#Fort Monroe city

[muhammad-ubaidullah-khan]

’ تعارف و جائزہ ‘ ڈیرہ  غازیخاں

چوھدری محمد بشیر پی ۔ سی ۔ ایس ڈپٹی کمشنر چیئر مین ڈسٹرکٹ کونسل۔ ڈیرہ غازی خاں

[mbta-unofficial]

US people who care about railroads should definitely read the Corridor ID Selections. While it was published a little over a year ago, the program is designed to fund shovel-ready programs and dedicate money to assessing the viability of corridors which would be either new or upgraded, and they just posted a massive update to the map including new HSR viability studies.

A partial list of served cities:

High speed rail candidates

San Francisco, Anaheim, LA, Vancouver, Portland, Seattle, Eugene, Charlotte NC, Atlanta, Dallas, Fort Worth, Houston, Las Vegas, Palmdale

New Conventional rail candidates

Asheville NC, Salisbury NC, Savannah GA, Chattenooga TN, Nashville, Memphis, Baton Rouge, New Orleans, Boston, Albany, San Jose, San Luis Obispo, King's Mountain NC, Moline IL, Naperville IL, Wyanet IL, Chicago, Fort Wayne IN, Columbus OH, Pittsburgh PA, Cleveland OH, Cincinnati OH, Dayton OH, Toledo OH, Detroit MI, Coachella CA, Fullerton CA, Indio CA, Riverside CA, Palm Springs CA, Fort Collins CO, Pueblo CO, Denver CO, Boulder CO, Colorado Springs CO, Newport News VA, Charlottesville VA, Roanoke VA, Richmond VA, Dover DE, Wilmington DE, Berlin MD, St Paul-Minneapolis MN, Eau Claire WI, Fayetteville NC, Raleigh NC, Lillington NC, Fuquay-Varina NC, Mobile AL, Bay St. Louis, Gulfport, Biloxi, Pascagoula MS, Houston, San Antonio, Rosenburg TX, Flatonia TX, Seguin TX, Meridian MS, Mineola TX, Longview TX, Marshall TX, Shreveport LA, Ruston LA, Monroe LA, Vicksburg MS, Jackson MS, Jacksonville FL, Miami FL, Orlando Fl, Tampa FL, Indianapolis IN, Louisville KY, Milwaukee, WI; La Crosse, WI; Eau Claire, WI; St. Paul, MN; Fargo, ND; Bismarck, ND; Dickson, ND; Glendive, MT; Billings, MT; Bozeman, MT; Butte, MT; Helena, MT; Missoula, MT; St. Regis, MT; Sandpoint, ID; Spokane, WA; and Pasco, WA, Duluth WA, Peoria IL, Phoenix, Tuscon, Maricopa, Reading PA, Scranton

These are most of the cities with new service

If you are between two of these cities, there is a serious chance you will have a train coming to you soon. Check the Doc for more as well as service upgrades on existing services

[alphaman99]

HISTORY THAT SHOULDN'T BE FORGOTTEN.

Jefferson Davis was never tried for treason. He was imprisoned for 2 years without a trial, however...

The post-war Jefferson Davis: The famous trial that never was.

By Bill Ward

When the War Between the States ended, the victorious Northerners viewed Jefferson Davis, as the former President of the Confederate States of America, much differently than others who had served the Confederacy.

For example, when Robert E. Lee surrendered to U.S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, the meeting between the two generals was amicable. Lee was received and treated with courtesy as a senior officer. The terms were so apparently lenient, with Grant conceding to Lee’s requests on behalf of his soldiers, the surrender was referred to as “a gentleman’s agreement.”

However, even after signing a loyalty oath, Lee and other former Confederate Army officers and members of the CSA government were later disenfranchised and treated as second-class citizens. But in the eyes of the northern public, Jefferson Davis was set apart for still a different kind of treatment.

On May 10, 1865, about a mile from the town of Irwinville, Georgia, Federal troops captured Davis. With his arrest on that spring morning, his government ceased to exist. His wife, Varina, and their children were sent to Savannah, where she was kept under virtual house arrest and forbidden to leave the city. Because the soldiers, carpetbaggers and Union supporters treated the Davis children so badly, Varina arranged for them to go to Canada along with her mother.

Davis had been taken back to Virginia and imprisoned in Fort Monroe, where he would stay for the next two years. At first, he was bound in leg irons. Guards watched him around the clock but were not permitted to speak to him. He was allowed no visitors; a light burned in his cell day and night; and his only reading material was a Bible. His treatment was a clear violation of the Bill of Rights.

Many Northern Congressmen and newspapers were nothing short of vicious in their public attacks of Davis. They wanted to see him tried for treason and hanged. In one article, and in one very long sentence, the New York Times referred to Davis by every insulting comment and offensive name that was fit to print. Rhetoric far outran legal reasoning.

But if Davis was in an unusual legal predicament, so was the United States government. The dilemma faced by Washington was how to handle the Davis case. The government under Lincoln had created its own major obstacles by spending four years proclaiming that secessionists were “traitors and conspirators.” The U.S. military had silenced opposition to the administration by closing down newspapers that dared challenge the party line or to make the slightest suggestion that secession might be legal. Thousands of Northerners had been jailed for exercising their First Amendment rights, and those thousands had friends with long memories in the Northern bar.

Northern lawyers were angry for having their clients locked in prison with no civil rights as guaranteed by the Constitution; having civilians tried by military courts for non-existent crimes; having a government that ignored the Supreme Court, setting itself above the constitutional plan of checks and balances. They didn’t like having to beg the president for justice for clients convicted by phony courts-martial or locked up for long periods without any trial. Under Lincoln, the U.S. government had become tyrannical, and certainly anything but a free and constitutional society.

The best lawyers of the day were willing to volunteer to defend Jefferson Davis, because they were angry at the way Lincoln’s government had trampled the Bill of Rights and the Constitution for four years. Even those who didn’t believe in secession were repulsed by the conduct of the Republican administration and the U.S. military.

Charles O’Connor of New York, one of the most famous trial lawyers of the era and a man of great stature in the legal profession, volunteered to be Davis’s counsel. Salmon P. Chase, Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, would be the trial judge.

But interesting things began to happen, and the government’s dilemma became even worse. University of Virginia Law Professor, Albert Bledsoe, published a book, “Is Davis a Traitor?” Bledsoe methodically took apart the case against secession, delivering a solid blow to the prosecutors and dampening their zeal to try Davis. Prosecutors actually began to look for a way to avoid trying him without vindicating the South.

Then another method was decided on for prosecution. The attorney general would bring in outside, independent counsel, as we have seen in modern times, such as in Watergate or the Clinton scandals. The government needed someone of great standing in the legal community to be the lead prosecutor. It chose John J. Clifford. But after reviewing the case, Clifford withdrew citing “grave doubts” about the validity of the case. The government could “end up having fought a successful war, only to have it declared unlawful by a Virginia jury,” where Davis’s “crime” was alleged to have been committed.

President Johnson, Lincoln’s successor, thought the easiest way out would be to pardon Davis, as he had pardoned many other Confederates. But Davis refused, saying, “To ask for a pardon would be a confession of guilt.” He wanted a trial to have the issue of secession decided by a court of law — where it should have been decided to begin with — instead of on battlefields. Most Southerners wanted the same.

Northerners either forgot or were unaware of a great secessionist tradition in America. Southerners were not alone in their view that each state had the right to determine its own destiny in the Union. The procedure for joining the Union also applied to withdrawing from the Union.

That thought harkens back to an editorial by the Cincinnati (Ohio) Daily Inquirer, in the summer of 1861, after the “traitor” label was let loose by the North: “The Republican papers are great on treason. . . . It is treason to circulate petitions for a compromise or peaceful readjustment of our national troubles . . . to question the constitutional powers of the President to increase the standing army without authority of law . . . to object to squads of military visiting private houses, and to make search and seizures. . . to question the infallibility of the President, and treason not to concur with him. . . It is treason to talk of hard times; to say that the war might have been avoided. It is treason to be truthful and faithful to the Constitution.”

A year after John Clifford withdrew, the government appointed another special counsel, Richard Dana of Boston, who had written the novel, “Two Years Before the Mast.” But after reviewing the evidence, he agreed with Clifford; the case was a loser. Dana argued that “a conviction will settle nothing in law or national practice not now settled…as a rule of law by war.” Dana observed that the right to secede from the Union had not been settled by civilized means but by military power and the destruction of much life and property in the South. The North should accept its uncivilized victory, however dirty its hands might be, and not expose the fruits of its carnage to scrutiny by a peaceful court of law.

Now, over two years after Davis’s imprisonment and grand jury indictments for treason, the stage was set for the great public trial of the century. Davis had been released from prison on a $100,000 bond, supported by none other than Horace Greeley, the leading abolitionist writer in the North and a former Lincoln supporter. Greeley and a host of others were outraged at the treatment Davis had received, being locked up in a dungeon for more than two years with no speedy trial.

Since two famous special counsels had told the government its case was a loser, finally, none other than the Chief Justice, in a quirk of Constitutional manipulation, devised an idea to avoid a trial without vindicating the South. His amazing solution was little short of genius.

The Fourteenth Amendment had been adopted, which provided that anyone who had engaged in insurrection against the United States and had at one time taken an oath of allegiance (which Davis had done as a U.S. Senator) could not hold public office. The Bill of Rights prevents double jeopardy, so Davis, who had already been punished once by the Fourteenth Amendment in not being permitted to hold public office, couldn't be tried and punished again for treason.

Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase secretly passed along his clever argument to Davis’s counsel, Charles O’Connor, who then made the motion to dismiss. The Court took the motion under consideration, passing the matter on to the Supreme Court for determination.

In late December 1867 while the motion was pending, President Johnson granted amnesty to everyone in the South, including Davis. But the Davis case was still on the docket. In February 1868, at a dinner party attended by the Chief Justice and a government attorney, they agreed that on the following day a motion for non-prosecution would be made that would dismiss the case. A guest overheard the conversation and reported what was on the minds of most Southerners: “I did not consider that he [Davis] was any more guilty of treason than I was, and that a trial should be insisted upon, which could properly only result in a complete vindication of our cause, and of the action of the many thousands who had fought and of the many thousands who had died for what they felt to be right.”

And so, the case of United States versus Jefferson Davis came to its end — a case that was to be the trial of the century, a great state trial, perhaps the most significant trial in the history of the nation — that never was.

[scotianostra]

12th January 1777 saw the death of Brigadier-General Hugh Mercer, the Scottish-born American revolutionary general.

Hugh Mercer was born in 1726 to Ann Monro and William Mercer, a Presbyterian Minister,  near Rosehearty Aberdeenshire. He earned his doctorate in medicine at the University of Aberdeen and, later, served as a surgeon in the army of Charles Edward Stuart, a during the Jacobite uprising of 1745, Mercer became a fugitive in his own country. He managed to flee Scotland for the American colonies, where he settled in Pennsylvania and established a medical practice.

In  1756, Mercer, like many Jacobites, was serving the same army that had been his enemy only a decade earlier. During the Seven Years’ War, he received a commission as captain of a Pennsylvania regiment that accompanied Lt. Col. John Armstrong’s raid on the Indian village of Kittanning. Mercer was wounded during the raid but managed to escape through the woods, wandering injured, alone, and hungry for days until he reached Fort Shirley. He was subsequently promoted to the rank of colonel and, as a result, became close friends with fellow colonel George Washington.

In the early days of the Revolution, Mercer took command of a small force of Virginia Minute Men from Spotsylvania, King George, Stafford, and Caroline Counties. Eventually, he rose to the rank of brigadier general in the Continental Army, and in the winter of 1776 accompanying his old acquaintance, George Washington, in the New York City Campaign, and subsequent retreat to New Jersey.

Following the Patriot victory at Trenton, New Jersey, Mercer led a vanguard of 350 soldiers toward Princeton, New Jersey with orders from Washington to destroy the Stony Brook Bridge. On January 3, 1777, Mercer met a larger British force at Clarke’s Orchard. The struggle between these two forces quickly turned into a race to secure the strategic position on the heights of a nearby hill. During the struggle, musket and rifle fire turned to hand-to-hand combat with bayonets. Unfortunately, an overwhelming majority of Mercer’s men had no bayonets on their muskets. As his men began to fall back, Mercer stepped forward and desperately rallied his men with the words “Forward! Forward!” His command was met by the forceful thrust of British bayonets to his chest, and he fell to the ground.

Finding Mercer still alive, Continental soldiers removed him to a nearby oak tree, which would later bear his name, and finally to the field hospital in the Thomas Clarke House, where he died of his wounds on January 12th, 1777. The Patriots ultimately succeeded in driving the British from Princeton, and the legacy of General Mercer’s courageous efforts became a rallying cry for American troops.

The pics are of of Mercer, and depictions of his demise the statue is of the General in Fredericksburg, Virginia.

[mint-moon25]

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[countyflagchampionship]

On to Round 2!

This is a wrap-up of the current standings. Polls for round 2 will be published starting this Saturday (12/16).

Congratulations to all the counties that progressed!

The state that is standing the strongest is New York, with 39 counties progressing to round 2! Albany, Allegany, Allegany, Broome, Cattaraugus, Chautauqua, Chemung, Chenango, Clinton, Columbia, Delaware, Franklin, Greene, Hamilton, Jefferson, Kings, Livingston, Nassau, New York, Niagara, Oneida, Orange, Otsego, Putnam, Rensselaer, Richmond, Rockland, Saint Lawrence, Saratoga, Schuyler, Steuben, Suffolk, Sullivan, Ulster, Warren, Washington, Wayne, Westchester, and Wyoming.

Next most powerful state is Virginia, which has 36 winning counties. Alleghany, Alleghany, Amherst, Augusta, Bedford, Brunswick, Caroline, Carroll, Charlotte, Chesterfield, Fairfax, Fauquier, Fluvanna, Gloucester, Goochland, Grayson, Halifax, Isle of Wight, James City, King and Queen, King George, King William, Lee, Louisa, Montgomery, Patrick, Pittsylvania, Prince Edward, Pulaski, Rockingham, Scott, Smyth, Southampton, Tazewell, Warren, and Wise.

Ohio is also standing strong with 27 advancing counties. Brown, Butler, Columbiana, Coshocton, Crawford, Defiance, Erie, Fulton, Geauga, Holmes, Jackson, Lake, Lawrence, Licking, Madison, Mahoning, Medina, Mercer, Monroe, Muskingum, Perry, Pickaway, Ross, Scioto, Seneca, Trumbull, and Van Wert.

North Carolina is up next with a solid 24 wins. Beaufort, Cabarrus, Caldwell, Camden, Carteret, Craven, Currituck, Granville, Harnett, Henderson, Hoke, Jackson, Johnson, Lenoir, Lincoln, Macon, Madison, Mecklenburg, Northampton, Onslow, Person, Robeson, Tyrrell, and Wake.

Only 1 more state has over 20 counties that made won their match-ups and that's my wonderful Washington. Adams, Asotin, Chelan, Clallam, Cowlitz, Ferry, Garfield, Grant, Grays Harbor, King, Kitsap, Kittitas, Klickitat, Lewis, Pacific, Pend Oreille, Skagit, Snohomish, Thurston, Walla Walla, Whatcom, Whitman, Yakima. Stay strong my soldiers.

A much higher number of states are comfortably in the middle of the pack. They are as follows:

Texas: 19 counties. Bosque, Collin, Dallas, Denton, Fort Bend, Goliad, Hockley, Jones, Lipscomb, Live Oak, Llano, McMullen, Milam, Ochiltree, Orange, Panola, Parker, San Patricio, and Travis.

California: 17 counties. Amador, Calaveras, El Dorado, Imperial, Lake, Mariposa, Monterey, Orange, San Benito, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Solano, Tulare, Tuolumne, and Yolo.

Pennsylvania: 16 counties. Allegheny, Blair, Butler, Carbon, Dauphin, Franklin, Greene, Jefferson, Lancaster, Lycoming, Mifflin, Montgomery, Perry, Potter, Venango, and York.

Tennessee: 15 counties. Blount, Campbell, Carter, Cumberland, Hardin, Houston, Johnson, Knox, Madison, Maury, McNairy, Obion, Union, Williamson, and Wilson.

Nebraska: 13 counties. Adams, Buffalo, Cass, Cherry, Dakota, Keith, Knox, Nuckolls, Platte, Saunders, Stanton, Thayer, and Webster.

Nevada: 13 counties. Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Esmeralda, Eureka, Lander, Lincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, and White Pine.

Illinois: 12 counties. Cook, DeKalb, Franklin, Jasper, Kane, Marion, McDonough, McHenry, Morgan, Peoria, St Clair, and Winnebago.

Maryland: 12 counties. Anne Arundel, Calvert, Carroll, Cecil, Dorchester, Frederick, Montgomery, Prince George’s, Queen Anne’s, Talbot, Washington, and Worcester.

Michigan: 12 counties. Barry, Berrien, Clinton, Genesee, Gogebic, Kalamazoo, Lake, Oceana, Ottawa, Rocommon, Sanilac, and Wexford.

Iowa: 11 counties. Dickinson, Fayette, Hancock, Hardin, Henry, Humboldt, Jefferson, Jones, Polk, Pottawattamie, and Wright.

Louisiana: 11 parishes. Ascension, Bossier, Cameron, Catahoula, Concordia, Jefferson, Lincoln, Natchitoches, St Bernard, St James, and St Tammany.

New Jersey: 11 counties. Bergen, Cumberland, Essex, Middlesex, Morris, Passaic, Salem, Somerset, Sussex, Union, and Warren.

Kentucky: 10 counties. Boone, Boyle, Breckinridge, Daviess, Leslie, Logan, Pike, Shelby, Trimble, Woodford.

Many of these poor cute states are barely hanging on. Please wish them luck.

Florida: 8 counties. Alachua, Bay, Miami-Dade, Monroe, Okaloosa, Osceola, Palm Beach, and St Johns.

New Mexico: 8 counties. Colfax, Curry, Doña Ana, Lincoln, Mora, Otero, Roosevelt, and Socorro.

Georgia: 6 counties. Bartow, Cherokee, Floyd, Fulton, Pierce, and Rockdale.

Indiana: 6 counties. Benton, Elkhart, Jennings, Marion, Marshall, and Starke.

Minnesota: 6 counties. Aitkin, Clearwater, Hennepin, Hubbard, McLeod, and Pipestone.

Wisconsin: 6 counties. Calumet, Fond du Lac, Osaukee, Portage, Racine, and Sheboygan.

Wyoming: 6 counties. Big Horn, Converse, Lincoln, Natrona, Park, and Teton.

Missouri: 5 counties. Clay, Gentry, Greene, Newton, and St Louis.

South Carolina: 5 counties. Anderson, Calhoun, Dillon, Dorchester, and Lexington.

Utah: 5 counties. Beaver, Summit, Utah, Washington, and Wayne.

Alaska: 4 boroughs. Anchorage, Juneau, Matanuska-Susitna, and Wrangell.

Arkansas: 4 counties. Cross, Searcy, Washington, and White.

Colorado: 4 counties. Douglas, El Paso, Fremont, and La Plata.

Oklahoma: 4 counties. Bryan, Payne, Rogers, and Washington.

West Virginia: 4 counties. Fayette, Marion, Monongalia, and Roane.

Alabama: 3 counties. Bullock, Cleburne, and Mobile.

Arizona: 3 counties. Coconino, Maricopa, and Yavapai.

Maine: 3 counties. Androscoggin, Hancock, and Washington.

Idaho: 2 counties. Bannock and Bonner.

Kansas: 2 counties. Atchinson and Johnson.

Massachusetts: 2 counties. Barnstable and Berkshire.

Montana: 2 counties. Gallatin and Silver Bow.

North Dakota: 2 counties. Benson and LaMoure.

Some states only have 1 county that progressed. They are: Delaware (Kent County), Hawaii (Maui County), Mississippi (Adams County), New Hampshire (Hillsborough County), Oregon (Linn County), and South Dakota (Bennet County).

```

In addition to all the winning counties above, there will be 83 new county flags folded into round 2!!! (Because of math reasoning this had to happen) Get hyped

They are as follows:

Alexander NC, Allen OH, Alpena MI, Alpena MI, Alpine CA, Arapahoe CO, Ashe NC, Avery NC, Baldwin AL, Baltimore MD, Bell KY, Benzie MI, Bernalillo NM, Black Hawk IA, Brevard FL, Camden NJ, Campbell WY, Canyon ID, Centre PA, Charles City VA, Cheatham TN, Chester PA, Clark WA, Clarke VA, Cleveland OK, Cochise AZ, Columbus NC, Coweta GA, Darke OH, Davidson NC, Elko NV, Erie PA, Florence SC, Garrett MD, Goshen WY, Greene VA, Grundy IL, Gwinnett GA, Hidalgo TX, Highland OH, Hocking OH, Holt NE, Hot Springs WY, Howard MD, Huntingdon PA, Ingham MI, Island WA, Kankakee IL, Lackawanna PA, Lawrence PA, Leelanau MI, Lehigh PA, Leon FL, Liberty TX, Lucas OH, Madera CA, Mahaska IA, Manitowoc WI, McLennan TX, Meigs OH, Milwaukee WI, Nashville and Davidson TN, Northumberland VA, Orleans NY, Page VA, Porter IN, Sacramento CA, Salt Lake UT, San Diego CA, Sangamon IL, Sevier TN, Shelby TN, Skamania WA, Spotsylvania VA, Stafford VA, Sussex VA, Terrell TX, Trinity CA, Tulsa OK, Tuscarawas OH, Ventura CA, Wahkiakum WA, Yuma AZ

[claudia1829things]

TIME MACHINE: Mary S. Peake

TIME MACHINE: MARY S. PEAKE

One of the least known historical figures from the 19th century an American educator and humanitarian named Mary S. Peake. Along with her husband, Mrs. Peake was a member of the African American elite community from Hampton, Virginia before the U.S. Civil War.

In 1823 Norfolk, Virginia; Mary Peake was born as Mary Smith Kelsey to a light-skinned free woman of color and an Englishman. Her mother sent Mary to live with her aunt in Alexandria (then part of the District of Columbia), so that she could attend school. Mary spent another eight years attending a primary school operated by Sylvia Morris. Since Alexandria was part of the District of Columbia until 1846, when it was retro-ceded to Virgina. A new U.S. Congress law prohibited free people of color in Virginia and several other Southern states from being educated. This prohibition came as a result from the Nat Turner Rebellion in 1831. When Alexandria was retro-ceded back to Virginia in 1846, all schools for free people of color were closed due to this law. However, Mary had completed her education at age sixteen by 1839 and returned to her family in Norfolk.

Not long after her return to Norfolk, Mary secretly taught some of the city's slaves and free blacks to read and write in defiance of the law that prohibited African Americans from receiving an education. Her widowed mother married a free man of color named Thompson Walker in 1847 and the family moved to Hampton, Virginia, where they purchased a house. In 1850-51, Mary married Thomas Peake, a freed slave who worked in the merchant marine. The couple had a daughter named Hattie, whom they nicknamed "Daisy". As she had done in Norfolk, Mary began teaching some of the neighborhood's slaves and free blacks in defiance of the law prohibiting their education. Kelsey also founded a women's charitable organization, called the Daughters of Zion, whose mission was to assist the poor, the sick and enslaved fugitives who managed to reach Hampton. She supported herself and her family as a dressmaker and continued to teach in secret. Among her adult students was her stepfather Thompson Walker, who became a leader of Hampton's black community.

A few weeks following the outbreak of the U.S. Civil War, Union forces assumed control of the nearby Fort Monroe. The fortification became a place of refuge for enslaved fugitives seeking asylum. The Union defined them as "contraband", a legal status to prevent their being returned to Confederate slaveholders. They built the Grand Contraband Camp near, but outside the protection of Fort Monroe. Her classes moved inside Fort Monroe, after Confederate forces torched Hampton in August 1861. After Mary Peake began teaching the fugitives' children, the American Missionary Association (AMA) hired her as its first paid black teacher. Mary taught her first class and many others under a large oak tree on September 17, 1861; in Phoebus, a small town nearby in Elizabeth City County.

Eventually, the AMA provided Peake with Brown Cottage, which is considered the first facility of Hampton Institute (and later Hampton University). Mary's school taught more than fifty children during the day and twenty adults at night. Due to her classes being held at Brown Cottage, Mary became associated with the AMA’s later founding of Hampton University in 1868. However, Mary never enjoyed this distinction during her lifetime. Before the war, she had contracted tuberculosis. The illness struck her again in February 1862. And on February 22, 1862 - George Washington's birthday - Mary Peake died of tuberculosis.

For more details on Mary S. Peake, I recommend the following book:

"Mary S. Peake, The Colored Teacher at Fortress Monroe" by Rev. Lewis C. Lockwood

[reputationsaviors-blog]

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[lboogie1906]

Harrison Williams (1847 - 1916 ) was born enslaved on a Southampton County, Virginia, plantation, by December 1864, he was a free man and a soldier in the Union Army.

He was born to Solomon Sykes and Louise Williams. His was owned by Jacob Williams. He worked on the Williams plantation, and by his teenage years, he was hired out to the Boykins Railroad Depot. He kept up with major Civil War engagements and other crucial issues by examining discarded newspapers, brochures, and maps he found at the depot.

On December 2, 1864, he and his brothers escaped and began their journey to freedom. They encountered a two-person slave catcher patrol, which apprehended him after capturing and interrogating his brothers. He offered his captors tobacco, and as they grabbed it, the brothers attacked, overpowered, and killed one of the slave catchers and injured the other.

On December 4, they reached Norfolk County and encountered Union soldiers who occupied Camp Bowers Hill. Union Army soldiers were dispatched to find other Black men who fled Confederate-controlled areas into the Union-controlled towns and recruit them into the United States Colored Troops regiments at Fort Monroe. He joined the Union Army and was assigned to Company I, 1st Regiment, USCT Cavalry.

He completed basic training at Fort Hamilton, sailed on a steamship up the James River, and joined the Army of the James near City Point. They pursued what remained of Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee’s Army. He was now a cavalryman with the XXV Corps, with nearly 14,000 infantry, cavalry, and artillery soldiers, who comprised the largest Black unit in the Army.

On April 3, 1865, Maj. Gen. Godfrey Weitzel, commander of the XXV Corps, led him, who now called himself Parson Williams, and other members of the Corps who captured Richmond. After General Lee’s surrender at Appomattox on April 9, he and the XXV Corps were assigned to the Rio Grande in May. They remained there until January 8, 1866. In 1866, he returned to Southampton and took his father’s last name, Sykes. He became a local hero for his self-liberation and his role in capturing Richmond. #africanhistory365 #africanexcellence

[jolenes-book-journey]

Save Our Florida State Parks From Developers Staff members of the Division of Recreation and Parks are apparently set to scatter across the state — from Miami to the Panhandle — for meetings scheduled from 3 p.m. to 4 p.m. that Tuesday. Meetings for six parks in Eastern Standard Time will occur simultaneously. Meetings at two Panhandle-area parks, in a different time zone, will start an hour later. There appears to be no virtual option for any of the meetings listed on the state’s public notice. If somebody wants to make a comment about the changes coming to a state park and they can make the meeting, they’ll have three minutes. Below are the times and locations for each state park proposal. Hillsborough River State Park, Jimmie B. Keel Regional Library – 2902 W. Bearss Ave, Tampa, Community Room D Honeymoon Island State Park, The District, 11141 US Hwy 19 N. Suite 204, Clearwater Oleta River State Park, Florida International University, Biscayne Bay Campus, Kovens Conference Center – Room 114, 3000 N.E. 151 Street North, Miami. Jonathan Dickinson State Park, The Flagler of Stuart – 201 SW Flagler Ave, River Room, Stuart Dr. Von D. Mizell-Eula Johnson State Park, Downtown Event Center – 416 NE First Street, Fort Lauderdale – Lecture Hall, Building C – 2nd Floor (Enter at Main Entrance B – clearly marked on outside of building) Anastasia State Park, First Coast Technical College – The Character Counts Conference Center, Building C – 2980 Collins Ave, St. Augustine Camp Helen State Park, Lyndell Conference Center – 423 Lyndell Lane, Panama City Beach Topsail Hill Preserve State Park and Grayton Beach State Park, Watercolor Inn & Resort 34 Goldenrod Circle Santa Rosa Beach, The Lakehouse Florida State Parks Foundation, Inc. 1700 North Monroe Street, Suite 11 #200 Tallahassee Florida 32303 +1 (813) 586-0681 https://floridastateparksfoundation.org/

[chorusfm]

Underoath Announces Anniversary Tour

Underoath have announced a They’re Only Chasing Safety tour. View this post on Instagram A post shared by Underoath (@underoathband) 6/1 Fort Worth, TX – So What?! Music Festival 6/7 Nuremberg, Germany – Rock Im Park 6/8 Nurburg, Germany – Rock am Ring 6/10 Hamburg, Germany – Markthalle Hamburg 6/11 Berlin, Germany – Metropol 6/12 Warsaw, Poland – Proxima 6/13 Hradec Kralove, Czechia – TBD 6/13-15 Interlaken, Switzerland – Greenfield Festival 6/16 Paris, France – La Machine du Moulin Rouge 6/17 Amsterdam, Netherlands – Melkweg 6/19 Copenhagen, Denmark – Copenhell Festival 6/20 Dessel, Belgium – Graspop Metal Meeting 2024 6/22 Lyon, France – Slam Dunk France 6/24 Briston, UK – O2 Academy Bristol 6/25 Birmingham, UK – O2 Institute2 6/26 London, UK – O2 Forum 6/27 Manchester, UK – O2 Ritz Manchester 7/13 Charleston, WV – West Virginia is For Lovers 9/18 Norfolk, VA – The NorVa 9/20 New York, NY – The Palladium 9/22 Wallingford, CT – The Dome 9/24 Pittsburgh, PA – Stage AE 9/26 Philadelphia, PA – Franklin Music Hall 9/27 Worcester, MA – The Palladium 9/28 Baltimore, MD – Rams Head Live 9/29 Columbus, OH – Kemba Live 10/1 Detroit, MI – The Fillmore 10/2 Indianapolis, IN – The Egyptian Room 10/4 Milwaukee, WI – The Eagles Ballroom 10/5 St. Louis, MO – The Pageant 10/6 Birmingham, AL – Furnace Fest 10/8 Kansas City, MO – The Midland Theater 10/9 Minneapolis, MN – Myth 10/11 Denver, CO – The Summit 10/13 Salt Lake City, UT – The Complex 10/15 Seattle, WA – Showbox SODO 10/16 Portland, OR – Revolution Hall 10/19 Las Vegas, NV – When We Were Young 10/20 Las Vegas, NV – When We Were Young 10/22 Santa Ana, CA – The Observatory 10/25 Sacramento, CA – Ace of Spades 10/27 San Diego, CA – SOMA 10/28 Phoenix, AZ – The Marquee 10/30 Dallas, TX – Southside Music Hall 11/18 Austin, TX – Stubbs 11/19 Houston, TX – House of Blues 11/20 Oklahoma City, OK – Diamond Ballroom 11/23 Cincinnati, OH – Megcorp 11/24 -Chicago, IL – The Salt Shed 11/26 Des Moines, IA – Val Air Ballroom 11/27 Green Bay, WI – Epic Center 11/29 -Grand Rapids, MI – 20 Monroe 11/30 Cleveland, OH – Agora Ballroom 12/1 Toronto, ON – History 12/3 Buffalo, NY – Riverworks 12/4 Sayreville, NJ – Starland Ballroom 12/6 Stroudsburg, PA – The Sherman Theater 12/8 Richmond, VA – The National 12/9 Asheville, NC – The Orange Peel 12/1 Charlotte, NC – The Fillmore 12/13 Tampa, FL – Jannus Landing --- Please consider becoming a member so we can keep bringing you stories like this one. ◎ https://chorus.fm/news/underoath-announces-anniversary-tour/

[webdesignseoservicedc]

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[bash-the-fash]

Heads up: Fascists active nationwide on Saturday, 10/21! Gays Against Groomers will be rallying in 75+ cities against gender affirming care. Stay safe out there 🏴

ARIZONA

TEMPE (11am)

Moeur Park

701 N Mill Avenue, Tempe

TUCSON (11am)

Hotel Congress

311 E Congress Street

CALIFORNIA

CASTRO VALLEY (10am)

Redwood Rd & Castro Valley Blvd (corner by Safeway)

LONG BEACH (10am)

4th Street Promenade

350 The Promenade North

NORTHRIDGE (12pm)

CSUN

(corner of Nordhoff St/Lindley)

ORANGE (10am)

Circle of Orange

100 S Glassell Street, Orange

PALM DESERT (11am)

The Shops at Palm Desert (near Buffalo Wild Wings)

72-840 CA-111, Palm Desert

SACRAMENTO (10am)

NEW LOCATION:

6700 Block of Tobia Way, Fair Oaks

SAN DIEGO (11am)

3325 Zoo Drive, San Diego

TEMECULA (1pm)

Temecula Duck Pond (Rancho California Rd & Ynez Rd)

28250 Ynez Road, Temecula

COLORADO

DENVER (10am)

State Capitol (west steps)

200 E Colfax Avenue

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA

Veterans Plaza (11am)

1 Veterans Place, Silver Spring

FLORIDA

FORT LAUDERDALE (11am)

Freedom Corner

NE corner of Oakland Park & US 1

TAMPA (10am)

5311 E Fowler Avenue, Tampa

GEORGIA

ROME (2:30pm)

Heritage Park Trail Levee

1 Shorter Ave, Rome

IDAHO

PONDERAY (10am)

30640 Highway 200, Ponderay

ILLINOIS

CHICAGO (10am)

Fullerton / Halsted / Lincoln (near old Children's Hospital in Lincoln Park)

IOWA

ANKENY (11am)

Hawkeye Park

400 NW Lakeshore Drive, Ankeny

MASSACHUSETTS

BOSTON (11am)

The Boston Common

139 Tremont Street, Boston

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JC Nichols Memorial Fountain at the Country Club Plaza

47th Mill Creek Pkwy, Kansas City

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TRENTON (10am)

State House Annex

131-137 W State Street, Trenton

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ALBANY (1pm)

East Capitol Park

Eagle Street, Albany

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Belk Tonawanda Park

217 I B Shive Drive, Monroe

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FRANKLIN (12pm)

Pinkerton Park

405 Murfreesboro Rd

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NEW BRAUNFELS (10am)

500 Main Plaza, New Braunfels

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Fair Parks Gate (main entrance)

3809 Grand Avenue, Dallas

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Discovery Green

1500 McKinney Street, Houston

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SALT LAKE CITY (11am)

Hutchings Museum Institute

55 N Center Street, Lehi

WASHINGTON

VANCOUVER (12pm)

Esther Short Park

605 Esther Street, Vancouver

WISCONSIN

GREEN BAY (10am)

1265 Lombardi Ave, Green Bay

[brookstonalmanac]

Events 8.5 (after 1900)

1901 – Peter O'Connor sets the first World Athletics recognised long jump world record of 24 ft 11.75 in (7.6137 m), a record that would stand for 20 years. 1906 – Persian Constitutional Revolution: Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar, King of Iran, agrees to convert the government to a constitutional monarchy. 1914 – World War I: The German minelayer SS Königin Luise lays a minefield about 40 miles (64 km) off the Thames Estuary (Lowestoft). She is intercepted and sunk by the British light-cruiser HMS Amphion. 1914 – World War I: The guns of Point Nepean fort at Port Phillip Heads in Victoria (Australia) fire across the bows of the Norddeutscher Lloyd steamer SS Pfalz which is attempting to leave the Port of Melbourne in ignorance of the declaration of war and she is detained; this is said to be the first Allied shot of the War. 1914 – In Cleveland, Ohio, the first electric traffic light is installed. 1916 – World War I: Battle of Romani: Allied forces, under the command of Archibald Murray, defeat an attacking Ottoman army under the command of Friedrich Freiherr Kress von Kressenstein, securing the Suez Canal and beginning the Ottoman retreat from the Sinai Peninsula. 1925 – Plaid Cymru is formed with the aim of disseminating knowledge of the Welsh language that is at the time in danger of dying out. 1926 – Harry Houdini performs his greatest feat, spending 91 minutes underwater in a sealed tank before escaping. 1939 – The Thirteen Roses: Thirteen female members of the Unified Socialist Youth are executed by Francoist forces in Madrid, Spain. 1940 – World War II: The Soviet Union formally annexes Latvia. 1944 – World War II: At least 1,104 Japanese POWs in Australia attempt to escape from a camp at Cowra, New South Wales; 545 temporarily succeed but are later either killed, commit suicide, or are recaptured. 1944 – World War II: Polish insurgents liberate a German labor camp (Gęsiówka) in Warsaw, freeing 348 Jewish prisoners. 1944 – World War II: The Nazis begin a week-long massacre of between 40,000 and 50,000 civilians and prisoners of war in Wola, Poland. 1949 – In Ecuador, an earthquake destroys 50 towns and kills more than 6,000. 1957 – American Bandstand, a show dedicated to the teenage "baby-boomers" by playing the songs and showing popular dances of the time, debuts on the ABC television network. 1960 – Burkina Faso, then known as Upper Volta, becomes independent from France. 1962 – Apartheid: Nelson Mandela is jailed. He would not be released until 1990. 1962 – American actress Marilyn Monroe is found dead at her home from a drug overdose. 1963 – Cold War: The United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union sign the Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty. 1964 – Vietnam War: Operation Pierce Arrow: American aircraft from carriers USS Ticonderoga and USS Constellation bomb North Vietnam in retaliation for strikes against U.S. destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin. 1965 – The Indo-Pakistani War of 1965 begins as Pakistani soldiers cross the Line of Control dressed as locals. 1969 – The Lonesome Cowboys police raid occurs in Atlanta, Georgia, leading to the creation of the Georgia Gay Liberation Front. 1974 – Vietnam War: The U.S. Congress places a $1 billion limit on military aid to South Vietnam. 1974 – Watergate scandal: President Richard Nixon, under orders of the US Supreme Court, releases the "Smoking Gun" tape, recorded on June 23, 1972, clearly revealing his actions in covering up and interfering investigations into the break-in. His political support vanishes completely.[ 1979 – In Afghanistan, Maoists undertake the Bala Hissar uprising against the Leninist government. 1981 – President Ronald Reagan fires 11,359 striking air-traffic controllers who ignored his order for them to return to work. 1995 – Yugoslav Wars: The city of Knin, Croatia, a significant Serb stronghold, is taken by Croatian forces during Operation Storm. The date is celebrated in Croatia as Victory Day. 2010 – The Copiapó mining accident occurs, trapping 33 Chilean miners approximately 2,300 ft (700 m) below the ground for 69 days.

[if-you-fan-a-fire]

"Kent Bandits Sentenced,” Border Cities Star. December 5, 1932. Page 7. ---- Manson Hartford Gets 10 Years and Gerald Downey Six --- Many Robberies --- Pair Pleaded Guilty To Crimes in Two Counties --- By Staff Reporter CHATHAM, Dec. 5.-Sentenced today for one of the longest series of robberies in the history of Kent, Essex and Elgin Counties, Manson Hartford, of Blenheim, was given 10 years in Kingston penitentiary and his accomplice, Gerald Downey, 23, of Fargo, was sentenced to six years by Magistrate S. B. Arnold in Chatham police court today.

PLEADS FOR DOWNEY THE difference in the terms meted out to the two men followed a plea by Downey's counsel that a mental condition left him easily led and unable to act as the leader of the pair who confessed robberies in 15 Western Ontario towns.   Downey pleaded guilty to 10 charges in county police court, then both Hartford and Downey were arraigned and pleaded guilty to two charges, including the armed robbery of the M. C. R. station at West Lorne, and one charge, the attempted robbery of the Essex station laid through the Crown Attorneys of Elgin and Essex counties.

A mental condition which it was argued had “weakened his controlling power” was advanced by Downey's counsel A. L. Hanna, as reason why the magistrate should not consider him as capable of taking a leading part in the activities of the two men.

Mr. Hanna stated, and called Chief Walter Fenton of Blenheim and Provincial Constable A. R. Peters to give evidence to that effect, that Downey had had a good record until 1930 when suddenly his actions resulted in his being sent to the Ontario Hospital at London. 

The two police were the ones who along with Sergeant Hugh Dougins of the Chatham city police effected the capture of Hartford and Downey. 

NO VIOLENCE USED Representing Hartford, his counsel, G. M. Dodman, pleaded on behalf of his client that the magistrate would colder that in none of the ccases was there any violence used.

"He doesn't seem to be a dangerous type." he said. 

“Most of these offences were of a petty type," said Mr. Dodman, pointing out that in the armed robbery charges when he could have used a gun he turned and ran.

Mr. Hanna called Chief Walter Fenton of Blenheim on the witness stand.

Questioned by Mr. Hanna the chief said that Downey's family was very well respected. Mr. Fenton said that he had had no contacts with Downey until 1929 when "he went wrong.”

"What do you mean by went wrong?" 

"When he was taken into the Ontario Hospital,” he replied. 

Provincial Constable A. R. Peters also stated that his only previous contact was in connection with a committal to the hospital at that time. 

"He was discharged from the hospital as sane,” interposed Crown Attorney H. D. Smith, K. C. 

"I have his hospital record here," said Mr. Hanna.

PREVIOUS CONVICTION A previous conviction for attempted robbery in Seattle, Wash., against Hartford for which he served seven months in a reformatory and was deported back to Canada was also a factor in the sentence. 

Evidence was given that Downey's record was previously good, until his association with Hartford this year.

Photo Caption: SENTENCED MANSON HARTFORD GERALD DOWNEY --- BOTH of whom pleaded guilty to a series of robberies in three Western Ontario counties, were sentenced today in Chatham police court. Hartford gets 10 years in Kingston and Downey six.

[AL: Manson Hartford was 22, single, born in Blenheim, a carpenter by trade, and also went by Dean. He had been in the Monroe County Jail and the lockup at Fort McDowell. At Kingston Penitentiary he was #2891, and worked in the carpentry shop mostly. Relatively well behaved, he had only two reports to his name. He was selected for transfer to lower security at Collins Bay and went there in July 1935. He was paroled in late 1938.  Downey or Downie was 23, a Baptist, from St. Thomas, had a nasty scar on his head (from the injury that made him go ‘wrong’) and was a railway signalman.  He had no previous criminal record. He was convict #2890 at Kingston Penitentiary, and worked mostly in the barber shop and change-room, cutting inmate hair. He was transferred to Collin’s Bay penitentiary as convict #842. He was given a parole in April 1936.]