#J N Chaney

[brucedinsman]

Book Review: Ghost in the Deep by J N Chaney

                                                                                                                                                           Ghost in the Deep (Backyard Starship Book 17) Ghost in the Deep by J.N. ChaneyMy rating: 5 of 5 starsKindle Another awesome ride That was really something. Truth be told, Van has been acting like a Master so why not be one? More and more his…

[dzelonis]

Mēneša grāmata(s) #115 - Augusts 2024

[semper-legens]

14. The Amber Project, by J N Chaney

Owned: Yes Page count: 354 My summary: The world was lost long ago. A mysterious gas spread over the land, killing most organic life and mutating the rest, leaving the Earth uninhabitable. A fraction of humanity survived underground, waiting until the surface can once more be traversed. Hope comes with a genetic experiment - children born both human and Variant. But will they bring salvation? My rating: 2.5/5  

This was a Christmas present and, I’m sad to say, a rather bland one. If I had to guess, I’d say this book’s inception was during the YA dystopia trend sparked by the popularity of the Hunger Games books. It follows the format reasonably well - kids being used by their government, It Turns Out We Were The Real Apocalypse, the main kid being the specialest of all the special characters, but I didn’t really see any merit other than that, sadly. Were it not for the fact that this is going to be sitting on my bookshelf, I’d probably forget it existed after a few days. But here we are.

The book’s focus is between two/three groups of characters. There’s the kids, genetically engineered to be able to live on the surface, the mother of the main kid who’s slowly turning against the system, and the scientists and military who created and are teaching the kids (though they overlap immensely with the first two groups). This gave a wide view into the world and its various factions, but I feel like we lost some personalisation with it - you don’t spend as much time with the characters as individuals, so you get less of an insight into their personal worlds. In particular, the inciting incident of the climax is two boys escaping to the surface, but I think their reasons for doing so could have been better foreshadowed and explored if the narrative had spent more time with them.

Itself, the world of this book is a pretty standard dystopia. One neat thing was that there wasn’t so much delivered as exposition, the reader picking up on cues from the environment to clue them into what was going on in this world, which was a good way to do it. Still, by the time the climax hit with its Big Revelations, I found myself not caring. I didn’t feel invested enough in the world to care.

Because overall, this book’s just kind of bland? The characters weren’t very deep, and the dialogue was stilted and clumsy in places. I didn’t connect with it at all, and I doubt I’ll be reading this book again. Sorry, but that’s just how it is sometimes.

Next up, more horror, and more Junji Ito.

[mariusroyale]

You better give us some headcanons on the crew /j

Unless-

uh hah ha-

LESSS GOOOO

Kwazii:

- what’s the bet he watches and rewatches pirates of the Caribbean

- he’s littered with scars! battle scars he calls em and it stresses out peso bc he doesn’t WANT MORE SCARS ON HIM

- i hc him as bi! he just radiates bi energy to me-

- he blinks slow around peso :>>

- has used his claws to pick locks before!

- kwaso bc duh- he loves rubbing his face against pesos like he can’t help it he jus HAS to bc he loves him sm

- this is sort of canon already but he can’t go a minute without jumping or doing front flips anywhere like he GAHTTA MOVE

- when he’s thoroughly spooked he’ll jump extra high and cling onto the ceiling like in those cartoons akdjdkdh

Peso:

- often studies when he’s not busy!! gotta know more abt how to help sea creatures he hasn’t encountered yet after all

- sings/chirps when he’s v v happy

- FLAPS when he’s happy too hahdkfjd

- i think he’d like watching medical dramas! probably me projecting but i like them

- WHAT IF HES INTO KDRAMAS (ive only gotten into one but that hc is cute ahehsj)

- loves listening to kwazii’s stories!! (this is already canon basically (cough cough, that snail ep in season 5))

- I’d like to think he preens sometimes! just sorta fixing up his feathers and some (kwazii) of the crew are like ‘why are u stabbing urself’

- is a super fast swimmer! this is already confirmed p much but like HELLA FAST

Barnacles:

- enjoys listening to classical music

- also SOME HARD ROCK IF HES FEELING IT

- is BEEG LIKE 🅱️EEG 🅱️EEFY 🅱️OLAR 🅱️EAR

- could sometimes act like captain holt in my version of the crew!

- and by that i mean he sees kwazii as a son and would die for him (not if i die for u first captain!)

- when really really tired (as in u can’t save him with coffee) he’ll just blabber abt how much he treasures the crew and how much he’ll do for them

- sometimes he doesn’t get enough sleep! (like tweak-) and peso as his doctor has to keep him in check cos like yeah captain ur strong as shit but ur still old!!!

- his teefs are super fuckin S H A R P like sometimes when he needs a knife or maybe scissors he’ll just *SLICE*

- he’s obviously a huge softie but man this guy is SUCH a cutie patootie id imagine if he was in a relationship he’d be nonstop affection and all that

- speaking OF affection, he’ll pull kwazii into these big ass BEAR HUGS bc augwh he loves this cat so much “my SO N” “CAP LOOSEN IT A LITTLE IM A BIT SQUISHED-“

- bad at cooking but delights in watching cooking shows from time to time

- probably watches bob ross

- ohhhhh my god he could totally be an artist n stuff

Shellington:

- this one’s so stupid but, tweak and kwazii keep giggling whenever they make him say ‘LAWRENCE CHANEY’ KAHAKAHDS

- I’d like to think he tries to learn new languages too!

- falls asleep at his desk sometimes and one of the crew either carries him to bed or puts a blanket over him

- tries his hand at cooking with his children the vegimals! does not work out well he’s a disaster

- enjoys watching stuff on YouTube! u decide what youtubers he watches

- could hc him as ace!

- does that thing and eats ice

- he’s a lanky guy but almost reaches the captains height in my version

Dashi:

- sometimes when she’s really really frustrated she’ll just accidentally bark and she’ll just be like “😳 my bad-“

- when she’s particularly delirious (exhaustion, probably) she’ll chase her tail

- when she gets really excited her tail will wag really really fast

- adjdk sometimes when she’s super hungry she’ll skip chewing food and just I N H A L E (re: does not bode well when it’s noodles)

- sometimes she’ll just sleep in weird ass positions, neck tilted n all that

- loves dressing up tweak sometimes when she’s comfy with it (gives her her own stylish tomboy fits and stuff)

- LOOOOVES the barbie movies god she grew up on them and sometimes she’ll just watch fashion fairytale or princess charm school

- forces koshi to watch them too (she also loves them)

- visibly winces when kwazii tries mimicking her Aussie (tho it sounds p kiwi to me) accent

- probably watches drag race

Tweak:

- watches game grumps ajdjd

- sometimes gets too loud in her room when playing games cos she’ll get mad n shit

- “GODDDDAAMMIT I WAS SO CLOSE TO COMPLETING IT”

“TWEAK PLEASE ITS 2 AM GO TO SLEEP”

- sometimes she’ll just. eat leaves (even when they’re just on land in the wild if she knows it’s safe she’ll just. *nom*)

- goes NUTS whenever she makes blueprints that are like, detachable parts of a gup that are also modes of transport like she loves that the gup k and gup q

- like making it she’s like “HOHOHOJOUO WE GETTIN FUNKY WITH IT TONIGHT BOIZ” and it’s midnight and ‘bois’ is herself

- wants to redesign the gup f! ofc it was dodgy and is now a teeny artificial reef but she wants to make a new one that looks like the design she wanted initially !! (clownfish im p sure at least)

- her and kwazii get up to stupid shit in my version, assuming it doesn’t harm her gups or other creations

- when she’s pissed off/frustrated, she’ll tap her foot really quick repeatedly

- and while her ears twirl around each other when she’s scared, her nose also twitches!

[unknown-songs]

BLACK LIVES MATTER

A list with black artists who have a song in the Unknown Songs That Should Be Known-playlist (Can be a black artist in a band or just solo-artist) (no specific genre)

Bull’s Eye - Blacknuss, Prince Prime - Funk Aftershow - Joe Fox - Alternative Hip-hop Strangers in the Night - Ben L’Oncle Soul - Soul Explore - Mack Wilds - R&B Something To Do - IGBO - Funk

Down With The Trumpets - Rizzle Kicks - Pop Dans ta ville - Dub Inc. - Reggae Dance or Die - Brooklyn Funk Essentials - Funk FACELESS - The PLAYlist, Glenn Lewis - R&B Tell Me Father - Jeangu Macrooy - Soul

Southern Boy - John The Conquerer - Blues Hard Rock Savannah Grass - Kes - Dancehall Dr. Funk - The Main Squeeze - Funk Seems I’m Never Tired of Loving You - Lizz Wright - Jazz Out of My Hands - TheColorGrey, Oddisee - Hip-Hop/Pop

Raised Up in Arkansas - Michael Burks - Blues Black Times - Sean Kuti, Egypt 80, Carlos Santana - Afrobeat Cornerstone - Benjamin Clementine - Indie Shine On - R.I.O., Madcon - Electronic Pop Bass On The Line - Bernie Worrell - Funk

When We Love - Jhené Aiko - R&B Need Your Love - Curtis Harding - Soul Too Dry to Cry - Willis Earl Beal - Folk Your House - Steel Pulse - Reggae Power - Moon Boots, Black Gatsby - Deep House

Vinyl Is My Bible - Brother Strut - Funk Diamond - Izzy Biu - R&B Elusive - blackwave., David Ngyah - Hip-hop Don’t Ever Let Nobody Drag Your Spirit Down - Heritage Blues Orchestra - Blues Sastanàqqàm - Tinariwen - Psychedelic Rock

Disco To Go - Brides of Funkenstein - Funk/Soul Circles - Durand Jones & The Indications - Retro Pop Cheesin’ - Cautious Clay, Remi Wolf, sophie meiers - R&B Changes - Charles Bradley - Soul The Sweetest Sin - RAEVE - House

Gyae Su - Pat Thomas, Kwashibu Area Band - Funk What Am I to Do - Ezra Collective, Loyle Carner - Hip-hop Get Your Groove On - Cedric Burnside - Blues Old Enough To Know Better - Steffen Morrisson - Soul Wassiye - Habib Koité - Khassonke musique

Dance Floor - Zapp - Funk Wake Up - Brass Against, Sophia Urista - Brass Hard-Rock BIG LOVE - Black Eyed Peas - Pop The Greatest - Raleigh Ritchie - R&B DYSFUNCTIONAL - KAYTRANADA, VanJess - Soul

See You Leave - RJD2, STS, Khari Mateen - Hip-hop Sing A Simple Song - Maceo Parker - Jazz/Funk Have Mercy - Eryn Allen Kane - Soul Homenage - Brownout - Latin Funk Can’t Sleep - Gary Clark Jr. - Blues Rock

Toast - Koffee - Dancehall Freedom - Ester Dean - R&B Iskaba - Wande Coal, DJ Tunez - Afropop High Road - Anthony Riley - Alternative Christian Sunny Days - Sabrina Starke - Soul

The Talking Fish - Ibibio Sound Machine - Funk Paralyzed - KWAYE - Indie Purple Heart Blvd - Sebastian Kole - Pop WORSHIP - The Knocks, MNEK - Deep House BMO - Ari Lennox - R&B

Promises - Myles Sanko - Soul .img - Brother Theodore - Funk Singing the Blues - Ruthie Foster, Meshell Ndegeocello - Blues Nobody Like You - Amartey, SBMG, The Livingtons - Hip-hop Starship - Afriquoi, Shabaka Hutchings, Moussa Dembele - Deep House

Lay My Troubles Down - Aaron Taylor - Funk  Bloodstream - Tokio Myers - Classic Sticky - Ravyn Lenae - R&B Why I Try - Jalen N’Gonda - Soul Motivation - Benjamin Booker - Folk

quand c’est - Stromae - Pop Let Me Down (Shy FX Remix) - Jorja Smith, Stormzy, SHY FX - Reggae Funny - Gerald Levert - R&B Salt in my Wounds - Shemekia Copeland - Blues Our Love - Samm Henshaw - Soul

Make You Feel That Way - Blackalicious - Jazz Hip-hop Knock Me Out - Vintage Trouble - Funk Take the Time - Ronald Bruner, Jr., Thundercat - Alternative Thru The Night - Phonte, Eric Roberson - R&B Keep Marchin’ - Raphael Saadiq - Soul

Shake Me In Your Arms - Taj Mahal, Keb’ Mo’ - Blues Meet Me In The Middle - Jodie Abascus - Pop Raise Hell - Sir the Baptist, ChurchPpl - Gospel Pop Mogoya - Oumou Sangaré - Wassoulou Where’s Yesterday - Slakah The Beatchild - Hip-hop

Lose My Cool - Amber Mark - R&B New Funk - Big Sam’s Funky Nation - Funk I Got Love - Nate Dogg - Hip-hop Nothing’s Real But Love - Rebecca Ferguson - Soul Crazy Race - The RH Factor - Jazz

Spies Are Watching Me - Voilaaa, Sir Jean - Funk The Leaders - Boka de Banjul - Afrobeat Fast Lane - Rationale - House Conundrum - Hak Baker - Folk Don’t Make It Harder On Me - Chloe x Halle - R&B

Plastic Hamburgers - Fantastic Negrito - Hardrock Beyond - Leon Bridges - Pop God Knows - Dornik - Soul Soleil de volt - Baloji - Afrofunk Do You Remember - Darryl Williams, Michael Lington - Jazz Get Back - McClenney - Alternative Three Words - Aaron Marcellus - Soul

Spotify playlist 

In memory of:

Aaron Bailey Adam Addie Mae Collins Ahmaud Arbery Aiyana Stanley Jones Akai Gurley Alberta Odell Jones Alexia Christian Alfonso Ferguson Alteria Woods Alton Sterling Amadou Diallo Amos Miller Anarcha Westcott Anton de Kom Anthony Hill Antonio Martin Antronie Scott Antwon Rose Jr. Arthur St. Clair Atatiana Jefferson Aubrey Pollard Aura Rosser Bennie Simons Berry Washington Bert Dennis Bettie Jones Betsey Billy Ray Davis Bobby Russ Botham Jean Brandon Jones Breffu Brendon Glenn Breonna Taylor Bud Johnson Bussa

Calin Roquemore Calvin McDowell Calvin Mike and his family Carl Cooper Carlos Carson Carlotta Lucumi Carol Denise McNair Carol Jenkins Carole Robertson Charles Curry Charles Ferguson Charles Lewis Charles Wright Charly Leundeu Keunang Chime Riley Christian Taylor Christopher Sheels Claude Neal Clementa Pickney Clifford Glover Clifton Walker Clinton Briggs Clinton R. Allen Cordella Stevenson Corey Carter Corey Jones Cynthia Marie Graham Hurd Cynthia Wesley

Daniel L. Simmons Danny Bryant Darius Randell Robinson Darius Tarver Darrien Hunt Darrius Stewart David Felix David Joseph David McAtee David Walker and his family Deandre Brunston Deborah Danner Delano Herman Middleton Demarcus Semer Demetrius DuBose Depayne Middleton-Doctor Dion Johnson Dominique Clayton Dontre Hamilton Dred Scott

Edmund Scott Ejaz Choudry Elbert Williams Eleanor Bumpurs Elias Clayton Elijah McClain Eliza Woods Elizabeth Lawrence Elliot Brooks Ellis Hudson Elmer Jackson Elmore Bolling Emantic Fitzgerald Bradford Jr. Emmett Till Eric Garner Eric Harris Eric Reason Ernest Lacy Ernest Thomas Ervin Jones Eugene Rice Eugene Williams Ethel Lee Lance Ezell Ford

Felix Kumi Frank Livingston Frank Morris Frank Smart Frazier B. Baker Fred Hampton Fred Rochelle Fred Temple Freddie Carlos Gray Jr.

George Floyd George Grant George Junius Stinney Jr. George Meadows George Waddell George Washington Lee Gregory Gunn

Harriette Vyda Simms Moore Harry Tyson Moore Hazel “Hayes” Turner Henry Ezekial Smith Henry Lowery Henry Ruffin Henry Scott Hosea W. Allen

India Kager Isaac McGhie Isadore Banks Italia Marie Kelly

Jack Turner Jamar Clark Jamel Floyd James Byrd Jr. James Craig Anderson James Earl Chaney James Powell James Ramseur James Tolliver James T. Scott Janet Wilson Jason Harrison Javier Ambler J.C. Farmer Jemel Roberson Jerame Reid Jesse Thornton Jessie Jefferson Jim Eastman Joe Nathan Roberts John Cecil Jones John Crawford III John J. Gilbert John Ruffin John Taylor Johnny Robinson Jonathan Ferrell Jonathan Sanders Jordan Edwards Joseph Mann Julia Baker Julius Jones July Perry Junior Prosper

Kalief Browder Karvas Gamble Jr. Keith Childress, Jr. Kelly Gist Kelso Benjamin Cochrane Kendrick Johnson Kenneth Chamberlain Sr. Kenny Long Kevin Hicks Kevin Matthews Kiwane Albert Carrington

Lacy Mitchell Lamar Smith Laquan McDonald Laura Nelson Laura Wood L.B. Reed L.D. Nelson Lemuel Penn Lemuel Walters Leonard Deadwyler Leroy Foley Levi Harrington Lila Bella Carter Lloyd Clay Louis Allen Lucy

M.A. Santa Cruz Maceo Snipes Malcom X Malice Green Malissa Williams Manuel Ellis Marcus Deon Smith Marcus Foster Marielle Franco Mark Clark Maria Martin Lee Anderson Martin Luther King Jr. Matthew Avery Mary Dennis Mary Turner Matthew Ajibade May Noyes Mckenzie Adams Medgar Wiley Evers Michael Brown Michael Donald Michael Griffith Michael Lee Marshall Michael Lorenzo Dean Michael Noel Michael Sabbie Michael Stewart Michelle Cusseaux Miles Hall Moses Green Mya Hall Myra Thompson

Nathaniel Harris Pickett Jr. Natasha McKenna Nicey Brown Nicholas Heyward Jr.

O’Day Short family Orion Anderson Oscar Grant III Otis Newsom

Pamela Turner Paterson Brown Jr. Patrick Dorismond Philando Castile Phillip Pannell Phillip White Phinizee Summerour

Quaco

Ramarley Graham Randy Nelson Raymond Couser Raymond Gunn Regis Korchinski-Paquet Rekia Boyd Renisha McBride Riah Milton Robert Hicks Robert Mallard Robert Truett Rodney King Roe Nathan Roberts Roger Malcolm and his wife Roger Owensby Jr. Ronell Foster Roy Cyril Brooks Rumain Brisbon Ryan Matthew Smith

Sam Carter Sam McFadden Samuel DuBose Samuel Ephesians Hammond Jr. Samuel Hammond Jr. Samuel Leamon Younge Jr. Sandra Bland Sean Bell Shali Tilson Sharonda Coleman-Singleton Shukri Abdi Simon Schuman Slab Pitts Stella Young Stephon Clark Susie Jackson

T.A. Allen Tamir Rice Tamla Horsford Tanisha Anderson Timothy Caughman Timothy Hood Timothy Russell Timothy Stansbury Jr. Timothy Thomas Terrence Crutcher Terrill Thomas Tom Jones Tom Moss Tony McDade Tony Terrell Robinson Jr. Trayvon Martin Troy Hodge Troy Robinson Tula Tyler Gerth Tyre King Tywanza Sanders

Victor Duffy Jr. Victor White III

Walter Lamar Scott Wayne Arnold Jones Wesley Thomas Wilbert Cohen Wilbur Bundley Will Brown Will Head Will Stanley Will Stewart Will Thompson Willie James Howard Willie Johnson Willie McCoy Willie Palmer Willie Turks William Brooks William Butler William Daniels William Fambro William Green William L. Chapman II William Miller William Pittman Wyatt Outlaw

Yusef Kirriem Hawkins

The victims of LaLaurie (1830s) The black victims of the Opelousas massacre (1868) The black victims of the Thibodaux massacre (1887) The black victims of the Wilmington insurrection (1898) The black victims of the Johnson-Jeffries riots (1910) The black victims of the Red summer (1919) The black victims of the Elaine massacre (1919) The black victims of the Ocoee massacre (1920) The victims of the MOVE bombing (1985)

All the people who died during the Atlantic slave trade, be it due to abuse or disease.

All the unnamed victims of mass-incarceration, who were put into jail without the committing of a crime and died while in jail or died after due to mental illness. 

All the unnamed victims of racial violence and discrimination. 

...

My apologies for all the people missing on this list. Feel free to add more names and stories. 

Listen, learn and read about discrimination, racism and black history: (feel free to add more)  Documentaries: 13th (Netflix) The Innocence Files (Netflix) Who Killed Malcolm X? (Netflix) Time: The Kalief Browder Story (Netflix) I Am Not Your Negro

YouTube videos: We Cannot Stay Silent about George Floyd Waarom ook Nederlanders de straat op gaan tegen racisme (Dutch) Wit is ook een kleur (Dutch) (documentaire)

Books: Biased by Jennifer Eberhardt Don’t Touch My Hair by Emma Dabiri Freedom Is A Constant Struggle by Angela Davis How To Be An Anti-Racist by Ibram X. Kendi I Know Why The Caged Bird Sings by Maya Angelou Me and White Supremacy by Layla Saad So You Want To Talk About Race by Ijeoma Oluo They Can’t Kill Us All by Wesley Lowery White Fragility by Robin Deangelo Why I’m No Longer Talking To White People About Race by Reni Eddo-Lodge Woman, Race and Class by Angela Davis

Websites: https://lynchinginamerica.eji.org/report/ https://museumandmemorial.eji.org/ https://archive.org/details/thirtyyearsoflyn00nati/page/n11/mode/2up https://lab.nos.nl/projects/slavernij/index-english.html https://blacklivesmatter.com/ https://www.zinnedproject.org/

[mst3kproject]

Dracula vs Frankenstein (1971)

 I’ve been meaning to get to this one for a while.  It was directed by Al Adamson and stars Lon Chaney Jr. from Indestructible Man in his last and worst film.  Also featuring appearances by Greydon Clark (director of Angel’s Revenge), Forest J. Ackerman (the comic book guy from Future War), and Jim Davis (the grandpa from The Day Time Ended, not the guy who invented Garfield), and generally being one of the shoddiest and most confusing movies I’ve ever sat through, it is a mystery to me why Joel chose Carnival Magic and just left Dracula vs Frankenstein sitting there.  Maybe it was the widescreen thing.

It’s hard to say what the hell is going on in this movie but I’ll give it a try.  Under the cover of a carnival freak show, mad Dr. D’Ray is decapitating nubile young women and then sewing their heads back on, because… uh… because.  One night, his work is interrupted by none other than Count Dracula!  The Count reveals that he knows D’Ray’s secret – D’Ray is really the last surviving member of the Frankenstein family, and Dracula has recovered the body of the original Frankenstein’s Monster and wants D’Ray to help him bring it to life, because… uh… because.  Meanwhile, a woman named Judith Fontaine is looking for her sister, Joannie, who was last seen on the beach near Dr. D’Ray’s Creature Emporium.  Judith and her boyfriend Mike eventually find their way into D’Ray’s lair, and the doctor and his various deformed assistants (obviously he has deformed assistants) are all killed as the couple attempt to escape again.  What Judith and Mike don’t know is that they’re not safe yet.  They still have Dracula to deal with!

That outline actually only represents a fraction of the madness in Dracula vs Frankenstein.  There’s a rapey biker gang and a bunch of noticeably over-age hippies who seem to think they’re in a very different movie.  There’s D’Ray’s hunchback Groton and his pet puppy, and Grazbo the Angry Midget. There’s the stunningly unhelpful detective who’s supposed to be looking for Joannie.  D’Ray brings the Frankenstein Monster back to life with the help of a magical comet.  The idea that creatures like Dracula and the Frankenstein Monster actually exist is treated as obvious and commonplace, and the climactic fight between the two is over who gets to feel up Judith.  It’s a mess.

The reason Dracula vs Frankenstein is such a mishmash of incongruous ideas, at least according to El Santo of 1000 Misspent Hours, is that Adamson filmed for a while, then ran out of money and had to set the project aside while he raised more.  During this intermission, he got a bunch of new ideas, and had to shoehorn them in with what he’d already shot to turn his original sex-drugs-and-rock-n-roll film into a monster-versus-monster piece.  It should therefore surprise nobody if the results are about as graceful as a giraffe on roller skates.

The two title monsters are astonishingly shitty. Frankenstein’s Monster looks like the Pillsbury Dough Boy gone horribly wrong.  He looks like his head got stepped on and they couldn’t afford to fix it. The first time you see him, when Dracula digs him out of a cemetery, you can barely tell you’re supposed to be looking at something’s face – it looks like a mass of home-made play-dough that’s been left out in the sun.  He has claws for some reason.  That sequence of similes still doesn’t do justice to just how absolutely terrible he looks, and yet, shockingly, he’s less stupid than Dracula.

Oh, god, this movie’s Dracula.  His face is slathered in Observer makeup (though his hands aren’t, probably because it would have gotten all over everything) and he wears bright red lipstick and fake fangs that don’t allow him to fully close his mouth.  His vinyl cape almost definitely came from Party City. His voice echoes like he’s talking into an empty garbage can, even when he’s sitting in the back seat of a car. He has an incredibly funky goatee and a ring that shoots fire.  Everything he says and does is deeply, self-consciously dramatic and it all comes to an absurd crescendo in the series of priceless faces he makes as he turns to dust in the sun.

On a scale of absurd theatricality, Dr. D’Ray is only shortly behind him.  The mad doctor dresses like Colonel Sanders, has some classic evil facial hair, and spends much of his screen time monologuing… but nothing he says ever makes a lick of sense. The stuff that comes out of his mouth is literally indescribable so I’m going to have to give you some examples:

Rambling in his lab, D’Ray describes his work as follows: “human blood is the essence from which future illusion may be created, but the secret is not to have the blood at rest.  No, the circulatory system must experience a traumatic shock, one that is inconceivable to the human mind.  The idea of trauma is not a new one, but I am sure I am the first such experimenter to incorporate the horror of an actual decapitation into later rejuvenation of a human body!”  This is evidently supposed to be a justification for the sewing-heads-back-on thing – it ‘activates’ the blood and allows D’Ray to make his ‘serum’.  He then injects that ‘serum’ into Groton, who transforms into an axe-wielding maniac.  Later, Dracula claims that the same ‘serum’ would have made him invincible.  I, uh… what?

Sorry, I was talking about D’Ray’s monologuing.  When describing his Creature Emporium, D’Ray informs some guests, “the greatest mysteries in the world are not mysteries at all, unless we take time to become familiar with them.”  Isn’t that the opposite of how mysteries work?  It’s easy to believe in, say, the Loch Ness Monster, until you familiarize yourself with the history of the ‘evidence’ and realize that it’s almost all complete bullshit.

When Dracula shows up, D’Ray declares, “I am too old and too sick to be interested or surprised by anything, but when a man comes into my house and casts no reflection on my mirror, and on his hand wears the unholy crest of Dracula, there is no scientific answer to anything.  Now, what is on your mind, Count Dracula?” Honestly, this nonsense is spoken with such conviction that you almost don’t notice that the end of the sentence has nothing to do with the beginning.

The movie has two things that might qualify as a ‘special effect’.  One is Dracula’s zappy fire ring.  It’s crummy, but you can tell what they’re going for.  The other is the ‘comet’ that is instrumental in giving life to the Frankenstein Monster.  This is represented by a slow pan past a flickering light bulb against a black background.  Even having just heard Dracula talking about the importance of the comet, it took me a minute to figure out what I was supposedly seeing – it’s that bad.  This might be halfway forgivable if the comet were somehow important to the plot… if the Monster, for example, had to complete some mission before it sets or something.  But it’s totally gratuitous.  They could have taken that out, avoided a distractingly awful effect, and made the movie a little bit shorter!

As for meaning anything… Dracula vs Frankenstein does not, and indeed seems to go out of its way to avoid it.  The events that unfold are remarkably meaningless.  Judith finds her sister Joannie, who is not dead but neither is she alive, and then the story just forgets about Joannie and gives her no resolution.  Hippie girl Samantha is saved from being raped by her angry ex and his biker gang, but then she, too, is entirely forgotten.  D’Ray and his henchmen die in a series of contrived accidents that serve no purpose but getting them out of the way so that Dracula and the Monster can fight uninterrupted.  This is particularly anticlimactic because so far, D’Ray has been presented as our main baddie.  Dracula disintegrates Mike with his magic ring and then the movie rushes to its climax without giving either Judith or the audience time to deal with it.  Dracula, the movie’s actual main baddie, just turns to dust in the sun.

There are a couple of moments that are probably supposed to be social commentary, but they have nothing to do with the meandering main plot. One is the scene where a hippie guy says to his girlfriend, “let’s get ready for the big protest tonight.”  She asks, “what are we protesting this time?” and he shrugs and replies, “I dunno, but I bet it’s fun.”  Later we see this protest, which does seem to have a major ‘party’ component and features some very unspecific placards being waved.  In another sequence there’s a druggie bar with the walls covered in graffiti that say things like POT and SOCIETY SUCKS.

Boy, I bet Adamson was really proud of sticking it to those angry young people.

Dracula vs Frankenstein is mesmerizingly bad.  Usually the best bad movies are the kind where you can follow the story a bit, so you aren’t wasting time wondering what the hell is going on instead of appreciating the nonsense dialogue and unconvincing effects.  Dracula vs Frankenstein is a singular exception.  You never have any idea what anybody’s doing and yet somehow it doesn’t matter… the movie gives up on making sense very early, and just forges merrily ahead, dragging you along behind it.  What’s actually happening never matters enough to distract.  I honestly don’t know if this is a point in the movie’s favour or not… but it would have made a hell of an MST3K episode.

[lostitjohannahairas]

Frankenstein Adaptions

1823: Richard Brinsley Peake's adaptation, Presumption; or, the Fate of Frankenstein, was seen by Mary Shelley and her father William Godwin at the English Opera House.

1826: Henry M. Milner's adaptation, The Man and The Monster; or The Fate of Frankenstein opened on 3 July at the Royal Coburg Theatre, London.

1887: Frankenstein, or The Vampire's Victim was a musical burlesque written by Richard Henry (a pseudonym of Richard Butler and Henry Chance Newton).

1910: Edison Studios produced the first Frankenstein film, directed by J. Searle Dawley.

1915: Life Without Soul, the second film adaptation of Mary Shelley's novel, was released. No known print of the film has survived.

1920: The Monster of Frankenstein, directed by Eugenio Testa, starring Luciano Albertini and Umberto Guarracino.

1931: Universal Studios' Frankenstein, directed by James Whale, starring Colin Clive, Mae Clarke, John Boles, Edward Van Sloan, Dwight Frye, and Boris Karloff as the monster.

1935: James Whale directed the sequel to the 1931 film, Bride of Frankenstein, starring Colin Clive as Frankenstein, and Boris Karloff as the monster once more. This incorporated the novel's plot motif of Frankenstein creating a bride for the monster omitted from Whale's earlier film. There were two more sequels, prior to the Universal "monster rally" films combining multiple monsters from various movie series or film franchises.

1939: Son of Frankenstein was another Universal monster movie with Boris Karloff as the Creature. Also in the film were Basil Rathbone as the title character and Bela Lugosi as the sinister assistant Ygor. Karloff ended playing the Frankenstein monster with this film.

1942: The Ghost of Frankenstein featured brain transplanting and a new monster, played by Lon Chaney Jr. The film also starred Evelyn Ankers and Bela Lugosi.

1942–1948: Universal did "monster rally" films featuring Frankenstein's Monster, Dracula and the Wolf Man. Included would be Frankenstein Meets the Wolf Man, House of Frankenstein, House of Dracula and Abbott and Costello Meet Frankenstein. The last three films introduced Glenn Strange as Frankenstein's monster.

1957–1974: Hammer Films in England did a string of Frankenstein films starring Peter Cushing, including The Curse of Frankenstein, The Revenge of Frankenstein and Frankenstein Must Be Destroyed. Co-starring in these films were Christopher Lee, Hazel Court, Veronica Carlson and Simon Ward. Another Hammer film, The Horror of Frankenstein, starred Ralph Bates as the main character, Victor Frankenstein.

1965: Toho Studios created the film Frankenstein Conquers the World or Frankenstein vs. Baragon, followed by The War of the Gargantuas.

1972: A comedic stage adaptation, Frankenstein's Monster, was written by Sally Netzel and produced by the Dallas Theater Center.

1973: The TV film Frankenstein: The True Story appeared on NBC. The movie starred Leonard Whiting, Michael Sarrazin, James Mason, and Jane Seymour.

1981: A Broadway adaptation by Victor Gialanella played for one performance (after 29 previews) and was considered the most expensive flop ever produced to that date.

1984: The flop Broadway production yielded a TV film starring Robert Powell, Carrie Fisher, David Warner, and John Gielgud.

1992: Frankenstein became a Turner Network Television film directed by David Wickes, starring Patrick Bergin and Randy Quaid. John Mills played the blind man.

1994: Mary Shelley's Frankenstein appeared in theatres, directed by and starring Kenneth Branagh, with Robert De Niro and Helena Bonham Carter. Its all-star cast also included John Cleese, Ian Holm, and Tom Hulce.

2004: Frankenstein, a two-episode mini-series starring Alec Newman, with Luke Goss and Donald Sutherland.

2006: Frankenstein, A New Musical, composed by Mark Baron, book by Jeffrey Jackson, and based on an adaptation by Gary P. Cohen.

2007: Frankenstein, an award-winning musical adaptation by Jonathan Christenson with set, lighting, and costume design by Bretta Gerecke for Catalyst Theatre in Edmonton, Alberta.

2011: In March, BBC3 broadcast Colin Teague's live production from Kirkstall Abbey, Leeds, billed as Frankenstein's Wedding, Live in Leeds. About the same time, the National Theatre, London presented a stage version of Frankenstein, which ran until 2 May 2011. The play was written by Nick Dear and directed by Danny Boyle. Jonny Lee Miller and Benedict Cumberbatch alternated the roles of Frankenstein and the Creature. The National Theatre broadcast live performances of the play worldwide on 17 March.

2012: An interactive ebook app created by Inkle and Profile Books that retells the story with added interactive elements.

2014: Penny Dreadful is a horror TV series that airs on Showtime, that features Victor Frankenstein as well as his creature.

2015: Frankenstein, a modern-day adaptation written and directed by Bernard Rose.

2015: Victor Frankenstein is an American film directed by Paul McGuigan.

2016: Frankenstein, a full length ballet production by Liam Scarlett. Some performances were also live simulcasts worldwide.

Loose adaptations: 

1967: I'm Sorry the Bridge Is Out, You'll Have to Spend the Night and its sequel, Frankenstein Unbound (Another Monster Musical), are a pair of musical comedies written by Bobby Pickett and Sheldon Allman. The casts of both feature several classic horror characters including Dr. Frankenstein and his monster.

1971: Lady Frankenstein is an Italian horror film directed by Mel Welles and written by Edward di Lorenzo. The strory begins when Dr. Frankenstein is killed by the monster he created, his daughter and his lab assistant Marshall continue with his experiments.

1973: The Rocky Horror Show, is a British horror comedy stage musical written by Richard O'Brian in which Dr. Frank N. Furter has created a creature (Rocky), to satisfy his (pro)creative drives. Elements are similar to I'm Sorry the Bridge Is Out, You'll Have to Spend the Night.

1973: Andy Warhol's Frankenstein. Usually, Frankenstein is a man whose dedication to science takes him too far, but here his interest is to rule the world by creating a new species that will obey him and do his bidding.

1974: Young Frankenstein. Directed by Mel Brooks, this sequel-spoof has been listed as one of the best movie comedies of any comedy genre ever made, even prompting an American film preservation program to include it on its listings. It reuses many props from James Whale's 1931 Frankenstein and is shot in black-and-white with 1930s-style credits. Gene Wilder portrayed the descendant of Dr. Frankenstein (who insists on pronouncing it "Fronkonsteen"), with Peter Boyle as the Monster.

1975: The Rocky Horror Picture Show is the 1975 film adaptation of the British rock musical stageplay, The Rocky Horror Show (1973), written by Richard O'Brien.

1984: Frankenweenie is a parody short film directed by Tim Burton, starring Barrett Oliver, Shelley Duvall and Daniel Stern.

1985: The Bride starring Sting as Baron Charles Frankenstein and Jennifer Beals as Eva, a woman he creates in the same fashion as his infamous monster.

1986: Gothic, directed by Ken Russell, is the story of the night that Mary Shelley gave birth to Frankenstein. Starring Gabriel Byrne, Julian Sands, Natasha Richardson.

1988: Frankenstein (フランケンシュタイン) is a manga adaptation of Shelley's novel by Junji Ito.

1989: Frankenstein the Panto. A pantomime script by David Swan, combining elements of Frankenstein, Dracula, and traditional British panto.

1990: Frankenstein Unbound.Combines a time-travel story with the story of Shelley's novel. Scientist Joe Buchanan accidentally creates a time-rift which takes him back to the events of the novel. Filmed as a low-budget independent film by Roger Corman in 1990, based on a novel published in 1973 by Brian Aldiss. This novel bears no relation to the 1967 stage musical with the same name listed above.

1991: Khatra (film) is a Hindi movie of Bollywood made by director H. N. Singh loosely based on the story, Frankenstein.

1995: Monster Mash is a film adaptation of I'm Sorry the Bridge Is Out, You'll Have to Spend the Night starring Bobby Pickett as Dr. Frankenstein. The film also features Candace Cameron Bure, Anthony Crivello and Mink Stole.

1998: Billy Frankenstein is a very loose adaptation about a boy who moves into a mansion with his family and brings the Frankenstein monster to life. The film was directed by Fred Olen Ray.

2004: Frankensteinmade-for-TV film based on Dean Koontz's Frankenstein.

2005: Frankenstein vs. the Creature from Blood Cove, a 90-minute feature film homage of classic monsters and Atomic Age creature features, shot in black and white, and directed by William Winckler. The Frankenstein Monster design and make-up was based on the character descriptions in Mary Wollstonecraft Shelley's novel.

2009: The Diary of Anne Frankenstein, a short film from Chillerrama.

2011: Frankenstein: Day of the Beast is an independent horror film based loosely on the original book.

2011: Victor Frankenstein appears in the ABC show Once Upon a Time, a fantasy series on ABC that features multiple characters from fairy tales and classic literature trapped in the real world.

2012: Frankenweenie, Tim Burton's feature film remake of his 1984 short film of the same name.

2012: In the Adventure Time episode "Princess Monster Wife", the Ice King removes body parts from all the princesses that rejected him and creates a jigsaw wife to love him.

2012: A Nightmare on Lime Street, Fred Lawless's comedy play starring David Gest staged at the Royal Court Theatre, Liverpool.

2014: I, Frankenstein is a 2014 fantasy action film. The film stars Aaron Eckhart as Adam Frankenstein and Bill Nighy. The film is based on the graphic novel.

2014: Frankenstein, MD, A web show by Pemberly Digital starring Victoria, a female adaptation of Victor.

2015: The Supernatural season 10 episodes Book of the Damned, Dark Dynasty and The Prisonerfeature the Styne Family which member Eldon Styne identifies as the descendants of the house of Frankenstein. According to Eldon, Mary Shelley had learned their secrets while on a visit to Castle Frankenstein and wrote a book based on her experiences, forcing the Frankensteins underground as the Stynes. The Stynes, through bioengineering and surgical enhancements, feature many of the superhuman features of Frankenstein's monster.

2015: The Frankenstein Chronicles is a British television drama series, starring Sean Bean as John Marlott and Anna Maxwell Martin as Mary Shelley.

2016: Second Chance, a TV series known at one point as Frankenstein, was inspired by the classic.

[fred-ott]

El Terror Clásico

El cine de terror nació junto con el mismo cine: los Hermanos Lumière grabaron en 1896 la cinta "L'arrivée d'un train à La Ciotat" (La llegada del tren). En esta película, como su nombre indica, únicamente se mostraba la llegada de un tren; sólo que, dado que el cine era un invento desconocido para la mayoría de los espectadores, éstos creían que el tren se iba a salir literalmente de la pantalla para arrollarlos; los primeros espectadores de la cinta gritaban y escapaban de la sala aterrorizados.

Lon Chaney en El fantasma de la ópera (1925)

Pero la primera película deliberada de terror fue realizada en 1910 por J. Searle Dawley, para los Edison Studios se trató de la primera adaptación del mito de Frankenstein. En esta época del cine mudo aparecieron otras películas que aun hoy ponen los pelos de punta, como El Golem (Paul Wegener, 1915), El jorobado de Notre-Dame (Wallace Worsley, 1923) o El fantasma de la ópera (Rupert Julian, 1925).

El siglo XX conoció, pues, desde muy pronto excelentes cultivadores del miedo. Quizá el director más importante de esta primera época sea el alemán F. W. Murnau (1889-1931), responsable de la lóbrega y expresionista Nosferatu, el vampiro (1922), película basada en el Drácula de Bram Stoker. (Dentro del cine expresionista, véase también Fritz Lang — El testamento del doctor Mabuse, M, el vampiro de Düsseldorf— y El gabinete del doctor Caligari.) El famoso vampiro transilvano ha conocido decenas de versiones a lo largo del siglo XX. Son destacables la neogótica (basada en Murnau: como en la película de éste, los dientes largos del vampiro no son los colmillos, sino los incisivos) Nosferatu, vampiro de la noche, a cargo del alemán Werner Herzog (1979), y la espectacular puesta en escena de la película Drácula de Bram Stoker (1992) del norteamericano Francis Ford Coppola.

En los años 1930 dominó el cine de monstruos. Se produjeron obras maestras -según gran parte de la crítica, nunca superadas- del género como El doctor Frankenstein (de James Whale, 1931), La parada de los monstruos (de Tod Browning, 1932) y la muy alabada King Kong (de Merian C. Cooper y Ernest B. Schoedsack, 1933).

Obtuvieron asimismo un éxito espectacular el director Rouben Mamoulian con Dr. Jekyll y Mr. Hyde, de 1931, y Michael Curtiz con Los crímenes del museo, de 1933, película oscurecida por su remake Los crímenes del museo de cera (1953), de André de Toth.

La productora Universal se adentró en los años 40 con El hombre lobo (1941), la película más influyente sobre el tema. En esta década, Universal produjo también secuelas de Frankenstein. La compañía RKO Radio Pictures produjo que ya había producido el citado "King Kong" realizó convincentes películas de terror, como La mujer pantera, de Jacques Tourneur (1942), Yo anduve con un zombie (Tourneur, 1943) y The Body Snatcher (Don Siegel, 1956), esta última basada en el relato de Robert Louis Stevenson Ladrones de cadáveres.

Años 50 y 60 

Si se habla de cine de terror, no se puede pasar por alto a la productora británica Hammer (ver Hammer Productions), que a lo largo de los años 50, 60 y 70 desencadenó una avalancha de películas del género, algunas de gran calidad, como La maldición de Frankenstein (1957), Drácula (1958) y La Momia (1959). Su director estrella fue el inglés Terence Fisher.

También debe recordarse al norteamericano Roger Corman (n. 1926), director de serie B (películas de bajo presupuesto) especializado en la adaptación, quizá en exceso libre y colorista, de relatos de Edgar Allan Poe: House of Usher ('La caída de la casa Usher', 1960), The Pit and the Pendulum ('El pozo y el péndulo', 1961), Premature Burial ('El entierro prematuro', 1962), Tales of Terror ('Cuentos de terror', 1962) The Raven ('El cuervo', 1963), The Masque of the Red Death ('La máscara de la Muerte Roja', 1964) The Tomb of Ligeia ('La tumba de Ligeia', 1964), entre otras. Todos estos filmes, salvo Premature burial, fueron protagonizados por el especialista en el género Vincent Price (1911-1993).

Otros actores legendarios del género: Béla Lugosi (1882-1956), Boris Karloff (1887–1969), Lon Chaney Jr. (1906–1973), Peter Cushing (1913–1994) y Christopher Lee (1922), éste aún en activo.

El actor español Paul Naschy (Jacinto Molina Álvarez, n. 1934, Medalla de Oro al mérito en las Bellas Artes de 2001) es considerado internacionalmente gran especialista, habiendo participado, ya sea como actor, director o guionista, en un centenar de películas aproximadamente. Otros autores europeos muy valorados del género: el español Jess Franco y los italianos Mario Bava y Dario Argento, entre otros.

Alfred Hitchcock, llamado el mago del suspense, es autor de por lo menos dos cumbres del terror moderno: la película de terror psicológico Psicosis (1960) y la de terror naturalista Los pájaros (1962).

[genuine-history-blog]

Best World War II Non-fiction History Books

ABRAMSKY, C. (ed.), Essays in Honour of E. H. Carr ('The Initiation of the Negotiations Leading to the Nazi-Soviet Pact: A Historical Problem’, D. C. Watt) Macmillan, 1974

ABYZOV, VLADIMIR, The Final Assault, Novosti, Moscow, 1985

ALEXANDROV, VICTOR, The Kremlin, Nerve-Centre of Russian History, George Allen 8: Unwin, 1963

ALLILUYEVA, SVETLANA, Only One Year, Hutchinson, 1969

Twenty Letters to a Friend, Hutchinson, 1967

AMORT, R., and JEDLICKA, I. M., The Canan's File, Wingate, 1974

ANDERS, LIEUTENANT-GENERAL W., An Army in Exile, Macmillan, 1949

ANDREAS-FRIEDRICH, RUTH, Berlin Underground, 1939-1945, Latimer House, 1948

ANON, A Short History of the Bulgarian Communist Party, Sofia Press, Sofia, 1977

ANON, The Crime of Katyn, Facts and Documents, Polish Cultural Foundation, 1965

ANON, The Obersalzberg and the Third Reich, Plenk Verlag, Berchtesgaden, 1982

ANTONOV-OUSEYENKO, ANTON, The Time of Stalin, Portrait of a Tyranny, Harper & Row, New York, 1981

BACON, WALTER, Finland, Hale, 1970

BARBUSSE, HENRI, Stalin: A New World Seen Through One Man, Macmillan, New York, 1935

BAYNES, N. H. (ed), Hitler’s Speeches, 1922-39, 2 vols, OUP, 1942

BEAUFRE, ANDRE, 1940: The Fall of France, Cassell, 1968

BECK, JOSEF, Demier Rapport, La Baconniére, Brussels, 1951

BEDELL SMITH, WALTER, Moscow Mission 1946-1949, Heinemann, 1950

BELOFF, MAX, The Foreign Policy of Soviet Russia, Vol Two, 1936-1941, Oxford, 1949

BEREZHKOV, VALENTIN, History in the Making, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1983

BIALER, S., Stalin and His Generals, Souvenir Press, 1969

BIELENBERG, CHRISTABEL, The Past is Myself, Chatto & Windus, 1968

BIRKENHEAD, LORD, Halifax, Hamish Hamilton, 1965

BOHLEN, CHARLES E., Witness to History, 1929-1969, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1973

BONNET, GEORGES, Fin d’une Europe, Geneva, 1948

BOURKE-WHITE, MARGARET, Shooting the Russian War, Simon 8: Schuster, New York, 1942

BOYD, CARL, Magic and the Japanese Ambassador to Berlin, Paper for Northern Great Plains History Conference, Eau Claire, Wisconsin, 1986

BUBER, MARGARETE, Under Two Dictators, Gollancz, 1949

BUBER-NEUMANN, MARGARETE, Von Potsdam nach Moskau Stationens eines Irrweges, Hohenheim, Cologne, 1981

BULLOCK, ALAN, Hitler: A Study in Tyranny, Pelican, 1962

BURCKHARDT, CARL I., Meine Danziger Mission, 1937- 1939, Munich, 1960

BUTLERJ. R. M. (editor), Grand Strategy, Vols I-III, HMSO, 1956-1964

BUTSON, T. G., The Tsar’s Lieutenant: The Soviet Marshal, Praeger, 1984

CALDWELL, ERSKINE, All Out on the Road to Smolensk, Duell, Sloan and Pearce, New York, 1942

CALIC, EDOUARD, Unmasked: Two Confidential Interviews with Hitler in 1931, Chatto & Windus, 1971

CARELL, PAUL, Hitler’s War on Russia, Harrap, 1964

CASSIDY, HENRY C., Moscow Dateline, Houghton Mifilin, Boston, 1943

CECIL, ROBERT, Hitler’s Decision to Invade Russia, 1941, Davis-Poynter, 1975

CHANEY, OTTO PRESTON, JR., Zhukov, David & Charles, Newton Abbot, 1972

CHAPMAN, GUY, Why France Collapsed, Cassell, 1968

CHURCHILL, WINSTON S., The Second World War. Vol. I: The Gathering Storm, Vol. II: Their Finest Hour, Vol. III: The Grand Alliance, Penguin, 1985

CIENCIALA, ANNA M., Poland and the Western Powers, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1968

CLARK, ALAN, Barbarossa, Hutchinson, 1965

COATES, W. P. and Z. K., The Soviet-Finnish Campaign, Eldon Press, 1942

COHEN, STEPHEN (ed.), An End to Silence (from Roy Medvedev’s underground magazine, Political Diary), W. W. Norton, New York, 1982

COLLIER, RICHARD, 1940 The World in Flames, Hamish Hamilton, 1979

COLVILLE, JOHN, The Fringes of Power, Downing Street Diaries, 1939-1955, Hodder & Stoughton, 1985

COLVIN, IAN, The Chamberlain Cabinet, Gollancz, 1971

CONQUEST, ROBERT, The Great Terror: Stalin’s Purge of the Thirties, Macmillan, 1968

COOKE, RONALD C., and NESBIT, ROY CONGERS, Target: Hitler’s Oil, Kitnber, 1985

COOPER, DIANA, Autobiography, Michael Russell, 1979

COULONDRE, ROBERT, De Staline a Hitler, Paris, 1950

CRUIKSHANK, CHARLES, Deception in World War II, CUP, 1979

DAHLERUS, BIRGER, The Last Attempt, Hutchinson, 1948

DALADIER, EDOUARD, The Defence of France, Hutchinson, 1939

DEAKIN, F. W., and STORRY, G. R., The Case of Richard Sarge, Chatto 8: Windus, 1966

DEIGHTON, LEN, Blitzkrieg, Jonathan Cape, 1979

DELBARS, YVES, The Real Stalin, George Allen 8: Unwin, 1953

DEUTSCHER, ISAAC, Stalin. A Political Biography, CUP, 1949

DIETRICH, OTTO, The Hitler I Knew, Methuen, 1957

DILKS, DAVID, (ed.), Diaries of Sir Alexander Cadogan 1938-1945, Cassell, 1971

DJILAS, MILOVAN, Conversations with Stalin, Penguin, 1963

DOBSON, CHRISTOPHER and MILLER, JOHN, The Day We Almost Bombed Moscow: Allied War in Russia 1918-1920, Hodder & Stoughton, 1986

DOLLMANN, EUGEN, The Interpreter, Hutchinson, 1967

DONNELLY, DESMOND, Struggle for the World, Collins, 1965

DOUGLAS, CLARK, Three Days to Catastrophe, Hammond, 1966

DRAX, ADMIRAL SIR REGINALD PLUNKETT-ERNLE-ERLE-, Mission to Moscow, August 1939, Privately, 1966

DREA, EDWARD J., Nomohan: Japanese-Soviet Tactical Combat. 1939, Combat Studies Institute, Leavenworth Papers, January 1981

EDEN, ANTHONY, Facing the Dictators, Cassell, 1962

The Reckoning, Cassell, 1965

EDMONDS, H.J., Norman Dewhurst, MC, Privately, Brussels, 1968

EHRENBURG, ILYA, Eve of War, MacGibbon & Kee, 1963

EINZIG, PAUL, In the Centre of Things, Hutchinson, 1960

EISENSTEIN, SERGEI M., Immoral Memories, Peter Owen, 1985

ENGEL, GERHARD, Heeresadjutant bei Hitler 1938-1943, Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt,

Stuttgart, 1974

ERICKSON,J., The Road to Stalingrad Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1975

The Soviet High Command, Macmillan, 1962 ‘Reflections on Securing the Soviet Far Eastern Frontier: 1932-1945’, Interplay, August-September 1969

EUGLE, E., and PAANEN, L., The Winter War, Sidgwick 8: Jackson, 1973

FEILING, KEITH, The Life of Neville Chamberlain, Macmillan, 1946 FESTJOACHIM C., Hitler, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, 1974

The Face of the Third Reich, Weidenfeld 8c Nicolson, 1970

FISCHER, ERNST, An Opposing Man, Allen Lane, 1974

FLANNERY, HARRY W., Assignment to Berlin, Michael Joseph, 1942

FLEISHER, WILFRID, Volcano Isle, Jonathan Cape, 1942

FOOTE, ALEXANDER, Handbook for Spies, Museum Press, 1949, 1953

FRANCOIS-PONCET, ANDRE, The Fateful Years, Gollancz, 1949

FRANKEL, ANDREW, The Eagle’s Nest, Plenk Verlag, Berchtesgaden, 1983

GAFENCU, GRIGOIRE, The Last Days of Europe, Frederick Muller, 1947

GALANTE, PIERRE, Hitler Lives and the Generals Die, Sidgwick 8: Jackson, 1982

GARLINSKI, JOZEF, The Swiss Corridor, J. M. Dent, 1981

GIBSON, HUGH (ed.), The Ciano Diaries, 1939-1 943, Doubleday, New York, 1946

GILBERT, MARTIN, Finest Hour, Heinemann, 1983

The Holocaust, TheJewish Tragedy, Collins, 1986

Winston Churchill, The Wildemess Years, Macmillan, 1981

GISEVIUS, HANS BERND, To the Bitter End, Cape, 1948

GORALSKI, ROBERT, World War II Almanac, 1931-1945, Hamish Hamilton, 1981

GORBATOV, ALEKSANDR v., Years Of My Lips, Constable, 1964

GORODETSKY, G., Stahhrd Cripps’Mission to Moscow, 1940-42, Cambridge U.P., 1984

GREW, JOSEPH C., Ten Years in Japan, Hammond, Hammond, 1945

GREY, IAN, Stalin, Man of History, Weidenfeld 8c Nicolson, 1979

The First Fijiy Years. Soviet Russia, 1917-1967, Hodder 8c Stoughton, 1967

GRIGORENKO, PETRO G., Memoirs, Harvill, 1983 GRIPENBERG, G. A. (trs. Albin T. Anderson), Finland and the Great Powers, Univ. Of

Nebraska Press, Lincoln, 1965

GUDERIAN, HEINZ, Panzer Leader, Ballantine Books, New York

GUN, NERIN E., Eva Braun, Hitler’s Mistress, Frewin, 1968

HALDER, COLONEL-GENERAL FRANZ, Kriegstagehuch, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart, 1963 Hitler als Feldherr, Miinchener Dom-Verlag, Munich, 1949

HALIFAX, LORD, Fulness of Days, Collins, 1957

HARLEYJ. H. (based on Polish by Conrad Wrzos), TheAuthentic Biography of Colonel Beck, Hutchinson, 1939

HARRIMAN, W. A., and ABEL, 13., Special Envoy to Churchill and Stalin, 1941-1946, Random House, New York, 1975

HASLAM,J., The Soviet Union and the Struggle/or Collective Security in Europe, 1933-1939, Macmillan, 1984

HAUNER, MILAN, Hitler. A Chronology of His Life and Time, Macmillan, 1983

HAYASHI, SABURO (with ALVIN D. coox), Kogun, The ]apanese Army in the Pacific War, Marine Corps Association, Quantico, Va., 1959

HEIBER, HELMUT, Goebbels, Robert Hale, 1972

HENDERSON, SIR NEVILE, Failure of a Mission, Hodder & Stoughton, 1940

HERWARTH, HANS VON (with FREDERICH STARR), Against Two Evils, Collins, 1981

HESSE, FRITZ, Das Spiel um Deutschland, List, Munich, 1953 Hitler and the English, Wingate, 1954

HESTON, LEONARD and RENATO, The Medical Case Boole of Adolf Hitler, Kimber, 1979

HILGER, GUSTAV (with ALFRED G. MEYER), The Incompatible Allies: A Memoir-History of German-Soviet Relations, 1918-1941 Macmillan, New York, 1953

HILL, LEONIDAS E. (ed.) Die Weizsacleer Papiere, 1933-1950, Berlin, 1974

HINSLEY, F. H. with THOMAS, E. E., RANSOM, C. F. G., and KNIGHT, R. (3., British Intelligence in the Second World War, Vol. 1, HMSO, 1979

HITLER, ADOLF, Mein Kampf, Hutchinson, 1969 Hitler’s Secret Conversations, Signet, New York, 1961 The Testament of Adolf Hitler. The Hitler-Borrnann Documents, Cassell, 1961

HOFFMANN, HEINRICH, Hitler Was My Friend, Burke, 1955

HOFFMANN, PETER, Hitler’s Personal Security, MIT, Boston, 1979

HOHNE, HEINZ (trs. R. Barry), The Order of the Death ’5 Head: The Story of Hitler’s SS, Seeker & Warburg, 1969 HOSKING, G., A History of the Soviet Union, Fontana, 1985 HYDE, H. MONTGOMERY, Stalin, Rupert Hart-Davis, 1971 INFIELD, GLENN B., Hitler’s Secret Life, Hamlyn, 1980 IRVING, DAVID, Hitler’s War, 1939-1942, Macmillan, 1983 The War Path, Michael Joseph, 1978

ISRAELYAN, V. L., The Diplomatic History of the Great Fatherland War, Moscow, 1959

JAKOBSON, MAX, The Diplomacy of the Winter War, Harvard UP, Boston, 1961

JEDRZEJEWICZ, WACLAW (ed.), Diplomat in Paris: 1931-1939 -Papers 65 Memoirs of ]uliusz Lukasiewicz, Columbia UP, New York, 1970

JONES, F. C., Japan’s New Order in East Asia. Its Rise and Fall, 0UP, 1954 Manchuria Since 1931, Royal Institute of International Affairs, 1949

JONES, R. V., Most Secret War, Hamish Hamilton, 1978

JONGE, ALEX DE, Stalin and the Shaping of the Soviet Union, Collins, 1986 The Weimar Chronicle. Prelude to Hitler, Paddington Press, 1978

KAZAKOV, GENERAL M. I., Nad Kartoi Bylykh Srazhenii, Voenizdat, Moscow, 1965

KEITEL, WILHELM, Memoirs, Kimber, 1965

KENNAN, GEORGE E, Soviet Foreign Policy 1917-1941, Robert E. Krieger, Princeton, 1960

KHRUSHCHEV, NIKITA S., (Trs. and edited by Strobe Talbott), Khrushchev Remembers, André Deutsch, 1971

KIRBY, D. G., Finland in the Twentieth Century, C. Hurst 8t Co., 1979

KIRKPATRICK, LYMAN B. JR, Captains Without Eyes. Intelligence Failures in World War II, Macmillan, New York

KLEIST, PETER, European Tragedy, Times Press/Anthony Gibbs & Phillips, Isle of Man, 1965

KORDT, ERICH, Nicht aus den Akten: Die Wilhelrnstrasse in Frieden und Krieg, Stuttgart, 1950

KRAVCHENKO, VICTOR, I Chose Freedom, Robert Hale, 1947

KROSBY, HANS PETER, Finland, Germany and the Soviet Union, 1940-41: The Petsamo Dispute, Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, 1968

KRYLOV, IVAN, Soviet Staff Officer, Falcon Press, 1951

KUBIZEK, AUGUST, The Young Hitler I Knew, Houghton, Mifflin, Boston, 1955

KUSNIERZ, B. N., Stalin and the Poles, Hollis & Carter, 1949

KUUSINEN, AINO, Before and After Stalin, Michael Joseph, 1974

KUZNETSOV, N. G., ‘In Charge of the Navy’ (from Stalin and His Generals, ed. Seweryn Bialer), Souvenir Press, 1969

LEACH, BARRY A., German Strategy Against Russia, 1939 - 1941, OUP, 1973

LEHMAN, JEAN-PIERRE, The Roots of Modern Japan, Macmillan, 1982

LENSEN, GEORGE ALEXANDER, The Strange Neutrality. Soviet-Japanese Relations During the Second World War 1941-1945, Diplomatic Press, Tallahassee, Fla., 1972

LEONHARD, WOLFGANG, Child of the Revolution, Collins, 1957

LEWIN, RONALD, Hitler’s Mistakes, Leo Cooper, 1984 Ultra Goes to War, Hutchinson, 1978

LITVINOV, MAXIM, Notes for a Journal, André Deutsch, 1955

LITYNSKI, ZYGMUNT, I Was One of Them, Cape, 1941

LOSSBERG, BERNHARD VON, Im Wehnnachtfuhrungsstab, Nolke, Hamburg, 1947

LUKACS JOHN, The Last European War, Routledge & Kegan Paul, 1977

LYONS, GRAHAM (ed.), The Russian Version of the Second World War, Leo Cooper, 1976

MACKENZIE, A., The History of Transylvania, Unified Printers 8: Publishers, 1983

MACKIEWICZ, STANISLAW, Colonel Beck and His Polity, Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1944

MACKINTOSH, M., Juggernaut. A History of the Soviet Armed Forces, Seeker 8t Warburg, 1967

MACLEAN, FlTZROY, Eastern Approaches, Cape, 1949

MACLEOD, COLONEL R., and KELLY, DENIS (eds.), The Ironside Diaries, 1937-1940, Constable, 1962

MAISKY, IVAN, Memoirs of a Soviet Ambassador, Hutchinson, 1967 Who Helped Hitler?, Hutchinson, 1964

MANCHESTER, WILLIAM, The Arms of Krupp, Michael Joseph, 1969

MANVELL, ROGER, and FRAENKEL, HEINRICH, Hitler, the Man and the Myth, Granada, 1978

MEDVEDEV, ROY, All Stalin 3 Men, Blackwell, Oxford, 1983 Let History Judge, Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 1971 Khrushchev, Blackwell, Oxford, 1982 On Stalin and Stalinism, CUP, 1979

MERSON, ALLAN, Communist Resistance in Nazi Germany, Lawrence & Wishart, 1985

MORAVEC, FRANTISEK, Master of Spies, Bodley Head, 1975

MORLEY, JAMES W. (ed.), The Fateful Choice: Japan ’s Road to the Pacific War, Columbia UP, New York, 1980

MOSLEY, LEONARD, On Borrowed Time, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1969

NEKRICH, A. M., 1941, 22 Iyunia, Nauka, Moscow, 1965

NOLLAU, GUNTHER, International Communism and World Revolution, Hollis & Carter, 1961

NOWAK, JAN, Courier from Warsaw, Collins/Hamill, 1982

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OVSYANY, IGOR, The Origins of Word War Two, Novosti, Moscow, 1984

PAASIKIVI, JUHO KUSTI, Am Rande einer Supermacht, Behauptung durch Diplomatie, Hosten Verlag, Hamburg, 1966

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PAYNE, ROBERT, The Rise and Fall of Stalin, W. H. Allen, 1966

PETROV, VLADIMIR, June 22, 1941. Soviet Historians and the German Invasion, Univ. of S. Carolina, 1968

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RAEDER, ERICH, My Life, US Naval Institute, Annapolis, 1960

READ, ANTHONY, and FISHER, DAVID, Colonel Z, Hodder & Stoughton, 1984 Operation Lucy, Hodder & Stoughton, 1980

REISCHAUER, EDWIN O., The Japanese, Harvard UP, 1977

REITLINGER, GERALD, The House Built on Sand, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1960

RIBBENTROP, JOACHIM VON, Zwischen London und Moskau: Erinnerungen und letzte Aufzeichnungen, Stuttgart, 1955

RICH, NORMAN, Hitler’s War Aims: Ideology, the Nazi State and the Course of Expansion, Norton, New York, 1973 Hitler’s War Aims: The Establishment of the New Order, Norton, New York, 1974

RINGS, WERNER, Life with the Enemy, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1982

ROKOSSOVSKY, K., A Soldier’s Duty, Progress Publishers, Moscow, 1970

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ROSSI, A., The Russo-German Alliance, Chapman 8: Hall, 1950

ROTHSTEIN, ANDREW, and DUTT, CLEMENS (eds.), History of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Foreign Languages Publishing House, Moscow

RUBINSTEIN, ALVIN Z. (ed.), The Foreign Policy of the Soviet Union. The Search for Security 1934-41, New York, undated

RUSSELL, WILLIAM, Berlin Embassy, Michael Joseph, 1942

RYABOV, VASILI, The Great Victory, Novosti, Moscow, 1985

SALISBURY, HARRISON E., A journey for Our Times, Harper 81. Row, New York, 1983 The Siege of Leningrad, Seeker & Warburg, 1969

SCHAPIRO, LEONARD, The Government and Politics of the Soviet Union, Vintage Books, 1978

SCHMIDT, PAUL, Hitler’s Interpreter, Heinemann, 1951 SCHRAMM, PERCY ERNST, Hitler: The Man and the Military Leader, Allen Lane, 1972 SCHREIBER, H., Teuton and Slav, 1965

SCHWARZ, PAUL, This Man Ribhentrop, julian Messner, New York, 1943

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SIPOLS, V. J., Secret Diplomacy. Bourgeois Latvia in the Anti-Soviet Plans of the Imperialist Powers, 1919-1940, Riga The Road to Victory, Progress, Moscow, 1985

SMITH, HOWARD K., Last Train from Berlin, Cresset Press, 1942

SOMMER, ERICH F., Das Memorandum, Herbig, Munich, 1981

SOUVARINE, BORIS, Stalin-A Critical Survey of Bolshevism, Longmans, Green, New York, 1939

SPEER, ALBERT, Inside the Third Reich, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1970

STALIN, J. V., The Great Patriotic War of the Soviet Union, International Publishers, New York, 1948

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[bluday98]

Listen to The Messenger by Terry Maggert, J. N. Chaney on Audible. https://www.audible.com/pd/1774241757?source_code=ASSORAP0511160007

[brucedinsman]

Book Review: Heavy is the Crown Backyard Starship #16 by J N Chaney

                                                                                                                                         Heavy is the Crown (Backyard Starship, #16) Heavy is the Crown by J.N. ChaneyMy rating: 5 of 5 starsKindle Cliffhanger much? Epic save on the slaver guys, rescuing hundreds including your mother, confiscating thousands of chipped people against an offer to be…

[dzelonis]

J.N. Chaney, Jonathan Yanez - Orion Colony #1-4

[hawttimi]

Are social media platform the creators of echo chambers?

Social media's goal is to build a sense of community, to engage in deep and meaningful conversations with other users, and to find people who share similar interests (Van Dijck, 2013). Although it might seem counterproductive to the original intention, social media platforms can function as echo chambers. This blog will discuss how social media platforms push members into echo chambers from the very moment you join the platform.

In echo chambers, beliefs are reinforced and magnified as a result of communication vacuums (Colleoni et al., 2014). A shared narrative is created when like-minded individuals recycle the same information and ideas (Jamieson & Cappella, 2008). Alternative information and ideologies are excluded from these bubbles in order to preserve these shared narratives. The main characteristic of echo chambers is that they are formed in settings where there are distinct differences in ideologies (Campante et al., 2013). The social media sphere is a big space where people share their differing ideologies continuously, so why do echo chambers flourish there at any given moment.

Retrieved from: http://www.dinktoons.com/2017/02/social-media-echo-chambers/

We need to consider the algorithmic formation of social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter (Lim, 2017). When we join these platforms, we connect with our friends or people that we are familiar with and select our interests. This self-selection model is one of the many factors that fuel echo chambers (Dubois et al., 2018). The history of all our engagements, likes, follows, shares, even people we blocked or words we've muted form the foundation of the algorithmic amplification we are exposed to. Pasek et al. (2019) describe algorithm amplification as when one viewpoint becomes inflated at the expense of other viewpoints in the process of dismissing alternative ideas. Our seemingly innocent action in selecting our entertainment preference has lulled us into an echo chamber trap otherwise referred to as algorithmic confounding (Chaney et al. 2018).

The danger of this echo changer formation is that it leads us closer to the state of confirmation bias. Oswald and Grosjean (p. 80) describe confirmation bias as confirmation bias "means that information is searched for, interpreted, and remembered in such a way that is systematically impeded the possibility that the hypothesis could be rejected." Confirmation bias creates a feedback loop when algorithms picking up our inputs in the form of engagements on their platforms and provide an output that mirrors our input. These loops gradually result in political and social polarization.

Retrieved from: https://blog.finology.in/behavioral-finance/how-confirmation-bias-affects-your-investment-decisions

While Nguyen (2020) argues that we, the users, must take the responsibility to ensure we actively avoid being stuck in echo chambers. Williams (2018) disagrees, saying that it is not the responsibility of the users as social media platforms algorithms push us into bubbles and create effective filter bubbles that sieve unfamiliar ideas, further pushing us deeper into the chamber in a scheme to maintain our attention. Overall, it seems the more we try to break away, the more entangled we become in the false promise of what social media is supposed to be.

Word Count-502

References

Campante, F. R., & Hojman, D. A. (2013). Media and polarization: Evidence from the introduction of broadcast TV in the United States. Journal of Public Economics, 100, 79-92.

Chaney, A. J., Stewart, B. M., & Engelhardt, B. E. (2018, September). How algorithmic confounding in recommendation systems increases homogeneity and decreases utility. In Proceedings of the 12th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems (pp. 224-232).

Colleoni, E., Rozza, A., & Arvidsson, A. (2014). Echo chamber or public sphere? Predicting political orientation and measuring political homophily in Twitter using big data. Journal of communication, 64(2), 317-332.

Dubois, E., & Blank, G. (2018). The echo chamber is overstated: the moderating effect of political interest and diverse media. Information, communication & society, 21(5), 729-745.

Jamieson, K. H., & Cappella, J. N. (2008). Echo chamber: Rush Limbaugh and the conservative media establishment. Oxford University Press.

Lim, M. (2017). Freedom to hate: social media, algorithmic enclaves, and the rise of tribal nationalism in Indonesia. Critical Asian Studies, 49(3), 411-427.

Nguyen, C. T. (2020). Echo chambers and epistemic bubbles.

Oswald, M. E., & Grosjean, S. (2004). Confirmation bias. Cognitive illusions: A handbook on fallacies and biases in thinking, judgement and memory, 79.

Pasek, A., Bivens, R., & Hogan, M. (2019). Data segregation and algorithmic amplification: A conversation with Wendy Hui Kyong Chun. Canadian Journal of Communication, 44(3), 455-469.

Van Dijck, J. (2013). The culture of connectivity: A critical history of social media. Oxford University Press.

Williams, J. (2018). Stand out of our light: freedom and resistance in the attention economy. Cambridge University Press.

[mabpersonal]

this is literally an essay i wrote in 2018. it’s almost 2021.

Generation Z: Too Incredulous to Participate, too Ingenious to be Tethered

One thing that sets today’s youth apart from other generations is the inherent irony in their character. Generation Z (Gen Z) or the cohort of individuals born between 1995 and the late 2000s (Chaney, Touzani, & Slimane, 2017) is troubled with problems such as economic decline and financial insecurity, but they managed to make room for thinking they might not want a job. As a result, their predecessors brand them as idle or unprepared for employment, much less a career. This may be true in some cases, but in true ironic fashion, Generation Z’s reluctance to be employed is just a manifestation of their incredulous ingenuity.

Primarily, Gen Z trusts corporations and the government less than any other generation. Gen Z came of age in a time after the world witnessed events like the Great Recession and 9/11 Attacks, which brought about economic downslope and political upheaval (Scott, 2016). These trends continued and imposed financial insecurity and political reinvention, illustrated by events such as, but not limited to, the rise of strongman leaders, the domination of global corporations, and the hike of college education rates. Such events continued to jeopardize stability of existing social constructions in the eyes of Gen Z; and as a result, they developed incredulity toward these constructs, specifically the government and multinational corporations.

An 18-month long investigation conducted by economist and professor Noreena Hertz (2016) revealed that only 6% and 10% of Gen Z trusts corporations and the government, respectively. Words such as “exploitative” and “untrustworthy” were even used to describe multinational corporations. This educated skepticism proved to be a key factor when Gen Z started to turn away from the idea of employment and dependence on the government.

Predictably, Gen Z became self-directed realists who would rather engage in entrepreneurial ventures than be employed. Majority of them—61% of high school students and 43% of college students—prefer ingenious income sources like opening their own businesses over traditional means like being an employee (Schawbel, 2014). More evidences of Gen Z's inventive mindset include the rise of crowdsourcing applications like Kickstarter, which allows anyone to fund the creator of an entrepreneurial project; and the ubiquity of monetized content-creation on sites like Youtube and Instagram in the form of videos and strategic product promotion. All aforementioned evidences illustrate how Gen Z favors to direct their lives while utilizing their interests and innovative pragmatism over traditional dependency on social (sic) institutions.

In brief, Generation Z’s distrust in societal stability makes them reluctant to pursue what the older generation often refer to as “real jobs” that can lead to a more definite career path. Consequently, their disinclination may be misinterpreted as laziness; however, as what was previously discussed, Gen Z is wired to exert creative efforts to direct their lives and stay away from instability as much as they can. The youngest generation may be too perplexed at this point to arrive at a final decision regarding their careers, but they are clever enough to ask the right questions and trust the right people. The future is in good hands, after all. (500 words)

References: Bremmer, I. (2018, May 23). The 'strongmen era' is here. Here’s what it means for you Time. Retrieved from http://time.com/5264170/the-strongmen-era-is-here-heres-what-it-means-for-you/

Chammie, J. (2017, May 18). Student debt rising worldwide. Yale Global Online. Retrieved from https://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/student-debt-rising-worldwide

Chaney, D., Touzani, M., & Slimane, K. B. (2017). Marketing to the (new) generations: summary and perspectives. Journal of Strategic Marketing, 25(3), 5. https://doi.org/10.1080/0965254X.2017.1291173

Hertz, N. (2016, March 19). Think millennials have it tough? For ‘generation k’, life is even harsher. The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/world/2016/mar/19/think-millennials-have -it-tough-for-generation-k-life-is-even-harsher

Jenkins, R. (2017, September 25). Who is generation z? This timeline reveals it all. Inc. Southeast Asia. Retrieved from https://www.inc.com/ryan-jenkins/complete-guide-to-who-is-generation-z. html

Reference list: electronic sources (web publications). (2018). Retrieved June 17, 2018, from Purdue Online Writing Lab website: https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/

Schawbel, D. (2014, September 2). What generation z entrepreneurs are like. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/danschawbel/2014/09/02/what-generation-z-entrepreneurs-are-like/#2a7221b24f1e

Scott, R. (2016, November 28). Get ready for generation z. Forbes. Retrieved from https://www.forbes.com/sites/causeintegration/2016/11/28/get-ready-for-generation-z/#37d6aba22048

Younge, G. (2014, June 2). Who’s in control—nation states or global corporations? The Guardian. Retrieved from https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2014/jun/02/control-nation -states-corporations-autonomy-neoliberalism

[brucedinsman]

Book Review: Constant Sorrow by J N Chaney

Book 1 Backyard Starship by J.N. ChaneyMy rating: 5 of 5 starsKindle Space CopWow, this was quite a ride, reminds me of a spaceship in a junkyard (a similar story set up). Quite a setup here, explains a lot about UFOs and missing people. And it once again points out that bad actors are everywhere, sometimes in your own organization. Now that says something important about law enforcement in…

[dzelonis]

Jason Asnpach, J. N. Chaney - Wayward Galaxy #4-6