#Serbian History

[soulrestinginstpetersburg]

"Repent" written on an icon in a Serbian Orthodox church

[valkyries-things]

VERA KURTIĆ // ACTIVIST

"She is a Romani feminist activist and writer from Serbia, She is the author of the book Diuvljarke: Roma Lesbian Existence, which is the first book to discuss non-heteronormative Roma women's sexuality. Her activism includes campaigning for the Roma community, LGBTQI rights, women's rights and animal rights; some of this work also includes gender awareness training and veganism. She founded the Roma Women's Network of Serbia and instigated more informal LGBT Roma community organisation. She also established the Campaign Month of Roma Women Activism. She is author of the book Duvljarke: Roma Lesbian Existence (2013) which discusses the discrimination that Roma lesbians face. It is the first book to discuss non-heteronormative Roman women's sexuality."

[artifacts-and-arthropods]

Milunka Savić, the Most Decorated Female Combatant in History: Savić disguised herself as a man in order to join the Serbian army during the Balkan Wars, then served again during WWI, earning medals from Serbia, France, Russia & Britain; she also provided medical support to anti-fascists during WWII and spent 10 months in a Nazi concentration camp

This is a total rewrite of a post that I did last year, with much more detailed information, more photos, and some additional sources.

Milunka Savić is regarded as the most decorated female combatant in history. She fought for the Serbian Army during both of the Balkan Wars, before returning to the battlefield again during WWI. Savić was wounded in battle on 9 separate occasions and survived the Serbian Great Retreat, making the perilous journey across the mountains of Montenegro and Albania through the dead of winter with a serious head injury.

Her military career began during the First Balkan War in 1912, when her younger brother was called up to serve in the Serbian army, and she decided that she would covertly take his place. She cut her hair, wore men's clothing, and presented herself as her brother.

The First Balkan War, 1912: Milunka Savić as a young soldier during the First Balkan War, shortly after joining the Serbian army

She was able to hide her true identity for quite some time. Her skills as a soldier quickly became evident as the war progressed, and she earned her first medal/promotion during the Battle of Bregalnica in 1913. Unfortunately, she was hit by shrapnel from a Bulgarian grenade during her tenth deployment, causing injuries to her chest and abdomen, and those wounds (along with the subsequent medical treatment) ultimately led to the discovery that she had lied about her identity.

In recognition of her accomplishments on the battlefield, her commanding officer decided not to punish her for the initial deception, but informed her that she would not be allowed to return to combat -- as a woman, she could only be transferred to the nursing division instead.

As the story goes:

Savić was called before her commanding officer. They didn't want to punish her, because she had proven a valuable and highly competent soldier, and the military deployment that had resulted in her [sex] being revealed had been her tenth; but neither was it suitable for a young woman to serve in combat. She was offered a transfer to the Nursing division. Savić stood at attention and insisted that she only wanted to fight for her country as a combatant.

The officer said he'd think it over and give her his answer the next day. Still standing at attention, Savić responded, "I will wait." It is said he only made her stand an hour before agreeing to send her back to the infantry.

Savić was able to serve in a combat role throughout the remainder of the Balkan Wars.

The Second Balkan War finally came to an end in 1913, but that peace was short-lived, as World War I erupted just a year later. Savić returned to the military once more, serving in the elite "Iron Regiment" of the Serbian army.

World War I, c.1915-1916: Savić was no longer forced to hide her identity when she returned to battle during WWI, and these images show her posing in uniform with her hair grown out

Savić received the Serbian Kara��orđe Star with Swords medal on two separate occasions during WWI; the second medal was given to her after the Battle of Crna Bend in 1916, where she was credited with single-handedly capturing 23 Bulgarian soldiers. She received several other medals throughout the course of her career, including the French Legion of Honor (twice), the French Croix de Guerre, the Russian Cross of St. George, the British Medal of the Most Distinguished Order of St. Michael, and the Serbian Miloš Obilić.

WWI, c.1915-1916: Milunka Savić as a Corporal in the Iron Regiment

She suffered a serious head injury while fighting along the Macedonian front, and she was still gravely wounded when Austro-Hungarian, German, and Bulgarian forces gained control of Serbia in the winter of 1915. The Serbian army was then ordered to make a full retreat from Serbia; Savić and her fellow soldiers, along with the Serbian government and more than 200,000 civilians, were all forced to flee through the mountains of Montenegro and Albania in the dead of winter, hoping to reach Allied forces along the Adriatic Coast -- a perilous journey that would later be known as the Serbian Great Retreat (or the Albanian Golgotha). Roughly 400,000 people embarked on this journey, and less than 180,000 of them survived, eventually reaching the Allied ships along the Adriatic coast.

Despite her injuries, Milunka Savić was among the survivors. She was sent to an infirmary, where she spent several months recovering from her injuries, before she returned to the battlefield alongside Allied forces.

At the end of the war, the French government offered to provide Savić with a full pension and living accommodations in France, in recognition of her actions while serving alongside the French military during WWI. She ultimately declined the offer and chose to retire back in Serbia instead, where she and her husband settled down to raise their daughter and three other girls that Milunka had adopted. The couple would later separate, however, and Milunka was left to raise her children as a single mother, working at a local bank to make ends meet.

In 1941, Serbia (which was then part of Yugoslavia) fell under Nazi occupation. During this period, Savić was involved in providing medical support to local partisans and anti-fascists who had resisted the Nazi occupation. She was eventually arrested by German officers; there are differing accounts of the events leading up to her arrest, with some sources suggesting that she was arrested as a result of her involvement with the local partisans and other anti-fascist elements, while other sources claim that she was arrested after she offended several Nazi officials by openly refusing to attend a formal banquet that was being held in honor of the German military campaign. In any case, she was imprisoned at the infamous Baljinca Concentration Camp for ten months before finally being released.

She faced other forms of hardship in the aftermath of WWII, as she struggled to support herself and her children. She worked several low-paying jobs over the years, while living in a dilapidated, decaying house in Belgrade. Her name (and her long list of accomplishments) had largely faded into obscurity by then.

Serbia, 1972: Milunka Savić proudly displaying some of her medals in 1972, when her story became more widely known

It wasn't until the early 1970s that her involvement with the military finally began to receive more widespread attention, both in Serbia and abroad. Following the 1972 publication of an article that told her story, her local community in Belgrade quickly rallied to provide her with newer, more suitable living arrangements.

Sadly, she passed away within just a year of the article's publication.

In 2013, Milunka Savić's remains were relocated from the small mausoleum where they had been interred since 1973, and she was reburied in Belgrade's "Alley of the Greats," where some of the most well-known and most widely respected Serbians are laid to rest.

Sources & More Info:

Research Gate: Milunka Savić: the Forgotten Heroine of Serbia

Girl Museum: Milunka Savić

Law and Politics: The Position of Women in the Serbian Army

Medium: The Fearless Woman-Bomber Who Died Proud, Broke, and Forgotten

Wikipedia: Milunka Savić

Mental Floss: The Serbian "Great Retreat" Begins (WWI Centennial)

[uniquekindoftrash]

golden ring of queen Teodora found in 1915. in Banjska Monastery

today it is kept in collection of National Museum in Belgrade

[profesors]

▪️A Serbian lady dressed in serbian traditional city clothes 🇷🇸

▪️Mina Karadzitsh(srb. Мина Караџић/lat. Mina Karadžić) Serbian painter and writer

▪️Time: 1847

Author: Deker Gabriel

[easterneuropeancrafts]

(1) 'Servian [Serbian] maisypop' (handwritten caption).

(2) 'Boza (maize drink) vendor/ Belgrade' (handwritten caption).

April 1910. Belgrade, Serbia.

Prints from the collection of Nevill Forbes. Pitt Rivers Museum.

[zlatnoruno]

Краљица Марија на насловној страни часописа „Жена и свет“ из фебруара 1928.

[nonsenseforeveryday]

Medieval royal Serbian wear

[4eternal-life]

Veljko Lalić: Peti oktobar je bio revolucija

[soulrestinginstpetersburg]

Monastery Hercegovačka Gračanoca in Trebinje, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. The last picture is where the famous serbian poet, Jovan Dučić, who was also born in Trebinje, was burried in 1943.

[cuthian]

Hey everyone

Anyone here with some knowledge of Serbian History and/or medals that were awarded in the nineteenth century?

My great-great-great-something grandfather received a medal, but we can’t find anything about why he should’ve received it or why he would’ve been there at all. I can’t find where I should be looking — I also don’t speak Serbian, which makes it more difficult.

Anyone have any clue where to look?

[lightdancer1]

Finished the first of three short books today:

This one and the second one are two parallel histories of two of the major 'Yugoslav' nations. In those two books there are some very useful compare/contrasts that start with the most obvious point. Serbia is a product of the Cyrillic-Orthodox world of Eastern Christianity, Croatia is a part of Latin Roman script Western Christianity.

However past that the Serbs have a very Russian mentality of being predisposed to empire, a very un-Russian attitude of being resigned to brief success and catastrophic failure, and because internalizing these motifs tends to make them real, one can ungenerously summarize the history of Serbia and of the various attempts by Serbian leaders at nation and state building accordingly.

8/10.

[uniquekindoftrash]

Васкрсење Христово, фреска Високи Дечани

Resurrection of Christ, fresco Visoki Dečani

Христос Васкрсе! Χριστός ἀνέστη!

[profesors]

◾Pirot Fortress or Momchilov grad, Southeastern Serbia 🇷🇸

[soulrestinginstpetersburg]

Ah Belgrade my beloved. I miss you with all my heart.

eastern gate of belgrade

[pilferingapples]

new Les Mis spinoff novel "Theodule Does Nothing" , just following around Marius' cousin while he buys some moustache wax, gets his uniform repaired, flirts in the least intrusive way possible , and has a nap

meanwhile 19C France happens in the background but he's not really involved in all that. There's a missing button on his uniform!