rooftop is used for another offering reporting a tar yield of 1.0 mg.

ICEBURST

Ice burst is a cigarette from Philip Morris that features an iceball inside the filter which can be crushed to supercharge the icy cold taste sensation. The Iceball is a new innovation in the premium cigarette category and is designed to deliver a more refreshing experience than conventional cigarettes.

Ice burst is available in different countries and is intended to appeal to smokers seeking a more refreshing smoking experience. In addition, it is expected to comply with local tobacco regulations, including age-restricted marketing and sale. It is also likely to include health warnings and information about the risks of smoking. The ice flavour is a novel feature in the market and is intended to be complementary to the existing Marlboro portfolio. It is part of PMI’s strategy to leverage the ice brand to grow share in the global menthol cigarette market.

PACKAGING

Marlboro Ice Blast is a new variant of the popular marlboro red cigarettes Menthol cigarettes. It features an extra menthol capsule in the filters which can be cracked open by pressing down hard on the pack. This new feature adds to the menthol flavor and taste of the cigarette. The packaging for Marlboro Ice Blast has been changed from the previous one to include a new logo. The logo is similar to the other Marlboro cigarette packs, but features a green ball that can be broken by pressing down on the pack.

The cigarette packages for both the Marlboro and Ice Blast brand variants portray blue-coloured rooftops, with the different rooftop sizes communicating a hierarchy of relative machine-measured tar yields. The package for the 6.0 mg tar-yield variant depicts a larger rooftop, while the 1.0 mg variant depicts a comparatively smaller rooftop.

In order to ensure that the ice cubes are safe to smoke, it is important to wrap them in a paper or plastic bag before smoking them. This will prevent them from melting or becoming soggy, and will also help reduce the risk of fires or burns.

[dnstore]

রান্নাঘর তেল চিটচিট মুক্ত ও গরম বাতাস দূর করুন কিচেন হুড দিয়ে। Gazi Smiss Kitchen Hood Price In BD.

Best Brands kitchen hood price in Bangladesh. top bes gazi smiss brands chimney cooker hood lowest price in Bangladesh. Kitchen hoods, also known as range hoods or extractor fans, are appliances that help remove smoke, fumes, grease, and odors from the air while you cook. They are an essential part of any kitchen, as they help keep the air clean and healthy and can protect your cabinets and walls from grease and smoke damage.

Shop Name: DN STORE Address: Shop: 1-2, And 21-22-23, (Ground Floor), Biswas Builders, New Market City Complex, New Market, Dhaka-1205

Mobile: 01719-439533 01681-440688 01851-083947

There are different types of kitchen hoods available in the market, so it is important to choose the right one for your needs. Some things to consider when choosing a kitchen hood:

Size of your cooktop: The hood should be at least as wide as your cooktop, and wider is better. Motor power: The motor should be powerful enough to extract air efficiently from your kitchen. Filter type: Most hoods have metal mesh filters that can be removed and cleaned. Some hoods also have charcoal filters to help eliminate odors. Noise levels: Some hoods are quieter than others. Style: Kitchen hoods come in a variety of styles to match your kitchen decor.

Here are some popular types of kitchen hoods:

Under-cabinet hoods: These are the most common types of hoods. They are mounted under the cabinet above your cooktop. Island Hood: These hoods are mounted from the ceiling above the island cooktop. Wall-mounted hoods: These hoods are mounted on the wall above your cooktop. Downdraft Hood: These hoods are mounted on the cooktop.

I hope this information helps you choose the right kitchen hood for your needs.

[glenenquiry22]

New Launch: Glen Inverter Kitchen Chimney with 1400m3/h Double Draft Suction

Glen has added another milestone in its journey with the launch of Inverter Kitchen Chimney with Double Draft Suction. It is yet another smart step in making your kitchens smoke, odor & grime free. Glen has been marketing a wide variety of chimneys over past 20 years. From Island hoods, Straight line & Split to Auto clean and Designer chimneys, Glen has a range to suit every kitchen and requirement of customers. The Glen 6076 Double Draft Suction chimney is designed in slim shape to complement your modern kitchen. It has many advantages over the normal models. Below are some features of the chimney: - Specially designed to suit Indian kitchens - Double draft suction airflow 1400m3/h - One touch heat auto clean chimney - Easy to clean detachable oil collector - 9 speeds with stir fry function - Filterless so no need to clean filters - Brushless DC motor with 7 years warranty Equipped with BLDC Motor: Brushless DC Motor is highly reliable and runs more efficiently than brushed or AC motor. It has higher speed and produces less noise than traditional brushed motors. These are durable and require less maintenance. The BLDC motor chimney has a longer life compared to traditional DC motors that have brushes, BLDC motors run efficiently and have little or no power loss which is a problem that can accompany brushed motors due to increased friction caused by brushes. As the brushes can also wear out during the course of operating the motor, this can cause sparking and lead to fire hazards. Advantages of BLDC Motor: - Smaller in size - Adjustable Speed - Better heat removal - High Starting torque - Faster response - No or less maintenance Glen has been devoted to researching super air pressure technology for over a decade. And this time, offering maximum suction power with BLDC motor is its result. With the capability to provide high-speed performance and efficient operation, the brushless DC motor is an obvious choice that can be used in multiple applications across a range of industries. Highlights of Glen Inverter kitchen chimney with Double Draft Suction: Vertical design: Unlike traditional chimneys, where the suction is either from top or side, this Glen chimney traps the smoke from top as well as bottom. Slim body Ease of Installation: With slim design just 414mm depth against 520mm of the normal chimneys, the Glen 6076 Double draft chimney has slim body helps that helps you replace the existing chimney in an old kitchen or install in a new kitchen camouflaging the hood by same cabinet panel. No need to adjust the existing decoration of your house. Equipped with BLDC motor: Low heat, low noise Brushless DC Motor that is very energy efficient and uses as much power as required to perform the function. Superfast double draft extraction: This chimney is designed to extract the smoke in super-efficient manner and is most suitable for Indian cooking needs and keeps the air in kitchen clean. 530 PA Static Pressure: The BLDC Motor provides strong static pressure for better exhaust performance and efficiency. High Static Pressure helps to avoid the back pressure created by long exhaust pipe. Environment friendly LED Lights: Soft on eyes LED lights, to cover a wide cooking area for better experience of the cooking. Heat Auto clean system: High temperature heat cleaning melts the stubborn grease & oil from the interior at a simple touch of Auto clean function. Easy to clean: As there are no filters in this chimney, the mesh can be cleaned with easy swipe of a damp cloth. The detachable oil tray allows convenient removing so that you can empty the collected oil. Intelligent touch controls with motion sensor: The chimney can easily sense every command by gestures. So in case of increasing or decreasing speed or turning the chimney on/off, the same can be done by just a wave of hand. For more information about the chimney, please feel free to connect with our sales team via Social media or dial 9717156666 to talk to our sales team.

[systemfanglobalgroup]

Axial fan - Centrifugal fan what's the difference

Industrial fans are used for ventilation, cooling, fresh air supply, dust collection, and exhaust gas extraction in factories, industrial parks, buildings, and workshops... Commonly known for two types of industrial fans are axial and centrifugal fans.

Let's learn about 2 lines of industrial fans in this article. Helping you choose the right industrial fan.

Concept

A centrifugal fan is a fan with two different suction and blowing directions. There is usually one direction of air intake and one direction of airflow. Shaped like a snail or scallop.

Axial fans have a cylindrical shape, and the direction of suction and blowing is parallel to the axis of the fan. After the air is drawn in from one end, it will be blown out at the other end.

The same point

- These two lines of industrial fans are both popular exhaust fans on the market. They can absorb dust, hot air, and moisture inside the space to the outside. To help the space become clean, and airy, limit dust.

- Both are 2 fan lines with large capacity and large flow. Therefore, it is widely used in large industrial environments such as factories, factories, etc.

- There are 2 fan lines, direct and indirect. The two types of direct and indirect fans are distinguished through their construction. Direct current has a motor directly attached to the impeller, whereas indirect flow has a motor attached indirectly through the belt and then to the impeller.

Differences

1. Different fan shapes: axial fans usually have round cylinders or square boxes depending on the location and installation purposes to choose the right fan line. In that gas, the centrifugal fan is shaped like a snail or an oyster.

2. Difference in blade structure: Axial fans usually have a much smaller number of blades than centrifugal fans. Thanks to their different wing configurations, they also have different specific applications.

3. Difference in input power: centrifugal fans often have extremely high input power, while axial fans have lower input power.

4. Different applications: centrifugal fans are often used to vacuum and filter dust thanks to their extremely strong suction, they are capable of thoroughly sucking exhaust gases and waste. On the contrary, axial fans are mainly used for ventilation and cooling or can be used for kitchen smoke extraction, welding fume extraction, etc. Not commonly used for chemical environments. Because the impeller is in the path of the exhaust airflow, it is easily exposed to dirt and easily corroded, reducing the efficiency of the fan.

5. Pressure difference

Centrifugal fans generally have much higher compression efficiency than axial fans. They can generate pressures up to 100,000 Pa or even higher. Meanwhile, axial fans only have an average pressure of 50 - 500 Pa.

Should use an axial fan or centrifugal fan

Many people initially do not know whether to choose a centrifugal fan or an axial fan. And quite confused about this issue. Then don't worry, below we will answer for you as follows:

To choose the right fan, you need to determine what the purpose of using the fan is. If you only use it for air circulation, you can choose an axial fan. If it is necessary to vacuum and filter dust in harsher environments such as wood dust, steel dust, chemical dust, etc., it must be treated before being discharged into the environment. You need to choose a centrifugal fan to get the best dust collection efficiency.

In addition, it is necessary to choose the pressure, flow, and size ... on the needs of users. To know exactly, you should choose a supplier for the fastest and most suitable advice.

If you need to buy industrial fans (axial fans, centrifugal fans), contact System Fan Global - systemfanglobal.com for quick advice. We supply reputable industrial fan lines in the market.

[binayakenterprise]

Chimney Dealers in Bhubaneswar

Electric Kitchen Chimney: Powerful Suction and Number of Fans

Cooking creates a lot of smoke and gas, which can be dangerous not only to your loved ones but also to the interior of your kitchen. The purpose of the electric chimney is to clean the air of greasy smoke and evaporated oil in the kitchen. Chimney filters remove odor-causing grease from the air, keeping your kitchen cool and fresh. The chimney's powerful suction will quickly remove all smoke and fumes from your kitchen, leaving the air clean and fresh. Are you looking for the best Chimney Dealers in Bhubaneswar?

Mechanism of Electric Kitchen Chimney

Kitchen Chimney works by through a filter, fan and ductwork. These parts of an electric chimney work to remove smoke, grease and bad odors from the kitchen.

·         The Filter – It traps and collects the particles.

·         The Fan – It draws the smoke, grease and odors by the filter.

·         The Ductwork- It throws out the smoke, grease and odors out of the kitchen.

It keeps the kitchen air clean, purified and fresh. Chimneys keep the walls free of oil and slime. Chimney extraction effectively removes oil, along with smoke and fumes, from your kitchen space long before it sticks to your walls.  

Types of Kitchens

The Indian market has many brands that offer a wide variety of kitchen fireplaces. There are two types of chimneys commonly found in India - baffle filters and metal grease filters. When it comes to Indian cuisine, baffle filters are considered superior to metal grease filters. This is because the baffle filter contains an overlap filter that uses suction to suck out the grease. Metal grease filters tend to draw grease proportionally. If you need high-quality kitchen chimneys, you should contact the best Chimney Dealers in Bhubaneswar.

Factors to be considered while purchasing a Kitchen Chimney

·         Air suction Capacity - This refers to the engine's capacity to draw in odor and oil vapors and is measured in m3 per hour.

·         Number of Fans - Fans work simultaneously with the motor to effectively remove unwanted odors and oil vapors at varying speeds for better operation at a lower noise level.

·         Size – Consider the size of your electric fireplace before purchasing. Usually 60cm and 90cm he comes in two sizes.

Shree Binayak Enterprises, one of the best Chimney Dealers in Bhubaneswar offers the best modular kitchen sales and services.

[kiwiblinds00]

Use Roller Blinds to Enhance Beauty And Security

If you are thinking of refurbishing your home decorations then changing the traditional curtains of windows and doors with roller blinds is an amazing choice that you require to consider. Roller blinds currently come in beautiful colours and designs that would improve the beauty of any room at the house. Roller blind is also the best option for offices for privacy. But that doesn't mean blinds can't be used for home furnishings because stiffened fabric roller blinds are now available, providing complete privacy even in homes.

Knowing Much About the Roller Blinds

Roller blind that is made from light material and does not offer too much privacy may also be used at home for rooms such as the dining hall and kitchen. They are particularly well in the kitchen because they not only add an element of beauty but are also practical because they may filter light and smoke from the kitchen. Rollers in the living room are a fantastic option because they can be used not only for aesthetic value but also to keep unwanted noise out of the room. It is one of the main reasons why roller blind is used in offices - to filter out the noise from outside but of course offices and corporate select more sedate colours and designs.

Blind is the most effective furnishing for bathrooms because you can purchase the waterproof ones which make them a practical solution for simple cleaning and maintenance. Blinds are beneficial in any room of the house because they prevent dust from entering the room, help control heat, and magnify or tone down sunlight depending on your needs. The range of Roller Blinds for Sale Wellington available in the market is extensive so you can select the one that fit you the best. The various types of blinds are panel blinds, conservatory blinds, Venetian blinds, roman blinds, blackout blinds, and much more. Simple and plain blinds can often be used in rooms that are not frequently used such store rooms.

Blinds is also available in two kinds - one the manual blinds and motorized blinds though obviously the motorized ones are on the expensive side. There are various colour options too so you can select shades that match the decor of the rooms - anything from bright colours such as purple, red, orange or the more sedate shade such as blue, green or neutral colours such as cream and beige. The roller is also available in the black shade which is used for rooms that require complete privacy. Some rollers also come with sunscreen option so you could enjoy the outside view and still maintain your privacy. Apart from being easy to use blind is also great heat insulators that block heat and humidity and support keep room temperatures of the rooms cool. The roller is also lightweight so is easy to extract and install them with ease and most roller blinds are moderately priced so they are cost effective without burning a hole in the pocket and yet serve beauty and privacy to your home.

Roller Blind decorating points:

To have Your Own Custom Made Roller Blinds

If you are tired of your old roller blinds but do not have sufficient money to purchase ones, you may simply decorate your roller blinds and make them look stylish and brand new. When remodeling a house, people usually pay attention to replacing the shade of the walls or rearranging the furniture, fully neglecting the look of their windows. However, simply think of how several times during the day you look out the window and you would get the idea why changing your window treatments may be an essential part of a remodeling project within your home. Now, if you are pleased along with the blind you already have, but simply like to refresh their look, there are a few things you could do to redecorate your roller blinds.

Fabric to Fabric Decoration

The first option in decorating your roller blinds is through attaching a piece of fabric onto its surface. The procedure is pretty easy. You will require measuring the blind in order of determining the size of the fabric you would be later gluing onto the blind. The fabric must be some inches wider on all sides than the blind, not only to less the chance for measurement error but to also ease the gluing process. Now select the fabric. You may opt for few natural or synthetic materials, single-coloured or patterned, it is completely up to you. However, better opt for some light materials such as cotton rather than heavy ones such as wool or velvet, so these may affect your blinds functionality.

The next step includes sticking the fabric onto the blinds. Use spray glue or glue gun to apply the glue evenly around the blind surface. Start attaching the fabric from top to bottom, ensuring that there are no creases or bubbles. When you are done you might wrap the addition fabric around the blind and glue it on the back or simply cut it off. When your redecorated roller blinds have dried, it is time to add the finish. To properly seal the blind, add little white glue over the fabric which would protect it from fraying. If you do not plan on rolling the blind up and down too always a matte sealant along with the edges would do the trick. After everything has completely dried, your roller blinds are ready to go back up.

Paint Roller Blinds Decoration

Now, if you have few spare times on your hands, you can make the things even more interesting through adding some color to your blind. Not to worry, since this is simple but involves a bit more creativity and imagination. Prepare some water, some fabric paint and a few sponges for more simple shapes, use regular sponges (square, circle) but if you would like to take your roller blinds decoration a step further, buy some sponges in various shapes such as flowers, animals, fruits or simply make some on your own. You can probably do this while the roller blinds Melbourne are still hanging, but we would advise you take it down to make your work smoother. Dip the sponge into few previously determined colours and swiftly press it onto the blind surface. Ensure you apply sufficient colour since you do not want your bunny shape to turn into nothing more than a smudge. Repeat the steps as many as time you like, changing the colours and shapes and leave to dry.

For More Info:-

Sunscreen Blinds Wellington

Roller Blinds Wellington

[jennystevensstuff]

Smoke Extraction Motors Market Analysis, Growth Opportunities, Latest Trends and Forecast to 2027

The global Smoke Extraction Motors Market report contains overall the details analysis based on few parameters like drivers, restraints, competitive analysis, latest trends and opportunities, geographical outlook, and competitive panel for the forecast timespan of 2021 to 2027. Therefore, these written statements reflect the overall market conditions and various other factors that are associated with the market that will definitely guide concerned parties in making a strategic decision.

The research report also covers the comprehensive profiles of the key players in the market and an in-depth view of the competitive landscape worldwide. The major players in the smoke extraction motors market include WEG Motors, TECO, Siemens, ABB, Regal Beloit Corporation, Tatung, Wolong, Leroy-Somer, VEM Group, ATB, Havells, Dalian Electric Motor. This section consists of a holistic view of the competitive landscape that includes various strategic developments such as key mergers & acquisitions, future capacities, partnerships, financial overviews, collaborations, new product developments, new product launches, and other developments.

Get more information on "Global Smoke Extraction Motors Market Research Report" by requesting FREE Sample Copy at https://www.valuemarketresearch.com/contact/smoke-extraction-motors-market/download-sample

[leebird-simmer]

Psychomotor Stimulants: Cocaine

Cocaine and amphetamines belong to a class of drugs called psychomotor stimulants, which increase motor behavior, elevate a person’s mood, increase alertness and arousal, and cause behavioral excitement.

Cocaine: Background & History

- Cocaine is an alkaloid found in the leaves of the shrub Erythroxylon coca.

- It is native to South America and is cultivated in the northern and central Andes Mountains.

- The practice of chewing coca leaves began as early as 5000 years ago.

Map of principal coca-growing regions of South America

Bolivian miners chewing coca

- Cocaine was first isolated (extracted from coca leaves) in 1859 by German chemist Albert Niemann.

- Cocaine use became popular as many doctors and scientists lauded its properties.

- Sigmund Freud, who used the drug himself, was the first to broadly promote cocaine as a tonic to cure depression and sexual impotence. He declared that it was non-addictive.

- Cocaine also become popular in the USA and was used in many medications.

- In 1886, Coca-Cola was introduced, containing caffeine and cocaine. It was marketed as an alternative to alcohol as the temperance movement gained strength.

- Public pressure forced the Coca-Cola company to remove cocaine from the soft drink in 1903.

- Cocaine abuse became widespread. President Taft declared it to be “public enemy number one” in 1910.

- The 1914 Harrison Narcotic Act prohibited inclusion of cocaine (and opium) in over-the-counter medicines and specified other restrictions on import and sale.

- Today cocaine is a Schedule II drug.

- In the 1970s, cocaine use by snorting or IV injection increased. It emerged as the fashionable new drug for entertainers and business people.

- In the 1980s, smoking crack cocaine has driven a new epidemic of cocaine use.

- After cannabis, cocaine is the most frequently used (illegal) drug on a global scale.

Preparation of Cocaine

- The cocaine alkaloid is extracted from coca leaves and then converted to a hydrochloride (HCl) salt and crystallized.

- Cocaine HCl is water-soluble and thus can be taken orally, intranasally (snorting), or by IV injection.

- It is not heat-stable, and cannot be smoked.

(left) prepared cocaine; (right) coca plant

- Cocaine HCl can be transformed into cocaine freebase.

- Freebase cocaine is “freed” from its natural salt.

- Crack cocaine is a lower quality freebase AKA less pure. The dried, hardened chunks make popping sounds when heated (which is why they call it “rock”).

- Freebase and crack can be vaporized through heating; those vapors are then inhaled.

- The term freebasing refers to smoking cocaine.

- Because the effects occur much faster, it’s more addictive.

- Crack can damage the lungs.

Pharmokinetics of Cocaine: Absorption

- Extremely rapid absorption occurs with IV injection and smoking (peak in seconds to minutes)

- Absorption is slower with snorting and oral use (peak in 30-60 minutes)

Pharmokinetics of Cocaine: Distribution

- Cocaine is sufficiently lipophilic (fat-soluble) that it passes readily through the blood-brain barrier.

- Rapid entry into the brain is believed to be an important factor in the strong addictive properties of crack cocaine.

Pharmokinetics of Cocaine: Metabolism

- Cocaine is broken down by enzymes in the blood and liver and is rapidly eliminated, with a half-life ranging from 0.5 to 1.5 hours.

- The “high��� lasts only about 30 minutes.

- Breakdown products persist and can be detected in the urine for several days.

Pharmacodynamics: Behavioral Effects of Cocaine

- Typical aspects of the cocaine “high” are feelings of exhilaration and euphoria, a sense of well-being, enhanced alertness, heightened energy, and great self-confidence.

- Increased sociability and talkativeness

- Heightened sexual interest and performance

{note: if you have a penis, cocaine is very likely to make it flaccid, regardless of how psychologically ready you are for sex. so...keep that in mind.}

- Anger (increased aggression may contribute to the street violence associated with cocaine use)

- Appetite suppression (anorexia)

- Insomnia

- Severe effects are most likely with high dosages, particularly in chronic users:

Hostility

Extreme violence

Incoherent speech

Paranoia

Restlessness

Tactile hallucinations (”coke bugs”)

Mechanisms of Cocaine Action: Monoamine transporters

- Most of cocaine’s actions can be explained by its ability to block reuptake of three transmitters: dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.

- These transmitters are cleared from the synaptic cleft by membrane transporters. Cocaine binds to the transporters and inhibits their function.

- Inhibition of the transporters leads to increased neurotransmitter levels in the synaptic cleft and a corresponding increase in transmission at the affected synapses.

- Cocaine binds most strongly (with highest affinity) to the serotonin transporter --> the dopamine transporter --> the norepinephrine transporter

- Blocking dopamine reuptake appears to be most important for cocaine’s stimulating, reinforcing, and addictive properties.

Mechanisms of Cocaine Action: The Reward System

- Nucleus accumbens dopamine has been implicated in cocaine reward using paradigms that test for drug-seeking behavior as a model of relapse. (VTA --> NAcc)

- Reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior in previously extinguished rats can be stimulated by microinjection of dopamine receptor agonists directly into the nucleus accumbens.

Pharmacodynamics: Physiological Effects of Cocaine

Local anesthesia

At high concentrations, cocaine inhibits voltage-gated Na+ channels in axons, blocking nerve conduction.

When applied locally, it acts as a local anesthetic by preventing transmission of signals along sensory nerves.

Cocaine is used by health care professionals to temporarily numb the lining of the mouth, nose, and throat (mucous membranes) before minor surgeries, biopsies, etc.

Other, non-addictive, local anesthetics - procaine (Novocain) and lidocaine (Xylocaine) - were developed from cocaine.

Sympathomimetic effects

- Cocaine is sympathomimetic; it produces symptoms of sympathetic nervous system activation: increased heart rate, vasoconstriction, hypertension, hyperthermia

- At low doses, these changes are usually not harmful to the individual. High doses, however, can be toxic or even fatal.

Overdose

- Can result from sniffing, inhaling, IV injection, etc.

- Disturbance of the heart and blood vessel system, resulting in...

high blood pressure

stroke

heart attack

- Increased core temperature

- Renal failure

- Psychosis, agitation

- Repeated convulsions, which can happen in such quick succession that consciousness cannot be restored.

Treatments

There is no specific pharmacological antidote for cocaine overdose, but strategies include:

Benzodiazepines, to reduce agitation and produce relaxation

Nitroglycerin or beta-blockers, to reduce blood pressure and relieve chest pain

Anti-psychotics

Cooling with a fan or water misting

Long-term health effects of cocaine

- Snorting cocaine:

Lost sense of smell

Nosebleeds

Chronically inflamed, runny nose

Damage to the walls of the nasal cavity

- Smoking crack

Lung damage

Worsening of asthma

- Cocaine reduces blood flow in the gastrointestinal tract, which can lead to tears and ulcerations.

- Many chronic cocaine users lose their appetite and experience significant weight loss and malnourishment.

- Toxic effects on the heart and cardiovascular system

- Increased risk of stroke

Drug Interactions

Alcohol or other depressants are sometimes taken along with cocaine to “take the edge off” the extreme arousal produced by cocaine.

- Cocaine when mixed with alcohol produces a unique metabolite called cocaethylene, which has activity similar to cocaine, but has a longer half-life.

- “Speedball” = mixture of cocaine and heroin

Aim is to increase “rush” and reduce negative effects

Danger of delayed opioid overdose

Danger of stroke and heart attack

Chronic Cocaine Exposure

- Most individuals who try cocaine do not progress to a pattern of abuse or dependence.

- About 10-15% of initial users develop a habit.

- People usually start cocaine by snorting. Some people have a strong anxiety response and do not try it again.

- Other factors that discourage habitual use include cost and availability, social and legal consequences, fear of addiction

{note: I have tried coke that was $40 a gram and coke that was $120 a gram and coke that was somewhere in between. Cheap, stepped-on coke made me feel tired and nauseous. Expensive, fish-scale coke was pleasant, but not quite euphoric. The anxiety usually happened at price points in the middle. Typically I would do one, maybe two lines over the course of the evening. I have not had coke in many years and would not care to try it again; the risks heavily outweigh the rewards, in my mind.}

- The stimulating, euphoric, and confidence-enhancing effects are powerful reinforcers in the early stages.

- Crack smoking or IV injection have greater abuse potential.

- Some individuals develop a pattern of cocaine binges, episodic bouts of repeated use lasting hours to days with little or no sleep. Afterwards, an abstinence syndrome occurs.

- Chronic exposure to psychostimulants can lead to tolerance (pharmacodynamics and behavioral).

- In humans, cocaine’s euphoric effects tend to show tolerance, which would contribute to increased drug-taking in an attempt to recapture the level of pleasure experienced during earlier episodes of use.

- The reverse effect, sensitization, is also seen. Just a few exposures to cocaine or amphetamine can produce an increased responsiveness that lasts for weeks, months, or even up to a year.

- Continuous cocaine infusion into rats causes tolerance to the locomotor-stimulating effect; once-daily injections lead to behavioral sensitization, shown by enhanced stereotyped behaviors.

- Although cocaine withdrawal is rarely serious, it produces a number of very unpleasant side effects. Symptoms generally only last for about a week or two and may include the following:

depression

fatigue

exhaustion

increased appetite

unpleasant dreams

difficulty concentrating

intense craving for cocaine

Treatment of Cocaine Use Disorder

- Presently there are no FDA-approved medications to treat cocaine addiction.

- Consequently, National Institute for Drug Abuse (NIDA) is working aggressively to identify and test new medications to treat cocaine addiction safely and effectively.

- While many have shown effectiveness in animal models, none are currently licensed for medical use due to unacceptable side effects and/or lack of therapeutic efficacy.

Search for New Therapeutics

- Various dopaminergic drugs, including receptor agonists, antagonists, and uptake inhibitors are being studied.

- Several compounds that compete with cocaine for access to the dopamine transporter show promise.

- Other drugs being studied target other neurotransmitters, including serotonin.

Repurposing Existing Drugs

- Modafinil: narcolepsy drug that acts as a selective (and weak) dopamine reuptake inhibitor

- Disulfiram (Antabuse) has produced the most consistent reductions in cocaine abuse:

popular drug for treating alcoholism

produces unpleasant symptoms after taking cocaine, such as anxiety

Scientists do not yet know exactly how disulfiram reduces cocaine use, though its effects may be related to its ability to inhibit an enzyme that converts dopamine to norephinephrine.

Behavioral and Psychosocial Therapies

- Typically conducted as outpatient programs

- Psychosocial treatment programs involve individual, group, or family counseling designed to educate the user, promote behavioral change, and alleviate problems caused by cocaine abuse.

- Twelve-step programs such as Narcotics Anonymous or Cocaine Anonymous are also available.

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A kitchen hood, also known as a range hood or exhaust hood, is a device installed over a stove or cooktop to extract and remove airborne contaminants, smoke, steam, and odors generated during cooking. It consists of a canopy or hood that captures contaminants, a fan that creates airflow, and a filtration system that removes particles and filters grease.

Here are some key features and functions of kitchen hoods:

1. Extraction: The primary function of a kitchen hood is to extract fumes, steam, grease, and other airborne particles produced during cooking. It helps maintain good indoor air quality and prevents the build-up of odors and pollutants in the kitchen.

2. Ventilation: The hood is connected to the ductwork that channels the exhaust air to the outside of the room or building. The ventilation system helps remove pollutants from the kitchen and prevent them from spreading to other areas.

3. Filtering: Kitchen hoods often incorporate filters to capture and remove grease, smoke, and other particles. Various types of filters are used, including mesh filters, baffle filters, and charcoal filters. These filters require periodic cleaning or replacement to maintain their effectiveness.

4. Lighting: Many kitchen hoods are equipped with built-in lighting to illuminate the cooking area. It helps improve visibility while cooking and enhances the overall ambiance of the kitchen.

5. Noise reduction: Kitchen hoods often have noise-reduction features to reduce the noise produced by fans and motors. This ensures a quiet cooking environment.

6. Style and design: Kitchen hoods come in various designs, sizes, and finishes to complement the kitchen decor. They can be wall-mounted, ceiling-mounted, or built into cabinetry, providing both functionality and aesthetic appeal.

When choosing a kitchen hood, it is essential to consider factors such as the size of the cooking area, cooking habits, the level of ventilation required, and the space available for installation. Additionally, proper installation, regular cleaning, and maintenance are crucial to ensure optimum performance and longevity of the kitchen hood.

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Global Smoke Extraction Motors Market 2019 | Manufacturers In-Depth Analysis Report to 2024

The latest trending report Global Smoke Extraction Motors Market 2019-2024 added by DecisionDatabases.com

Smoke Extraction Motors are developed for the areas with smoke control systems. In an unlikely event of Fire, fans fitted with these motors reduce the heat loading on the building and keep access / escape routes smoke – free. Along with fans, motors are required to sustain this high temperature.

The worldwide market for Smoke Extraction Motors is expected to grow at a CAGR of roughly 4.1% over the next five years, will reach 610 million US$ in 2024, from 480 million US$ in 2019.

This report focuses on the Smoke Extraction Motors in global market, especially in North America, Europe and Asia-Pacific, South America, Middle East and Africa. This report categorizes the market based on manufacturers, regions, type and application.

Browse the complete report and table of contents @ http://www.decisiondatabases.com/ip/28670-smoke-extraction-motors-market-analysis-report

Market Segment by Manufacturers, this report covers

 WEG Motors

 TECO

 Siemens

 ABB

 Regal Beloit Corporation

 Tatung

 Wolong

 Leroy-Somer

 VEM Group

 ATB

 Havells

 Dalian Electric Motor0

Market Segment by Regions, regional analysis covers

 North America (United States, Canada and     Mexico)

 Europe (Germany, France, UK, Russia and     Italy)

 Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, Korea, India     and Southeast Asia)

 South America (Brazil, Argentina,     Colombia etc.)

 Middle East and Africa (Saudi Arabia,     UAE, Egypt, Nigeria and South Africa)

Market Segment by Type, covers

 200 °C Class

 250 °C Class

 300 °C Class

 400 °C Class

Market Segment by Applications, can be divided into

 Commercial Area

 Industries Area

 Other

Download Free Sample Report of Global Smoke Extraction Motors Market @ http://www.decisiondatabases.com/contact/download-sample-28670

The content of the study subjects, includes a total of 15 chapters: Chapter 1, to describe Smoke Extraction Motors product scope, market overview, market opportunities, market driving force and market risks. Chapter 2, to profile the top manufacturers of Smoke Extraction Motors, with price, sales, revenue and global market share of Smoke Extraction Motors in 2017 and 2018. Chapter 3, the Smoke Extraction Motors competitive situation, sales, revenue and global market share of top manufacturers are analyzed emphatically by landscape contrast. Chapter 4, the Smoke Extraction Motors breakdown data are shown at the regional level, to show the sales, revenue and growth by regions, from 2014 to 2019. Chapter 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, to break the sales data at the country level, with sales, revenue and market share for key countries in the world, from 2014 to 2019. Chapter 10 and 11, to segment the sales by type and application, with sales market share and growth rate by type, application, from 2014 to 2019. Chapter 12, Smoke Extraction Motors market forecast, by regions, type and application, with sales and revenue, from 2019 to 2024. Chapter 13, 14 and 15, to describe Smoke Extraction Motors sales channel, distributors, customers, research findings and conclusion, appendix and data source.

Purchase the complete Global Smoke Extraction Motors Market Research Report @ http://www.decisiondatabases.com/contact/buy-now-28670

Other Reports by DecisionDatabases.com:

Global Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) Market by Manufacturers, Countries, Type and Application, Forecast to 2023 @ http://www.decisiondatabases.com/ip/20491-accelerated-solvent-extraction-ase-market-analysis-report

Global Solder Fume Extraction Market by Manufacturers, Countries, Type and Application, Forecast to 2022 @ http://www.decisiondatabases.com/ip/22297-solder-fume-extraction-market-analysis-report

Global Solid Phase Extraction (SPE) Consumables Market by Manufacturers, Regions, Type and Application, Forecast to 2021 @ http://www.decisiondatabases.com/ip/14498-solid-phase-extraction-spe-consumables-market-analysis-report

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