#Molecular hydrogen gas

[huelightusa]

https://huelightusa.com/browns-gas-vs-molecular-hydrogen/

Explore the differences between Brown’s gas and molecular hydrogen. This guide shows Brown’s gas and key differences with (H2) molecular hydrogen gas.

[butchyena]

finally landed on an apocalyptic event idea good enough to base a campaign on. thank fucking god

[wonders-of-the-cosmos]

This image of the Horsehead Nebula from NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope focuses on a portion of the horse’s “mane” that is about 0.8 light-years in width. It was taken with Webb’s NIRCam (Near-infrared Camera). The ethereal clouds that appear blue at the bottom of the image are dominated by cold, molecular hydrogen. Red-colored wisps extending above the main nebula represent mainly atomic hydrogen gas.

Credit: NASA

[apod]

2024 November 4

M42: The Great Nebula in Orion Credit & Copyright: Fényes Lóránd

Explanation: The Great Nebula in Orion, an immense, nearby starbirth region, is probably the most famous of all astronomical nebulas. Here, glowing gas surrounds hot young stars at the edge of an immense interstellar molecular cloud only 1500 light-years away. In the featured deep image in assigned colors highlighted by emission in oxygen and hydrogen, wisps and sheets of dust and gas are particularly evident. The Great Nebula in Orion can be found with the unaided eye near the easily identifiable belt of three stars in the popular constellation Orion. In addition to housing a bright open cluster of stars known as the Trapezium, the Orion Nebula contains many stellar nurseries. These nurseries contain much hydrogen gas, hot young stars, proplyds, and stellar jets spewing material at high speeds. Also known as M42, the Orion Nebula spans about 40 light years and is located in the same spiral arm of our Galaxy as the Sun.

∞ Source: apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap241104.html

[theofficialastronomy101]

WITCH HEAD NEBULA * IC 2118 (also known as Witch Head Nebula due to its shape) is an extremely faint reflection nebula believed to be an ancient supernova remnant or gas cloud illuminated by nearby supergiant star Rigel in the constellation of Orion. It lies in the Orion constellation, about 900 light-years from Earth. The nature of the dust particles, reflecting blue light better than red, is a factor in giving the Witch Head its blue color. Radio observations show substantial carbon monoxide emission throughout parts of IC 2118, an indicator of the presence of molecular clouds and star formation in the nebula. In fact candidates for pre-main sequence stars and some classic T-Tauri stars have been found deep within the nebula. The molecular clouds of IC 2118 are probably juxtaposed to the outer boundaries of the vast Orion-Eridanus bubble, a giant supershell of molecular hydrogen blown by the high mass stars of the Orion OB1 association. As the supershell expands into the interstellar medium, favorable circumstances for star formation occur. IC 2118 is located in one such area. The wind blown appearance and cometary shape of the bright reflection nebula is highly suggestive of a strong association with the high mass luminous stars of Orion OB1. The fact that the heads of the cometary clouds of IC2118 point northeast towards the association is strong support of that relationship.. Credit to Pablo Carlos Budassi.

[reasonsforhope]

"It may sound surprising, but when times are tough and there is no other food available, some soil bacteria can consume traces of hydrogen in the air as an energy source.

In fact, bacteria remove a staggering 70 million tonnes of hydrogen yearly from the atmosphere, a process that literally shapes the composition of the air we breathe.

We have isolated an enzyme that enables some bacteria to consume hydrogen and extract energy from it, and found it can produce an electric current directly when exposed to even minute amounts of hydrogen.

As we report in a new paper in Nature, the enzyme may have considerable potential to power small, sustainable air-powered devices in future.

Bacterial genes contain the secret for turning air into electricity

Prompted by this discovery, we analysed the genetic code of a soil bacterium called Mycobacterium smegmatis, which consumes hydrogen from air.

Written into these genes is the blueprint for producing the molecular machine responsible for consuming hydrogen and converting it into energy for the bacterium. This machine is an enzyme called a “hydrogenase”, and we named it Huc for short.

Hydrogen is the simplest molecule, made of two positively charged protons held together by a bond formed by two negatively charged electrons. Huc breaks this bond, the protons part ways, and the electrons are released...

The molecular blueprint for extracting hydrogen from air

With Huc isolated, we set about studying it in earnest, to discover what exactly the enzyme is capable of. How can it turn the hydrogen in the air into a sustainable source of electricity?

Remarkably, we found that even when isolated from the bacteria, Huc can consume hydrogen at concentrations far lower even than the tiny traces in the air. In fact, Huc still consumed whiffs of hydrogen too faint to be detected by our gas chromatograph, a highly sensitive instrument we use to measure gas concentrations...

Enzymes could use air to power the devices of tomorrow

It’s early days for this research, and several technical challenges need to be overcome to realise the potential of Huc.

For one thing, we will need to significantly increase the scale of Huc production. In the lab we produce Huc in milligram quantities, but we want to scale this up to grams and ultimately kilograms.

However, our work demonstrates that Huc functions like a “natural battery” producing a sustained electrical current from air or added hydrogen.

As a result, Huc has considerable potential in developing small, sustainable air-powered devices as an alternative to solar power.

The amount of energy provided by hydrogen in the air would be small, but likely sufficient to power a biometric monitor, clock, LED globe or simple computer. With more hydrogen, Huc produces more electricity and could potentially power larger devices.

Another application would be the development of Huc-based bioelectric sensors for detecting hydrogen, which could be incredibly sensitive. Huc could be invaluable for detecting leaks in the infrastructure of our burgeoning hydrogen economy or in a medical setting.

In short, this research shows how a fundamental discovery about how bacteria in soils feed themselves can lead to a reimagining of the chemistry of life. Ultimately it may also lead to the development of technologies for the future."

-via The Conversation, March 8, 2023. Article written by the authors of the study.

[robreyart]

Origins : Complexity Rising 18 x 24 inches, Oil on Panel, A new painting from an earlier study.

We tend to think of evolution as a biological process of rising complexity that began with single-celled organisms here on earth, but the universe has been undergoing a cosmic evolution of growing complexity from the very beginning.

Before there could be cells, there needed to be complex molecules and an array of elements to make them. The earliest known events of the universe generated only a few of the lightest elements: hydrogen, helium, and trace amounts of lithium. Until the first stars formed and began fusing protons and neutrons into larger nuclei the universe was devoid of heavier elements, including the carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen of which we are made. Other processes took these elements and bonded them into basic amino acids and other molecular building blocks of life as we know it.

Biological evolution on our planet is thought to be nearly as old as the Earth, but the complexity that made it possible has been accumulating since time began.

_______

In this painting, the thread of gas and dust that grows from the left and reaches a crescendo at the right represents the growth of complexity through time. Also featured is a developing galaxy, early massive hot blue stars fusing higher elements, a supernova explosion spreading higher elements into space, a new star and protoplanetary disk enriched with elements, and a newly formed earth-like planet in the bottom right. The figure, an allegory of rising complexity, wears a necklace featuring a carbon atom and her hairpiece is a model of a basic amino acid that has been found abundantly in outer space. These are the building blocks of life ready for biological evolution to begin!

[astrophysicsblogs]

Rho Ophiuchi ~ our nearest star forming cloud complex. Taken by James Webb on it's first birthday.

Stars within this cloud are similar in mass to the Sun or smaller. This bright red emission comes from jets of molecular Hydrogen gas flowing at fast velocities from an invisible protostar, VLA1623, a star so young that many Stone Age cave paintings pre-date it!

source: https://esawebb.org/images/weic2316a/

[uncontrolledfission]

The Dark Tower in Scorpius, 2024-08-22

In silhouette against a crowded star field along the tail of the arachnological constellation Scorpius, this dusty cosmic cloud evokes for some the image of an ominous dark tower. In fact, monstrous clumps of dust and molecular gas collapsing to form stars may well lurk within the dark nebula, a structure that spans almost 40 light-years across this gorgeous telescopic portrait. A cometary globule, the swept-back cloud is shaped by intense ultraviolet radiation from the OB association of very hot stars in NGC 6231, off the upper right corner of the scene. That energetic ultraviolet light also powers the globule's bordering reddish glow of hydrogen gas. Hot stars embedded in the dust can be seen as bluish reflection nebulae. This dark tower and associated nebulae are about 5,000 light-years away. Growing Gallery: Moon Eclipses Saturn in August 2024

Credits: NASA's 'Astronomy Picture Of The Day.'

[nature-godsgardenofeden]

Hubble Captures Infant Stars Transforming a Nebula

Named RCW 7, the nebula is located just over 5300 light-years from Earth in the constellation Puppis. Nebulae are areas of space that are rich in the raw material needed to form new stars. Under the influence of gravity, parts of these molecular clouds collapse until they coalesce into protostars, surrounded by spinning discs of leftover gas and dust. In the case of RCW 7, the protostars forming here are particularly massive, giving off strongly ionising radiation and fierce stellar winds that have transformed it into what is known as a H II region. The ultraviolet radiation from the massive protostars excites the hydrogen, causing it to emit light and giving this nebula its soft pinkish glow. Here Hubble is studying a particular massive protostellar binary named IRAS 07299-1651, still in its glowing cocoon of gas in the curling clouds towards the top of the nebula. To expose this star and its siblings, this image was captured using the Wide Field Camera 3 in near-infrared light. The massive protostars here are brightest in ultraviolet light, but they emit plenty of infrared light which can pass through much of the gas and dust around them and be seen by Hubble.

Image Credit: ESA/Hubble & NASA, J. Tan (Chal

[just--space]

Star Formation in the Eagle Nebula : Where do stars form? One place, star forming regions known as "EGGs", are being uncovered at the end of this giant pillar of gas and dust in the Eagle Nebula (M16). Short for evaporating gaseous globules, EGGs are dense regions of mostly molecular hydrogen gas that fragment and gravitationally collapse to form stars. Light from the hottest and brightest of these new stars heats the end of the pillar and causes further evaporation of gas and dust -- revealing yet more EGGs and more young stars. This featured picture was created from exposures spanning over 30 hours with the Earth-orbiting Hubble Space Telescope in 2014, and digitally processed with modern software by experienced volunteers in Argentina. Newborn stars will gradually destroy their birth pillars over the next 100,000 years or so -- if a supernova doesn't destroy them first. via NASA

[spacetimewithstuartgary]

Dark matter could have helped make supermassive black holes in the early universe

It takes a long time for supermassive black holes, like the one at the center of our Milky Way galaxy, to form. Typically, the birth of a black hole requires a giant star with the mass of at least 50 of our suns to burn out—a process that can take a billion years—and its core to collapse in on itself.

Even so, at only about 10 solar masses, the resulting black hole is a far cry from the 4 million-solar-masses black hole, Sagittarius A*, found in our Milky Way galaxy, or the billion-solar-mass supermassive black holes found in other galaxies. Such gigantic black holes can form from smaller black holes by accretion of gas and stars, and by mergers with other black holes, which take billions of years.

Why, then, is the James Webb Space Telescope discovering supermassive black holes near the beginning of time itself, eons before they should have been able to form? UCLA astrophysicists have an answer as mysterious as the black holes themselves: Dark matter kept hydrogen from cooling long enough for gravity to condense it into clouds big and dense enough to turn into black holes instead of stars. The finding is published in the journal Physical Review Letters.

"How surprising it has been to find a supermassive black hole with a billion solar mass when the universe itself is only half a billion years old," said senior author Alexander Kusenko, a professor of physics and astronomy at UCLA. "It's like finding a modern car among dinosaur bones and wondering who built that car in the prehistoric times."

Some astrophysicists have posited that a large cloud of gas could collapse to make a supermassive black hole directly, bypassing the long history of stellar burning, accretion and mergers. But there's a catch: Gravity will, indeed, pull a large cloud of gas together, but not into one large cloud. Instead, it gathers sections of the gas into little halos that float near each other but don't form a black hole.

The reason is that the gas cloud cools too quickly. As long as the gas is hot, its pressure can counter gravity. However, if the gas cools, pressure decreases, and gravity can prevail in many small regions, which collapse into dense objects before gravity has a chance to pull the entire cloud into a single black hole.

"How quickly the gas cools has a lot to do with the amount of molecular hydrogen," said first author and doctoral student Yifan Lu. "Hydrogen atoms bonded together in a molecule dissipate energy when they encounter a loose hydrogen atom. The hydrogen molecules become cooling agents as they absorb thermal energy and radiate it away. Hydrogen clouds in the early universe had too much molecular hydrogen, and the gas cooled quickly and formed small halos instead of large clouds."

Lu and postdoctoral researcher Zachary Picker wrote code to calculate all possible processes of this scenario and discovered that additional radiation can heat the gas and dissociate the hydrogen molecules, altering how the gas cools.

"If you add radiation in a certain energy range, it destroys molecular hydrogen and creates conditions that prevent fragmentation of large clouds," Lu said.

But where does the radiation come from?

Only a very tiny portion of matter in the universe is the kind that makes up our bodies, our planet, the stars and everything else we can observe. The vast majority of matter, detected by its gravitational effects on stellar objects and by the bending of light rays from distant sources, is made of some new particles, which scientists have not yet identified.

The forms and properties of dark matter are therefore a mystery that remains to be solved. While we don't know what dark matter is, particle theorists have long speculated that it could contain unstable particles which can decay into photons, the particles of light. Including such dark matter in the simulations provided the radiation needed for the gas to remain in a large cloud while it is collapsing into a black hole.

Dark matter could be made of particles that slowly decay, or it could be made of more than one particle species: some stable and some that decay at early times. In either case, the product of decay could be radiation in the form of photons, which break up molecular hydrogen and prevent hydrogen clouds from cooling too quickly. Even very mild decay of dark matter yielded enough radiation to prevent cooling, forming large clouds and, eventually, supermassive black holes.

"This could be the solution to why supermassive black holes are found very early on," Picker said. "If you're optimistic, you could also read this as positive evidence for one kind of dark matter. If these supermassive black holes formed by the collapse of a gas cloud, maybe the additional radiation required would have to come from the unknown physics of the dark sector."

IMAGE: A James Webb Telescope image shows the J0148 quasar circled in red. Two insets show, on top, the central black hole, and on bottom, the stellar emission from the host galaxy. Credit: MIT/NASA

[h2lifetech]

Elevate Your Health Discover the Benefits of Hydrogen Oxygen Inhalation Machines | (2024)

In today's world, the quest for improved health and wellness never stops. We constantly seek new ways to enhance our physical and mental well-being. Among the latest innovations making waves in the health community are hydrogen oxygen inhalation machines. Designed to offer numerous health benefits, these machines are gaining popularity among health enthusiasts, athletes, and wellness seekers. In this blog post, we'll explore what hydrogen oxygen inhalation machines are, how they work, and why you might want to consider incorporating one into your wellness routine.

Understanding Hydrogen Oxygen Inhalation

How Do These Machines Work?

Hydrogen oxygen inhalation machines are cutting-edge devices that generate a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases for inhalation. The process begins with electrolysis, where water molecules are split into hydrogen and oxygen. These gases are then combined and delivered through a nasal cannula or mask for inhalation. This blend is believed to offer various health benefits, making it a popular choice among wellness enthusiasts.

The Science Behind Hydrogen and Oxygen Inhalation

The science supporting hydrogen oxygen inhalation is compelling. Hydrogen, known for its antioxidant properties, helps neutralize harmful free radicals in the body. Oxygen, essential for cellular respiration, ensures that cells receive the energy they need to function optimally. When inhaled together, these gases can potentially enhance cellular health, reduce inflammation, and improve overall well-being.

Different Types of Machines Available

There are several types of hydrogen oxygen inhalation machines on the market, each with unique features. Some models offer higher flow rates, delivering more hydrogen and oxygen per minute. Others come equipped with advanced safety mechanisms, such as low-water alerts and automatic shut-offs. When choosing a machine, consider factors like flow rate, safety features, and ease of use.

Health Benefits of Hydrogen Oxygen Inhalation

Improved Lung Function and Respiratory Health

One of the primary benefits of hydrogen oxygen inhalation is improved lung function. This is particularly beneficial for individuals with respiratory conditions such as asthma or COPD. The inhalation of hydrogen and oxygen can help reduce inflammation in the airways, making it easier to breathe and enhancing overall respiratory health.

Enhanced Athletic Performance and Faster Recovery

Athletes are always looking for ways to boost their performance and speed up recovery times. Hydrogen oxygen inhalation can be a game-changer in this regard. The increased oxygen levels can enhance endurance, while hydrogen's antioxidant properties can help reduce muscle fatigue and inflammation. This combination allows athletes to train harder and recover faster.

Potential Benefits for Individuals with Respiratory Conditions

For those with chronic respiratory conditions, hydrogen oxygen inhalation offers a promising therapeutic option. The anti-inflammatory effects of hydrogen, coupled with the oxygen's ability to improve cellular respiration, can provide significant relief from symptoms. This makes it a valuable addition to traditional treatments for conditions like asthma, bronchitis, and COPD.

Mental Health and Cognitive Benefits

Mental health is as crucial as physical health, and hydrogen oxygen inhalation can support both. Hydrogen has been shown to have neuroprotective effects, potentially improving cognitive function and reducing symptoms of anxiety and depression. Regular inhalation sessions can help keep your mind sharp and your mood balanced.

Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Aspects

Comparison of Hydrogen Oxygen Inhalation to Traditional Inhalation Methods

Traditional inhalation methods, like nebulizers and inhalers, often rely on synthetic medications and can have side effects. Hydrogen oxygen inhalation offers a natural alternative. It uses only water and electricity to produce the therapeutic gases, making it a safer and more eco-friendly option.

Environmental Impact and Carbon Footprint

In an age where sustainability is paramount, hydrogen oxygen inhalation stands out as an environmentally friendly choice. The process generates minimal waste and has a lower carbon footprint compared to other inhalation methods. By choosing hydrogen oxygen inhalation, you're not only benefiting your health but also contributing to a greener planet.

Real-Life Experiences and Testimonials

Case Studies and Testimonials from Users

Nothing speaks louder than real-life experiences. Many users have reported remarkable improvements in their health after incorporating hydrogen oxygen inhalation into their routines. For instance, Susan, a mother of two with asthma, shared how her breathing improved significantly after just a few weeks of use. Kevin, an athlete, noted faster recovery times and enhanced performance during his training sessions.

Varied Perspectives from Health Enthusiasts, Athletes, and Individuals with Respiratory Conditions

Whether you're a health enthusiast looking to optimize your wellness, an athlete seeking to push your limits, or someone dealing with a respiratory condition, hydrogen oxygen inhalation machines have something to offer. The diverse benefits and applications make it a versatile tool in the pursuit of better health.

How to Choose the Right Machine

Key Factors to Consider When Purchasing

When selecting a hydrogen oxygen inhalation machine, it's essential to consider your specific needs. Look at the flow rate, safety features, and ease of use. A machine with a higher flow rate will deliver more hydrogen and oxygen, potentially offering greater benefits. Safety features, such as automatic shut-offs and low-water alerts, are crucial for ensuring safe operation.

Safety Precautions and Usage Guidelines

While hydrogen oxygen inhalation is generally safe, it's important to follow usage guidelines to avoid any potential risks. Always use the machine as instructed and ensure proper ventilation in the room. If you have any pre-existing medical conditions, consult with a healthcare professional before starting hydrogen oxygen inhalation.

Conclusion

Summary of the Benefits of Hydrogen Oxygen Inhalation

Hydrogen oxygen inhalation offers numerous health benefits, from improved respiratory function and enhanced athletic performance to mental health support. Its eco-friendly nature makes it a sustainable choice for those looking to reduce their environmental impact.

Call to Action for Further Engagement or Purchase

Ready to experience the benefits for yourself? Consider investing in a hydrogen oxygen inhalation machine today. It's an investment in your health and well-being that will pay off in the long run.

Final Thoughts

Hydrogen oxygen inhalation is more than just a wellness trend; it's a powerful tool for enhancing your overall health. By incorporating it into your daily routine, you can unlock a myriad of benefits and take your wellness to the next level.

FAQ

What is hydrogen oxygen inhalation?

Hydrogen oxygen inhalation involves breathing in a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gases generated by a specialized machine. This practice is believed to offer various health benefits, including improved respiratory and cognitive function.

Are hydrogen oxygen inhalation machines safe to use?

Yes, hydrogen oxygen inhalation machines are generally safe to use when operated according to the manufacturer's guidelines. Look for machines with built-in safety features and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any concerns.

How often should I use a hydrogen oxygen inhalation machine?

The frequency of use can vary depending on individual needs and health goals. Some people may use the machine daily, while others might use it a few times a week. It's best to start with shorter sessions and gradually increase the duration as your body adapts.

Reference

For a deeper understanding of hydrogen oxygen inhalation and its benefits, consider exploring the following resources:

By staying informed and making educated decisions, you can maximize the benefits of hydrogen oxygen inhalation and take charge of your health and wellness.

Experience the benefits of hydrogen oxygen inhalation for yourself. Contact us https://h2lifetech.com/for more information and to get started on your wellness journey today!

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[wonders-of-the-cosmos]

NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope has observed the well-known Ring Nebula in unprecedented detail. Formed by a star throwing off its outer layers as it runs out of fuel, the Ring Nebula is an archetypal planetary nebula. This new image from Webb’s NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) shows intricate details of the filament structure of the inner ring. There are some 20,000 dense globules in the nebula, which are rich in molecular hydrogen. In contrast, the inner region shows very hot gas. The main shell contains a thin ring of enhanced emission from carbon-based molecules known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). 

Credit: ESA/Webb, NASA, CSA, M. Barlow (University College London), N. Cox (ACRI-ST), R. Wesson (Cardiff University)

[apod]

2024 October 22

M16: Pillars of Star Creation Image Credit: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI; Processing: Diego Pisano

Explanation: These dark pillars may look destructive, but they are creating stars. This pillar-capturing picture of the Eagle Nebula combines visible light exposures taken with the Hubble Space Telescope with infrared images taken with the James Webb Space Telescope to highlight evaporating gaseous globules (EGGs) emerging from pillars of molecular hydrogen gas and dust. The giant pillars are light years in length and are so dense that interior gas contracts gravitationally to form stars. At each pillar's end, the intense radiation of bright young stars causes low density material to boil away, leaving stellar nurseries of dense EGGs exposed. The Eagle Nebula, associated with the open star cluster M16, lies about 7000 light years away.

∞ Source: apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap241022.html