#Radiation Processing

[creativeera]

Food Irradiation: An Effective Technique To Improve Food Safety

What is Food Irradiation?

It is a technique where foods are exposed to ionizing radiation to destroy microorganisms, bacteria, viruses, or insects that might be present in or on the food. The technique uses gamma rays (from cobalt-60 or cesium-137), X-rays, or electron beams from a machine source to blast foods with ionizing energy, altering their molecular structure. History

The concept of food irradiation was first researched as early as the beginning of the 20th century. However, it gained global recognition around the 1950s when serious research was performed to establish its viability and commercial applications. Initial research showed irradiation could effectively eliminate bacteria from meats and spices without changing their visual appearance and quality. The first international conference on food irradiation took place in 1956. Since then, many countries approved irradiation of various food items like spices, herbs, onions, potatoes, fruits, and meats. How Does Irradiation Work? Here's a brief overview of how irradiation works: - Radiation sources like gamma rays or electron beams are used to generate the required radiation energy. - Food Irradiation Food items are placed on a conveyor belt or rack and passed through the radiation area at a controlled dose rate and exposure time. - The radiation energy penetrates through packaging and food physically altering DNA/RNA structures of microbes present. - At approved low doses, it does not make food radioactive but disrupts cellular functions and DNA/RNA structure of pathogens and insects, preventing their reproduction. - The end result is elimination or reduction of pathogens and insects without altering the visual or sensory qualities of foods. Advantages of Food Irradiation Reduces Foodborne Illnesses: Irradiation is extremely effective in eliminating pathogens that cause serious foodborne illnesses. It can destroy bacteria like E. coli, Listeria, Salmonella and other parasites in meat, poultry, seafood and spices. This significantly improves food safety. Lengthens Shelf Life: By halting microbial growth and arresting ripening/sprouting processes, irradiation extends the refrigerated shelf life of various produce and foods by several weeks. This reduces spoilage losses during storage and transportation. Controls Insect Infestation: Low dose irradiation is approved globally to control insect pests in grains, cereals, dried fruits and herbs. This eliminates quarantine issues and reduces post-harvest losses from insects and insect-borne diseases. Maintains Sensory Qualities: When performed at approved low doses, irradiation does not alter the appearance, texture, aroma or flavor of foods. Irradiated fruits and vegetables look and taste fresh for much longer. Sanitizes Spices: Many spices are irradiated to kill Salmonella, E. coli and other pathogens that may be present naturally or from cross-contamination during processing. This eliminates food safety risks from consuming contaminated spices. Applications of Food Irradiation Fruits & Vegetables: Irradiation preserves the quality and extends shelf life of several delicate produce including mangoes, papayas, potatoes, onions and garlic by 3-4 weeks. It arrests ripening/sprouting to prevent losses during storage and transport. Poultry: The poultry industry uses irradiation to destroy Campylobacter and Salmonella bacteria routinely present in raw chicken and turkey. This significantly reduces the risk of foodborne illnesses from consuming undercooked poultry meat. Spices: Many commonly used herbs and spices like black pepper, cumin, coriander, basil, celery are irradiated to kill pathogens and insects. It ensures the microbial safety of spices. Grains: Low dose irradiation is used globally to control insect pests in grains like wheat, rice and pulses. This eliminates quarantine issues and reduces post-harvest losses during transportation and storage.

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Vaagisha brings over three years of expertise as a content editor in the market research domain. Originally a creative writer, she discovered her passion for editing, combining her flair for writing with a meticulous eye for detail. Her ability to craft and refine compelling content makes her an invaluable asset in delivering polished and engaging write-ups.

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[intermundia]

Giant volcanoes on Mars dwarf anything seen on Earth, one so wide it would cover the length of Nevada, and one so tall it reaches over twice the height of Mount Everest. It’s the largest volcano in the solar system.

Lava once flowed from these giants, spilling across the land in all directions, so much molten rock that the combined mass tipped the planet over on its axis, by about 20 degrees.

Four-and-a-half-billion years ago, with the rest of the solar system, Mars formed from the collapse of a cloud of gas and dust being smashed together, under the force of its own gravity.

Much of the energy that went into these collisions turned into heat, trapped inside, driving volcanism on a staggering scale.

It really is just incredible that all of this heat that powered these volcanoes can be traced back four-and-a-half-billion years ago, to the formation of the planet.

Solar System: Volcano Worlds on NOVA

[solradguy]

Back in 2005 east coast USA Guilty Gear fans had unimaginable beef with west coast GG fans. This was because a large majority of scans, translations, and guides were written by east coast fans and the west coast fans would always repost them without credit. They were also a little jaded that the west coast would get all the cool official tournaments/conventions while the east coast got lake effect snow

However, the beef was one-sided because the west coast fans seemingly did not notice how mad the east coast fans were because neither side ventured out of their very small niche forums that always died after 3 years

Then there were the humble Alaskans putting the first rips of PS2 Guilty Gear game assets online by plugging their Playstations directly into their Macs and pulling off some crazy wizard shit

[pwurrz]

i was. expecting more tbh because i’m greedy like that but i’ll take literally whatever i can get

and apparently, eiden thinks they’re the cooking dream team. the food the two of them make together could be so good eiden wouldn’t be surprised if people came all the way from the water territory to try some. very high praise!!!

[bucket-puns]

Old limbus women but one of them is my OC LMAOOOO

[epherwillc]

so i was starting up a new save of new vegas (as one does) and had just gotten to the part where you bring the townsfolk together. so i was heading outside and pulling up my map when i noticed one of the quest markers in black mountain

“huh,” i think to myself. “that’s new”

so i wait

and i wait some more

and the quest counter is near enough to goodsprings that i can walk over to it

(which i do)

and lo and behold

it was easy pete

[materialsscienceandengineering]

Unlocking the secrets of diamond: New insights into nitrogen-vacancy center formation

Research teams from Wuhan University and the China University of Geosciences (Wuhan) have revealed new insights into the formation mechanism of nitrogen-vacancies (NV) centers in type-Ib diamonds, a phenomenon critical to quantum sensing and computing advancements. Using a novel irradiation and annealing method, the teams demonstrated how controlled temperature and orientation can significantly increase the density and depth of NV centers, paving the way for new applications in biological imaging and quantum technologies. The work is published in the journal Materials Futures. This study not only advances our understanding of diamond materials, but it also opens up new possibilities for using their unique properties in cutting-edge scientific and technological applications. As diamonds continue to shine in the field of materials science, this study represents a significant step toward realizing their full potential.

Read more.

[quotelr]

When listening to the lightning storms in your area on a standard AM radio, you will hear a sound like bacon frying and this is the electromagnetic energy that the storm is generating. Plants react to this energy and may show vigorous growth during lightning seasons.

Steven Magee, Electrical Forensics

[iobartach]

[ratatatastic]

roddy finally his achieving his ultimate honourary finn dream is not something i expected to walk into today but there have been stranger things

utter pure unbridled delight versus the ever dawning horror that he is in fact the father of that weird child and he doesnt know if he should be flattered or run for the hills patent pending give him a few seconds to catch up

[n4rval]

ough. toriel my beloved

[7-ratsinatrenchcoat]

this just in: i am, once again, crying over the chernobyl firefighters

[xoxoemynn]

The progression of targeted ads is wild.

I am (still) planning to paint my office and I think I landed on a color, but then I remembered I have this ugly radiator there and maybe I should paint that too while I'm at it.

So obviously first all my ads on social media were paint. Fine, I expected that. Don't even hate it because that's how I found the paint color in the first place.

Then it was these like...radiator covers? So I could just plop one over the ugly radiator and not have to deal with painting it? I mean I'll admit, I'm kind of dreading the thought of painting a radiator so they did tempt my lazy ass.

Then today I just got these trendy radiators that apparently can come in any color you can imagine.

My little FBI agent just keeps upping my home renovation project and I just need it to CHILL. Truly unless you are financing this project, please just back off and get back to showing me paint samples jfc.

[southernvampire]

I finally finished cyberpunk 2077 and a good chunk of it I've spent in a bad brain fog and not dealing with my health issues very well, so I didn't pay as close attention to some of the dialogue choices. I had no clue how important it was in the pistis sofia to tell Johnny if you would take a bullet for him or not. So I got V to tell him he would, and honestly it made sense for his mindset at the time.

(rambling under the read more because I have so many feelings)

But then V makes connections with more people and, most importantly, met Kerry, and that went out the window. Suddenly, he has friends, a found family, someone who loves him, even if it is still very early on. It gives V hope and a future to envision, a life worth living. But that also means going back on his word to Johnny.

It's interesting, the whole time in this playthrough, V and Johnny have never been on the same page about V's future. At first, Johnny wants V dead and V wants Johnny gone. Then, V learns how bad of a situation he's in, goes into a deep depression and is grieving for Jackie and now himself, and is just so tired. Maybe it would be better for Johnny to take his body. Yet Johnny is beginning to like V because despite what people have told V about Johnny, despite V seeing his memories and how shitty he could be first hand, he's still nice to him and cares about him. Johnny doesn't want that on his conscience, taking time and life from someone like that. As much as he is a gonk.

And then, in Mikoshi, Johnny still wants V to live, but damn is he hurt when V goes back on his word. Because even though he feels he doesn't deserve it, he wants a second chance. He doesn't want it necessarily at the expense of V's life, but V's already been soulkilled, and V had said he wanted Johnny to have his body. A man's word means a lot to Johnny and it feels like a betrayal when V goes back on his, no matter that Johnny's mind has been changed and that he wants V (well, V's construct, to be precise) to live out the rest of his life his way.

On the other hand, he understands that for once in his short but chaotic life, V found some happiness and he doesn't want to let that go so soon. Could you really blame him, jumping for a second chance like that even when the odds are against him? Johnny would be a hypocrite if he did.

It's like a dance between these two, both initially wanting their own lives and hating each other, to becoming closer than they'd been with anyone else and practically begging each other to take V's body and live. When he chooses himself at the very last minute, V breaks away from that dance and leaves Johnny wondering whatever happened to him wanting Johnny to have his second chance. It's the decision Johnny wanted him to make, the decision he had been hyping up this entire fucking time in hopes of changing V's mind, but damn does it feel like abandonment in its worst form now that V agrees with him.

Worst still, he doesn't hide his feelings. V knows Johnny well enough that he didn't have to be so obvious in his disappointment, but Johnny can't help it. But he won't say anything in his own defense either, doesn't want to put that extra amount of pain on the kid, because at the end of the day V doesn't deserve it. He didn't ask for any of this. That doesn't stop his disappointment from haunting V when he leaves Mikoshi.

It doesn't help that he feels he's disappointing Kerry in not spending enough time with him even though he's fighting to find a way to have more than 6 months with him. He's aware he might not make it back from the Crystal Palace and might be ruining their chance to have whatever time he has left to be with each other, but the chance to have a lifetime with the man he loves is impossible to ignore. He has to try or he'll hate himself for letting himself fade away.

"Never stop fighting," Johnny had said, and yet fighting for his life hurt the two most important people in his life.

[iliveinprocrasti-nationn]

realised the reason my heart issues freak me out is partly because unlike any of my pain it’s harder to just deal with it or find ways around it and also it could be a lot more dangerous than most of my other day to day medical stuff and also it was one of my cancer symptoms

[midnightactual]

shock and surprise Bleach is actually anti-nuclear propaganda designed to make the horror of nuclear weapons abundantly clear by showing how bad shōnen characters throwing the equivalent of 2000 lbs bombs and 16" battleship shells at one another is and having it all still pale in comparison to actual extant nuclear arsenals, as brought to you by a guy who was born at most 2 to 3 miles from the Atomic Bomb Dome in Hiroshima