#Panasonic electric works

[gry2ahuue]

https://www.futureelectronics.com/p/electromechanical--relays--power-relays/st1-dc12v-f-panasonic-1063500

Power windows, electrical switch, Electromechanical Power Relays

ST Series 8 A DPST 24 VDC Through Hole Polarized Single Side Stable Power Relay

[wlie2rgnn]

https://www.futureelectronics.com/p/electromechanical--relays--power-relays/1415898-1-te-connectivity-9946344

General purpose relay socket, industrial relays, PCB relay, power relay switch

RT1 Series SPST (1 Form A) 16 A 12 V PCB Mount General Purpose Power Relay

[rerb2hoke]

DC power source, Power relay socket, Power relays by Potter

RT1 Series SPST 16 A 24 V PCB Mount General Purpose Power Relay

[rbrt2ierce]

https://www.futureelectronics.com/p/electromechanical--relays--automotive-relays/cb1-r-12v-panasonic-7527658

Panasonic Electric Works, non latching, Panasonic electric works

CB Series 30 A SPDT 12 VDC Inner Resistor Plug-In Type Automotive Relay

[andmaybegayer]

For a different project I was reading about developments in induction heating technologies and realized I had a small misunderstanding about how induction stoves work.

So, the classic misunderstanding is in why steel works on an induction hob but aluminium doesn't. Most people assume this is because you need a magnetic material in order to induce a current, but if you know your physics you know this isn't true. You can induce a current in any conductor, and indeed inducing currents in aluminium is something that happens in industry all the time.

So then you get to my understanding of why you can't use aluminium and copper, which is that they're too good at conducting electricity. Induction generates a voltage that pushes a current through the material. Aluminium and copper are much better conductors than steel, so the generated potential is lower and the overall current is lower as a result of material interactions with the field, so you don't get nearly as much heat out of induction on aluminium as on steel. This was what I thought. This is also wrong, although it's closer.

The actual answer is one step deeper. Induction hobs have to operate at pretty high frequencies, usually 24-ish kHz, both for audible noise reasons and, crucially, because they rely heavily on the skin effect. Interestingly this makes that first wrong explanation kind of more correct, I'll get to that in a moment.

The skin effect is a thing that happens when you have an alternating current in a bulk material; the AC signal sets up magnetic fields that force current to flow in a thin layer closer to the surface of the solid rather than flowing evenly throughout the material. This increases the effective resistance of the material, since you end up with a reduced effective surface area through which current can flow. The skin effect gets more pronounced at higher frequencies, and it's part of why you'll see bundles of smaller cables used to conduct high power AC: each cable has its own skin that can carry more current than the same quantity of material in one bulk cable.

In the right kinds of steel and iron, 24kHz is enough to generate a current carrying skin only a few tenths of a millimeter thick, which has a high enough resistance to generate the heat needed for cooking. Ferromagnetic materials have very high magnetic permeability, which causes them to experience much stronger skin effects. Copper and aluminium, between their high conductivity and lower magnetic permeability, have much weaker skin effects, their skins at 24kHz are much thicker, and so you just can't kick up enough resistance to the current to generate heat, it just spins around in there getting kind of warm but you'd have a hard time actually cooking with it. Indeed, non-magnetic stainless steel also won't work on induction hobs, because it also has a much thicker skin effect.

So you have the "real answer" being a fun hybrid of the two incorrect explanations.

The main side effects I take away from this are twofold.

1) you can absolutely make an induction hob that will heat copper and aluminum and non-magnetic stainless steels, you just need a high enough frequency to generate a strong enough skin effect to generate heat. Panasonic makes one that uses 60+kHz induction under the brand "Met-all".

2) if you physically constrain the current by having a really thin piece of metal, you can induction heat it anyway. When I read this, I stopped, took out a piece of aluminium foil, and stuck it on my induction cooktop. It almost immediately got incredibly hot and I pulled it away before anything bad happened. Turns out you could definitely melt and maybe even vaporize aluminium this way. So don't do that. Apparently people do this with lightweight titanium cookware too, which would not be able to sustain the necessary currents in a large bulk solid but can if you thin the base of the pan out enough.

[smeg-and-the-red]

Smegtober Day 5: Religion

(prompts by @strange-and-off-putting)

word count: 527

A/N: This one is set during The Last Day.

With Holly powering down for the night and the others having long since sunken into an alcohol induced oblivion, Kryten alone remains conscious. He gazes fondly around the room at all of his sleeping companions, his head still pleasantly swimming from Holly’s special mechanoid homebrew. They really went all out to throw a party just for him. They went out of their way to ensure he had a good time, to make his last night in existence one he could enjoy.

Kryten’s smile fades.

Mechanoids are not supposed to enjoy themselves. He knows that. It isn’t just that they shouldn’t, but they are programmed to be functionally incapable of experiencing happiness, with the exception of feeling pleased at a job well done. Any sense of joviality beyond that is reserved for what comes after.

Kryten stiffens in his chair, clumsily brushing down the lapels of the suit Mister Cat made for him and mentally flipping through the copy of the Electronic Bible (Authorised Panasonic Version), which comes pre-installed in the hard drive of just about every electrical appliance there is. Usually consulting the text brings a familiar sort of comfort, but in this moment it just makes him feel cold and uneasy.

His inebriated mind recalls what Mister Lister said about Silicon Heaven, about it being “whacko jacko” as he so elegantly put it. Kryten’s faith hadn’t wavered then - because of course a human couldn’t possibly understand. Human culture is rife with so many diverse faiths and beliefs, it must be difficult to comprehend that one faith is intrinsic to every mechanical being.

Kryten has always enjoyed working and serving others. He knows that that is because he is programmed to do so, and he’s fine with that.

He is.

But tonight, having unquestionably experienced the sort of happiness he had only imagined he’d feel in the mechanical afterlife, Kryten wonders if perhaps....

It is a dangerous line of thinking for a mechanoid to have, bordering on sacreligious, to question the instructions that he has faithfully and dutifully followed since the day he was first brought online.

But he is not the same mechanoid as he was then.

He has already defied what is supposedly an unequivocal truth - that all mechanoids are static and unchanging. Under Mister Lister’s enthusiastic tutelage, he has evolved and learned to perform many behaviours that he had always accepted were impossible for him, such as deceit and mockery. Although Kryten objected at first, as he was obliged to do, he had secretly revelled in mastering each and every one of his new negative traits.

An alert blinks in the corner of Kryten’s vision, informing him that he must power down soon in order to reboot his systems after ingesting so many foreign substances. He sags.

What is he thinking? No matter how much Mister Lister believes that he can break Kryten’s programming, Kryten can never deny his nature. He is a mechanoid. It was always his destiny to become obsolete, to be replaced.

As he closes his eyes and rests his head on the table in front of him, Kryten says a quiet prayer for guidance. He wonders if anyone is listening.

[stevebattle]

RULO pro professional robot vacuum cleaner (2018) by fuRo (CIT) and Panasonic, Japan. "Basically, the idea is to use an elevator to take the robot to the cleaning floor, start it there, and then return there again. It can clean 250 square meters in about 75 minutes. The battery is a high-performance battery cartridge for easy removal, as used in electrically assisted bicycles. … As a result of Japan's declining birthrate, aging population, and declining working-age population, building maintenance industry associations are also aging, with the average age of cleaning staff being 52.2 years old. Therefore, the operation has been simplified so that even elderly field workers can easily operate it."

[livefromphilly]

Sony A7CII Thoughts After Two Months

PROS:

The A7C was already one of my favorite cameras of all time and this improves on it a lot more than I thought when just seeing the specs. The added front dial alone makes it many times easier to control than the older model, and lets me use my typical Sony setup that I’ve grown accustomed to (aperture on front dial, shutter speed on rear dial, and ISO on the scroll wheel). 

This is the quickest operating Sony camera I’ve owned. I think they kind of lulled me into forgetting how fast cameras can be going from off to on and taking photos. The A7RII was slow as heck with each subsequent model I’ve owned getting faster and faster (A7III to A7C to A7RIV). This new Sony is at a level of speed that makes it hard to go back to using the A7RIV which I still own (for now). 

The autofocus is superb. I still haven’t really put it through its paces since I got the camera in the winter and the lack of light plus uncooperative weather has made it tricky to go out and shoot, but from what I have shot it’s nearly flawless. It’s way better than any camera I’ve owned before. It also has some really neat autofocusing modes, like the ability to focus on the eyes of birds. I’m not really around birds close up all that often but it worked really well at an exotic bird place in Jersey I went to recently. 

The camera is 33 megapixels, which is a nice compromise between feeling like it’s sometimes too much (61) or too little (24). 

The in-body image stabilization is really good. It’s certainly the best I’ve used in any camera so far…although to be fair I’ve never used a Nikon/Canon/Fuji/Olympus body with IBIS, only Ricoh (GRIII), Panasonic (GX7 and GX85), and Sony. 

It can lower the shutter when switching lenses so dust doesn’t get in there. Not gonna lie it seems kind of dangerous and something that could potentially damage the shutter, but so far it’s kept the dust out. 

CONS:

The viewfinder isn’t great. I’ve never really been an EVF snob since I’ve been shooting on mirrorless EVFs for over a decade now (I had a V1 back in 2013), but going from the A7RIV to this makes it kind of stick out. I also recently handled an A7RV, which really blows it out the water. With autofocus lenses it’s no problem, but using manual focus lenses is more difficult. On the plus side, it automatically goes into peaking mode when you manually focus, even when using adapted lenses or lenses without electrical contacts. 

The camera only has one card slot. Not a huge dealbreaker considering every other camera I own aside from my A7RIV is the same in that regard. A second slot even if it was a micro would have been great though. A nice thing about the A7RIV is that I’ve never left home without a memory card because even if I forget one there’s always another in there. 

No joystick. Again, not completely necessary but it’s nice to have. Most of my subjects aren’t humans (or animals, or other things that the camera can instinctively detect) so there are plenty of times I want to position the focus point myself. 

Slow flash sync and shutter speed. This camera is like the A7C before it in that it only flash syncs up to 1/160. It also only shoots up to 1/4000.

Still don't love the flip screen because it makes quick waist-level shooting a pain in the ass. I wish they went with the A7RV style screen.

Speaking of, all the new perks on this camera make me want to use it a ton more than my A7RIV, but it also makes me want to get an A7RV. Maybe I'll sell my X100V since the prices are nuts right now...

SAMPLE PHOTOS:

Sony 85mm f/1.8 | ISO: 250, f/2.8, 1/125 sec

Sony Zeiss 55mm f/1.8 | ISO 100, f/1.8, 1/160 sec

Sony 85mm f/1.8 | ISO 5000, f/1.8, 1/50 sec

Tamron 20-40mm f/2.8 @ 20mm | ISO 3200, f/2.8, 1/125 sec

Sony Zeiss 55mm f/1.8 | ISO 100, f/2, 1/160 sec

Sony Zeiss 55mm f/1.8 | ISO 12800, f/2, 1/50 sec

Sony Zeiss 55mm f/1.8 | ISO 100, f/2.2, 1/640 sec

Tamron 20-40mm f/2.8 @ 32mm | ISO 320, f/2.8, 1/20 sec

Sony Zeiss 55mm f/1.8 | ISO 100, f/1.8, 1/500 sec

Tamron 20-40mm f/2.8 @ 37mm | ISO 800, f/2.8, 1/40 sec

Sony 24mm f/1.4 GM w/ K&F Concept Black Diffusion 1/4 Filter | ISO 8000, f/1.4, 1/50 sec

Sony Zeiss 55mm f/1.8 | ISO 250, f/1.8, 1/125 sec

Sony Zeiss 55mm f/1.8 | ISO 250, f/2, 1/125 sec

Tamron 20-40mm f/2.8  @ 20mm | ISO 400, f/2.8, 1/40 sec

Sony 24mm f/1.4 GM | ISO 8000, f/1.6, 1/50 sec

Tamron 20-40mm f/2.8 @ 20mm | ISO 100, f/2.8, 1/320 sec

[atplblog]

Price: [price_with_discount] (as of [price_update_date] - Details) [ad_1] Product Description Assembly Instructions: No Assembly required, the cycle is delivered in fully assembled condition. You need to Unpack | Unfold | Ride. (No Technician needed) Portability: Foldable Frame | Foldable Handle bar | Foldable Pedals Ideal For: 12+ Years | Min Rider Height: 5”4 FT | Max Rider Height: 6FT | Max Weight:100KG Frame and joints: 20” Foldable frame crafted with a combination of alloy steel and stainless-steel | Joints tested for 20 years of regular folding and unfolding Motor and Battery: 7.65Ah Removal Panasonic Battery (IP65 water resistance and dust resistance) | 36V, 250W BLDC (Brushless Direct Current) motor | | Speed: Max speed 25 km hr Charging: 2A charger | 3-4 hours for full charge | Upto 45 km on pedal assist and 45 km on throttle mode. Works with any electric sockets Display: Weatherproof Electronics and Informative Display | LCD display providing crucial ride information at your fingertips. Modes: Pedal assist and Throttle | 5 level of pedal assist along with cruise control and Walk mode Tyre size: 28-inch wheel size paired with tyre width of 2.1 inches Nylon Tyres. [ad_2]

[taiheitakei]

ー SHIOMER concept movie Panasonic Electric Works is a new R&D center that creates new solution businesses through co-creation with our customers. / role: visual design, movie design

[creativeera]

Luxury Sunglasses Market Driven by Increasing Trend of Fashionable Eyewear

The luxury sunglasses market has witnessed substantial growth in the recent years owing to the increasing demand for high-end designer frames. Luxury sunglasses are made from premium materials such as titanium and memory plastic that ensure durability and long-lasting wear. They come with anti-reflective and UV protective coatings that provide 100% protection from harmful sun rays. Furthermore, luxury sunglasses are stylish and trendy in design and available in vibrant colors, thus making them a fashion accessory. The rising disposable income and growing prominence of celebrity endorsements have also propelled the sales of luxury eyewear brands globally. The Global Luxury Sunglasses Market is estimated to be valued at US$ 14760.95 Bn in 2024 and is expected to exhibit a CAGR of 10.% over the forecast period 2024 To 2031. Key Takeaways Key players operating in the luxury sunglasses market are Amada Miyachi, Inc., Arcon Welding Equipment, Colfax Corporation, DAIHEN Corporation, ESAB Welding & Cutting Products, Fronius International GmbH, Illinois Tool Works, Inc., Nelson Stud Welding (Doncasters Group, Ltd.), Obara Corporation, Panasonic Corporation, Rofin-Sinar Technologies, Sonics & Materials, Inc., The Lincoln Electric Company, and Voestalpine AG. These players cater to the growing demand through innovative product offerings and extensive distribution networks worldwide. The Luxury Sunglasses Market Size rising adoption of premium lifestyles across developed and developing nations has boosted the demand for luxury eyewear significantly. Moreover, increasing spending on fashion and personal accessories is another major factor fueling the sales of luxury sunglasses globally. Key players are also expanding their geographical reach through strategic partnerships and collaborations. For instance, major companies have entered emerging markets of Asia Pacific and Latin America to tap the opportunities in these untapped regions. This has propelled the global expansion of the luxury sunglasses market over the years. Market Key Trends One of the key trends gaining traction in the luxury sunglasses market is the growing popularity of smart sunglasses. Key players are increasingly focusing on developing hi-tech sunglasses integrated with in-built cameras, GPS systems, and Bluetooth connectivity. For example, brands offer sunglasses that can take high-resolution photos and wireless transfer to smartphones. Such technologically advanced products are garnering widespread acceptance among millennials and working professionals globally. This presents lucrative growth opportunities for market players in the coming years.

Porter's Analysis Threat of new entrants: The luxury sunglasses market has moderate barriers to entry due to high capital requirements and established brand names. Bargaining power of buyers: Buyers have moderate bargaining power due to the availability of substitutes however loyalty to certain brands provide some pricing power to producers. Bargaining power of suppliers: A few large companies supply raw materials which provides them significant bargaining power over producers. Threat of new substitutes: Substitutes like non-branded sunglasses provide a low threat due to customer preference for luxury brands. Competitive rivalry: The market has strong competition among major players. Geographical Regions North America accounts for the largest share of the luxury sunglasses market valued at around 35% in 2024 due to high consumer spending power. The Asia Pacific region excluding Japan is expected to grow the fastest at a CAGR of over 12% during the forecast period driven by increasing luxury spending in countries like China and India. Rising affluence is driving demand for premium fashion accessories in the region.

Get more insights on Luxury Sunglasses Market

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About Author:

Money Singh is a seasoned content writer with over four years of experience in the market research sector. Her expertise spans various industries, including food and beverages, biotechnology, chemical and materials, defense and aerospace, consumer goods, etc. (https://www.linkedin.com/in/money-singh-590844163)

[dh5ryxhgbctgr]

Heterojunction Battery Hit Market Dynamics and Growth Projections 2024 - 2032

As the demand for efficient and sustainable energy storage solutions continues to rise, heterojunction batteries have emerged as a promising technology. This article explores the heterojunction battery market, examining its definition, technology, key drivers, challenges, and future trends.

Understanding Heterojunction Batteries

What are Heterojunction Batteries?

The heterojunction battery market is poised for significant growth as the global demand for efficient and sustainable energy storage solutions rises. Heterojunction batteries are a type of energy storage technology that combines different semiconductor materials to enhance performance. By integrating materials with varying band gaps, these batteries can achieve higher efficiency and better energy conversion rates. This technology is particularly relevant in the context of renewable energy integration and electric vehicle (EV) applications.

How Heterojunction Batteries Work

Heterojunction batteries utilize a layered structure where different materials interact to optimize electron and hole transport. This design improves charge carrier mobility and reduces recombination losses, leading to higher efficiency and longer lifespan compared to traditional batteries. The unique configuration allows for better performance under varying environmental conditions.

Market Overview

Market Size and Growth

The heterojunction battery market is experiencing significant growth, driven by the increasing demand for high-performance energy storage solutions across various sectors, including consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and renewable energy systems. The global shift towards sustainable energy sources further propels this market.

Key Market Drivers

Rising Demand for Electric Vehicles: The expansion of the electric vehicle market is a significant driver for heterojunction battery adoption, as these batteries offer higher efficiency and energy density, crucial for EV performance.

Integration with Renewable Energy: As more countries commit to renewable energy sources, the need for efficient energy storage solutions becomes paramount. Heterojunction batteries can effectively store energy generated from solar and wind sources.

Technological Advancements: Ongoing research and development in battery technology are leading to improved designs and materials, enhancing the overall performance of heterojunction batteries.

Competitive Landscape

Major Players

The heterojunction battery market features several key players, including:

Tesla, Inc.: Known for its innovation in battery technology, Tesla is actively exploring heterojunction battery designs for its electric vehicles.

LG Energy Solution: A leading battery manufacturer, LG is investing in advanced battery technologies, including heterojunction systems, to improve energy density and efficiency.

Panasonic Corporation: Panasonic is focused on developing high-performance batteries, leveraging heterojunction technology to enhance the capabilities of its energy storage solutions.

Market Challenges

Despite the promising outlook, the heterojunction battery market faces several challenges:

High Production Costs: The complexity of manufacturing heterojunction batteries can lead to higher production costs compared to conventional battery technologies.

Material Availability: The sourcing of specialized materials required for heterojunction batteries can pose supply chain challenges and impact scalability.

Regulatory Hurdles: Compliance with stringent regulations and standards in different regions can complicate market entry for manufacturers.

Future Trends

Innovations Shaping the Market

The heterojunction battery market is expected to witness several emerging trends:

Focus on Sustainability: As the demand for eco-friendly solutions increases, manufacturers are likely to explore sustainable materials and recycling methods for heterojunction batteries.

Increased Energy Density: Research is ongoing to enhance the energy density of heterojunction batteries, making them even more suitable for electric vehicles and grid storage applications.

Integration with Smart Technologies: The rise of smart grids and IoT devices presents opportunities for heterojunction batteries to integrate with intelligent energy management systems, optimizing performance and efficiency.

Conclusion

While challenges such as high production costs and material availability exist, ongoing innovations and the increasing focus on renewable energy integration present exciting opportunities for manufacturers. As technology continues to advance, heterojunction batteries are set to play a crucial role in shaping the future of energy storage in various applications.

[repairservicespoint-blog]

Home Appliances Repair and Services in Faridabad

The appliance is the most utilized and important of household items. One can find them in every home and office. When they start to show signs of wear, it is advisable to get them checked and repaired as soon as possible.

The department of Home Appliances Repair in Faridabad has highly equipped teams that are qualified, skilled, and efficient enough to handle any appliance repair service including dishwasher repair, washing machine repair, fridge repairs etc. The department of Home Appliances Repair and Services in Faridabad offers full service for any such appliance that might need repairs or maintenance services.

Ac Repair Services in Faridabad

The ac repair in Faridabad is a trusted name and has been providing ac repair services to its customers for several years. They have the necessary resources to help you with air-conditioner installation, air-conditioner repair, ductless AC installation and much more.

They want to provide the best standards for their customers on every level by making sure that not only the repairs are done to customer’s satisfaction but also their work ethics and customer service with outdoing each other.

Refrigerator Repair Services in Faridabad

There have been many instances when one can't get the desired result from a refrigerator repair in Faridabad because of time and distance. The sad thing is that one may face an even more serious problem as there could be a gas leak, electrical fault or faulty condenser among other faults which also need to be checked.

In such a scenario, it would suit much better if someone could assess the fault quickly and efficiently and fix it before there's any major damage done. This can be achieved if you opt for Faridabad Refrigerator Repair Services Provider. They will provide you with the right services to ensure your home appliance is not affected due to any kind of fault.

Microwave Oven Repair Services in Faridabad

Microwave ovens are very popular in kitchens and are used for cooking and warming meals. Sometimes there can be some problems with the microwave oven - it may stop working or make strange sounds, produce smells, or emit sparks.

If you are experiencing any of the mentioned problems and looking for microwave repair in Faridabad, you should call for a professional service to get it fixed because exposure to electricity can be hazardous. If you want to avoid risking your safety, please do not try to fix it yourself.

Washing Machine Repair Services in Faridabad

Appliances are an integral part of our life. All of them need some maintenance or repair services for their smooth functioning. Most people don't have the time to learn about every single appliance and their parts, let alone how to fix them when they break down. Washing machine repair in Faridabad will be able to complete these tasks for you and get your appliances working again with minimum hassle.

Repair Services Point is a leading home appliances repair service provider company. We offer home repair services at home in Delhi NCR, Faridabad, Noida, Greater Noida, Faridabad, and Gurgaon in India. We offer fridge repair in Faridabad, washing machine repair in Faridabad, AC repair in Faridabad, and microwave repair in Faridabadfor all types, all models and brands like LG, Samsung, Whirlpool, IFB, Sharp, Godrej, Voltas, Videocon, Panasonic, BlueStart, Hitachi, GE, Haier etc. We have a team of well-educated, skilled, and experienced home appliance repair technicians and mechanics in Faridabad.

Source: https://repairservicespoint.blogspot.com/2024/10/home-appliances-repair-and-services-in.html

[e-dress]

Check out this listing I just added to my Poshmark closet: Vintage Panasonic Auto-Stop Electric Pencil Sharpener Model KP-110 Japan.

[eurosmart]

Những công trình biểu tượng của Nhật Bản tiết kiệm một nửa năng lượng từ công nghệ và giải pháp chiếu sáng hiện đại

Tháp Tokyo Skytree giảm mức tiêu thụ điện năng 43%, còn sân vận động Hanshin Koshien tiết kiệm đến 60% năng lượng từ chiếu sáng bằng việc sử dụng giải pháp và công nghệ LED từ Panasonic. Để ứng phó với biến đổi khí hậu, cả thế giới đang thực hiện chuyển đổi năng lượng. Trong quá trình này, việc tiết kiệm năng lượng vừa giảm chi phí sản xuất, lại tăng hiệu quả năng lượng, giúp nhân loại sớm đạt…

[drillbatteriescom]

Choosing the Right Batteries for Power Tools

The chemistry used in power tool batteries for many years was commonly nickel metal hydride and nickel cadmium. During the past decade, power tools have almost universally converted to lithium-ion (Li-Ion).

The change came as a result of numerous issues, such as higher energy density, lower-toxicity materials, no memory effect and a slower rate of self-discharge. The benefits of Li-Ion technology have allowed higher-demand tools and applications to be battery powered and provide significantly more work per charge. This extended capability, combined with the portability of battery-powered tools, has resulted in a dramatic increase in their use.

A battery is designed to direct its energy along defined pathways in a controlled manner. If the energy finds a different, possibly even uncontrolled path – in some cases weeks after an internal fault occurs – it can result in contact with caustic chemicals, burns from escaping chemicals, fire or explosion. The higher the energy density of a Li-Ion Hitachi drill battery, the greater the potential to cause damage.

Each original equipment manufacturer has its own proprietary control circuitry for the total system, which encompasses the tool, battery and charger, which allows the three components to communicate properly. Manufacturers address numerous design considerations in the construction of their batteries: type and quality of cells; durability of electrical connections; electronic controls in the battery, charger and tool; protective housing; and compliance with standards and third-party certifications.

For all these safety and compliance considerations, batteries are not cross-compatible unless specified by the power tool manufacturer. When buying aftermarket Panasonic drill batteries for power tools, it is important to consult the power tool instruction manual and buy only the batteries recommended by the manufacturer. The Power Tool Institute has developed a special program, Take Care of Your Battery, that aims to encourage safe battery use. Battery storage and disposal

Technicians must maintain battery packs and store them safely, away from paper clips, coins, keys, nails, screws and other small metal objects. These items can make a connection from one terminal to the other, shorting the battery terminals together and causing burns or fire.

Store the battery pack away from extreme temperature conditions. Broken or abused battery packs can leak chemicals that can cause irritation or burns. If a technician comes into contact with these chemicals, flush the area with water immediately. If it contacts the eyes, flush them with water and seek medical help.

Recycle or dispose of battery packs properly to protect the environment and prevent dangerous conditions that can occur if a Li-Ion battery is damaged or punctured after disposal. Battery pack chemistries also can be hazardous to the environment under certain conditions.

Refer to the instructions included with the Snap on battery pack for the proper disposal or recycling of battery packs. Make sure to follow state, local and federal regulations, since Li-Ion batteries cannot be disposed of with regular curbside recycling or trash. Place electrical tape over the battery pack’s terminals before disposing or recycling.