#Indian Navy search operation

[townpostin]

Jamshedpur Flying School License Suspended After Fatal Crash

DGCA halts Alchemist Aviation operations following audit; two lives lost in accident The DGCA suspended Alchemist Aviation’s license after a fatal crash and subsequent audit revealed serious safety issues at the Jamshedpur-based flying school. JAMSHEDPUR – Following a tragic aircraft crash and safety audit, the DGCA has suspended the operational approval of Alchemist Aviation, a flying training…

[beardedmrbean]

A Malta-flagged, Greek-owned vessel has been hit with a missile in the Red Sea off the coast of Yemen, maritime security firm Ambrey has said.

It is thought to be the third incident involving Zografia, a bulk carrier, in 24 hours.

Tuesday's incident comes as the US military announced it had seized Iranian-supplied weapons bound for the Houthis during an operation last week.

Meanwhile, the US has hit more targets in Houthi-controlled areas of Yemen.

An official told CBS, the BBC's American partner, that the US conducted further strikes on Houthi positions overnight.

Four anti-ship ballistic missiles that were ready to be launched were destroyed, the official said.

The US and UK launched a wave of airstrikes against dozens of Houthi targets on 11 January following attacks by the Iran-backed group on shipping in the Red Sea.

It is not yet known what was attacked in the latest US operation.

The Houthis have vowed to retaliate.

On Sunday, the US said it had shot down a missile fired towards one of its warships from a Houthi area of Yemen.

A day later, the group said they had carried out a ballistic missile strike on a US-owned cargo ship in the Gulf of Aden.

While it has not yet been confirmed that Tuesday's attack on the Greek-owned vessel was carried out by the Houthis, it appears to follow a similar pattern of strikes.

Who are the Houthis attacking Red Sea ships?

Several vessels have been targeted by the movement's fighters since November in protest at Israel's war with Hamas.

The Houthis say they are targeting vessels which are Israeli-owned, flagged or operated, or are heading to Israeli ports. However, many have no connections with Israel.

The Zografia, which was empty, was sailing from Vietnam to Israel with 24 crew onboard when it was struck on Tuesday, Greek shipping ministry sources have told the media.

No injuries were reported, only minor damage to the carrier. The Houthis later claimed responsibility for the attack.

The Red Sea connects the Indian Ocean to the Mediterranean via the Suez Canal but several shipping lines have announced they are now diverting round the Cape of Good Hope to reach Europe instead.

British oil giant Shell on Tuesday became the latest to suspend all of its shipments through the Red Sea indefinitely, according to the Wall Street Journal.

The US said on Tuesday that analysis of the weapons it seized from a ship near the Yemen coast suggested the Houthis had been using the same kind of weapons in their Red Sea attacks.

The seizure took place on 11 January near the coast of Somalia - the same day as the first US-UK airstrikes.

Cruise and ballistic missile components were among the items found on a ship, as well as parts for air defence equipment.

"This is the first seizure of lethal, Iranian-supplied advanced conventional weapons (ACW) to the Houthis since the beginning of Houthi attacks against merchant ships in November 2023," US Central Command said in a statement.

The ship - a traditional vessel known as a dhow - was considered unsafe and sunk by the US. Legal responsibility for the 14 crew members is being determined.

Central Command also said a search is continuing for two Navy Seals who were lost overboard during the operation.

According to media reports, one officer was knocked off the ship by high waves and the second jumped in afterwards to try and help as is required by protocol.

Washington has blamed Iran for being behind the Houthi missile capability, which Tehran denies. Iran's foreign minister, Hossein Amir-Abdollahian, said in a press conference on Monday that the West must stop the war against Yemen immediately.

In a separate development, the Greek ambassador to Iran is reported to have issued a formal appeal to Tehran to release one of its citizens - the captain of an oil tanker that was seized last week.

Armed men wearing masks boarded the vessel St Nikolas, close to the port of Sohar in Oman, on Thursday and ordered it to sail to an Iranian port.

Tehran said the seizure was in retaliation for the ship and oil it had aboard being confiscated by the US last year.

The vessel's owner, Empire Navigation, said on Sunday that it had been told by Iran that all of the tanker's 19 crew were safe and in good health.

[ietm-jsg-architecture]

IETM - JSG 0852:2007 Architecture

Frequently Asked Questions about IETM

What is full form of IETM?

Interactive Electronic Technical Manual.

Let’s understand what the meaning of IETM is. IETM is a Manual or softcopy of any book. Even PDF scanned files can also be called IETM. Any books, documents that are in digital format are IETMs.

Because if the book is seen in computer or whatever the manuals we see in a digital device is called Electronic Manual. If this manual is technical then it is called ETM, Electronic Technical Manual.

If this manual is dynamic or has multiple references in the form of hyperlinks, hotspots, etc, it is called Interactivity.

Whichever Manual is digital has technical information and contains cross-references are called Interactive electronic Technical Manual.

What is an IETM document, is it like Word or PDF?

Many people think that IETM is a separate format like MS Word (.DOC) or Portable Document File (PDF).

IETM is a technical term used to represent but not a format. Even PDF file is also ETM. Normal scanned images compiled together is Level -1 IETM and PDF has hyperlinks, cross-references, indexing which means interactivity is called Level -2 IETM.

Level -3 IETM uses XML or HTML and makes it much dynamic than PDF. Level -4 is database-based IETM. All the manuals are converted into the MYSQL database and stored. A viewer is used to access the data based on the user request, data will be pulled from the database and displayed to user.

Level-1 and LEVEL -2 its PDF file. Level -3 HTML-based web application, LEVEL 4 is Databases based web application.

What is IETM Viewer?

IETM Viewer is software that is used to see the manuals that are converted into a database.

Level 1,2 does not need any IETM viewers because they are PDF files. Level -3 is HTML based. A complete manual is converted into HTML/XML files page-wise like we create a website. Images, illustrations will be placed in a folder. HTML/text, Images, Illustrations, Images, etc are called media assets.

Using IETM Viewer, one can see all the files in a structured way. IETM Viewer is a piece of software that is used to view the documents and also used for interactivity and switch between topics, subtopics, cross reference, hyperlinks, etc.

In the case of Level -4 this viewer is very powerful and gives full power to the user for quick access.

Where do I use IETM?

IETMs are basically used in the defense system. A couple of years backs OEMs used to deliver many sets of hard copies to end-users (Navy/Army/IAF) if the number of pages is less, in this case, it is easy to refer for troubleshooting or operational procedures, etc.

For complex systems i.e. Missiles, Defence vehicles, communication, and non-communication systems where many systems and subsystems are involved, which makes the document count goes in thousands.

In such cases when the issue arises it will be very difficult to do quick referring. In such cases, IETMs are very very effectively used.

These IETMs are now made as mandatory deliverables along with actual equipment by the Indian defense.

This IETM follows Indian defense guidelines, standards JSG 0852:2019 which gives guidelines for IETM structure.

WHAT IS IETM AND WHAT IS NOT IETM?

IETM Vs 3d Blowups

There is a misconception about IETM. As the name indicates interactive, then people assume that it is a 3d based on blowup software. Interactive means, users can browse or cross-refer or interact with the software to search on a particular topic/sub-topic.

Assume that you have 3000 pages in 10 different manuals, you cannot refer to all the pages quickly. But this interactive electronic technical manual searches the entire database of 3000 pages in a second and displays results. Because all the text is converted into the database, hence search and retrieval will be done in seconds. Users can see related topics and also on rollover of text, users can see images, Video or text descriptions, etc.

Users can save bookmarks and annotate text etc. Users can see his search history, document access history, etc.

These elements are called INTERACTIVITY. These features power the document and make it an Interactive electronic manual. These documents are technical in nature and seen using electronic devices hence they are termed interactive electronic technical manuals.

Interactivity does not mean, clicking on the part it will blow up into sub-parts, and clicking on a subpart it will further blow up and an explanation comes in voice-over, etc.

They are called 3d Blowups or 3d Virtual reality models and Computer-based tutors (CBTs)

Having said this, still we can put these 3d blowups in IETM. If OEM has any videos or 3d animation blowups then we can plug them into IETM.

IETM Assignment.

This job is creating Interactive Technical Manuals Level -4

IETM Vendor will only make IETM by using inputs given by the Client

Videos, Images, Cad drawings/PDF, to be provided by Client only

Whatever Videos, Graphics, Diagrams, etc available with the client will be integrated into IETM

IETM Vendor will not create any 3d animations or 3D Models, or 2 d Animations, 2d Drawings, etc. Whatever the 3d file, OEM has, we will plugin in IETM only.

Videography, photography or cad designing, blowup drawings designing, etc will not be done by IETM Vendor

3d Animations and blowups can be taken as separate tasks based on the complexity of the system and the level of blowups that you want. We have a separate division to take up such assignments.

If your SCOPE /SOTR /RFP says IETM then stick to IETM only. These 3d animations cost more than IETM cost.

Another important point to check is which IETM level the client/ SCOPE is asking for. Generally, they may ask for Level 3 or Level 4. (If your RFQ is 5 years old around 2016-17 then they may ask for Level -2)

The latest RFPs / SCOPE asks for Level -4 only.

If your client simply says IETM then opt for IETM level 3 only. Because Level 4 costs almost double of Level -3.

Why OEMs need IETMs when they have PDF manuals

As per the new guidelines of defense, all the OEMs must supply IETM along with the physical component.

What are the features of IETM viewer?

Login-based access, Next, Previous, History, Search, Annotations, Bookmark, Activity tracker, Fullscreen, Hotspot/hyperlinks, Image-based hotspot, Text-based hotspots, Video-based Hotspots, Change password, Content tree, expandable and collapsible, homepage main menu items, etc.

How do I run IETM from DVD?

Yes, if it is IETM Level 3, you can run from DVD, because it does not have any database. Its standalone HTML 5 based pages with IETM Viewer. IETM Level 3 does not update your navigation history or user credentials etc hence can be run from DVD. Whereas Level 4 is database based, hence requires database installation. LEVEL 4 tracks all user activity and user-wise reports hence, every activity is tracked and the database keeps updating always. That is the reason IETM level 4 does not work from DVD or CD

How many Levels are in use?

When the electronic revolution started in 1990, PDF files were used as IETM till 2000. They used to be scanned images/raster images. Searching and hyperlinking indexing were not possible in those raster images. These are called LEVEL -1 IETM.

Advancement in technology, use of OCR, and other features was added in PDF files. Thus PDF was made with selectable text, images, tables, hyperlinks, and indexing etc. Cross-references hyperlinks made PDF more interactive and user-friendly. These were called LEVEL -2.

In level -2 there was one limitation. If the user manual or PDF file is single, then LEVEL 2 worked well. Hyperlinks inside a single PDF were possible but refereeing multiple PDFs i.e. cross-reference between manuals was again a challenge. For instance, let us assume that a user is looking for troubleshooting of some device and the troubleshooting requires the user to see the operational manual and technical manual etc.

Cross referring to multiple manuals was a problem. During that time HTML 5 has very strongly emerged as technology (2012). Taking advantage of technology, all these files are converted into HTML -5 and an IETM viewer is a piece of software program developed to see the files. This is LEVEL -3.

When the documents were thousands in number and ultra-quick navigation is needed for user inputs. In this scenario LEVEL, -4 was evolved. Level -4 is Database driven software which is way ahead powerful than all the previous levels.

What is the Indian standard of IETM?

This IETM was initiated in US defense having MIL-PRF-87268A number (MIL-M-87268, 87269) Based on these MIL standards, the Ministry of Defense, Directorate of Standardization, Joint service Guide (JSG) has framed guidelines which is 0852:2019.

Code and Pixels IETM framework is developed based on the Indian defense standard.

Why IETMs are used?

In earlier days, OEMs used to deliver hard copies of manuals due course of time it has become scanned image so that space is reduced. As technology advanced, PDF and Interactive PDFs were delivered. For more fats and better reference, IETMs were evolved which are database based hence takes very little space and fast in terms of searching for key ford and excellent for cross-referring between multiple manuals.

How many IETM standards are in use?

INDIAN Defense Standard JSG 0852 and International aviation standard S1000D.

Is IETM freeware or open source?

IETM is not freeware and not open-source. It’s customized software developed as per the defense guidelines. This IETM framework or software is designed using Angular, Node.Js, MYSQL databases. IETM software has 3 Login modes. User, Admin, and Super Admin or authoring tool.

Users can see the manuals and Admin can create users and monitor user activities and super Admin can be used to create IETM content/database. Super Admin is also called as Authoring mode.

Do I need to know the programming language to make/ develop IETM?

If you want to edit IETM level -3, you need basic HTML. Edit means you can edit the IETM developed by us. Similarly, if you want to edit IETM Level -4 you need not have any programming skills. We have inbuilt text editors to edit the content and easy to use GUI to update the content.

How can I see my IETM on mobile?

YES, IETM can be viewed from different devices and different sizes of monitors.

How can I Install IETM Level 4 in Linux?

Yes, IETM can be viewed in Linux OS.

What browsers support IETM Viewing?

All the browsers support IETM viewing.

What is EXE based? Is IETM EXE based or Browser-based

A few years ago IETM was EXE based. Due course of time, browsers have become more powerful and easy to use, and they are compatible with multiple devices and OS independent hence, browsers have taken over EXE-based IETMs.

What are the disadvantages of EXE based IETMs

EXE-based IETMs are obsolete now. A few years back, in 2015 Exe based IETMs were delivered to clients. A separate EXE has to be delivered for 64 bits system and also for 128 bits system. IETMs cannot be seen in Mobiles or Tabs. Hence all the EXE based IETMs are converted to browser-based IETMs

How to see the IETM demo?

Contact sales@codeandpixels.net from your official mail ID and schedule a demo

Why My RFQ says is IETM but has not mentioned any standard

IF IETM is mentioned in RFQ then it is Indian JSG 0852 standard only. Only very few end users are asking for S1000D. The use specifically mentions S1000D if they are looking for that standard.

How IETM is priced?

It depends on the number of pages and Basic software cost. If OEM wants an authoring tool, the additional amount is paid. Price also depends on standard. In general, s1000d cost 4 times more than the INDIAN standard.

What are the deliverables of IETM to the client?

Deliverables are, IETM DB ( Database), IETM Viewer to see the DB and a server file, and Installation manual and User manual ( User manual and Admin manual) If you are also delivering Authoring tool then Authoring modules user manual.

What is S1000D IETM?

The way JSG 0852 is the standard of Indian IETMs, S1000D is the standard for defense IETM.

Usage may be similar, but the Complete structure of IETM is entirely different from Indian standards.

S1000D uses XML files whereas JSG uses MySQL as a database. S1000D is a very costly solution. Users/Navy need to have S1000D CSDB studio to get all the documents converted as per S1000D.

If the navy /airforce does not have an S1000D suit or a CSDB studio then going for S1000D is absolutely no use. It is just like going for Level -3 IETM of Indian standard.

What are the files used for S1000D?

For S1000D, IETM is generated using CSDB studio which is authoring and distribution software. Once the document is authored then, it is exported as S1000D IETM. CSDB exports as XML package and also as IETM. This XML package has a Manifesto file wrapped with XML files. These XML packages can be imported into any Standard CSDB application.

How can we call XML based IETMs S1000D

Definitely not. S1000D IETM output is XML which used thousands of S1000D tags and DMs. Hence IETM developed using XML is not S1000D IETM. CSDB studio is needed to export IETM. CSDB studio maintains all version changes and Data Modules (DM) etc. Normal XML based IETMs can be called S1000d based IETMs.

What does CSDB stand for?

Common Source DataBase is a software used to generate S1000D IETMS. S1000d is an international specification for developing technical publications.

Does any of indian companies own CSDB studio

S1000D is a recent concept introduced in India. S1000D IETMs are being developed by big aerospace companies but they use foreign-based CSDB i.e. Boeing spectrum etc. They cost crores. Indian companies use CSDB of western countries as of now.

Any XML-based application cannot be called CSDB studio.

What does CSDB studio do?

CSDB Studio can create S1000d specified pages/DMs using specific Tags. CSDB can import original S1000D DMs and export any project into 2 3 outputs. IETM Viewer, XML package and PDF file.

CSDB studio can produce different DMs for different types of content.

What is an S1000D data module?

A file or XML produced using CSDB studio is called Data Module. Its self-contained unit of data. It means it can be imported into any other CSDB studio

What is a Data Moudule Requirements List (DMRL)?

As the name indicates, it’s a complete list of data modules that are required to make a project or export a project.

What is data module code?

It’s a unique code given for each data module. A 17 to 41 character alphanumeric code. No DMs will have the same name. Every DM is identified by its DMC.

We are OEMs and serving indian navy. Our client wants us to deliver IETM along with the Machinery/systems/Vehicle/Equipment. What inputs should i take from my client? We have no knowledge about IETM. We are supplying all the manuals in PDF format and hard copies. Why navy needs IETM?

From 2018, all Defense/Navy/Air force clients are asking for IETM along with other training Aids such as CBT, Video Film, Charts and Boards, and Technical literature Hardcopies.

Based on the complexity of your Machinery/System/Vehicle/Equipment, you will need to provide different types of manuals as deliverables. (User handbook, Design specifications, Technical manuals, and Illustrated spares parts list)

Manufacture recommended list of spares, DIM, SMT & STE, ISG, MS, PRS, Inventory, Deployment manuals, Combat manuals, Operating manuals, Maintenance manuals and many more as per your system. The count of all together may range from 5000 to 25,000 for big systems.

If the user has to refer for a topic, then she/he has to refer to all 10-15 manuals hard copies or soft copies (PDFs) separately. It’s a time taking and troublesome process and also not completely resourceful.

For example, if a user wants to search for some particular LRU (line replaceable unit) then he has to open each and every PDF and search for the LRU. He will get many results and it will be hard to refer to all the 16 PDFs at a time. Sometimes, he may have to refer to 2-4 manuals together for a solution. In this case, traditional PDF file or Hard copy will have many limitations.

To overcome the limitations, IETMs are designed.

IETM basically combines all these manuals and creates interactivity between all the manuals and drawings etc. That’s the reason it’s called Interactive Electronic Training Manual.

In IETM, all the manuals and drawings, images, and videos will interact with each other through hyperlinks, hot spots and cross references etc. Thus, searching for topics is made possible in a single click with 100% efficient result.

Ask your client whether they want IETM Level 3/Class 3 or Level 4/Class 4. And count how many pages of text they have.

Price varies based on the number of pages and the Level of IETM. Level 3/Class 3 is less expensive than Level 4/Class 4

What is the deliverable format of IETM manual? PDF or HTML or DOC?

Though the name reads Electronic Training Manual, it is not a single file or Manual. IETM is a software package.

A software where all the pages of manuals are converted and embedded in IETM framework or IETM software.

IETM is a software where all your manuals sit.

What in puts you need to make IETM?

May it be IETM level -3/Class 3 or LEVEL -4/Class 4, we need all the manuals which are to be converted (either into PDF or Word format), all the images (JPEG, PNG, TIF) and all the CAD drawings converted in PDFs and Videos that are to be embedded into IETM.

We need table of content/content classification done by your subject matter experts.

We also need your subject matter expert’s help in connecting documents and also giving hyperlinks, related topics, glossary etc.

I Want exploded view of our machine in IETM?

If you have any Videos or Images already made, then we will put exploded views in IETM. The IETM vendor’s responsibility is to embed all inputs provided by OEM into IETM frame work.

The IETM scope does not cover the designing of Charts, Blowups, Exploded Views, and Animations etc.

If you want exploded views, then that will be taken as content development activity.

How many days will it takes to develop IETM?

It depends on the number of pages to be converted. We have done almost 35 IETMs of various levels. As per our experience to make Level 3/Class 3 IETM having 5000 pages, it takes around 30 days.

For documents 10,000 to 20,000 it takes around 60 days.

Major hindrance that we face is availability of final documents from OEM.

We had this experience several times that OEMs have to collect documents from many sources and number of versions are available for each document. OEMs usually focus on actual equipment but not on documentation of equipment. Collecting final approved files from OEM is the biggest challenge in IETM development. If all the final approved documents are in place, it takes standard time as mentioned above.

IETM for Army

There is no specific standard for IETM ARMY. For Indian defense, there is a single standard used. May it be for ARMY IETM, NAVY IETM, or AIR FORCE IETM. The standard id JSG 0852.

What will be our role?

You need to nominate a person as a Point of Contact from your end. Our technical team will be in constant touch with the POC to take approval on UI and UX (User interface and user experience), i.e. the logos to be used, color formats, table of content finalizing and cross checking of IETM etc.

My client wanted IETM in DVD?

Probably, your client must be looking for IETM level 3/Class 3. IETM level 3/Class 4 only can be played from CD/DVD player. IETM -4 requires installation as it used Database.

When do we need IETM-3 AND IETM-4?

It depends on your client’s requirement. General practice is, IETM level 3/Class 3 is used when documents are less, i.e. below 5000. When documents are more, IETM -4 is required.

Having said that, we have also done 5000 Pages IETM Level 4/Class 4 or Level 5/Class 5 and 6000 pages Level 3/Class 3.

It completely depends on the Client. If your system is small, you can convince them to go for IETM level 3/Class 3

I find very few IETM vendors and how different are you from others?

We are the only company having experience of delivering 30 + IETMs in past 5 years and one of the few companies having experience in developing the IETMs for Indian defense

We worked closely In associated with all the Defense Labs and we are fully aware of their requirements as almost 30 IETMs are being used by various Army or Naval, Air Force headquarters and training centers and Army Air Defense Colleges etc.

You can verify our Purchase Orders and approval letters.

IETM is the combination of software and data conversion. We have the strength of 50 + software and content development professionals and we guarantee delivery date as we have experienced resources having dealt with 30 project life cycles.

We have a strong R&D team, which exclusively works on improving software as per the latest technologies.

My tender does not specify Level 3 orLevel 4. What should I do?

We have come across a few Tenders, especially 3-4 years back tenders, where the client has just mentioned IETM only. Did not mention whether it is Level 3 or Level -4.

Generally, the cost for Level 4 is almost double of cost of Level -3. Hence you can take decisions based on the size of systems i.e. number of pages etc.

If pages are below 1000, you can propose or deliver Level -3.

My tender does not specify JSG 0852 or S1000D. What should I do?

Very few clients ask for S1000D. The clients who have CSDB studio with them only need S1000D. In India, only 2 or 3 government organizations might have CSDB studios. CSDB studio is very costly, in crores.

All the IETMs should be developed as per JSG 0852: 2015, unless they mentioned specifically to develop in S1000D, which is the European aviation standard to develop IETMs.

[arushithukral]

Southern India Submerged: The Human and Economic Toll of Relentless Rains

In a stark reminder of nature's formidable power, the southern Indian states of Andhra Pradesh and Telangana find themselves grappling with catastrophic flooding. Incessant downpours have transformed serene landscapes into treacherous waterways, claiming at least 27 lives and displacing thousands from their homes.

A Landscape Transformed

The Budameru River, typically a lifeline for the city of Vijayawada in Andhra Pradesh, has morphed into an agent of destruction. Bursting its banks, it has submerged vast swathes of the city, forcing residents to abandon their homes in search of higher ground. In Telangana, the districts of Jayashankar Bhupalapalle and Komaram Bheem bear the brunt of nature's fury, with rescue operations in full swing.

One resident, Rajesh Kumar, recounts the harrowing experience: "I've lived in Vijayawada all my life, but I've never seen the Budameru like this. It's as if the river has a mind of its own, swallowing everything in its path."

The Race Against Time

As the rain continues its relentless assault, local authorities find themselves in a race against time. The Indian Meteorological Department has issued red alerts for several districts, anticipating further torrential showers. This grim forecast has galvanized state governments into action, mobilizing all available resources in a desperate bid to mitigate the crisis.

The Indian Navy, alongside disaster response forces, has been deployed for rescue and relief efforts. In scenes reminiscent of wartime operations, helicopters and drones navigate the skies, dropping essential supplies to those stranded and unreachable by conventional means.

Economic Implications

Beyond the immediate human toll, the floods pose a significant threat to the region's economy. Vast tracts of farmland lie submerged, jeopardizing crops and livelihoods. The destruction of infrastructure—roads, bridges, and power lines—will likely have long-lasting repercussions on the area's development.

Dr. Sunita Narain, a prominent environmentalist, offers a sobering perspective: "These floods are not just a natural disaster; they're a wake-up call. We need to reassess our approach to urban planning and disaster preparedness in the face of increasingly erratic weather patterns."

The Road to Recovery

As the focus remains on rescue and immediate relief, questions loom about the long-term recovery process. The resilience of affected communities is evident, but the path to normalcy will be challenging.

State officials have begun outlining plans for rehabilitation and reconstruction. However, the true test lies in implementing measures to mitigate future disasters of this magnitude.

A Call for Sustainable Solutions

The flooding in southern India serves as a grim reminder of the urgent need for robust disaster management systems and sustainable infrastructure development. As climate change continues to exacerbate extreme weather events, the lessons learned from this catastrophe must inform future policy decisions.

As the waters eventually recede, they will leave behind not just physical debris but also important questions about our preparedness for nature's unpredictability. The story of Southern India's floods is one of immediate crisis but also of long-term challenges that demand our attention and action.

[milaeleanor546]

Strengthening Maritime Safety in India: The Role of Kolkata Port, India Meteorological Department, Indian Coast Guard, Navy, and Advanced Early Warning Systems

Introduction

India, with its extensive coastline and strategic maritime positioning, relies heavily on its ports for economic growth and national security. Kolkata Port, one of the country's oldest and most significant ports, plays a critical role in this maritime framework. Ensuring the safety and efficiency of maritime operations involves the coordinated efforts of multiple agencies, including the India Meteorological Department (IMD), the Indian Coast Guard, and the Indian Navy. The integration of advanced early warning systems has further enhanced these efforts, providing crucial information for disaster management and maritime safety. This article explores the roles and contributions of these entities in enhancing maritime safety and resilience in India.

Kolkata Port: Historical Significance and Modern Challenges

Kolkata Port, also known as Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port, is a vital maritime gateway for Eastern India. Established in 1870, it handles a diverse range of cargo, including coal, petroleum, fertilizers, and containers. The port's strategic location on the Hooghly River makes it a critical node for both domestic and international trade.

However, Kolkata Port faces numerous challenges, including siltation, navigational hazards, and vulnerability to natural disasters such as cyclones and floods. The port authorities have implemented various measures to mitigate these challenges, working closely with other organizations to enhance safety and operational efficiency.

India Meteorological Department (IMD): Pioneering Weather Forecasting

The India Meteorological Department (IMD), established in 1875, is India's national agency for weather forecasting, meteorological observations, and seismology. IMD plays a crucial role in providing accurate weather information and early warnings, essential for maritime safety.

Key Functions:

Weather Forecasting:

IMD offers detailed weather forecasts, helping mariners plan their voyages and avoid adverse weather conditions. Accurate forecasts are crucial for the safe navigation of ships, especially in the Bay of Bengal, which is prone to severe weather.

Cyclone Warning Services:

IMD's cyclone warning services are vital for coastal regions and ports like Kolkata. Utilizing satellite data, radar observations, and numerical weather models, IMD tracks and predicts cyclones, providing timely warnings to mitigate their impact.

Marine Meteorological Services:

IMD provides specialized services for the maritime sector, including sea state forecasts, wave height predictions, and warnings for adverse sea conditions. These services are essential for the operations of the Indian Coast Guard and Navy.

Indian Coast Guard: Maritime Safety and Security

The Indian Coast Guard, established in 1978, is responsible for safeguarding India's maritime interests and enforcing maritime law. Its role in maritime safety and disaster management is indispensable.

Core Responsibilities:

Search and Rescue (SAR):

The Coast Guard conducts search and rescue operations for vessels in distress. Utilizing IMD's weather information and advanced communication systems, the Coast Guard ensures prompt and effective SAR operations.

Environmental Protection:

The Coast Guard monitors and responds to marine pollution incidents, including oil spills and hazardous material discharges. They work to protect the marine environment and mitigate the impact of pollution on coastal and marine ecosystems.

Maritime Law Enforcement:

Enforcing maritime laws, preventing smuggling, and ensuring the safety of maritime traffic are key functions of the Coast Guard. They also conduct inspections and patrols to maintain order and security in India's maritime zones.

Disaster Response:

During natural disasters, the Coast Guard collaborates with IMD, the Navy, and other agencies to provide humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. Their quick response capabilities are crucial in minimizing the impact of disasters on coastal communities.

Indian Navy: Strategic Defense and Humanitarian Assistance

The Indian Navy, one of the largest naval forces globally, plays a vital role in national defense and maritime security. Beyond its defense mandate, the Navy is actively involved in humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR) operations.

Primary Roles:

Maritime Security:

The Navy ensures the security of India's maritime boundaries, protecting sea lanes, ports, and offshore assets. Their presence deters potential threats and ensures safe maritime commerce.

Disaster Relief Operations:

Equipped with advanced ships and aircraft, the Navy is capable of providing immediate relief during natural disasters. Their ships are often equipped with medical facilities, rescue equipment, and essential supplies to support disaster-stricken areas.

Coordination with Other Agencies:

The Navy works in close coordination with the Coast Guard, IMD, and other agencies to enhance maritime safety. Joint exercises, information sharing, and integrated operations ensure a cohesive response to maritime threats and disasters.

Advanced Early Warning Systems: Enhancing Preparedness

Advanced early warning systems are pivotal in mitigating the impact of natural disasters and ensuring maritime safety. These systems utilize cutting-edge technology to provide timely and accurate information, allowing proactive measures to be taken.

Technological Components:

Satellite-Based Monitoring:

Satellites provide continuous monitoring of weather patterns, sea conditions, and environmental changes. IMD uses satellite data for accurate weather forecasting and early warning dissemination.

Doppler Radar Systems:

Doppler radar systems track and predict severe weather events, such as cyclones and thunderstorms. These systems provide real-time data on storm intensity, movement, and potential impact areas.

Automatic Weather Stations (AWS):

AWS are installed at strategic locations, including ports and coastal regions, to collect real-time weather data. This data is crucial for accurate forecasting and timely dissemination of warnings.

Early Warning Dissemination:

Effective dissemination of early warnings is critical for disaster preparedness. Systems like mobile alerts, SMS, public announcements, and digital platforms ensure that warnings reach the relevant stakeholders promptly.

Synergy and Collaboration: A Unified Approach

The effective management of maritime safety and disaster response in India relies on the synergy between Kolkata Port, IMD, the Indian Coast Guard, and the Indian Navy. This unified approach is characterized by information sharing, joint training exercises, and coordinated response efforts.

Information Sharing:

Real-time data exchange between IMD, the Coast Guard, the Navy, and port authorities ensures that all parties are informed and can act swiftly in response to threats.

Joint Training Exercises:

Regular joint exercises simulate various disaster scenarios, enhancing the preparedness and coordination of all involved agencies. These exercises help identify and address any operational gaps.

Integrated Response Mechanisms:

In the event of a natural disaster, an integrated response from all agencies ensures timely and effective relief operations. Coordinated efforts minimize the impact on human lives, property, and maritime activities.

Conclusion

The safety and efficiency of India's maritime operations are bolstered by the collaborative efforts of Kolkata Port, the India Meteorological Department, the Indian Coast Guard, the Indian Navy, and advanced early warning systems. Each entity plays a crucial role in ensuring maritime safety, from providing accurate weather forecasts and conducting search and rescue operations to enforcing maritime law and delivering humanitarian aid. As technology continues to advance, the integration and capabilities of these organizations will further enhance India's maritime resilience, ensuring a safer and more secure maritime environment.

[annadaisy06]

Goa Shipyard Limited: A Key Player in Supplying Advanced Patrol Vessels to the Indian Navy

Introduction:

Goa Shipyard Limited (GSL) stands as a testament to India's maritime prowess, specializing in the construction and maintenance of vessels for various purposes. Among its notable contributions are the advanced patrol vessels equipped with cutting-edge sensors and communication systems, tailored to meet the demanding requirements of the Indian Navy. This article explores GSL's role in bolstering the naval capabilities of India through the provision of state-of-the-art patrol vessels.

History and Expertise of Goa Shipyard Limited:

Established in 1957, Goa Shipyard Limited has evolved into a premier shipbuilding facility in India. Initially tasked with repairing and overhauling vessels, GSL gradually expanded its capabilities to include the construction of diverse naval vessels. Over the decades, GSL has garnered a reputation for excellence, driven by a commitment to innovation and quality craftsmanship. Its expertise encompasses the design, fabrication, and integration of sophisticated maritime platforms, ranging from patrol boats to offshore patrol vessels.

The Significance of Patrol Vessels:

Patrol vessels serve as the backbone of maritime security, patrolling territorial waters, conducting surveillance missions, and safeguarding maritime interests. In an era marked by evolving security threats and geopolitical challenges, the role of patrol vessels has become increasingly vital. Equipped with advanced sensors and communication systems, these vessels offer enhanced situational awareness and rapid response capabilities, crucial for maintaining maritime sovereignty and combating maritime threats.

Integration of Advanced Sensors and Communication Systems:

One of the distinguishing features of GSL's patrol vessels is the integration of advanced sensors and communication systems. These systems enable real-time data collection, processing, and dissemination, empowering naval operators with actionable intelligence. Cutting-edge radar systems, electro-optical sensors, and surveillance suites enhance the vessel's detection capabilities, enabling it to identify and track potential threats across vast maritime domains. Furthermore, robust communication systems facilitate seamless coordination with naval command centers, allied forces, and maritime stakeholders, ensuring effective mission execution and response coordination.

Collaboration with the Indian Navy:

GSL's partnership with the Indian Navy is founded on mutual trust, collaboration, and a shared commitment to national security. As a strategic partner, GSL works closely with the Indian Navy to understand its operational requirements and technological aspirations. This collaborative approach facilitates the co-development of patrol vessels tailored to meet the specific needs and challenges encountered by the Indian Navy. By leveraging the expertise of both entities, GSL delivers innovative solutions that enhance the Indian Navy's maritime capabilities and operational effectiveness.

Technological Advancements in GSL's Patrol Vessels:

GSL's patrol vessels represent the pinnacle of technological innovation in maritime engineering. Through continuous research and development efforts, GSL integrates the latest advancements in hull design, propulsion systems, and onboard systems to optimize performance and reliability. Advanced composite materials enhance structural integrity while reducing weight, resulting in improved fuel efficiency and maneuverability. Moreover, the adoption of stealth technology minimizes the vessel's radar cross-section, enhancing its stealth capabilities and survivability in hostile environments.

Operational Versatility and Mission Flexibility:

GSL's patrol vessels are designed for versatility, capable of undertaking a wide range of maritime missions with precision and efficiency. Whether conducting coastal patrols, anti-piracy operations, search and rescue missions, or maritime law enforcement, these vessels excel in diverse operational environments. Modular design features allow for mission-specific customization, enabling the integration of specialized equipment and weapon systems as per operational requirements. This adaptability ensures that GSL's patrol vessels remain at the forefront of maritime security, ready to address emerging threats and challenges.

Impact on Maritime Security and National Defense:

The deployment of GSL's advanced patrol vessels has had a transformative impact on India's maritime security landscape and national defense posture. By enhancing maritime domain awareness, deterring illicit activities, and safeguarding critical maritime infrastructure, these vessels contribute significantly to maintaining peace and stability in the region. Moreover, their interoperability with other naval assets strengthens the Indian Navy's ability to conduct joint and coordinated operations, thereby enhancing overall operational effectiveness and force projection capabilities.

Future Prospects and Innovation:

As India's maritime ambitions continue to evolve, GSL remains committed to driving innovation and pushing the boundaries of naval technology. Future patrol vessel programs will likely focus on integrating autonomous systems, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities to further enhance operational efficiency and effectiveness. Additionally, GSL will continue to prioritize sustainability and environmental stewardship, exploring eco-friendly propulsion technologies and green manufacturing practices to minimize the ecological footprint of its vessels.

In conclusion, Goa Shipyard Limited plays a pivotal role in strengthening India's maritime security and defense capabilities through the provision of advanced patrol vessels to the Indian Navy. Equipped with state-of-the-art sensors and communication systems, these vessels embody the spirit of innovation and excellence, enabling the Indian Navy to safeguard its maritime interests with confidence and resolve. Looking ahead, GSL remains committed to fostering collaboration, driving technological innovation, and contributing to India's maritime prowess on the global stage.

[manasastuff-blog]

TOP 10 DEFENCE JOBS TRAINING IN INDIA

Introduction

In the realm of defense careers in India, there are numerous opportunities awaiting young individuals who are passionate about serving their country. Let's explore the top 10 defense jobs in India that offer exciting career paths and a chance to make a meaningful impact.

1. Indian Army

The Indian Army is of the largest defense forces in the world, offering a wide range of job opportunities to individuals from all walks of life. From the infantry to logistics and engineering, there is something for everyone in the Indian Army.

2. Indian Navy

With a rich maritime history, the Indian Navy provides opportunities for candidates to serve both on the seas and on land. Whether you are interested in naval aviation, submarines, or surface warfare, the Indian Navy has a role for you.

3. Indian Air Force

The Indian Air Force is known for its cutting-edge technology and advanced aircraft. Joining the Air Force allows individuals to become pilots, engineers, air traffic controllers, and more, ensuring a diverse and challenging career path.

4. Border Security Force (BSF)

The BSF plays a crucial role in safeguarding India's borders, offering positions in border management, counter-terrorism, and disaster response. Serving in the BSF provides a unique opportunity to protect the nation's borders and ensure national security.

5. Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF)

As one of the largest paramilitary forces in the world, the CRPF offers a variety of roles in law enforcement, counter-insurgency, and disaster response. Serving in the CRPF allows individuals to contribute to maintaining internal security and peace in the country.

6. Indian Coast Guard

The Indian Coast Guard is responsible for protecting the country's maritime interests and enforcing maritime law. Joining the Coast Guard provides opportunities to serve at sea, engage in search and rescue operations, and prevent maritime pollution.

7. Sashastra Seema Bal (SSB)

The SSB is a specialized force that focuses on border security and counter-terrorism operations. Serving in the SSB offers individuals a chance to work in challenging environments and protect the nation's borders from external threats.

8. Defence Research and Development Organization (DRDO)

The DRDO is India's premier defense research organization, responsible for developing cutting-edge defense technology and systems. Working with DRDO allows individuals to contribute to the nation's defense capabilities through research and innovation.

9. Armed Forces Medical Services (AFMS)

The AFMS provides medical and healthcare services to the armed forces, ensuring the health and well-being of service members. Joining the AFMS allows medical professionals to serve the country's defense forces and make a meaningful impact on the health of our armed forces.

10. Military Nursing Service (MNS)

The MNS offers opportunities for nursing professionals to serve in the armed forces and provide healthcare to service members. Serving in the MNS allows nurses to contribute to the well-being of our armed forces and support their medical needs.

By exploring these top 10 defense jobs in India, individuals can pursue their passion for defense, serve their country with pride, and build a fulfilling career in the defense sector.

[militaryleak]

India Navy Launches Fourth Coastal Anti-Submarine Warfare Corvette Amini

‘Amini’, the 4th of eight Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) Shallow-Water Craft (SWC) Project being built by M/s GRSE for Indian Navy was launched on 16 Nov 23 at M/s L&T, Kattupalli. The launch ceremony was presided over by VAdm Sandeep Naithani, Chief of Materiel. In keeping with maritime tradition, Mrs Manju Naithani launched the ship to the invocation from Atharva Veda. The ship has been named Amini to signify the strategic maritime importance accorded to the island of Amini at Lakshadweep, located about 400 Km west of Kochi. The contract for building eight ASW SWC ships was signed between MoD and Garden Reach Shipbuilders & Engineers (GRSE), Kolkata on 29 Apr 19. The Anti-Submarine Warfare Shallow Water Craft (ASW-SWC) corvettes, are being built for the Indian Navy. The 77m long ASW SWC ships with a displacement of 900 tons have a maximum speed of 25 knots and endurance of approx 1,800 nautical miles. They were conceived as a replacement to the ageing Abhay-class corvettes of the Indian Navy, and are designed to undertake ASW duties – including subsurface surveillance in littoral waters, search-and-attack unit (SAU) missions and coordinated anti-submarine warfare operations with naval aircraft. They were also designed to provide secondary duties – including defense against intruding aircraft, minelaying and search-and-rescue (SAR).

‘Amini’, the 4th of eight Anti-Submarine Warfare (ASW) Shallow-Water Craft (SWC) Project being built by M/s GRSE for Indian Navy was launched on 16 Nov 23 at M/s L&T, Kattupalli. The launch ceremony was presided over by VAdm Sandeep Naithani, Chief of Materiel. In keeping with maritime tradition, Mrs Manju Naithani launched the ship to the invocation from Atharva Veda. The ship has been named…

[certainrebelarbiter]

Naval Vessels and Surface Combatants Market Size, Analysis 2026

The global Naval Vessels And Surface Combatants Market size is projected to reach USD 41.82 billion by 2026 owing to the advancement in technology in naval warships. Such warships are used for sea-based battlefield operations and are inclusive of vertical missile launchers, rocket launchers, torpedo launching systems, and anti-submarine rocket launchers. Fortune Business Insights™ offers a 360-degree overview of the market and its prime growth parameters in their recently published report titled, “Naval Vessels and Surface Combatants Market Size, Share and Global Trend By Platform (Aircraft Carriers, Destroyers, Corvettes, Amphibious ships, Frigates, and Auxiliary Vessels) By System (Marine Engine System, Weapon Launch System, Sensor System, Control System, Electrical system, Auxiliary system, and Communication System) By Application (Search and Rescue, Combat operations, MCM Operations, Coastal Surveillance, and Others), and Regional Forecast, 2023-2026.” As per this report, the value of the market was USD 34.24 billion in 2018 and is anticipated to exhibit a CAGR of 2.52% during the forecast period set from 2019 to 2026.

Source:

What are the Report Highlights?

The report offers a comprehensive overview of the market and emphasizes factors propelling, repelling, obstructing, and creating opportunities for the market. It also throws light on the table of segmentation, the list of leading segments with figures, and their attributed factors. The report also discusses the competitive landscape of the market, the list of significant players, and the key strategies adopted by them to gain a competitive edge in the market. Besides this, the report highlights the major industry developments of the market, current naval vessels and surface combatants market trends, and other interesting insights into the market.

Market Drivers

Advent of 3D Printing Technology will Boost Market

The incorporation of technologies such as Information, Communication, and Technology (ICT) in naval ships is a major factor promoting the naval vessels and surface combatants market growth. This, coupled with the rapid change in weapon launch system and sensor system technology, will also drive the market. Moreover, the advent of integrated electric propulsion technology, coupled with the rising demand for 3D printing technology to build complex geometric ships are likely to aid in the expansion of the market in the future.

Regional Segmentation:

Increasing Budget from Defense Sector of Emerging Economies will help Asia Pacific register Fastest Growth Rate

On the basis of geography, North America is holding the dominant naval vessels and surface combatants market share with a revenue of USD 13.41 billion. The growth of this region is attributed to the substantial expenditures on corvettes and carrier replacement program from the U.S. Navy. This, coupled with the presence of key players such as General Dynamics Corporation, Lockheed Martin Corporation, and Huntington Ingalls Industries, Inc. are also expected to boost the market in the region.

On the other hand, the market in Asia Pacific will witness the fastest growth on account of the rising defense budget from the Indian Navy and the People’s Liberation Army Navy, China. Additionally, the rising demand for advanced autonomous cruises and warships is likely to propel the market in Europe. Furthermore, the rise in expenditure on auxiliary vessels from Latin America will help boost the market in the rest of the World.

Competitive Landscape:

Presence of Many Players will Intensify Market Competition

Companies operating in the naval vessels and surface combatants market are engaging in mergers and acquisitions, joint ventures, and collaborations either with other companies or for the government bodies to complete and deliver upgraded and shipbuilding projects. Such initiatives will not only attract high naval vessels and surface combatants market revenue but also help players earn the lion’s share in the market. The presence of many players in this market indicates a fragmented nature of the market, and this may serve as a major factor intensifying the overall market competition in the forthcoming years.

Significant Industry Developments of the Beverage Packaging Market include:

June 2017 – The U.S. Navy and Huntington Ingalls Industries Inc., entered into a collaboration for the building of Destroyer Jack H. Lucas (DDG 125). Along with this, a modification contract was also awarded to the shipbuilding division of Huntington Ingalls for incorporating the “Flight III” upgrades to the Arleigh Burke-class DDG 51 guided-missile destroyer Jack H. Lucas (DDG 125).

November 2019 – A contract was signed between the Australian Department of Defense and Austal Limited for the delivery of the fifth guardian class patrol boat to the Australian Department of Defense schedules by the year 2020.

[selectivf]

Choosing the Best Surrogacy Centre in Navi Mumbai: A Comprehensive Guide to Surrogacy Cost in Navi Mumbai

The journey to parenthood can be a challenging one, especially when traditional methods of conception are not possible. In such cases, assisted reproductive technologies like In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) and surrogacy can provide a ray of hope. When considering surrogacy in Navi Mumbai, it’s essential to choose the Best Surrogacy Centre in Navi Mumbai that offers comprehensive care and affordability. In this article, we will guide you through the process and help you understand the surrogacy cost in Navi Mumbai.

The Importance of Selecting the Right Surrogacy Centre

Selecting the right surrogacy centre is a critical step in the surrogacy journey. It involves not only finding a reputable facility but also ensuring that it aligns with your values and preferences. Here are some factors to consider when choosing the Best Surrogacy Centre in Navi Mumbai:

Reputation and Success Rates: Research the centre’s reputation and success rates with previous surrogacy cases. A centre with a proven track record increases your chances of a successful surrogacy experience.

Legal Framework: Ensure that the centre operates within the legal framework of surrogacy in India. This includes adhering to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) guidelines and any relevant state regulations.

Experienced Medical Team: Check the qualifications and experience of the medical professionals, including the fertility specialists, embryologists, and gynecologists. They play a crucial role in the success of your surrogacy journey.

Facilities and Technology: A well-equipped and modern facility with state-of-the-art technology can significantly impact the quality of care and outcomes.

Counseling and Support: Emotional support is vital throughout the surrogacy process. Choose a centre that offers counseling services to both intended parents and surrogates.

Transparency in Costs: Understand the breakdown of surrogacy costs to avoid hidden fees and surprises. Transparency is key in making an informed decision.

Surrogacy Cost in Navi Mumbai

Understanding the Cost of surrogacy in Navi Mumbai is essential for planning your journey. Surrogacy costs can vary depending on several factors, including the surrogacy centre, location, medical procedures, and legal aspects. Here’s a breakdown of the typical expenses involved in surrogacy:

Medical Expenses: This includes all the medical procedures such as IVF, embryo transfer, prenatal care, and delivery. The cost may also cover the surrogate’s medical expenses.

Surrogate Compensation: Surrogates are compensated for their time, effort, and the risks they undertake during the pregnancy. This compensation can vary based on the surrogate’s experience and location.

Legal Expenses: Legal fees cover the contracts between the intended parents and the surrogate, as well as the legal process of transferring parental rights after birth.

Agency Fees: If you choose to work with a surrogacy agency, they will charge fees for their services, which may include matching, screening, and support.

Administrative Costs: These include administrative and operational expenses associated with the surrogacy process.

Travel and Accommodation: If you are from outside Navi Mumbai, you may need to budget for travel and accommodation expenses when visiting the surrogacy centre.

Insurance: Health insurance for the surrogate may also be part of the costs.

It’s essential to note that surrogacy costs can vary significantly from one centre to another. Therefore, when searching for the Best Surrogacy Centre in Navi Mumbai, inquire about their specific cost structure and whether they offer any financial assistance or payment plans.

Conclusion

Choosing the Best Surrogacy Clinic in Navi Mumbai is a pivotal step in your journey towards parenthood through surrogacy. It involves careful research, considering various factors, and understanding the surrogacy cost in Navi Mumbai. By prioritizing factors such as reputation, legal compliance, medical expertise, and cost transparency, you can make an informed decision that aligns with your aspirations of starting a family.

Surrogacy is a deeply emotional and personal experience for both intended parents and surrogates. Therefore, it’s crucial to select a centre that not only provides excellent medical care but also offers the emotional support and guidance needed throughout this unique journey.

If you are considering surrogacy in Navi Mumbai, take your time to explore your options, consult with fertility experts, and seek advice from others who have gone through similar experiences. With the right support and the Best Surrogacy Centre in Navi Mumbai, you can increase your chances of realizing your dream of becoming parents.

[townpostin]

Missing Trainer Aircraft Found in Chandil Dam

Indian Navy team discovers wreckage; recovery efforts underway The wreckage of the Alchemist Aviation trainer aircraft, missing for five days, has been located in Chandil Dam. JAMSHEDPUR – A team from the Indian Navy has discovered the wreckage of the missing Alchemist Aviation trainer aircraft submerged in Chandil Dam near Vandih. The recovery team has successfully extracted a portion of the…

[usafphantom2]

IMAGES: Indian Navy MiG-29K makes inaugural night landing at INS Vikrant

Fernando Valduga By Fernando Valduga 06/04/2023 - 18:26 in Military

On May 26, an important milestone was reached in the Indian Navy when one of its MiG-29K fighters successfully made the first night landing aboard the INS Vikrant aircraft carrier.

Officers of the Indian Navy stated that this achievement represents a significant step towards the full operationalization of the warship, along with its air wing, by the end of the year.

INS Vikrant, commissioned in the navy last September, is currently sailing in the Arabian Sea. Its implementation symbolizes a crucial moment in the search for India's self-sufficiency in the defense manufacturing sector. Navy spokesman, Commander Vivek Madhwal, praised the crew and naval pilots, highlighting their determination, skill and professionalism in conducting the challenging night landing test.

This achievement follows the previous conquest of a MiG-29K and a prototype of the naval version of the indigenous light combat aircraft (LCA) successfully landing and taking off from the aircraft carrier for the first time during the day in February. Currently, INS Vikrant is undergoing aerial certification tests and flight integration with rotary and fixed-wing aircraft to reach a combat-ready state as quickly as possible.

Ongoing flight tests involve the use of MiG-29K fighters of Russian origin, which employ takeoffs with ski jumps and are recovered by hooked landings, also known as STOBAR (short takeoff, but interrupted recovery) in naval terminology. Twelve MiG-29Ks are expected to be deployed in Vikrant, while the navy seeks to acquire a new deck-based fighter Officials estimate that the first TEDBF prototype could carry out its maiden flight by 2026 and go into production by 2031.

In terms of on-board fighter competition, the French fighter Rafale M was selected to the detriment of the American F/A-18 Super Hornet to equip the navy with 26 new aircraft for the INS Vikrant, as previously reported. The Vikrant, with 76% native content, will operate an air wing consisting of 30 aircraft, including the new fighters, MiG-29Ks, Kamov Ka-31 helicopters, MH-60R multifunctional helicopters and advanced light helicopters.

The 45,000-ton INS Vikrant was built at the Cochin Shipyard. Only the United States, the United Kingdom, Russia, France and China have the capacity to build aircraft carriers of this magnitude. It was named after the previous aircraft carrier INS Vikrant, which was in service in the navy from 1961 to 1997.

Officials indicated that the navy is also considering the construction of a second national aircraft carrier to increase India's maritime power in distant seas. INS Vikramaditya, bought second-hand from Russia for US$ 2.33 billion, led the navy to defend the need for three of these floating airfields, given its extensive area of interest.

The Vikrant is the fourth aircraft carrier operated by the Indian Navy, following the first Vikrant (of British origin) from 1961 to 1997, the INS Viraat (of British origin) from 1987 to 2016 and the INS Vikramaditya since 2013.

With dimensions of 262 meters in length, 61 meters high from keel to mast and a flight deck of 12,500 square meters (equivalent to 10 Olympic swimming pools), the Vikrant has a resistance of 7,500 nautical miles, a maximum speed of 28 knots, 2,300 compartments and the capacity to carry 1,600 crew members.

Tags: Military AviationINS VikrantIndian NavyMikoyan MiG-29Kaircraft carriers

Fernando Valduga

Fernando Valduga

Aviation photographer and pilot since 1992, has participated in several events and air operations, such as Cruzex, AirVenture, Daytona Airshow and FIDAE. He has works published in specialized aviation magazines in Brazil and abroad. Uses Canon equipment during his photographic work around the world of aviation.

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[sia--2022]

Central government jobs are employment opportunities provided by the central or federal government of a country. These jobs are typically available in various government departments, ministries, and organizations at the national level. Central government jobs are known for their stability, security, and attractive benefits.

The specific types of central government jobs can vary from country to country, but here are some common categories:

Civil Services: These are prestigious administrative positions that require clearing competitive exams. Civil services include positions like Indian Administrative Service (IAS), Indian Foreign Service (IFS), Indian Police Service (IPS), and other administrative roles.

Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs): PSUs are government-owned corporations or companies that operate in various sectors such as banking, energy, telecommunications, defense, and more. Examples include Oil and Natural Gas Corporation (ONGC), Bharat Heavy Electricals Limited (BHEL), and National Thermal Power Corporation (NTPC).

Defense Services: This category includes jobs in the armed forces, such as the army, navy, and air force. These positions involve serving the country's defense and security needs.

Banking and Financial Institutions: Central banks, commercial banks, and financial institutions at the national level offer employment opportunities in areas like banking, finance, and economics.

Research Organizations: Various central government research organizations focus on scientific research and development. Examples include the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), and Defense Research and Development Organization (DRDO).

Teaching and Education: Central government jobs in the education sector include positions in universities, colleges, and research institutes.

Railway Jobs: National railway systems often provide a significant number of employment opportunities. In India, for instance, the Indian Railways offers numerous positions across various departments.

To find central government job vacancies, you can visit the official websites of the respective government departments, recruitment portals, and employment newspapers. Additionally, national-level public service commissions or recruitment agencies are responsible for conducting exams and selecting candidates for certain central government positions.

It's important to note that the availability and application procedures for central government jobs can vary between countries, so it is advisable to refer to specific government websites or portals for accurate and up-to-date information.

[hacktechmedia]

C|CL Certificate In Cyber Law

About Service

Certified Ethical Hacker  C|EH  with HackTechMedia

Exam Details

Number of Questions: 125 Test Duration: 4 Hours Test Format: Multiple Choice Test Delivery: ECC EXAM, VUE Exam Prefix: 312-50 (ECC EXAM), 312-50 (VUE)

Basic of computer and Cyber Security

1. History of Computers, Areas of Application

2. Computers and its components, Application Software and System Software

3. Introduction to Operating System

4. Basics of Networks and internet, Types of Network, Definition of Cyber Security

5. Search Engines, E –mails and WWW; Internetworking Devices, Internet Service provider, IP Address, Working of Email system, Domain Name System, Blogs, Peer to peer sharing

6. Cryptography, type, goals , PKI

7. Digital signatures and electronic signatures, Electronic Payment System and Taxation.

8. Computer & Cyber Security:

(a) Types of Attacks,

(b) Network Security

(c) Overview of Security threats,

(d) Hacking Techniques,

(e) Password cracking

(f) Insecure Network connections,

(g) Malicious code

(h) Concept of Fire wall Security

9. Email security: web authentication, SSL and SET

10. Database Security

11. Operating System Security

12. E – commerce & M – commerce System Security 13. Advance Computers, Network & Mobile Security Techniques

Information Technology Law (Cyber Law)

1. Evolution of the IT Act, Genesis and Necessity

2. Salient features of the IT Act, 2000, various authorities under IT Act and their powers. ; Penalties & Offences, amendments.

3. Impact on other related Acts (Amendments) : (a) Amendments to Indian Penal Code. (b) Amendments to Indian Evidence Act. (c) Amendments to Bankers Book Evidence Act. (d) Amendments to Reserve Bank of India Act.

4. Cyber Space Jurisdiction

(a) Jurisdiction issues under IT Act, 2000.

(b) Traditional principals of Jurisdiction

(c) Extra terrestrial Jurisdiction

(d) Case Laws on Cyber Space Jurisdiction

5.E – commerce and Laws in India (a) Digital / Electronic Signature in Indian Laws (b) E – Commerce; Issues and provisions in Indian Law (c) E – Governance; concept and practicality in India (d) E – Taxation issues in Cyberspace (e) E – Contracts and its validity in India (f) Cyber Tribunal & Appellate Tribunal (g) Cyber Regulations

6. Intellectual Property Rights, Domain Names and Trademark Disputes (a) Concept of Trademarks / in Internet Era (b) Cyber Squatting (c) Reverse Hijacking (d) Jurisdiction in Trademark Disputes (e) Copyright in the Digital Medium (f) Copyright in Computer Programmes (g) Copyright and WIPO Treaties (h) Concept of Patent Right (i) Relevant Provisions of Patent Act 1970

7. Sensitive Personal Data or Information (SPDI) in Cyber Law (a) SPDI Definition and Reasonable Security Practices in India (b) Reasonable Security Practices – International perspective

8. Cloud Computing & Law

9. Cyber Law : International Perspective (a) EDI: Concept and legal Issues. (b) UNCITRAL Model Law. (c) Electronic Signature Law’s of Major Countries (d) Cryptography Laws (e) Cyber Law’s of Major Countries (f) EU Convention on Cyber Crime.

[milaeleanor546]

Enhancing Maritime Safety in India: A Comprehensive Overview of Kolkata Port, India Meteorological Department, Indian Coast Guard and Navy, and Advanced Early Warning Systems

Introduction

India, with its extensive coastline and strategic maritime location, heavily relies on its ports and maritime infrastructure for trade, security, and economic growth. Kolkata Port, the oldest operating port in India, is a critical hub in this network. To ensure the safety and efficiency of maritime activities, various organizations and advanced systems play a pivotal role. This includes the India Meteorological Department (IMD), the Indian Coast Guard, the Indian Navy, and sophisticated early warning systems. This article delves into the roles, responsibilities, and technological advancements of these entities, highlighting their contributions to maritime safety and disaster management.

Kolkata Port: A Strategic Maritime Hub

Kolkata Port, also known as Syama Prasad Mookerjee Port, is one of India's oldest and most vital ports. Located on the Hooghly River, it serves as a gateway to Eastern India and plays a significant role in the region's economic activities. The port handles diverse cargo, including coal, petroleum, fertilizers, and containers, facilitating both domestic and international trade.

The strategic importance of Kolkata Port extends beyond commerce. Its location makes it vulnerable to natural disasters such as cyclones and floods, necessitating robust safety and disaster management protocols. To address these challenges, the port authorities work closely with other organizations to ensure preparedness and response capabilities.

India Meteorological Department (IMD): The Weather Sentinel

The India Meteorological Department (IMD) is the primary agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting, and seismology in India. Established in 1875, IMD provides critical weather information and warnings that are essential for maritime operations.

Role and Functions:

Weather Forecasting and Warnings:

IMD offers precise and timely weather forecasts, which are crucial for maritime activities. Accurate forecasts help in planning voyages, ensuring the safety of vessels, and preventing accidents due to adverse weather conditions.

Cyclone Warnings:

IMD's cyclone warning services are vital for ports like Kolkata, which are susceptible to tropical storms. The department uses advanced technology, including satellite imagery and numerical weather prediction models, to track and predict cyclones, issuing warnings to mitigate their impact.

Marine Meteorological Services:

IMD provides specialized services for the maritime sector, including wave forecasts, ocean state forecasts, and warnings for sea conditions. These services are indispensable for the Indian Coast Guard and Navy in planning and executing their operations.

Indian Coast Guard: Guardians of the Maritime Domain

The Indian Coast Guard is a crucial component of India's maritime security apparatus. Established in 1978, it is responsible for the protection of India's maritime interests and enforcement of maritime law.

Core Functions:

Search and Rescue (SAR):

The Coast Guard conducts search and rescue operations to assist vessels in distress. They rely on IMD's weather forecasts and early warning systems to conduct these operations safely and efficiently.

Environmental Protection:

The Coast Guard plays a vital role in preventing and responding to marine pollution. They monitor and mitigate the impact of oil spills, hazardous material discharge, and other environmental hazards.

Maritime Law Enforcement:

The Coast Guard enforces maritime laws, including anti-smuggling operations, and ensures the safety of life and property at sea.

Disaster Response:

In the event of natural disasters like cyclones, the Coast Guard collaborates with IMD, the Indian Navy, and other agencies to provide timely assistance and relief operations.

Indian Navy: Strategic Defense and Disaster Management

The Indian Navy, one of the world's largest naval forces, is pivotal in ensuring the security and sovereignty of India's maritime boundaries. Apart from its defense role, the Navy is actively involved in humanitarian assistance and disaster relief (HADR) operations.

Key Responsibilities:

Maritime Security:

The Navy safeguards India's maritime interests, ensuring the security of sea lanes, ports, and offshore assets.

Disaster Relief Operations:

The Navy's capabilities are instrumental in providing immediate response and aid during natural disasters. Their ships are equipped with medical facilities, rescue equipment, and supplies to support affected regions.

Collaboration with Other Agencies:

The Navy works closely with the Coast Guard and IMD to enhance maritime safety. They participate in joint exercises and information sharing to improve coordination and response.

Advanced Early Warning Systems: Enhancing Preparedness

Advanced early warning systems are critical for mitigating the impact of natural disasters and ensuring maritime safety. These systems leverage cutting-edge technology to provide accurate and timely information, enabling proactive measures.

Components and Technologies:

Satellite-Based Monitoring:

Satellites provide real-time data on weather patterns, sea conditions, and environmental changes. Organizations like IMD use this data to forecast weather and issue early warnings.

Automatic Weather Stations (AWS):

AWS are deployed at strategic locations, including ports and coastal areas, to collect weather data. This data is crucial for accurate forecasting and early warning dissemination.

Doppler Radar Systems:

Doppler radars are used to monitor and predict severe weather events, such as cyclones and thunderstorms. These systems enhance the accuracy of forecasts and warnings, providing critical lead time for preparations.

Early Warning Dissemination Systems:

Effective dissemination of warnings is as important as the accuracy of the forecasts. Systems like SMS alerts, mobile applications, and public announcement systems ensure that warnings reach the relevant stakeholders promptly.

Synergy and Collaboration: A Holistic Approach

The synergy between Kolkata Port, IMD, the Indian Coast Guard, and the Indian Navy exemplifies a holistic approach to maritime safety and disaster management. This collaboration is characterized by information sharing, joint exercises, and coordinated response efforts.

Information Sharing:

Real-time sharing of meteorological data and warnings between IMD, the Coast Guard, and the Navy ensures that all stakeholders are informed and prepared.

Joint Exercises:

Regular joint exercises simulate disaster scenarios, enhancing the preparedness and coordination of all agencies involved. These exercises help identify gaps and improve response strategies.

Integrated Response:

During actual disasters, an integrated response from the port authorities, Coast Guard, Navy, and other agencies ensures timely and effective assistance. This coordination minimizes the impact of disasters on life, property, and maritime operations.

Conclusion

The safety and efficiency of maritime operations in India are underpinned by the collaborative efforts of Kolkata Port, the India Meteorological Department, the Indian Coast Guard, the Indian Navy, and advanced early warning systems. Each entity plays a vital role in this ecosystem, contributing to disaster preparedness, maritime security, and environmental protection. As technology advances, the integration and capabilities of these organizations will continue to evolve, further enhancing India's maritime safety and resilience.

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Click to read Indian navy helicopter emergency landing in Mumbai Crew members rescued smb

Indian Navy: An Indian Navy helicopter made an emergency landing on the coast of Mumbai today. According to the Indian Navy spokesman, three crew members of the Dhruv helicopter have been safely evacuated after the search and rescue operation. The Indian Navy has ordered an investigation into the accident.