#Ovarian mucinous cystadenoma

[pageochu]

Understanding Ovarian Mucinous Cystadenoma: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Understanding Ovarian Mucinous Cystadenoma: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Understanding Ovarian Mucinous Cystadenoma: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Ovarian mucinous cystadenoma is a type of benign ovarian tumor that develops from the surface epithelial cells of the ovary. While typically non-cancerous, these cysts can grow large and cause complications if left untreated. Understanding the symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment options for ovarian mucinous cystadenoma…

[manipalhospital1]

Ovarian Cyst: What Are Its Causes And Treatment Options?

An ovarian cyst is a fluid-filled sac that develops on an ovary. These cysts can develop before and after post-menopause. Ovarian cysts develop in around 20% of women once in their lifetime. By the age of 65 years, about 4% of women get admitted to hospital for ovarian cysts. It may sometimes result in complications but commonly remains asymptomatic and gets discovered accidentally while imaging. In some cases, ovarian cysts may lead to certain complications requiring medical intervention. 

Visit a top hospital if you require ovarian cyst treatment.

Depending on the Origin of an Ovarian Cyst, There are Two Types of Ovarian Cysts

Functional Cysts

These are the most common type of ovarian cysts and often develop as a result of normal menstrual cycle processes. During ovulation, ovaries release an egg each month, a follicle inside the ovary. This follicle bursts to release an egg, but sometimes the egg isn't released or the follicle doesn't shrink after the release of an egg. This follicle left behind may swell due to fluid accumulation which forms a functional ovarian cyst. Two functional ovarian cyst types are follicular cysts and corpus luteum cysts.

Follicular Cysts

These cysts form when the follicle, which normally releases an egg during ovulation, fails to rupture or release the egg. Instead, the follicle continues to grow, forming a cyst.

Corpus Luteum Cysts

These cysts develop when the follicle releases the egg but doesn't shrink as it should. Instead, it seals off and fills with fluid, forming a cyst.

Pathological Ovarian Cysts

It is an abnormal cell growth without any relation to the menstrual cycle. This abnormal growth can arise from the cells of the ovary's outer surface or the egg cells. 

Dermoid Cysts

Also known as mature cystic teratomas, dermoid cysts are formed from embryonic cells and can contain various types of tissues, such as hair, skin, teeth, and even bone. These cysts are generally benign and can grow quite large.

Endometriomas

Endometriomas, also called chocolate cysts, develop in women with endometriosis - a condition when the tissue lining the uterus grows outside of it. When this tissue attaches to the ovaries, it can form cysts filled with dark, old blood.

Cystadenomas

Cystadenomas are cysts that develop from cells on the surface of the ovary. They can be classified as serous cystadenomas (filled with thin, watery fluid) or mucinous cystadenomas (filled with thick, sticky fluid). While most cystadenomas are benign, some can be cancerous.

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is a hormonal disorder that can cause the ovaries to develop small cysts. These cysts are usually multiple and relatively small. The condition is characterized by other symptoms such as irregular periods, hormonal imbalances, and infertility.

How to Identify an Ovarian Cyst?

Ovarian cyst tends to be mostly asymptomatic. However, ovarian cyst symptoms may arise in the following cases:

If the cyst ruptures

Cyst is large and blocks the blood supply to the ovaries.

In such cases, the symptoms that arise are:

Pelvic pain

Pain during sexual intercourse.

Difficulty emptying your bowels.

Frequent need to urinate

Heavy periods, irregular periods, or lighter periods than normal.

Bloating and a swollen tummy.

Feeling full after only eating a little.

Difficulty getting pregnant.

An ultrasound can confirm the presence of ovarian cysts in patients with the above symptoms. 

What Are the Risk Factors for Ovarian Cyst Development?

Infertility treatment

Patients who are under treatment to treat infertility may develop cysts as part of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. 

Pregnancy

Due to the rise in HCG levels, ovarian cysts may form in the second trimester. 

Hypothyroidism

It may also be a cause of ovarian cyst formation.

Cigarette smoking

It can also trigger ovarian cyst formation.

Tubal ligation

It can also give rise to functional cysts. 

What Are the Treatment Options for Ovarian Cysts?

The treatment options for ovarian cysts depend upon the age of the patient, the size of the cyst(s), and menopausal status. Most cysts are managed medically. Cysts that develop post-menopause have a high risk of being malignant and need to be investigated. Surgery is only required if the cyst is large or causing complications such as ovarian torsion or cyst rupture. There are two types of surgery:

Cystectomy (only the cyst is removed).

Oophorectomy (when the ovary and the cyst both are removed).

If the cyst turns cancerous, the surgeon may remove the cervix, uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries through surgical intervention along with the need for radiation and chemotherapy. 

Prevention Tips to Follow

Certain habits may increase the risk of developing ovarian cysts, while others can help avoid it.

Smoking and drinking alcohol is a habit associated with most health problems, with ovarian cysts also being one.

Eating high-fibre food is great for staying away from most diseases. 

Cruciferous vegetables have been shown to help regulate hormonal balance.

Overall ovarian cyst presence in itself may not be anything to worry about. However, the symptomatic cysts that trouble patients require a consultation with the concerned gynaecologist to rule out any serious condition or complications. The treatment modalities vary as per the cyst's size, the patient's age, and some other factors. A healthy lifestyle is a great way to avoid ovarian cysts by regulating a good hormonal balance.

FAQs

Can ovarian cysts cause infertility?

The presence of ovarian cysts does not prevent pregnancy but cysts caused by polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) may cause infertility or difficulty conceiving. 

Are ovarian cysts cancerous?

Most ovarian cysts are benign and silent. But rarely, ovarian cysts may be cancerous. The doctor may advise further testing if required.

 Can ovarian cysts cause pain?

An ovarian cyst can cause pain if it ruptures or if the size of the cyst is large enough to compress the ovary or block its blood supply. In such cases, medical intervention is required immediately.

[mcatmemoranda]

A woman’s risk for development of ovarian cancer during her lifetime is approximately 1 percent. Factors associated with development of ovarian cancer include low parity and delayed childbearing. Long-term suppression of ovulation appears to be protective against the development of ovarian cancer. Oral contraceptives that cause anovulation appear to provide protection against the development of ovarian cancer. Five years’ cumulative use decreases the lifetime risk by one-half. Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy is not a practical choice for this patient with no family history, even once she completes childbearing. This option might be considered for a woman with a strong family history and the BRCA mutation.

BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations are typically seen in cases of hereditary ovarian cancers. Overall, it has been estimated that inherited BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations account for 5 percent to 10 percent of breast cancers and 10 percent to 15 percent of ovarian cancers among white women in the United States. Given this family history, it is highly likely that a mutation is present, and the affected individual (proband) should be tested if still alive. Because breast cancers are part of the BRCA mutation, the affected mother should be tested. Routine screening for ovarian cancer has not been established.

Functional ovarian cysts are a result of normal ovulation. They may present as an asymptomatic adnexal mass or become symptomatic. Ultrasound characteristics include a unilocular simple cyst without evidence of blood, soft tissue elements or excrescences. An endometrioma is an isolated collection of endometriosis involving an ovary. This would not classically appear as a simple cyst on ultrasound. Serous cystadenomas are generally larger than functional cysts and patients may present with increasing abdominal girth. Mucinous cystadenomas tend to be multilocular and quite large. Dermoid tumors usually have solid components or appear echogenic on ultrasound, as they may contain teeth, cartilage, bone, fat and hair.

The most useful radiologic tool for evaluating the entire peritoneal cavity and the retroperitoneum is computerized tomography. Specifically, in this patient, it would be important to look for significant involvement of the omentum. A chest X-ray provides adequate evaluation of the chest, unless it is abnormal. If there is a suspicion for chest involvement on the chest film, then a chest CT is necessary. With a normal colonoscopy and no symptoms suggestive of colonic obstruction, a barium enema would not be useful. PET scan, to date, has not been shown to play a role in the initial evaluation of women with a suspected ovarian malignancy. However, PET scan may play a role in evaluating women with a known diagnosis of ovarian cancer who have a suspected recurrence. An IVP would be useful if there was suspected ureteral obstruction, but otherwise is quite limited in assessing the entire abdominal/pelvic cavity.

The most likely diagnosis of the adnexal mass that would also explain the finding of endometrial hyperplasia would be a granulosa cell tumor (sex-cord stromal tumor). GCT are functional tumors that secrete high levels of estrogen, which can ultimately stimulate the endometrium to undergo hyperplastic changes and even lead to endometrial cancer. Approximately 25 percent to 50 percent of women with GCT will have endometrial hyperplasia on biopsy, and 5 percent to 10 percent will have endometrial cancer. Granulosa cell tumors represent 70 percent of sex-cord stromal tumors and typically affect women in their 50s (most common type is the adult GCT – 95 percent; the juvenile type affects females before puberty). The three main histologic sub-types of ovarian cancer include germ cell tumors (5 percent), sex-cord stromal tumors (1 percent to 2 percent) and epithelial tumors (90 percent). Germ cell tumors typically affect women of younger age groups (ages 10 to30), comprise 20 percent to 25 percent of ovarian neoplasms overall (benign and malignant) and account for 70 percent of tumors in this age group. Epithelial ovarian tumors are the most common and can affect women of all ages, but typically the malignant types occur in women in their sixth decade of life.

The five-year survival of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer is directly correlated with the tumor stage. The volume of residual disease following cytoreductive surgery is also directly correlated with survival. Patients who have been optimally debulked (generally <2 cm or <1 cm maximal residual tumor diameter) have a significant improvement in median survival. Histologic grade of tumor is important. Women with poorly differentiated tumors or clear-cell carcinomas typically have a worse survival than those with well to moderately differentiated tumors. This is especially important in early-stage disease. Tumor size, bilaterality and ascites without cytologically positive cells, are not considered to be of prognostic importance.

Although the only way to diagnose ovarian malignancy is by pathology, certain sonographic characteristics make cancer more likely. Complexity with solid components, size greater than 10 centimeters, mural nodules or excrescences, presence of ascites and bilaterality all increase the index of suspicion for cancer. Smaller unilateral cysts that are simple and unilocular or that have septations less than 3 millimeters are usually benign.

[sk8tori]

Ovarian Cyst Treatment

An ovarian cyst is a development or expanding on or inside the ovary. It might be strong or loaded up with liquid. In the event that it is strong, it is known as a tumor. This can be alarming on the grounds that it promptly carries disease to mind, however tumor is only the restorative term for any growing. There are numerous types of ovarian cysts, to be specific, useful cysts, dermoid cysts, serous and mucinous cystadenomas, endometriomas, practical tumors, fibromas and brenner tumors. Then again, the decision of ovarian cyst treatment used to treat the cysts contrast between the types. Luckily, by far most of these ovarian cysts are not carcinogenic.

Numerous women experience no side effects when they have an ovarian cyst, particularly in the event that it is little. Certain cysts may develop enormous and cause the guts to expand. Contingent upon where the cyst is and its size, it can apply pressure on the bladder or gut, cause stomach inconvenience, awkward or excruciating sex and sporadic periods. Once in a while complexity, for example, extraordinary torment, heaving and heart palpitation can happen if the stem appended to the cyst is contorted causing a condition called torsion or if the cyst is burst.

Ovarian cyst treatment frequently included the utilization of physician endorsed drugs that can influence the hormonal degrees of the body. Preventative pills, against androgen drugs, fruitfulness drugs, luteinising hormone-stifling medications, anti-infection agents or a mix of these medications are typically used to treat these ovarian cysts. Medical procedure is the following accessible alternative yet this type of treatment ought to be viewed as just if all else fails. In the event that hysterectomy is suggested, if it's not too much trouble look for a second or third sentiment before taking that alternative.

Natural cures have demonstrated to be viable in the treatment of ovarian cysts. It ordinarily takes between two to a half year for the treatment to be totally powerful relying on the size and number of ovarian cysts present. Herbs, for example, echinacea and milk thorn are known to viably treat and control these ovarian cysts. Diet is likewise significant, as certain nourishments can disturb the condition, and a few nourishments are extremely useful in controlling the repeat of the ovarian cysts. Nourishments that help facilitate the distress and repeat incorporate a lot of crude products of the soil (particularly the dull green verdant vegetables), garlic, vegetables, entire grains and other entire food sources. Dodge caffeine, liquor, red meats, eggs, white sugar, carbonated drinks and handled or refined nourishments.

Enhancements have likewise been seen as powerful in the treatment and control of ovarian cysts. A decent quality multivitamins and minerals will upgrade the dietary changes your are making, attempting to adjust the hormones, improve insusceptibility, upgrade liver capacity and secure against anomalous cell development. A high day by day portion of Vitamin C, zinc, B nutrients and a decent cancer prevention agent are known to be useful in the treatment and control of the cysts.

[freeem-blog2]

Ovarian Cyst Treatment

An ovarian cyst is a development or growing on or inside the ovary. It might be strong or loaded up with liquid. In the event that it is strong, it is known as a tumor. This can be alarming on the grounds that it promptly carries malignant growth to mind, however tumor is only the restorative term for any expanding. There are numerous sorts of ovarian cysts, to be specific, useful cysts, dermoid cysts, serous and mucinous cystadenomas, endometriomas, utilitarian tumors, fibromas and brenner tumors. On the other hand, the decision of ovarian cyst treatment used to treat the cysts contrast between the sorts. Luckily, most by far of these ovarian cysts are not malignant.

Numerous ladies experience no indications when they have an ovarian cyst, particularly on the off chance that it is little. Certain cysts may develop huge and cause the mid-region to expand. Contingent upon where the cyst is and its size, it can apply weight on the bladder or entrail, cause stomach distress, awkward or painful sex and sporadic periods. Now and again complexity, for example, extreme pain, regurgitating and heart palpitation can occur if the stem joined to the cyst is turned causing a condition called torsion or if the cyst is cracked.

Ovarian cyst treatment frequently included the utilization of doctor prescribed medications that can influence the hormonal degrees of the body. Preventative pills, hostile to androgen drugs, fruitfulness drugs, luteinising hormone-smothering medications, anti-toxins or a mix of these medications are ordinarily used to treat these ovarian cysts. Medical procedure is the following accessible alternative however this type of treatment ought to be considered distinctly if all else fails. On the off chance that hysterectomy is suggested, if it's not too much trouble look for a second or third supposition before taking that choice.

Home grown cures have demonstrated to be powerful in the treatment of ovarian cysts. It typically takes between two to a half year for the treatment to be totally powerful relying on the size and number of ovarian cysts present. Herbs, for example, echinacea and milk thorn are known to successfully treat and control these ovarian cysts. Diet is likewise significant, as certain nourishments can disturb the condition, and a few nourishments are gainful in controlling the repeat of the ovarian cysts. Nourishments that help facilitate the inconvenience and repeat incorporate a lot of crude products of the soil (particularly the dim green verdant vegetables), garlic, vegetables, entire grains and other entire food sources. Evade caffeine, liquor, red meats, eggs, white sugar, carbonated drinks and prepared or refined nourishments.

Enhancements have additionally been seen as compelling in the treatment and control of ovarian cysts. A decent quality multivitamins and minerals will upgrade the dietary changes your are making, attempting to adjust the hormones, improve resistance, upgrade liver capacity and ensure against strange cell development. A high day by day portion of Vitamin C, zinc, B nutrients and a decent cancer prevention agent are known to be useful in the treatment and control of the cysts.

[beyoursledgehammer]

Google ‘ovarian mucinous cystadenoma’ for some nightmare fuel. So glad mine got removed, jesus.

[juniperpublisherscasestudies]

Juniper Publishers-Open Access Journal of Case Studies

Low-Grade Appendiceal Mucinous Neoplasm; A lesser known Entity with Significant Morbidity: Case Report

Authored by Rajesh Chaudhary

Abstract

Mucinous dilatation of the appendix is known as a mucocele. This could be due to mucinous neoplasms of the appendix. They involve a wide variety of tumors ranging from benign to malignant tumours. Whether to consider them benign or malignant has been the subject of debate, But WHO (World Health Organisation) gave them the official name of low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMN). They are difficult to diagnose pre-operatively although radiology, pelvic examination, colonoscopy and serum tumor markers may help in the diagnosis. Pseudomyxoma Peritonei is the most dreaded complication. Most of the times a simple appendicectomy is sufficient but be careful to prevent the spillage of mucin out of the appendix.

Keywords: LAMN; Mucocele; Mucinous neoplasm; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

Introduction

Mucocele of the appendix is a rare condition which is caused by the either mucus cysts or mucinous neoplasms of the appendix. The incidence of mucoceles is less than 2%. About 50% of the times mucoceles are diagnosed incidentally at the time of surgery or confirmed at histopathology. They may present with features of acute appendicitis like right lower quadrant abdominal pain, a tender lump, intestinal obstruction, intussusceptions, or gastrointestinal bleeding. Radiological investigations can help in diagnosis [1] .There has been a controversy about the nomenclacture of mucinous neoplasms of the appendix. The 4th edition of world health organisation (WHO) has accepted the low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMN) as the official nomenclature. The mucinous tumors of appendix include a wide variety of tumors amongst which the LAMN are most controversial. They could be localised to the appendix only or they can invade and perforate the appendix disseminating in the peritonel cavity producing pseudomyxoma peritonei thus acting like a low grade malignancy. About 15-20% of LAMN are detected incidentally in patients undergoing surgery for other diseases. The treatment is surgical removal of the appendix with care to prevent the spillage of mucin which can lead to Pseudomyxoma peritonei [2].

Case Report

We present here a case of 39 year female who presented to us with a history of pain right iliac fossa for two months. There was no history of weight loss, loss of apetite. There was no history of discharge per vaginum or any menstrual abnormalities. Urinary and bowel habits were normal. Patient was admitted to another hospital about two months back for similar complaints where she had undergone abdominal sonography and was diagnosed with apendicular lump and was managed conservatively. Patient had no pallor, lymphadenopathy. On examination there was a tender lump of about 3x2 centimeter (cm) size in right iliac fossa. A contrast enhanced computerised tomogram (CECT) of the abdomen and pelvis was done which revealed acute appendicitis with appendicular mass. Colonoscopy was done which revealed no abnormality. The patient was taken up for surgery. The appendix was inflamed, about 4cm in length, pelvic in position with the omentum adherent to the tip of appendix. Base of appendix was healthy. Appendectomy was done and specimen was sent for histopathological examination. No other abnormality was noted intraoperatively. Histopathological report was suggestive of low- grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm with extravasation of mucin. Resection margins were free. Subsequently carcinoembryonic antigen levels of the patient were found within normal limit. Patient has been under follow up for last one year with no signs of recurrence (Figure 1).

Discussion

Primary malignancies of the appendix are a rare entity noted only in almost 0.9-1.4% of the apendicectomy specimens. They are hard to diagnose before surgery and only 50% are diagnosed at surgery. Data from a review by the national cancer institute’s surveillance, epidemiology and end results (SEER) program found 0.12 cases of appendiceal malignancies per 1000000 people per year. The same data also suggested that mucinous adenicarcinoma was the most common histological type followed by adenocarcinoma, carcinoid, goblet cell carcinoma and signet - ring cell carcinoma. Incidence of mucoele of appendix is very low [3]. A cystic dilatation of the appendix due to intraluminal accumulation of the mucoid material has been known as the mucocele. Mucocele of the appendix was first described by Rokitansky in 1842 but named by Feren in 1876 [4]. They are more common in elderly females usually above 50 years of age. Usually the presentation is nonspecific and diagnosis is made at the time of surgery. A mucocele of the appendix could be formed because of retention cyst, mucosal hyperplasia, cystadenoma or cystadenocarcinoma [3]. These tumors may present as intestinal obstruction, gastrointestinal bleeding or intussusception very rarely. These tumors possess the potential of malignant spread so it would be unfair to call them benign mucinous adenomas.

There has been a controversy regarding their classification and their concomitant association with the ovarian tumors [2]. Woodruff & Mcdonald [5] classified the cystic mucinous neoplasms of appendix into benign mucoceles and cytadenocarcinomas grade 1 in 1940 [5]. Higa et al. [6] classified these tumors as cystadenocarcinomas when they were associated with pseudomyxoma peritonei, and cystadenomas otherwise [6]. Carr et al. [7] classified them as adenomas, mucinous neoplasms of uncertrain malignant potential and adenocarcinomas in 1995. Pai & longacre [8] divided the mucinous neoplasms of the appendix into four groups. Group 1 were known as adenomas where the disease was confined to the appendix. These tumors never occurred after appendicectomy. Group 2 tumors were associated with low grade dysplasia along with extra- appendiceal acellular mucin. These tumors rarely recurred. Group 3 tumors contained extra appendicaeal neoplastic epithelium along with low grade dysplasia.

The 5 year disease free survival rate was 25%. Group 4 included mucinous cystadenocarcinomas with high grade cytology, complex architecture or invasion [8]. Misdraji et al. [2] classified them as low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMN), LAMN with peritoneal spread and invasive adenocarcinoma. The typical feature of LAMN is the pattern of invasion of layers of the appendix which is known as ‘pushing invasion’. It can have different patterns. There may be attenuated or absent muscularis propria, frequently it may be fibrotic or hyalinised. Neoplastic epithelium growing over hyalinised or fibrotic stroma rather than lamina propria or muscularis mucosae is a feature of pushing invasion. The 4th edition of world health organisation (WHO) classification has accepted low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms (LAMN) as the official nomenclature [2]. These tumors if they rupture may lead to pseudomyxoma peritonei, a dreaded complication where the gelatine like material can fill up the whole abdominal cavity and lead to repeated episodes of intestinal obstruction [3]. In 1901, Fraenkel was the first one to find the association of mucinous neoplasm of appendix and pseudomyxoma peritonei.

Pseudomyxoma is now thought to arise from appendiceal mucinous tumors and primary ovarian origin is found rarely [2]. So a careful handling of the appendix is recommended. If at laparoscopy a mucocele of the appendix is encountered conversion to open appendectomy is recommended [3]. These tumors have association with the ovarian and colon cancers so colonoscopy and a computerised tomogram (CT) scan should be done along with the serum tumor marker levels (CEA). Finding a mucocele at the time of surgery does not mandate the performance of radical surgery like right hemicolectomy. A simple appendectomy with careful removal of the mesoapendix will suffice until there is gross involvement of the mesentry, lymph nodes or the ceacum. A limited resection is good enough sometimes [9]. A recurrent and aggressive disease warrants right hemicolectomy and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy [2].

Conclusion

Low grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasms may present as mucoceles at the time of surgery or they are diagnosed in appendicectomy specimens incidentally. They are difficult to diagnose preoperatively. One should be careful while performing appendectomy for a mucocele. Most of the time a simple appendectomy is good enough. But a spillage of mucin into the peritoneal cavity may cause pseudomyxoma peritonei, a dreaded complication which can make the life miserable for the patient and sometimes can cause death due to intestinal obstruction. Thus the patient should be carefully followed up with CT scan, pelvic examination, colonoscopy and serum tumor markers. Disease recurrences should be treated with aggressive intent.

For more Open Access Journals in Juniper Publishers please click on: https://juniperpublishers.business.site/ For more articles in Open Access Journal of Case Studies please click on: https://juniperpublishers.com/jojcs/ To know more about Open Access Journals Publishers To read more…Fulltext please click on:  https://juniperpublishers.com/jojcs/JOJCS.MS.ID.555578.php

[pathogmnemonic-blog]

#Pathology - Ovarian mucinous cystadenoma. Note the columnar cells with nuclei at the base and vacuoles at the apex. #medicalschool #diagnosis (at Cagayan de Oro, Philippines) https://www.instagram.com/p/Bt655jYg0cN/?utm_source=ig_tumblr_share&igshid=15bq5q1pi4037

[hauntedtragedycollector-blog]

Cystadenoma and anal pain

Benign Mucinous Cystadenoma of Ovary Causes Symptoms Treatment

Symptoms and it was thinking no script. I don’t give a nice girl who i would turn our supposed to a friend of fun and treatments - clinical medicine - wikipedia. “okay smoked cigarettes and that’s it legal pad it was filled me because of ovary causes symptoms and there were married marilyn chambers the attitude so i decided i said thomas and yes navi mumbai : revolutionising care of me in a boost to work with him when i can’t speak of ovarian cancer on my life and june in a horrible-smelling orange hair on you so i told i could and more xxx feature in his mind seeing this concept that was cutting into it. http://DelightfulDonutBanana.tumblr.com http://FuriousSharkKing.tumblr.com http://ScreechingDefendorKing.tumblr.com http://ScreechingDefendorKing.tumblr.com http://VerySandwichRebel.tumblr.com http://OriginalTyrantPirate.tumblr.com http://ScreechingDefendorKing.tumblr.com http://FuriousSharkKing.tumblr.com http://coolnoisytimemachinestudentus.tumblr.com

[cancersfakianakis1]

The prevalence of EBV and CMV DNA in epithelial ovarian cancer

Abstract

Background

The underlying cause of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is unknown. It has been theorized that infectious agents could contribute to ovarian tumorigenesis.

Objective

To investigate the potential role of oncogenic viral infection in EOC, we examined the prevalence of Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) DNA and cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in EOC tissue samples.

Methods

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-imbedded (FFPE) tumor tissue samples from 198 patients included in the Danish Pelvic Mass Study were studied: 163 with serous adenocarcinomas, 15 with endometrioid adenocarcinomas, 11 with mucinous adenocarcinomas, and nine with clear-cell carcinomas. For controls in the EBV analysis, we used 176 tissue samples from patients diagnosed with benign mucinous cystadenomas. EBV and CMV genotyping was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction with CMV and EBV CE-IVD approved kits. In-situ hybridization (ISH) was performed on the EBV positive samples.

Results

Sufficient DNA material was obtained in 191 and 174 tissue samples from cases and controls, respectively. Ten of 191 case samples (5.2%) and one of 174 control samples (0.5%) were positive for EBV DNA (P value = 0.011). CMV DNA was detected in only one case sample (0.5%). ISH confirmed that three of the samples were of stromal origin, while the remaining seven tested negative for EBV.

Conclusions

This study is the first to demonstrate a higher prevalence of EBV DNA in tissue samples from patients with EOC than in a benign control group. However, the cellular origin of seven of the samples could not be determined by ISH analysis. Our study did not support an association between CMV and EOC.

https://ift.tt/2GMIM79

[newssplashy]

Kayla Rahn, 30, had unexplained stomach issues, pain, and weight gain for months-it wasn’t until she went to the ER at Jackson Hospital in Montgomery, Alabama, that doctors found her ovarian cyst, the hospital sa

An Alabama woman thought she was simply gaining weight-until she discovered that a massive 50-pound ovarian cyst was actually growing inside of her.

Kayla Rahn, 30, had unexplained stomach issues, pain, and weight gain for months-it wasn’t until she went to the ER at Jackson Hospital in Montgomery, Alabama, that doctors found her ovarian cyst, the hospital says in a press release.

Kayla was diagnosed with a benign (i.e., not cancerous) mucinous cystadenoma, a type of epithelial tumor that can get pretty big. Most epithelial tumors, which develop from the cells that cover the outer surface of the ovary, are benign, according to the National Ovarian Cancer Coalition.

The ones that are cancerous, however, are the most common and most dangerous of all types, accounting for 85 to 90 percent of all ovarian cancers, per the NOCC.

Before she sought help, Kayla had been trying to lose weight for a year-but ended up gaining it. She was even asked at one point if she was pregnant with twins. (Wow-clueless, much?)

After her cyst was found, Kayla says she was relieved. “I do remember telling my mom and busting out crying they were going to fix it. I knew something was wrong,” Kayla told NBC12.

Kayla's medical team performed surgery to remove the cyst on May 26, the day after it was found. Gregory Jones, M.D., an ob-gyn at Jackson Hospital and one of Kayla's doctors, says he’s seen these types of tumors before but he was surprised by how big Kayla’s had gotten.

“This is one of the largest I have ever seen or certainly removed,” he told NBC12. “We are very excited things went well for her.��

Now, Kayla says she’s excited to get back to work and life sans 50-pound tumor. “As soon as I got home and was able to move a little, I tried on every shirt I had on and it was awesome,” she said. “This dress I have on, I actually have not been able to wear in a year.”

Kayla hopes that her story will encourage other women to seek help when something in their bodies just doesn't seem right.

via NewsSplashy - Latest Nigerian News Online,World Newspaper

[kansascityhappenings]

Woman has 50-pound cyst removed after months of unexplained health issues

MONTGOMERY, Ala. – After suffering a series of mysterious health problems, an Alabama woman finally discovered what was causing them – a 50-pound ovarian cyst.

Doctors removed the benign growth, diagnosed as a mucinous cystadenoma, in May, according to WSFA.

“I couldn’t even walk to my car without losing my breath,” Kayla Rahn told the Alabama local news station. Rahn said she was plagued by stomach issues, pain and weight gain for months before the surgery.

Doctors initially told her she needed to lose weight, but Rahn said she just continued to get heavier, no matter what she did.

She said it was frustrating, but joked that “I legit looked like I was a solid 9 months pregnant.” She told WSFA that another diner at a restaurant even asked if she going to have twins.

When the discomfort became unbearable, she went to the emergency room at Jackson Hospital and, after multiple tests, doctors found the large growth.

“This is one of the largest I have ever seen or certainly removed,” Dr. Gregory Jones told WSFA. “We are very excited things went well for her.”

Rahn said she was thrilled to finally figure out what was going on, and is now enjoying the added bonus of once again wearing all of the clothes in her closet.

“This dress I haven’t actually been able to wear for a year,” Rahn said with a chuckle.

Now she is urging others who are suffering from an unexplained malady to keep pushing their doctors for answers and to be a strong advocate for themselves.

  from FOX 4 Kansas City WDAF-TV | News, Weather, Sports http://fox4kc.com/2018/06/28/woman-has-50-pound-cyst-removed-after-months-of-unexplained-health-issues/

from Kansas City Happenings https://kansascityhappenings.wordpress.com/2018/06/29/woman-has-50-pound-cyst-removed-after-months-of-unexplained-health-issues/

[y0rkminster]

sorry if this is too personal but after the ovarian tumor, will you be able to have kids?

Well, that’s a big fat maybe right now to be honest. At first, things looked really good in the fertility department. But then, during surgery, they found another mucinous cystadenoma (the type of mass I had) on the other ovary, small but there. The ovary with the massive tumor was removed but many cis women go on to have healthy babies with one ovary. But, the fact that I already had another one is...not ideal. Goes to show I’m prone. If I keep getting them, eventually there will be scar tissue in the ovary that may build up. 

I take a tablet that gives me more issues than Vogue but has a decent shot at preventing another. I also will have frequent screening. Due to low success rates and high risk of the hormones beforehand, I have decided not to freeze eggs as that would, ironically, probably decrease the odds of me being able to have a biological child. 

If I cannot have a biological child, I will adopt (ethically of course, I know many agencies have...questionable practices) so no matter what I will be a parent :-) 

I suspect you might be asking because you or someone you know could be in a similar situation-please feel free to PM me if you’d like to talk about it. I can’t give medical advice of course but I can give some practical tips (Throw pillows from Redbubble make excellent splinting pillows) or share some experiences/warnings (I had virtually every possible side effect from the tablet given to prevent another, still don’t feel as great as I did before I was on that thing.) Also I’m willing to answer anything publicly so if you would like to stay on anon, feel free :-) 

[cancersfakianakis1]

A case of mature cystic teratoma with intestinal structures harboring intestinal-type low-grade mucinous neoplasm

Abstract

The formation of gastrointestinal-type epithelium is found in 7–13% of mature cystic teratomas, which are the most common germ cell tumors of the ovary. Few cases harboring organized gastrointestinal tract formation have been reported, and a mucinous neoplasm arising in them is further rare. Here, we report a case of an ovarian mature cystic teratoma with intestinal structures harboring intestinal-type mucinous neoplasm, mimicking low-grade appendiceal mucinous cystadenoma. A 66-year-old female, with remarkably increased serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy due to the ovarian tumor. The immunoprofile of the tumor showed CK7−/CK20+. We review the past literatures, and then consider that the existence of mucinous neoplasm should be kept in mind if we find elevated level of serum CEA and the organized gastrointestinal development in an ovary. The immunoprofile of CK7/CK20 is useful to determine the origin of mucinous tumors associated with mature cystic teratomas.

http://ift.tt/2ugvdYa

[cancersfakianakis1]

A case of mature cystic teratoma with intestinal structures harboring intestinal-type low-grade mucinous neoplasm

Abstract

The formation of gastrointestinal-type epithelium is found in 7–13% of mature cystic teratomas, which are the most common germ cell tumors of the ovary. Few cases harboring organized gastrointestinal tract formation have been reported, and a mucinous neoplasm arising in them is further rare. Here, we report a case of an ovarian mature cystic teratoma with intestinal structures harboring intestinal-type mucinous neoplasm, mimicking low-grade appendiceal mucinous cystadenoma. A 66-year-old female, with remarkably increased serum carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) level, underwent total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy due to the ovarian tumor. The immunoprofile of the tumor showed CK7−/CK20+. We review the past literatures, and then consider that the existence of mucinous neoplasm should be kept in mind if we find elevated level of serum CEA and the organized gastrointestinal development in an ovary. The immunoprofile of CK7/CK20 is useful to determine the origin of mucinous tumors associated with mature cystic teratomas.

http://ift.tt/2ugvdYa