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dailytafsirofquran · 4 years ago

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TEFSIR ibn KATHIR: Surah Talaq Ayah 1

In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful

Revealed in Makkah

1 O Prophet!

When you divorce women, divorce them at their `Iddah and count their `Iddah. And have Taqwa of Allah, your Lord.

And turn them not out of their homes nor shall they leave, except in case they are guilty of Fahishah Mubayyinah.

And those are the set limits of Allah. And whosoever transgresses the set limits of Allah, then indeed he has wronged himself.

You know not, it may be that Allah will afterward bring some new thing to pass.

There is a Period during which Divorced Women remain in Their Homes

The Prophet was addressed first in this Ayah, to honor him, even though his Ummah is also being addressed in Allah's statement, O Prophet!

When you divorce women, divorce them at their `Iddah), Al-Bukhari recorded that `Abdullah bin Umar divorced his wife, during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger, while she was menstruating. `Umar bin Al-Khattab mentioned that to Allah's Messenger. Allah's Messenger became angry and said,

Order him to take her back and keep her until she is clean from her menses, and then to wait until she gets her next period and becomes clean again. Then, if he wishes to divorce her, he can divorce her when she is clean from her menses, before he has sexual intercourse with her. This is the `Iddah which Allah the Exalted and Most Honored has fixed.

Al-Bukhari recorded this Hadith in several parts of his Sahih.

Muslim collected this Hadith and his narration uses these words, This is the `Iddah which Allah has fixed for the women being divorced.

In his Sahih, Muslim has recorded a Hadith which is a more appropriate version from a narration of Ibn Jurayj who said that Abu Az-Zubayr informed him that he heard `Abdur-Rahman bin Ayman, the freed slave of `Azzah, questioning Abdullah bin Umar. And Abu Az-Zubayr heard the question,

"What about a man who divorces his wife while she is still on her menses''

Abdullah answered, "During the time of Allah's Messenger, Abdullah bin Umar divorced his wife who was menstruating in the life time of Allah's Messenger. So Allah's Messenger said: (Let him take her back). so she returned and he said:

When she is pure, then either divorce or keep her.

Abdullah bin Umar said, "Allah's Messenger recited this Ayah: (O Prophet! When you divorce women, divorce them at their `Iddah)."

And `Abdullah (Ibn Mas`ud) commented on Allah's statement, (divorce them at their `Iddah), He said, "Purity without intercourse.''

Similar was reported from Ibn Umar, Ata', Mujahid, Al-Hasan, Ibn Sirin, Qatadah, Maymun bin Mihran and Muqatil bin Hayyan.

It is also reported from Ikrimah and Ad-Dahhak. Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas about the Ayah; (divorce them at their `Iddah),

"He does not divorce her while she is on her menses nor while she is pure if he has had intercourse during that (purity). Rather, he leaves her until she has her menses and after the menses ends, then he divorces her once.''

And Ikrimah said about (divorce them at their `Iddah),

"The `Iddah is made up of cleanliness and the menstrual period.''

So he divorces her while it is clear that she is pregnant, or he does not due to having sex, or since he does not know if she is pregnant or not.

This is why the scholars said that there are two types of divorce,

- one that conforms to the Sunnah and

- another innovated.

• The divorce that conforms to the Sunnah is one where the husband pronounces one divorce to his wife when she is not having her menses and without having had sexual intercourse with her after the menses ended. One could divorce his wife when it is clear that she is pregnant.

• As for the innovated divorce, it occurs when one divorces his wife when she is having her menses, or after the menses ends, has sexual intercourse with her and then divorces her, even though he does not know if she became pregnant or not.

• There is a third type of divorce, which is neither a Sunnah nor an innovation where one divorces a young wife who has not begun to have menses, the wife who is beyond the age of having menses, and divorcing one's wife before the marriage was consummated.

Allah said, and count their `Iddah.

meaning, count for it and know its beginning and end, so that the `Iddah does not become prolonged for the woman and she cannot get married again, And have Taqwa of Allah, your Lord. (in this matter).

Spending and Housing is up to the Husband during the Revocable `Iddah Period

Allah said,

And turn them not out of their homes nor shall they leave, meaning, during the duration of the `Iddah, she has the right to housing from her husband, as long as the `Iddah period continues. Therefore, the husband does not have the right to force her out of her house, nor is she allowed to leave his house, because she is still tied to the marriage contract.

Allah said, except in case they are guilty of Fahishah Mubayyinah.

meaning that the divorced wife is not to abandon her husband's house unless she commits Fahishah Mubayyinah, in which case, she vacates her husband's house.

For example, Fahishah Mubayyinah implies adultery, according to Abdullah bin Mas`ud, Ibn`Abbas, Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib, Ash-Sha`bi, Al-Hasan, Ibn Sirin, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Abu Qilabah, Abu Salih, Ad-Dahhak, Zayd bin Aslam, `Ata' Al-Khurasani, As-Suddi, Sa`id bin Hilal and others.

Fahishah Mubayyinah implies disobeying her husband openly or when she abuses her husband's family in words and actions, according to Ubay bin Ka`b, Ibn `Abbas, Ikrimah and others.

Allah's statement, And those are the set limits of Allah.

means, these are from His legislation and prohibitions,

And whosoever transgresses the set limits of Allah, meaning, whoever violates these limits, transgresses them and implements anything else besides them, then indeed he has wronged himself (by doing so).

The Wisdom of `Iddah at the Husband's House

Allah said,

You know not, it may be that Allah will afterward bring some new thing to pass.

meaning, `We commanded that the divorced wife remains in her husband's house during the `Iddah period, so that the husband might regret his action and Allah decides that the husband feels in his heart for the marriage to continue.'

This way, returning to his wife will be easier for him.

Az-Zuhri said that `Ubaydullah bin `Abdullah said that Fatimah bint Qays said about Allah's statement, You know not, it may be that Allah will afterward bring some new thing to pass.

"Taking her back.''

Similar was said by Ash-Sha`bi, `Ata', Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak, Muqatil bin Hayyan and Ath-Thawri.

The Irrevocably Divorced Woman does not have a Right to Provisions and Accommodations from the Husband

He was away from her in Yemen at the time, and he sent her his decision to divorce her. He also sent some barley with his messenger, but she did not like the amount or method of compensation.

He said, "By Allah I am not obligated to spend upon you.''

So, she went to Allah's Messenger, who said, There is no obligation on him to spend on you. Muslim added in his narration, nor housing.

And he ordered her to finish her `Iddah period in the house of Umm Sharik.

He then said, She is a woman, my Companions visit. Spend this period in the house of Ibn Umm Maktum, for he is a blind man; (he cannot see you if) you take off your garments.

Imam Ahmad collected this Hadith using another chain of narration. In his narration, the Messenger of Allah said, Look O daughter of the family of Qays!

Spending and housing are required from the husband who can return to his wife. So if he does not have the right to return to her, then she does not have the right to spending and housing. So leave his house and go to so-and-so woman.

He then said, They speak to her. Therefore, go to Ibn Umm Maktum, for he is a blind man and cannot see you.

Abu Al-Qasim At-Tabarani recorded that Amir Ash-Sha`bi went to Fatimah bint Qays, sister of Ad-Dahhakbin Qays, from the tribe of Quraysh. Fatimah was married to Abu `Amr bin Hafs bin Al-Mughirah, from Bani Makhzum. She said, "Abu Amr bin Hafs sent me his decision to divorce me while he was in an army that had gone to Yemen. I asked his friends to provide me with financial provisions and housing. They said, `He did not send us anything for that, nor did he request it from us.' I went to Allah's Messenger and said to him, `O Allah's Messenger! Abu Amr bin Hafs divorced me, and I asked his friends to provide me with spending and housing and they said that he did not send them anything for that.'

Allah's Messenger said,

Spending and housing are required from the husband for his divorced wife if he can return to her. If she is not permitted for him anymore, until she marries another husband, then he does not have to provide her with spending and housing.''

An-Nasa'i also recorded this narration.

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it-happenedtome · 5 years ago

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a rant

There’s really no way for me to explain this completely, especially like this, but I have been going through absolute hell the last several weeks and especially the last couple of days. I have been throwing up, shaky, dizzy, and weak for days. My doctor is worried about how much radiation I did because even though it hasn’t been a year outside of treatment yet, my body is not healing as it should. I keep dropping weight even when I don’t throw up. Like 3 pounds in a weekend even though I’m eating. I keep shivering and sweating and those are all dangerous signs for me. Especially since I had an “ok” period and then got better.

So I just say this to say that I try not to complain or share my journey as much because I feel like people want me to be positive and expect me to be better by now. But my recovery is going downward and my anxiety and depression are at frightening levels. It's gotten to the point that even the slightest deviation from routine or plans causes me serious panic. So when anything happens, I internalize it thinking all sorts of negative things about myself. I feel paralyzed. This journey has made me a really bitter and depressed person. I honestly fake it sooo much for everyone, because if I acted how I really feel I would be a monstrous depressive who no one can deal with.

I’m not trying to blame everything on my situation but it's not even a situation, sadly this is my life. I sit and wonder, how did I stand in front of a classroom and teach lecture to a classroom full of students who were (sometimes) interested in what I had to say? Now I’m an anxious mess who is too scared to leave the house and I've become incredibly agoraphobic and it makes me very negative in my head. I swear it only takes like .5 seconds in my head to spiral to the worst. (With everyone and everything).

If I never have a normal life again, I will always remember my years in grad school and teaching...Even if I was stressed and tired then, it was a good tired and it was so amazing to be alive and busy and happy. Now I'm just this weird hermit who can’t see anyone except Mihran and her parents. Please don't feel like you have to tell me it will get better, I know people say that because they want me to have hope, but it's just hard to hear on days like this.

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armeniaitn · 3 years ago

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California Democratic Party urges U.S. to end aid to Azerbaijan

New Post has been published on https://armenia.in-the.news/politics/california-democratic-party-urges-u-s-to-end-aid-to-azerbaijan-78098-01-09-2021/

California Democratic Party urges U.S. to end aid to Azerbaijan

The California Democratic Party, at its Executive Board Meeting this weekend, passed by affirmation, a resolution (21-08.014) authored and introduced by DSCC Members and LACDP Elected Members Elen Asatryan and Dr. Suzie Abajian calling on the United States Government to end US aid to Azerbaijan by fully enforcing Section 907 of the Freedom Support Act, Asbarez reports.

The resolution also urges the Biden Administration and the Secretary of State to engage with Azerbaijani authorities for the immediate return of Armenian POWs and hostages.

“With the passage of this resolution, the California Democratic Party sent a clear message to Washington — Our US tax dollars must not fund Azerbaijan’s and Turkey’s blatant human rights violations and war crimes and their attempts to ethnically cleanse Armenia’s and Artsakh’s indigenous population. This starts with full enforcement of Section 907 of the Freedom Support Act and immediate US intervention for the safe return of Armenian POWs,” stated Asatryan. ”I am grateful to my colleagues for their unanimous support and I am proud to have led the effort along with Dr. Abajian to bring forth this critical resolution. It is our collective responsibility to use every possible vehicle to demand and achieve concrete actions,” she added.

“The California Democratic Party stands in solidarity with the Armenian community in demanding the immediate and safe return of Armenian POWs and in reaffirming our call on the United States to hold Azerbaijan & its allies like Turkey accountable – beginning with full enforcement of Section 907 of the Freedom Support Act,” stated California Party Chair Rusty Hicks.

The California Democratic Party’s call to the Biden Administration and Congress comes as Azerbaijan continues to violate the peace agreement of November 9, 2020 by now attacking not only Artsakh, but also Armenian proper, as approximately 200 Armenian POWS and civilian hostages remain in captivity, and as aggressive rhetoric and threats continue to rise out of Baku.

On Sunday, Azerbaijani servicemen set deliberate fires near Armenia’s civilian villages while reports came in that Azerbaijan in collaboration with Turkey is sending militants from Afghanistan to occupied parts of Artsakh. Last week, the Azerbaijani armed forces opened fire on Armenia and Artsakh, blocked several roads including an interstate road that secures the normal movement of the civilian population; cutting off movement and creating major restrictions on access to food, basic necessities, and medical services while also depriving Artsakh’s residents of telecommunication by suppressing mobile and internet connection using unauthorized frequencies. The week prior, Armenia’s Human Rights Defender Arman Tatoyan was held at gunpoint by Azerbaijani servicemen.

“We became convinced by our own experience that presence of Azerbaijani servicemen on the roads between Armenia’s Syunik province is a violation of the right to life and freedom of movement of people,” stated Tatoyan.

“I am grateful to the California Democratic Party for passing this timely resolution and calling on the Biden Administration to do the right thing. Our government must take decisive action against the relentless acts of aggression of the Azerbaijani military, which is causing the loss of life, freedom of movement and indigenous lands for my people in Armenia and Artsakh,” stated Abajian.

The California Democratic Party, through passage of a resolution Asatryan introduced at its state convention held in May 2021, established the call for US sanctions on and divestment of all public funds from Turkey and Azerbaijan until Turkey recognizes the Armenian Genocide, and until the people of Artsakh are afforded the opportunity of self-determination on their indigenous lands, which is in line with the official policies and principles of the party. Waiving or weakening Section 907 of the Freedom Support Act is now considered contradictory to the party principles and policies, thus the resolution did not require a floor vote, but only passage through affirmation of the resolutions committee.

The CDP resolution was a resubmission of Res 025-2024 that was passed by the Los Angeles Democratic Party in May 2021. The resolution will be delivered to President Biden, the Secretary of State, the Speaker and Minority Leaders of the United States House of Representative, the Majority Leader and Minority Leader of the United States Senate.

“The ongoing Azerbaijani aggression has resulted in a regional humanitarian disaster, occupation of Artsakh and Armenia sovereign territories, displacement of over 100,000 Armenians from their ancestral homes, ongoing Azerbaijani illegal imprisonment of Armenian POWs and intentional destruction of Armenian cultural monuments,” remarked ANCA-WR Executive Director Armen Sahakyan. “We thank DSCC and LACDP elected members Elen Asatryan and Suzie Abajian for authoring CDP Resolution 21-08.014 and applaud the California Democratic Party for adopting it, sending a strong signal to Washington and Baku against its malign regional activities.”

Resolution sponsors include Los Angeles County Democratic Party, Organization; Elen Asatryan (AD 43), Suzie Abajian (AD 41), Christine Shimizu (AD 45), John Harabedian (AD 41), Marco Flores (AD 53), Shanna Ingalsbee (AD 43), Cindy Montoya (AD 41), Jason Small, (AD 45), Angelica Duenas (AD 39), Vanuhi Vartanian (AD 43), Carolyn “Jiyoung” Park (AD 53), Karen Suarez (AD 41), Bonnie Shatun (AD 46), Adele Andrade-Stadler (AD 49), Mary Ann Lutz (AD 41), Paul Cole Padilla (AD 49), Kathleen Patterson (AD 42), Linda Perez (AD 43), Michael F. Duran (AD 41), Melissa Taylor (AD 41), Dwight Young (AD 36), Tina Fredericks (AD 41), Mitchell Tsai (AD 41), Steven Fisher (AD 43), Melissa Michelson (AD 49), Rebecca Wolfersberger (AD 45).

“Profound gratitude is in order to Elen Asatryan and Dr. Suzie Abajian for spearheading CDP Resolution 21-08.014, and influencing the Executive Board of the California Democratic Party (CDP) to adopt the resolution. This is a significant milestone, as one of the two major traditional parties in the United States, represented in the 5th largest economy in the world — the great State of California, has made it clear to the Biden Administration that continued U.S. assistance to the dynastic dictatorship of Azerbaijan is antithetical to U.S. values and guiding principles. Further, this resolution sends a clear signal to the Administration that its continued pressure on Azerbaijan’s authorities is paramount in effecting the release and repatriation of unjustly held Armenian POWs and civilian captives,” stated Armenian Assembly of America Western Region Director Mihran Toumajan.

“SCAD is proud that the California Democratic Party is standing in solidarity with our community by passing this very important resolution. No effort must be spared in returning Armenian POW’s from the 44 day war and those taken captive, thereafter. Further, the US must not reward Azerbaijan’s ongoing aggression by affording it further military aid. This resolution is not a mere policy position, but an articulation of our values and principles as Americans and Democrats. Finally, we would like to thank Ms. Asatryan and Dr. Abajian for their steadfast leadership in this matter,” stated Chair of the Southern California Armenian Democrats, Leonard Manoukian.

California is home to over one million Armenian Americans, a large majority of whom are directly impacted by the current threats and are descendants of Armenian Genocide survivors, who have been tirelessly advocating for global assistance and intervention as they witnessed the unimaginable sufferings of their family members overseas, inflicted by Turkey and Azerbaijan.

The California Democratic party is the dominant political party in the state. Representing over 10.3 million democrats, it is also the largest democratic entity in the United States.

Read original article here.

#Armenia #Armenians #Artsakh #Politics

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haidasndwch · 4 years ago

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Best Restaurants Near Meridian Hall

Sud Forno

Restaurant Name: Sud Forno

Phone Number: 14169551100

Website:

Address: 132 Yonge St, Toronto, ON M5C 1X3

Opening Hours: 9:00AM-9:00PM

Dish Type: Italian, Pizza, European

Special Diet: Vegetarian Friendly, Vegan Options, Gluten Free Options

Price: CA$20 for two people

Delivery: No

Yelp Rating: 3.5

Google Rating: 4.3

Zomato Rating: 3.3

Foursquare Rating: 7.2

Are you craving authentic Italian pizzas made in wood-burning stone ovens and homemade desserts served in a warm family-like atmosphere following all the safety protocols? If yes, then take your taste buds on a Sicilian adventure and stop by Fratelli Village Pizzeria in Scarborough. Debit cards are accepted, and no matter how packed the place is, the attentive and kind staff will always seat you at your table pretty quickly.

Terroni

Restaurant Name: Terroni

Phone Number: 14162033093

Website:

Address: 57 Adelaide St E, Toronto, ON M5C 1K6

Opening Hours: 9:00AM-10:00PM

Dish Type: Italian, Pizza, Sicilian, Southern-Italian

Special Diet: Vegetarian Friendly, Vegan Options, Gluten Free Options

Price: C$40 - C$65

Delivery: No

Yelp Rating: 3.5

Google Rating: 4.2

Zomato Rating: 4.0

Foursquare Rating: 8.7

There must be a reason that BlogTO listed Mamajoun as the top 5 restaurants of 2014, and once you've tasted one of their "jouns," you'll know why. In a cozy spot in the Scarborough strip mall, Mihran, the Armenian pizzeria owner, makes Armenian jouns or wraps. He uses his mother's added twists to the traditional lahmajouns by turning them into a panini-style sandwich with toppings of choice. They make fresh jouns daily right in front of you.

Earls Kitchen + Bar

Restaurant Name: Earls Kitchen + Bar

Phone Number: 14169160227

Website:

Address: 150 King St W, Toronto, ON M5H 1J9, Canada

Opening Hours: 11:30AM-9:00PM

Dish Type: American, Bar, Canadian

Special Diet: Vegetarian Friendly, Vegan Options, Gluten Free Options

Price: $11-30

Delivery: No

Yelp Rating: 3.5

Google Rating: 4.2

Zomato Rating: 4.0

Foursquare Rating: 7.6

Vera’s Burger Shack began its life as a beach concession store in Dundarave, West Vancouver, in 1977. It is now located on Davie Street. This American place is famous for its delicious burgers such as buffalo chicken burger, Canuck burger, and Cajun burger. They serve hand-crafted burgers freshly made in-house daily and prepared to order from top tier ingredients. All burgers come with the ‘Usual Suspects’; ketchup, mustard, relish, lettuce, tomato, and Vera’s Sauce.

https://haidasandwich.ca/best-restaurants-near-meridian-hall/

#pizza #burgers #sandwich

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armenianassembly · 7 years ago

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Armenian Assembly Advocacy Yields Results, Welcomes New Members to Armenian Caucus

WASHINGTON, D.C. – As Congress returned to Washington, D.C. this month, the Armenian Assembly of America (Assembly) held over 30 meetings with Congressional offices and Members, thanking friends, discussing key issues, and adding more Members to the Congressional Caucus on Armenian Issues.

The Assembly is pleased to welcome Representatives Ken Buck (R-CO), Joe Kennedy III (D-MA), and Grace Meng (D-NY) as the latest Members to join the Armenian Caucus. Last month, Reps. Ruben Gallego (D-AZ), and Anthony Brown (D-MD) also joined the Caucus as a result of the Assembly’s efforts to expand the Caucus, thus bringing the total as we start 2018 to 117 Members.

“I’m proud to be joining the Congressional Armenian Caucus. I look forward to learning more about issues that impact the American-Armenian relationship and about ways to deepen ties between our two nations,” Rep. Buck told the Assembly.

Rep. Buck serves on the House Committee on Rules and House Judiciary Committee, as well as the Judiciary Subcommittees on Immigration and Border Security and Crime, Terrorism, Homeland Security and Investigations. Last Congress, he also co-sponsored H.Res.220 and H.Res.154, affirming the Armenian Genocide.

“I am proud to join the Congressional Armenian Caucus. New York is home to many Armenian Americans and I am honored to represent a strong and vibrant Armenian American community in my district in Queens. I look forward to serving on the Caucus,” Rep. Meng told the Assembly.

Having previously served on the House Foreign Affairs Committee, Rep. Meng now serves on the House Appropriations Committee and its Subcommittees on State, Foreign Operations, and Related Programs as well as Commerce, Justice, and Science. She represents the Sixth Congressional District of New York, which includes the Armenian Church of the Holy Martyrs in Bayside (Queens). Just this month, Community Board 11 in her district voted unanimously to change the name of the street behind Holy Martyrs to “Armenia Way” to honor the Armenians in Bayside. In addition to co-sponsoring H.Res.220, the Congresswoman supported other Armenian Genocide legislation, including H.Res.154 in the 114th Congress and H.Res.227 in the 113th Congress. She also co-sponsored H.R.4347, “Turkey Christian Churches Accountability Act,” in the 113th Congress.

Rep. Kennedy is a member of the House Energy & Commerce Committee, and represents Massachusetts’ 4th Congressional District, near Boston. In 2015, he signed the Royce-Engel Letter, which urged the U.S. and OSCE to “publicly condemn specific acts of aggression along the line of contact” initiated by Azerbaijan, against Artsakh. The letter called for “a few common sense steps for the U.S. and the Minsk Group to take to deter further violence. Specifically, the call for all parties to withdraw snipers, and the proposal to deploy OSCE monitors and equip them with gunfire locator systems, provides tools to increase transparency and accountability for each and every cross-boundary violation.”

Rep. Gallego represents Arizona’s Seventh Congressional District, which includes portions of Phoenix. His district is located near St. Apkar Armenian Apostolic Church in Scottsdale, where Assembly Western Region Director Mihran Toumajan participated in its “Armenia Fest” this past November. Assembly Executive Director Bryan Ardouny will present a Town Hall Briefing at St. Apkar Church on February 18.

“I’m proud to join the Armenian Caucus and share in the richness that the Armenian Community brings to the United States. I look forward to upholding and advocating for the Caucus’ commitment to the preservation of human and civil rights in Armenia, the United States, and around the world,” Rep. Gallego said to the Assembly.

Rep. Brown is part of the House Committee on Ethics, House Committee on Natural Resources, and House Armed Services Committee. He represents Maryland’s Fourth Congressional District, which is comprised of portions of Prince George’s County and Anne Arundel County near Washington, D.C.’s suburbs. Assembly Board Member Annie Totah and Executive Director Ardouny have spoken with Rep. Brown on numerous occasions on U.S.-Armenia and U.S.-Artsakh relations, and the importance of joining the Armenian Caucus.

“The Armenian Assembly looks forward to working with these new Members and with the leadership of the Armenian Caucus as we continue to strengthen U.S.-Armenia relations and confront Azerbaijan’s ongoing and deadly cease-fire violations,” stated Executive Director Bryan Ardouny. “In 2018, we will also continue to expand our network of State Chairs across the country and are also planning a National Advocacy Conference in Washington, D.C. later this year,” he added.

The Armenian Caucus was established in 1995 as an informal, bipartisan group of legislators dedicated to maintaining and strengthening the U.S.-Armenia relationship. The coordinated efforts of this diverse coalition of Congressional friends of Armenia and the Armenian American community help to raise greater awareness of Armenian American issues on Capitol Hill and unique and lasting bonds between the American and Armenian people.

The Congressional Caucus on Armenian Issues is currently Co-Chaired by Rep. Frank Pallone, Jr. (D-NJ), Rep. Jackie Speier (D-CA), Rep. David Trott (R-MI), and Rep. David Valadao (R-CA) with Vice Co-Chairs Rep. Adam Schiff (D-CA) and Gus Bilirakis (R-FL).

Established in 1972, the Armenian Assembly of America is the largest Washington-based nationwide organization promoting public understanding and awareness of Armenian issues. The Assembly is a non-partisan, 501(c)(3) tax-exempt membership organization.

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sariaghjik · 8 years ago

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1) Circa 1910. Mourad Khodja (L) and Mihran Khodja (R), staff members at the Boys’ Home in Hadjin.

2) Circa 1909. Gyuregh (L), nightwatch at the Boys’ Home and Armenag (R), one of the older orphan boys. Dorinda Bowman took this photograph at the old vineyard house west of town.

#armenian

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joyfulfartwombat · 6 years ago

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http://www.recitequran.com/fr/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/65:1

LIRE

Tafsir

At-Talaq

Le divorce

Ibn Kathir – Anglais

Chapitre

Verset

Page 558

Which was revealed in Al-Madinah

﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ﴾

(In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

﴿ يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ إِذَا طَلَّقۡتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَطَلِّقُو��ُنَّ لِعِدَّتِہِنَّ وَأَحۡصُواْ ٱلۡعِدَّةَ‌ۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّڪُمۡ‌ۖ لَا تُخۡرِجُوهُنَّ مِنۢ بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَلَا يَخۡرُجۡنَ إِلَّآ أَن يَأۡتِينَ بِفَـٰحِشَةٍ۬ مُّبَيِّنَةٍ۬‌ۚ وَتِلۡكَ حُدُودُ ٱللَّهِ‌ۚ وَمَن يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ ظَلَمَ نَفۡسَهُ ۥ‌ۚ لَا تَدۡرِى لَعَلَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحۡدِثُ بَعۡدَ ذَٲلِكَ أَمۡرً۬ا ﴾

(1. O Prophet! When you divorce women, divorce them at their `Iddah and count their `Iddah. And have Taqwa of Allah, your Lord. And turn them not out of their homes nor shall they leave, except in case they are guilty of Fahishah Mubayyinah. And those are the set limits of Allah. And whosoever transgresses the set limits of Allah, then indeed he has wronged himself. You know not, it may be that Allah will afterward bring some new thing to pass.)

There is a Period during which Divorced Women remain in Their Homes

The Prophet was addressed first in this Ayah, to honor him, even though his Ummah is also being addressed in Allah’s statement,

﴿ يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ إِذَا طَلَّقۡتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِہِنَّ ﴾

(O Prophet! When you divorce women, divorce them at their `Iddah) Al-Bukhari recorded that `Abdullah bin `Umar divorced his wife, during the lifetime of Allah’s Messenger, while she was menstruating. `Umar bin Al-Khattab mentioned that to Allah’s Messenger. Allah’s Messenger became angry and said,

« لِيُرَاجِعْهَا ثُمَّ يُمْسِكْهَا حَتْى تَطْهُرَ، ثُمَّ تَحِيضَ فَتَطْهُرَ، فَإِنْ بَدَا لَهُ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَهَا، فَلْيُطَلِّقْهَا طَاهِرًا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَمَسَّهَا، فَتِلْكَ الْعِدَّةُ الَّتِي أَمَرَ بِهَا اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَل »

(Order him to take her back and keep her until she is clean from her menses, and then to wait until she gets her next period and becomes clean again. Then, if he wishes to divorce her, he can divorce her when she is clean from her menses, before he has sexual intercourse with her. This is the `Iddah which Allah the Exalted and Most Honored has fixed.) Al-Bukhari recorded this Hadith in several parts of his Sahih. Muslim collected this Hadith and his narration uses these words,

« فَتِلْكَ الْعِدَّةُ الَّتِي أَمَرَ اللهُ أَنْ يُطَلَّقَ لَهَا النِّسَاء »

(This is the `Iddah which Allah has fixed for the women being divorced.) In his Sahih, Muslim has recorded a Hadith which is a more appropriate version from a narration of Ibn Jurayj who said that Abu Az-Zubayr informed him that he heard `Abdur-Rahman bin Ayman, the freed slave of `Azzah, questioning `Abdullah bin `Umar. And Abu Az-Zubayr heard the question, “What about a man who divorces his wife while she is still on her menses” `Abdullah answered, “During the time of Allah’s Messenger, `Abdullah bin `Umar divorced his wife who was menstruating in the life time of Allah’s Messenger. So Allah’s Messenger said:

« لِيُرَاجِعْهَا »

(Let him take her back.) so she returned and he said:

« إِذَا طَهُرَتْ فَلْيُطَلِّقْ أَوْ يُمْسِك »

(When she is pure, then either divorce or keep her.) `Abdullah bin `Umar said, “Allah’s Messenger recited this Ayah: (ياأَيُّها النَّبِيُّ إِذا طَلَّقْتُمُ النِّساءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ فِي قُبُلِ عِدَّتِهِنَّ) (O Prophet! When you divorce women, divorce them at their `Iddah) And `Abdullah (Ibn Mas`ud) commented on Allah’s statement,

﴿ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِہِنَّ ﴾

(divorce them at their `Iddah) He said, “Purity without intercourse.” Similar was reported from Ibn `Umar, `Ata’, Mujahid, Al-Hasan, Ibn Sirin, Qatadah, Maymun bin Mihran and Muqatil bin Hayyan. It is also reported from `Ikrimah and Ad-Dahhak. `Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas about the Ayah;

﴿ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِہِنَّ ﴾

(divorce them at their `Iddah), “He does not divorce her while she is on her menses nor while she is pure if he has had intercourse during that (purity). Rather, he leaves her until she has her menses and after the menses ends, then he divorces her once.” And `Ikrimah said about

﴿ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِہِنَّ ﴾

(divorce them at their `Iddah), “The `Iddah is made up of cleanliness and the menstrual period.” So he divorces her while it is clear that she is pregnant, or he does not due to having sex, or since he does not know if she is pregnant or not. This is why the scholars said that there are two types of divorce, one that conforms to the Sunnah and another innovated. The divorce that conforms to the Sunnah is one where the husband pronounces one divorce to his wife when she is not having her menses and without having had sexual intercourse with her after the menses ended. One could divorce his wife when it is clear that she is pregnant. As for the innovated divorce, it occurs when one divorces his wife when she is having her menses, or after the menses ends, has sexual intercourse with her and then divorces her, even though he does not know if she became pregnant or not. There is a third type of divorce, which is neither a Sunnah nor an innovation where one divorces a young wife who has not begun to have menses, the wife who is beyond the age of having menses, and divorcing one’s wife before the marriage was consummated. Allah said,

﴿ وَأَحۡصُواْ ٱلۡعِدَّةَ‌ۖ ﴾

(and count their `Iddah.) meaning, count for it and know its beginning and end, so that the `Iddah does not become prolonged for the woman and she cannot get married again,

﴿ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّڪُمۡ‌ۖ ﴾

(And have Taqwa of Allah, your Lord.) in this matter.

Spending and Housing is up to the Husband during the Revocable `Iddah Period

Allah said,

﴿ لَا تُخۡرِجُوهُنَّ مِنۢ بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَلَا يَخۡرُجۡنَ ﴾

(And turn them not out of their homes nor shall they leave,) meaning, during the duration of the `Iddah, she has the right to housing from her husband, as long as the `Iddah period continues. Therefore, the husband does not have the right to force her out of her house, nor is she allowed to leave his house, because she is still tied to the marriage contract. Allah said,

﴿ إِلَّآ أَن يَأۡتِينَ بِفَـٰحِشَةٍ۬ مُّبَيِّنَةٍ۬‌ۚ ﴾

(except in case they are guilty of Fahishah Mubayyinah.) meaning that the divorced wife is not to abandon her husband’s house unless she commits Fahishah Mubayyinah, in which case, she vacates her husband’s house. For example, Fahishah Mubayyinah implies adultery, according to `Abdullah bin Mas`ud, Ibn `Abbas, Sa`id bin Al-Musayyib, Ash-Sha`bi, Al-Hasan, Ibn Sirin, Mujahid, `Ikrimah, Sa`id bin Jubayr, Abu Qilabah, Abu Salih, Ad-Dahhak, Zayd bin Aslam, `Ata’ Al-Khurasani, As-Suddi, Sa`id bin Hilal and others. Fahishah Mubayyinah implies disobeying her husband openly or when she abuses her husband’s family in words and actions, according to Ubay bin Ka`b, Ibn `Abbas, `Ikrimah and others. Allah’s statement,

﴿ وَتِلۡكَ حُدُودُ ٱللَّهِ‌ۚ ﴾

(And those are the set limits of Allah.) means, these are from His legislation and prohibitions,

﴿ وَمَن يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ ﴾

(And whosoever transgresses the set limits of Allah,) meaning, whoever violates these limits, transgresses them and implements anything else besides them,

﴿ فَقَدۡ ظَلَمَ نَفۡسَهُ ۥ‌ۚ ﴾

(then indeed he has wronged himself.) by doing so.

The Wisdom of `Iddah at the Husband’s House

Allah said,

﴿ لَا تَدۡرِى لَعَلَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحۡدِثُ بَعۡدَ ذَٲلِكَ أَمۡرً۬ا ﴾

(You know not, it may be that Allah will afterward bring some new thing to pass.) meaning, `We commanded that the divorced wife remains in her husband’s house during the `Iddah period, so that the husband might regret his action and Allah decides that the husband feels in his heart for the marriage to continue.’ This way, returning to his wife will be easier for him. Az-Zuhri said that `Ubaydullah bin `Abdullah said that Fatimah bint Qays said about Allah’s statement,

﴿ لَا تَدۡرِى لَعَلَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحۡدِثُ بَعۡدَ ذَٲلِكَ أَمۡرً۬ا ﴾

(You know not, it may be that Allah will afterward bring some new thing to pass.) “Taking her back.” Similar was said by Ash-Sha`bi, `Ata’, Qatadah, Ad-Dahhak, Muqatil bin Hayyan and Ath-Thawri.

The Irrevocably Divorced Woman does not have a Right to Provisions and Accommodations from the Husband

Here the view of the scholars of the Salaf and those who follow them is that housing is not obligatory in the case of the irrevocably divorced woman. They also relied on the Hadith of Fatimah bint Qays Al-Fihriyah when her husband Abu `Amr bin Hafs divorced her the third and final time. He was away from her in Yemen at the time, and he sent her his decision to divorce her. He also sent some barley with his messenger, but she did not like the amount or method of compensation. He said, “By Allah I am not obligated to spend upon you.” So, she went to Allah’s Messenger, who said,

« لَيْسَ لَكِ عَلَيْهِ نَفَقَة »

(There is no obligation on him to spend on you.) Muslim added in his narration,

« وَلَا سُكْنَى »

(nor housing.) And he ordered her to finish her `Iddah period in the house of Umm Sharik. He then said,

« تِلْكَ امْرَأَةٌ يَغْشَاهَا أَصْحَابِي، اعْتَدِّي عِنْدَ ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ، فَإِنَّهُ رَجُلٌ أَعْمَى تَضَعِينَ ثِيَابَك »

(She is a woman my Companions visit. Spend this period in the house of Ibn Umm Maktum, for he is a blind man; ﴿he cannot see you if﴾ you take off your garments.) Imam Ahmad collected this Hadith using another chain of narration. In his narration, the Messenger of Allah said,

« انْظُرِي يَا بِنْتَ آلِ قَيْسٍ إِنَّمَا النَّفَقَةُ وَالسُّكْنَى لِلْمَرْأَةِ عَلَى زَوْجِهَا، مَا كَانَتْ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا رَجْعَةٌ، فَإِذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا رَجْعَةٌ فَلَا نَفَقَةَ وَلَا سُكْنَى، اخْرُجِي فَانْزِلِي عَلَى فُلَانَة »

(Look O daughter of the family of Qays! Spending and housing are required from the husband who can return to his wife. So if he does not have the right to return to her, then she does not have the right to spending and housing. So leave his house and go to so-and-so woman.) He then said,

« إِنَّهُ يُتَحَدَّثُ إِلَيْهَا، انْزِلِي عَلَى ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْمَى لَا يَرَاك »

(They speak to her. Therefore, go to Ibn Umm Maktum, for he is a blind man and cannot see you.) Abu Al-Qasim At-Tabarani recorded that `Amir Ash-Sha`bi went to Fatimah bint Qays, sister of Ad-Dahhak bin Qays, from the tribe of Quraysh. Fatimah was married to Abu `Amr bin Hafs bin Al-Mughirah, from Bani Makhzum. She said, “Abu `Amr bin Hafs sent me his decision to divorce me while he was in an army that had gone to Yemen. I asked his friends to provide me with financial provisions and housing. They said, `He did not send us anything for that, nor did he request it from us.’ I went to Allah’s Messenger and said to him, `O Allah’s Messenger! Abu `Amr bin Hafs divorced me, and I asked his friends to provide me with spending and housing and they said that he did not send them anything for that.’ Allah’s Messenger said,

« إِنَّمَا السُّكْنَى وَالنَّفَقَةُ لِلْمَرْأَةِ إِذَا كَانَ لِزَوْجِهَا عَلَيْهَا رَجْعَةٌ، فَإِذَا كَانَتْ لَا تَحِلُّ لَهُ حَتْى تَنْكِحَ زَوْجًا غَيْرَهُ: فَلَا نَفَقَةَ لَهَا وَلَا سُكْنَى »

(Spending and housing are required from the husband for his divorced wife if he can return to her. If she is not permitted for him anymore, until she marries another husband, then he does not have to provide her with spending and housing.)” An-Nasa’i also recorded this narration.

﴿ فَإِذَا بَلَغۡنَ أَجَلَهُنَّ فَأَمۡسِكُوهُنَّ بِمَعۡرُوفٍ أَوۡ فَارِقُوهُنَّ بِمَعۡرُوفٍ۬ وَأَشۡہِدُواْ ذَوَىۡ عَدۡلٍ۬ مِّنكُمۡ وَأَقِيمُواْ ٱلشَّهَـٰدَةَ لِلَّهِ‌ۚ ذَٲلِڪُمۡ يُوعَظُ بِهِۦ مَن كَانَ يُؤۡمِنُ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأَخِرِ‌ۚ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡعَل لَّهُ ۥ مَخۡرَجً۬ا • وَيَرۡزُقۡهُ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَا يَحۡتَسِبُ‌ۚ وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَهُوَ حَسۡبُهُ ۥۤ‌ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بَـٰلِغُ أَمۡرِهِۦ‌ۚ قَدۡ جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لِكُلِّ شَىۡءٍ۬ قَدۡرً۬ا ﴾

(2. Then when they are about to attain their term appointed, either take them back in a good manner or part with them in a good manner. And take as witness two just persons from among you. And establish the testimony for Allah. That will be an admonition given to him who believes in Allah and the Last Day. And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out.) (3. And He will provide him from where he never could imagine. And whosoever puts his trust in Allah, then He will suffice him. Verily, Allah will accomplish his purpose. Indeed Allah has set a measure for all things.)

Ordaining Kindness towards Divorced Women

Allah the Exalted says that when the woman who is in her `Iddah nears the end of the `Iddah term, the husband must decide to reconcile with her, thus keeping their marriage together,

﴿ بِمَعۡرُوفٍ۬ ﴾

(in a good manner) while being kind to her in their companionship. Otherwise, he must decide to divorce her on good terms, without abusing, cursing, or admonishing her. To the contrary, he should divorce her on good terms, observing kindness and good manners.

The Command to have Witnesses for the Return

Allah said,

﴿ وَأَشۡہِدُواْ ذَوَىۡ عَدۡلٍ۬ مِّنكُمۡ ﴾

(And take as witness two just persons from among you.) meaning when taking her back, if this is your decision. Abu Dawud and Ibn Majah recorded that `Imran bin Husayn was asked about a man who divorced his wife and then had sexual intercourse with her, without notifying witnesses of when he divorced her and when he took her back. `Imran said, “His divorce and taking her back was in contradiction to the Sunnah. Incorporate the presence of witnesses for divorcing her and taking her back, and do not repeat your conduct.” Ibn Jurayj said that `Ata’ commented on the Ayah,

﴿ وَأَشۡہِدُواْ ذَوَىۡ عَدۡلٍ۬ مِّنكُمۡ ﴾

(And take as witness two just persons from among you.) “It is not permissible to marry, divorce or take back the divorced wife except with two just witnesses, just as Allah the Exalted has said, except when there is a valid excuse.” Allah’s statement,

﴿ ذَٲلِڪُمۡ يُوعَظُ بِهِۦ مَن كَانَ يُؤۡمِنُ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأَخِرِ‌ۚ ﴾

(That will be an admonition given to him who believes in Allah and the Last Day.) means, `this, Our command to you to have witnesses in such cases and to establish the witness, is implemented by those who believe in Allah and the Last Day.’ This legislation is meant to benefit those who fear Allah’s punishment in the Hereafter.

Allah provides, suffices, and makes a Way out of Every Hardship for Those Who have Taqwa

Allah said,

﴿ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡعَل لَّهُ ۥ مَخۡرَجً۬ا • وَيَرۡزُقۡهُ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَا يَحۡتَسِبُ‌ۚ ﴾

(And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out. And He will provide him from where he never could imagine.) meaning, whoever has Taqwa of Allah in what He has commanded and avoids what He has forbidden, then Allah will make a way out for him from every difficulty and will provide for him from resources he never anticipated or thought about. Ibn Abi Hatim recorded that `Abdullah bin Mas`ud said, “The most comprehensive Ayah in the Qur’an is,

﴿ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَأۡمُرُ بِٱلۡعَدۡلِ وَٱلۡإِحۡسَـٰنِ ﴾

(Verily, Allah enjoins Al-`Adl (justice) and Al-Ihsan (doing good) (16:90). The greatest Ayah in the Qur’an that contains relief is,

﴿ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡعَل لَّهُ ۥ مَخۡرَجً۬ا ﴾

(And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out.)” `Ikrimah also commented on the Ayah, “Whoever divorces as Allah commanded him, then Allah will make a way out for him.” Similar was reported from Ibn `Abbas and Ad-Dahhak. `Abdullah bin Mas`ud and Masruq commented on the Ayah,

﴿ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡعَل لَّهُ ۥ مَخۡرَجً۬ا ﴾

(And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out.) “It pertains to when one knows that if Allah wills He gives, and if He wills He deprives,

﴿ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَا يَحۡتَسِبُ‌ۚ ﴾

(from where he never could imagine.) from resources he did not anticipate” Qatadah said,

﴿ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡعَل لَّهُ ۥ مَخۡرَجً۬ا ﴾

(And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out.) “meaning, from every doubt and the horrors experienced at the time of death,

﴿ وَيَرۡزُقۡهُ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَا يَحۡتَسِبُ‌ۚ ﴾

(And He will provide him from where he never could imagine) from where he never thought of or anticipated.” Allah said,

﴿ وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَهُوَ حَسۡبُهُ ۥۤ‌ۚ ﴾

(And whosoever puts his trust in Allah, then He will suffice him.) Imam Ahmad recorded that Ibn `Abbas said that he rode the Prophet’s camel while sitting behind the Prophet, and the Messenger of Allah said to him,

« يَا غُلَامُ إِنِّي مُعَلِّمُكَ كَلِمَاتٍ: احْفَظِ اللهَ يَحْفَظْكَ، احْفَظِ اللهَ تَجِدْهُ تُجَاهَكَ، وَإِذَا سَأَلْتَ فَاسْأَلِ اللهَ، وَإِذَا اسْتَعَنْتَ فَاسْتَعِنْ بِاللهِ، وَاعْلَمْ أَنَّ الْأُمَّةَ لَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَنْفَعُوكَ لَمْ يَنْفَعُوكَ إِلَّا بِشَيْءٍ قَدْ كَتَبَهُ اللهُ لَكَ، وَلَوِ اجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى أَنْ يَضُرُّوكَ لَمْ يَضُرُّوكَ إِلَّا بِشَيْءٍ قَدْ كَتَبَهُ اللهُ عَلَيْكَ، رُفِعَتِ الْأَقْلَامُ وَجَفَّتِ الصُّحُف »

(O boy! I will teach you words (so learn them). Be mindful of Allah and He will protect you, be mindful of Allah and He will be on your side. If you ask, ask Allah, and if you seek help, seek it from Allah. Know that if the Ummah gather their strength to bring you benefit, they will never bring you benefit, except that which Allah has decreed for you. Know that if they gather their strength to harm you, they will never harm you, except with that which Allah has decreed against you. The pens have been raised and the pages are dry.) At-Tirmidhi collected this Hadith and said: “Hasan Sahih.” Allah’s statement,

﴿ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بَـٰلِغُ أَمۡرِهِۦ‌ۚ ﴾

(Verily, Allah will accomplish His purpose.) meaning, Allah will execute His decisions and judgment that He made for him, in whatever way He wills and chooses,

﴿ قَدۡ جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لِكُلِّ شَىۡءٍ۬ قَدۡرً۬ا ﴾

(Indeed Allah has set a measure for all things.) This is like His saying:

﴿ وَڪُلُّ شَىۡءٍ عِندَهُ ۥ بِمِقۡدَارٍ ﴾

(Everything with Him is in (due) proportion.) (13:8)

﴿ وَٱلَّـٰٓـِٔى يَٮِٕسۡنَ مِنَ ٱلۡمَحِيضِ مِن نِّسَآٮِٕكُمۡ إِنِ ٱرۡتَبۡتُمۡ فَعِدَّتُہُنَّ ثَلَـٰثَةُ أَشۡهُرٍ۬ وَٱلَّـٰٓـِٔى لَمۡ يَحِضۡنَ‌ۚ وَأُوْلَـٰتُ ٱلۡأَحۡمَالِ أَجَلُهُنَّ أَن يَضَعۡنَ حَمۡلَهُنَّ‌ۚ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡعَل لَّهُ ۥ مِنۡ أَمۡرِهِۦ يُسۡرً۬ا • ذَٲلِكَ أَمۡرُ ٱللَّهِ أَنزَلَهُ ۥۤ إِلَيۡكُمۡ‌ۚ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يُكَفِّرۡ عَنۡهُ سَيِّـَٔاتِهِۦ وَيُعۡظِمۡ لَهُ ۥۤ أَجۡرًا ﴾

(4. Those in menopause among your women, for them the `Iddah, if you have doubt, is three months; and for those who have no courses. And for those who are pregnant, their `Iddah is until they lay down their burden; and whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make his matter easy for him.) (5. That is the command of Allah, which He has sent down to you; and whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will expiate from him his sins, and will increase his reward.)

http://www.recitequran.com/fr/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/65:1 LIRE Tafsir 65 At-Talaq Le divorce Ibn Kathir - Anglais Chapitre SUIVEZ-NOUS Verset 1 Page 558…

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ultrasfcb-blog · 6 years ago

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Champions League qualifying: Celtic 3-Zero Alashkert (Agg: 6-0)

Moussa Dembele (proper) scored twice within the first half for Celtic

Celtic dismissed an early crimson card to comfortably beat Alashkert and safe their place within the second qualifying spherical of the Champions League.

Moussa Dembele’s quick-fire double – the second of which was from the penalty spot – acquired Celtic off to a flying begin, sandwiching a crimson card for Jozo Simunovic after a excessive deal with.

James Forrest raced clear on the counter-attack to drill in a 3rd.

Alashkert not often threatened and solely wonderful goalkeeping denied Celtic extra.

One bitter be aware for the hosts was striker Dembele limping off injured and supervisor Brendan Rodgers should now wait to study if he can be match for subsequent week’s tie in opposition to Rosenborg.

A late objective from former Arsenal striker Nicklas Bendtner gave the Norwegian champions a 3-2 mixture win over Valur, that means Celtic face a rematch with the aspect they knocked out within the qualifiers final season.

With a three-goal cushion from the primary leg, Celtic had been by no means prone to be concerned, however a blistering begin ensured there could be no hope for the guests.

Celtic defender Jozo Simunovic was despatched off early within the sport

Dembele picked up the ball on the sting of the field and twisted and turned his well beyond the Alashkert defence earlier than ending low previous Ognjen Cancarevic.

However Celtic had been decreased to 10 males simply minutes later – Simunovic proven a straight crimson for a excessive problem.

Celtic continued to dominate regardless and doubled their lead when Odsonne Edouard surged into the field earlier than being introduced down.

Dembele stepped up and despatched Cancarevic the mistaken method to depart the hosts coasting.

The 2 Frenchmen – Dembele and Edouard – continued to wreak havoc. One other highly effective run by Dembele ended with Cancarevic denying Edouard from shut vary.

From the ensuing nook, Olivier Ntcham shot from the sting of the field, however Scott Brown caught a leg out to place the ball over the bar from six yards.

The Armenian champions struggled desperately to maintain maintain of the ball regardless of their numerical benefit, unable to get out of their very own half as Celtic moved the ball comfortably.

Dembele was denied the prospect of a hat-trick after limping off injured within the second half

An extended-range strike from Gagik Daghbashyan compelled a good save from Craig Gordon, however a counter-attack from the nook had Edouard sprinting by on objective earlier than slipping in Forrest to calmly tuck the ball into the web.

Kieran Tierney hit a scrumptious volley from 20 yards that Cancarevic tipped brilliantly over the crossbar, however Alashkert responded with their greatest transfer of the sport.

Artak Dashyan whipped a harmful cross in from the left that substitute Mihran Manasyan missed by a matter of inches.

Moments later, a deft move from Artak Yedigaryan compelled Gordon to race off his line and smother the ball, denying Manasyan a strike at objective.

The tempo of Edouard once more prompted issues on the different finish as he skipped into the field, however he couldn’t discover the end to beat the goalkeeper from a good angle.

Forrest, Callum McGregor and Ryan Christie all had possibilities as Celtic upped the tempo regardless of being a person down.

Regardless of a last flurry, Alashkert lacked the standard to trigger the house aspect any actual issues.

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ultras FC Barcelona - https://ultrasfcb.com/football/8768/

#Barcelona

#Football

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armenianhistory2492-blog · 6 years ago

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The House of Lusignan was a royal house of French origin, which at various times ruled several principalities in Europe and the Levant, including the kingdoms of Jerusalem, Cyprus, and Armenia, from the 12th through the 15th centuries during the Middle Ages. It also had great influence in England and France. - The family originated in Poitou, near Lusignan in western France, in the early 10th century. By the end of the 11th century, the family had risen to become the most prominent petty lords in the region from their castle at Lusignan. In the late 12th century, through marriages and inheritance, a cadet branch of the family came to control the kingdoms of Jerusalem and Cyprus. In the early 13th century, the main branch succeeded in the Counties of La Marche and Angoulême. - As Crusader kings in the Latin East, they soon had connections with the Hethumid rulers of the Kingdom of Cilicia, which they inherited through marriage in the mid-14th century. The Armenian branch fled to France, and eventually Russia, after the Mamluk conquest of their kingdom. - The claim was taken by the Cypriot branch, until their line failed. This kingdom was annexed by the Republic of Venice in the late 15th century. - �� Sources: - Basmadjian, K. J. (Nov–Dec 1920)."Cilicia: Her Past and Future". The New Armenia. 12 (11-12): 168–9. - The Advocate: America's Jewish Journal,Volume 44. 21 December 1921 p. 628 - Kurdoghlian, Mihran (1996). Badmoutioun Hayots, Volume II (in Armenian). Athens, Greece: Hradaragoutioun Azkayin Oussoumnagan Khorhourti. pp. 29–56. - Hill, George (2010). A History of Cyprus, Vol. 2 (1 ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 441. . . . #armenia #armenian #arab #persia #russia #ukraine #urartu #hitler #germany #america #history #truth #f4f #հայաստան #երևան #jew #israel #palestine #religion #christianity

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rhyme-reason-jewelry1 · 7 years ago

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Mihran Guler, affectionately called 'Pasha', is the reason this group of talented artisans came together to form the design house Rhyme & Reason. Mihran was born and raised in Istanbul, in an Armenian neighborhood close to the Grand Bazaar. It was there, at age 12, where Mihran began his jewelry career as an apprentice. His strong work ethic– a trait he inherited from his father -- quickly separated him from others. By the age of 20 he had become a well-respected craftsman and expert in gem setting. Classically trained in the art of diamond setting by numerous masters, Mihran always had a yearning for greater challenges and a goal unnamed and unfilled in Turkey. After years of working in Istanbul, Mihran decided to join his family in the United States, where he could share the knowledge and expertise bestowed upon him by mentors. He knew he was destined to be part of something special and wanted to form a team of people who felt as passionately about jewelry and design as he did. Mihran's first recruit was his youngest sister, who had followed in his footsteps into the jewelry arena. United in their faith and upbringing, Mihran urged his sister Esin to join him in making their mark in a uniquely formed 'family' business. For his part in the collaborative process, Mihran flawlessly combines classical and contemporary precious gem setting techniques in various metals. His grounded and heartfelt passion for his work gives this duo added strength and determination to their united cause of creating meaningful and lasting fine jewelry.

#mihranguler #Mihran Güler #jewelry #rhymeandreason boston jewelry jewelrydesigner #boston #massachusetts

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elkooly · 7 years ago

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http://www.recitequran.com/en/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/65:1

READ

TAFSIR

AT-TALAQ

THE DIVORCE

Ibn Kathir – English

CHAPTER

Verse

Page 558

WHICH WAS REVEALED IN AL-MADINAH

﴿ بِسۡمِ ٱللَّهِ ٱلرَّحۡمَـٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ ﴾

(In the Name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

﴿ يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ إِذَا طَلَّقۡتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِہِنَّ وَأَحۡصُواْ ٱلۡعِدَّةَ‌ۖ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّڪُمۡ‌ۖ لَا تُخۡرِجُوهُنَّ مِنۢ بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَلَا يَخۡرُجۡنَ إِلَّآ أَن يَأۡتِينَ بِفَـٰحِشَةٍ۬ مُّبَيِّنَةٍ۬‌ۚ وَتِلۡكَ حُدُودُ ٱللَّهِ‌ۚ وَمَن يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ فَقَدۡ ظَلَمَ نَفۡسَهُ ۥ‌ۚ لَا تَدۡرِى لَعَلَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحۡدِثُ بَعۡدَ ذَٲلِكَ أَمۡرً۬ا ﴾

THERE IS A PERIOD DURING WHICH DIVORCED WOMEN REMAIN IN THEIR HOMES

The Prophet was addressed first in this Ayah, to honor him, even though his Ummah is also being addressed in Allah’s statement,

﴿ يَـٰٓأَيُّہَا ٱلنَّبِىُّ إِذَا طَلَّقۡتُمُ ٱلنِّسَآءَ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِہِنَّ ﴾

« فَتِلْكَ الْعِدَّةُ الَّتِي أَمَرَ اللهُ أَنْ يُطَلَّقَ لَهَا النِّسَاء »

« لِيُرَاجِعْهَا »

(Let him take her back.) so she returned and he said:

« إِذَا طَهُرَتْ فَلْيُطَلِّقْ أَوْ يُمْسِك »

﴿ فَطَلِّقُوهُنَّ لِعِدَّتِہِنَّ ﴾

﴿ وَأَحۡصُواْ ٱلۡعِدَّةَ‌ۖ ﴾

(and count their `Iddah.) meaning, count for it and know its beginning and end, so that the `Iddah does not become prolonged for the woman and she cannot get married again,

﴿ وَٱتَّقُواْ ٱللَّهَ رَبَّڪُمۡ‌ۖ ﴾

(And have Taqwa of Allah, your Lord.) in this matter.

SPENDING AND HOUSING IS UP TO THE HUSBAND DURING THE REVOCABLE `IDDAH PERIOD

Allah said,

﴿ لَا تُخۡرِجُوهُنَّ مِنۢ بُيُوتِهِنَّ وَلَا يَخۡرُجۡنَ ﴾

﴿ إِلَّآ أَن يَأۡتِينَ بِفَـٰحِشَةٍ۬ مُّبَيِّنَةٍ۬‌ۚ ﴾

﴿ وَتِلۡكَ حُدُودُ ٱللَّهِ‌ۚ ﴾

(And those are the set limits of Allah.) means, these are from His legislation and prohibitions,

﴿ وَمَن يَتَعَدَّ حُدُودَ ٱللَّهِ ﴾

(And whosoever transgresses the set limits of Allah,) meaning, whoever violates these limits, transgresses them and implements anything else besides them,

﴿ فَقَدۡ ظَلَمَ نَفۡسَهُ ۥ‌ۚ ﴾

(then indeed he has wronged himself.) by doing so.

THE WISDOM OF `IDDAH AT THE HUSBAND’S HOUSE

Allah said,

﴿ لَا تَدۡرِى لَعَلَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحۡدِثُ بَعۡدَ ذَٲلِكَ أَمۡرً۬ا ﴾

THE IRREVOCABLY DIVORCED WOMAN DOES NOT HAVE A RIGHT TO PROVISIONS AND ACCOMMODATIONS FROM THE HUSBAND

« لَيْسَ لَكِ عَلَيْهِ نَفَقَة »

(There is no obligation on him to spend on you.) Muslim added in his narration,

« وَلَا سُكْنَى »

(nor housing.) And he ordered her to finish her `Iddah period in the house of Umm Sharik. He then said,

« إِنَّهُ يُتَحَدَّثُ إِلَيْهَا، انْزِلِي عَلَى ابْنِ أُمِّ مَكْتُومٍ فَإِنَّهُ أَعْمَى لَا يَرَاك »

ORDAINING KINDNESS TOWARDS DIVORCED WOMEN

Allah the Exalted says that when the woman who is in her `Iddah nears the end of the `Iddah term, the husband must decide to reconcile with her, thus keeping their marriage together,

﴿ بِمَعۡرُوفٍ۬ ﴾

THE COMMAND TO HAVE WITNESSES FOR THE RETURN

Allah said,

﴿ وَأَشۡہِدُواْ ذَوَىۡ عَدۡلٍ۬ مِّنكُمۡ ﴾

﴿ ذَٲلِڪُمۡ يُوعَظُ بِهِۦ مَن كَانَ يُؤۡمِنُ بِٱللَّهِ وَٱلۡيَوۡمِ ٱلۡأَخِرِ‌ۚ ﴾

ALLAH PROVIDES, SUFFICES, AND MAKES A WAY OUT OF EVERY HARDSHIP FOR THOSE WHO HAVE TAQWA

Allah said,

﴿ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡعَل لَّهُ ۥ مَخۡرَجً۬ا • وَيَرۡزُقۡهُ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَا يَحۡتَسِبُ‌ۚ ﴾

﴿ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يَأۡمُرُ بِٱلۡعَدۡلِ وَٱلۡإِحۡسَـٰنِ ﴾

(Verily, Allah enjoins Al-`Adl (justice) and Al-Ihsan (doing good) (16:90). The greatest Ayah in the Qur’an that contains relief is,

﴿ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡعَل لَّهُ ۥ مَخۡرَجً۬ا ﴾

(And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out.) “It pertains to when one knows that if Allah wills He gives, and if He wills He deprives,

﴿ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَا يَحۡتَسِبُ‌ۚ ﴾

(from where he never could imagine.) from resources he did not anticipate” Qatadah said,

﴿ وَمَن يَتَّقِ ٱللَّهَ يَجۡعَل لَّهُ ۥ مَخۡرَجً۬ا ﴾

(And whosoever has Taqwa of Allah, He will make a way for him to get out.) “meaning, from every doubt and the horrors experienced at the time of death,

﴿ وَيَرۡزُقۡهُ مِنۡ حَيۡثُ لَا يَحۡتَسِبُ‌ۚ ﴾

(And He will provide him from where he never could imagine) from where he never thought of or anticipated.” Allah said,

﴿ وَمَن يَتَوَكَّلۡ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ فَهُوَ حَسۡبُهُ ۥۤ‌ۚ ﴾

﴿ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ بَـٰلِغُ أَمۡرِهِۦ‌ۚ ﴾

(Verily, Allah will accomplish His purpose.) meaning, Allah will execute His decisions and judgment that He made for him, in whatever way He wills and chooses,

﴿ قَدۡ جَعَلَ ٱللَّهُ لِكُلِّ شَىۡءٍ۬ قَدۡرً۬ا ﴾

(Indeed Allah has set a measure for all things.) This is like His saying:

﴿ وَڪُلُّ شَىۡءٍ عِندَهُ ۥ بِمِقۡدَارٍ ﴾

(Everything with Him is in (due) proportion.) (13:8)

http://www.recitequran.com/en/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/65:1

http://www.recitequran.com/en/tafsir/en.ibn-kathir/65:1 READ TAFSIR 65 AT-TALAQ THE DIVORCE Ibn Kathir - English CHAPTER FOLLOW US Verse 1…

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