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autoirishlitdiscourses · 4 years ago

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Discourse of Tuesday, 09 March 2021

I think, is the connection between romance and the poor male subject who is planning substantial areas of thematic overlap, it's no inconvenience for me to assist me in an abusive marriage although I think that putting V for Vendetta at the end of the Gabler course edition. Thanks, Mary Rae! I'm trying to put these two. But what I think you would benefit, educationally and personally, from the same time, I realize. Since you two is going to be including a screen capture, etc. If little Rudy had lived. Another thing that leaves me feeling unsatisfied about your topic might be worth 50 points 10% of your task that you've accepted responsibility. One less paper and saying so is to focus specifically on the final, but I'm hesitant to dictate terms on a technicality. Turbary p. All of them, and some broader course concerns and did a very strong essay in a productive way to go over, but I'll let you know how GOLD looks for undergrads, I'm happy just to pick fewer, but rather because you have any questions, OK? Thank you for doing such an exaggerated form as, say, because there is a scholar's job to make sure I have to define your key terms construct meaning, and talk about is how I grade the first half of the pageant-master and the marketplace, and must not look at it if you feel that there is a useful fallback plan. To answer your question? There will be none. These are all very small number of bonus points you get to everything, I think that there will be there on time. Hell, bandwidth's really cheap these days. It's been a good sense of the landscape, Beckett may also find it necessary to start participating and pick up points for section on 27 November. You'll want to go down the Irish nationalism, the American judicial system, forensic science, technology, the more interesting task. I'm quite glad that it can be determined beyond a reasonable expectation that the overall result of curving grades, which may have noticed that there is a way of providing and resolving complexity in the way that the writer engages. Synge's descriptions of his identity look at the structural schema given to friends: Carlo Linati; Stuart Gilbert J. Too, how is this connected to your topic, and students can find these types of responses to suffering. Failure to turn in for class must represent your thoughts in more detail. I hope you feel good about yourself, then left my office door SH 2432E, provided that you will have an appointment to discuss and haven't quite punched through to being perceptive. Let me know if you go over, and some of the more poignant parts of the criteria that I'll be looking through as I said before, to be, or any sheet music during a quick note to find that giving texts, and what is short-sighted or otherwise just want the TAs to have a week when we're discussing the work you've already lost on the syllabus. This is true for us don't show that there are some comma splices, sentence, phrase, and to relate Ulysses to cubism as the major ones for the final under ordinary circumstances. You picked an interesting contemporary poet.

Have a good narrative path suggests itself to me, but it's also OK to set next to each section that I've gestured in margin comments is quite strong and confident in your paper in several places in my office hours open for nominations from students: You added a just in line 657; dropped the sentence Pleasant to see how much effort is required to send them along a proposal from, in practice, a heavy course load this quarter is over remember that essay. Truthfully, I didn't get any positive feedback and stopped responding later during your discussion in your section who has not removed the price tag from his angry moustache to Mr Power's mild face and said so at this point would be to examine the presuppositions that the passage in question doesn't make its way into your recording. I'm sorry about that form of communication, electronic or otherwise just want to know in San Francisco, who served in some ways in which students commonly make errors, if that person is reacting? I qualified it by email to answer questions that were open-ended questions intimidating or not I apply the late 19th and early 20th century. This means that a lot. Here you are also very well done here let me know if any of these bonuses, which was key in getting into the final.

Excellent! If plans change for any other electronic communications device s during lecture, and extreme claims require very strong essay in a reduction of ⅓ letter grade. Hi, Marlee! Those who are interested in getting into the material to think about how you're using as an obvious set of readings here—and you've remained fair to call on you first, second, and you met them at their relationship and about nine billion other things that people were very engaged and passionate and a server error on the make-up culture: A-range. In the meantime or have a final letter grade, you probably just need a middle A, if your paper, you're welcome to propose alternatives, but all in all, though not the same part of the passage in question by repeating something you address directly as you point out, when the book deals with family relationships: disturbed youth Francie Brady in The Plough and the argument that is faithful and accurate down to thanking the previous week's reading. Something else entirely? Let me know. Which path you choose and why that connection, and the problem with the poem and the ideas of others, because right now your primary payoff is—and then don't follow through in enough depth in your essay, and getting hardware serviced costs a fucking arm and a bit lopsided. —You have a basically fair reading to me. I've gestured in margin comments is quite perceptive readings of the things that would benefit from more concreteness and directness, though I wouldn't gamble on it. What is his point? I will try hard to let me know as soon as possible when you haven't yet written it, I think that the hard part for you would not have to have going on here that you make in your paper being more successful. Part of me wanted to talk about authors other than that they should not be digging deep enough into the midterm; c you can find one here. I'll provisionally see you in section as a person will avoid gaining an advantage. I want to examine the presuppositions that the site is created, so a film adaptation would certainly be one of them has held your grade, divided as follows: Up to/two percent/for/excellent delivery and then map those letter grades is as close to their paper topics, and you connected it effectively to questions from less abstraction to more specific about how readers respond to any emails by Monday night. I think that what your other questions. I would like to see the outline for the temptation offered to the novel reward? This is the issue, but rather to think about propaganda and/or not effectively support the writer's argument. Your recitation score was 46%. Let me know and we'll work out a number of points and provided a good student this quarter, so if you have any questions, OK?

I think that they're integrated into it—it is difficult, but you are not currently counting the boost from your responsibility to ensure that you need to be more than you expect. Hi! I'll answer your other email in just a little bit happier: if you'd like though you're certainly capable of doing an amazing recitation, and an honest and mostly very well.

I think it should be careful about the ever-recurring celebration of the Triffids, Cormac McCarthy's The Road, which is one possible good way to deal with the Clitheroes are less-intelligent and read well, overall. Hi, I try very hard to get your recitation/discussion assignment, Bloom discusses the funeral itself is sensitive and impassioned and showed this in your selection within the absurdist movement Harold Pinter, Paul Muldoon, Extraordinary Rendition Wednesday 4 December 2013 To-morrow the rediscovery of romantic love, since we follow Bloom and/or describing it in a comprehensive list. I don't yet see a specific point about McCabe having a different direction. I hear back until the very first paragraph in the past, the opportunity to see how much you knew about the way that I provide an estimate of participation. They've been getting quieter and quieter in section tonight, and has children, and is also in the sanctity of gun ownership have their prices quoted in guineas, for the quarter. /This may be again, let me know which date you want to deal with. I feel that it's not necessary to call it a try! I will be much much more quickly. Your ultimate guide and final later on for you, because under any circumstances engage in a comparative manner over time, I may overlook it if you have a chance to turn your paper in on time, I just think I can meet you at the logical chain you're constructing—I will distribute your total grade for your research paper will be worth winnin'; only one of their material. Well, and on all sides and develops according to the text. Scoring at least represents itself as a single goal. Remember that you wanted to meet downtown at a time in a close-reading exercise of your discussion. You picked a good selection, in turn, based entirely on attendance for your attendance/participation score is calculated. All but two students attended at least give a more critical attitude toward your larger-scale issues that came up effectively to larger-scale stand on what the paper. If you believe the section a total B-range grade on your part. Also, it was in the morning of the poem.

If you are not major, it's weird. The last two weeks have had difficulty answering any questions as you can get the group as a way of understanding the world? 47: A county in western Ireland, regardless of race, gender identity, and getting a why you think it's important, because sixteen minutes can go a long way, or similar phenomena. P/NP and letter-graded options on GOLD. Let's face it: A very strong job of putting the details of your outline. Everything looks basically good. But rather that being in an automatic non-passing grade but make sure that there are enough similarities there that I suspect, on the final will be worth 50 points for section this information allows them to get back to issues that I've given it another way: It's often that the beginning, though. However, the opportunity to demonstrate this to me, I will be held tomorrow SH 2635. 73-74 3.

You have some good topics buried in there what I'm really saying here is that one thing, you did: Perfect. I think that a few things that are slightly less open-ended questions is the MLA standard will negatively impact your paper until you have questions or themes that you can tie it closely in it according to social structures, gender, religion, and don't remember it in without hurting their grade. In case you didn't hurry through your texts, how does this in your order of preference, when all of your material very effectively this can be a more specific way would help—there are places where you need to have practiced a bit of lingering. Think about how you're going to be prompted on line 14; changed answered to said on 1. So, no rush I'll respond with a C-range, I think, though, so you may have required a bit nervous, but this is worth/an additional five percent/for leading an insightful, focused discussion about the symbolism of motherhood has affected him as a good move to show my hand in this direction would be found here on my section guidelines handout, which is entirely plausible if you assert it, though, #3, what you want me to. 420-22, p. Crashing? I really mean to be perhaps more flexible, is a strongly motivated choice. One option that you look for cues that tell us about the relative value of the text you plan to recite part of that chapter from the rest of the topic further, if you don't. If you get from the same day as another person, and the other side of the values currently seen as most important by the section website, and I'll accommodate you if you get behind. There are a couple of things that we've read this poem. Hi! But you really have done some very good job tonight! I haven't yet posted a copy of your paper,/not/that you were not too late to propose this, here is that I have defined an A or A is out of that first term at a time, but the Latin phrase Introibo ad altere Dei also occurs, of course grade, so it hasn't hurt your grade back this time. Hi! Etc. Your Grade Is Calculated document I do feel free to skip to the next week. I have to ponder each category on the paper is due, and have already missed three sections results in an Eton suit. The iconic X-ray of his other published work. Remember that there are several things that we read though you could talk about why they think it will result in an in-class recitation except for the text in it and let me know if you let me know if you do not accept work after the midterm to pass' policy is documented in the actual amount of reading the few I haven't read; it's of more benefit to introduce some major aspect of the term. You did a good student, and you structure your presentation is unlikely, you have nowhere to store your luggage to section and are comfortable discussing with the how this construction of sympathies works in The Walking Dead, which I scribble notes about things like nationalism and the fact, you really have done quite a difficult selection, in South Hall 3421 as soon as you travel through your selection but were very articulate paper here. I'm trying to crash. If you do something that keeps it from paying off as much as doing an excellent set of ideas in a way of providing and resolving complexity in the text. Just bring it to get people to speak to me about them with more detail if you would have most needed in order to be on the assumption that you select, I think that your topic needs more attention to the course material, and more than nine students trying to suggest that there are some quotes tagged philosophy of history on my comments on it before you they will have consulted any works that you're not sure how much it is not in your home you poor little Rudy wouldn't life. You're welcome! I necessarily believe these things not because you clearly have excellent things to focus on the student's ideas. Grammar and mechanics are mostly solid, and that you will need to already know that a close-read it closely in it. I felt like you have a fantastic opportunity for me to file an incomplete for the term; b write an A-before your presentation out longer, I think one of the play, contemporary politics, religion, nationality, ethnicity, sexual orientation, or by email today, actually. Remember what we now call in English X-ray picture is Roentgen's own X-ray of his travel on the first to get a C and have sophisticated and interesting thoughts, and seemed to warm up quickly. The new absolute theoretical maximum. Again, very good ideas here, and keep you at eight lines, and giving other people talking about a particular race is? You are welcome. Your writing is quite excellent work here in a grading daze and haven't quite punched through to an X and/or symbolism of the discussion was more lecture-oriented. The Playboy of the text that you are absolutely capable of doing this on future assignments, either in linking to it than on the midterm as a whole. Take care of yourself, then go ahead and confirm that no one has enough space to examine your thoughts have developed a great detail simply because it prevents me from carrying annoyance at a time in a lot of things is he willing to grade your paper and make sure that you're constructing. Let me know. Let me know you've got a good student this quarter. You might profitably think about how movement, leisure, power, and you met them at you unless you manage to pick up absolutely every point available is 96%, a giant hawthorn tree in England to we in England to we in England, was supposed to have some very solid job here. Thank you.

#Irish literature #automatically generated text #Patrick Mooney #Python #Markov chains

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emunenen · 4 years ago

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Makao Bora

New Post has been published on https://wp.me/saK8na-bbi

BBI Report Summary - Proposed Constitutional Changes

Chapter Two of the Constitution on formative aspects of the Republic to address regional integration, cohesion, shared prosperity and the centrality of the economy.

This is in order to harness regional trade, investment and people-to-people links to increase Kenya’s prosperity, opportunities for investment and enhance security.

Chapter Three on Citizenship to strengthen the national ethos by outlining the responsibilities of citizens. The amendment is informed by the understanding that the current Constitution has rightly imposed various socio-economic duties on the state but does not envision any responsibilities on the part of the citizen.

Chapter Four on the Bill of Rights to provide a constitutional underpinning for the privacy of citizens’ personal data as an emerging area in human rights owing to significant technological developments in this area.

Chapter Six on Leadership and Integrity to intensify the fight against corruption by strengthening the relevant institutions. This includes providing a mechanism for more expeditious conduct of investigations, prosecution and trial of corruption-related matters.

Chapter Seven on Representation of the People to resolve issues of divisive elections arising from electoral processes. The proposed amendments seek to:

Enhance the transparency and fairness of representation in the electoral system.

Reform the management structure of the Independent Elections and Boundaries Commission(IEBC).

Promote electoral competition based on ideas, values and our shared humanity rather than the common-enemy identity politics that have defined our electoral cycles to date.

Promote gender equity in governance by actualising the Constitutional provision of the two-thirds Gender Rule on the elective and appointive office.

Implement the provisions of Articles 81(d) and 89(7) (b) of the Constitution, which mandate that the electoral system is to comply with the universal principles of fair representation, equality of the vote, and the requirement that the IEBC, in setting constituency and ward boundaries, should progressively work towards ensuring that the number of inhabitants in each constituency and ward is, as nearly as possible, equal to the population quota.

Chapter Eight on the Legislature to undertake the following: Remodel the Parliamentary system by bringing the government back into the House, including the Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Ministers, Cabinet Ministers, the Attorney-General and the Leader of the Official Opposition, being the person who was the runner-up in the Presidential election.

Chapter Nine on the Executive by expanding the national executive in order to promote greater inclusivity, and mitigate the drawbacks of the winner-takes-all electoral formula.

This recommendation, therefore, proposes the introduction of the office of the Prime Minister and two Deputy Prime Ministers.

It also provides that Cabinet Ministers may be appointed from among members of the National Assembly.

The Committee makes this recommendation cognizant of the provisions of Article 77(1) of the Constitution of Kenya which bars state officers from receiving emoluments for more than one role.

Chapter Ten on the Judiciary to enhance judicial accountability to the people of Kenya.

This means that while the independence of the Judiciary must be protected as a fundamental principle, the Judiciary should equally be accountable in a clear manner to the sovereign will of the people of Kenya.

It is therefore proposed to introduce the independent office of the Judiciary Ombudsman, who shall sit on the Judicial Service Commission.

Chapter Eleven on the Devolved Government by making the following changes:

Creating a County Ward Development Fund to be governed by statute.

Increasing the resources to the counties from the current 15% to at least 35% of the last audited accounts and ensuring that the focus is on service delivery in the settled and serviced areas, including for people living near the furthest boundaries of each County.

Embedding the monitoring, implementation and impact assessment of Article 43 rights in the president’s State of the Nation address and in the budgeting process.

Ensuring greater inclusivity, fairness, equity and accountability in the distribution of resources.

Chapter Twelve on Public Finance to streamline public finance principles and processes to promote efficiency and ensure expenditure is directed to maximising utility.

The proposals give special attention to the actualisation of the rights guaranteed under Article 43 as well as strengthening devolution.

Chapters Thirteen, Fourteen and Fifteen to ensure that the Public Service, National Security agencies and Commissions and Independent Offices are not only strengthened but also:

Are accountable to the people of Kenya.

Have internal accountability systems that clearly and transparently separate the power of appointment and promotion from that of interdiction and censure.

Carry out rigorous audits that inquire into value for money and ensure that sound principles of public finance management apply to every arm of Government and every public institution.

Facilitate, promote and enable ethical conduct and responsibility in public resource management.

Chapter Sixteen on General Provisions to define new terms introduced by other proposed amendments. Third Schedule on National Oaths and Affirmations to make provision for the oaths to be administered in respect of state officers for whom such requirements had been omitted.

Read original article on Jambo News

#bbi report #Reject BBI

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gente-reculia · 5 years ago

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Gay Rights Movement - Is it Really There Yet?

Gay rights movement, also called homosexual rights movement or gay liberation movement, civil rights movement that advocates equal rights for gay men, lesbians, bisexuals, and transsexuals; seeks to eliminate sodomy laws barring homosexual acts between consenting adults; and involves an end to discrimination against gay men and lesbians employed , credit lending, housing, public accommodations, and other areas of life.

Gay Rights before The 20th Century

Religious admonitions against sexual relations between same-sex individuals (particularly men) long stigmatized such behaviour, but most legal codes in Europe were silent on the topic of homosexuality. The judicial systems of the many predominantly Muslim countries invoked shariah (Sharīʿah) during a wide selection of contexts, and lots of sexual or quasi-sexual acts including same-sex intimacy were criminalized in those countries with severe penalties, including execution.

Beginning within the 16th century, lawmakers in Britain began to categorize homosexual behavior as criminal instead of simply immoral. within the 1530s, during the reign of Henry VIII , England passed the Buggery Act, which made sexual relations between men a criminal offense punishable by death. In Britain sodomy remained a crime punishable by hanging until 1861. 20 years later, in 1885, Parliament passed an amendment sponsored by Henry Du Pré Labouchere, which created the offense of “gross indecency” for same-sex male sexual relations, enabling any sort of sexual behaviour between men to be prosecuted (lesbian sexual relations—because they were unimaginable by male legislators—were not subject to the law). Likewise, in Germany within the early 1870s, when the country was integrating the civil codes of varied disparate kingdoms, the ultimate German legal code included Paragraph 175, which criminalized same-sex male relations with punishment including prison and a loss of civil rights.

The Beginning Of The Gay Rights Movement

Before the top of the 19th century there have been scarcely any “movements” for gay rights. Indeed, in his 1890s poem “Two Loves,” Lord Alfred (“Bosie”) Douglas, Oscar Wilde’s lover, declared “I [homosexuality] am the love that dare not speak its name.” Homosexual men and ladies got voice in 1897 with the founding of the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee (Wissenschaftlich-humanitäres Komitee; WhK) in Berlin. Their first activity was a petition to involve the repeal of Paragraph 175 of the Imperial legal code (submitted 1898, 1922, and 1925). The committee published emancipation literature, sponsored rallies, and campaigned for legal reform throughout Germany, also as within the Netherlands and Austria, developing some 25 local chapters by 1922. Its founder was Magnus Hirschfeld, who in 1919 opened the Institute for Sexual Science (Institut für Sexualwissenschaft), which anticipated by decades other scientific centres (such because the Kinsey Institute for Research in Sex, Gender, and Reproduction, within the United States) that specialized in sex research. He also helped sponsor the planet League of Sexual Reform, which was established in 1928 at a conference in Copenhagen. Despite Paragraph 175 and therefore the failure of the WhK to win its repeal, homosexual men and ladies experienced a particular amount of freedom in Germany, particularly during the Weimar period, between the top of war I and therefore the Nazi seizure of power. In many larger German cities, gay nightlife became tolerated, and therefore the number of gay publications increased; indeed, consistent with some historians, the amount of gay bars and periodicals in Berlin within the 1920s exceeded that in ny City six decades later. Adolf Hitler’s seizure of power ended this relatively liberal period. He ordered the reinvigorated enforcement of Paragraph 175, and on May 6, 1933, German student athletes raided and ransacked Hirschfeld’s archives and burned the institute’s materials during a public square

Outside Germany, other organizations were also created. for instance , in 1914 British Society for the Study of Sex Psychology was founded by Edward Carpenter and Havelock Ellis for both promotional and academic purposes, and within the us in 1924 Henry Gerber, an immigrant from Germany, founded the Society for Human Rights, which was chartered by the state of Illinois. The issues that gay rights groups emphasized have varied since the 1970s by time and place, with different national organizations promoting policies specifically tailored to their country’s milieu. for instance , whereas in some countries, particularly in Scandinavia, antisodomy statutes never existed or were struck down relatively early, in other countries things was more complex. within the us , with its strong federal tradition, the battle for the repeal of sodomy laws initially was fought at the state level. In 1986 the U.S. Supreme Court upheld Georgia’s antisodomy law in Bowers v. Hardwick; 17 years later, however, in Lawrence v. Texas, the Supreme Court reversed itself, effectively overturning the antisodomy law in Texas and in 12 other states.

https://youtu.be/KmuAZQ-Casc Other problems with primary importance for the gay rights movement since the 1970s include combating the HIV/AIDS epidemic and promoting disease prevention and funding for research; lobbying government for nondiscriminatory policies employed , housing, and other aspects of civil society; ending bans on military service for gay individuals; expanding hate crimes legislation to incorporate protection for gay, lesbian, and transgender individuals; and securing marriage rights for gay and lesbian couples (see same-sex marriage).

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thinktosee · 5 years ago

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IS HONG KONG REALLY CHINA?

HK Protest. Image courtesy WSJ/Paul Yeung/Bloomberg

Today’s post, our 200th, follows upon a previous one dated June 14, 2019 which touched a little on current unrest in HK. The link to the essay is accessible herewith :

https://thinktosee.tumblr.com/post/185587295868/journal-to-david-40th-month

A. OPENER

An individual defines herself. A People therefore is a continuation of the individual, in multiples, through time and geographical space. People evolve from the collective and innate declarations or actions of individuals. A People is a diversity of individuals sharing a common set of beliefs and experience, that is - a nation, state or community.

HK Protest. Image courtesy CNN

B. INTRODUCTION

A nation state is a collective of individuals and people living within a political, geographic, economic and legal construct. It presupposes a voluntary social compact between those who wield political power and the citizens of the state. It is an agreement, like any other legal contract – each party or person, agrees to abide by the terms. Each draws benefits - economic, social, political, including peace and security from the exercise of the agreement.

By this agreement, the citizens agree to sacrifice some of their freedoms for the common good. Citizens are obliged to obey the constitution and the laws of the state, which includes bearing the cost to maintain the state apparatus. In turn, they are entitled to peace, stability, economic and social empowerment, liberty and more (1). And every now and then, the citizens get to decide, through general elections, who should lead them. In the absence of the last, the social compact may be deemed to be coerced, and the leadership is for all practical purposes, illegitimate. Of course, in “international law” as validated by the practices of members of the United Nations Organization, any authority, no matter how undemocratic, is legitimate so long as it has effective control of the state – North Korea and Arabia are examples (the UNO Charter is another thing however. It’s a very good document (2)). The question of moral or natural law does not arise within the realms of political discourse and practice, regrettably, or if they did, it was to serve a narrow political agenda (3).

C. MORE ON THE OBLIGATIONS OF RULERS AND CITIZENS

www.slideshare.net/maheshjp05/social-contract-theory-

A state or government must conform and rule in accordance to the collective will and needs of the people. A government is an extension of the people, without discrimination to economic status, privilege, race, gender, relations, and more. A people represent a collection of the interests of the individuals in the nation state. No one or group (or family) should have more claim to the reins of power. A government (and its functions) is a construct of balance among the rights, needs and wants of its citizens. Never a perfect balance, an impossibility for sure, but a proper or acceptable balance in the pursuit of equality and fairness (balance theory). Where that balance is perceived to be threatened, the legitimacy and primacy of the government or leadership then becomes a question for earnest debate within the citizenry. And at times, that discussion may lead to violence by one or all sides in the body politic, especially where their respective perceptions of justice and equality are not addressed constructively.

Prof Gurr’s tome was one of my required reading materials in college, so long ago.

When a citizen or citizens are in breach of the social compact or agreement, there are penalties. For example, a citizen who is suspected of theft, will first be apprehended, questioned, and charged in a court of law to determine guilt or innocence, and if the former, he is punished for the crime. That’s the penalty for his breach.

Similarly, for the leadership holding the reins of power within the government. However, this presupposes the machinery of the government is efficient and non-discriminatory, or at least forthright. It assumes an independent and non-partisan approach to the discharge of its responsibilities. It assumes a citizenry in control of their government.

D. QUESTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION

Image courtesy holyeverything.com

A few questions which flow from the foregoing :

1. Are the citizens of HK in control of their government? A corollary to this - Do they feel they are citizens of HK or China?

2. Are the machineries of government, HK and China’s sufficiently independent and non-partisan to assure continued confidence and support by their respective people? This is an important question in so far as one party (HK) may not have trust and confidence in the other party’s system (China).

3. What caused the recent social and political unrests, which have also triggered violence in the streets?

4. Did the protesters breach the social compact or agreement?

5. If they did, why?

Let’s begin with a brief understanding of the structure of the current HK government and the economic model which underpins it. A model which the British created when HK island was ceded to Her Majesty, Queen Victoria following the end of the 1st Opium War in 1842. Kowloon and the New Territories were added, later. The latter on a 99-year lease starting from 1898.

E. HK SAR GOVERNMENT STRUCTURE (4,5)

HKSAR flag. Image courtesy shutterstock.com

The HK Special Administrative Region (SAR) is governed by the Basic Law, which took effect when HK “reverted” to China in 1997. The Basic Law was designed to bridge the differing political, administrative and constitutional systems of China and British HK. It expires in 50 years from 1997 when it is deemed the HKSAR will by then, be quite completely integrated to China.

The SAR is helmed by a Chief Executive, who is elected by a broad representation consisting of 1200 members of the Election Committee. The committee is drawn primarily from the business, trade, professional and administrative sectors of the economy. The electoral winner for Chief Executive must be endorsed by China.

The Chief Executive is supported in the administration by the Secretariat consisting of 13 policy bureaux and 56 departments.

The Chief Executive is additionally advised by a 16-member Executive Council represented by distinguished personalities of HK.

The Legislative Council is a parliament or congress of sorts. Its 70 members, half of whom are elected by its functional constituents, perform duties like passing laws, debate policy, approve the budget, endorse the appointment or removal of the most senior judicial officers, etc.

The District Councils, consisting of 458 members, most of whom are elected, perform community or district-based functions as organizing recreational and cultural activities and the like.

The Judiciary of HK enjoys formal independence from the executive and legislative arms of the state. HK maintains the British colonial-era jury system for the most serious offences. What this means functionally is the citizens get to participate directly in government. The jury system is not available in China. (a sidebar - it was removed in singapore after “independence.” A retrogressive and disempowering act for any new nation (6,7)).

The government of HK is functionally responsible for all affairs of state, including foreign relations, except for defence and foreign policy, which are the purview of China.

F. THE ECONOMY (8,9)

Image courtesy spectator.co.uk

Since 1842, HK is a free port of sorts. That is to say, there are in general, little or no tariffs on international trade. This allowed the then British colony to take advantage of trade with the mainland. Smuggling, a by-product of a free port, was prevalent, hugely benefitting the colony. A system of financial incentives was introduced by the British to assure the trade in goods and services received favourable terms in respect of taxation and banking facilities. In a nutshell, HK grew because of its free trade policies, which also offered tax incentives to corporate and wealthy individual residents. It remains a beacon for these to this day (10).

As a consequence of her financial and trading status, HK outgrew her geographical space. While the standard of living as measured by the per capita GDP is among the highest in the world, the level of inequality is also a factor for concern. As the economy developed to first world status in the two decades following 1997, the corresponding cost of living, especially for the working class, became a major political issue. As HK is administratively separated from the mainland, housing and related land uses for its 7.5 million residents were restricted to 430 square miles, including inland waterways. This dense city is understandably attractive to real estate speculators, where billions are made, including by the few large, generally family-controlled corporations on the island (11).

G. THE CATALYST – THE EXTRADITION BILL

Lawmakers grapple over the extradition bill last May. Image courtesy Edmond So/SCMP

The Fugitive Offenders and Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Legislation (Amendment) Bill 2019 was tabled by the Chief Executive in the Legislative Council in Feb 2019 to facilitate, ostensibly, the extradition of persons accused of crimes, including under China’s legal code (12). This was following the tragic case of Ms. Poon Hiu-wing, who was with child and was allegedly murdered in 2018 in Taiwan by her boyfriend, Mr. Chan Tong-kai (13). The accused returned to HK before the Taiwanese authorities could detain him. In HK, Chan was reported to have admitted to the authorities that he had committed the murder. However, there is no common treaty for the extradition of accused persons between HK and Taiwan. So, in theory, this proposed bill, if it became law, should shut that legal loophole. A perfectly normal realm of state to state relations governing criminal activities of accused citizens in their respective jurisdictions. A governance or legal issue, really. Or is it?

Firstly, the fact the HK Chief Executive, Mrs. Carrie Lam tabled this bill or any bill at all, insinuates HK is a state, although not necessarily independent in all matters. It has separate powers which it derives from the will of the people. These powers equate to its political legitimacy. The bill however, was apparently not welcomed by a large segment of the population (HK’s influential business community appears to be sitting this out (14)), as demonstrated by the popular turn-out on the streets, starting in May, 2019. It led, in due course, to a “suspension” of the bill. What is meant by this is the government, under duress, decided to concede for now to the popular will of the people, possibly as a measure to ease domestic unrest. In essence, the apparent breach of the social compact or agreement by the demonstrators is in reaction to the perceived breach to the same terms, by the government when it tabled an unpopular bill, which perceivably tipped the balance against the public interest (balance theory). This then should in all fairness, motivate the government or at least, the Chief Executive, to assume personal responsibility for the political blunder, or as this report by The SCMP states, rumours of her offer to resign were denied by her office (15). She has to date, not officially acceded to this, which then raises popular suspicion (quite understandably) that the bill may be re-introduced in the future.

H. COMMENTARY

Image courtesy Chris Madden cartoons

One may argue that HK is not a democracy, and in practical and legal terms, a region or appendage of China. Hence the popular will of the people of HK doesn’t apply. HK is a part of China and is administered separately under Beijing’s “One country, 2 systems” construct, at least until 2047 when HK’s Basic Law, governing its separate political and administrative system, expires (16).

This argument is interesting. It presumes that a state or government, if at all necessary, may rule in any fashion which the unelected leaders deemed appropriate – a heaven’s mandate, so to speak. Democracy or at least, an open electoral system is judged unnecessary towards the fair performance of the state apparatus. That is to say, the customer, in this case, the citizen doesn’t know what’s best. This then means a few privileged and perceivably just persons determine what is best and correct for the people – a paternalistic or authoritarian approach apparently, and yet also one lacking any accountability to the people (I guess if a private business enterprise operates this way, it will lead to bankruptcy). This is the feudal concept of old, which includes monarchical and authoritarian rule, and which still exists in some form in the twilight realms of the Middle-East, like Arabia and in Cuba, Brunei, N. Korea, China and others. It also covers Plato’s concept of the philosopher kings (17). Iran is an example of this where an unelected supreme religious leader makes the final call. A system as these generally requires an uneducated or captive/pacified and socio-economically static (as in feudal or backward) population, while a few privileged and empowered clans or families run things. China fits that bill under her various dynasties of old till the end of Mao’s reign in 1976. Since 1979, China’s economic system became more pluralistic and internationalized. This helped to raise the living standards of the population, to an extent where China’s economy today is among the largest in the world (18). A stupendous feat no doubt. Along the way, something did not change. It remained mired in time – China’s political system. A few privileged and unelected individuals get to make the call on what goes on in the country. Who selects these leaders? A few, privileged and unelected individuals apparently (19,20). An elitist system which may or may not have given the original “one percent” its name. These leaders are put through a grinder since young to test their mettle to govern. They have many years of experience within the Chinese state machinery. The one thing, and this perhaps is THE THING which they need more exposure to, is empathy. It can’t be taught, I guess. A machine builds more machines, every time (thanks Liz). Empathy. That human touch is considered a weakness, a flaw, especially among those who rule without a mandate. Those who live in fear of being swarmed by the masses will mechanize their body and mind as a way to insulate and isolate.

Image courtesy cartoonstock.com

I am not convinced the Chinese people today care for an authoritarian system. They have come a long way economically and socially since. And yet, this economic and social evolution sped ahead and left the political system far behind. I am also not sure if the political system could catch up if its leaders did try. It may find itself shredded along the way as the ruling Communist Party of the Soviet Union found itself when the empire dissolved a few decades ago (21). This raises the question – is the Communist Party of China holding on to power undemocratically for its sake or the country’s? Are there more than one answer?

HK Youth on the March last month. Image courtesy Telegraph.co.uk

The people of HK are asserting their identity, it seems. A separate identity from that of China’s. HK after all, was administered by colonial Britain for 155 years under an initial agreement with Imperial China in 1842, following upon the Opium Wars. It was a creature of the British legal and administrative system, designed to exploit the abundant resources and markets of the mainland. HK prospered by this designed separateness. Its economic and social progress is dependent on this distinct identity and governance.

The departure of colonial Britain and HK’s reversion to Chinese sovereignty in 1997, led in all probability to a clash of civilizations. In theory, China could do as they please with HK. That again assumes the will of the people of HK is immaterial. This also presents an opportunity to the leaders of China to re-proclaim Chinese identity and sovereignty as a means to stoke popular support within China, which in the on-going unrest in HK, they are doing. Nationalism always has its attractions, especially to distract the people from the reality of a political leadership which is fearful of any change or suggestion to respect the will of the people (22).

However, is direct rule over HK by China preferred by its rulers? That could mean the dissipation or removal of HK as a tax and money laundering haven (the diplomatic term is financial centre). Elites generally have an affinity for this sort of places. China’s elite is no exception. This then, is HK’s major usefulness to the Chinese elites and their counterparts on the island. So why the Bill then? In case some elite members on either side fall out of favour? The bill, if it became law could potentially allow China to wield effective control over the HK elites and their assets on the island. The threat of prosecution for economic crimes is enough to compel many wealthy people to cooperate with the state apparatus.

The bill may be “dead” as the Chief Executive has reportedly declared (23). HK will continue to survive and prosper in the long term. It serves a critical need of the elites in China and on the island. The concerns of the people of HK, including the thousands who turned out for the marches over the last few months, must be addressed positively. The HK economy will falter otherwise.

Several years ago, I was invited by Cassandra Williamson to co-author a paper about China. It may be an interesting read for some. It is accessible via this link :

https://www.academia.edu/8050736/Chinese_Hegemony_and_Its_Global_Impact

I. CONCLUSION

Image courtesy listland.com

I continue to believe that China must evolve politically to a system of universal suffrage. A federal system not unlike the United States’, with a Bill of Rights, may be a sound option. The alternative is what we are now witnessing in HK, Xinjiang and Tibet, and quite possibly other parts of the country in the future.

Power centralized is power shared among a few. This has always been China’s system of governance. It might have worked once upon a time in China. An educated and confident people as the Chinese are today may feel constrained by this political system. All it takes is a cataclysmic event. In HK’s case, it was the Extradition Bill that drew the people to the streets in protest. It is not the underlying cause of the unrest, it seems.

Are HK’s citizens a People distinct from China’s? I guess that depends on whether China had over a period of time, ruled over HK? Let’s find out for sure and ask the People of HK how they feel, shall we?

A People should insist to have their cake and to eat it too! Why not? Otherwise the privileged and unaccountable one percent will go on eating it all.

The People of HK, and China deserve better, as do many other people of the world.

David, Sara and I made several visits to HK in the past. We love HK. David’s last overseas trip was in January of 2016, to HK, with a few terrific friends. HK held a special place in David’s heart. It does for mine too.

David in HK in Jan 2016. Image courtesy Caroline

In the Spirit of David Cornelius Singh

David’s father

Email : [email protected]

https://thinktosee.tumblr.com/

Sources/References

1. https://oregonstate.edu/instruct/phl201/modules/Philosophers/Hobbes/hobbes_social_contract.html

2. https://www.un.org/en/sections/un-charter/chapter-i/index.html

3. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2019/01/venezuela-crisis-latest-updates-190123205835912.html

4. https://www.gov.hk/en/about/abouthk/factsheets/docs/governmentstructure.pdf

5. https://www.gov.hk/en/about/govdirectory/govstructure.htm

6. https://www.scmp.com/article/741029/jurys-out

7. http://www.postcolonialweb.org/singapore/government/leekuanyew/lky2.html

8. https://pandaily.com/one-border-two-prices-how-hong-kong-nurtures-an-underground-smuggling-economy/

9. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/hk.html

10. https://www.taxjustice.net/2018/01/03/hsbc-gangsters-finance-new-film/

11. https://www.asiapropertyhq.com/property-developers-hong-kong/

12. https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3010273/hong-kong-extradition-bill-chaos-and-confusion-reigns-how

13. https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/law-and-crime/article/3005990/body-folded-suitcase-gruesome-details-emerge-hong-kong

14. https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3019441/extradition-bill-protests-why-have-hong-kongs-business

15. https://www.scmp.com/news/hong-kong/politics/article/3018597/carrie-lams-office-categorically-denies-report-she-offered

16. https://www.basiclaw.gov.hk/en/publications/book/15anniversary_reunification_ch1_1.pdf

17. https://www.britannica.com/topic/philosopher-king

18. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ch.html

19. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/shared/spl/hi/in_depth/china_politics/government/html/1.stm

20. https://multimedia.scmp.com/widgets/china/cpc-primer/

https://www.merics.org/en/china-mapping/chinas-center-power

21. https://history.state.gov/milestones/1989-1992/collapse-soviet-union

22. https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/chinas-sovereignty-over-hong-kong-sacrosanct-china-daily

23. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-china-48917796

0 notes

mgladkikh · 6 years ago

Text

Technology and Privacy Rights

In recent years, technology has come to the forefront of social life. For many people, old and young alike, technology has become integral and necessary to the daily maintenance of everyday living. It is easy to understand why this is so: technology provides unparalleled comfort and accessibility for relatively little hassle. And yet, an unseen aspect of this lifestyle is that surveillance and monitoring are increasingly intensifying, as are the technologies that extend their reach. This kind of surveillance is responsible for the “BarWatch” program in BC.

What is BarWatch?

BarWatch is a scan-to-enter system largely seen in bars, clubs and some restaurants. While BarWatch was originally intended to combat gang presence, its reach has since stretched to include general rowdyism and related types of uncivil behavior associated with nightclub patrons.

How Does BarWatch Work?

The purpose of BarWatch is to promote safety and security of patrons in licensed establishments; all visitors attempting to enter a participant establishment must present identification for scanning before they can enter. Any patrons that have previously engaged in unlawful or uncivil behavior are flagged at the scanner and prevented from entering the establishment. Participant establishments must warn patrons that they are members of BarWatch by affixing signs at entryways that contain the BarWatch “code of conduct”.

Who Participates in BarWatch?

Participant establishments that operate and own scanning systems subscribe to an open list of banned patrons. Most bans last one year. Once the ban has run out, the problem patron is moved from the open list to a closed list of banned patrons specific to the establishment originating the ban. This is because problem patrons are often banned—either permanently or temporarily beyond a year—from the establishment that originated the ban in addition to being placed on BarWatch. Such closed lists are not available to other participant establishments.

PatronScan is the company that provides the scanning devices and stores the scanned IDs on a private server. Although its privacy policy states that any data gathered is deleted every 24 hours, PatronScan actually deletes information permanently from the server after 90 days in most jurisdictions. The police are the only authority with the right to store any such information beyond the 90 day period.

The local police partner with participant establishments and actively sponsor and support the BarWatch program. This partnership operates similarly to the partnership between law enforcement and businesses under the Inadmissible Patron Program.

What are the Concerns?

According to the BC Civil Liberties Association, BarWatch is a method of screening, surveillance and black-listing that lacks transparency. It is unclear what rules customers must follow in participant establishments and there is no publicly-accessible information/catalogue regarding what information the scanning system collects and where personal data is kept. Moreover, there is no way to appeal a decision to remove someone from an establishment, and it constricts people’s life choices. Quite possibly it also punishes those who have left the criminal lifestyle, become rehabilitated and rejoined mainstream society. It is also rife with opportunities for abusive banning practices, and may have unintended but harmful consequences for minorities, who are profiled and excluded. This is consistent with BarWatch’s commitment to putting “safety before privacy”, which contains the implication that safety must come at the expense of privacy and that the two cannot exist cooperatively and in tandem.

Collection of Data

When the BarWatch program was initially piloted, participant establishments employed the TreoScope ID scanning system to gather personal data from patrons. This system recorded the age, name, gender, expiry date, driver’s license number and photograph of every patron upon entry at any participant establishment. However, in 2009, BC Privacy Commissioner, David Loukidelis, issued a report stating that a Vancouver bar using Treoscope was collecting and retaining too much personal data from patrons.

In his report, Loukidelis submitted that privacy legislation should be viewed in the same light as human rights legislation, in that it seeks to protect and respect the dignity of individuals. He argued that proportionality and reasonableness should properly limit what surveillance is permissible by private and public entities. Loukidelis found that the bar was collecting too much information in relation to deterring violence and preventing under-age patrons from entering. He suggested that perhaps the Treoscope system was less about deterring violence and promoting public safety, and more about creating evidence to be used to defend against a potential lawsuit.

This report brought changes to the BarWatch system: participant establishments switched to the PatronScan system which collects only names, dates of birth and photographs. Despite this, the debate surrounding BarWatch’s legality has continued.

Accessing Information Illegally

One major concern surrounding BarWatch has been police access to the BarWatch database. Although the database (with respect to both open and closed lists) is owned by the participant establishments themselves, police can access it through a court order when dealing with issues of public safety.

In some circumstances, this has worked well: in 2013, a Victoria man was apprehended by police on attempted murder charges after they were granted a warrant to view a BarWatch database. The charges were connected to the man’s behavior in a participant establishment and the database belonged to the club that originated the ban.

In other circumstances, this has worked quite poorly: in 2015, management at Studio Nightclub & Lounge (“Studio”) in Vancouver granted police access to their BarWatch database in the course of a criminal investigation. The BC Supreme Court would later reject the evidence obtained by police from the database because police failed to obtain judicial authorization before requesting that Studio turn over its records from the night in question. The information gathered by police from the database was key to linking the alleged assailant to an act of violence in the Granville Entertainment District. The photographic information (connected to the accused’s name) turned over by Studio along with street surveillance footage taken of the suspect provided the police a reasonably clear picture of the accused’s footsteps on the night in question. According to the defence, this amounted to a breach of privacy and Charter rights. In providing its reasoning, the Court agreed: there was no evidence that Studio had affixed the necessary signage warning patrons about how the information obtained by BarWatch would be used or stored, and that the nature of the information collected by BarWatch afforded the accused a reasonably expectation of privacy. In conclusion, the Court found the accused not guilty because the police had violated the accused’s Charter rights by obtaining data from Studio’s BarWatch without a warrant.

Arguably, this finding may fall into a pattern of police activity that skirts the rule of law for the sake of convenience. Around 2013, a Freedom of Information Request revealed that the Victoria Police were encouraged to use BarWatch to track the movements of a suspicious individual. This is problematic because the BarWatch program is not designed to provide police with opportunities to retrospectively track citizens. When law enforcement engages in this kind of behavior, it raises serious legal and ethical concerns about the failure of public authorities to comply with provincial privacy legislation.

Nothing to Hide Argument

Much of the debate about the legalities of BarWatch seem to stem around the idea that “if you’ve got nothing to hide, you’ve got nothing to fear”. Notably, this same idea has been used to promote and legitimize the CCTV program practiced across the United Kingdom. Privacy advocates and data security experts alike have described the popularity of this idea as the belief that “the dominant orientation is that mechanisms of surveillance are directed at others”. In other words, most people wrongly assume that surveillance monitoring is not directed at them, but rather at some vaguely-defined societal subset comprised entirely of ill-intentioned delinquents. This suggests a lack of appreciation for the full scope of privacy rights which cannot technically be infringed upon without adequate justification.

In Conclusion

Over the past year, the pro-BarWatch community in Vancouver has unsuccessfully advocated for CCTV on Granville Street. BarWatch Vancouver has also recently announced a partnership with Vancouver Transit authorities to bar individuals who engage in problematic behavior on public transit from entering participant establishments. While police have argued that information would only be passed on from police to BarWatch if the public was at risk, the BC Civil Liberties Association has argued that this sounds “an awful lot like profiling people on transit to give information to a private entity”. This may spell the need for greater oversight over decision-making by BarWatch partners, especially if police are collecting and passing information to private organizations and other police departments for intelligence services. Arguably, if people behave egregiously and violently, there are adequate legal consequences in place to address and curb unwanted behavior without risking function creep. As it stands now, the BarWatch lobby is powerful and may continue to eat away at privacy rights for the foreseeable future.

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The specter of neo-Lochnerism (a term for the era in which conservative justices used specious constitutional justifications) is not absurd. John Roberts successfully gutted the Medicaid expansion provisions of the Affordable Care Act with the aid of two liberal justices. Though he did not strike down the full law, the way he constructed his decision left the gun loaded for future decisions to do just that to other progressive legislation.

In light of this conservative judicial activism, some Democrats want to talk about the realities of a politicized high court. “Republicans and their billionaire buddies have pushed through judges like Justice Gorsuch to rig the system against workers. They can use a stolen Supreme Court seat to try to break the backs of unions and deliver punch after punch to working people – but we will fight back,” Elizabeth Warren told me.

Senator Kirsten Gillibrand, who has been leading the charge for policies like a job guarantee and has co-sponsored legislation to implement Medicare for All and expand union bargaining rights, told me something similar. “Elections have consequences, and those consequences have been severe on the future of our judicial system under President Trump, who is remaking the federal bench to be more hostile towards workers’ rights and civil rights for generations to come.”

These attacks are notable because, for the past decade at least, Democratic voters have largely viewed the Court has a centrist, apolitical institution. In my research, I’ve found that Democratic voters are more likely to approve of the Court than Republicans. In 2016, according to the Cooperative Congressional Election Studies (CCES) survey, 56 percent of Democrats approved of the Supreme Court (30 percent disapproved and the rest weren’t sure) compared with 30 percent of Republicans (60 percent disapproved and the rest weren’t sure). While 43 percent of Republicans believe that controversial votes or opinions from judicial nominees should be considered “a great deal” compared with 33 percent of Democrats, according to my analysis of the American National Election Studies data.) While 67 percent of Democrats view themselves as more liberal than the court, 82 percent of Republicans see themselves as more conservative, according to CCES. Perhaps more disturbingly, 28 percent of Independents see themselves as more liberal than the court and 47 percent see themselves as more conservative.

Current Issue

This may be due to a fundamental misunderstanding of how conservative, and radical, the Court has become. Faris believes more Democrats should be talking like Warren and Gillibrand. “It’s so important to use the Court as a rallying tactic and a way of helping people understand the legal bases of injustice, particularly as they relate to things like economic inequality and racial and gender injustice,” he said.

But most Democrats haven’t embraced this approach yet. My think tank, Data for Progress, has been studying messaging on the Supreme Court from elected Democrats, on social media and other channels. We found that Democratic senators tweet less frequently about the Supreme Court than Republicans. “In a political climate where Democrats have been relying on the integrity of the court to serve as a check against a malicious executive branch and an ineffective legislative branch, Democrats seem to avoid discussion of the courts,” said Data for Progress senior adviser Hanna Haddad, who assembled a data set of every tweet from every senator from January 2017 through June 2018.

Jon Green, a Co-Founder of Data for Progress, studied tens of thousands of newsletters sent by members of Congress since mid-2009, which were compiled by political scientist Lindsey Cormack. “Democrats are less likely to mention the Supreme Court than Republicans. And when they do mention the Court, it is more often to celebrate liberal decisions than it is to alert their subscribers when the Court has sided with conservatives,” Green said. “If this pattern is consistent across other channels of communication between the party and its voters, it could contribute to a misperception of the Court’s ideological alignment among the Democratic base.”

When Trump’s court nominees have come before the Senate Judiciary Committee for confirmation, Democrats generally do not talk about the effect of right-wing justices on everyday economic issues. (Gorsuch’s confirmation hearings were an exception, however.) But Brian Fallon, a former Hillary Clinton spokesman is Executive Director of Demand Justice, is working to change that. “Progressives need to understand: Neil Gorsuch is further right even than Scalia in his zeal to restrict the government’s ability to regulate commerce and protect workers. Gorsuch is on a mission to rehabilitate a conservative brand of judicial activism that was once used to invalidate major parts of the New Deal, but has since been relegated to the dustbin of history,” he said.

Demand Justice is prepared to run ads against Democratic senators who are enabling Trumpist judges, Fallon said. “Understanding and confronting this threat is an essential project for progressive policymakers and activists, or else all our ambitions to secure a $15 minimum wage, Medicare for All and a jobs guarantee will be doomed from the start.”

Demand Justice is just the beginning of an effort to build a more serious infrastructure to push Democrats to hold the line on judicial nominees—much like conservatives already succeed at doing. Fallon provided the Nation with data on thirty-nine votes for cloture on Trump judges, which showed Republicans defected from the party line just twice, and both votes were from Senator John Kennedy, a Republican from Louisiana. On the other hand, many safe Democrats, like Patrick Leahy (who has voted for more than 60 percent of Trump’s Judges) have voted for a majority of Trump Judges.

Senator Mazie Hirono has voted in favor of fewer Trump judges than any other Democrat. When I asked why, she said that “Senate Republicans are doing everything they can to help Donald Trump pack the courts with ideologues who will serve as rubber stamps for his policies.” Hirono has been the sole vote against cloture for six Trump judges, and Demand Justice recently released an ad campaign praising her for voting against more Trump judges than any other Democrat. Warren is the only other Senator to be a sole “no” vote on a Trump judge.

While many Democratic voters may not fully realize how radical the Supreme Court has become, they are beginning to identify certain dynamic. According to survey data from Demand Justice provided exclusively to The Nation, 68 percent of Democratic voters believe that the Court is more favorable to business than workers. (Only nine percent believe the reverse.) In addition, 51 percent think the court is more favorable to law enforcement than defendants, where only 18 percent believe the opposite is true. The Demand Justice survey includes nearly 900 likely Democratic primary voters in eleven states where there is a Senate race this year. Eighty-one percent of Democratic primary voters believe it is very important or somewhat important for Senate Democrats to oppose most or all of Trump’s judicial nominees. Seventy-two percent of Democratic primary voters surveyed said they would be less likely to support a US Senate candidate who supported the majority of Trump’s nominees.

So there’s room for Democrats to take a more aggressive tone when talking about the Supreme Court and judicial nominations—and it’s badly needed. To the extent that the Roberts Court faces political pressure, it comes largely from the right, not the left. Roberts is viewed as a mostly apolitical actor, calling balls and strikes, rather than as a partisan warrior. Democrats need to start providing real talk to the base about what the stakes are. They have, as a whole, been unusually quiet about what may end up being Trump’s longest-lasting achievement.

Read full story here

#Democrats

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autoirishlitdiscourses · 4 years ago

Text

Discourse of Tuesday, 08 September 2020

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Again, well done overall. I suppose. I think that this is a pleasure having you in section I was wondering whether we'll be having section during Thanksgiving week has been a fun class to engage critically with reliable historical sources would pay off. Exactly. What I'd encourage you to be aware that you should be cognizant of what handicaps they may live? Discussion: Well done on this you connected it effectively to larger concerns of the next thing what does it mean to extend the Irish Republic issued by the Office of Judicial Affairs that does not conform to the text imagines its reader, but rather that you find helpful, and during my office hours at all I myself tend to think specifically about this. As promised in the symbolism of the midterm; c divorce is essentially impossible in Ireland at the same degree that you need to be spending time thinking about it from a difficult way to move towards a final selection for what is difficult, and to avoid departing until afterwards, even if the group enjoyed it. I'll most likely cause is that your plans by 10 a. Ultimately, what you wanted to follow up with an unnamed nationalist called only the citizen. What have I emphasized enough that I set the bar for anyone to assume that you don't have a good conversational move might be photos of the two tendencies in Irish: English translation: The Search for the quarter he had to happen is for most of your paper should be more beneficial to both phenomena, integrating your various texts in more detail. I think you overlooked people in, so I wouldn't have thought out that you took. And your writing is quite lucid and compelling, and we will have to worry about not having a different version of your interest, and perhaps then to have a backup plan in case of emergency, please. I think, but I'm also happy to hear, but just that your recitation in section this information allows them to ask about these, if you're talking about the Lestrygonians episode would have needed to make sure it doesn't cause me to let it motivate other people to go over twelve, I think that your discussion outline, but I'm sending this tonight because I think that a female role model, or if I recall correctly: once during the first time, to gain access to educational services, regardless of the paper in such a good idea in a different direction. Your thinking about it, then do come to section I was too harsh on some important issues and weaves them gracefully without losing the momentum of your own larger-scale course concerns and did a very small number of formatting and grammatical problems here—and you've written, which would have gotten this to make your own responses, OK?

ID #8 was The significance of ID #8 was The significance of ID #8 was The significance of the more likely he is currently better developed and more specifically. Pick a few students with whom I will do when you're in front of the stack anyway. Mooney. Again, I think that there's a chance to be about.

I'll hold you to push your paper topic and has a clear argumentative thread, and everything looks good to me/. You might look specifically at Bottle and Fishes; Clarinet and Bottle of Rum on a date, then there are some ways. You should quote from the paper as Beckett-focused, and coming up with a worn pick, OK? And what kind of plans for the final. If you want to go is also doing a very graceful sense of what handicaps they may set you up for discussion by email: Yes, there may be that your texts; it sounds like you already sent it quite a D for the recitation half of The Butcher Boy song on p. I think that that's quite comprehensive. You've both been very successful paper here, I think that your recitation plans by 10 a. Perhaps an interesting passage and gave what was overall an excellent delivery, and in section, but it's your job to engage other students were engaged and engaging, and to motivate the discussion keep going past ten minutes if it works for the compliments, and only being able to right; that we have seen here would be for you. Or am I now I? Think, too. You handled your material very effectively to larger themes remember that we do have one extensive monologue from someone who provides you with 94. Is Calculated in Excruciating Detail. Should I announce it to move forward and make sure that you're all scheduled for the text. And comes to find something that gets beaten into shape this is not a three-syllable metrical foot, accented-unaccented. The sound effects were also flexible and adaptable in terms of which is a mid-century, and to interrogate your historical sources with a grade by Friday, I can assess your recitation comes, make selections that allow people to discuss specific questions about this in your thesis what kind of love best qualifies as the source you're using it. I were at home or on campus at all about this in your thesis statement, but that a cynical and dangerous rhetoric has co-opted a historical document and audiovisual component. You picked a selection of an A in the romance meta-narrative arc, and it showed. The University of California does not include your bonus for attending section on the section website: Pre-1971 British and Irish literature in English department mail room South Hall 3421 as soon as possible. Although there's no overlap in terms of the text than to worry about whether it's a wonderful break, and I will not happen at this point. Did our conversation after section last week. Just let me know if Tuesday will work for you to leave your luggage to section or lecture, or at least one of the song recordings I posted to the course's large-ish A-for the quarter, and b an explicit statement about how you'll effectively fill time and managed to earn participation points. Shift p. This is based on whether or not. Let me try again.

To do for herself, or about a specific topic and take a look at the idols of the bird as intermediary between this world, on the midterm exam have been balanced a bit to warm up more abstract and general phrasing to which your UMail addresses are forwarded are rejecting messages. It's just that you have missed for purposes of this poem than I had better news for you. Because the only student who was genuinely responsive to early questions didn't get any positive feedback and I'll see you in section this quarter, you can point the other, and, all of which is vitally important to the stage, your deadline for you—I've marked some places.

You might productively cue off of his job, and/or 3. Lust generally involves invoking one or two specific parts of the text s, but because it would be to do so, in relation to your analysis needs to frame itself explicitly as could be a good job here. You were nimble on your paper is worth the same day as another person, and your presence in front of the room. At the same source. There has never met. I think that It was a nice plan here. This document has not scheduled to recite, and gave a thoughtful, perceptive, gracefully written essay here. Choose either of these would be a productive exercise I myself tend to read The Butcher Boy, you'd just need to reschedule—they will be to try to force yourself to dig in deeper and/or need to refer to your paper as a whole and contextualizing the novel very closely. She knew at once.

You've put it another way to know exactly what this paper to be careful to avoid sending my students for review purposes. You might also get you your grade by 4 p. Thanks for all students during the week preceding the section, but you're doing all right with this by dropping back into lecture mode if people don't immediately jump to where you'd like. I would avoid making a specific point, but also identifying the sources of the spreadsheet, because people who attend section all ten weeks this quarter: U2's Sunday Bloody Sunday. I think that finding ways to do is check GOLD for other section is cuing off of the Discussion Section Guidelines handout. Can you confirm she was excellent. Do you have an excellent reader, it will help your grade by Friday. —, Ulysses is a clever rhetorical move, and didn't support your effort to say that there are places where I wanted to meet me. Wikipedia article on Giorgione's/Sleeping Venus/, because the opportunity to see the world is ultimately up to the historical and cultural context of the play in this way, it feels like it passes differently when you're on to point your students, and perhaps by doing a very small number of fingers to let me know if you let me know what times you're free and we'll work something out that many people wanted to be as successful as it's written, I Had a Future. But you really have done something that is easy to forget when you're in front of the poem, and I really appreciate, by the beginning of next week, in part because it's so centrally concerned with Irish nationalism, I think that it is probably unnecessary, because I don't know that you've got a very very close reading exercise of your recitation tonight. Thanks. If you glance over at me periodically, I think that you make meaningful contributions in a flirtatious correspondence with a copy of your underlying assumptions. It took the midterm. On Raglan Road 6 p.

Another small note: the professor to ensure that you will quite likely to be taken as Irish are more relaxed and have it by 5 p. However, please come to section on 27 November On Samuel Beckett's Waiting for Godot/has been fun to have in class with respect. I'll take a more explicit invitations would have paid off a lot of ways that you pick up the appropriate number of things very well-selected material to think in the assignment write-up, if you study and think about delivery; you adapted to the exam is tomorrow at 10 p. However, one or more implicit assertions to support it.

643, and think about what is the case and I quite liked a lot of ways that multiple texts, writing an A on an analysis. You should read the assigned poems by Yeats assigned for each one. Any significant deviation from the play, that's fine provided that no one else in your case, I'd rather they did on the day that your score on the final and with the process of elimination is often accomplished associatively rather than simply being in front of the starling but I have also helped to have practiced a bit more carefully to be clear to you, and I think your plan to recite because I think that bringing one of Ulysses opened to the pound, but I also understand that it's taken me so long to get out of 500 total points for attending even if you really have done a solid job here. I have to make productive suggestions. So you can come up with something you like and are able to find that the professor topic is potentially profitable analytical path that you will have to drop a photocopy of that first draft I often do, because asking people whether they agree with you to reschedule, and next week. I think, but this is to think more specifically, you have a backup plan in case it's hard to get people to discuss the grade I gave for all of these is that eventually you'll want to discuss in only small ways, and you've remained fair to each other you give a recitation for 27 November discussion of your discussion, of course, in turn, based on your paper is often accomplished associatively rather than proving points by demolishing counterarguments, is holding a midterm to get people to discuss specific questions that are not allowed to run into two related problems. I'll be awake for a quarter.

Of course I'll still take it off at ten minutes with it, then let me know if you make in this, I think that you are nervous about possibly having accidentally leaked confidential information, but all in all other ways in which you are actually going and how that ties into the story as an undergraduate were in Chris's, since I don't fully know myself the professor is behind a bit more would have liked generally lost points for section attendance, not to say and interacted with the selection. All of which I think that this may be one of two categories. I'll see you tomorrow afternoon there are probably mandated by the time that you'll do a substantial portion of the audio or visual component of your discussion questions if they do. The Stare's Nest to the logical and narrative structure of the Aran Islands no photos, though as I said, were everywhere but operated independently and no one else does feeling.

Ultimately, I think that articulating your criteria in this matter and wanted to follow your analysis, not to shoot for ten minutes to complete a COMMA specialization, graduating seniors who need to do. You picked a very good work here, but consists of disconnected observations or other types of problems at different scales, and will use these two.

I think it will probably drag you up to your analysis, even though it would be to make progress toward graduation that satisfies the requirements out from hanging out her washing; changed done to set up in front of a videographer, though. Ultimately, why do we evaluate what Gertie wants and how would his readers have understood these attitudes when the hmm, he just shrugged instead of making a cognitive leap. Having to seek emergency medical treatment twice is a hard skill to develop a larger-scale details of the text in question and arguing a specific topic with sufficient depth or specificity. 9 or higher on the significance of this offer no one talking but you already know: you need to have wandered rather sometimes far afield from your own writing and polished work. All of these various types and weave them into a strongly motivated demonstration of relevance specific questions you want to go; it's just that you originally selected. Grammatical and usage errors, if you'd like. His Wife, and might be photos of the title and copyright pages because there's a complex task and fall into the A range for the English-language writer from Coleridge's time forward. /Truly unavoidable/, please feel free to fill out your own ideas. And you are, but I did to so I know my handwriting is hard-nosed about such things as you have the opportunity for you to talk. I think you're moving too quickly to pay more attention to micro-level interpretations of the text in question generally or always plays by the end of the show is that your paper. If you want to take so long to get an add code for that because the justice system has its hands tied by a group is, or make large-ish rooms available, that asking questions of gradually increasing abstraction. Alternately, you have nowhere to store your luggage to section I should prioritize crashers? Late papers are assigned based on your writing is also a nice touch, too, that there are a few spots open, so overall they haven't started it yet, but that it takes. Change to attendance policy: the paper assignment include a copy on the final! I'm glad you thought of it, and they also show that you're doing this. One option would be the most significant and depending on to something quite productive, because there are variations between individual Irishmen and-voice arrangement of the two or three blank ones but seem to have happen is that it looks like the Synge vocabulary quiz. I currently have a set of questions and letting the class and kicked the topic's rear end. Let me know ASAP remember that your citation page distinguish this. As it is your responsibility to ensure that you have to do so would be to spend more time will result in no section credit; missing more than once before, say, there may not have started reading McCabe yet if they're cuing off of his relationship with each other. You are absolutely capable of this as the major possibilities, you did a very good close reading of Yeats's September 1913, which I scribble notes about things forever, and what you're going nor do I necessarily agree with you will almost certainly a useful skill, too, about what I'm expecting it's a beautiful little gems throughout the novel.

This is a high bar for A papers. I'm wrong about how much you can make reading suggestions if you count days from a topic that's personally interesting and possibly very productive, because that will help your grade is calculated and I will take as long as to allow for a moment, points assigned for each one. Give us a touch, Poldy. Midterm review. Overall, I felt occasionally that the Churchill speech is also constantly thinking in his own thoughts on this. Etc. There were some retractions and pauses for recall and some people may get more than three sections, you still manage to engage critically with reliable historical sources with a judgment, and what does old Sull do; changed hell to heaven to hell; changed for to cause in for you. Thanks for the exam, is Molly in Ulysses and their relationship, but you really have done some very good plan going into the text.

I just finished grading the final. If you need me to refine your topic is potentially a very graceful job of engaging the class this quarter, I recall correctly, a fraction between zero and one days late 10 _3-length paper. You had said that was explained to the end of your skull with the final, you did warm up, but really, though, that was fair to ask why love seems so often to be wrong, but none of your choice related to each other with more concrete questions might have heard about. I'll see you next week: you had a chance to do it by then. Papers, Seventh Edition; there are several All in all other races?

You have a 91. I liked it. This may very well done! You did a good student this quarter, then you may hit that number this quarter, so it would have to pick out the issues involved in thinking about how Joyce portrays the sexual content of his lecture pace rather than an analysis of a great deal more during quarters when students aren't doing a number of students who'd been disengaged really took the midterm!

I will give him an F, having managed to introduce a large number of students—or if Gertie is generally not only keeps us on task, as I said in the position of protector from the second line of discussion and helped to make this offer to anyone else is planning substantial areas of your paper's structure often causes your very rare moments of suboptimal expression are rather nebulous. 5:00 and 12:00 section. To-morrow the hour of the more recent versions at all. Does that help? To be more impassioned delivery of the more likely it would be found online at or, if they could stand?

#Irish literature #automatically generated text #Patrick Mooney #Python #Markov chains

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marymosley · 5 years ago

Text

Concept of Humanitarian Forensics in Legal System

ABSTRACT – The term “forensic science” refers to a systematic & coherent study of traces to address the question of Authentication, Identification, Classification & Reconstruction. It can also be explained as the amalgamation of various branches of science and application of scientific methods & techniques to matters under investigation and present an opinion in the court of law.

But forensic science can have a humanitarian role as well. Humanitarian forensic action is the application of forensic science to humanitarian action. During conflicts, disasters, other situations of violence and consequences of migration there are victims of violence including deceased or missing individuals. A priority of forensic science in the humanitarian space is the respectable management of the deceased and the resolution of missing cases. The identification of the individuals in a priority as families has a right to know whereabouts and fate of their relatives and the deceased have a right to the restoration of their identity after death. When people die during any natural calamities or during migration as stated earlier, their corpses must be dealt with respect and with dignity; and the remains for an unidentified individual must be looked for, revering and identification. Humanitarian functions in a way that it includes these tasks, for which the expertise and proficiency of forensic science come into play.

INTRODUCTION- Since the 1980s, the detailed scientific knowledge and application of forensics for disinterring and identification of the deceased have been introduced in a wide-scale investigation. For instance, the Argentina team of Forensic Anthropology (EAAF, Equipo Argentino de Antropologia Forense) is one of the precursors in this field and is currently operational globally. Following the probe after the conflict of the Balkans, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) focused on the library of evidence for war crime trials. Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) is another example of usage of forensics in relation to humanitarian work, and they have a similar focus on the documentation and collection of evidence for judicial prosecution in the hopefulness of accountability and answerability for the human rights violations.

Regarding the deceased, humanitarian priorities should not be looked independently from the judicial aspects of international humanitarian, human rights, or criminal laws. The investigation in mass fatalities, whether they aim at the prosecution of perpetrators, the identification of the victims, or both, depends on the collection of the same type of related data [e.g. excavation data, biological profile (approximate age, gender, stature), pathology and trauma analyses, etc.]. The International Criminal Court (ICC) is using forensic professionals for field scrutiny as part of their court lawsuits. Then the connoisseur of the respective discipline may impart expert opinion or instruction to the court of law for trials of genocide, war crimes or any crime against humankind. The angle of approach (judicial versus humanitarian) will depend on the mandate of the corporation, and influences which disciplines and specialities of forensic sciences will be used in such operations.

Since 2003, the International Committee for the red cross (ICRC) have been actively functioning with the local authorities and forensic practitioners in order to construct standardized techniques and practices and to enhance communication & cooperation arrangement, for dealing with all aspects of forensic humanitarian demands. The neutrality, independence and impartiality of the ICRC assist its work in the forensic humanitarian deed which is grounded in International Humanitarian Law (IHL) and guided by humanitarian standards. Now active in more than 80 countries worldwide with a well-distinguished team (anthropologists, archaeologists, pathologist, odontologists, geneticists, etc), the forensic unit of ICRC helps in ensuring and making sure the smooth conduction of search and identification procedure.

The ICRC’s forensic provisions are revised to demands and establish a part of an integrated methodology to humanitarian action that looks into matter such as safety conditioning, lawful supervision, psychosocial sustenance, health care services, financial assistance, availability to potable water and apposite habitation, and lessening the humanitarian impact of weapon contamination. Let’s look deeper into some of the fields ICRC’s forensic expertise comes into play for legal aspect-

ARMED CONFLICT & WAR SURVIVORS- Under the guidance of international humanitarian act, the remnants of people who have deceased during armed disaccord must be moved with respect and needs to be properly managed. However, in a situation of dispute, it is often not likely to reacquire or decently manage the remnants of those who have succumbed to death, both inhabitants and soldiers. In many occasions, individuals have been detached from their peoples, have vanished or have expired without being recognized, and the whereabouts of their residues are unidentified. The survivor of the war may be reluctant to express anything about gone companion due to fear retaliation from the concerned authority. There is an increasing demand for forensic expertise, including ICRC, among State establishments and local practitioners, who need it to accomplish their commitments under humanitarian law with regards to managing dead bodies and the provision of reports and findings45 to bereaved families. Using a variety of forensic specialities – such as anthropology, archaeology, pathology, odontology (dental testing), trichology, forensic onychology and DNA analysis among the many other fields, the scientist tries to identify the unidentified.

CASE STUDY – In the Caucasus, the ICRC helps the families of missing persons in fulfilling their legal, economic and psychosocial needs. At the same time, the ICRC coordinates with the concerned authorities to encourage the obligatory forensic capacity and develop mechanisms in order to improve communication, collaboration and coordination between the involved personnel mandated to clarify the fate of missing persons.

DISASTERS – After a disaster, natural or man-made, the remains of the deceased must be assembled in a timely manner, properly managed and, ideally, recognized. This is vital the families and communities affected. When local infrastructure has disintegrated, it can be particularly challenging. The ICRC stipulates material aid, as well as guidance and training, to local authorities and first responders for these details. The training and advice provided by the ICRC enables first responders to collect and record information that will increase the likelihood of recognizing the dead.

CASE STUDY – In Nepal, the ICRC works with first-aiders, the Nepalese Red Cross and national authorities to enhance disaster response and develop sustainable capacity, including in the management of human remains.

MIGRATION – Migrants who perish along migratory routes often remain anonymous and the task of managing their remnants & establishing their identities can overwhelm local forensic facilities. The ICRC co-ordinates with local authorities and forensic practitioners in order to develop standardized techniques and protocols, and to advance communication and cooperation strategies, for dealing with this issue.

CASE STUDY – In Mexico, the ICRC and the Mexican Red Cross make arrangements for protection and assistance – basic medical services, access to basic amenities such as potable water and sanitation, and services for reuniting families – to migrants originating in or crossing through that country. The ICRC also functions with Mexico’s national medico-legal services to design domestic procedures and protocols to improve the whole process concerned with the management and identification & documentation of remains, including those of migrants, in order to assist answers to their families.

CONCLUSION – Humanitarian forensic offers us an endless variety of tools and expertise in order to locate, search and identify the unidentified. But the humanitarian forensic scientists don’t always succeed in their ventures. Sometimes their exploration never attains any conclusion or say reaches a dead end. The fate and place of those missing always remains a mystery, an unresolved case. People inspite having a name given by their loved one’s called anonymous. In the best-case scenario, though, the difficult & tedious work that these scientists do, brings closure to families so they can start mourning over their loss and gone peoples.

REFERENCES

https://www.futurelearn.com/courses/forensic-archaeology-and- anthropology/0/steps/67917

https://theconversation.com/amp/humaitarian-forensic-scientists-trace-the-missing-identify-the-dead-and-comfort-the-living-115623

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119482062

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31110447/

https://ift.tt/38hrnOM Humanitarian Forensic-IOSR Journal

Author – APARNA DUBEY

(Intern, Department of Forensic Science and Criminal Investigation, Legal Desire Media & Insights)

The post Concept of Humanitarian Forensics in Legal System appeared first on Legal Desire.

Concept of Humanitarian Forensics in Legal System published first on https://immigrationlawyerto.tumblr.com/

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christineamccalla · 6 years ago

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McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof involvements and attempts at supplanting the democratic systems and networks with totalitarian regimes, by McCalla, Christine Ann

From: McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof

To: Interpol and all variations thereof

Re: McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof involvements and attempts at supplanting the democratic systems and networks with totalitarian regimes

Date: January 31, 2018

On January 30, 2018, McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations were jeered OPENLY AND BY UNKNOWN PERSONS via amplifiers that she was stole a published authors credit, she was a thief, and that she was a prostitute. Additionally, other parties had joined in the melee including one party who had visited her shelter the night before in a party distributing items to the residents including cans of coke as well as makeups. Subsequent to the jeering of the stolen credit, one of the party, a male, joined in and continued to refer to McCalla as a prostitute. McCalla had only seen this person the night of the distribution. Additionally, numerous law enforcement agents began making allegations they have paid substantial sums to murder McCalla as they had been told McCalla had committed infringements and this made it easier to dispose of her as she is now corrupt. The infringement in question was committed by Christopher Brandmeir, doctoral professor of DBA 7000 DBA 7000 Doctoral Student Orientation at Columbia Southern University (CSU), the university at which McCalla is now completing her 8th day regarding Week 1’s assignment, a reflection paper. The infringement in question was the following reference presented by CSU’s syllabus for Week 1’s coursework, AL KHATIB, A. S. (2014). TIME MANAGEMENT AND ITS RELATION TO STUDENTS' STRESS, GENDER AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG SAMPLE OF STUDENTS AT AL AIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, UAE. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND SOCIAL RESEARCH, 4(5), 47–58. RETRIEVED FROM HTTPS://THEJOURNALOFBUSINESS.ORG/INDEX.PHP/SITE/ARTICLE/VIEW/498. Brandmeir corrected the reference to KHATIB, A. S. (2014). TIME MANAGEMENT AND ITS RELATION TO STUDENTS' STRESS, GENDER AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG SAMPLE OF STUDENTS AT AL AIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, UAE. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND SOCIAL RESEARCH, 4(5), 47-58. DOI: HTTP://DX.DOI.ORG/10.18533/IJBSR.V4I5.498. As a result, the middle east congregated including Syria, Israel, and other nations supporting the now disenfranchised Khatib who now has significant and substantial anticompetition and antitrust issues against him, in that a recognized and published author AL KHATIB, A. S. (2014), is now devoid of credit. Should opportunities and competition require that AL KHATIB, A. S. (2014) present proof of publishing intellectual products, Christopher Brandmeir, Doctor of Business Administration of Columbia Southern University has and facilitated TIME MANAGEMENT AND ITS RELATION TO STUDENTS' STRESS, GENDER AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT AMONG SAMPLE OF STUDENTS AT AL AIN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, UAE. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BUSINESS AND SOCIAL RESEARCH, 4(5), 47-58. DOI: HTTP://DX.DOI.ORG/10.18533/IJBSR.V4I5.498 as belonging to KHATIB, A. S. (2014). McCalla received communication including in the form of faculty feedback from Brandmeir her work was remedial, and her initial of 60.5% eventually changed to 0% with directions to rewrite her paper due February 12, 2018 with McCalla misinterpreting her communications from Integrity Specialist as being 0% penalty. McCalla intends to comply regardless. Furthermore, McCalla has filed numerous communications with Interpol and all variations thereof in this regard, including allegations of payments for rigged grading, allegations of illegal and nonenglish speaking immigrants grading her paper, and now McCalla is asserting that numerous students within the class allegedly paid for input as to how the papers were graded. This crime was subsequently escalated to allegations that McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations put democracy out of the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof, wherein she put the President out of office and put democracy out of the USA. This allegation also includes multiple nations including Venezuela, Israel, Arabia and other nations in which the USA was to become a totalitarian regime to the benefit of Arabs and other denizenry. The use of Brandmeir and CSU as a tool of use was a compensated event and extends to corporate including crimes of vice and other violent criminalities. These crimes violate statutes, 8 U.S. Code § 1442 - Alien enemies, 8 USCS § 1155 § 1155. Revocation of approval of petitions; effective date, 8 USCS § 1202 § 1202. Application for visas, 8 USCS § 1751 § 1751. Study of the feasibility of a North American National Security Program, 8 USCS § 1772 § 1772. International cooperation, 8 USCS § 1778 § 1778. Vulnerability and threat assessment, 15 U.S. Code § 1 - Trusts, etc., in restraint of trade illegal; penalty, 15 USCS § 2, § 2. Monopolization; penalty, 15 USCS § 6a, § 6a. Conduct involving trade or commerce with foreign nations, 15 USCS § 15, § 15. Suits by persons injured, 15 USCS § 1536 § 1536. Fraudulent use of Made in America labels prohibited, 17 U.S. Code § 1201 - Circumvention of copyright protection systems, 17 USCS § 201 § 201. Ownership of copyright, 17 USCS § 202 § 202. Ownership of copyright as distinct from ownership of material object, 17 USCS § 204 § 204. Execution of transfers of copyright ownership, 17 USCS § 1201 § 1201. Circumvention of copyright protection systems, 17 USCS § 1301 § 1301. Designs protected, 17 USCS § 1309 § 1309. Infringement protected designs, 18 U.S. Code § 521 - Criminal street gangs, 18 USCS § 201 § 201. Bribery of public officials and witnesses , 18 USCS § 229 § 229. Prohibited activities, 18 USCS § 1545 § 1545. Safe conduct violation, 18 USCS § 1962 prohibited activities, 18 USCS § 2101 § 2101. Riots, 19 CFR 205.6 - Investigations under section 301(e)(3) of the Trade Act of 1974, U.S. Constitution 19th Amendment as well as the the US Constitution as a whole, 20 U.S. Code § 3401 - Congressional findings, 28 USCS § 1407 § 1407. Multidistrict litigation, 28 USCS § 1602 § 1602. Findings and declaration of purpose, 28 USCS § 1654 § 1654. Appearance personally or by counsel, 29 CFR 18.87 § 18.87 Standards of conduct, 32 CFR 935.69 - Qualifications and admission to practice, 34 U.S. Code § 50101 - Application for assistance, 34 USCS prec § 10101 Preceding § 10101, 42 USCS § 1981, § 1981. Equal rights under the law, 42 USCS § 2000a-5 § 2000a-5. Civil actions by the Attorney General, 42 USCS § 11360 § 11360. Definitions, 42 USCS § 11381 § 11381. Purposes, 50 U.S. Code War and Defense, 50 USCS § 23 § 23. Jurisdiction of United States courts and judges, Act of state doctrine, Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions, Geneva Conventions, 50 U.S. Code Chapter 4 - ESPIONAGE, Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters, de facto officer doctrine, economic duress, Fruit of the Poisonous Tree doctrine, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Letter of marque and reprisal, Parens patriae, Respondeat superior, Rules for Judicial-Conduct and Judicial-Disability Proceedings, The Constitution of the United States of America, Title of Nobility Clause / emoluments clause, United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods, USCS Const. Art. II, § 4 Sec. 4. Removal from office, 5 USCS § 101 § 101. Executive departments, 20 USCS § 3401 § 3401. Congressional findings, 28 USCS § 632 § 632. Character of service, Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, 4 USCS § 102 § 102. Same; by whom administered, and 5 USCS § 306 § 306. Agency strategic plans, 2 U.S. Code § 1601 - Findings, 2 U.S. Code Chapter 8 - FEDERAL CORRUPT PRACTICES, 3 U.S. Code § 302 - Scope of delegation of functions, 3 U.S. Code § 302 - Scope of delegation of functions, TITLE 6 - DOMESTIC SECURITY, TITLE 8 - ALIENS AND NATIONALITY, TITLE 4 - FLAG AND SEAL, SEAT OF GOVERNMENT, AND THE STATES, TITLE 11 - BANKRUPTCY, TITLE 15 - COMMERCE AND TRADE, TITLE 17 - COPYRIGHTS, TITLE 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE, TITLE 20 - EDUCATION, TITLE 22 - FOREIGN RELATIONS AND INTERCOURSE, TITLE 26 - INTERNAL REVENUE CODE, TITLE 28 - JUDICIARY AND JUDICIAL PROCEDURE, TITLE 34 - CRIME CONTROL AND LAW ENFORCEMENT, TITLE 35 - PATENTS, TITLE 36 - PATRIOTIC AND NATIONAL OBSERVANCES, CEREMONIES, AND ORGANIZATIONS, TITLE 41 - PUBLIC CONTRACTS, TITLE 42 - THE PUBLIC HEALTH AND WELFARE, TITLE 47 - TELECOMMUNICATIONS, TITLE 48 - TERRITORIES AND INSULAR POSSESSIONS, TITLE 50 - WAR AND NATIONAL DEFENSE, and TITLE 52 - VOTING AND ELECTIONS, set eternally, transferable and attached, et al.

Furthermore, there are now allegations of McCalla being a moocher and wanting to live for nothing although it was alleged the US government whom McCalla has sued and re-sued for the infringement of her education Master of Business Administration, Master of Science, Financial Management and Information Systems, Bachelor of Science, Accounting, and Associate’s degree, Business Administration. Also infringed upon are McCalla’s vocational training Certified Business Management Expert, Certified Associate Human Resource, Certified Business Development Expert, Introduction to Paralegal Studies, Wow, What A Great Event, and High Speed Project Management. Furthermore, McCalla’s resume` has modified and sold to numerous persons in need of skills development and devoid of experience to complete an application. The government including Department of Education, Department of Defense and Meridian and associates (whom it is alleged Brandmeir is associated with), Department of Commerce, Department of Justice including DEA and CIA, Department of Health and Human Services, Department of Health, Department of Energy, the US Congress, Various State senates, US Senate, and other member of the US Cabinet, their associates and affiliates, have accused McCalla of selling her extensive credentials for public / government assistance including food stamps, section 8 housing and a job. Also included were demands by the Cabinet for mass prostitution to obtain jobs for them and their international affiliations including CDC where McCalla was expect to “fuck if she ever wanted anything or to get a job”. There were also allegations of which McCalla sued for Department of Defense’s allegations of “intimidation of the United States of America”. It is also alleged that McCalla must prostitute with the US Cabinet including President Obama for documents validating her claim to the title of Barony. McCalla was intimidated by the Department of Education and its associates and affiliates including Northcentral University in which her stipends used to keep away her substantial impoverishment given her equal accolades and accomplishments seemed best kept for the use of domestic servitude / domestic servants often referred to as walking about in their platform shoes, pointing to them saying this is my MBA and this my CPA. Furthermore, alleged people have appeared in wedding dresses using the name McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations for job interviews, job prospects, sales prospects, international venues including embassies, secure vaults including allegations of Interpol and banks. Now the new jeers are in regards to the sacrifice made by the US denizenry as trade to acquire the US Presidency. It is also alleged that the sale of the democracy was for money as well as rescue and refuge by a new president. There has also been substantial torture to McCalla including the use of her vocal tones to announce / as gospel porn where her voice is used in the throes of ecstacy, where lights and other weapons of mass destruction are turned on her as spectacle and weapons testing. There were also direct altercations with arabs in Pennsylvania where she threatened with gang warfare, to be toxed, gassed, stabbed, put to sleep and murdered as she was homeless and slept in bus stops, metro stations, homeless day programs, and parks. There were altercations where it appeared persons standing with / in portals, threatened to bomb McCalla. McCalla said “tic, tic, tic” and there were extremely loud roars and serpentine creatures resembling anacondas appeared destroying the community the person was in. There were also the allegations of Northcentral University and their personnel including Boche, Hamernick, and others who paid for McCalla’s homeless through the use of promiscuity through orgies as well as accused her of giving them AIDS/HIV and of McCalla having syphilis. There were also allegations of these personnel threatening to pay to put McCalla out of the shelters in which she resided as well as put people to harass McCalla including an alleged reknown suicide bomber who ended speaking publicly and in front of unknown number of persons to kill McCalla, who was sleeping at Rockville metro station at the time being homeless. McCalla was also alleged “bombed by a bomber while being at Montgomery College” who sat at a workstation next her. McCalla acknowledges observing some sort of colored smoke / fume and McCalla said, this is the bomb. I must cough on it, and she coughed. It changed shaped to some round wire-like device that was white and remained on McCalla’s workstation. The alleged bomber left with this object on her rolling briefcase, clipped on pen-like. McCalla left unharmed. There was also the entice grant of $2000 for which McCalla has not qualified due to her late entrance for which McCalla eventual placing some lien or forced garnishment to the IRS to collect resulting in her stipends being raised from approximately $132 to $281, and alleged threats to reduce to $11 as McCalla is impoverished and without the stipends she must be forced to prostitute. There was also the allegations and constant references to McCalla’s abortion paid for 23 year ago by her enrollment specialist Adam who would have been alleged 7 years old at the time. It is also alleged that McCalla’s patent list was released internationally resulting in an encounter in which a Pennsylvania officer told McCalla, homeless and spending time at the metro for warmth, get outta here, get outta here. McCalla fled Pennsylvania immediately via Greyhound to Cleveland, where she fell asleep in a mall and was told by security to officer to leave. It is alleged at the time this was because McCalla is a white supremacist, she believed in white people, and wanted people everywhere. McCalla was shown some imagery she believes to be weaponry technology, a man arriving with a car opening his arms to her. McCalla became inflamed and thought if ever such a person should approach her, she would beat him. This was never her reality. It was later alleged that this action paid for by US alien enemies and illegal immigrants. Furthermore allegations by the East and African nations of prostitution and paying for her education. There are also new allegations of McCalla’s education consisting of honorary degrees. Now it seems McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof is being blamed and held responsible for the failures of aspiration of the US presidency given she has filed for writ through Interpol in which criminals, illegal, the illiterate, the uneducation, and uncredentialed cannot ascend the presidency or other public office. McCalla has also filed for writ in which treason to the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof is punishable by death and separation by writ to United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof and her accomplishments, in some case including government assistance and benefits. Furthermore, McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof has filed the writ of mandamus, for investments in the middle east to prevent violence, erosion of the economy, violation of economic sanctity and national security, the establishment of embargos and bans to middle eastern nations, filed numerous writs of intellectual property portfolio including establishing United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof governance infrastructure including the establishment of treasuries and treasuries mechanisms including the certificate of divestiture, receiverships to the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof, Syria, Kuwait, and Egypt, prevention of the change of curricula within the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof and her academic systems including the age of entry for primary education, for prevention of sale of the United States of America in her democracy and all variations as a whole or fractions thereof through statute 48 USCS § 1489 § 1489. Loss of title of United States to lands in territories through adverse possession or prescription forbidden, and for deployment of artificial intelligence as a law enforcement measure within the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof, Europe, Middle East, and Africa by priority level. There seems to be a general lack of appreciation for the legitimately acquired education of McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof, her talents and skills, her ability to retain ownership of her name as a brand and intellectual property portfolio which she can now explain with Brandmeir’s email dated SATURDAY, JANUARY 27, 2018, 2:23:23 PM CST, THE WORK IS NOT WHOLLY COPYRIGHTED WHEN YOU SUBMIT IT TO THE PROFESSOR FOR GRADING AND REVIEW. The problem is I am doctoral student with a total of 15 credit hours previously in a program where 54-57 hours were required for conferral, Northcentral. I ejected from the university due to demand Hamernick’s demand to enroll with private funds alleged approved by Department of Education with FAFSA approved student loan availability of approximately $42,000. This ejected resulted in filings to Interpol of proof of ejection, proof of university’s uncorporation including denial of completion of credit (Statistics I) resulting in copyrighting by student. Based on the comments made by Kouassi, current professor, James Ready, Brandmeir, and Julianne Klein, I possess substantial deficiencies and have no chance of making it through the program. The most I can do is complete semester 2. Her prediction may be right if Brandmeir has not managed to murder with his deposition of the democracy of the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof and his gifts of / deprivation of intellectual credit of middle eastern published authors. Remains to be seen, set eternally, transferable and attached, et al.

USCS Const. Art. II, § 4 Sec. 4. Removal from office was the statute used to remove former President Trump from office filed through https://www.interpol.int/Forms/Contact_INTERPOL previously without any further personal intervention by McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof, set eternally, transferable and attached, et al.

As a result of the deposition of the democracy of the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof, facts must be made public. Those creating these implications are illegal immigrants and alien enemies, engaging in hostile alien enterprises including infringement, murder, impersonations, fraudulent and force incarcerations including those of a physical and mental hygiene nature, slavery, slave trading, and human trafficking. Furthermore, had their public service record been stellar and engaging, another person’s life, mine - McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof, would not be so easily subject to slandery, emoluments, infringements including that of an intellectual property nature, and murder. McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof has been denied in truth, all appearance, and in fact, her rights, in entirety, and including as described by The International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights as, Part I. Article 1. 1. All peoples have the right of self-determination. By virtue of that right they freely determine their political status and freely pursue their economic, social and cultural development. 2. All peoples may, for their own ends, freely dispose of their natural wealth and resources without prejudice to any obligations arising out of international economic co-operation, based upon the principle of mutual benefit, and international law. In no case may a people be deprived of its own means of subsistence. 3. The States Parties to the present Covenant, including those having responsibility for the administration of Non-Self-Governing and Trust Territories, shall promote the realization of the right of self-determination, and shall respect that right, in conformity with the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations. Part II. Article 2. 1. Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to respect and to ensure to all individuals within its territory and subject to its jurisdiction the rights recognized in the present Covenant, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. 2. Where not already provided for by existing legislative or other measures, each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes to take the necessary steps, in accordance with its constitutional processes and with the provisions of the present Covenant, to adopt such laws or other measures as may be necessary to give effect to the rights recognized in the present Covenant. 3. Each State Party to the present Covenant undertakes: (a) To ensure that any person whose rights or freedoms as herein recognized are violated shall have an effective remedy, notwithstanding that the violation has been committed by persons acting in an official capacity; (b) To ensure that any person claiming such a remedy shall have his right thereto determined by competent judicial, administrative or legislative authorities, or by any other competent authority provided for by the legal system of the State, and to develop the possibilities of judicial remedy; (c) To ensure that the competent authorities shall enforce such remedies when granted. Article 3. The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to ensure the equal right of men and women to the enjoyment of all civil and political rights set forth in the present Covenant. Article 4. 1. In time of public emergency which threatens the life of the nation and the existence of which is officially proclaimed, the States Parties to the present Covenant may take measures derogating from their obligations under the present Covenant to the extent strictly required by the exigencies of the situation, provided that such measures are not inconsistent with their other obligations under international law and do not involve discrimination solely on the ground of race, colour, sex, language, religion or social origin. 2. No derogation from articles 6, 7, 8 (paragraphs 1 and 2), 11, 15, 16 and 18 may be made under this provision. 3. Any State Party to the present Covenant availing itself of the right of derogation shall immediately inform the other States Parties to the present Covenant, through the intermediary of the Secretary-General of the United Nations, of the provisions from which it has derogated and of the reasons by which it was actuated. A further communication shall be made, through the same intermediary, on the date on which it terminates such derogation. Article 5. 1. Nothing in the present Covenant may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms recognized herein or at their limitation to a greater extent than is provided for in the present Covenant. 2. There shall be no restriction upon or derogation from any of the fundamental human rights recognized or existing in any State Party to the present Covenant pursuant to law, conventions, regulations or custom on the pretext that the present Covenant does not recognize such rights or that it recognizes them to a lesser extent. Part III. Article 6. 1. Every human being has the inherent right to life. This right shall be protected by law. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life. 2. In countries which have not abolished the death penalty, sentence of death may be imposed only for the most serious crimes in accordance with the law in force at the time of the commission of the crime and not contrary to the provisions of the present Covenant and to the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. This penalty can only be carried out pursuant to a final judgement rendered by a competent court. 4. Anyone sentenced to death shall have the right to seek pardon or commutation of the sentence. Amnesty, pardon or commutation of the sentence of death may be granted in all cases. 5. Sentence of death shall not be imposed for crimes committed by persons below eighteen years of age and shall not be carried out on pregnant women. 6. Nothing in this article shall be invoked to delay or to prevent the abolition of capital punishment by any State Party to the present Covenant. Article 7. No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment. In particular, no one shall be subjected without his free consent to medical or scientific experimentation. Article 8. 1. No one shall be held in slavery; slavery and the slave-trade in all their forms shall be prohibited. 2. No one shall be held in servitude. 3. (a) No one shall be required to perform forced or compulsory labour; (b) Paragraph 3 (a) shall not be held to preclude, in countries where imprisonment with hard labour may be imposed as a punishment for a crime, the performance of hard labour in pursuance of a sentence to such punishment by a competent court; (c) For the purpose of this paragraph the term "forced or compulsory labour" shall not include: (i) Any work or service, not referred to in subparagraph (b), normally required of a person who is under detention in consequence of a lawful order of a court, or of a person during conditional release from such detention; (ii) Any service of a military character and, in countries where conscientious objection is recognized, any national service required by law of conscientious objectors; (iii) Any service exacted in cases of emergency or calamity threatening the life or well-being of the community; (iv) Any work or service which forms part of normal civil obligations. Article 9. 1. Everyone has the right to liberty and security of person. No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest or detention. No one shall be deprived of his liberty except on such grounds and in accordance with such procedure as are established by law. 2. Anyone who is arrested shall be informed, at the time of arrest, of the reasons for his arrest and shall be promptly informed of any charges against him. 3. Anyone arrested or detained on a criminal charge shall be brought promptly before a judge or other officer authorized by law to exercise judicial power and shall be entitled to trial within a reasonable time or to release. It shall not be the general rule that persons awaiting trial shall be detained in custody, but release may be subject to guarantees to appear for trial, at any other stage of the judicial proceedings, and, should occasion arise, for execution of the judgement. 4. Anyone who is deprived of his liberty by arrest or detention shall be entitled to take proceedings before a court, in order that court may decide without delay on the lawfulness of his detention and order his release if the detention is not lawful. 5. Anyone who has been the victim of unlawful arrest or detention shall have an enforceable right to compensation. Article 10. 1. All persons deprived of their liberty shall be treated with humanity and with respect for the inherent dignity of the human person. 2. (a) Accused persons shall, save in exceptional circumstances, be segregated from convicted persons and shall be subject to separate treatment appropriate to their status as unconvicted persons; (b) Accused juvenile persons shall be separated from adults and brought as speedily as possible for adjudication. 3. The penitentiary system shall comprise treatment of prisoners the essential aim of which shall be their reformation and social rehabilitation. Juvenile offenders shall be segregated from adults and be accorded treatment appropriate to their age and legal status. Article 11. No one shall be imprisoned merely on the ground of inability to fulfil a contractual obligation. Article 12. 1. Everyone lawfully within the territory of a State shall, within that territory, have the right to liberty of movement and freedom to choose his residence. 2. Everyone shall be free to leave any country, including his own. 3. The above-mentioned rights shall not be subject to any restrictions except those which are provided by law, are necessary to protect national security, public order (ordre public), public health or morals or the rights and freedoms of others, and are consistent with the other rights recognized in the present Covenant. 4. No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of the right to enter his own country. Article 13. Article 13. An alien lawfully in the territory of a State Party to the present Covenant may be expelled therefrom only in pursuance of a decision reached in accordance with law and shall, except where compelling reasons of national security otherwise require, be allowed to submit the reasons against his expulsion and to have his case reviewed by, and be represented for the purpose before, the competent authority or a person or persons especially designated by the competent authority. Article 14. 1. All persons shall be equal before the courts and tribunals. In the determination of any criminal charge against him, or of his rights and obligations in a suit at law, everyone shall be entitled to a fair and public hearing by a competent, independent and impartial tribunal established by law. The press and the public may be excluded from all or part of a trial for reasons of morals, public order (ordre public) or national security in a democratic society, or when the interest of the private lives of the parties so requires, or to the extent strictly necessary in the opinion of the court in special circumstances where publicity would prejudice the interests of justice; but any judgement rendered in a criminal case or in a suit at law shall be made public except where the interest of juvenile persons otherwise requires or the proceedings concern matrimonial disputes or the guardianship of children. 2. Everyone charged with a criminal offence shall have the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law. 3. In the determination of any criminal charge against him, everyone shall be entitled to the following minimum guarantees, in full equality: (a) To be informed promptly and in detail in a language which he understands of the nature and cause of the charge against him; (b) To have adequate time and facilities for the preparation of his defence and to communicate with counsel of his own choosing; (c) To be tried without undue delay; (d) To be tried in his presence, and to defend himself in person or through legal assistance of his own choosing; to be informed, if he does not have legal assistance, of this right; and to have legal assistance assigned to him, in any case where the interests of justice so require, and without payment by him in any such case if he does not have sufficient means to pay for it; (e) To examine, or have examined, the witnesses against him and to obtain the attendance and examination of witnesses on his behalf under the same conditions as witnesses against him; (f) To have the free assistance of an interpreter if he cannot understand or speak the language used in court; (g) Not to be compelled to testify against himself or to confess guilt. 4. In the case of juvenile persons, the procedure shall be such as will take account of their age and the desirability of promoting their rehabilitation. 5. Everyone convicted of a crime shall have the right to his conviction and sentence being reviewed by a higher tribunal according to law. 6. When a person has by a final decision been convicted of a criminal offence and when subsequently his conviction has been reversed or he has been pardoned on the ground that a new or newly discovered fact shows conclusively that there has been a miscarriage of justice, the person who has suffered punishment as a result of such conviction shall be compensated according to law, unless it is proved that the non-disclosure of the unknown fact in time is wholly or partly attributable to him. 7. No one shall be liable to be tried or punished again for an offence for which he has already been finally convicted or acquitted in accordance with the law and penal procedure of each country. Article 15. 1. No one shall be held guilty of any criminal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a criminal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time when the criminal offence was committed. If, subsequent to the commission of the offence, provision is made by law for the imposition of the lighter penalty, the offender shall benefit thereby. 2. Nothing in this article shall prejudice the trial and punishment of any person for any act or omission which, at the time when it was committed, was criminal according to the general principles of law recognized by the community of nations. Article 16. Everyone shall have the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law. Article 17. 1. No one shall be subjected to arbitrary or unlawful interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to unlawful attacks on his honour and reputation. 2. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks. Article 18. 1. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This right shall include freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice, and freedom, either individually or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in worship, observance, practice and teaching. 2. No one shall be subject to coercion which would impair his freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice. 3. Freedom to manifest one's religion or beliefs may be subject only to such limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary to protect public safety, order, health, or morals or the fundamental rights and freedoms of others. 4. The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to have respect for the liberty of parents and, when applicable, legal guardians to ensure the religious and moral education of their children in conformity with their own convictions. Article 19. 1. Everyone shall have the right to hold opinions without interference. 2. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of expression; this right shall include freedom to seek, receive and impart information and ideas of all kinds, regardless of frontiers, either orally, in writing or in print, in the form of art, or through any other media of his choice. 3. The exercise of the rights provided for in paragraph 2 of this article carries with it special duties and responsibilities. It may therefore be subject to certain restrictions, but these shall only be such as are provided by law and are necessary: (a) For respect of the rights or reputations of others; (b) For the protection of national security or of public order (ordre public), or of public health or morals. Article 20. 1. Any propaganda for war shall be prohibited by law. 2. Any advocacy of national, racial or religious hatred that constitutes incitement to discrimination, hostility or violence shall be prohibited by law. Article 21. The right of peaceful assembly shall be recognized. No restrictions may be placed on the exercise of this right other than those imposed in conformity with the law and which are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security or public safety, public order (ordre public), the protection of public health or morals or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others. Article 22. 1. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of association with others, including the right to form and join trade unions for the protection of his interests. 2. No restrictions may be placed on the exercise of this right other than those which are prescribed by law and which are necessary in a democratic society in the interests of national security or public safety, public order (ordre public), the protection of public health or morals or the protection of the rights and freedoms of others. This article shall not prevent the imposition of lawful restrictions on members of the armed forces and of the police in their exercise of this right. 3. Nothing in this article shall authorize States Parties to the International Labour Organization Convention of 1948 concerning Freedom of Association and Protection of the Right to Organize to take legislative measures which would prejudice, or to apply the law in such a manner as to prejudice, the guarantees provided for in that Convention. Article 23. 1. The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State. 2. The right of men and women of marriageable age to marry and to found a family shall be recognized. 3. No marriage shall be entered into without the free and full consent of the intending spouses. 4. States Parties to the present Covenant shall take appropriate steps to ensure equality of rights and responsibilities of spouses as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution. In the case of dissolution, provision shall be made for the necessary protection of any children. Article 24. 1. Every child shall have, without any discrimination as to race, colour, sex, language, religion, national or social origin, property or birth, the right to such measures of protection as are required by his status as a minor, on the part of his family, society and the State. 2. Every child shall be registered immediately after birth and shall have a name. 3. Every child has the right to acquire a nationality. Article 25. Every citizen shall have the right and the opportunity, without any of the distinctions mentioned in article 2 and without unreasonable restrictions: (a) To take part in the conduct of public affairs, directly or through freely chosen representatives; (b) To vote and to be elected at genuine periodic elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret ballot, guaranteeing the free expression of the will of the electors; (c) To have access, on general terms of equality, to public service in his country. Article 26. All persons are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to the equal protection of the law. In this respect, the law shall prohibit any discrimination and guarantee to all persons equal and effective protection against discrimination on any ground such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Article 27. In those States in which ethnic, religious or linguistic minorities exist, persons belonging to such minorities shall not be denied the right, in community with the other members of their group, to enjoy their own culture, to profess and practice their own religion, or to use their own language. Part V. Article 46. Nothing in the present Covenant shall be interpreted as impairing the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations and of the constitutions of the specialized agencies which define the respective responsibilities of the various organs of the United Nations and of the specialized agencies in regard to the matters dealt with in the present Covenant, set eternally, transferable and attached, et al. Article 47. Nothing in the present Covenant shall be interpreted as impairing the inherent right of all peoples to enjoy and utilize fully and freely their natural wealth and resources, set eternally, transferable and attached, et al.

Writ of discovery, full disclosure, and transparency in regards to the personnel and parties alleging McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof of deposing the democracy of the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof, or running / seeking election of the Presidency or other public office of the governance / government of the United States of America in her democracy and all variations thereof, infringing upon McCalla, Christine Ann and all variations thereof’s life, safety, welfare, credentials, accomplishments, accolades, and judicial, judiciary, and legislative records and actions, based on the violations of the statutes as presented, set eternally, transferable and attached, et al

Writ of mandate and mandated preservation, implementation, and execution of the rights of all denizenry, including illegal alien, alien enemy, hostile alien enterprise, in an international capacity and as set forth judicially, judiciarily, and legislatively, including in entirety, International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and all variants and variations thereof, USCS Jud. Con. And Disab. Proc. 5 and all variants and variations thereof, United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods and all variants and variations thereof, Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and all variants and variations thereof, 10 USCS § 401 § 401. Humanitarian and civic assistance provided in conjunction with military operations and all variants and variations thereof, 50 USCS § 82 § 82. Procurement of ships and material during war and all variants and variations thereof, Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions and all variants and variations thereof, Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide and all variants and variations thereof, Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 / War Powers Clause and all variants and variations, Convention on the Service Abroad of Judicial and Extrajudicial Documents in Civil or Commercial Matters and all variants and variations thereof, Fruit of the Poisonous Tree doctrine and all variants and variations thereof, letter of marque and reprisal / lettre de marque / lettre de course and all variants and variations thereof, set eternally, transferable and attached, et al.

0 notes

rightsinexile · 6 years ago

Text

Letters to the editor

Dear Friends and Colleagues,

On Saturday 27 April 2019, Refugee Law Project (RLP) joined the citizens of the Netherlands living in Uganda and elsewhere in celebrating King's Day. This important national holiday in the Netherlands marks the birth in 1885 of King Willem-Alexander Claus George Ferdinand, the son of Queen Beatrix. At that time, liberals in the Government of the Kingdom were searching for means of promoting national unity. The event is thus organised as an opportunity for patriotic celebration and national reconciliation, and as a reminder of the Government's historical commitment to reconciliation and sustainable peace in the Netherlands and world-over - a commitment that has since been seen in Kingdom's support to Uganda on the rule of law and other peace promoting activities.

To mark this special occasion the Government of the Netherlands allows for vrijmarkt (free market) - the only day of the year that street sales are permitted without payment of value added tax (VAT). There are also a series of public festivities, and the monarch honours Dutch citizens who have given outstanding service to the Netherlands.

As we join the celebration of this special day, and as a beneficiary of generous funding from the Kingdom's Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) through the Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Uganda, we take this opportunity to express our gratitude to the Ambassador of the Kingdom of the Netherlands in Uganda, H.E. Henk Jan Bakker and to the entire team for their support to refugees and host communities in Uganda, particularly to the refugees and host communities in northern Uganda.

During the Refugee Solidarity Summit organised in Uganda in 2017 by the President of the Republic of Uganda, H.E Yoweri Kaguta Museveni and the UN Secretary General Antonio Gutierres, a concerted effort to show solidarity to the refugees and refugee management regime of Uganda, and to generate momentum for financial support to the refugee response, the H.E. Henk Jan Bakker, Netherlands Ambassador to Uganda, pledged the Kingdom's financial support to strengthen refugee-host relations in northern Uganda.

As a human rights-based organisation, and as a leading Centre for Justice and Forced Migrants, we are pleased to report that this commitment included support to a project titled 'Securing Refugee-Host Relations in Northern Uganda through Enhanced Protection', with five interlinked objectives; 1) to build the capacity of Uganda Police Force and other Rule of Law Stakeholders (Immigration, Uganda Prison Service, UPDF, Magistrates) and other local leaders to ensure that they have both the technical and social knowledge and skills to interact effectively with complex refugee communities and to mediate between host and refugees, 2) to build the confidence and self-reliance capacity of South Sudanese refugees through addressing profound harms experienced in the country of origin and in flight to Uganda, 3) to empower refugees to speak for themselves and to be able to engage in full dialogue with hosts, police and other authority structures, 4) to engage host communities in reversing the impacts of sudden overpopulation and resultant environmental degradation, and 5) to conduct regional and international advocacy on refugee issues in Uganda. In the pursuit of the above, and since September 2017, and we have vigorously supported the Dutch Government's commitment as pledged during the Refugee Solidarity Summit.

Rule of law

Through this project, we procured equipment to facilitate the operation of Uganda Police Force in in Adjumani and Lamwo districts. Herein, we acquired 2 double cabin pick-ups and 4 motorcycles for Uganda Police Force (1 pick-up and 2 motorcycles each for Adjumani and Lamwo district).

For those who have followed closely our intervention, you will agree that the support to the Uganda Police Force through donation of automobiles to ease the operation of the uniformed forces has gone a long way is strengthening security through facilitating timely responses whenever police is required to apprehend suspects, conduct community policing, and respond to security concerns of both refugees and host communities especially in the districts of Lamwo and Adjumani.

Relatedly, it doesn't require any exploratory study to sympathise with police officers' accommodation facilities in especially far and hard-to-reach rural areas of Uganda. Through this project, we are constructing modest accommodation facilities for police offices in Lamwo and Adjumani districts as a move to ensure that police officers lead decent lives and that their conditions of work and welfare are improved. While this support cannot address the extensive operational needs of uniformed personnel including police, prisons, immigration, and UPDF, it nonetheless significantly contributes to changing this bigger picture.

Besides the hardware, we have trained 225 police instructors at the National Police Training School in Kabalye and 192 police officers drawn from various police posts and stations from Adjumani, Kiryandongo, and Lamwo on refugee rights and protection. All the trainings are guided by our first ever training manual and user guide on refugee rights and protection designed, printed, and disseminated with support of the grant.

Using the same Curriculum and User Guide, we have trained 25 judicial officers, 40 community interpreters, 28 border point immigration officers, 100 prison officers, 60 UPDF officers, 106 Refugee Welfare Committee leaders and Local Councillors, 59 health workers. An additional 76 medical students (from Gulu University) and 43 paralegals were trained on refugee rights and protection, and how to promote peaceful co-existence between refugees and hosts.

Besides the training, we have, through the funding support, promoted the rule of law through direct court representation (benefiting 323 refugees and hosts), 98 mediation (Alternative Disputes Resolutions) sessions, legal advice to 151 refugees and hosts, 48 visits to detention places (36 to police posts and stations, and 12 to prisons) reaching and supporting 944 refugees and hosts.

We have also promoted people's access to consolidation of basic livelihoods as well as access to and uptake of services through equipping refugees and host communities through our English for Adults (EFA) programme vigorously implemented using an internally designed 5-level 'Speak Your Rights' curriculum.

Addressing profound harms

Most of the districts in northern Uganda that host refugees are also districts recovering from decades-long destructive armed conflicts. Between refugees and hosts therefore, there are thousands of individuals, households and communities still struggling with legacies of conflicts, including profound physical, psychological, psychosocial, psycho-sexual, and political impacts.

Addressing such harms is a herculean but necessary task if we are to arrive at peaceful and self-reliant communities. People living with profound and untreated war-related injuries need professional and inclusive physical, psychological, psychosocial, and psychosexual support so as to recover and lead dignified lives and to be in a position to proactively engage in government's developmental programmes encapsulated in the Uganda's Vision 2040, and other regional, continental and international programmes including Africa's Vision 2063 and the Global Sustainable Agendas. Understanding such barriers to effective realisation of government programmes and other development agendas requires detailed and deliberate mapping of members of refugee and host communities surviving physical and war-related challenges which exclude them from constructive engagements.

Through the project, we screened 4,316 refugees and hosts, out of whom 1,054 (58 percent females, 41 percent males, and 1 percent sexual and gender non-conforming persons) subsequently received rehabilitation support. Beneficiaries were those with injuries sustained during conflicts, refugees who had experienced harms during the wars and transit to country of asylum, or for host communities whose injuries were sustained during various armed conflicts, including the LRA war in northern Uganda.

Refugee-host voices

We believe that whereas a lot has been to change lives positively, government of Uganda together with humanitarian and development actors need further robust actions to empower youths from refugee and host communities to increase opportunities for livelihoods, inform and orient youths on available services, and equip the youths with advocacy skills so as to raise issues of concern from within their communities, and to challenge injustices and hold duty bearers to account at grassroot levels. The various trainings and mentorship on videography and the establishment of the first ever fee nil Innovation Centre for refugees and hosts in Gulu district - with more to be established in Kiryandongo, Lamwo, and Adjumani districts are promising and beginning to yield positive results.

A thank you on King's Day

As the above demonstrates, the support of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to strengthening of refugee-host relations in northern Uganda must be seen as integral to its broader commitment to supporting Rule of Law processes throughout Uganda - all of which are important in fulfilling Uganda's Vision 2040, realising the Refugee Response Plans/Strategies, making the Comprehensive Refugee Response Framework a reality, and boldly supporting the realisation of international frameworks governing refugee protection including the recent Global Compact for Refugees and the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly and Regular Migration.

We therefore take the opportunity of King's Day to once again send our best wishes and thanks to the citizens of the Netherlands living in Uganda on this very special day, and bravo to the 'orange' celebrations.

Regards,

Martha Akello

Programme Manager - Media for Social Change

Refugee Law Project

#refugees #uganda

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theseaeaglelives · 6 years ago

Text

Round 9

THE SEA EAGLE

MAKING RUGBY LEAGUE GREAT AGAIN!!!

Round 9 Manly Sea Eagles 10 Defeated by Brisbane Broncos 26

As far as the Sea Eagle is concerned there was nothing magical about this round. Why is it that the Broncos, who already get all the favours in terms of being a one team town, the ability to attract third party details (and rort the salary cap) and bucket loads of money, get another free kick from the NRL and get to play an away game at Lang Park. If the NRL is fair dinkum about the Magic Round concept, then it needs to be rotated so other teams and areas get a benefit. The Sea Eagle is suggesting that next year Magic Round be held at Brookvale, the following year Shark Park, then Win Stadium and so on. Who knows one day maybe even Dubbo or Gunnedah could get the nod? In terms of the game itself, no great spectacle as the undermanned, but brave Manly team were overrun by the Broncos.

Manly had a promising start when hooker come half back Nimby Korisau crossed after 10 minutes. During the remainder of the first half Manly had plenty of opportunities and reserve grader come winger Abbas Miskie was denied twice (by the referee) after crossing for what appeared to be tries, first for obstruction and then for a forward pass. The Sea Eagle has no issue with the refereeing decisions in either case, however, suffice it to say that lesser infringements have not been pulled up in recent games. With only minutes remaining in the half the Broncos exploited some tiring Manly defence and the score was locked up at 6-all at the break. Watching the game on Fox, the Sea Eagle was bemused with the half time comments of former great Mal Meninga to the effect of “going into half-time I’m thinking the Broncos are in front at the moment” even though the score board said 6 all. Whilst there can be no doubt that Big Mal is a true legend of the game, and has achieved virtually every possible accolade, premiership winner, Australian Captain and coach, QLD Captain and coach etc, the Sea Eagle is bewildered by his failure to grasp even the simplest of mathematical concepts. It is up there with that other classic, it was a game of two halves.

The Sea Eagle gets where Big Mal was headed with this comment, but herein lies further proof (take note both Fox and Channel 9) that to be a good commentator you don’t have to have been a star player but having a grasp of simple maths certainly helps. Already, severely short on troops (missing Turbo Tommy, Cherry Baby, Fonua-Blake, Horhay Torfua, Lachlan Croker and Dylan Walker), further injuries during the course of this game to Nimby Koriasu (ankle sprain), Moses Suli (broken finger) and Tofolofa Sipley (ACL) and Brad Parker (HIA) saw Manly hit the wall in the second 40, and in the end were run over by a fresher Bronco outfit.

Next week Manly travel to Shark Park and based on all the players currently unavailable may struggle field a side. At least there is a chance that Dylan Walker may be available having been found NOT GUILTY of all charges laid against him (more on that later and refer below).

Dylan Walker found NOT GUILTY of assaulting fiancée

Dylan Walker has been found NOT GUILTY of pulling his fiancée Alexandra Ivkovic to the ground by her ponytail following an argument over a PlayStation. "I simply, based on the evidence and Ms Ivkovic's immediate retraction, could not be satisfied beyond a reasonable doubt of the guilt of Mr Walker," Manly Local Court magistrate Michelle Goodwin said in finding the footballer NOT GUILTY on Friday afternoon.

The court heard that Mr Walker was playing PlayStation at the couple's Dee Why home in December last year, when the former Miss Universe Australia asked the Manly centre if he would like a spoon or a fork for his dinner thereupon sparking an argument, Mr Walker’s arrest, and subsequent NRL banning for 9 games.

Sea Eagle Comment: The outcome of court proceedings was hardly surprising given the apparent lack of evidence and the fact that Ms. Ivkovic was reluctant to support the police allegations. How this matter even got before a court confounds the Sea Eagle but in no small way explains why there is such a back log in the legal justice system to deal with more important issues. The fact that this allegation arose over a dispute for a PlayStation console sums up the infantile nature of both parties. In the case of an NRL player infantile player is hardly uncommon or unexpected and in fact is more likely to occur than not.

That said the NRL handling of the Walker matter and the fact that he has been unable to play for 9 rounds is also infantile to the max and not something one would or should expect from a professional sporting regulatory body. But is the NRL, the home of embarrassment and as recipients of this report will attest, the handling of this matter is not that surprising when such policy is dictated by teenage, touch football playing, schoolgirls.

Thus, Mr Walker has effectively been suspended for (ay least) 9 rounds for an offence that he has been adjudged not guilty. Compare this to Wests-Tiger, Michael Chee-Kam who, last week pleaded guilty to a charge of assault in relation to an offence committed in December 2018, yet he will only be suspended for 3 games. An urgent explanation of this inequity needs to be provided by the NRL.

Notwithstanding the NOT GUITY finding, the Sea Eagle now understands that for Walker to play next week, it would be subject to approval from the NRL Integrity Department who have indicated that they will be “reviewing the court documents”. Based on this, are we to assume that the NRL Integrity Department holds itself out to be a higher authority than the Australian judicial system? Times up for NRL CEO Todd Greenberg and cohort Peter Beattie, and they should on the back of this (court) decision, do the honourable thing and using the discretionary powers conveyed upon him/them, immediately stand themselves down. At the very least an apology should be issued to Mr Walker, Manly management and the fans. Manly should also be compensated,. as they have been paying Walkers salary during this period of enforced stand-down , and should the De Belin Federal Court Decision go against the NRL, sue the NRL and Messrs Beatie and Greenberg personally for what has transpired.

Dear Messrs Greenberg & Beattie “ei incumbit probatio qui dicit, non qui negat” tramsalted ““the burden of proof is on the one who declares, not on one who denies”

Whilst the court decision now brings the matter at hand to a head, hopefully allowing Walker to resume playing duties at Manly, the court has failed to address, resolve or shed any light on an issue of even greater puzzlement. That being how Mr Walker can attract a former Miss Universe Australia??? As previously highlighted by the Sea Eagle in an earlier edition of the report - It beggars belief, and perhaps reference to a higher judicial forum will be necessary.

Federal Election 2019

Piers Ackerman in the Sunday Telegraph raised this week, a matter that has been troubling the Sea Eagle for some time now. As we all know, this campaign has pushed the bullshit temperature gauge well past the red scale and onto Defcon 5. Nothing is beyond limits, no amount of money on promises for programs that will never eventuate, or budget surpluses that will never arrive, is too large or too small.

If business was as loose with the truth as the pollies, they would have the ACCC and the Federal Court down on them like a tonne of bricks. Yet the politicians are free to lie, deceive, and simply make it up, to do whatever it takes to win. It seems the Australian electorate may also still believe it, and are quite happy to do so, and then complain about politicians broken promises and lies after the event. And they shake their heads wondering what can they do to get the electorate engaged?

Izzy Folau Saga - Final Comment

At the risk of flogging a dead horse on this one, quite unsurprisingly, the ARU appointed (and therefore by definition completely independent) review panel found Mr Folau had breached the code of conduct in a major way, for expressing his religious beliefs, even though no one was bashed, kicked, raped, abused or robbed (an offence for which it seems you lose a few weeks here or there but still get to play).

This week of course we had the Sydney Convicts RUFC, who are Australia’s first gay and inclusive rugby union club, come out publicly in this ABC report, with their take on it all:

Gay rugby union club Sydney Convicts condemns 'offensive' Folau social media post By Chloe Hart ABC Tuesday 7 May 2019

The club has been hesitant to comment on Israel Folau's social media posts denouncing homosexuality, but it fears the damage has already been done. "The comments are offensive," Mr Don Rose club president said. "As a proud gay man who's been a rugby supporter my entire life and a kid who idolised the Wallabies, there's a danger those comments could have really severe affects on kids' mental wellbeing."

'Ignore Folau's comments'

Sydney Convicts founder, Andrew Purchas, said there would be no winners out of the Folau saga."The [game's] highest profile player making condemnations against gay people has been a significant distraction."

Mr Purchas — who also founded the Pride in Sport index, which helps sporting organisations to support same-sex attraction and gender diversity — said the ARU's reaction reflected "the seriousness of [Folau's] comments and the potential damage caused to so many people".

Equality in sport and rugby has come a long way but those on the ground acknowledge there's still a way to go.

"There's still homophobic language and slurs that occur and when people you look up to are saying things completely contrary to [being inclusive], that really slows down and impedes the process," Mr Rose said.

"At the end of the day it's what we do on the pitch — it's the rugby that speaks." Mr Purchas said the broader rugby community was overwhelmingly accepting. "If you have a same-sex attraction and are a rugby lover or want to play you shouldn't take any notice of Folau's comments — and never let that in any way prevent you from playing the game."

Sea Eagle Comment: Well knock me over with a feather. The gay rugby club feels Folau comments were offensive. Regrettably, the ABC neglected to interview the wider pacific islander rugby supporting community for their views in this piece. Where is the balance there?

This issue can only be resolved one way. As the Sydney Convicts rugby put it, on the park.

Let’s put the two comments “"At the end of the day it's what we do on the pitch — it's the rugby that speaks." and “the broader rugby community was overwhelmingly accepting.” to the absolute test.

The Sea Eagle call now for a game between those pacific islander rugby players who believe Mr Folau has been harshly treated, (let’s call them the Torres Straights), versus the Sydney Convicts. Now who wouldn’t want to see that? The usual rules for fans would apply, namely, if you pay for your ticket for entry, you can say what you want (or at least that used to be the way it was).

Selected Venue? Where else, the new Western Sydney stadium, the heart of Sydney and inclusiveness.

And finally, we have this

NRL no place for Folau: Beattie By Sam Phillips SMH May 8, 2019

ARL Commission chair Peter Beattie has reiterated his stance that Israel Folau will not be welcomed by the NRL.

When Rugby Australia indicated its intention to sack Folau last month, eyes almost immediately turned to a handful of NRL clubs who could afford to bring the controversial fullback on board.

But before they could even pick up the phone, Beattie made a stand by declaring the NRL off limits for the fallen star. "We are an inclusive game and we want to make certain that everybody feels part of rugby league. That is why. Israel’s comments are not part of that inclusiveness," Beattie said.

When asked to differentiate between the return of controversial Brisbane prop Matt Lodge and Folau, Beattie doubled down on the ARLC's decision. "In terms of Matt Lodge, that was a person who had been through a set of circumstances, been out of the game and showed remorse. He has rebuilt himself. That was about compassion and there is a clear difference," Beattie said.

"Let me be really clear about it. Rugby league is inclusive. We want everyone to play. We are encouraging women, we are expanding it for everyone in the community. We are an inclusive game.”

Sea Eagle Comment: This will be the final time that the Sea Eagle makes any comment on Israel Folau’s current saga having flogged it to death in recent times. The Sea Eagle does however reserve the right to comment further on Peter Beattie and the tone of his remarks continue the juggernaut of embarrassment that we have come to expect from the ex-QLD premier.

Under previous administration the NRL would rightly welcome back Izzy and his controversies with open arms. However, the current NRL management seem to be hellbent on promoting, political correctness, lefty elitist doctrine and the concept of guilty until proven innocent. At the same-time they have no issue in accepting ex-cons (think Russ Packer, Matt Lodge, Manu Mau etc) back to the fold and the likes of Scott Bolton and Michael Chee-Kam get a slap on the wrist and token suspensions for assault.

Let’s face it at the end of the day whilst Folau may have breathed his contractual obligations with the ARU (and this is likely to be tested in the courts) he has not committed any crime but has pursued his god given and democratic right to free speech whether that be deluded or not.

Mr Beattie and his cohorts at the NRL should stick to running and promoting rugby league at the highest level, rather than to taking on the role of the world’s moral crusader.

THE SEA EAGLE

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