#Olgivanna Lloyd Wright

[victusinveritas]

 Chrese Evans, a 54-year old Buddhist antique shop owner from Portland, Oregon who is also Joseph Stalin's granddaughter. Of course she's a fan of Tank Girl.

From the Wikipedia entry on her father: In 1935, Peters married [Frank Lloyd] Wright's step-daughter, Svetlana Hinzenberg Wright (1917–1946), who had just turned eighteen years old. Together, Svetlana and Wes had two children:

Brandoch Peters (1941–2022), a cello prodigy who spent most of his adult life raising sheep. Daniel Peters (1944–1946), who died aged two in an automobile accident with his mother. Svetlana, who was pregnant with their third child, and their son Daniel died in an automobile accident in 1946, after which Peters raised their other son, Brandoch, though he spent most of his youth with the Wrights since Peters was travelling for work often.

Peters later briefly married Svetlana Alliluyeva (1926–2011),[10] the youngest child and only daughter of Joseph Stalin, in a union arranged by his former mother-in-law, Olgivanna Lloyd Wright. Before their marriage on April 12, 1970, Alliluyeva had defected from the Soviet Union, renounced her father's tyrannical rule and come to the United States in 1967. Before divorcing in 1973, the couple had one daughter:

Olga Peters (later known as Chrese Evans) (b. 1971).

[ecomamagreencleanscottsdale]

Experience Architectural Genius at Taliesin West: Frank Lloyd Wright's Desert Masterpiece

Perched in the serene foothills of the McDowell Mountains, Taliesin West in Scottsdale, Arizona, is more than just a building—it’s a living testament to the creative genius of Frank Lloyd Wright. This National Historic Landmark is a must-visit for architecture enthusiasts, history buffs, and anyone seeking inspiration from one of the most influential architects of the 20th century.

What Is Taliesin West?

Taliesin West served as Frank Lloyd Wright’s winter home, studio, and architectural laboratory from 1937 until his death in 1959. Built almost entirely by Wright and his apprentices, the complex reflects his deep connection to the desert landscape and his innovative use of natural materials. Today, Taliesin West is home to the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation and is open to the public for guided tours and educational programs.

Highlights of Taliesin West

Unique Architecture Wright’s design blends

seamlessly with the surrounding desert. Using local materials like sand and stone, the structures appear as though they naturally grew out of the landscape. The angled roofs, geometric patterns, and expansive windows showcase Wright’s ability to harmonize architecture with the environment.

The Studio and Drafting Room Step inside Wright’s creative sanctuary where his ideas came to life. This space exudes the spirit of innovation and collaboration, featuring original drafting tables and tools used by Wright and his apprentices.

Wright's Living Quarters Explore the private spaces where Wright and his wife, Olgivanna, lived. The living room, dining area, and bedrooms offer insight into their lifestyle and how Wright’s principles extended into his personal life.

Theater Pavilion Designed for intimate performances and gatherings, the theater demonstrates Wright’s mastery of acoustics and space. Even today, it’s used for cultural events, lectures, and performances.

Night Tours Taliesin West takes on a magical glow during evening tours. Illuminated pathways and starlit skies provide a new perspective on Wright’s desert masterpiece.

Why Visit Taliesin West?

Inspiration from Nature: Wright’s philosophy of organic architecture is vividly displayed at Taliesin West, making it a unique learning experience for visitors.

A Glimpse into History: As a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the complex tells the story of Wright’s pioneering contributions to modern architecture.

Interactive Experiences: The guided tours are both informative and engaging, featuring knowledgeable guides who share anecdotes about Wright’s life and work.

Plan Your Visit

Location: 12621 N Frank Lloyd Wright Blvd, Scottsdale, AZ 85259

Hours: Open year-round, with varying hours depending on the season. Check the official Taliesin West website for current times and availability.

Tickets: Several tour options are available, from standard guided tours to in-depth experiences for architecture aficionados. Booking in advance is recommended.

Amenities: The site includes a gift shop featuring unique Wright-inspired merchandise and books.

Tips for Visitors

Wear comfortable shoes, as some tours involve walking on uneven surfaces.

Bring a hat, sunglasses, and water if visiting during warmer months.

Don’t forget your camera—Taliesin West offers countless photo opportunities!

Why Taliesin West Matters

Taliesin West isn’t just a museum; it’s a vibrant center for education and inspiration. It represents Wright’s belief in creating spaces that honor nature and enrich the human spirit. Visiting Taliesin West is not only a journey through architectural innovation but also a reflection on how design shapes our connection to the world.

Discover Taliesin West

Whether you're a local Arizonan or a visitor from afar, Taliesin West offers an unparalleled experience of creativity and heritage. Book your tour today and step into the mind of a true visionary.

Let Taliesin West inspire your imagination and deepen your appreciation for architecture, art, and the natural beauty of the Sonoran Desert!

[the-women-14]

Unveiling the Power of Women: A Journey Through "The Women" Novel

Step into the world of "The Women," where the echoes of feminine strength and resilience reverberate through the pages of T.C. Boyle's captivating novel. In this immersive journey, we're transported back to early 20th-century America, where the lives of four remarkable women intertwine with the brilliance of renowned architect Frank Lloyd Wright.

Meet Mamah Borthwick Cheney, a woman driven by her passions and dreams, who defies societal norms to pursue her own path alongside Wright. Through Mamah's eyes, we witness the struggles and triumphs of a woman ahead of her time, grappling with love, ambition, and the pursuit of happiness.

But Mamah's story is not hers alone. Alongside her, we encounter Miriam Noel, a fiery dancer whose tempestuous relationship with Wright ignites sparks of jealousy and insecurity. Olgivanna Milanoff, a serene Serbian dancer, brings a sense of stability and renewal to Wright's life, anchoring him in times of chaos. And Kitty Tobin, a Southern belle with a charm all her own, captivates Wright's heart with her vivacity and spirit.

As we delve deeper into the lives of these women, we're drawn into a tapestry of emotions, desires, and aspirations that resonate with the human experience. Through Boyle's evocative prose, we're invited to explore the complexities of love, friendship, and identity, and to reflect on our own journeys of self-discovery and growth.

In "The Women," we find not just characters on a page, but reflections of ourselves and the women who have shaped our lives. Their stories, though set in a different time and place, speak to the universal truths of resilience, courage, and the enduring power of the human spirit.

So, join us on this unforgettable journey through "The Women" and rediscover the magic of storytelling in all its human glory. Allow yourself to be swept away by the passions and dreams of these extraordinary women, and emerge with a renewed appreciation for the strength and beauty of the feminine soul. In their stories, you'll find echoes of your own struggles and triumphs, and perhaps even a glimpse of the limitless possibilities that lie within each of us.

[veredes]

La secta (II). La ratonera | José Ramón Hernández Correa

Svetlana Alilúyeva siempre mantuvo que no sabía por qué había ido a Taliesin, y, en todo caso, no podía entender por qué se había quedado allí más de dos días (se quedó más de dos años), se había casado con Wesley Peters y había tenido una hija. Pero vamos poco a poco.

De entre los miles de personas que querían conocer a Svetlana, invitarla a sus casas, comer con ella, contarle sus vidas, etc, sobresalió y se impuso Olgivanna Lloyd Wright. Ella la entendía taaannn profundamente, se sentía taaannn próxima a la pobrecita, podía ayudarla taaannnto…

[...]

[literaryspaces]

Taliesin

5607 County Road C Spring Green, WI 53588 (608) 588-7900 tours@taliesinpreservation.org taliesinpreservation.org I visited Taliesin in August 2022 in Spring Green, Wis., hometown of Frank Lloyd Wright. I took a flight to Chicago and an inexpensive Coach USA bus that travels from O'Hare Airport to Janesville, Wis. From there, I took a cab for the 45-minute ride to Spring Green.

Taliesin sits in the middle of a hilly rural region. The visitor center overlooks a river that divides two counties.

A bus took my tour group from the visitor center to the outbuildings and home. The tour is of the third version of the home.

Taliesin tour bus at visitor center Frank Lloyd Wright began work on An Autobiography here in 1925. His wife, Olgivanna Hinzenberg Wright, encouraged him to put his thoughts on paper. Wright stated, "But for her this book were never written."

Wright began work on the book in 1925. The book was expanded in 1943. Olgivanna was an editor and proofreader of his work.

Kyle Dockery, collections manager, stated that Wright most likely wrote his drafts by hand in his drafting studio at Taliesin III. Either Olgivanna or his secretary, Gene Masselink, typed his documents after he wrote them.

Dockery says that Wright had a desk in his bedroom at Taliesin III. "He was a prolific napper," he says. Wright often woke up in the middle of the night with an idea. He wrote it down in his bedroom.

View from the top of the hill Wright commented about his happy, busy days working at home: "Taliesin life at this time, not too late, is one continuous round of movement, usually in happy rhythms ending in sound sleep for all…only to begin again with play and laughter at sunrise, settling down after breakfast into serious work that is play too -- for we love the work we do, even when we are all adding tired to tired and adding it again."

He also valued education. "All this family was imbued with the idea of education as salvation," he stated. "Education it was that made man out of the brute and saved him from the beast. Education it was…that unlocked the stores of beauty to let it come crowding in on every side at every gate."

Wright made sure that his children received a good education. He valued music and ensured that each learned a musical instrument. He sent his female and male children to colleges and universities.

Taliesin today

Wright found truth sacred. His family motto was "Truth Against the World." On a plaque at his Oak Park home, he wrote, "Truth Is Life."

"I know that recounting facts does not constitute truth," he wrote. "Truth lies deeper. It is something we can feel but seldom touch with facts. So I am better off to have got the facts on record."

Wright notes in An Autobiography that he continued his work on the manuscript when he rented a cabin near Minneapolis. Olgivanna went with him. He wrote by hand and gave his notes to a typist named Maud Devine.

In the 40s and 50s, Wright's apprentices edited his work. Wright's pamphlets and brochures were printed at Taliesin III. A set of murders took place on the grounds. Wright gave some clues about the case in An Autobiography. John Vogelsang worked with Wright on Midway Gardens. He recommended Julian Carlton, the supposed murderer, to Wright and said he was "an ideal servant."

Wright had a disagreement with Vogelsang in Chicago while they were working on Midway Gardens. Wright stated, "Money troubles now. Anxiety. Anger. But still hopes and active promises aplenty." He was in this frame of mind when the murders occurred.

Is there a possibility that Wright had an anger problem? We know from Death in a Prairie House that his mother did. She was accused of beating a child on the back with a rubber mallet. We know that she was unhappy with Wright over his marriage to Catherine Tobin. Throughout his life, Wright seemed to have problems separating from his paramours without conflict.

Another view He stayed, alone, after the murders, at Taliesin. He had one person standing guard with a rifle while he stayed there. He said the sky was black and there was no spiritual presence of the deceased. Mamah Cheney was "utterly gone." Perhaps he was trying to extract her, like a spirit, from the home.

Wright and his son John buried her in an unmarked grave at his family cemetery. He was buried there, instead of at Taliesin West, next to Mamah Cheney's grave. Olgivanna's daughter had him exhumed and buried in Taliesin West.

Miriam Noel was Wright's next paramour. She had written to Wright as a fan. He had burned all of the letters sent to him, unread, about Mamah Cheney's murder. He accepted Noel's letter and agreed to meet with her in person.

Their affair lasted several months. Then, like the Mamah Cheney affair, trouble occurred. In this case, Miriam Noel was high-strung and often emotionally disturbed. She was difficult to get along with. He eventually separated from her.

A second fire occurred at Taliesin thereafter. The "living half of Taliesin" always burned, he recalled. The work half or studio remained each time. This was an indication that no matter how fiery his personal relationships, his professional ones remained intact.

Miriam Noel died in a sanitorium after being in a coma several months. Wright called to make sure she was deceased. He said in his book that she was insane. By then, he had remarried and was with Olgivanna.

Olgivanna Lloyd Wright was also an author. She had a newspaper column in the Capital Times, Madison, Wis. She wrote at Taliesin III and did not have an office at the newspaper. She obtained this job because the editor was their friend. The publisher was an advocate of Wright's work on Madison's Monona Terrace.

Olgivanna most likely wrote her books at Taliesin West in Arizona. She has an autobiography that is very different from Wright's. It was posthumously published.

Taliesin remains a great source to learn about Frank Lloyd Wright, southern Wisconsin, and Usonian architecture. Tours are offered of the estate, house, and landscape. Prices range from $25 to $93. Hours are 8:30 a.m. to 5:30 p.m. daily. See Tours for details.

Sources

Drennan, William R. Death in a Prairie House: Frank Lloyd Wright and the Taliesin Murders. Madison, Wis.: University of Wisconsin Press, 2007.

Wright, Frank Lloyd. An Autobiography. Petaluma, Calif.: Pomegranate Communications, 1943.

[naturalbornworldshakers]

Frank Lloyd Wright & his wife Olgivanna Lloyd Wright at Phoenix Sky Harbor Airport, c. 1950 (at Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport) https://www.instagram.com/p/CB1s1UMFP7N/?igshid=1jhlbyxr6mr1q

[gencottraux]

I’m in a Frank Lloyd Wright state of mind at the moment. I go through passions, as any regular reader might have noticed, and right now I’m obsessed with all things FLW. I’m rereading the T. C. Boyle 2009 novel, The Women, about the, shall we say, turbulent relationships FLW (1867-1959) had with the various women in his life. He was not an easy man and his relationships were messy and complicated. In his era, he was in fact scandalous and reviled by some for his flauting of social mores, but today no one would really think it quite that outrageous that he left wives for mistresses. He also was perennially in debt (one of his nicknames was “Slow Pay Frank”), a surprise given his major success.

  Boyle himself lives in a FLW designed  home in Montecito, California, which I am sure has a lot to do with his interest in FLW. As a design student at UC Davis back in the day, of course we studied FLW and his enormous impact, and I fnally saw some of his drawings, furniture, and glass designs in person when I made it to the Art Institute of Chicago a few years ago.

  Novelist T. C. Boyle in his FLW-designed home in Montecito, California.

But my fascination goes back to another of my childhood memories of music in our house, this time from the iconic album Bridge Over Troubled Water (1970) by Simon and Garfunkel.

    This album reeived some heavy rotation time on the turntable, along with Carole King’s Tapestry.

  There are, of course, many wonderful songs on Bridge Over Troubled Water beside the title track: The Boxer, Cecilia, Bye Bye Love, The Only Living Boy in New York, among others. But the song that always caught my attention when I was a 9-year old, was, oddly, So Long, Frank Lloyd Wright. I didn’t really have any idea who FLW was, but the song seemed so sad and made me want to know who this man was.

    The story goes that Simon and Garfunkel (or as I like to call them, Paul and Art) were renting a house in the Hollywood Hills in 1969 while working on the Bridge Over Troubled Water album. Art saw one of the FLW homes in the area and suggested to Paul that he write a song. What I didn’t know was that Art, smarter than I realized, majored in architecture at Columbia University just in case music didn’t work out for him. Not a bad Plan B. Theories suggest that it’s also Paul’s goodbye song to Art, as the duo broke up after Bridge Over Troubled Water was released. Note the line “all of the nights we’d harmonize till dawn”.

    FLW was undoubtedly a genius, and his designs are amazing. He not only designed the buildings as an architect, he also worked on the details of interior design, including the furnishings, textiles, and art pieces, and even mailboxes. He was known to design the clothing for the women in his life. Was he controlling? I imagine so. And that spilled over into his personal life.

    The bit that’s sticking with me at the moment is a scene in the book The Women in which FLW declares himself a pacifist, a conscientious objector to war. That’s cool. I consider myself a pacifist as well. But I’m not a bully, and FLW seems to have been a big one. I’m not a genius either, so…

Much of the novel The Women takes place around Taliesin, FLW’s studio and farm built and rebuilt (plagued by fires and tragedy) in rural Wisconsin, now maintained by the Taliesen Preserve.

  FLW at Taliesin in 1911, when the house was first was completed.

Can one be a pacifist and a bully both? I suppose so. We are, if nothing, complex and contradictory creatures, we human beings. He had a vision for how he wanted things to be, and brooked no nonsense from those around him, but he wasn’t violent and held a deep appreciation for other cultures. Except when it came to food. He was very early 20th century mid-Western in his taste for basic meat, potatoes, and gravy. None of that fancy French stuff for him (one of the many bones of contention with his Southern belle and Francophile second wife Miriam Noel Wright). When he traveled in Japan while working on the Imperial Hotel in Tokyo, he had a hard time with what I think of as an amazing cuisine.

The Imperial opened in 1923 and was demolished in 1968. The entrance lobby was saved an reconstructed at the Meiji Mura architecture museum in Nagoya.

I also think of FLW as an artist, sensitive to atmosphere and color and harmony. We have a model of one of his early designs, the Romeo and Juliet windmill, built for his aunts in 1896 in the town of Wyoming, Wisconsin. Unfortunately, I can’t remember the name of the artist who made the model. When I bought it from him at an Oakland gallery, he was working in the exhibitions department at the Oakland Museum of California. I’ll post it when I recall it. He is a talented artist who deserves credit for his work.

The Romeo and Juliet windmill.

Our model of the windmill, photo by Robert Ward.

  One of Wright’s most famous buildings is Falling Water in Pennsylvania, completed in 1935.

Falling Water

  The sesquicentennial of FLW’s birth was celebrated this year on June 8th. This feature by Jay Jones in the Los Angeles Times provides a nice overview of his work: From New York to California, celebrating the 150th anniversary of Frank Lloyd Wright’s birth. One of his more famous and first California homes is Hollyhock House in the East Hollywood neighborhood of Los Angeles. Built for oil heiress Aline Barnsdall in in 1919-1921, the house is now part of the Barnsdall Art Park.

  The living room at Hollyhock House. Wright was a pioneer of open living spaces, with the hearth at the center of the home.

Yes, I can see a man who has the kind of vision for open, warm, harmonious spaces and the surrounding of ourselves with beauty as being a man who wants peace and harmony for the world at large. The contradiction is in his very messy and unharmonious personal life. The saddest and most tragic episode was that of his mistress, Martha “Mamah” Borthwick Cheney. Mamah and her husband were clients and Oak Park, Illinois, neighbors of FLW and his first wife, Catherine “Kitty” Wright (1871-1959).

The Wright Family in 1898, Frank on far right, Kitty in center with infant Lloyd.

FLW built Taliesin in Spring Green, Wisconsin, for Mamah, a place where he and she could get away from the press and turmoil caused by his leaving his wife and 6 children and her leaving her husband and 2 children. A disgruntled workman at Taliesin murdered Mamah and 6 others (including her 2 children, on a summer visitation at the time) and set fire to Taliesin in 1914. Distraught, FLW was vulnerable and became entangled with the quite dramatic and mentally unstable opiate addict Miriam Noel, his 2nd wife after Kitty relented and granted a divorce.

Mamah Cheney (1869-1914)

Miriam Noel Wright (1869-1930)

His relationship with Miriam was the most turbulent and fractious, and their divorce battle was a media storm of accusations and paparrazi around FLW’s mistress and later 3rd (and final) wife Olgivanna Lloyd Wright (1898-1985).

Olgivanna Lloyd Wright at Taliesin West in Scottsdale, Arizona in 1968.

  FLW was quite proud of his Welsh heritage. The name of Taliesin, and the later Taliesin West, means “shining brow”, and comes from the name of the 6th century Welsh poet, who in Welsh legends is portrayed as a wizard, prophet, and companion to King Arthur.

    Seems fitting in that FLW can be said to have been a wizard in his own way in the arts, but not in his relationships, and defnitely not with money, except to make it disappear.

Whether Paul Simon was writing his song as a literal tribute to Frank Lloyd Wright or using the name Frank Lloyd Wright to refer to Art Garfunkel, it is a poignant song. And it led me on a journey of discover around FLW and his life. And since I am obsessed at the moment, next up in my book queue is the novel Loving Frank (2007) by Nancy Loran, the story of Mamah and FLW from Mamah’s perspective.

    Writer Nancy Horan

  I have no plans to travel to New YTork any time soon, but when I do, I will make a pilgrimmage to the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, itself a work of art and completed in 1959, the same year FLW died at age 89. True to form, the estate he left behind took years to settle.

    Love Frank, hate Frank, or puzzled by Frank and his life, you have to admit he led an interesting life.

  The signature red tile placed on the facades of Wright’s buildings.

      So Long, Frank Lloyd Wright I'm in a Frank Lloyd Wright state of mind at the moment. I go through passions, as any regular reader might have noticed, and right now I'm obsessed with all things FLW.

[htca2]

FALLING WATER

ARQUITECTO : Frank Lloyd Wright

UBICACIÓN : Mill run, Estados Unidos

CRONOLOGÍA : 1939

BIOGRAFÍA :

Nacido el 8 de junio de 1867 en Wisconsin, Estados Unidos, Frank Lloyd Wright es uno de los mayores pioneros de la historia de la arquitectura. A los 20 años se trasladó a Chicago y trabajó en empresas de arquitectura, donde aprendió su oficio principalmente de Sullivan. Estudió ingeniería civil, no arquitectura. Recibió clases de Sullivan, con quien trabajó durante siete años. Siempre se consideró un discípulo de Sullivan, pero se excluyó de la Escuela de Chicago. Su primera colaboración con Sullivan fue en 1887 y su último trabajo fue para el Museo Guggenheim en 1959. Trabajó con la intención de combinar la arquitectura y la ingeniería. Con el uso adecuado de hormigón armado, vidrio y acero. En 1932, el arquitecto y su esposa Olgivanna fundaron una escuela de arquitectura en su propia casa: la Taliesin. Inmediatamente después, Wright recibió el encargo de construir el Fallingwater.

Demuestra una interacción constante entre el espacio y la materialidad. Siempre intentó adaptar el aspecto de los edificios al entorno ecológico. De su obra se desprenden fuertes nociones de la espiritualidad de la naturaleza.

CONTEXTO

Frank Lloyd Wright trató de reconsiderar la relación entre el individuo, la arquitectura y la naturaleza. En 1930, acuñó el término "arquitectura orgánica", también conocido como "estilo pradera".

La Arquitectura Orgánica es una nueva visión de la arquitectura que nació como reacción a la arquitectura racional de Le Corbusier a principios del siglo XX. Esta arquitectura favorece la armonía entre la vivienda humana y la naturaleza. Esta armonía se consigue mediante una construcción que pretende estar bien integrada en el lugar, de modo que los edificios, el mobiliario y los entornos formen parte de una composición unificada e interrelacionada. Esta filosofía arquitectónica favorece el uso de materiales naturales como la madera, la piedra, la arcilla, la tierra e incluso el follaje, que se integran perfectamente en el entorno.

DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA OBRA :

Dentro de esta gran parcela, Wright optó por situar la casa directamente encima de la cascada y el arroyo Bear Run, creando un diálogo estrecho, aunque ruidoso, con el agua corriente y el escarpado lugar. Ya sea por la humedad, el suelo irregular y heterogéneo... Las limitaciones de esta ubicación obligaron al arquitecto a ir más allá de las opciones estándar y a proponer soluciones atípicas. El edificio está construido en tres niveles, apoyado en una plataforma de hormigón armado colocada directamente sobre las rocas. Este movimiento de tierras es parcial, ya que la propia roca está integrada en el suelo de la sala. El acceso a la casa se realiza a través de un puente sobre el río y luego por una escalera de hormigón suspendida, rodeada de cristal. La mayor parte de la estructura y los planos horizontales son de hormigón.

Un eje vertical actúa como punto focal durante la construcción, esta "torre central" de piedra natural alberga las tuberías y los conductos de la chimenea, y también actúa como barrera acústica para suavizar el ruido. El edificio crece de dentro a fuera y se extiende según las necesidades de sus residentes. Las habitaciones de la casa irradian hacia fuera desde este eje central. Por consiguiente, puede modificarse,

ya que es un edificio de arquitectura orgánica y, por tanto, está diseñado como un ser vivo que puede evolucionar.

Hay una organización centrífuga. El arquitecto diseñó la casa en torno a la chimenea, el hogar de la casa, que consideraba el lugar de reunión de la familia. La ausencia de tabiques crea un espacio abierto, completo y libre. El arquitecto intenta evitar los límites y las separaciones en la medida de lo posible. Como resultado, hay una verdadera interacción entre el interior y el exterior. La baja altura del techo dirige la vista del habitante hacia el exterior. Al acercarse lo más posible a esta naturaleza, el arquitecto introduce el concepto de refugio, de protección, la cascada es la metáfora de una frontera infranqueable, y acentúa la idea de seguridad para los habitantes. La arquitectura es elevada y no está anclada al suelo como los antiguos conceptos arquitectónicos de la casa individual, y muestra una verdadera modernidad.

La multiplicación de los volúmenes y las fachadas, pero también la desmaterialización de los ángulos, permite la entrada de luz natural. Hay un juego de luces entre el reflejo del agua, las ventanas y la luz que penetra en el interior. Los pasillos del interior de la casa, las escaleras y pasadizos, y los meandros informales, la casa apenas tiene una entrada principal; hay muchas formas de entrar y salir. El pensamiento del arquitecto se nota en tres dimensiones y no en una superficie plana. Esto es similar al concepto de un Raumplan, ya que hay un entrelazamiento de volúmenes en la altura, creando niveles intermedios abiertos y comunicaciones. Este reflejo en el volumen acentúa el aspecto dilatado del interior. Forma un conjunto armonioso e inseparable.

La casa utiliza el principio de postes y vigas a la vista. La mayoría de las fachadas con grandes aberturas están construidas en madera y las terrazas están delimitadas por losas lisas de hormigón. Los elementos verticales son de piedra natural de la región, a diferencia de los suelos, que son de hormigón revestido con las mismas piedras. Toda la carpintería es de nogal rizado. Esta elección de revestir el hormigón demuestra su voluntad, a la manera del regionalismo crítico, de mezclar materiales modernos con soluciones más locales, incluso vernáculas, de la región de construcción. Así, el hormigón, la madera, la piedra y el acero se codean con la naturaleza que los rodea.

Esta obra puede considerarse como una obra de arte total porque Frank Lloyd Wright diseñó 169 muebles y objetos especialmente para esta casa y, por tanto, de acuerdo con su arquitectura. La mayor parte de los muebles son de madera de nogal, a juego con el entorno natural.

REFERENCIA :

-sitio web archdaily, consultado el 24/11/22

-sitio Frank Lloyd Wright Fundación, consultado el 24/11/22

-libro Pfeiffer. (2004). Frank Lloyd Wright : 1867-1959 : Buliding for Democracy /. Taschen

[franklloydwrightfan]

Spring Green, WI buildings by William Wesley Peters; 1989 church and 1972 bank. Wright’s apprentice and structural engineer, Peters married Wright’s adopted daughter Svetlana, the daughter of Wright’s third wife Olgivanna. Like Wright, Peters had tragedy in his life, Svetlana and their son Daniel died in a car accident in 1946. He was Chairman of the Frank Lloyd Wright Foundation from 1985 until his death in 1991.

[bm2ab]

Arrivals & Departures 08 June 1867 – 09 April 1959 Celebrate Frank Lloyd Wright Day!

Frank Lloyd Wright (08 June 1867 – 09 April 1959) was an American architect, interior designer, writer, and educator, whose creative period spanned more than 70 years, designing more than 1,000 structures, of which 532 were completed. Wright believed in designing structures that were in harmony with humanity and its environment, a philosophy he called organic architecture. This philosophy was best exemplified by Fallingwater (1935), which has been called "the best all-time work of American architecture." As a founder of organic architecture, Wright played a key role in the architectural movements of the twentieth century, influencing three generations of architects worldwide through his works.

Wright was the pioneer of what came to be called the Prairie School movement of architecture, and he also developed the concept of the Usonian home in Broadacre City, his unique vision for urban planning in the United States. In addition to his houses, Wright designed original and innovative offices, churches, schools, skyscrapers, hotels, museums, and other structures. He often designed interior elements for these buildings, as well, including furniture and stained glass. Wright wrote 20 books and many articles and was a popular lecturer in the United States and Europe. Wright was recognized in 1991 by the American Institute of Architects as "the greatest American architect of all time." In 2019, a selection of his work became a listed World Heritage Site as The 20th-Century Architecture of Frank Lloyd Wright.

Raised in rural Wisconsin, Wright studied civil engineering at the University of Wisconsin and then apprenticed in Chicago with noted architects Joseph Lyman Silsbee and Louis Sullivan. He opened his own successful Chicago practice in 1893, and developed an influential home and studio in Oak Park, Illinois, in 1898. His colorful personal life made headlines: leaving his first wife, Catherine Lee "Kitty" Tobin, and their children for Mamah Borthwick Cheney in 1909, the murders at his Taliesin estate by a staff member in 1914, his tempestuous marriage with second wife Miriam Noel in 1923, and his relationship with Olgivanna Lazović, who became his third wife in 1928.

[mbarkitekt]

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

Frank Lloyd Wright est un architecte américain légendaire, le père de l'architecture organique et du style des Prairies, qui a largement influencé l'approche moderne de l'architecture. Il a réalisé environ 500 projets différents, notamment le célèbre musée Guggenheim à New York, la Maison au-dessus d'une cascade en Pennsylvanie et la Maison d'Ennis, qui est apparue à plusieurs reprises au cinéma.

Frank Lloyd Wright est né le 8 juin 1867 à Richland Center, dans le Wisconsin. Après ses études, il est devenu assistant principal de l'architecte Louis Sullivan. Wright a ensuite fondé sa propre entreprise et développé un style connu sous le nom d'école des Prairies, qui visait une "architecture organique" dans la conception de maisons et de bâtiments commerciaux. Au cours de sa carrière, il a créé de nombreux bâtiments emblématiques. Il est décédé le 9 avril 1959.

Quel était le style de Frank Lloyd Wright?

Wright a mis au point un style d'architecture typiquement américain qui met l'accent sur la simplicité et la beauté naturelle contrairement à l'architecture élaborée et ornée qui prévalait en Europe. Il a estimé que les bâtiments devraient servir à honorer et à améliorer la beauté naturelle qui les entoure.

Combien de bâtiments Frank Lloyd Wright a-t-il conçus?

Avec une énergie et une persistance apparemment surhumaines, Wright a conçu plus de 1 100 bâtiments au cours de sa vie, dont près du tiers au cours de sa dernière décennie.

Architecture d'école de prairie

Un an plus tard, Wright commença un apprentissage chez les architectes Adler et Sullivan de Chicago, travaillant directement sous la direction de Louis Sullivan, le grand architecte américain plus connu sous le nom de "père des gratte-ciel". Sullivan, qui a rejeté les styles européens raffinés au profit d'une esthétique plus propre résumée par sa maxime "forme suit la fonction", a profondément influencé Wright, qui finira par réaliser le rêve de Sullivan de définir un style d'architecture uniquement américain. Wright travailla pour Sullivan jusqu'en 1893, date à laquelle il rompit leur contrat en acceptant des commandes privées pour la conception de maisons.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT

En 1889, un an après avoir commencé à travailler pour Louis Sullivan, Wright, âgé de 22 ans, épousa Catherine Tobin, une femme âgée de 19 ans. Ils eurent finalement six enfants. Leur maison dans la banlieue de Chicago, Oak Park, maintenant connue sous le nom de maison et studio Frank Lloyd Wright, est considérée comme son premier chef-d’œuvre architectural. C'est là que Wright a créé son propre cabinet d'architectes en quittant Adler et Sullivan en 1893. La même année, il a conçu la Winslow House à River Forest, qui, avec son accent horizontal et ses vastes espaces intérieurs ouverts, constitue le premier exemple du style révolutionnaire de Wright. , plus tard surnommé "l'architecture organique".

Au cours des années suivantes, Wright conçut une série de résidences et d'édifices publics qui devinrent les principaux exemples de la «Prairie School» en architecture. C'étaient des maisons à un étage avec des toits bas et en pente et de longues rangées de fenêtres à battants n'utilisant que des matériaux disponibles localement et du bois toujours taché et non peint, mettant en valeur sa beauté naturelle. Les bâtiments les plus célèbres de "Prairie School" de Wright incluent la Robie House à Chicago et le Temple de l'Unité à Oak Park. Bien que de telles œuvres fassent de Wright une célébrité et que son travail fût très plébiscité en Europe, il resta relativement inconnu en dehors des cercles architecturaux des États-Unis.

Bourse Taliesin

En 1909, après 20 ans de mariage, Wright abandonna soudainement sa femme, ses enfants et sa pratique et partit en Allemagne avec une femme nommée Mamah Borthwick Cheney, épouse d'un client. En collaboration avec l'éditeur de renom Ernst Wasmuth, Wright a rassemblé deux portefeuilles de son travail en Allemagne, ce qui a renforcé son profil international en tant que l'un des principaux architectes vivants.

En 1913, Wright et Cheney rentrèrent aux États-Unis et Wright leur conçut une maison sur la terre de ses ancêtres maternels à Spring Green, dans le Wisconsin. Nommé Taliesin, Welsh pour "Shining Frow", ce fut l'une des œuvres les plus acclamées de sa vie. Cependant, la tragédie a frappé en 1914 lorsqu'un serviteur dérangé a mis le feu à la maison, la brûlant complètement et tuant Cheney et six autres personnes. Bien que Wright ait été dévasté par la perte de son amant et de son foyer, il a immédiatement commencé à reconstruire Taliesin afin, selon ses propres mots, "d'effacer la cicatrice de la colline".

L'année suivante, en 1915, l'empereur japonais chargea Wright de concevoir l'Imperial Hotel à Tokyo. Il passa les sept années suivantes sur le projet, un bâtiment magnifique et révolutionnaire que Wright déclara "à l'épreuve des tremblements de terre". Un an seulement après son achèvement, le grand tremblement de terre du Kanto de 1923 a dévasté la ville et mis à l'épreuve les prétentions de l'architecte. Le Wright Hotel Imperial était le seul grand bâtiment de la ville à avoir survécu intact au séisme.

À son retour aux États-Unis, il épouse une sculpteuse appelée Miriam Noel en 1923; ils restèrent ensemble pendant quatre ans avant de divorcer en 1927. En 1925, un autre incendie, causé par un problème électrique, détruisit Taliesin, l'obligeant à le reconstruire à nouveau. En 1928, Wright épouse sa troisième épouse, Olga (Olgivanna) Ivanovna Lazovich, également connue sous le nom de Olga Lazovich Milanov, en l'honneur de son célèbre grand-père Marko.

Résidence Fallingwater

Au milieu des années 1930, alors qu'il avait presque 70 ans, Wright semblait s'être retiré paisiblement pour diriger sa bourse Taliesin, avant de revenir soudainement sur la scène publique pour concevoir plusieurs des plus grands bâtiments de sa vie. Wright annonça son retour à la profession de façon dramatique en 1935 avec Fallingwater, une résidence de la célèbre famille Kaufmann de Pittsburgh.

Où se trouve la Fallingwater House de Frank Lloyd Wright?

D'une originalité étonnante et d'une beauté surprenante, Fallingwater est marquée par une série de balcons et de terrasses en porte-à-faux construits au sommet d'une cascade dans une région rurale du sud-ouest de la Pennsylvanie. Il reste l'une des œuvres les plus célèbres de Wright, un monument national largement considéré comme l'une des plus belles demeures jamais construites.

Puis, à la fin des années 1930, Wright construisit une soixantaine de maisons à revenu moyen, appelées «maisons usoniennes». Précurseur esthétique de la «maison de ranch» moderne, ces maisons à la fois épurées et élégantes utilisaient plusieurs caractéristiques de conception révolutionnaires telles que le chauffage solaire, le refroidissement naturel et les «abris de voiture» pour le stockage automobile.

Au cours de ses dernières années, Wright s'est également tourné de plus en plus vers la conception de bâtiments publics en plus des résidences privées. Il a conçu le célèbre SC Johnson Wax Administration Building qui a ouvert ses portes à Racine, dans le Wisconsin, en 1939. En 1938, Wright conçut de superbes aménagements pour le centre municipal de Monona Terrace surplombant le lac Monona à Madison, dans le Wisconsin, mais ne put poursuivre la construction. après avoir échoué à obtenir un financement public.

En 1943, Wright a commencé un projet qui a consommé les 16 dernières années de sa vie - la conception du musée Guggenheim d'art moderne et contemporain à New York. "Pour la première fois, l'art sera vu comme à travers une fenêtre ouverte et, de tous les lieux, à New York. Cela me stupéfie", a déclaré Wright lors de la réception de la commande. Un énorme bâtiment blanc cylindrique qui monte en spirale dans une coupole en plexiglas. Le musée se compose d’une galerie unique le long d’une rampe qui s’enroule du rez-de-chaussée. Bien que la conception de Lloyd fût très controversée à l'époque, elle est maintenant considérée comme l'un des plus beaux édifices de la ville de New York.

Télécharger Les Exposés

Password Pour la decompression: MBArkitekt

source https://www.mbarkitekt.com/2019/04/frank-lloyd-wright.html

[drjdtabor]

Bits and Bites Here and There

Bits and Bites Here and There

From some of my recent television viewing of various shows, both documentary and scripted:

I don’t really do that. Chat. Amy Adams in the first episode of Sharp Objects HBO.\

Whoso would be a man, must be a nonconformist, nothing is at last sacred but the integrity of your own mind. Emerson

Come away with me my love, they will not see us for the dust! Frank Lloyd Wright to Olgivanna

I am guilty…

[squadseo99-blog]

Inila Rumah Terindah yang Pernah Ada di Dunia

Menurut berita Liputan6.com - Di Chicago pada tanggal 16 Oktober 1956, Frank Lloyd Wright yang waktu itu ialah arsitek terpopuler di Amerika Serikat, mengadakan pertemuan wartawan untuk The Illinois, pencakar langit setinggi satu mil atau 1,6 km -empat kali tambah tinggi dibanding Empire State Building. Wright -yang lahir pada bulan Juni 150 tahun lalu- waktu itu berusia 89 tahun -dan Museum Solomon R Guggenheim sedang dibuat di Fifth Avenue, Manhattan- masih adalah figur yang radikal serta provokatif.

Project Guggenheim -terlepas dari pro-kontra bentuk bangunannya- membuat ia dipuji media New York, hingga ia tampil di acara kuis popular TV, What's My Line? pada bulan Juni 1956. Bulan September, Wright 2x tampil di acara Interview-nya Mike Wallace. Anda masih dapat menontonnya di YouTube.

Terlihat menarik, Wright dengan matanya yang keriput, tampil sangat pintar. Memang mengagumkan jika Anda masih dapat lihat serta dengar jika seseorang pria yang lahir 150 tahun kemarin tetap berkaitan di era ke-21 untuk beberapa permasalahan politik, norma, serta tentunya arsitektur.

Demonstrasi kecam pembunuhan jurnalis Meksiko

Apa seni kekinian sisi dari senjata CIA?

Apa lukisan ini dapat bermakna apapun seperti keinginan kita?

Wright memang jawara dalam mengemukakan satu kalimat yang tajam. Pada seseorang client yang merintih atap bocor di dalam rumah barunya yang membuat air menetes ke meja makan tempat duduk, ia justru menjelaskan supaya 'memindahkan kursi'.

Saat asistennya yang kurus, William Wesley Peters, di satu diantara rumah terbarunya dengan langit-langit rendah, ia menjelaskan, "Duduk, Wes, Anda mengakibatkan kerusakan arsitektur bikinan saya".

Lalu waktu satu waktu ada di ruangan sidang serta diberi pertanyaan kerjaannya, ia menjawab, "Arsitek paling hebat dunia." Istrinya coba memperingatkannya tetapi ia menjelaskan, "Saya tidak punyai pilihan, Olgivanna. Saya dibawah sumpah."

Walau proyek-proyeknya yang berani di Chicago serta New York dan perhatian media atasnya karena proyek-proyek itu, Wright tidak suka pada perkotaan. Nama tuhannya, tuturnya pada Mike Wallace, dengan diawali 'n' untuk nature atau alam. Direncanakan jadi rumah untuk 100.000 orang,The Illinois ialah langkah Wright untuk menahan penebaran kota hingga alam jadi aman dari cengkeramannya

The Illinois belum pernah dibuat serta Wright, yang karirnya terbentang sepanjang tiga perempat era, cuma sudah sempat mengakhiri satu gedung tinggi, Price Tower dengan 19 lantai yang dibuka bulan Februari 1956 di Bartlesville, Oklahoma.

Tidak beritakan sangkaan skandal oposisi, beberapa media Ekuador didenda

Singlish, bahasa yang ingin 'dihilangkan' oleh pemerintah Singapura

Dear Data: Disainer yang membuat rutinitas seharian jadi seni

Ketenaran Wright -walaupun imajinasinya terbang tinggi- masih berdasar pada fakta serta kelihatan dalam beberapa ratus perancangan rumah di Amerika Serikat yang merayu, berseni, serta terkadang cacat tetapi tetap diimpikan. Satu diantara rumah itu, Fallingwater, yang mengusung karirnya pada pertengahan tahun 1930-an, saat bertepatan dengan efek dari Stres Besar pada pembangunan rumah, karya-karya Wright mulai disaksikan tertinggal jaman oleh beberapa pengkritik serta generasi arsitek yang lebih muda. Saat itu semangat Modernisme Eropa yang bersih seperti karya Bauhaus, Le Corbusier, serta Mies van der Rohe- menjejakkan kaki di AS.

Jadi maha karya yang disadari dunia, Fallingwater ialah arsitektur yang demikian dekat sama tanah serta alam. Dibuat di atas air terjun serta bebatuan, rumah ini menjulang ke atas dengan ruangan duduk yang menjorok, yang dipercantik dengan panorama Pegunungan Appalachian.

Semenjak diberikan ke Western Pennsylvania Conservancy di tahun 1963 serta dibuka kembali jadi museum tahun selanjutnya, seputar lima juta pengunjung hadir ke rumah terpencil di Bear Run, Pennsylvania ini, 65 mil arah tenggara Pittsburgh ini, untuk kagum pada bangunan yang menyebabkan kembali karier Wright.

Di tempat

Tempat peristirahatan di pegunungan yang unik serta indah ini dipesan oleh Edgar J Kaufmann -pemilik toko serba berada di Pittsburgh yang kaya raya- serta istrinya yang adalah sepupunya, Liliane Kaufmann, yang banyak bawa budaya mulia Paris ke lokasi Amerika tengah. Kaufmann inginkan satu rumah dengan panorama air terjun di Bear Run, tapi Wright memperjelas, "Saya ingin Anda hidup dengan air terjun, tidak cuma memandangnya."

 Jadi sesudah beberapa waktu berpikir mengenai seperti apa model rumah itu serta Kaufmann yang terus-terusan menanyakannya, Wright pada akhirnya membuahkan beberapa gambar mengagumkan dalam sekejap. Rancangannya berbentuk rumah tiga tingkat pada air terjun, memanipulasi beton, besi, kaca serta batu ditempat. Kelihatannya rumah ini tampil di di antara pohon, batu, sungai, serta air terjun.

Tetapi penopang yang dipakai menyebabkan pembicaraan di antara sang arsitek serta client-nya. Kaufmann untul lebih memperkuatnya serta Wright meneror akan mengundurkan diri. Memang penopang besar dibagian depan sungai mulai melengkung saat dilepaskan dari dasar betonnya. Ada kelembapan dari saluran air hingga ada jamur sesaat atapnya bocor.

Bertandang ke negara Kristen pertama di dunia

Ada penyakit tersembunyi dalam es, serta mereka mulai bangun

Meski begitu, serta Liliane -yang awalannya benar-benar skeptis, pada akhirnya menghormati keindahanFallingwaterdan situasi sekelilingnya. Panorama 'pohon tanpa ada daun dengan dahan yang berlilitan' kelihatan dari jendela tanpa ada kerangka -seperti dutulisnya melalui satu surat untuk Wright- ialah 'lebih dari sekedar hanya alternatif tirai'. Fallingwater benar-benar sangat berlainan dengan rumah elegan Neo-Norman karya Kaufmann di Pittsburgh. Wright yang membuat sampai ke detail kecil rumah, membuat sejumlah besar perlengkapan menempel pada dinding rumah. Ini, ia yakini, untuk pastikan maha karyanya 'bebas dari terlibat klien'.

Kaufmann sudah lama tidak lagi ada, tapi sisi di rumah masih seperti perancangan Wright.

Usai dibuat pada tahun 1938, Fallingwater jadi sampul majalah Time pada bulan Januari, tampil di atas bahu Frank Lloyd Wright. Time menyatakannya jadi 'pekerjaan paling indah' sang arsitek.

Biayanya jauh melebihi budget awal jadi US$155.000 atau Rp1,9 miliar, yang sama dengan US$2,7 juta atau Rp35 miliar uang saat ini. Wright dibayar US$8.000 atau Rp106 juta. Ongkos pemugaran pada awal era ini -karena di kuatirkan akan ambruk- sebesar US$11,5 juta atau Rp153 miliar. Sajak dalam suatu cafe di Route 381 Pennsylvania, di dekatnya menjelaskan, "Frank Lloyd Wright built a house over falling water/which he really shouldn't have oughta" atau "Frank Lloyd Wright membuat satu rumah di atas air terjun/yang semestinya tidak ia kerjakan".

 Tetapi pengamat yang yang paling usilpun tidak mempersoalkan juta-an dolar yang digunakan untuk memugarnya. Fallingwater mungkin cacat, tapi keindahannya kekal. Saat ini, tumah itu tidak ternilai harga.

Mengevaluasi keinginan sex sama-sama type dari lukisan era 19

Cerita wanita buta dengan 'penglihatan kedua' yang unik

Tahun 1952, Liliane bunuh diri di Fallingwater. Edgar wafat tiga tahun setelah itu. Anak lelaki mereka, Edgar Jr, yang kerja magang dengan Wright diawalnya tahun 1930-an, mewarisinya serta tinggal dari sana dengan rekannya, arsitek serta perancang kelahiran Spanyol, Paul Mayen. Mereka membuat pusat pengunjung, cafe serta toko pada tahun 1981. Edgar Jr, lalu memberikan Fallingwater dengan lokasi hijau Laurel Highlands seluas 7 m2 serta dana sebesar US$500.000 atau Rp6,6 miliar ke Western Pennsylvania Conservancy.

Buat Wright, Fallingwater sudah menghidupkan kembali karirnya, hingga sangat mungkin ia untuk membuat serta membuat karya yang berlainan dengan Modernisme yang dikuasai Eropa sepanjang 20 tahun setelah itu. Ia masih jadi satu orang yang individualis, menampik jadi anggota American Institute of Architects. Saat salah seseorang partnernya mengatakan 'seorang amatiran tua', Wright -yang kerja sampai wafat pada umur 91 tahun- menjawab, "Saya yang paling tua.

[torontohypnotherapist]

OCTOBER 28 — GEORGE GURDJIEFF QUOTES

LIKE ALL THE WOMEN WHO REALLY WORKED WITH GURDJIEFF, SHE WAS REMARKABLE AND UNUSUAL; SHE POSSESSED AN INNER SOMETHING

I was told to work with Olgivanna; we pulled one at each end of a cross-cut saw, cutting up logs for the winter and piling them up in the woodsheds. She told me about their life in the Caucasus with Gurdjieff. In Tiflis he had asked her if she had a wish, a real wish. She said, ‘Iwish for immortality’. He said, ‘What you do now?’ ‘I look after my house and servants,’ she replied. ‘You work yourself? Cook, look after baby?’ ‘No, my servants do that for me.’ ‘You do nothing, and you wish for immortality!’ he said. ‘But this does not come by wishing but by special kind of work. You must work, make effort, for immortality. Now, I will show you how to work. First, tell servants to go and begin by doing everything yourself’

‘He did show me,’ she added. ‘He showed me how to do ordinary housework, not as a servant would do it, but to work and at the same time use his method.’

For two weeks we pulled at the long saw, and every day Gurdjieff came round and watched us. He would have a few minutes conversation with Olgivanna, and then walk to another group. From what I could follow of the conversation it seemed to be about her plans for the future; and eventually she left, with her little daughter Svetlana, for America, where in course of time she became Mrs Frank Lloyd Wright. For fourteen years thereafter I never saw her but once, and then only for a few moments. Like all the women who really worked with Gurdjieff, she was remarkable and unusual; she possessed an inner something, she had individuality, and she could turn her hand to anything.

~ CS Nott “The Teachings of Gurdjieff - A Pupil's Journal” ...

YOUR WISHING FOR BEING HAS BEEN MORE OR LESS THEORETICAL, YOU MUST HAVE MORE REAL WISHING

Thursday, October 8, 1936

I saw Gurdjieff at noon in the cafe. I told him that the momentum of nervousness from life-business had destroyed my concentration for Being work (Janet’s illness, especially). He said, “Every stick has two ends. Your remorse of conscience prepares you for the next work which will be very difficult. The more uneasy and nervous you are now, the better for you later. Your wishing for Being has been more or less theoretical, you must have more real wishing.”

~ "Gurdjieff and the Women of the Rope" ...

THERE IS A THOUSAND TIMES MORE VALUE EVEN IN POLISHING THE FLOOR AS IT SHOULD BE DONE THAN IN WRITING TWENTY-FIVE BOOKS

As I said, the essence of correct man’s work is in the working together of the three centers — moving, emotional and thinking. When all three work together and produce an action, this is the work of a man. There is a thousand times more value even in polishing the floor as it should be done than in writing twenty-five books. But before starting to work with all centers and concentrating them on the work, it is necessary to prepare each center separately so that each is able to concentrate. If is necessary to train the moving center to work with the others. And one must remember that each center consists of three.

Our moving center is more or less adapted. The second center, as difficulties go, is the thinking center and the most difficult, the emotional. We already begin to succeed in small things with our moving center. But neither the thinking nor the emotional center can concentrate at all. To succeed in collecting thoughts in a desired direction is not what is wanted. When we succeed in this, it is mechanical concentration, which everybody can have — it is not the concentration of a man. It is important to know not to depend on associations, and we shall therefore begin with the thinking center. We shall exercise the moving center by continuing the same exercises we have done so far. Before going any further, it would be useful to learn to think according to a definite order. Let everyone take some object. Let each of you ask himself questions relating to the object and answer them according to his knowledge and material.

1. Its origin. 2. The cause of its origin. 3. Its history. 4. Its qualities and attributes. 5. Objects connected with it and related to it. 6. Its use and application. 7. Its results and effects. 8. What it explains and proves, 9. Its end or its future. 10. Your opinion, the cause, and motives of this opinion.

~ "Gurdjieff's Early Talks 1914-1931" ...

I’M GOING TO GIVE YOU A NEW EXERCISE

GURDJIEFF: I’m going to give you a new exercise, excellent for those leaving on holiday and also very good for those who remain. It is easier to do on holiday because one has more time. It’s a very original exercise.

MME DE SALZMANN: This exercise will bring help to those who have difficulty in separating from themselves. You can continue to do the previous exercise, but you must put all the emphasis on the new one, which can be done even when other people are around - of course without their knowing.

You are sitting in one place and you choose two other places in the same room, whether or not they are occupied by other people. In the place where you are, you must experience a sensation of heat in the body; you must succeed in achieving this. Remember, for example, times when you were very hot; concentrate until you have the impression of heat. Do that for about half a minute. Then, also remembering earlier impressions, imagine yourself seated in the second place, and there you are cold. Then, go to the third place, and there experience the sensation that you are crying, or more precisely, on the verge of tears. There again, remember former impressions, events which already brought you to that state.

Then you start again in your own place with the impression of heat. Always these three things in turn, in the same order: heat, cold, on the verge of tears. Each thing should last about half a minute. If you are interrupted, begin again, always starting from your place and the impression of heat.

A PARTICIPANT: When imagining oneself in someone elses place, is it necessary to sense oneself in their posture?

MME DE SALZMANN: No, you should simply sense yourself in that place, which can be occupied or not.

GURDJIEFF: If one is seated, it is better to represent oneself also seated in the other places, and if one is standing, then standing in the other places as well. Those who have time can prepare themselves. To experience cold, for example, it is better to be prepared. Its preferable also, concerning the impulse to cry, not to always picture the same event. You have a great deal of material even as far back as your childhood. It is best to change to avoid idées fixes. It’s also very important that these changes take place very quickly and are very clear-cut. Erase the first impression to go to another; completely obliterate the impulse to cry to take up the impression of warmth. When taking a new place, nothing should be left from the previous one. This is something very important.

~ “G. I. GURDJIEFF — Paris Meetings 1943”

[worldlatestnews-all-blog]

Frank Lloyd Wright Buy Now $12.49 Wright and Olgivanna began the Taliesin Fellowship, taking on apprentices. Fallingwater brought him new acclaim for its modern principles and materials integrated with the landscape.

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Stalins Daughter - Rosemary Sullivan | Biographies & Memoirs |894873985

Stalins Daughter Rosemary Sullivan Genre: Biographies & Memoirs Price: $16.99 Publish Date: June 2, 2015 Born in 1926, Svetlana Alliluyeva spent her youth inside the Kremlin as her father's power soared along with that of the Soviet Union. Eighty-five years later, she died alone and penniless in rural Wisconsin as Lana Peters. Revealed here for the first time, the many lives of Joseph Stalin's daughter form a riveting portrait of a woman who fled halfway around the world to escape her birthright. Svetlana was protected from the mass starvation and murder that her father inflicted upon Soviet citizens, but she was not immune to tragedy. She lost almost everyone she loved, including her mother, who committed suicide, and her father's merciless purges claimed the lives of aunts and uncles, and her lover, who was exiled to Siberia. After her father's death, Svetlana discovered the extent of his cruelty. Balking at the control the Kremlin still exerted over her life, she shocked the world by defecting to the United States at the height of the Cold War—leaving behind two children. However, in America Svetlana found only more heartbreak. For a time, Frank Lloyd Wright's Taliesin community, overseen by his controversial third wife, Olgivanna, formed a second family for her; Svetlana married Wesley Peters, a member of the inner circle, and they had a child. But Olgivanna manipulated their friendship for financial gain, and the marriage disintegrated. No matter how much distance she put between her past and her present, she could not undo the emotional and psychological damage her father had wrought. With access to FBI, CIA, and Russian State Archives, and with the close cooperation of Svetlana's daughter, Rosemary Sullivan has created a masterly biography that is epic in scope yet narrated with remarkable intimacy. Stalin's Daughter deftly places Svetlana in a broader context of time and place, without losing sight of her powerfully human story. In the process, this multifaceted narrative reveals the heart of a brutal world and offers an unprecedented look at its mastermind.