#Katharina von Bora

[whencyclopedia]

Ten Women of the Protestant Reformation

Women played a vital role in the Protestant Reformation (1517-1648) not only by supporting the major reformers as wives but also through their own literary and political influence. Their contributions were largely marginalized in the past, but modern-day scholarship has highlighted women's roles and established their importance in spreading the reformed vision of Christianity.

Prior to the Reformation, the lives of women were ordered by the Catholic Church, the patriarchal nobility, and their husbands or sons. Women in the Middle Ages held jobs and some even assumed control of the family business after their husbands' death, but their opportunities were still limited, with rare exceptions, to becoming a wife and mother or a nun. After the Reformation began, women found new freedoms – as well as uncertain futures – as monasteries and nunneries were closed, eliminating the option of monastic life, while also allowing women who had been forced to become nuns to now choose their own path.

The Reformation affected women's lives throughout Europe and beyond and, as it was not a cohesive movement, different Protestant sects regarded women in different ways. The followers of Martin Luther (l. 1483-1546) believed that a woman's place was in the home, caring for the children, and those who supported the views of Huldrych Zwingli (l. 1484-1531) felt likewise, while the Anabaptists, who had emerged as their own sect from Zwingli's reforms, elevated women's status to positions of authority as ministers and prophets.

Even within more restrictive Protestant sects, however, women still found they had more of a voice and greater opportunities than before. Luther's wife, Katharina von Bora, was a former nun who married, raised children, brewed her own beer, and ran a farm, while Katharina Schutz, wife of reformer Michael Zell (d. 1548), became far more famous than her husband for her written works. The Protestant Reformation encouraged literacy because, no matter the sect, the new teaching emphasized the importance of reading the Bible for oneself, and so girls were now allowed an education whereas, previously, educating women was considered a waste of time.

Ten Women of the Reformation

The ten women on this list are only a very small sampling of the many who contributed to the Reformation and are mainly drawn from the Lutheran and Reformed sects as their lives are among the best documented:

Katharina von Bora (l. 1499-1552)

Argula von Grumbach (l. 1490 to c. 1564)

Anna Reinhart (l. c. 1484-1538)

Katharina Schutz (l. 1497-1562)

Marguerite de Navarre (l. 1492-1549)

Marie Dentiere (l. c. 1495-1561)

Katharina von Zimmern (l. 1478-1547)

Jeanne d'Albret (Joan III of Navarre, l. 1528-1572)

Anna Adischwyler (l. c. 1504-1564)

Olympia Fulvia Morata (l. 1526-1555)

These women did not suffer as greatly as many others who took a stand for their religious convictions but often endured hardships for their faith, refusing to compromise, even when doing so would have made their lives easier.

Continue reading...

[brookstonalmanac]

Holidays 12.20

Holidays

Abolition Day (Réunion)

Barahimizong (Sikkim, India)

Big Chungus Day

Bo Aung Kyaw Day (Burma)

Captain America Day

Cathode-Ray Tube Day

Day of National Mourning (Panama)

Dot Your I's Day

Dot Your I's With Smiley's Day

Fête des Cafres (Abolition of Slavery Day; Réunion, French Guiana)

Fifty Ways To Leave Your Lover Day

Fur-Day

Games Day

Go Caroling Day

Halcyon Days of Calm Seas begin

International Human Solidarity Day (UN)

International Wrinkled Shirt Day

Invocation of Molag Bal (Elder Scrolls)

Katharina von Bora Day

Kitzmas

Louisiana Purchase Effective Day

Make An Ornament Day

Mudd Day

National Gregory Day

National Steven Day

Patient Empathy Day

Poet Laureate Day

Resilience Night

Ring of Troth Day

Sacagawea Day

SARE Day (Macau)

Security Agency Worker’s Day (Russia)

Shovel Day (French Republic)

Space Force Day

State Courier Service Day (Kazakhstan)

Stolen Day

Tammasmass E'en (Orkney Islands)

Try to Remember Where You Hid the Christmas Gifts Day

World Day of Skepticism

World Kajalism Day

Wrinkled Shirt Day

Yuletide Lad #9 arrives (Bjugnakraekir or Sausage Pilferer; Iceland)

Food & Drink Celebrations

BPT Remembrance Day (Before Pop Tarts)

National Cortado Day (Spain)

National Parsley Day

National Sangria Day

Pop Tart Day

Independence & Related Days

Camboriu (Declared; 2019) [unrecognized]

Campinia (Declared; 2000) [unrecognized]

Lycem (Declared; 2012) [unrecognized]

Macau (Macau Special Administrative Region established, 1999)

South Carolina (Seceded from the U.S.; 1860)

St. John (Declared; 2013) [unrecognized]

3rd Friday in December

Christmas Jumper Day (EU) [3rd Friday]

Comfort Food Friday [Every Friday]

Five For Friday [Every Friday]

Flashback Friday [Every Friday]

Friday Finds [Every Friday]

Fry Day (Pastafarian; Fritism) [Every Friday]

Mad Friday (UK) [3rd Friday]

National Holiday Party Day [3rd Friday]

National Ugly Christmas Sweater Day [3rd Friday]

TGIF (Thank God It's Friday) [Every Friday]

Underdog Day [3rd Friday]

Weekly Holidays beginning December 20 (3rd Full Week of December)

None Known

Festivals Beginning December 20, 2024

Night of the Proms (Cologne, Germany) [thru 12.21]

NOLA Christmasfest (New Orleans, Louisiana) [thru 12.30]

Winter Beer Festival (Seattle, Washington) [thru 12.21]

Feast Days

Beverly Pepper (Artology)

Cheech & Chong Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Clodion (Artology)

David Markson (Writerism)

Dominic of Silos (Christian; Saint)

Guyton Morveau (Positivist; Saint)

Hogswatchnight (in Discworld) [December 32]

Ivana Kobilca (Artology)

Kate Atkinson (Writerism)

Midwinter’s Eve Day (Starza Pagan Book of Days)

Mōdraniht (Mother’s Night; Anglo-Saxon Pagans)

Mother Night (Beginning of Yuletide; Celtic, Pagan) [Begins at Sunset]

Nicolas-Toussaint Charlet (Artology)

Not Frank Zappas Birthday (Pastafarian)

O Clavis David (4th O Antiphon or Great Advent Antiphon; Christian) [O Key of David; 4 of 7]

Onion Stuck with 9 Pins to Send True Love Night (Old England)

Paul of Latrus (Christian; Saint)

Philogonius (Christian; Saint)

Pieter De Hooch (Artology)

Pongol of the Sun (Hindu)

The Refined Young Cannonballs (Muppetism)

Saturnalia Day 4: Unbound (Pagan)

Snowflake-Riding Championships (No Goblins; Shamanism)

Swashbuckling Day (Pastafarian)

Ursicinus of Saint-Ursanne (Christian; Saint)

Ursinus (Celtic Book of Days)

Katharina von Bora (Lutheran)

Yaldā (Iran; eve of the birth of Mithra) [Day before Winter Solstice]

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Fortunate Day (Pagan) [50 of 53]

Lucky Day (Philippines) [69 of 71]

Shakku (赤口 Japan) [Bad luck all day, except at noon.]

Premieres

All That Jazz (Film; 1979)

Aquamania (Disney Cartoon; 1961)

Beanstalk Jack (Terrytoons Cartoon; 1946)

Born on the Fourth of July (Film; 1989)

Bring Himself Back Alive (Animated Antics Cartoon; 1940)

Busybody Bear, featuring Barney Bear (MGM Cartoon; 1952)

Cat Feud (WB MM Cartoon; 1958)

Cats (Film; 2019)

The Color Purple (Film; 1985)

Concert for Bangladesh (Live Album; 1971)

Double Dribble (Disney Cartoon; 1946)

Dreamgirls (Broadway Musical; 1981)

The Dumb Cluck (Oswald the Lucky Rabbit Cartoon; 1937)

Everybody Plays the Fool, recorded by The Main Ingredient (Song; 1971)

Father of the Bride (Film; 1991)

Flaming Star (Film; 1960) [Elvis Presley #6]

Gangs of New York (Film; 2002)

The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (Film; 2011)

The Godfather Part II (Film; 1974)

The Greatest Showman (Film; 2017)

Grimm’s Fairy Tales (Fairy Tale Collection; 1812)

The Hand is Pinker Than the Eye (Pink Panther Cartoon; 1967)

Hare Lift (WB LT Cartoon; 1952)

The Horse in the Gray Flannel Suit (Film; 1968)

Hot Rocks 1964-1971, by The Rolling Stones (Compilation Album; 1971)

I’m Cold (Tex Avery Chilly Willy Cartoon; 1954)

Island at the Top if the World (Film; 1974)

It’s a Wonderful Life (Film; 1946)

Ivanhoe, by Walter Scott (Novel; 1819)

JFK (Film; 1991)

Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (Film; 2017)

Lover Come Back (Film; 1961)

The Man with the Golden Gun (US Film; 1974) [James Bond #9]

My Fellow Americans (Film; 1996)

Name That Tune (Radio Series; 1952)

Out of Africa (Film; 1985)

Percy Jackson and the Olympians (TV Series; 2023)

Persuasion, by Jane Austen (Novel; 1817) [#6]

Pinkcome Tax (Pink Panther Cartoon; 1968)

Pink in the Drink (Pink Panther Cartoon; 1978)

Puny Express (Woody Woodpecker Cartoon; 1950)

Rocky’s Dilemma or A Squirrel in a Stew (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S1, Ep. 7; 1959)

Rosamunde, by Helmina von Chézy with incidental music by Franz Schubert (Play; 1823)

The Sand Pebbles (Film; 1966)

Scream (Film; 1996)

The Shooting of Caribou Lou (The Inspector Cartoon; 1967)

Star Wars: Episode IX — The Rise of Skywalker (Film; 2019)

The Submarine Squirrel or 20,000 Leagues Beneath the Sea (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S1, Ep. 8; 1959)

They Were Expendable (Film; 1945)

Two Weeks Notice (Film; 2002)

Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day (Disney Cartoon; 1968)

Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too! (Disney Cartoon; 1974)

The Witcher (TV Series; 2019)

Today’s Name Days

Eike, Holger, Julius, Regina (Austria)

Ignat (Bulgaria)

Eugen, Julije, Makarije, Slobodan, Zefirin (Croatia)

Dagmar (Czech Republic)

Abraham (Denmark)

Pärja, Pärje (Estonia)

Benjamin, Kerkko (Finland)

Isaac, Jacob, Théophile (France)

Eike, Holger, Julius (Germany)

Ignatios (Greece)

Teofil (Hungary)

Liberato, Macario (Italy)

Abrams, Argods, Arta, Minjona (Latvia)

Daugardas, Gražvilė, Teofilis (Lithuania)

Abraham, Amund (Norway)

Amon, Bogumiła, Dominik, Liberat, Teofil (Poland)

Ignatie (Romania)

Dagmara (Slovakia)

Domingo, Eugenio, Teófilo (Spain)

Israel, Moses (Sweden)

Ammon, Roxana, Roxanne, Roxie (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 355 of 2024; 11 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 5 of Week 51 of 2024

Celtic Tree Calendar: Ngetal (Reed) [Day 27 of 28]

Chinese: Month 11 (Bing-Zi), Day 120 (Wu-Wu)

Chinese Year of the: Dragon 4722 (until January 29, 2025) [Wu-Chen]

Hebrew: 19 Kislev 5785

Islamic: 18 Jumada II 1446

J Cal: 25 Black; Foursday [25 of 30]

Julian: 7 December 2024

Moon: 71%: Waning Gibbous

Positivist: 19 Bichat (13th Month) [Berthollet]

Runic Half Month: Jara (Year) [Day 14 of 15]

Season: Autumn or Fall (Day 90 of 90)

Week: 3rd Full Week of December

Zodiac: Sagittarius (Day 29 of 30)

[rabbits-of-negative-euphoria]

nacho libre and encarnación but it’s martin luther and katharina von bora

[racefortheironthrone]

Does the case of Fireball's marriage have a historical equivalent in the Middle Ages or Early modern period? If a woman took the holy orders, was her marriage dissolved and thus her former husband could make a new canonically valid marriage? Was this also the case for the wife if her husband took the holy orders? Was it specific to monastic vows, ordained priests (after celibacy became the norm) or other specific clerical statuses?

Excellent question!

When it comes to the case of a husband taking Holy Orders, this was a matter of some contention within the medieval Catholic Church and quite a few big name Popes exerted a lot of political capital to make clerical marriage stop. (Partly this was due to theological reasons, but mostly it came down to not wanting married priests to try to convert Church property into something their children could inherit.) So it depends on when in the Middle Ages we're talking about; the earlier you go, the more likely you are to have married priests, the later you go, the less likely that becomes. And then that wascally Martin Luther fell in love with Katharina von Bora...

The issue of women joining nunneries was less politically controversial, because it didn't raise the issue of Church property being converted from corporate to personal property. Indeed, the Church had something of a interesting incentive in the matter, because women who wanted to become nuns had to bring a "convent dowry" with them, and in the case of wealthy women or heiresses, these dowries might be rather substantial.

However, when it came to either husbands or wives entering Holy Orders, this was considered to dissolve a marriage...with one main condition. In the words of Pope Alexander III, "it is permitted for one spouse, even against the other's will, to choose the monastery...so long as a joining of the flesh has not yet occured between them."

So that could be a real sticking point. I suppose a man in Fireball's situation would need to find an abess who was willing to accept that the marriage had never been conssumated for a hefty bribe.

[joseandrestabarnia]

Taller de LUKAS CRANACH EL VIEJO (Kronach 1472- Weimar 1553) Retratos de Martín Lutero y su esposa Katharina von Bora 1529 Óleo sobre tabla Inventario 1890 n. 1160, 1139

Aquí se representa a Martín Lutero (1483-1546), el monje agustino que, en 1517, al colgar sus 95 tesis en la puerta de la iglesia de Wittenberg, inició la Reforma protestante. Junto a él aparece su esposa Katharina von Bora (1499-1552), casada en 1525. En el fondo del retrato de Lutero, a la izquierda, está inscrita la fecha de 1529, acompañado del emblema del pintor Lukas Cranach. En las colecciones Medici de 1567/1570.

Información de la Gallerie degli Uffizi, imagen/es de mi autoría.

[brookston]

Holidays 12.20

Holidays

Abolition Day (Réunion)

Big Chungus Day

Bo Aung Kyaw Day (Burma)

Captain America Day

Cathode-Ray Tube Day

Day of National Mourning (Panama)

Dot Your I's Day

Dot Your I's With Smiley's Day

Fête des Cafres (Abolition of Slavery Day; Réunion, French Guiana)

Fifty Ways To Leave Your Lover Day

Fur-Day

Games Day

Go Caroling Day

Halcyon Days of Calm Seas begin

International Human Solidarity Day (UN)

Invocation of Molag Bal (Elder Scrolls)

Katharina von Bora Day

Kitzmas

Louisiana Purchase Day

Make An Ornament Day

Mudd Day

National Gregory Day

National Steven Day

Patient Empathy Day

Poet Laureate Day

Resilience Night

Ring of Troth Day

Sacagawea Day

SARE Day (Macau)

Security Agency Worker’s Day (Russia)

Shovel Day (French Republic)

Space Force Day

Stolen Day

Tammasmass E'en (Orkney Islands)

Try to Remember Where You Hid the Christmas Gifts Day

World Day of Skepticism

World Kajalism Day

Wrinkled Shirt Day

Yuletide Lad #9 arrives (Bjugnakraekir or Sausage Pilferer; Iceland)

Food & Drink Celebrations

BPT Remembrance Day (Before Pop Tarts)

National Parsley Day

National Sangria Day

Pop Tart Day

3rd Wednesday in December

National Early Signing Day (NCAA Football) [3rd Wednesday]

Independence Days

Camboriu (Declared; 2019) [unrecognized]

Campinia (Declared; 2000) [unrecognized]

Lycem (Declared; 2012) [unrecognized]

Macau (Macau Special Administrative Region established, 1999)

St. John (Declared; 2013) [unrecognized]

Feast Days

Cheech & Chong Day (Church of the SubGenius; Saint)

Dominic of Silos (Christian; Saint)

Guyton Morveau (Positivist; Saint)

Hogswatchnight (in Discworld) [December 32]

Mōdraniht (Mother’s Night; Anglo-Saxon Pagans)

Mother Night (Beginning of Yuletide; Celtic, Pagan) [Begins at Sunset]

Not Frank Zappas Birthday (Pastafarian)

O Clavis David (4th O Antiphon or Great Advent Antiphon; Christian) [O Key of David; 4 of 7]

Paul of Latrus (Christian; Saint)

Philogonius (Christian; Saint)

Pieter De Hooch (Artology)

Pongol of the Sun (Hindu)

The Refined Young Cannonballs (Muppetism)

Saturnalia Day 4: Unbound (Pagan)

Swashbuckling Day (Pastafarian)

Ursicinus of Saint-Ursanne (Christian; Saint)

Katharina von Bora (Lutheran)

Yaldā (Iran; eve of the birth of Mithra) [Day before Winter Solstice]

Lucky & Unlucky Days

Fortunate Day (Pagan) [50 of 53]

Lucky Day (Philippines) [69 of 71]

Shakku (赤口 Japan) [Bad luck all day, except at noon.]

Premieres

All That Jazz (Film; 1979)

Aquamania (Disney Cartoon; 1961)

Born on the Fourth of July (Film; 1989)

Cat Feud (WB MM Cartoon; 1958)

Cats (Film; 2019)

The Color Purple (Film; 1985)

Concert for Bangladesh (Live Album; 1971)

Double Dribble (Disney Cartoon; 1946)

Dreamgirls (Broadway Musical; 1981)

Everybody Plays the Fool, recorded by The Main Ingredient (Song; 1971)

Father of the Bride (Film; 1991)

Flaming Star (Film; 1960) [Elvis Presley #6]

Gangs of New York (Film; 2002)

The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (Film; 2011)

The Godfather Part II (Film; 1974)

The Greatest Showman (Film; 2017)

Grimm’s Fairy Tales (Fairy Tale Collection; 1812)

Hare Lift (WB LT Cartoon; 1952)

The Horse in the Gray Flannel Suit (Film; 1968)

Hot Rocks 1964-1971, by The Rolling Stones (Compilation Album; 1971)

Island at the Top if the World (Film; 1974)

It’s a Wonderful Life (Film; 1946)

Ivanhoe, by Walter Scott (Novel; 1819)

JFK (Film; 1991)

Jumanji: Welcome to the Jungle (Film; 2017)

Lover Come Back (Film; 1961)

The Man with the Golden Gun (US Film; 1974) [James Bond #9]

My Fellow Americans (Film; 1996)

Name That Tune (Radio Series; 1952)

Out of Africa (Film; 1985)

Percy Jackson and the Olympians (TV Series; 2023)

Persuasion, by Jane Austen (Novel; 1817) [#6]

Rocky’s Dilemma or A Squirrel in a Stew (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S1, Ep. 7; 1959)

Rosamunde, by Helmina von Chézy with incidental music by Franz Schubert (Play; 1823)

The Sand Pebbles (Film; 1966)

Scream (Film; 1996)

Star Wars: Episode IX — The Rise of Skywalker (Film; 2019)

The Submarine Squirrel or 20,000 Leagues Beneath the Sea (Rocky & Bullwinkle Cartoon, S1, Ep. 8; 1959)

They Were Expendable (Film; 1945)

Two Weeks Notice (Film; 2002)

Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day (Disney Cartoon; 1968)

Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too! (Disney Cartoon; 1974)

The Witcher (TV Series; 2019)

Today’s Name Days

Eike, Holger, Julius, Regina (Austria)

Ignat (Bulgaria)

Eugen, Julije, Makarije, Slobodan, Zefirin (Croatia)

Dagmar (Czech Republic)

Abraham (Denmark)

Pärja, Pärje (Estonia)

Benjamin, Kerkko (Finland)

Isaac, Jacob, Théophile (France)

Eike, Holger, Julius (Germany)

Ignatios (Greece)

Teofil (Hungary)

Liberato, Macario (Italy)

Abrams, Argods, Arta, Minjona (Latvia)

Daugardas, Gražvilė, Teofilis (Lithuania)

Abraham, Amund (Norway)

Amon, Bogumiła, Dominik, Liberat, Teofil (Poland)

Ignatie (Romania)

Dagmara (Slovakia)

Domingo, Eugenio, Teófilo (Spain)

Israel, Moses (Sweden)

Ammon, Roxana, Roxanne, Roxie (USA)

Today is Also…

Day of Year: Day 354 of 2024; 11 days remaining in the year

ISO: Day 3 of week 51 of 2023

Celtic Tree Calendar: Ruis (Elder) [Day 23 of 28]

Chinese: Month 12 (Jia-Zi), Day 8 (Ren-Zi)

Chinese Year of the: Rabbit 4721 (until February 10, 2024)

Hebrew: 8 Teveth 5784

Islamic: 7 Jumada II 1445

J Cal: 24 Zima; Threesday [24 of 30]

Julian: 7 December 2023

Moon: 61%: Waxing Gibbous

Positivist: 18 Bichat (13th Month) [Guyton Morveau]

Runic Half Month: Jara (Year) [Day 10 of 15]

Season: Autumn (Day 89 of 89)

Zodiac: Sagittarius (Day 29 of 30)

[iwasjustgoingthere]

Book list 2024

Bored Gay Werewolf by Tony Santorella - good, especially the final result, but with that title I _was_ expecting more glam

Assistant to the Villain by Hannah Nicole Maehrer - So fun, but it's got a cliffhanger!! :(

My Murder by Katie Williams - cool book. A woman is killed by a serial killer and all his victims are revived with rare revival technology and they're in a support group together. She feels like her husband is hiding something

Murder at the Vicarage by Agatha Christie - got so attached to the main character and his wife, my OTP now

Sure, I'll Join your Cult by Maria Bamford - not quite what I was hoping it would be (when you're so desperate to find your people you'll even join a cult) but it was something to read. I guess Maria Bamford is kind of well-known but I didn't realize it

Monday begins on a Saturday by the Strugatsky brothers - well, I read 80 pages of this and then called it quits. It's interesting but I think without enough cultural context I'm missing a lot and I wasn't enjoying the read

Interesting Facts about Space by Emily Austin - <3 <3 <3

The Centre by Ayesha Manazir Siddiqi - picked this for "blind date with a book" (described as "if you liked Black Mirror, lost in translation, mystery" I believe) and was pleased with the result. I would have liked the book to have more plot but it had many very interesting topics and ideas that were also outside of my usual reading content so I'm glad I read it

My Roommate is a Vampire by Jenna Levine - very silly (enjoyable though), of course it was going to be silly but when the vampire gives her a list of things he needs help with, including to be caught up on 100 years of world history(!!!!) the first thing she does is show him Instagram, and that broke my disbelief I think. Generally I think the general SERIOUS implications of there being vampires with magical abilities is breezed past more than I personally can accept haha

Exhalation by Ted Chiang - Actually I'm not sure when I started this book but I finished it now! So good. Everyone please read Ted Chiang

A Little Life by Hanya Yanigihara - it's good but I don't feel the hype

The Burnout by Sophia Kinsella - the heroine is not smart but it was a fun book nonetheless

Der Traum von einem Baum by Maja Lunde - yes

Starter Villain by John Scalzi - Mom recommended it to me, I think the book is a bit too proud of itself but somehow I could really feel Mom while reading it. It was decent

Cursed Bunny by Bora Chung - not as disturbing as I thought it would be. I read it really quickly, it was good.

Komplett Gänsehaut by Sophie Passmann - I read the first 40 pages and the last ten and decided that was enough. I am not a fan

Here for It by R. Eric Thomas - I liked this. Made me laugh out loud and I was moved at the end. A more relevant look at the world and the US than my own perspective

Die Einsame Bodybuilderin by Yukiko Motoya - Like a more wholesome and Japanese version of Cursed Bunny. This book was next to my grandmother's bed. I enjoyed the stories, even though some were confusing and I can't find decent analysis online!

Oh Honey by Emily Austin - darker than the other books by her I've read, but you can see the "family resemblance".

The Lightning Thief by Rick Riordan - a quick reread to brighten my mood.

Mr Wrong Number by Lynn Painter - fun

The 7 Husbands of Evelyn Hugo by Taylor Jenkins Reid - enjoyable! I read Pageboy kind of shortly afterwards and the similarities are interesting. Anyway, good book.

I'm Glad My Mom Died by Jennette McCurdy - This was a good book. I don't really know her acting work but the book is very well written.

In Hinterräumen by Katharina Scholz - decent but took me longer to read than I expected, wasn't as good as I hoped

Pageboy by Elliot Page - heavy read at times but I read this quickly and like it.

Prophet by Sin Blaché, Helen Macdonald - not what I expected but not bad

In the Lives of Puppets by TJ Klune - cute and a bit sad

Listen for the Lie by Amy Tintera - I've mostly already forgotten this one but it's not bad either

Everyone in my family has killed someone by Benjamin Stevenson - the narration is kind of annoying but unfortunately the book is good. The narrator is as transparent as possible and yet somehow things still sneak by. I love a murder mystery

Longyearbyen by Christine Kristoffersen Hansen and Ingun Alette Mæhlum - borrowed from library

Everyone on this train is a suspect by Benjamin Stevenson - see #29

I have some questions for you by Rebecca Makkai - good book. More political than expected, about Me Too and the intricacies of media coverage of attacks on women

Fun Home by Alison Bechdel - a reread before I gift it to my friend David

Remarkably Bright Creatures by Shelby Van Pelt - Surprised the book wasn't originally in another language but it's just that it has a similar to tone to like, Anxious People. I really enjoyed this

The Forever War by Joe Haldeman - finally, after I read the first two pages in January, I read the rest of the book. It went quicker than expected. A soldier is sent to war in space but due to time dilution he's quickly a major oddity entirely out of touch with the planet he's supposed to be fighting for. It's impressive

Detransition, Baby by Torrey Peter - I learned a lot. Recommend

Everland by Rebecca Hunt - oh I really enjoyed this one, about two Antarctic expeditions and shows the parallels between them, very cool

Miracle and other Christmas Stories by Connie Willis - Connie Willis is cool. These stories are too, I definitely recommend these, they're very creative, some pretty independently from the christmas theme

[whencyclopedfr]

Katharina von Bora

Katharina von Bora (1499-1552, également connue sous le nom de Katharina Luther) était une ancienne moniale qui épousa Martin Luther (1483-1546) en 1525. Avec d'autres religieuses, elle s'échappa de son couvent avec l'aide de Luther en 1523, en réponse à son mouvement de réforme. Katharina est reconnue comme la force stabilisatrice de la vie de Luther qui lui permit de réaliser ses dernières œuvres.

Lire la suite...

[joostjongepier]

Wat?   Drievleugelig altaarstuk door Lucas Cranach de Jongere (1552-1555), Weimarer Lutherbibel (1534), Portretten van Maarten Luther en Katharina van Bora (1528), Gesetz und Gnade (1535-1540) uit het atelier van de Lucas Cranach de Oudere en Caritas (ca. 1540) door Lucas Cranach de Jongere [met ter vergelijking het gelijknamige werk uit Antwerpen, 1537-1540]

Waar?   Herder Kirche, Weimar en tentoonstelling Cranachs Bilderfluten in de Herzogin Anna Amalia Bibliothek, Weimar

Wanneer?   29 en 30 juli 2024

De Stadtkirche St. Peter und Paul in Weimar staat beter bekend als de Herderkirche, genaamd naar de theoloog en filosoof  Johann Gottfried von Herder. Herder werkte van 1776 tot zijn overlijden in 1803 als superintendant bij deze kerk. Op het altaar in deze kerk staat een drievleugelig altaarstuk van Lucas Cranach de Jongere. Lang werd aangenomen dat het stuk was aangevangen door diens vader, maar recente onderzoeken wijzen erop dat het werk tussen 1552 en 1555 door Lucas de Jongere is geschilderd.

Op het linker paneel zijn de opdrachtgevers afgebeeld: Johann Friedrich I van Saksen en zijn vrouw Sybilla van Jülich-Kleve-Berg en op het rechterpaneel hun drie  kinderen: Johann Friedrich II, Johann Wilhelm I en Johann Friedrich III. Op het hoofdpaneel zien we een afbeelding van de kruisiging. Jezus is op dit paneel driemaal afgebeeld: als Gekruisigde, als opgestane Heer en als Lam Gods. Onder het kruis staan Johannes de Doper, Lucas Cranach de Oudere en Maarten Luther. Deze laatste wijst op een passage in zijn Bijbelvertaling over de verlossing door het bloed van Jezus. Bij de voeten van Jezus zien we de verdrijving van Adam uit het Paradijs. Op de achtergrond twee scènes die wijzen op Gods genade: Mozes die een slang opricht in de woestijn (Numeri 19) en de aanbidding door de herders.

In de renaissancezaal van de Hertogin Anna Amalia Bibliotheek is een kleine tentoonstelling gewijd aan het atelier van Lucas Cranach de Oudere en zijn zoon. Het was één van de meest productieve ateliers uit de kunstgeschiedenis. Ze produceerden beelden in allerlei vorm: schilderijen, grafiek, geïllustreerde boeken en medailles. Wat betreft boeken is het meest indrukwekkende voorbeeld de Weimarer Lutherbijbel, een uitgave van de eerste volledige Bijbelvertaling door Maarten Luther met afbeeldingen van onder meer Lucas Cranach de Oudere.

Tot de bekendste schilderijen op deze tentoonstelling behoort het portret van Maarten Luther, dat evenals dat van zijn echtgenote Katharina van Bora afkomstig is uit het atelier van de Cranachs.

Luthers rechtvaardigingsleer wordt afgebeeld op het werk Gesetz und Gnade. Een boom verdeelt het beeld in twee zones; links de zonde, rechts de genade. Op het linkerdeel zien we Adam en Eva met de slang bij de boom der kennis van goed en kwaad, Adam die door de duivel naar het hellevuur wordt gedreven en Mozes met de tafelen der wet en bovenin God als rechter. Rechts zien we Johannes de Doper met Adam, die geraakt wordt door het genadebloed van Christus, Jezus als overwinnaar van Dood en Duivel, het Lam Gods, Mozes en de bronzen slang, Maria die het Kind verwacht en bovenin zien we nog net de voeten van Jezus, die ten hemel vaart. Onder de schildering staan Bijbelteksten die betrekking hebben op Luthers rechtvaardigingsleer.

Het schilderij Caritas toont Caritas, de personificatie van moeder- en naastenliefde, zittend onder een appelboom. Zij geeft één van haar kinderen borstvoeding, terwijl twee andere naakte kinderen naast haar staan. Eén van hen heeft een appel in de hand. Een variant op dit schilderij hangt in het Museum van Schone Kunsten in Antwerpen. Ook hier geeft ze één kind borstvoeding, terwijl een ander kind naast haar zit en een derde zich achter haar rug bevindt en de armen om haar hals slaat.

[a-space-for-mimi]

I find Martin Luther's "love story" so funny. Like, during the Reformation, a bunch of priests and nuns basically paired off with each other (because the Bible doesn't actually forbid clergy from getting married) so they all got married to each other until Luther and Katharina von Bora were left. He didn't want to get married but they did out of spite as a rebellion against the Roman Catholic Church and I find that absolutely hilarious 😂😂😂. If I remember correctly, they were very grateful to each other and glad that they did get married. It'd be funny to write a story based on them. They hilariously fit the "contract marriage" trope 😂😂😂. (If any of you are Roman Catholic, I hope you don't take offense to this. I just disagree with what they teach.)

[yhwhrulz]

Today's Daily Encounter Wednesday, February 14, 2024

Love For A Lifetime: Friendship

"…This is my beloved and this is my friend…"1

Martin Luther is widely known as one of the leaders of the Protestant Reformation. After a powerful encounter with God, in which he was nearly struck by lightning, Luther became a priest and monk; taking vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience to God for the rest of his life. We've heard much of Martin Luther the theologian, but very little attention is given to Martin Luther the husband. Nevertheless, his wife, Katharina, was an ever-present influence in his life and in his work.

Katharina von Bora was one of a dozen young, runaway nuns rescued by Luther that led to a most unusual friendship and marriage. These nuns had longed to marry and become mothers. Although this was an offense punishable by death, Luther helped them escape and eventually helped them either return to their families or find a husband — all except Katharina. Luther tried repeatedly to find a husband for Katharina, with no success. Being a very bold woman, she went so far as to tell Luther that if he could not find her a husband, she expected him to step up and become her husband! However, Luther had no intention of ever marrying, often saying, "…they will never thrust a wife on me!" Much to everyone's surprise, in 1525, 8 years after leaving the priesthood, the ex-monk Martin married the ex-nun Katharina. What is perhaps most curious is that their marriage did not start with love or attraction, but rather a commitment to the principles of the Bible and service to God. The couple's early years were reportedly awkward, likely because neither had spent much time in the company of the opposite sex during their life in monasteries. Even so, they were known for being brutally honest with each other, poking fun at each other, and doing so as friends. Letters between them often consisted of teasing, but it was evident that, through their years together, the Luther's built a genuine friendship.

Martin Luther suffered from many illnesses, including severe depression. Katharina, ever at his side, would hold him, pray for him, comfort him, and read scripture to him. Martin often spoke of his wife with tenderness. He wrote, "I am a happy husband and may God continue to send me happiness, from that most gracious woman, my best of wives." Luther's earlier teachings made marriage out to be a sort of necessary evil to stave off sexual temptation. But, as his loving marital friendship with Katharina grew, his perspective matured. One of my favorite statements Martin Luther made of marriage is, "The greatest gift of grace a man can have is a pious, God-fearing, home loving wife, whom he can trust with all his goods, body, and life itself, as well as having her as the mother of his children."

"Marriage is about friendship — spending time and doing life together, making memories, being a good listener, growing old and taking care of each other, being honest, having the long view of things, repenting and forgiving can be summed up in one word — friendship".2 A strong friendship is the foundation of a love for a lifetime!

Suggested Prayer: Dear Lord, thank you for the husband/wife you chose to bless me with. I place them and our relationship in your loving hands. Help me love him/her as you love them. In Jesus' name, Amen.

Song of Solomon 5:16 (ESV).

"Real Marriage" by Mark and Grace Driscoll, 2012.

Today's Encounter was written by: Veronica B.

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[tmarshconnors]

"Be careful not to measure your holiness by other peoples sins."

Martin Luther was a German priest, theologian, author, hymnwriter, professor, and Augustinian friar. He was the seminal figure of the Protestant Reformation.

Cloistered Monk to Reformer: Before becoming a key figure in the Protestant Reformation, Martin Luther was a devout Augustinian monk. He entered the monastery in Erfurt, Germany, against his father's wishes, seeking spiritual fulfillment. It was during this time that he struggled with questions of salvation and the nature of God's grace, ultimately leading to his theological breakthroughs.

Tower Experience: Legend has it that Martin Luther had a pivotal moment in his life known as the "Tower Experience." In 1517, while in a tower at Wittenberg, Luther is said to have had a profound spiritual revelation that sparked his theological insights, eventually leading to the posting of his famous "95 Theses" on the door of the Castle Church.

Translation of the Bible: Martin Luther played a significant role in translating the Bible into German, making it more accessible to the common people. Completed in 1534, Luther's translation of the New Testament and later the Old Testament into German greatly contributed to the standardization and development of the German language.

Marriage to Katharina von Bora: In 1525, Martin Luther married Katharina von Bora, a former nun. This marriage was considered scandalous at the time, as it challenged the celibacy vows associated with monastic life. Luther and Katharina had a happy and supportive marriage, and they had six children together.

Advocacy for Education: Martin Luther was a strong advocate for education. He believed in the importance of educating the masses and worked to establish schools. His commitment to education laid the foundation for the development of a literate and educated society, and his ideas influenced the later establishment of compulsory education in some regions.

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 6.13 (before 1950)

313 – The decisions of the Edict of Milan, signed by Constantine the Great and co-emperor Valerius Licinius, granting religious freedom throughout the Roman Empire, are published in Nicomedia. 1325 – Ibn Battuta begins his travels, leaving his home in Tangiers to travel to Mecca (gone 24 years). 1381 – In England, the Peasants' Revolt, led by Wat Tyler, comes to a head, as rebels set fire to the Savoy Palace. 1514 – Henry Grace à Dieu, at over 1,000 tons the largest warship in the world at this time, built at the new Woolwich Dockyard in England, is dedicated. 1525 – Martin Luther marries Katharina von Bora, against the celibacy rule decreed by the Roman Catholic Church for priests and nuns. 1625 – King Charles I of England marries Catholic princess Henrietta Maria of France and Navarre, at Canterbury. 1740 – Georgia provincial governor James Oglethorpe begins an unsuccessful attempt to take Spanish Florida during the Siege of St. Augustine. 1774 – Rhode Island becomes the first of Britain's North American colonies to ban the importation of slaves. 1777 – American Revolutionary War: Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette lands near Charleston, South Carolina, in order to help the Continental Congress to train its army. 1805 – Lewis and Clark Expedition: Scouting ahead of the expedition, Meriwether Lewis and four companions sight the Great Falls of the Missouri River. 1850 – The American League of Colored Laborers, the first African American labor union in the United States, is established in New York City. 1855 – Twentieth opera of Giuseppe Verdi, Les vêpres siciliennes ("The Sicilian Vespers"), is premiered in Paris. 1881 – The USS Jeannette is crushed in an Arctic Ocean ice pack. 1886 – A fire devastates much of Vancouver, British Columbia. 1893 – Grover Cleveland notices a rough spot in his mouth and on July 1 undergoes secret, successful surgery to remove a large, cancerous portion of his jaw; the operation was not revealed to the public until 1917, nine years after the president's death. 1895 – Émile Levassor wins the world's first real automobile race. Levassor completed the 732-mile course, from Paris to Bordeaux and back, in just under 49 hours, at a then-impressive speed of about fifteen miles per hour (24 km/h). 1898 – Yukon Territory is formed, with Dawson chosen as its capital. 1917 – World War I: The deadliest German air raid on London of the war is carried out by Gotha G.IV bombers and results in 162 deaths, including 46 children, and 432 injuries. 1927 – Aviator Charles Lindbergh receives a ticker tape parade up 5th Avenue in New York City. 1944 – World War II: The Battle of Villers-Bocage: German tank ace Michael Wittmann ambushes elements of the British 7th Armoured Division, destroying up to fourteen tanks, fifteen personnel carriers and two anti-tank guns in a Tiger I tank. 1944 – World War II: German combat elements, reinforced by the 17th SS Panzergrenadier Division, launch a counterattack on American forces near Carentan. 1944 – World War II: Germany launches the first V1 Flying Bomb attack on England. Only four of the eleven bombs strike their targets.

[christophe76460]

L'IDÉAL RÉFORMATEUR DU MARIAGE

Notre mémoire de ce qui s’est passé pendant la Réforme du XVIe siècle a été quelque peu sélective. En tant qu’héritiers du protestantisme réformé, nous nous en souvenons principalement comme d’une récupération de l’Évangile et de la manière biblique d’adorer. Mais nous devons également le rappeler comme une grande renaissance de la compréhension biblique du mariage.

S'appuyant sur la piété monastique de l'Antiquité tardive – trouvée chez des auteurs tels qu'Augustin et Jérôme – l'Église médiévale en était venue à considérer la vie célibataire du monastère ou du couvent comme le germe d'une spiritualité bien supérieure à celle trouvée dans les maisons de ceux qui étions mariés. Le célibataire, disait-on, vivait la vie des anges et faisait donc déjà, d’une certaine manière, l’expérience de la vie du monde à venir. Cependant, avec la corruption croissante de l'Église à la fin du Moyen Âge, la réalité était qu'un trop grand nombre de membres du clergé étaient célibataires mais pas chastes.

Luther, mari et père pionnier

Bien que Martin Luther n'ait pas été le premier des réformateurs à se marier et à fonder une famille, son mariage avec Katharina von Bora, le 13 juin 1525, devint à bien des égards l'idéal paradigmatique de la famille protestante. Au départ, leur mariage n’était pas un mariage d’amour. Katharina s'était échappée d'un couvent à Nimbsch, près de Grimma, avec un certain nombre d'autres religieuses et s'était retrouvée à Wittenberg pour chercher refuge. Pendant un certain temps, Luther a agi comme une sorte d’intermédiaire matrimonial, cherchant à trouver des maris aux religieuses. Finalement, Katharina est restée seule et Luther l'a épousée, dit-il, pour plaire à son père, qui avait toujours voulu avoir des petits-enfants, et aussi, comme Luther l'a dit de manière inimitable, pour contrarier le pape.

Nous devons également rappeler la Réforme comme un grand rétablissement de la compréhension biblique du mariage.

Ce ne sont pas l�� les meilleures raisons de se marier, mais avec le temps, leur mariage « s’est épanoui en un partenariat d’une réelle profondeur et d’une dévotion touchante », pour citer Andrew Pettegree dans sa récente étude sur Martin Luther. Ce « joyeux succès » du mariage de Martin et Katharina et des six enfants issus de leur union est devenu, selon les mots de Pettegree, « un archétype puissant de la nouvelle famille protestante ». L’amour de Luther pour ses enfants l’a amené à voir à juste titre que le don des fils et des filles était au cœur des joies du mariage. Et « les gens qui n’aiment pas les enfants », a-t-il dit un jour dans son style direct, sont « des cancres et des imbéciles, qui ne méritent pas d’être appelés hommes et femmes, parce qu’ils méprisent les bénédictions de Dieu, le créateur et l’auteur du mariage ».

Le mariage de Jean Calvin

Lorsque Jean Calvin s'est marié, il a dit à son ami proche et collègue William Farel à la fin des années 1530 qu'il n'était pas du tout préoccupé par la beauté physique. Ce qu’il voulait, c’était une épouse chaste et sensée, économe et patiente, et capable de « prendre soin de ma santé ».

Contrairement à Luther, qui s'est montré très public en ce qui concerne les détails de sa vie conjugale, Calvin a rarement parlé de son mariage avec Idelette de Bure au cours de leurs huit ans et demi de mariage : elle est décédée en mars 1549, après avoir souffert de problèmes de santé pendant un certain temps. nombre d'années. Mais de temps en temps, une remarque montre à quel point ils étaient proches l'un de l'autre. Par exemple, Calvin était avec sa femme à Strasbourg au printemps 1541. Une peste faisait rage dans la ville et Calvin décida de rester à Strasbourg mais renvoya sa femme pour sa propre sécurité. Il écrit à Farel que « jour et nuit, ma femme était constamment dans mes pensées, ayant besoin de conseils maintenant qu'elle est séparée de son mari ».

Ils eurent un fils, Jacques, qui mourut peu après sa naissance en 1542. « Le Seigneur, écrit Calvin à un ami proche Pierre Viret, a certainement infligé une blessure grave et amère dans la mort de notre bébé. Mais il est lui-même père et sait mieux que quiconque ce qui est bon pour ses enfants.

Au moment de la mort de sa femme, Calvin déclarait dans une lettre à Farel :

En vérité, mon chagrin n’est pas commun. J'ai perdu le meilleur ami de ma vie, celui qui, s'il en avait été ainsi, aurait volontiers partagé non seulement ma pauvreté mais aussi ma mort. Durant sa vie, elle a été la fidèle assistante de mon ministère.

Il s’agit d’un passage remarquable qui révèle la profondeur du changement provoqué par la Réforme protestante. Le mariage était désormais considéré comme Dieu l’avait prévu dans Genèse 2 : l’union d’alliés intimes travaillant pour une cause commune, à savoir l’extension du royaume de Dieu.

- Michael Haykin

[ainsi-soit-il]

Katharina [von Bora] may have prepared the food and served the men gathered around the table, but she didn't remain on the fringe of these male-dominated social interactions. Katharina had a seat at the table and participated in the conversation, voicing her own opinions, asking questions, and contributing to the discussion. Many of the Table Talk recorders referred to the gathering as "Katy's table," and one scribe in particular, Konrad Cordatus, complained about Katharina's long speeches and the fact that she, as a housewife, didn't refrain from interrupting her husband. When Luther once joked to a guest, "Indulge a meek host, for he is obedient to the lady," Cordatus wrote irritably, "This is most certainly true!" Not only did Cordatus not appreciate the fact that Katharina was allowed a voice, he clearly considered Luther weak because of it. Luther, on the other hand, didn't seem to care whether his friends and guests approved of the nontraditional social etiquette around his dinner table.

Michelle DeRusha, Katharina and Martin Luther.

[marrrlined]

Lutero

La película Lutero de 2003 es un drama histórico que relata la vida del teólogo alemán Martín Lutero, quien fue un personaje clave en la Reforma Protestante del siglo XVI. La película comienza con Lutero como un joven estudiante de derecho en la Universidad de Erfurt, donde se convierte en monje después de sobrevivir a una tormenta eléctrica. A partir de ahí, su fe se profundiza y comienza a cuestionar las prácticas corruptas de la Iglesia Católica, especialmente la venta de indulgencias.

La película muestra el tormento interno que Lutero siente ante la percepción de que nunca hace suficiente para ganar la salvación eterna de su alma, así como los cambios que ocurren en él con respecto a su comprensión de las Escrituras y su búsqueda de la verdad espiritual. 

Lutero se convierte en un predicador popular y comienza a difundir sus ideas a través de sus sermones y escritos, lo que le lleva a ser excomulgado por el Papa León X. Sin embargo, sus ideas se extienden rápidamente por toda Europa y se convierten en la base del protestantismo. A lo largo de la película, se muestra cómo Lutero lucha contra la oposición de la Iglesia y los gobernantes políticos, incluyendo su enfrentamiento con el emperador Carlos V en la Dieta de Worms.

La película muestra varios aspectos importantes de su vida, incluyendo sus interacciones con otros líderes religiosos de la época, como Juan Calvino, su tiempo en Wartburg escribiendo y reflexionando sobre las escrituras, y su matrimonio con Katharina von Bora.

La película culmina con la influencia que Lutero ha tenido en la Reforma Protestante, y su legado vivo entre los protestantes modernos, con lo que se evidencia su impacto en el mundo religioso y su influencia en la historia de la humanidad.