#Poissy Church

[huariqueje]

L'Eglise de Poissy , Poissy Church   -   Bernard Lamotte

French , 1903-1983

Gouache on board , 30 × 24 in. 76.2 × 61 cm.

[postcard-from-the-past]

Church of Carrières-sous-Poissy, western suburbs of Paris

French vintage postcard

[muspeccoll]

#WordyWednesday

Illumination: The art of decorating books by hand, ranging from simple elaborations of letters with crosshatching to full-blown miniature landscapes drawn in the margins. Illumination is an art that was predominantly practiced in the Middle Ages, but it is still alive today. Medieval illuminators are (in)famous for their sense of whimsy and there are entire social media sites dedicated to ferreting out amusing illuminations of knights riding on snails, monkeys performing medical procedures, and cats engaging in household chores.

Image: Catholic Church. Processional (for the use of the Dominican sisters of St. Louis, Poissy). Paris: approximately 1510-1540. BX2032 .A2 1510z

(via Half bound — Italic · Rare Books: A Glossary · Special Collections and Archives)

[cruger2984]

THE DESCRIPTION OF SAINT LOUIS IX OF FRANCE Feast Day: August 25

Louis IX, who ruled France from 1226 to 1270, the most illustrious of the Direct Capetians, known as Louis the Saint and the only canonized king of France, was born in Poissy, near Paris, on April 25, 1214. His mother, Blanche of Castile, trained him to be a great leader and a good Christian.

She used to say: 'I love you my dear son, as much as a mother can love her child; but I would rather see you dead at my feet than that you should ever commit a mortal sin.'

During Louis' childhood, Blanche dealt with the opposition of rebellious vassals and secured Capetian success in the Albigensian Crusade, which had started 20 years earlier.

Made king of France when he was only 12 years old after the death of his father, Louis VIII (Louis the Lion), he revealed exceptional human and administrative qualities. Everything he did was for the glory of God and for the good of his people. On May 27, 1234, at 19, he married Margaret of Provence, who gave him eleven children.

He protected the poor, forbade usury, and was never heard to speak ill of anyone. He excelled in penance and had a great love for the Church. Louis was merciful even to rebels.

When he was urged to put to death a prince who had followed his father in rebellion, he refused saying: 'A son cannot refuse to obey his father.'

Louis used these anti-usery laws to extract funds from Jewish and Lombard moneylenders, with the hopes that it would help pay for a future crusade. Louis also oversaw the Disputation of Paris in 1240, in which Paris's Jewish leaders were imprisoned and forced to admit to 'anti-christian' passages in the Talmud, the major source of Jewish commentaries on the Bible and religious law.

In 1250, he headed a crusade into Egypt, but was taken prisoner. During his captivity, he recited the Divine Office every day. After his release against ransom, he visited the Holy Land before returning to France. In these deeds, Louis IX tried to fulfill what he considered the duty of France as 'the eldest daughter of the Church' (la fille aînée de l'Église), a tradition of protector of the Church going back to the Franks and Charlemagne, who had been crowned by Pope Leo III in Rome in 800. The kings of France were known in the Church by the title 'most Christian king' (Rex Christianissimus).

Louis embarked on another crusade, but got sick and died near Carthage in an epidemic of dysentery that swept through his army. Louis was 56 when he died in 1270.

In his spiritual testament, he wrote: 'My dearest son, you should permit yourself to be tormented by every kind of martyrdom before you would allow yourself to commit a mortal sin.'

He is honored as co-patron of the Third Order of St. Francis, which claims him as a member of the Order. When he became king, over a hundred poor people were served meals in his house on ordinary days. Often the king served these guests himself. His acts of charity, coupled with his devout religious practices, gave rise to the legend that he joined the Third Order of St. Francis, though it is unlikely that he ever actually joined the order.

[thepastisalreadywritten]

SAINT OF THE DAY (August 25)

Louis IX, commonly revered as Saint Louis, was born on 25 April 1215 at Poissy, near Paris, the son of Louis the Lion and Blanche of Castile.

He was baptized in La Collégiale Notre-Dame Church.

His grandfather on his father's side was Philip II, King of France. His grandfather on his mother's side was Alfonso VIII, King of Castile. 

Louis was taught in Latin, public speaking, writing, military arts, and government.

He was nine years old when his grandfather Philip II died, and his father became King Louis VIII.

Following the death of his father, Louis VIII, he was crowned in Reims at the age of 12.

His mother, Blanche of Castile, effectively ruled the kingdom as regent until he came of age and continued to serve as his trusted adviser until her death.

During his formative years, Blanche successfully confronted rebellious vassals and championed the Capetian cause in the Albigensian Crusade, which had been ongoing for the past two decades.

He led an exemplary life, bearing constantly in mind his mother's words:

"I would rather see you dead at my feet than guilty of a mortal sin."

He is widely recognized as the most distinguished of the Direct Capetians.

His biographers have written of the long hours he spent in prayer, fasting and penance without the knowlege of his people.

The French king was an avid lover of justice who took great measures to ensure that the process of arbitration was carried out properly.

All of 13th-century Christian Europe willingly looked upon him as an international judge.

He was renowned for his charity.

"The peace and blessings of the realm come to us through the poor," he would say.

Beggars were fed from his table. He ate their leavings, washed their feet, ministered to the wants of the lepers, and daily fed over one hundred poor.

He founded many hospitals and houses: the House of the Felles-Dieu for reformed prostitutes, the Quinze-Vingt for 300 blind men (1254), as well as hospitals at Pontoise, Vernon, Compiégne.

The Sainte Chappelle, an architectural gem, was constructed in his reign as a reliquary for the Crown of Thorns.

It was under his patronage that Robert of Sorbonne founded the "Collège de la Sorbonne," which became the seat of the theological faculty of Paris, the most illustrious seat of learning in the medieval period.

Louis died of the plague on 25 August 1270 near Tunis during the Second Crusade. 

He was canonized by Pope Boniface VIII on 11 July 1297.

He is the patron of architecture, masons and builders.

He is also honoured as co-patron of the Third Order of St. Francis, which claims him as a member of the Order.

[histoireettralala]

A mother's care : when queens lose their children (XIVth-XVth).

" If most of the queens gave many children to France, death scythed a great many of them. Child mortality was then very high. Generally, three children out of ten didn't reach one year, and almost as many died before puberty. In the aristocratic world, the life conditions of a little prince were of course privileged in terms of food or hygiene, but medicine often was powerless when illness struck. Death happened after strong fevers, epidemics, intestinal problems, or, for the children of Charles VI and Isabeau, various forms of tuberculosis. The numbers are telling: Jeanne de Bourbon gave birth to nine children, but only two sons survived, the dauphin Charles (future Charles VI) and Louis (future duke of Orleans). She saw all her daughters die successively (Jeanne died at four, Isabelle five, Marie six, Bonne and another Jeanne were only a few months old) and one of her sons, Jean. Charlotte de Savoie saw three of her six children die, Joachim (in 1459, a few months old), Louise (in 1460), and François (in 1466, a few hours after his christening).

If the pain felt by the family, especially the mother, is always difficult to evaluate, some clues tend to prove that, far from being "tamed", their children's death deeply affected them. The Religieux de Saint-Denys was touched by the abundant tears shed by Isabeau de Bavière when died her last baby, Philippe, in November 1407. The same way, at the death of dauphin Charles-Orland, three years old, in December 1495, Anne of Brittany was "greatly mourning", with tears and laments. It is true that the expected reactions for a close relation's death were codified (tears, cries, sometimes gestures of distress), and this whatever the actual pain may be. Beyond this normed rhetoric of mourning, we can agree that these mothers' distress likely wasn't completely feigned.

Their children always were buried with care, in dynastic sanctuaries, the cistercian abbeys of Royaumont and Maubuisson, or the Poissy collegiate church, and, from the reign of Charles V, in the royal necropolis of Saint Denis. Two of the king's daughters, Jeanne and Isabelle, rest at his side, just like the sons of Charles VI, Charles who died in 1386 before reaching one year old, another Charles who died at nine in 1400, and Philippe, this newborn who lived less than one day. In the second half of the XVth century, the sanctuaries of the Loire Valley, where resided the sovereigns and their spouses, were privileged. The sons and daughters of Charles VII rested in Tours, those of Louis XI in Amboise, as well as dauphin Charles-Orland, buried in the choir of the Saint-Martin de Tours abbey's church- today in the Saint-Gatien cathedral.

The memory of the little princes was commemorated by the erection of beautiful graves, whose patrons were most often the queens. These monuments are moving, as much for the beauty and delicacy of the sculptures as for the evocation, because of the size of the grave, of the child bodies they enclose. The recumbent effigy of Jean I the Posthumous (1316), likely made at the request of his mother Clémence of Hungary, is remarkable: the sculptor was able to tenderly render the image of a chubby and smiling baby, gifted with a fine face and lovely curls. The funeral monument sponsored by Anne of Brittany to the workshop of Michel Colombe and Jérôme Pacherot offers the special feature to represent on the same pedestal two children's "stone bodies", those of Charles-Orland and Charles, her sons, respectively dead in 1495 and 1498: the eldest of the dauphins wears the crown, while the youngest is still wrapped in the linens of early childhood. "

Murielle Gaude-Ferragu- La Reine au Moyen-Age- Le pouvoir au féminin, XIVe-XVe siècle.

[gwenlen-studies]

Sessions de travail de ces derniers jours: peinture suisse au XVe siècle et visite au département des Sculptures du musée du Louvre pour réviser. Les Anges de Poissy font partie de mes sculptures préférées et il faut absolument que je revienne avec un vrai appareil photo, et pas simplement mon téléphone, pour leur rendre justice.

___

Some pictures from the last days: I studied painting in Switzerland in the 15th century and went to the Sculptures department in the Louvre to study a bit differently. The Angels from the collegial church of Poissy are some of my favourite sculptures of all time and I need to come back with a real camera, and not just my tiny cell phone, to give them justice.

[ev-apostolate]

Saint of the Day ~ August 25

Saint of the Day ~ August 25

SAINT LOUIS IX (1215-1270), king of France, holy manPatron saint of construction workers, brick masons, prisoners,the sick and parents of large families Today, the Church honors Saint Louis IX, who was a great lover of justice and renowned for his charity towards the poor, sick and hungry. Louis was born in 1215 in Poissy, France to King Louis VIII and his wife, Blanche of Castile. He was…

[urbanhermit]

St. Louis IX, King of France was born at Poissy on April 25, 1214. His parents were Louis VIII, King of France, and Queen Blanche of Castile. He was Capetian king of France from 1226 to 1270. He led the seventh Crusade to the Holy Land in 1248-50. Louis died on August 25, 1270, near Tunis on the eighth Crusade to Tunisia. All the aspects of this king, his holiness, his reforms, his treatment of the poor, his chivalry, his diplomacy, his fatherhood of all, his patronage of the arts are part of who he was as king. St. Louis had a great love for the poor and cared for them with much compassion He served the poor in their own houses inviting some to eat at his own table. He fed over 100 people daily in his palace. He washed the feet of some of the poor every Saturday. When some of his nobles suggested these practices unsuitable for a king, Louis IX advised them that in the poor, he recognized and honored Christ himself. Louis made many visits to hospitals and would not avoid those with the worst afflictions. Instead, he would kneel down tending them, cherishing them with love. Patron of St Louis City, & the Archdiocese of St Louis. Pope Boniface VIII canonized Louis IX, the only king of France to be numbered by the Roman Catholic Church among its saints, in 1297. “Louis’ hand of innocence To him a pure heart endowed, For he had earned the recompense, God’s kingdom in the clouds.” https://www.instagram.com/p/CS_Y8NKLDNA/?utm_medium=tumblr

[anastpaul]

Saint of the Day – 25 August – St Louis, King of France (25 April 1214 at Poissy, France – King, Reformer, Apostle of Charity,  – 25 August 1270 at Tunis (in modern Tunisia) of natural causes).   His relics in the Basilica of Saint Denis, Paris, France but they were destroyed in 1793 during the French Revolution.   He was Canonised in 1297 by Pope Boniface VIII.  Attributes:  crown, crown of thorns, king holding a cross, king holding a crown of thorns, nails, cross and crucifix.   Patronages: against the death of children, barbers, bridegrooms, builders, button makers, construction workers, Crusaders, difficult marriages, distillers, embroiderers, French monarchs, grooms, haberdashers, hairdressers, hair stylists, kings, masons, needle workers, parenthood, parents of large families, passementiers, prisoners, sculptors, sick people, soldiers, stone masons, stonecutters, trimming makers, Québec, Québec, archdiocese of, Saint Louis, Missouri, archdiocese of, Versailles, France, diocese of, many cities in France and other parts of the world, Franciscan Tertiaries and the  Congregation of the Sisters of Saint Louis.

Louis IX was a reformer and developed French royal justice, in which the king is the supreme judge to whom anyone is able to appeal to seek the amendment of a judgment. He banned trials by ordeal, tried to prevent the private wars that were plaguing the country and introduced the presumption of innocence in criminal procedure.   To enforce the correct application of this new legal system, Louis IX created provosts and bailiffs.

According to his vow made after a serious illness, and confirmed after a miraculous cure, Louis IX took an active part in the Seventh and Eighth Crusade in which he died from dysentery.   He was succeeded by his son Philip III.

Louis’s actions were inspired by Christian values and Catholic devotion.   He decided to punish blasphemy, gambling, interest-bearing loans and prostitution and bought presumed relics of Christ for which he built the Sainte-Chapelle.   He also expanded the scope of the Inquisition and ordered the burning of Talmuds.   He is the only canonised king of France and there are consequently many places named after him.

Louis was born on 25 April 1214 at Poissy, near Paris, the son of Prince Louis the Lion and Princess Blanche, and baptised in La Collégiale Notre-Dame church.   His grandfather on his father’s side was Philip II, king of France; while his grandfather on his mother’s side was Alfonso VIII, king of Castile.   Tutors of Blanche’s choosing taught him most of what a king must know—Latin, public speaking, writing, military arts and government.   He was 9 years old when his grandfather Philip II died and his father ascended as Louis VIII. A member of the House of Capet, Louis was twelve years old when his father died on 8 November 1226.   He was crowned king within the month at Reims cathedral. Because of Louis’s youth, his mother ruled France as regent during his minority. The night before he was crowned, he fasted and prayed. He asked God to make him a good servant, to make him a good and holy king for his people.

Louis’ mother trained him to be a great leader and a good Christian. She used to say:

I love you, my dear son, as much as a mother can love her child;  but I would rather see you dead at my feet than that you should ever commit a mortal sin.

No date is given for the beginning of Louis’s personal rule.  His contemporaries viewed his reign as co-rule between the king and his mother, though historians generally view the year 1234 as the year in which Louis began ruling personally, with his mother assuming a more advisory role.   She continued to have a strong influence on the king until her death in 1252.   On 27 May 1234, Louis married Margaret of Provence (1221 – 21 December 1295), whose sister Eleanor later became the wife of Henry III of England.   The new queen’s religious devotion made her a well suited partner for the king.   He enjoyed her company and was pleased to show her the many public works he was making in Paris, both for its defense and for its health.   They enjoyed riding together, reading, and listening to music.   This attention raised a certain amount of jealousy in his mother, who tried to keep them apart as much as she could.

After the morning Mass, King Louis IX would ride his horse out into the country to see how he could work to make life better for his people.   He would often stop in villages to listen to what the people had to say.   He checked that wealthy, powerful nobles were not abusing people.   When he heard that the nobles unjustly took from people who had less, he forced the nobles to give back what they had taken.   He listened to people’s ideas for how to improve their country and he passed laws to protect those who were vulnerable. Louis was devoted to his people, founding hospitals, visiting the sick and like his patron Saint Francis, caring even for people with leprosy.   He is one of the patrons of the Secular Franciscan Order.   Louis united France—lords and townsfolk, peasants and priests and knights—by the force of his personality and holiness.   For many years the nation was at peace.   Every day, Louis had 13 special guests from among the poor to eat with him and a large number of poor were served meals near his palace.   During Advent and Lent, all who presented themselves were given a meal and Louis often served them in person.   He kept lists of needy people, whom he regularly relieved, in every province of his dominion.  

The king ordered churches and hospitals built throughout France.   In his travels, the king himself would often visit and care for those who were sick.   He listened to the needs of others.   As a man given the power to guide his country, he could do great good for his people.   He worked for peace in the world and when he did fight, he was merciful to those he captured.

In 1244, King Louis led a Crusade into the Holy Land.   As king, Louis could have taken special privileges and comforts.   Instead, he chose to share the hardships of his soldiers. Once, the king was captured.   While in prison, he prayed the Liturgy of the Hours every day.  Disturbed by new Muslim advances in Syria, he led another crusade in 1267, at the age of 41.   His crusade was diverted to Tunis for his brother’s sake.   The army was decimated by disease within a month and Louis himself died on foreign soil at the age of 44.   He was canonised 27 years later.

Louis’ patronage of the arts drove much innovation in Gothic art and architecture and the style of his court radiated throughout Europe by both the purchase of art objects from Parisian masters for export and by the marriage of the king’s daughters and female relatives to foreign husbands and their subsequent introduction of Parisian models elsewhere.   Louis’ personal chapel, the Sainte-Chapelle in Paris, was copied more than once by his descendants elsewhere.   Louis ordered the production of the Morgan Bible, a masterpiece of medieval painting. ��In his private chapel, Saint Louis would genuflect during the Nicene Creed to show reverence to the incarnation of Christ at the words, and was incarnate by the Holy Spirit from the Virgin Mary; and was made man.   During the crusades, the king’s practice became widespread and eventually was established as part of the rubrics of Holy Mass.   The painting of St Louis and St John the Baptist below, is from the Flemish school and was a detail for an altar of the Parliament of Paris. In the background is the Louvre palace from the 13th century.

During the so-called “golden century of Saint Louis”, the kingdom of France was at its height in Europe, both politically and economically.   Saint Louis was regarded as “primus inter pares”, first among equals, among the kings and rulers of the continent.   He commanded the largest army and ruled the largest and wealthiest kingdom, the European centre of arts and intellectual thought at the time.   The foundations for the famous college of theology later known as the Sorbonne were laid in Paris about the year 1257.   The prestige and respect felt in Europe for King Louis IX were due more to the attraction that his benevolent personality created rather than to military domination. For his contemporaries, he was the quintessential example of the Christian prince and embodied the whole of Christendom in his person.   His reputation for saintliness and fairness was already well established while he was alive and on many occasions he was chosen as an arbiter in quarrels among the rulers of Europe.

When Louis was dying, he prayed “Lord, I will enter into your house. I will worship in your holy temple and will give glory to your name.”   Through his prayer, his support of the Church and his Christlike service to all, Louis made his whole life an act of worship.

(via AnaStpaul – Breathing Catholic)

[grantmkemp]

"Everyone discusses my art and pretends to understand, as if it were necessary to understand, when it is simply necessary to love." - Claude Monet

Claude Monet was born 179 years ago today, 14th November 1840 on the fifth floor of 45 rue Laffitte, Paris. His father wanted him to go into the family's ship-chandling and grocery business, but Monet wanted to become an artist. His mother was a singer, and supported Monet's desire for a career in art. On 28th January 1857, his mother died, and at the age of sixteen, he left school and went to live with his widowed, childless aunt, Marie-Jeanne Lecadre. When Monet traveled to Paris to visit the Louvre, he witnessed painters copying from the old masters. Having brought his paints and other tools with him, he would instead go and sit by a window and paint what he saw. Monet was in Paris for several years and met other young painters, including Édouard Manet. Disillusioned with traditional art schools, in 1862 Monet became a student of Charles Gleyre in Paris, where he met Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Frédéric Bazille and Alfred Sisley. Together they shared new approaches to art, painting the effects of light en plein air with broken colour and rapid brushstrokes, in what later came to be known as Impressionism. From the late 1860s, Monet and other like-minded artists met with rejection from the conservative Académie des Beaux-Arts, which held its annual exhibition at the Salon de Paris. Manet. After the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War, Monet took refuge in England, where he studied the works of John Constable and Joseph Mallord William Turner, both of whose landscapes would serve to inspire Monet's innovations in the study of colour. Impression, Sunrise was painted in 1872, depicting a Le Havre port landscape. From the painting's title the art critic Louis Leroy, coined the term "Impressionism". It was intended as disparagement but the Impressionists appropriated the term for themselves. The first Impressionist exhibition was held in 1874 at 35 boulevard des Capucines, Paris, from 15th April to 15th May. The primary purpose of the participants was not so much to promote a new style, but to free themselves from the constraints of the Salon de Paris. The exhibition, open to anyone prepared to pay 60 francs, gave artists the opportunity to show their work without the interference of a jury. The total attendance is estimated at 3500, and some works did sell, though some exhibitors had placed their prices too high. Pissarro was asking 1000 francs for The Orchard and Monet the same for Impression: Sunrise, neither of which sold In 1876, Camille Monet (his first wife, and former model) became ill with tuberculosis. Their second son, Michel, was born on 17th March 1878. This second child weakened her already fading health. In the summer of that year, the family moved to the village of Vétheuil where they shared a house with the family of Ernest Hoschedé, a wealthy department store owner and patron of the arts. In 1878, Camille Monet was diagnosed with uterine cancer. She died on 5th September 1879 at the age of thirty-two After several difficult months following the death of Camille, Monet began to create some of his best paintings of the 19th century. During the early 1880s, Monet painted several groups of landscapes and seascapes in what he considered to be campaigns to document the French countryside. These began to evolve into series of pictures in which he documented the same scene many times in order to capture the changing of light and the passing of the seasons. Monet's friend Ernest Hoschedé became bankrupt, and left in 1878 for Belgium. After the death of Camille Monet in September 1879, and while Monet continued to live in the house in Vétheuil, Alice Hoschedé helped Monet to raise his two sons, Jean and Michel. She took them to Paris to live alongside her own six children, Blanche (who married Jean Monet), Germaine, Suzanne, Marthe, Jean-Pierre, and Jacques. In the spring of 1880, Alice Hoschedé and all the children left Paris and rejoined Monet at Vétheuil. In 1881, all of them moved to Poissy, which Monet hated. In April 1883, looking out the window of the little train between Vernon and Gasny, he discovered Giverny in Normandy. Monet, Alice Hoschedé and the children moved to Vernon, then to the house in Giverny, where he planted a large garden and where he painted for much of the rest of his life. Following the death of her estranged husband, Monet married Alice Hoschedé in 1892. Monet rented and eventually purchased a house and gardens in Giverny. The family worked and built up the gardens, and Monet's fortunes began to change for the better as his dealer, Paul Durand-Ruel, had increasing success in selling his paintings. By November 1890, Monet was prosperous enough to buy the house, the surrounding buildings and the land for his gardens. During the 1890s, Monet built a greenhouse and a second studio, a spacious building well lit with skylights. During World War I, in which his younger son Michel served and his friend and admirer Georges Clemenceau led the French nation, Monet painted a series of weeping willow trees as homage to the French fallen soldiers. In 1923, he underwent two operations to remove his cataracts. The paintings done while the cataracts affected his vision have a general reddish tone, which is characteristic of the vision of cataract victims. It may also be that after surgery he was able to see certain ultraviolet wavelengths of light that are normally excluded by the lens of the eye; this may have had an effect on the colours he perceived. After his operations he even repainted some of these paintings, with bluer water lilies than before. Monet died of lung cancer on 5th December 1926 at the age of 86 and is buried in the Giverny church cemetery. Monet had insisted that the occasion be simple; thus only about fifty people attended the ceremony. At his funeral, his long-time friend Georges Clemenceau removed the black cloth draped over the coffin, stating, "No black for Monet!" and replaced it with a flower-patterned cloth. These are my colourised versions of: a studio portrait by Benque & Co., Paris, taken in 1883, when Monet was aged 43, and a photograph taken in his house at Giverny in 1916, when Monet was aged 76

Restoring Your Past  … Website Restoring Your Past … on Facebook

[jamesmosseccardtfmp]

Le Corbusier

Le Corbusier (Charles-Édouard Jeanneret) was an architect and one of the pioneers of modern architecture. Le Corbusier was Swiss-French and most of his most known pieces are located around France and Switzerland. He also mostly had his designs built out of steel and reinforced concrete so his work did have a pattern.

Villa Savoye, Poissy

Villa Savoye is said to be Le Corbusier’s most known piece of work. Although the building was built in 1931 it still has a futuristic look today (in my opinion). It is very sleek, simple and well designed. 

To those who can appreciate the work that goes into a building like this would agree that this building is seen as a master piece and a memory of Le Corbusier. But unfortunately there are people how can’t respect the art. Three years ago reporters foudn the building in a horrible state, here is how it looked.

Notre Dame du Haut, Romchamp

Another one of Le Corbusier’s most known designs is the Notre Dame du Haut. It may look like just another modern building but it is actually a church. It isn’t a typical church with a tall bell tower and stained glass windows, it has very odd walls and windows. The southern wall curves into a narrow point that points East and also is filled with widows that are all different shapes and sizes. 

This video shows some extra information about the building; why it is shaped in such a way, how it is built and some other stuff. My favourite thing about this design is that it isn’t two sides that are the same. When you look at each side of the building it looks like completely different buildings and that amazes me.

Biography.com. (n.d.). Le Corbusier. [online] Available at: http://www.biography.com/people/le-corbusier-9376609 [Accessed 17 Apr. 2017].

ArchDaily. (2014). How 'Vandalizing' a Classic Exposes the Hypocrisy of Today's Modernists. [online] Available at: http://www.archdaily.com/557974/how-vandalizing-a-classic-exposes-the-hypocrisy-of-today-s-modernists [Accessed 17 Apr. 2017].

[muspeccoll]

#WordyWednesday

Miniature: A term for medieval book illustrations that are not part of an initial or border but are completely separate. Miniatures tended to be small but could also be full-page illustrations. The name has nothing to do with their size: it comes from the Latin word minium, referring to the red lead once used to draw them. Miniatures that have been incorporated into an initial are more properly referred to as historiation.

Image: Catholic Church. Processional (for the use of the Dominican sisters of St. Louis, Poissy). Paris: approximately 1510-1540. BX2032 .A2 1510z

(via Manicule — Ostrocon · Rare Books: A Glossary · Special Collections and Archives)

[cruger2984]

THE DESCRIPTION OF SAINT LOUISE DE MARILLAC The Patron Saint of Social Workers Feast Day: March 15

Louise de Marillac (aka Louise Le Gras) was born out of wedlock on August 12, 1592 near Le Meux, now in the department of Oise, in Picardy.

She never knew her mother. Louis de Marillac, Lord of Ferrires claimed her as his natural daughter yet not his legal heir. Louis was a member of the prominent de Marillac family and was a widower at the time of Louise's birth. Her uncle, Michel de Marillac, was a major figure in the court of Queen Marie de' Medici and, though Louise was not a member of the Queen's court, she lived and worked among the French aristocracy. When her father married his new wife, Antoinette Le Camus, she refused to accept Louise as part of their family. Thus, Louise grew up amid the affluent society of Paris, but without a stable home life. Nevertheless, she was cared for and received an excellent education at the royal monastery of Poissy near Paris, where her aunt was a Dominican nun.

Louise remained at Poissy until her father's death, when she was twelve years old. She then stayed with a devout spinster, from whom she learned household management skills as well as the secrets of herbal medicine. Around the age of fifteen, Louise felt drawn to the cloistered life. She later made application to the Capuchin nuns in Paris but was refused admission. It is not clear if her refusal was for her continual poor health or other reasons, but her spiritual director assured her that God had 'other plans' for her.

During civil unrest, her two uncles who held high rank within the government were imprisoned. One was publicly executed, and the other died in prison. Around 1621, Antoine contracted a chronic illness and eventually became bedridden. Louise nursed and cared for him and their child. In 1623, when illness was wasting Antoine, depression was overcoming Louise. In addition, she suffered for years with internal doubt and guilt for having not pursued the religious calling she had felt as a young woman. She was fortunate to have a wise and sympathetic counsellor, Francis de Sales, then in Paris, and then his friend, the bishop of Belley.

In 1623, at 32, she wrote:

"On the feast of Pentecost during Holy Mass or while I was praying in the church, my mind was completely freed of all doubt. I was advised that I should remain with my husband and that the time would come when I would be in the position to make vows of poverty, chastity and obedience and that I would be in a small community where others would do the same…I felt that it was God who was teaching me these things and that, believing there is a God, I should not doubt the rest."

She vowed not to remarry if her husband died before her. She also believed that she had received the insight that she would be guided to a new spiritual director whose face she was shown. When she happened to meet Vincent de Paul, she recognized him as the priest from her vision.

Antoine died in 1625. Widowed and lacking financial means, she had to move. Vincent lived near her new dwelling. At first, he was reluctant to be her confessor, as he was busy with his Confraternities of Charity. Members were aristocratic ladies of charity, who were helping him nurse the poor and look after neglected children, a real need of the day, but the ladies were busy with many of their own concerns and duties. His work needed many more helpers, especially ones who were peasants themselves and so would be closer to the poor. He also needed someone who could teach and organize them.

She found great success in these endeavors. Then, in 1632, Louise made a spiritual retreat. Her intuition led her to understand that it was time to intensify her ministry with poor and needy persons. Louise, now forty-two years old, communicated this objective to Monsieur Vincent.

In 17th-century France, the charitable care of the poor was completely unorganized. The Ladies of Charity, founded by Vincent years earlier, provided some care and monetary resources, but it was far from enough. They had the funds to aid poor people, but they did not have the time or temperament to live a life of service among the poor.

Vincent and Louise realized that direct service of the poor was not easy for the nobility or the bourgeoisie because of social class. The women took meals, distributed clothing and gave care and comfort. They visited the slums dressed in beautiful dresses next to people considered to be peasants. The tension, between the ideal of service and social constraints, was real. Besides, the families of the ladies often opposed the works. It soon became clear that many of the ladies were unfit to cope with the actual conditions.

The need of organization in work for the poor suggested to de Paul the forming of a confraternity among the women of his parish in Châtillon-les-Dombes. It was so successful that it spread from the rural districts to Paris, where noble ladies often found it hard to give personal care to the needs of the poor. The majority sent their servants to minister to those in need, but often, the work was considered unimportant. Vincent de Paul remedied it by referring young women who inquired about serving persons in need to go to Paris and devote themselves to the ministry under the direction of the Ladies of Charity. These young girls formed the nucleus of the Daughters of Charity of St. Vincent de Paul.

Louise found the help she needed in young, humble country women, who had the energy and the proper attitude to deal with people weighed down by destitution and suffering. She began working with a group of them and saw a need for common life and formation. Consequently, she invited four country girls to live in her home in the Rue des Fosses‐Saint‐Victor and began training them to care for those in need.

In working with her sisters, Louise emphasized a balanced life, as Vincent de Paul had taught her. It was the integration of contemplation and activity that made Louise's work so successful.

She wrote near the end of her life: 'Certainly it is the great secret of the spiritual life to abandon to God all that we love by abandoning ourselves to all that He wills.'

Nearing her death, she wrote to her nuns: "Take good care of the service of the poor. Above all, live together in great union and cordiality, loving one another in imitation of the union and life of our Lord. Pray earnestly to the Blessed Virgin, that she might be your only Mother."

After increasingly ill health, Louise de Marillac died on March 15, 1660 in Paris - six months before the death of her dear friend and mentor, Vincent de Paul. She was 68.

The Daughters of Charity had more than 40 houses in France. The nuns have always been held in high repute and have made foundations in all parts of the world.

Louise de Marillac was beatified by Pope Benedict XV on May 9, 1920. And, on March 11, 1934, she was canonized by Pope Pius XI. Her feast day is May 9 (March 15 until 2016). Her remains are enshrined in the chapel of the motherhouse of the Daughters of Charity at Rue du Bac, Paris.

She is mistakenly referred to as an incorrupt saint; the body enshrined in the chapel is actually a wax effigy, containing her bones. She was declared Patroness of Christian Social Workers by Pope John XXIII, in 1960. Louise de Marillac is honored with a Lesser Feast on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America.

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The capital of Poitour-Charentes to the west of France, Poitiers is a university city with upper-class medieval history to go into.

All you need is a bit of a foundation and many churches have profound meanings as queens, dukes, and rulers from this city come alive. There are countless lovely half-framed houses on squares like Place Charles de Gaulle, and you can have fun hunting down gothic and revival palaces, where Marsh City often lives. And then you can leave the past behind, at least for a few hours, at the amusement park Futramodern Ultramodern. Discover the best things to do in Poitiers.

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1. Musée Sainte-Croix

The largest museum in the city is housed in a brutal labyrinth building since the 1970s. After an intensive quest through these galleries, divided into prehistoric, archeology, medieval history, fine art and regional ethnography, you'll find quite interesting about Poitiers and the area. field.

You may be convinced by the archeology department because the museum was built on the 7th-century Ste-Croix Monastery.

2. Futuroscope

Because the Lumière brothers in 19th-century France were at the forefront of film art and the Futurcop theme park stems from that heritage.

It is France’s third most popular theme park and has been dazzling visitors for more than 30 years with simulators, rides and breathtaking presentations in IMAX 3D and 4D theatres.

The venue for the trips and shows is phenomenal metal and glass structures, some rounded and others rounded, but all of them are vast in size. Most programs have set start time, so as opposed to most theme parks, you can plan ahead and not waste your day in the queue.

3. Baptistère Saint-Jean

In Poitiers, you can enter the oldest Christian church in France, built in the 4th century and then changed in the 7th century to the present form.

In the Merovingian period, they made a mess when it came to baptism, and instead of the small font, the church contained a large octagonal tank, in which everyone needed to completely immerse themselves to complete the admission ceremony.

4. Église Saint-Hilaire Le Grand

Because of its location on the Way of St. James pilgrimage route, this hushed romanesque church is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The Revolution wasn’t kind to the building, and the nave was torn down and had to be rebuilt.

But in the choir and ambulance, there is a lot of splendid medieval art. Four chapels have frescoes from the 1000s, among them one of the first medieval representations of the apocalypse.

Lying down in the catacombs, a 17th-century chest holds the relics of St. Hilary, Bishop Poitiers in the 4th century and is the leading writer and theologian of the era.

5. Parc de Blossac

By the middle of the 18th century, Count Blossac had a big plan for Poitiers to shake off the medieval image with this expansive avenue and open space like this lavish park. The park is actually skirted by some of the old city walls, as you can see in the southern corner.

From there, you can also follow the Chemin de la Cagouillere walk to the right bank of the Clain River. Most of the parks are French-style parterres, with straight-arrow boulevards next to the terrain.

There is also a romantic English garden with flower gardens, a decorative river, statues, caves and some menagerie with guinea pigs, macaws, and rabbits.

6. Église Notre-Dame la Grande

Inside are medieval paintings above the choir, showing Christ in majesty and the Virgin and Child surrounded by a mandorla. But it’s the church’s portal that wins most acclaim, with sophisticated 12th-century friezes showing images from passages in the old and new testaments.

7. Grande Salle – Palais de Poitiers

There, only one room is visible in the courts of Poitiers, formerly the headquarters of Duke Aquitaine and Earl Poitou, and you have to be brave to check the bag airlines to enter. But if you’re curious about English and French history this is a small price to pay.

Because the Grand Salle is a dining room ordered in the 1190s by Eleanor of Aquitaine, one of the most powerful women in medieval Europe. At 50 meters by 17, it may well have been the largest in Europe at the time.

There are three giant fireplaces, magical traces on the windows and sculptures of figures in the court of Poitiers, like John of Berry and Isabeau of Bavaria.

8. Poitiers Cathedral

Eleanor also commissioned the city's large church in 1162 and it was completed about a century later, quite quickly for a building of this size in the middle ages. If you fall in love with medieval history, you might have a field day here.

First, almost all of the stained-glass windows in the choir and transept are original, and if you're an eagle eye, you'll recognize Eleanor and Henry II in one. The wooden choir stalls are some of the oldest in France, carved in the gothic Paris style in the mid-13th century.

Originally there would have been 100, but even with the 74 remainings, you’re left in no doubt about the high status of the cathedral chapter in these times.

9. Hôtel Fumé

The Rue de la Chaîne is one of the most interesting streets in the city, crowded with medieval houses with cross patterns on wooden frames and iron gas lamps suspended in the middle of the road.

Follow it up the hill and it transforms into Rue René Descartes, on which you will be surprised at the majestic facade of Hôtel Fumé. This is a gaudy gothic castle built in the 15th and 16th centuries by the mayor of the city and is currently the university's humanities department.

Walkthrough the walkway into the courtyard, where the sculpted, twisted columns support a semi-wooden showroom with crushed windows.

10. Place du Maréchal-Leclerc

The main square in Poitier Cente-Ville walkway has a completely different feeling from the narrow medieval city streets but very lovely because of the feeling of space and airy. Place du Maréchal-Leclerc is enclosed by Belle Époque and art deco buildings.

Note the facade of Société Générale, which dates back to 1928 and the old city theater built-in 1954 in the style of artistic renaissance.

The City Hall is a bit older, dating to the mid-1800s during the Second Empire, and it hosts occasional open weekends when you can go in to poke around the salons and grand staircase.

Over the past few years, stylish modern benches have been added to the plaza, and there are cafes around if you need a break to visit.

More ideals for you: Top 10 things to do in Poissy

From : https://wikitopx.com/travel/top-10-things-to-do-in-poitiers-709472.html

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Today in Christian History

Today is Friday, October 9th, the 283rd day of 2020. There are 83 days left in the year.

Today’s Highlight in History:

1523: Death of Robert Grosseteste, a reform-minded English bishop who influenced John Wycliffe and formulated the scientific method.

1561: The Colloquy of Poissy ends. Held near Paris, the conference between the French Roman Catholic bishops and the Protestant ministers is unsuccessful in reaching accord, but paves the way for the 1562 Edict of St. Germain that will officially recognize and give limited freedom to French Protestantism.

1635: Roger Williams is sentenced to banishment by Massachusetts for his religious views. In exile, he will found Rhode Island on principles of freedom of conscience.

1747: Death of David Brainerd at age twenty-nine of tuberculosis. He had been a missionary to Native Americans in New England. His journal, published by Jonathan Edwards, will inspire many readers to become missionaries.

1800: Mary Webb, wheelchair-bound, organizes fourteen Baptist and Congregational women into the Boston Female Society for Missionary Purposes.

1860: Conversion of Robert Anderson, who will later head Scotland Yard.

1916: Irene Webster-Smith boards the Suwa Maru for Japan, where she will rescue Geisha children.

1920: Orthodox reader Basil Ivanovich Katorgin is sentenced to death by Communists of Omsk province for “counter-revolutionary activity.” The sentence will be carried out on October 23 when he is shot.

1935: Yin Renxian and his wife Faith Suyun Ding, who have been reaching out with the gospel to prison inmates and street people, baptize more than twenty prisoners.

1940: Death of Wilfred T. Grenfell, vibrant missionary to Newfoundland and Labrador.

1994: A Roman Catholic mob destroys an evangelical church in Acapulco, Mexico.

2011: The Egyptian army ruthlessly runs over or shoots Christians who are peacefully protesting the failure of the Muslim government to bring to justice Muslims who have burned Christian churches and attacked Christians. Twenty-seven protesters die. Two days later Muslims will also assault the Christian funeral processions.