#Fatimid Period
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Rock Crystal Jug
One of the seven 'Historical Rock Crystal Jug' in the world.
It was manufactured in 909 CE during the Fatimid Period in Egypt.
These rock crystal ewers are carved from a single block of rock crystal, without breaking raw rock crystal.
đ: Museum of Islamic Arts, Cairo
#Rock Crystal Jug#rock crystal#Fatimid Period#Museum of Islamic Arts#Cairo#Egypt#ancient egypt#ancient civilizations#jug#ewer
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Fooduary Day 28: Cannoli
The history of the cannoli is an interesting one, which is why I did it anyway despite not being really confident about my design. Not my best idea? Maybe, so take this design with a healthy serving of salt itâs based more on Byzantine style art than more specific location examples because I could only find a handful of illustrations of men which wasnât the most helpful. Allegedly the cannoli was invented around 827-1091 Sicily. At this time it was the Emirate of Sicily, so I could only really find a few photos of figures from this period from the ceiling of Cappella Palatina in Palermo that were even close to the place+era I was looking for. The Fatimid Caliphate decorated Sicily mostly with script and zoomorphic designs so itâs only really this chapel that had preserved figures illustrated at all. So she kind of has a powdered sugar mother Mary look going onâŠ
I am the artist! Do not post without permission & credit! Thank you! Come visit me over on: instagram, tiktok or check out my coloring book available now \ (ââą Ö âąâ) /
https://linktr.ee/ellen.artistic
#cannoli#emirate of sicily#I did my best but I don't think it's my strongest#fooduary#art challenge#historical fashion#ellenart#lnart#character design#digital illustration#historically inspired#fooduary2024
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Forever In My Heart | King Baldwin
Part I | Part II
Gif by @princess-of-thebes-1995 Dividers by @saradika-graphics pictures by Pinterest
Summary: Baldwin knew that his illness would not allow him to live long. Unfortunately, he did not have an heir to leave the throne to, and since he was of French origin, he demanded an heir from the French kingdom to take over the throne after he died. So King Louis VII sent his younger son and his wife to go to Jerusalem and make a deal with the King.
Warnings! : Toxic Relationship, (King Baldwin is 20, Prince Hugh is 25, Y/N is 19), No Y/N using (Princess Maria), Inspired by history. It is not real historical events exactly, There are chronological mistakes, I apologize for the mistakes I made in English that is not my native language and I am trying to improve my writing skills
A/N: No one's religious beliefs were disrespected. The story was written by researching the ideas of that period.
A/N 2 : You can imagine whoever you want to play the bad guy(Please comment who do you imagine).
" 5th June 1173
My lover who is more beautiful than anything. My lady with lips sweeter than honey, a complexion that would make the moon jealous, and eyes brighter than the sun. The angel who inspires me. You're in my dreams when I sleep, you're the first thing that comes to my mind when I wake up. I miss you so much that every day we are apart I pray to Jesus that my father will return from crusade as soon as possible and start making preparations for our wedding.
After that incident, after the doctors had a dilemma about whether I might be sick, I thought that your father the emperor wanted our engagement not to be official, using his relations with the Seljuk State as an excuse. Forgive me for such impertinent ideas, my love. I would never betray you and your family. However, the crusades that my father Amalric started against the Fatimids by joining forces with the French and Germans showed me that what prevents our marriage is fate. But I know. No matter how late it is, our lives will be united, you will be the most respected queen the Latin kingdom has ever seen. Christian and Muslim healers will soon produce a cure for my illness together. Don't think about me. I will be fine, knowing that you love me gives me strength, my queen. Always be happy, be healthy. Always remember me. Dream about our future during the days we are apart, because I do. May the God who reigns in the heavens and watches over the whole world protect you.
I think the reason you didn't reply to my previous two letters is because you were busy, but this time I'm eagerly waiting for you to reply to my letter, my love. My heart is with you forever."
Who could love a man whom even God has cursed?
1180 4th June
When the night covered the lands of Jerusalem like a blanket, Baldwin stood by the window and watched his kingdom. God had given this holy city to the Crusaders and had stood by them. The Latin kingdom acted as a protector against the increasingly powerful Muslim invaders. Although the failure of the 2nd Crusade had caused a lack of trust among the Crusader countries, he was the only great king who was able to unite the Holy Land after his father Amalric died. His people were pleased with him. Despite being a Crusader commander, he did not want anyone to be treated unfairly, regardless of religion or race. But why did the king not feel proud when his people loved him so much?
When he looked at his reflection in the golden goblet he held in his hand, the answer to the question was actually very clear. Despite everything, he was the cursed king. He was weak and incapable for Muslims. How could a king who was struggling for his own health deal with state issues? He was also a servant lower than a pig. He was created so ugly because they did not believe in the same god. Just as ugly and useless as a pig. Saladin should have been ashamed of himself for being defeated by a king who was a child and a leper in the battle of Montgisard. But no one had thought about it. His smart moves in the army and state administration, his choice of advisors and the poor-looking king proved his power. He was the only king who came into being on the bed to manage the war. His courage had inspired the painter.
It was normal for Muslims to spread such prejudiced and hostile gossip, of course. But it was the Christians whose ideas he had to fight against. They thought that God had cursed Baldwin when he was born. He was the one God did not like. He knew how dark his soul was when he created him. When he grew up, the devil would be his guide. He was a cruel, barbaric ruler whose mind worked for nothing but evil. Leprosy was his mark and badge for his past and future sins. He was branded so that the people would notice and stay away from this devil.
He had long forgotten his identity. The man he saw in the reflection in the goblet, with a rotting skin, was either a pig or a devil.
But he was not human in either world. When he could no longer hide this curse and his fiancée did not even deign to write him a farewell letter, he lost the last feeling that would remind him of his humanity. Love. No one loved a pig, they would detest it. No one would stray from God's path and fall in love with the devil. He would rather die. And what were the feelings? What were the longing and love he felt in his heart? Moreover, what was the sadness that was hidden behind these two feelings and spread throughout his body? These feelings grew stronger after he received the news that the crown prince of France and his wife, the Byzantine Princess Maria, would arrive in Jerusalem tomorrow. Could a pig long for? Could a barbarian be sad, or could the devil love?
Baldwin could no longer bear to see the truth reflected in the globe and threw it to the ground. So many years passed. Baldwin stood strong against the gossip about him. He only loved his kingdom and swore to protect it. He rewarded the oppressed and punished the oppressors so that people could live in peace and not have hostile feelings. However, the seeds of love that had been waiting to sprout in his heart for years blossomed with the news that he would see the woman he loved again, and the king felt hopeless.
As the medicinal drink spilled from the glass that fell to the ground spread on the stone floor, the bare parts of his maskless, bandaged face reappeared before him like a nightmare. As his breathing rhythm quickened, he heard a voice.
"When the Physicians were preparing the drink, I could tell from the smell that it tasted bad."
When Baldwin looked in the direction of the voice, he saw William coming from the darkness. The only source of light in the room was the moonlight.
"William," he said, trying to hide his emotions, "I didn't hear you come in."
William smiled warmly. "You wouldn't have heard of it if there was a rebellion, your majesty, and forgive my impudence, but the reason for this has to do with your guests tomorrow."
Baldwin turned toward the city. "I was sure I would never see her again. But now, in the castle of Kerak, Raybald of ChĂątillon is hosting them."
William looked at the king. "Indeed, you should have known this day would come. Your relations with the Kingdom of France are strong."
"Maybe I was just afraid that day would come."
"You're still in love with her."
"Every minute I thought I had forgotten her, my longing for her grew my love."
"Princess Maria was a good match for you. She was very intelligent, kind, and combative. A fine queen for the Latin kingdom," he said, and the melancholy gaze of Baldwin, which he did not want to show, gave him away, caused William to apologize. "I apologize if I went too far, your majesty. I just wanted to recall a pleasant memory."
A beautiful memory. It was true. Every moment Baldwin spent with the princess was special. He could talk and laugh for hours about any memory he recalled. Baldwin was not born into a loving family. When he ascended to the throne, his kingdom was on the verge of division. His illness pretended him weak against his enemies. But in all his misfortunes, Maria was his white rose, and no matter how pessimistic he felt a moment ago, he now smiled because of her.
A bitter smile, ""Do you think she can still wield a sword skillfully?"
He had the same bitter smile on his face. ""There is no doubt about that, your majesty. Perhaps once they are settled in the palace you can challenge her to a duel and see for yourself."
Although this idea sounded nice at first, the facts were obvious. He replied in a reproachful tone, as if rebelling against fate. "How can I do this when I can't use my limbs and can't see in one eye, William, tell me!" He looked harshly.
"These words do not seem to belong to you, my king. Weren't you the king who learned to use a sword with his left arm because his right arm betrayed him at every opportunity? You designed special stirrups for your numb legs. You led fights with that blind eye of yours. Now don't tell me you avoided a duel with a 19-year-old young woman."
"I don't want her to see me like this, Will. My body is decaying day by day. God's curse is growing stronger and my resistance to pain is diminishing." He looked at the view again. "I don't want her to remember me like this. She confessed that she was amazed by my beauty the night we fell in love. He turned back to William and pointed his finger at his face. Look at my current state, the boy she fell in love with is dead. The Leper King was the end of that beautiful boy."
Baldwin suddenly felt unwell and William held him as he collapsed to the ground, his legs shaking.
"Your Majesty, you need to rest now."
William called to the servants to take Baldwin to bed. The servants came to them in a hurry and, taking kings arm, carried him to the bed. One left to get water. Another was adjusting his pillows. Finally William warned them to leave the room and approached Baldwin.
"You have always been a good boy, Baldwin. You are the best king the Latin Kingdom has ever seen. No ruler after you will be able to hold these lands together."
"I would not want this. I hope that people will recognize my efforts and protect the lands from hostile armies."
Before leaving William Baldwin's room, he spoke one last time. "Prince Hugh will take more care of you both, your majesty. Be careful."
Maria had been nervous since they arrived at the castle of Kerak. Representing the Komnenos dynasty had been a heavy burden on her shoulders. About six years before she was born, dark times had passed over Manuel I and the Byzantine lands. Constantinople had been sacked, the city almost destroyed. ChĂątillon had been the emperor's worst nightmare until Manuel took revenge on her. He disturbed the people as if he owned the Byzantine Empire. Maria's nanny would tell her these dark memories before she went to sleep at night. Maria was a naughty child and would tell the story that ChĂątillon would come back one night and kidnap the naughty children. But Maria always trusted her father. Although he seemed like an emperor who was afraid of the Turks and had a weak political mind, Maria was smart enough to understand her father's strategic steps. That's why she never feared ChĂątillon. Her father may have suffered great losses during those times, but later he took his revenge on ChĂątillon in a satisfactory way.
Baldwin did not attend her and Prince Hugh wedding. He was too tired to go to France. Otherwise, his death would have come sooner, and Saladin's army would have occupied Jerusalem long ago. Therefore, Reynald of ChĂątillon attended the wedding as regent. Emperor Manuel saw this as an insult, and the ties between him and the Latin kingdom were almost broken. But Baldwin, the Latin king, knew his former father-in-law well. He had observed the emperor very well during his engagement to his daughter, and had skillfully kept the bond between them together.
Despite everything, ChĂątillon must have been unable to stomach the emperor's revenge, for he was taking a jab at the princess who had joined them at the dinner table. He was talking badly about her father. He was making fun of the Byzantine Emperor, implying that if the emperor did not come under Crusader countries protection, the Muslims would give up Jerusalem and occupy Constantinople, and they would be successful. Therefore, it was very lucky for the princess to marry the son of the King of France. Maria would of course say something in response to these words, but the crown prince of France thought that women were stupid and should not meddle in state affairs. What did women know except intrigue, sex, and having children? Whenever Maria spoke, her husband humiliated her in front of the lords of the other kingdoms. She did not want to experience the same thing again. She felt sad enough when she thought of Baldwin anyway. But both Maria's and the prince's minds were changed by ChĂątillon's audacity. He had brought up the subject of Baldwin and the princess's broken engagement. Maria felt uneasy. She knew that her husband had always kept his eyes on her, for it was a sensitive subject.
When ChĂątillon noticed the tension between the two, he explained how strong the bond between her and Baldwin was. He had read Mariaâs letters impudently several times before the curse of leprosy had set in. He disclosed some of the love poems in these letters. Of course, he could not remember the exact words, but he sang similar sentences with a mocking grin. Hearing these things made the Prince angry. The gold goblet in his hand almost bent, but he tried not to show it. He looked at his beloved wife with a meaningful smile. Not wanting to appear weak, he intervened. âI thought your engagement was a political agreement, my lady. Would you care to give me more details? I would like to hear it.â He brought the glass to his lips, finished the wine in one gulp, and slammed it down on the table.
However, Maria knew that the prince intended to ask her this question. If she was not satisfied with the answer he would give, his revenge would be severe. Hugh had threatened her with his dynasty. The prince was madly in love with her and knew that his love was unrequited. He was jealous of her in front of everyone and everything.
She was trying not to give away her lie as she pushed the toasted almonds on the Blancmange that had just been served into the rice fish paste mixture with the tip of her fork. "We were both kids at the time. Our alliance against his half-brothers brought us closer. These are childish feelings." These words were lies. Every emotion she experienced was too mature.
Raynald lifted his globe to his mouth and drank the spiced wine, smearing it through his filthy beard before scraping the remains of the wine away with the palm of his hand. "Your mind was capable of writing love poems as a child."
Prince Hugh gritted his teeth. He should have cut off the head of the daring man in front of him with his sword, but he was too arrogant to show his jealousy to anyone. Instead, he chose to show his anger to his wife by stroking Maria's hair harshly. She had to be careful.
She looked bravely at Reynald. Looking into his eyes, she put the Blancmange in her mouth and began to speak, ignoring the rules as she chewed. "I am flattered that you find the love poems written by a little girl mature. Yes, Baldwin and I were mature, and I was smart enough to see that you were a pain in the neck when you were still a mercenary."
Raynald looked to the prince to put the princess in her place, but Hugh agreed with his wife, and for once, though he didn't show it, he was pleased with her headstrong nature.
Then he looked at the princess with greed. "It was obvious that the daughter of the Byzantine emperor would not suit the future king of France."
Maria stood up, her chair leg scraping the floor. "Then you should know to watch your step when talking to me."
Then she turned respectfully, in a way that glorified her husband. "Master of my heart, if you allow me, I would like to go to the chapel and pray."
The prince was unsure of what to say. He did not want to be angry with his wife, for she had put Raynald in his place, who had insidiously planted the sin of jealousy in his heart. He was also flattered by his wife in front of the other lords and barons at the table. He only gave his wife permission to go to the chapel.
She grabbed the hem of her dress so as not to fall. So she left the room and walked quickly down the corridor. Talking about her memories with Baldwin broke her heart. His look, his smile, his conversation, his intelligence... She had never known a man like him in the Empire or the Kingdom of France. Her mind was always on her old love. She had stolen her own life. She spent her youth in the bed of a man she did not love, thinking of Baldwin. Now she was in pain and wanted to be alone, alone with the Virgin Mary.
One of her maids would come to her. She called to her lady, said that her son were crying uncontrollably. Little Philip needed his mother. She ignored the maids calling her as she ran down the hall. But the baby wanted her mother and was crying non-stop. But a child from a man she did not love would not be good for her right now.
She just wanted to go to the chapel and pray before the Virgin Mary. She was on her knees, placed her elbows on the altar. "Hail Mary, Full of Grace, The Lord is with thee. Forgive me, I cannot guard my ideas from sin as I guard my chastity. Holy Mary, Mother of God. I am weak, the love that the devil has cultivated in my heart becomes sweeter to me every day that I do not see him. Please hear me, tear down the walls between us and inspire me to forget him. O Virgin, holy and merciful, obtain for all who offend thee the grace of repentance, and graciously accept this poor act of homage from me thy servant, obtaining likewise for me from thy Divine Son the pardon and remission of all my sins. Amen." She placed her palms crosswise on her chest. She was crying, convulsing with tears.
The prince and princess of France entered the holy lands with four horse guards in front and six behind to protect the gift chests. The royal coat of arms, the 'fleur-de-lys', was carved on wood on the body of the carriage, and the windows were covered with curtains in the color of the coat of arms's base color, the blue, thus completely cutting off communication between the people and the nobles.
But it was impossible not to notice such a long convoy. The children playing followed the horses and did not leave its vicinity, hoping to see who was behind the curtain. But the princess saw them. She had slightly parted the fabric and was enjoying the excited running of the children speaking in a language she did not know. Meanwhile, her husband, who was sitting next to her, distracted her by holding her hand. When the young princess turned her head to the prince, the smile on her face disappeared.
"Don't let children know you're looking at them, my lady. Then they'll have the brass face."
She looked at him smugly. "They are children. At least don't act arrogant towards children!"
Hugh gritted his teeth. He should have put her in her place, but their baby Philipâs nurse intervened to calm the anger between them. She smiled and called out to the princess as she sat across from her, put the baby to sleep in her arms.
"Your Majesty, in a few years your son will be running around the palace corridors just like them."
Maria smiled at the woman. "I hope he becomes a guardian of peace and justice." The word that crossed her mind was 'like Baldwin'. But she could not say it.
The nurse looked at the baby. "There is no doubt about it, my lady."
Prince Hugh was very angry with his wife. He could have given her a severe punishment, but his love was holding him back. Instead, he used his ambition for his son. He smiled arrogantly. "He will be a king in the Latin lands, a nightmare for Muslims! He will send the unbelievers to hell in this world. He will slaughter the unbelievers mercilessly. Otherwise, how can he be the commander of the Crusader armies?"
Maria hated herself for marrying such a cruel man. She could assure herself that the children's voices he heard outside had become screams of pain in his imagination. And look at the nobles who considered Baldwin a barbarian! What a disgrace! The princess was about to continue looking out the window in anger when she turned her head and caught the nurse's eye. The woman gave her no words. Her expression begged his majesty to be silent. For his well-being and peace. Maria smiled with tears in her eyes and did as he said, smiling slightly.
Meanwhile, William, who had received news that the royal carriage was approaching the palace, was giving orders for the final preparations. Sybilla had to make sure that the food and organization were perfect. The servants were arranging the prince and princess's favorite fruits and wines on the table in their rooms, and the gifts to be presented to the royal family were being counted in the great hall.
Baldwin lay on his back in his bed, surrounded by four physicians who were helping their assistants apply ointment to his wounds.
"Ah," sighed the king, "at last, my love. At last, I will be able to witness your beautiful smile again."
"Be a little faster!" But even that was tiring him. He was excited to greet them and wanted to stand up in defiance of God.
The physician warned the king, "Your Majesty, you must lie down for a day and wait for your skin to absorb the medicine. It will be more beneficial."
Baldwin gritted his teeth and spoke threateningly. âAre you disobeying my orders?â
The physicianstammered. He emphasized that he had been misunderstood. He apologized and ordered his assistants to hurry. After applying the herbal mixture to the king's wounds, they wrapped clean, white bandages crosswise, using two layers of cloth so that the skin would not be visible. Cotton fabrics in particular were imported from the Mediterranean. Otherwise, his completely covered skin would not be able to breathe and would become damp, and the amount of salt in his sweat would cause Baldwin to suffer in pain. In fact, the ointment was already hurting him enough.
One of his servants came to him with a silver cup in his hand and supported his back, allowing him to straighten up. Thus, he drank the healing water easily. As he was sliding the last sip from his lips to his mouth, William entered. He too might not have been in favor for king to welcome the royal family, but he knew that his life was short. Seeing the woman he loved should have been more important than the pain he would suffer. Who knows? Perhaps the last time they would meet would be Baldwin's funeral. Maria stood in front of her childhood love's coffin, crying heartily, and they would say goodbye to each other for the last time, and the only memory she had of him would be the metal mask.
"Your Majesty," he said with a wry smile on his face, "I have come to take you. News has come that they have almost arrived. Everything is ready in the outer courtyard. After the welcoming ceremony, you may proceed to the great hall."
Baldwin confirmed William and after the bandaging process was completed, he stood up. My God! For a moment, the King seemed to forget about the curse. He thought they were just like those two beautiful children from ten years ago. Two noble children who will live their love that has not been granted to anyone else. He hadn't even gotten help from anyone when he was sitting up in bed. Love must have been such a miraculous feeling. None of the physicians' ointments could give him the strength to stand up in minutes. The verses from the Bible that were read to cure his illness were of no use. Only his passionate longing for Maria gave him strength. It healed his melted bones and allowed his joints to bend freely. It allowed his joints to bend freely. Perhaps he would soon have the power to expand the borders of the Latin kingdom. But no! The truth had a bad habit of coming out at the wrong time. He was standing from William. He was only five steps away.
"Let's go." King said. At this moment, a servant called out to him, came to him with quick steps and held out the mask in his hand.
"Your majesty, mask!"
There's that Silver mask! The evil Witch who took him away from life. The King looked at the mask's artificial lips, hollow eyes, and metal eyebrows. He was the only person in the room who saw the mask's devilish grin. It was as if the mask was mocking him. He knew how much the woman he loved would pity him when she saw his sick body. And Baldwin's embarrassment must surely be the amusement of the mask. Once again the King was defeated. Although he had the arrogance of a king when he took the mask from the servant's hand, William knew the dramatic mood of the man he had known since childhood. So he supported the king with his words while his face was completely covered with a metal mask. When the servants grabbed his arm and tried to help him walk, he gestured with his hand for them not to come.
"The king looks quite healthy. No need."
William stepped back from the door and cleared the way for the king to exit.He clasped his hands in front of him and waited for Baldwin to come out. However, after their King left the room, William followed him to accompany, followed by the servants. It was noon. Light seeping through the corridor windows illuminated the gray stone walls. The designs and art of Arab architects were on display.
"My legs are shaking William. "This is not because of my illness," he said. He could keep Saladin and his armies away from his lands. He could win the battle. But for love, he was still young.
"I know, your majesty. Although not as excited as you, I'm excited to see the princess too."
Beautiful, attractive, innocent, seductive. Which word was more appropriate to say to the holy beloved? Which one would he choose to describe the relentless love inside him? Or were the other adjectives hidden behind these words what made his fall in love? Was it her stubborn and strong stance that made her seductive, was it her helpfulness and fairness that gave her the name of innocence, was it her white skin and wavy hair that reached down to her waist that made her attractive or was her beauty and grace necessary? There was no definite answer to these questions and even the answers that suddenly came to his mind were not enough to learn the reason for his feelings for her. The way he looked at her or the way she shyly looked away from him, he would now forbid each other. If their eyes met, it would be a sin. Then how would Maria have the courage to go to church again and ask for forgiveness?
All this was going on in the king's mind. When the horse carriage carrying the royal family entered the courtyard. The prince and princess were presented. The King was sitting on his throne waiting for them. But what he was most worried about was how he would react when he saw Maria. And that moment has come. As she descended the wooden steps of the carriage, Baldwinâs eyes went there. The years had made her a mature woman and made her beautiful. The dark brown tone of her hair had lightened, and blondes were mixed in between. Her skin was smooth as in her childhood. The cherry cheeks that adorned her snow-white face had not left her. A storm had formed in his heart, his love had turned into a natural disaster. When she descended the creaking steps and her feet touched the ground, Maria looked up at the king. Her honey-colored eyes sparkled. She had seen the child behind the metal mask in Baldwinâs eyes.
But the maid who got out of the carriage was carrying something in her arms that revealed the sin of their love. One of the heirs to the crown. Prince Philip. Maria's son by Prince Hugh. This child would have been theirs if this disease had not taken him prisoner. William expected the king to make a welcoming speech. But Baldwin seemed rather absent-minded. âYour Majesty,â he warned his king, âyou must pull yourself together. The princess is now a married woman with a heir."
William was right. He had to come to his senses quickly and fulfill his duties as a king. The Latin King stood up, holding on to the arms of the prepared throne, and greeted the Prince and the Princess. He said it was a great honor for them to be here. Because he was on very good terms with King Louis VII of France. That's why it was such a pleasure for him to welcome the future heir, the Prince, and his wife, Princess Maria. Of course, when he saw Princess Maria next to the Prince, these words he said were completely fake. Even though he knew that Maria and the king were old childhood friends, the Prince did not allow Maria to speak and spoke to the king himself. Because he knew she still love this king with the ugly rotting skin. The king could not look at Maria. Because if he did, everything would be understood. So he averted his eyes, but Maria looked at her old friend William and smiled. Old memories had gathered in her eyes and came out.
William spoke up. "Your Majesty, if you wish, we can place the gifts of the Kingdom of France in the great hall. This will provide a much more intimate setting for the gifts presented during the banquet."
"Good thinking, William," Baldwin said. "Let's do what's necessary."
After the prince and the king finished speaking, they went inside. The servants showed the nobles to their rooms so they could get ready for the feast while their belongings were being put away.
Baby Philip had a separate room. They went to their rooms with the nurse.
When they came to the room, the bathtub was ready. The bathtub was made of white marble, shaped by marbles extracted from the Anatolian Seljuk lands. It was filled with water containing jasmine essence and leaves. Arab servants surrounded the bathtub, one had a silver tray, a loofah and soap on it. The other had a loincloth in his hand.
Princess Maria knew that Muslims were very clean. This was the most important thing for Islam and they were very contemptuous of people who were not clean.
The servants took off Maria's clothes, covered her private parts with a loincloth, and holding her hand, they sat her in the tub.
A woman took a copper bowl and dipped it into the jasmine water in the bathtub and poured it on the princess's hair. The cold drops of water cooled the roots of her warm hair. The weather was so hot here that the coolness of the water was a relief to her. She leaned her head on the edge of the tub and positioned herself so the other woman could massage her shoulder.
Her muscles, which had been tense due to sadness and her husband's irritable character, began to relax. The woman's delicate fingers were moving around the girl's shoulders and neck. The drops of water that had begun to dry on her skin were keeping it cool in the hot air. She was half asleep, half awake, dreaming but barely aware of what was happening. She didn't even realize when the woman's delicate, thin fingers were replaced by thick, calloused ones. Baldwin was in her dreams. She was sitting in the arbor of the palace in Constantinople, in the gardens with their many varieties of flowers, with Baldwin's head on Maria's lap. His eyes were looking up, into the honey-colored eyes of his beloved wife. The sun was streaming through the wooden planks of the arbor and making the heavens in Baldwin's blue eyes shine. She stroked his light golden brown hair. His skin was soft and shiny, just like when he was a child, and his lips were thin and small.
"My beautiful lover." He said. But voice was not like him. "Are you thinking about me?" The girl's eyebrows furrowed. As if this was a rebellion against passing into the real world. She opened her eyes and sat up. When she looked up, she saw Hugh sitting on the edge of the tub, looking at his wife with longing. But the same was not true for the princess.
She was serious. "What are you doing?"
Hugh replied as she stood up, using the sides of the tub for support. "I thought my wife missed me." He stood up too and caressed her cheek with the back of his hand.
Maria lowered her eyes, raised one hand, and asked the maids to help her get out of the tub. But the prince was on edge against his wife's cold attitude. He watched with anger as he was left alone.
The servants were massaging Maria's body with various oils and combing her hair. Meanwhile, her assistant was choosing a beautiful outfit for the banquet. But Maria was nervous. She and Hugh had not touched each other for a long time. They had never brought each other to the perfect peak of orgasm. That letter from the Latin palace had changed something and the prince was aware of it. She knew that Hugh would use the maids to do this. Even though he knew that adultery was one of the greatest sins, the prince felt entitled to it. Perhaps he wanted to make the woman he loved jealous and take revenge. But he never achieved his goal. Because Maria could never love her husband enough to be protective or jealous of him.
As if it were a ritual, a rite, he would ask for sexual intercourse in the palace of the man she loved. He wanted to trouble her conscience.
While her dress and jewelry were being prepared for the feast, the servants dressed Maria in a white silk nightgown, the sleeves of which were wide and connected to the skirt like bat wings.
When the princess returned to bedroom, she did not see her husband. This was a relief to her.
"Where would you like me to put these clothes, my lady?" Maria was startled by the old woman's question. She answered with a faint smile on her face. "Put them where the emerald green surcoat is."
Then she went to her jewelry. They were in a carved wooden chest on the table. She put her fingers inside and began to rummage through the earrings, necklaces, and rings. The necklace she would wear to the banquet was very special. Among the betrothal gifts that Emperor Manuel had burned or distributed to the poor, the only gift Maria had saved was the beautiful necklace designed by Baldwin. The pearls hanging from the edges of the gold collar surrounding the red beryl, emerald, and alexandrite stones...
She called her maid over and told her that she would be wearing this necklace as an accessory to the dress they had chosen. The woman was fascinated as soon as she saw the necklace. "This is very beautiful, your majesty."
About ten minutes later, the prince called out to his wife, who was giving instructions to her maids to put away the clothes. "You must be happy to see your childhood sweetheart, my love." Maria was startled by her husband's voice as she smoothed down the pearl-embroidered dress in her hand. She ran her fingers over the soft texture of the shiny fabric and handed it to the maid. "The same topic again?" Then she looked at her husband. "That's in the past, you know. Ten years is a long time to forget."
Hugh grabbed his wife's arm tightly and turned her towards him. He clenched his teeth and swallowed. "For the mind, yes, but for your heart? Was ten years enough?"
Maria did not say a word, and that was an answer for Hugh. He squeezed his wife's arm tighter. The young woman groaned, feeling the pain in her arm deeply. She frowned under the pain and tried to pull away. "Leave me alone!"
The maids were disturbed by the tension between husband and wife and did not know what to do.
Hugh brought his face closer to hers. "If that's true, I swear..." he was cut off by a knock on the door.
Maria looked into her husband's eyes without the slightest trace of love.
She ordered. "Come in!"
The young servant girl ran to Princess Maria and bowed before her.
"Your Majesty, forgive me. Your son Philip, I believe, needs your help."
Prince Hugh was also angry. Were all those nannies interested in his heir? Just as he was about to attack the young girl, Maria grabbed his arm. "My prince, please! Have some patience!" She was worried. "Is everything okay? What's wrong?"
The girl was not very good at lying, she stammered. "He wouldn't stop crying. We thought he needed his mother. The mother's scent calms babies."
Hugh glanced at his wife contemptuously. "Your motherhood is as bad as your wifehood!â
Without saying anything, Maria left her husband and ordered the young girl to take her son.
The maid was escorting the princess to the room where Philip was staying. Maria noticed that she was quite excited. She had thought of scenarios such as her son being sick. She started asking the girl questions. Was her son sick? Maybe something bad happened to him and they were afraid of the prince and didn't tell her. The girl's nervous attitude made the princess even more nervous. "Stop, I order you!"
The girl stopped suddenly and looked like a child being scolded by her mother. Maria could see how frightened her face was in the candlelight. "What's the matter? You look very nervous."
The girl stuttered and pointed to the hallway behind Maria. âThis way, my lady.â Maria swallowed and looked at the hallway the girl was pointing to. It looked much more ornate than the others. The work on its door was magnificent and decorated with gold leaf.
Maria frowned. "Philip isn't there, is he?"
The girl shook her head. âNo, your majesty. Just come in. Heâs waiting for you there.â
When the soldiers waiting at the door saw Maria, they immediately moved and opened the door. Maria knew very well who was waiting for her inside. She walked through the door with excited steps and went out to the balcony with the most beautiful view of Jerusalem. The two soldiers standing here welcomed their princess and escorted her to the door leading to their king's chamber.
The soldiers brought the princess to the door and left. Maria took a deep breath, knocked on the door and entered that was nervous. It was the first time she had done something in secret from her husband. She was sure he would punish her if he knew where she was. She could not leave the bedrooms. He would put guards at the bedroom doors.
She looked around. The objects were as if they were showing off in the light of evening with sun. This was not the room he had stayed in as a child. It was his father's room and its size was dazzling. It was a room worthy of a young king of the Holy Land. Maria looked at the bed across from her in admiration. Her childhood love was resting in this bed, leaving his scent on these sheets. She slowly approached the bed and picked up the burgundy-colored pillow. She wrapped her arms around it tightly, as if she were hugging Baldwin. She buried her head in the soft texture of the pillow and breathed in the scent. It smelled just as she remembered. It was so clean, smelled of soap and incense.
The princess remembered the dream she had the night of their engagement. It was a terrifying nightmare, to be exact. She had longed to speak to the bishop of Hagia Sophia. Even though the priest had interpreted her nightmare positively, Maria was always anxious. She was afraid of the end of their epic love. And one day, those things she feared separated them until death. When all these memories came to life before her eyes, a small smile appeared on her face. However, her eyes denied this smile and tears were streaming down her cheeks.
"Is that you William? I've been waiting for you." It was Baldwin's voice, and it came from afar. Maria, with the remorse of her sin, did not want to be caught by Baldwin, and her whole body trembled. When she turned her head to the silk tulle curtain that separated the room, she saw his silhouette and dropped the pillow in her lap to the floor.
Take the pillow or leave the room⊠While she was trying to choose the right way in this dilemma, Baldwin pulled the veil aside and entered.
âMaria, youâŠâ Baldwin stood there in shock and could not finish his sentence.
There he was, Baldwin. The man whose happiness she had forgotten for years with his longing was standing right in front of her. Baldwin was no different. He felt much stronger now. He never expected to meet those meaningful eyes again. Alone. It was as if their cursed love had flared up again.
Baldwin did not want Maria to get into a difficult situation. As soon as he saw Maria approaching him, he spoke up. "It is not right for you to be here, my lady. Please do not do this to us."
Maria, on the other hand, was determined. She had been imprisoned by a man she did not love for years, and when she could no longer stand this torture, the man who was her ray of hope stood before her.
They were standing face to face when she replied, "I'm exactly where I'm supposed to be."
Her hands were on groin, her nails tearing at the flesh on the sides of her fingers.
Baldwin replied, his voice filled with reproach. "You gave up on me, Maria. I learned of our separation from the letter your father sent to the palace. You didn't care to send a farewell letter."
Maria was crying. She looked into the king's eyes. "This is not true. I swear."
"Tell me what is right," he said. "Of course you couldn't go against your family, I understand that. But what about your love? Your fear got in the way of your love, and I couldn't read your last letter that smelled of roses, is that right?"
"No. You don't know how strict my father is. I wrote you letters many times. I wanted to send them secretly, but my nanny betrayed me. That's why I always got caught. I gave up because a young girl died in pain because of the letters I wrote you. I wasn't afraid of my father, Baldwin. I didn't want innocent people to suffer because of me." The words barely escaped her lips as she sobbed.
The girl took Baldwin's right hand, wrapped in a white bandage, and caressed it. But the effects of leprosy were beginning to set in again, and his arm was numb. What a disappointment it was not to be able to feel the woman he loved while she held his hand! "Oh God, please," he whispered. He did not care how great a sin adultery was. He wanted to feel the touch of the woman he loved. He wanted to experience the sexual urges he felt for the only woman in his life, past and future, who would love him. Not now, his inner voice said. He did not want to die without being drunk with Maria's love.
Baldwin took his right arm and pulled it from Maria's hands. He held out his left hand. "Come on Maria, come with me. We have a lot to talk about," he said. Although the princess realized that Baldwin could not use his right arm, she did not show anything so as not to upset him. So they went behind the silk veil.
The evening view of Jerusalem was almost under their feet. They sat on the couch. Their eyes met suddenly. It was the first time Maria saw her friend, her love, with a mask on his face, and it was painful for her soul.
"God has given you the most beautiful design of all his creations, Maria. You took me back to my childhood."
Maria smiled. "You too, my dear. The innocent, well-intentioned child standing before me has not changed at all."
Baldwin took offense. "You needn't pity me. I have been the god-cursed king for too long."
Maria put her hand on Baldwin's silver mask. Since she couldn't touch his skin, she had to be content with this. "You're still that boy I fell in love with." She caressed the cold, hard, emotionless mask. "The eyes looking with courage and hope. That boy whose character and heart I admired, has now grown up and become the greatest king the Latin Kingdom will ever witness."
There was surprise in Baldwin's voice. "Do you really think so?" He knew what was being said about him outside the borders of the kingdom. Even Saladin did not take him seriously at first. Until he saw that the king was a formidable enemy, he didn't respected him. Still, his illness had become a symbol of bad luck in many kingdoms, especially Byzantium, and had caused political relations to be damaged. If an agreement was made with the Latin kingdom, the curse of God would be poured upon them.
"Even if you gave me all the jewels in the world, it wouldn't satisfy me as much as your love." Her lips trembled, the area around her eyes turned red.
She was trying to control herself not to cry. She brought her face closer to Baldwin and buried her head in his neck, witnessing his scent and warmth. "You are not only the king of the holy land, but also the king of my heart," she said.
Baldwin was ashamed. He had never been so loved and pampered by a woman. He could even see his mother at political meetings. It had been a long time since he felt like a man. He had forgotten that he was a man because in other kingdoms he was nothing. Muslims called him a pig because they did not believe in the same God. Andalusian Arab historians spoke of him as a disgusting creature. According to Christians, he was the child of the devil and God punished him with ugliness and pain as a price for the cruelty and misery he would bring to the world. Jews living in his kingdom cursed their kings because they were not under the rule of a glorious king and prayed for his death. However, even though all that was left of that beautiful child was a piece of rotten flesh, he was reminded that he was human by the woman he loved, without knowing what he had become.
"You are here with me now, Maria. We may never meet again, but it is a great chance that you are here with me now."
Maria tried to smile, but tears were flowing relentlessly down her cheeks and down her chin, dampening Baldwin's white bandage. "I beg you, don't talk like that! Make me forget about reality for one night. Let's be in a fairy tale. Kiss me and let us to live happily ever after."
"I promise, Maria. I'll only make you live your fairy tale tonight."
Maria wrapped her arms around Baldwin's still feeling hand and lifted it into the air. She brought her lips close and kissed it longingly, many times.
Baldwin kept his word and wanted to talk about the good times.
"After reading the letter from the French court, William and I discussed whether she could still use a sword."
Maria wiped her tears and smiled. "I haven't used a sword since I got married. Hugh says it's not for women."
"It is unfair, the land of France has lost its best knight."
Maria shrugged. "If you're not my opponent, I don't care."
Baldwin's voice was full of affection. "We can reminisce whenever you want."
Maria snuggled up to Baldwin. She leaned her head on his chest. "It's okay, I don't want you to get tired."
Baldwin's numb arm was finally beginning to get feel, and he lifted his arm with difficulty and effort, and as he gently stroked Maria's hair, she looked happily at him without lifting her head from his chest.
"Maria, my beautiful queen. While my illness cannot prevent me from fighting the Ayyubids and leading my army, shall I miss the chance to duel with you? I will definitely be ready for it tomorrow."
"I would be honored, my king," said Maria. If she had married Baldwin, she would have been queen, and in their correspondence Baldwin always referred to Maria as "my queen." The fact that he addressed her with the same title, just like in the old days, showed the greatness of the love in his heart.
At the end of this entertaining conversation, Baldwin grew quiet. There was an inexplicable sadness in his voice. "You said your father was strict. You said a girl died because of us, Maria. What have you been through?"
Maria lowered her eyes as she remembered. Her eyes were red and a few tears slid down her cheeks to her chin.
"Several times one of the young maids helped me to smuggle letters into my room. The niche in the wall where i had once kept my doll was filled with letters from you. But the day the nanny discovered our secret, father showed no mercy. "she sobbed . "The young girl was punished by the priest reading verses from the Bible, supposedly purifying herself from her sins. Hot irons, daggers and hot oil. The girl fainted many times due to this unbearable pain and her weak body could not stand it anymore. The girl died."
"I never thought the emperor would be so afraid of our love that he would slander God. No God would allow such a punishment to be given to a virgin girl."
"I couldn't write you back. Because I never got to your last letter. The last time I saw it was among the gifts from you were being burned, in the middle of courtyard." She was sobbing and repeated over and over, "Forgive me, forgive me, my love."
Baldwin's heart ached as if it had been thrown into fire, and it was because of sadness and despair that Maria has.
"If I had a chance, if this curse would leave me alone, I would make you the happiest woman in the world," he said, stroking her hair.
But Maria, angered by this statement, rose harshly from her king's lap, her hands resting on Baldwin's groin, gripping the fabric of his robe tightly. "Please stop cursing your illness! You shouldn't care what people think. And I don't believe the thing what they think God says in bible. God holds you up as an instance to all; the kingdom of heaven is strengthened in your hands."
Baldwin put his bandaged hand around the girl's neck and pulled back the hair that covered her beautiful neck. "How can you be so sure about God, Maria? Are the priests wrong?"
"Did you not show your power, despite the limitations of your illness, and become a king loved by your people and respected by your enemies? You keep a part of God within you. You are not that man hated by God, Baldwin. If you were, I cannot imagine the illness that Hugh would have suffered," she said, laughing wryly at the last sentence.
When Baldwin returned her smile, Maria could tell by the sound he made as he laughed. and Maria thought.
"I would like to see your smile, enslaved by the mask, one last time, my dear," she said. There was sadness on her face.
Baldwin was embarrassed. "You know it's impossible, Maria."
Maria frowned. There was a half-mocking look on her face. "Why is that impossible? Has the evil witch completely transformed your face into a silver mask?"
"No, of course not. But the man under the mask has already killed the beautiful boy you remember."
"Then how come I'm looking into that boy's eyes?"
Maria slid off the couch and sat on her knees on the floor, looking pleadingly at the man she loved. For Baldwin, this was the moment he had feared.
"I beg you, let me touch your skin one last time, my dear."
The healers did not yet know about leprosy. There was only suspicion in their conversations. Despite this, they made definite statements and the worst thing was that it was contagious. Moreover, the woman he loved wanted to touch him. If anything happened to her, she would never forgive herself. Even this idea was enough to terrify him and he quickly stood up. He was going towards the window to get away from her.
"No, Maria. Don't ask me to do this!" But his muscles had become one with his illness and betrayed him once again. Baldwin lost control of his body for a moment and stumbled. Maria cried out as he lost his balance. "My love!"
Baldwin was down on one knee, his left hand on the ground, supporting his arm.
He felt that the woman he loved had hold his arm to save her king. When he looked up, Maria looked at him with a feeling that was companions of love and fear.
"Oh Maria." He didn't want her to see him like this, but fate betrayed him once again.
Baldwin got up with Maria's help. There was almost no distance between them. They were looking into each other's eyes with love. Despite the illness, the fake marriage, the years that passed, their love had not diminished even for a day. They could see the storms in the sea of love in their eyes.
"Come on, let me touch you one last time, Baldwin."
"If it infected to you, then I'll die."
"Nothing will happen, I promise."
"How can you be so sure?"
"Because I have what those incompetent healers lack."
"What was that?"
"Wouldn't some stupid servant have been infected by now?" Maria put her hand on the mask. "If they understood enough about the disease to be sure it was contagious, why couldn't they find a cure?"
Baldwin took Maria's hand and caressed it. "Okay then, I'll take off my mask. But if you care about me at all, don't ask to see my face."
Maria objected. âButâŠâ But Baldwin was determined.
"I want you to always remember me as beautiful, Maria. Like that child whose beauty you admired and confessed to. Otherwise, I will spend the rest of my short life as an unhappy man."
Although Maria wanted to prove that she would love him in any way possible, Baldwin's request prevented her. Maybe not with words, but nodded, avoiding her eyes.
She closed her eyes and waited. But the king had another plan. When he left the dream queen and did not return for a while, Maria opened her eyes. Baldwin approached her with a piece of black cloth in his hand. He knew that Maria was a stubborn girl, so he had to make sure her eyes were closed. His hair, made of golden threads, had fallen out, leaving a purulent, bloody scalp in its place. His facial anatomy, which resembled a Greek statue, was now in a state of great destruction. His lips were falling apart, the bones in his nose were melting. He was not ready for Maria to see him like this, and he would never be ready. His concreteness should live as a memory, in Maria's dreams.
He lifted the cloth up and folded it into a strip to fit his eyes. It was much better this way. He could now let her touch him freely. He placed the piece of cloth over Maria's eyes, wrapped it around her head, and tied it at the back as ribbon. When her eyes closed, the pinkness of her sweet lips could be seen in all its glory. What wouldn't he give to kiss those lips? Her kiss reminded him of God's forgiving side. But all he had to do was get rid of the mask. He took it off, praying that everything would go well.
While Maria was waiting for Baldwin, the world was pitch black for her. It was like a blind man trying to witness life. Her ears were much more sensitive now. She could hear the friction of the silver mask sliding across his skin. She waited. She waited for the best moment for Baldwin.
"Are you ready?" he asked. Maria had been ready for him years ago.
Baldwin gently held the girl's wrists, as cautiously as if he were holding a glass rose branch. He could not control his breathing rhythm in excitement as he brought her delicate fingers close to his deformed face. And when her fingertips finally touched his rough skin, Maria sighed with joy. He needed to feel this warmth so much that he had finally managed to overcome the despair that had been following him for years.
âBaldwin,â she said, her voice catching in her breath. The happy expression on her face gave way to a sad plea. She took his face between her hands and caressed his cheeks with the thumbs. "I missed you so much. I had a hard time not rebelling against the fate that separated us. But God rewarded me with you for my wait."
"You are the only sin I do not regret, the only sin I will not beg God to forgive me, Maria," Baldwin said. Nontheless Maria's fingers seemed to be trying to explore the face of the man she loved. She saw nothing. If someone else had been standing in front of her instead of Baldwin, it would not have mattered. Still, she saw the anatomy of his face not with her eyes but with her touch. Baldwin's words fueled the impossible love she felt for him.
"You too, my love," she said, rising on her toes and pressing her lips against the calloused, chapped lips of the man she loved. A passionate act that proves that she doesn't care about his illness. Maria's lips were the heaven Baldwin had not experienced in this life. Baldwin's lips must have been dark sin for a married woman. But this sin was only the price of their desperate separation.
They said goodbye to each other for the last time, feeling their skin, before their love was lost in the sands of Jerusalem. Baldwin's virgin lips were alive with a woman's lust, and he didn't want this moment to end. God, I wish time would stop right now. If only the fairy tale these two poor lovers were living would never end.
Maria put one arm around the king's neck. With her other hand she felt around his body and found his hand and held it. She put his hand on her breasts. She squeezed his hand together to show him that she wanted him to caress it. Baldwin's hand was on the princess's breast while her hand was on his hand. Their kisses were much more passionate now. Their tongues were dancing on the wet skin. Their lips were in awe, as if they were reading a verse from the Bible. Baldwin slid his hand from his princess's breast and down to the curve of her waist. Her body shape had such an aesthetic. Her rounded lines were satisfactory. He almost lost himself in the complicated paths of love. But he suddenly remembered that he had to protect the honor and dignity of the woman he loved. He didn't want her to see her as an unchaste woman who was cheating on husband with another man. Baldwin turned away from her. âWe must stop now, my lady,â he said. âThis is not right for you.â He took his mask from the table where it had been placed and began to place it on his face.
"But we both want this. Or have you given up on loving me?"
He was so close to her as he untied her blindfold, he could feel her body heat. "Maybe my body will not live thirty years, but my soul will be exalted with love for you, my queen." He said. When she removed the tape completely, Maria was once again face to face with the mask that had ruined the life of the man she loved. But despite everything, she was grateful that she could look into his eyes. "Forever," he said and she looked into his beautiful eyes as he finished the sentence.
Maria's eyes got wet again. "My love is yours forever, my king," she replied.
Unfortunately, the end of this miraculous moment came early. William called out before entering. She was startled.
"Your Majesty, I have to take the princess away now."
Baldwin caressed the girl's cheek one last time. "My moon-skinned love, with eyes brighter than the sun. You gave me the most beautiful gift in the world. Thank you, I am grateful to you."
He had so much more to say, but whatever he didn't talk about turned into tears in his eyes after she left. He had to calm down before going to the banquet and pretend that this moment had never happened.
#king baldwin x you#the leper king#king baldwin x reader#kingdom of heaven#king baldwin iv#koh fandom#edward norton#forbidden romance#forbidden love#baldwin iv x reader#love#historical crush#baldwin of jerusalem#childhood love#innocent love#medieval#middle ages#baldwin iv x oc#impossible love
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The Punic Necropolis of Mahdia
The Punic funerary remains of Mahdia, a series of tombs carved into the rock, date back to a period between the 5th and the 2nd century BCE and are located in the northeast of Tunisia. These tombs are useful for us to understand the acculturation between the local populations known as Libyans and the Phoenicians of eastern origin.
Mahdia
Mahdia is one of the major cities of the ancient Byzacene region and one of the main coastal settlements of the region. The city enjoys exceptional geography and is located on a rock bathed by the sea. This peninsula, about 1.5 kilometres (0.9 mi) long and 400 metres (1300 ft) wide, is attached to the mainland by a narrow sandy strip of land about 170 metres (560 ft) wide.
Mahdia has had many different names throughout its history. It was called Aphrodisium, Alipota, Gummi (the most enduring name), and probably Pharos. Gummi seems to have continued in the Arabised form of Jemma, a place now located in the vicinity. During the Islamic period, the city took its current name of Mahdia. This name is derived from the name of the founder of the Fatimid Dynasty Al-Mahdi (r. 909-934) who settled there and made it the capital of his kingdom from about 920.
The exact location of ancient Mahdia is unknown. The existence of Punic necropolises leads us to believe that there was indeed a Punic settlement corresponding to these necropolises, but we still do not know where exactly. If we examine the relationship between the city of the living and the city of the dead in the Phoenician-Punic world, we could consider locating these necropolises at the periphery of the city. Nothing indicates that the Punic city occupied the same location as the Fatimid city on the Mahdia peninsula; in fact, the name Gummi would correspond to the modern Jemma, which refers to a place outside the walls of the Fatimid city. The Punic tombs, on the other hand, were indeed located on the peninsula.
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Oliphant
Italy, Fatimid dynasty, 11-12th century
About 30 specimens of these carved ivory horns have survived, though exclusively in collections located outside the Islamic world. The horns are believed to have been made for European patrons, but are attributed to Fatimid craftsmen working in the artistic centres of the Norman kingdom of southern Italy and Sicily. The horns also show close parallels in style and iconography to the ivory caskets made in Sicily and southern Italy during the same period. The ivory used for these objects was most probably imported from North Africa. The term oliphant occurs for the first time in the French poem of 'Chanson de Roland' (probably written 1075â1100). The poem describes the horn that Roland, commander of the Frankish king, used when he called Charlemagne (747â814) to come to Roncesvalles to help him against the advancing Muslims. Above all, ivory horns were symbols of honour and were used by dignitaries as signal horns. Ivory horns decorated with representations of animals were possibly used for hunting, though it is not known in what way.
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Happy National Tattoo Day!
Drawing of tattooed female figure 28.5 x 18 cm Islamic Style / period Fatimid Creation Date: 10th -12th c. Repository: Muze'on Yisra'el, Jerusalem, Israel HOLLIS number: olvwork539445
This image is part of FALâs Digital Images and Slides Collection (DISC), a collection of images digitized from secondary sources for use in teaching and learning. FAL does not own the original artworks represented in this collection, but you can find more information at HOLLIS Images.
#NationalTattooDay#Tattoo#IslamicArt#HarvardFineArtsLibrary#FineArtsLibrary#Harvard#HarvardLibrary#DigitalImages
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"Earring, One of a Pair"
Fatimid Period (909-1171) MET Museum
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if all the Roman rulers collectively are the 34th Dynasty of Egypt (despite not being from one familial line) then i think we should consider the Rashidun caliphs the 35th dynasty, the Umayyads the 36th, the Abbasids the 37th, the Fatimids the 38th, the Ayyubids the 39th, the Mamluks the 40th, the Ottomans the 41st, and the Muhammad Ali dynasty the 42nd, after which the monarchy was disestablished. though it would be kind of funny (and not super inaccurate) to refer to the Republic period as the â43rd dynasty,â given the antidemocratic orientation of its presidents so far
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Translated below into English
Decorating homes in preparation for RamadÄn
Sheikh Sulayman at RuhaylÄ«, may AllÄh preserve him, said :
This is from the innovations (into the religion) - putting up decorations and lights, colours, and lanterns in the houses, and other related matters, these were introduced to the Muslim world in the period of the Fatimid* caliphate, and the rulers who followed them
Explanation of "Daleel At Talib li nayl Al Mutalib", lecture of the 9 Sha'aban
Note :
The Fatimid* caliphate was a shi'a dynasty which appeared in Northern Syria (year 300 hijri) and spread to Tunisia before conquering Egypt (year 358 hijri, 969 of Gregorian calendar).
This caliphate attempted in vain to extinguish the creed of Ahl-us-Sunnah Wal Jama'ah, and are responsible for introducing many newly invented matters into the Religion - we seek refuge in Allaah from bida' (innovations).
BilÄd al-Maghrib, a few days before RamadÄn. This ۚۯŰčŰ© - bid'ah is uncommon here, locals do not put decorations up for RamadÄn. Same in Algeria. Decorating the house for RamadÄn is very common in places like Egypt and other middle eastern countries... But there are of course other innovations but not particularly during the month of RamadÄn. May AllÄh guide the Ummah back to the authentic Sunnah of the Prophet ï·ș.
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It was not only in Europe that Islam was in de-
cay; the Fatimids' and Buwayhids might continue
in the appearance of strength, but there was little
vigour in either. In striking contrast to dynasties
alternately factitious and inert is the Ghaznavid
Emirate, founded by a Turkish general (Turks had
been the staple of the Near-Eastern Moslem army
for more than a century) who overthrew his Sam-
anid master in 999 and seized the vacant throne.
The aggression of the Ghaznavids emphasized the
bankruptcy of the older foundations, but though
they were soon pressing the Buwayhids their con-
quests are part of Indian, rather than of Near-
Eastern history, During this period the Byzantines
eliminated the west-Bulgarian Empire (1018) and
reduced the Serbs? to vassalage; conquered the
Crimea (1016); and annexed the Armenian King-
dom of Vaspurakan (1022), no mean list of
achievements for a state whose arteries were a
great deal harder than those of its Islamic rivals.
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1.Jews in Israel mainly classify themselves along a fourfold axis, from least to most observant, hiloni (lit.â'secular'); masorti (lit.â'traditional'); dati (lit.â'religious' or 'orthodox', including religious zionist); and haredi (lit.â'ultra-religious' or 'ultra-orthodox').[6][7]
Israeli law guarantees considerable privileges and freedom to practice for the recognized communities,[8][9] but, in tandem, does not necessarily do so for other faiths. The Pew Research Center has identified Israel as one of the countries that place "high restrictions" on the free exercise of religion[10] and there have been limits placed on non-Orthodox Jewish religious movements, which are unrecognized.[11][12] Pew ranked Israel as fifth globally in terms of "inter-religious tension and violence".[13]
2
Most Jews across the religious spectrum agree in principle that Israel can be both a democracy and a Jewish state. But they are at odds about what should happen, in practice, if democratic decision-making collides with Jewish law (halakha). The vast majority of secular Jews say democratic principles should take precedence over religious law, while a similarly large share of ultra-Orthodox Jews say religious law should take priority.
Even more fundamentally, these groups disagree on what Jewish identity is mainly about: Most of the ultra-Orthodox say âbeing Jewishâ is mainly a matter of religion, while secular Jews tend to say it is mainly a matter of ancestry and/or culture.
3,.Roughly eight-in-ten Israeli Arabs (79%) say there is a lot of discrimination in Israeli society against Muslims, who are by far the biggest of the religious minorities. On this issue, Jews take the opposite view; the vast majority (74%) say they do not see much discrimination against Muslims in Israel.
4.Founded in 1964, the Palestine Liberation Organization is an umbrella organization for groups that represent the Palestinian people before international states.[62] The Palestinian National Authority, officially established in 1994 as a result of the Oslo Accords, is an interim administrative body nominally responsible for governance in Palestinian population centres in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.[63] Since 1978, the United Nations has observed an annual International Day of Solidarity with the Palestinian People. According to British historian Perry Anderson, it is estimated that half of the population in the Palestinian territories are refugees, and that they have collectively suffered approximately US$300 billion in property losses due to Israeli confiscations, at 2008â2009 prices.[64]
5.The origins of Palestinians are complex and diverse. The region was not originally Arab â its Arabization was a consequence of the gradual inclusion of Palestine within the rapidly expanding Islamic Caliphates established by Arabian tribes and their local allies. Like in other "Arabized" Arab nations, the Arab identity of Palestinians, largely based on linguistic and cultural affiliation, is independent of the existence of any actual Arabian origins.[92]
6.In the 7th century, the Arab Rashiduns conquered the Levant; they were later succeeded by other Arabic-speaking Muslim dynasties, including the Umayyads, Abbasids and the Fatimids.[99] Over the following several centuries, the population of Palestine drastically decreased, from an estimated 1 million during the Roman and Byzantine periods to about 300,000 by the early Ottoman period.[100][101] Over time, much of the existing population adopted Arab culture and language and converted to Islam.[97] The settlement of Arabs before and after the Muslim conquest is thought to have played a role in accelerating the Islamization process.[102][103][104][105] Some scholars suggest that by the arrival of the Crusaders, Palestine was already overwhelmingly Muslim,[106][107] while others claim that it was only after the Crusades that the Christians lost their majority, and that the process of mass Islamization took place much later, perhaps during the Mamluk period.[102][108]
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Melisende, Queen of Jerusalem, 1131-53.
The eldest daughter of the Frankish King Baldwin II of Jerusalem and his Armenian wife Queen Morphia, Melisende held real power in Jerusalem in the the 12th century alongside three men: her father, her husband Fulk and her son Baldwin III. Sometimes she held power against them, coming into political conflict later with both her husband and her son.*
The Franks had arrived in the Holy Land at the behest of Pope Urban II, who in 1095 had inspired a huge military campaign, now known as the First Crusade, with a speech at the Council of Clermont in France. The campaign was essentially aimed at recapturing Jerusalem from Islamic rule. The current rulers were the Fatimids, who claimed descent from Fatimah, the daughter of the prophet Muhammad, but the city had been in Muslim hands since the Siege of Jerusalem in 637.
According to Simon Simon Sebag Montefiore, Jerusalem flourished under Queen Melisende, âa remarkable woman who deserves to be better known.â She embellished the city landscape, creating much of what we see today: the founding of a grand abbey in Bethany, the classic Crusader church of St. Anneâs and the markets which still remain, and together with her son she rebuilt and reconsecrated the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.
Melisende died through ill-health in 1161, and Baldwin died two years later, rumoured to have been poisoned by his own doctor. He was succeeded by Melisendeâs second son Almaric I and his bloodline. However, in 1187 the Holy Warrior, Saladin, conquered the city and along with his generals, apparently ensured that the stones of the city were scrubbed with vast quantities of rosewater to cleanse it from the pollution of the Christian infidels. This period saw the eviction of thousands of Christians from Jerusalem, prompting the Third Crusade in 1189.
Notes and quotes:
Simon Sebag Montefiore âJerusalem: The Making of A Holy Cityâ, episode 2.
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Banu Qasi triology: Locations (+ Maps extracted from the book and modern reconstruction of plans of some cities of that period of time I found on Internet)
(* Some towns and cities that already existed are not in this maps, but probably were not included in the maps because maybe they're not relevant for the story, X, X, X )
Zaragoza (Ă) (although this one represents the Zaragoza from 11th century, due to the presence of the Palace of Aljaferia (Ă), although a watchtower existed since 9-10th centuries in that place, the Troubadour's Tower, that currently forms part of the palace)
Tudela, but here's a video of Pamplona/Iruña
CĂłrdoba (Here's a video with the current-day AlcĂĄzar and the Caliphal baths)
Toledo
Alaba: Ălava
Al Bayda, Albayda: Albelda
Al Burj: Borja
Al Busherat: Las Alpujarras
Al Faru: Alfaro
Al Garb: 'the west', Algarve
Al Hamma: Alhama
Al Hamma: site that corresponds to the current Baños de Fitero
Al Hamra: 'the red', the Alhambra of Granada
Al Lura: Ălora
Al Maghrib: current Maghreb area, Morocco, Algeria and Mauritania
Al Mahdiyya: capital of the Fatimid Caliphate founded by Al Mahdi
Al Mariya: AlmerĂa
Al Mahsan: AlmazĂĄn
Al Mudawar: Almudévar
Al Munastir: Almonacid
Al Qala't: AlcalĂĄ de Henares
Al QÄhira: Cairo
Al Qastil: Carcastillo or Murillo el Fruto
Al Qila: Castile
Al Qulaiya: Alcolea
Al Qubba: Talavera
Al Rawda: one of the interior gardens of the alcazar of CĂłrdoba, where most of the emirs were buried
Al Sarqiyya: AxarquĂa, in Granada
Al Xaraf: Aljarafe
Al Jazira: Algeciras
Almunya de Aisha: Muniesa
Al Sajra: Azagra
Antaqira: Antequera
Arnit: Arnedo
Aryiduna: Archidona
Askaniya: Cascante
Asturqa: Astorga
Asnad:Cenes
Astīban: fortress located in the current-day Alhambra
Aura: Fortress next to Barcelona, ââpossibly in present-day Valldaura
Aybar: Aibar
Bab al Qantara: the Bridge Gate, in CĂłrdoba, also known as Bab as-Sudda or the Azud Gate
Baghdad: capital of the Abbasid emirate
BagĂșh: Priego
Bahr AlgarbĂ: Atlantic Ocean
Bahr Arrum: Mediterranean sea
Balaga: Balager
Balma: place located on the left bank of the Ebro river next to Calahorra, it may correspond to the town of San AdriĂĄn
Balansiya: Valencia
Balterra: Valtierra
Bambaluna: Pampiluna, Pamplona
Banu Basir: Benameji
Baquira: Viguera
Barbitaniya: región of Sobrarbe, that included Jaca, Barbastro and Boltaña
Barsaluna: Barcelona
Baskunsa: place name that would correspond to the fortress of Rocaforte, which after the Reconquest, it would give to the current SangĂŒesa, located at the foot of this valley
Batalyus: Badajoz
Barbastur: Barbastro
Bayanna: Baena
BayÄna: Pechina, important trading city of the Mediterranean sea, replaced by the port of AlmerĂa
Basta: Baza
Bilad al Ăndalus: Hispania
BulÄy: Poley, Aguilar de la Frontera
Burbaster: Bobastro, Umar ibn HafsĂșn's shelter
Cantabria: mountain range that borders river Ebro by the north, next to Logroño
Castro Muros: San Esteban de Gormaz
Dar al Islam: the lands of Islam
Dar al Rahn: the House of Hostages, in CĂłrdoba
Daniya: Denia
Daruqa: Daroca
Deio: MonjardĂn
Dus Amantis: the Rock of the Lovers
Falah'san: Falces
FÄs: Fez, capital of the Idrisi emirate
FinyÄna: Fiñans
Galaskiya: Land of the galaskiyun, the gascons
Galipenzo: Gallipienzo
Garnata: Granada
Girunda: Girona
Hardaris: Ardales
Hisn Asar: IznĂĄjar
Hisn QĂĄmara: castle of uncertain location, near Colmenar and Casabermeja, in the province of MĂĄlaga
Hisn Qastuluna: the ancient Roman city Cåstulo, in Jaén
Iacca: Jaca
Ifriqiya: Tunisia
Ilbira: Elvira, next to Granada, capital of the distrit with the same name.
IsbÄniyÄ: Christian chroniclers called the peninsula as a whole Hispania. For the Arabs, Al Ăndalus is only the land dominated by Islam. They call the Christian land by the name of their kingdoms, and the term IsbÄniyÄ is reserved for the entire peninsula, although it is rarely used.
Ishbiliya: Sevilla
Istiba: Estepa
Istiya: Ăcija
Kabbaruso: Caparroso
Kara: Santacara
Larida: Lleida
Ledena: Liédena
Leqant: Fuente de Cantos
Liyun: LeĂłn
Lizarrara: Estella-Lizarra
Madinat Selim: Medinaceli
Madinat al Faray: Guadalajara
Malaqa: MĂĄlaga
MÄrida: MĂ©rida
Martus: Martos
Milīla: Melilla
Millas: Mijas
Muish: Muez
Munt Sun: MonzĂłn
Munt Liyƫn: Monteleón
Mursiya: Murcia, also known as Tudmir (this name comes from the Visigothic count Teodomiro, who ruled it by the time the Muslims arrived to the Peninsula)
Nasira: NĂĄjera
Niebla: District that corresponds to the current-day province of Huelva
Orreaga: mountains of Ibañeta or Roncesvalles
Ossa: Huesa del ComĂșn
Qabra: Cabra
Qabtil: Isla Menor (Sevilla)
Qadis: CĂĄdiz
Qala't al Hajar/Qalahurra: Calahorra
Qala't al Hans: Alange
Qala't Gazuan: AlcalĂĄ de Guadaira
Qala't Ayub: Calatayud
Qala't Musa: Calamocha
Qala't Rabah: Calatrava
Qarmuna: Carmona
Qarqar: CĂĄrcar
Qasida: CĂĄseda
Qarcastil: Carcastillo
Qasr Bunayra: Casarabonela
QayrawĂĄn: KairuĂĄn, capital of Ifriqiya, current-day Tunis
Quluniya: Clunia
Qumaris: Comares
Quriya: Coria del RĂo
Qurtuba: CĂłrdoba
Qustantaniyeh: Constantinople
Qutanda: Cutanda
Raya: district that corresponds to the province of MĂĄlaga
Rasif: A promenade in CĂłrdoba that ran along the right bank of the Guadalquivir river
Resa: fortress located on the banks of the Ebro, near the mouth of the river Arga
River Eiroca: River Iregua
River Iberus*: River Ebro
*the Iberian peninsula takes its name from the river Iberus/Ibero, the river Ebro
Rumiya: Rome
Sabta: Ceuta
SalubÄniya: Salobreña
Santabariyya: Santaver, Muslim district that corresponds to the province of Cuenca
Saqunda: village in the suburb of CĂłrdoba, on the left bank of the Guadalquivir river
Sajra Qays: Qays rock, fortress located near the current-day town of Huarte Araquil, in the Rock of Echauri, northwest of Pamplona
Saraqusta: Zaragoza
Seqontiya: SigĂŒenza
Siduna: Medina Sidonia
Sirtaniya: La Cerretania, in the Aragonese area of ââthe Pyrenees, around the valleys of the GĂĄllego and Cinca rivers. This denomination disappears from the sources from the 10th century, when the County of Aragon appears
Siya: Ejea de los Caballeros
Suhayl: Fuengirola
SumuntÄn: SomontĂn
Tahert: city in the north of Africa, in Algeria
Tahust: Tauste
Takurunna: one of the corias of Al Andalus, with capital in Ronda
Tarraquna: Tarragona
Talyayra: fortress located below Bobastro, over the Guadalhorce river.
Tarasuna: Tarazona
TÄy^ula: TĂjola
Tulaytula: Toledo
Turtusa: Tortosa
Tutila: Tudela
UÄdi al Hamma: River Alhama
UÄdi al Hiyara: Guadalajara. At first, the name of rhe city was Madinat al Faray, but later it adopted the old name of the river Henares
UÄdi al Jurs: River Guadalhorce
UÄdi al Kabir: River Guadalquivir, 'the big river'
UÄdi al Walid: Valladolid
UÄdi Anna: River Guadiana
UÄdi Aragun: River Aragon
UÄdi Aruad: River Arga
UÄdi Cinqa: River Cinca
UÄdi Duwiro: River Duero
UÄdi Eyroqa: River Iregua
UÄdi Ibru: river Ebro, and by extension, the Ebro valley. (Also known as UÄdi Abro or UÄdi Ibro)
UÄdi 'Ăs: GuĂĄdix
UÄdi Nahar: River Henares
UÄdi Qalash: River Queiles
UÄdi Salit: River Guadacelete
UÄdi SalĂșn: River JalĂłn
UÄdi Sanyil: River Genil
UÄdi Tadjo: River Tajo
UÄdi Uarba: River Huerva
UÄdi Urbiqo: River Ărbigo
UÄdi Yallaq: River GĂĄllego
UÄdi Zidaq: River Cidacos
Uakhshama: Osma
Uasqa: Huesca
Ubbada: Ăbeda
Uksunuba: Faro (Portugal)
Ulit: Olite
Uriyuwala: Orihuela
Ushbuna: Lisboa
Vareia: Varea
Welba: Huelva
Yabal al Bardi: Las Bardenas Reales, in Navarra
Yabal Sulayr: the mountains of the Sun, Sierra Nevada
Yabal Tariq: 'the mountain of Tariq', Gibraltar
Yayån: Jaén
Yilliqiya: Asturias (and by extension, Galicia). It's also writen as Illiqiya or Gilliqiya.
Yussana: Lucena
Etymology II Characters
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Another chalice in San Marco, also likely looted from Constantinople by the crusaders, incorporates a vivid green glass bowl of Islamic origin. Decorated with a stylized running hare motif, the bowl was cut with a rotating wheel, a lapidary technique commonly used for sculpting stones. As such, it was likely produced in Islamic lands: either in ninth- or tenth-century Iran, or perhaps tenth- or eleventh-century Egypt, where this technique was used. Eastern Roman artisans probably transformed the green glass bowl into a chalice in the eleventh century with the addition of a silver gilt setting, gems and pearls, and an enamel inscription. Now partially lost, the inscription once read, âDrink of this all of you, this is my blood of the new covenant, which is shed for you and for many for the remission of sins.â These words, spoken by Christ at the Last Supper and repeated by the clergy during the celebration of the Eucharist in the Eastern Roman Empire, enable art historians to identify this vessel as a Eucharistic chalice with confidence.
But how did this Islamic bowl end up in the Eastern Roman Empire and why did the Eastern Romans transform it into a chalice for the Eucharist?
It is possible that the green glass bowl came to Constantinople the same way that it eventually traveled from Constantinople to Venice: as booty from war (though not a crusade). The Eastern Romans made military gains against their Islamic neighbors to the east during this period and may have taken this glass bowl as plunder from Islamic lands. On the other hand, war was not the only way that objects traveled between cultures in the medieval Mediterranean, and there is no evidence that this bowl was brought to Constantinople as war booty. Historical documents record that glass vessels like this one were sometimes among luxury objects exchanged as diplomatic gifts by Eastern Roman rulers and their Islamic neighbors, so it is possible the green glass bowl came to Constantinople as a diplomatic gift from the Abbasids, Fatimids, or some other people. It is also possible that the green glass bowl simply came to Constantinople through trade. The tenth-century Book of the Eparch (a book of Eastern Roman commercial law) testifies that there was a market for Islamic goods in Constantinople at this time. But since we lack explicit textual evidence to corroborate any of these theories, we cannot say for certain how the green glass bowl came to Constantinople.
Materiality and ornament
As with the Romanos chalices, the materiality of the green glass bowl was surely an important factor in this objectâs reuse. The stunning green hue of the glass bowl is unusual among surviving Islamic glass work. Both its color and its fashioning with a wheel were likely intended to produce the appearance of a precious stone, such as an emerald. And as with other Eastern Roman glass chalices, the transparency of the green bowl would have enabled worshippers to glimpse the Eucharistic wine while the inscription around its rim affirmed that it was the very blood of Christ.
The bowlâs running hare motif, however, is unique among surviving Eastern Roman chalices. Many Eastern Roman viewers would likely have recognized the angular hare motif as not Eastern Roman and perhaps even as Islamic in origin. This raises questions about why such a vessel might be converted into a chalice for the Eucharist, and how Eastern Roman users would have understood it.
Art, court, and diplomacy
To answer these questions, it is important to understand this vessel as a product of both the church and court of Constantinople. Although this chalice bears no donor inscription like those attributed to emperor Romanos, its costly materials and high quality of craftsmanship indicate that it too was likely commissioned by an emperor or some other elite patron in the court in Constantinople. As such, we can understand this vessel as one of many examples of Eastern Roman appropriation and imitation of Islamic culture in the tenth and mid-eleventh centuries. Such Islamic or Islamicizing elements appear on Eastern Roman clothing, jewelry, and lead seals of this period. Eastern Roman emperors and members of the court likely adopted such Islamicizing objects to project wealth, power, and a cosmopolitan identity.
In addition to their primary ritual functions, there is also evidence that sacred objects like chalices sometimes played a role in Eastern Roman diplomacy. The eleventh-century Eastern Roman historian John Skylitzes describes how the emperor Leo VI led Arab diplomats into the church of Hagia Sophia and showed them sacred vessels and other church objectsâan episode illustrated here in a twelfth-century copy of Skylitzesâs history. In this scene, two Arab figures enter the church from the left, while the emperorâcrowned and clad in goldâpoints to a golden chalice and other church objects held for display by church officials.
So, we can conclude that the patron of the chalice with hares likely intended Eastern Roman viewers (and perhaps even foreign visitors) to recognize the Islamic origin of the green glass bowl with hares. To display such a beautiful object of Islamic origin in tenth- and eleventh-century Constantinople was to project wealth, power, and a cosmopolitan identity. If there were any concerns about using an Islamic object for Christian religious purposes, the chaliceâs Eastern Roman setting with its Christian inscription must have rendered the glass bowl suitable for use in the celebration of the Eucharist. An inventory of objects in the church of San Marco from 1325 mentions a âgreen chalice decorated with silver,â perhaps referring to the chalice with hares and suggesting that this object may have continued to function as a Eucharistic vessel even after it was transferred from Constantinople to Venice. Together with the Romanos chalices, the chalice with hares shows the important roles that materiality, ornament, and craftsmanship could play in an objectâs cross-cultural mobility, reuse, and preservation through the centuries.
Byzantine chalice which originated as a green glass cup or bowl which originated from either Egypt or Iran in the 9th-11th century. When it made it's way to the Byzantine Empire it was decorated and turned into a chalice
#history#military history#religion#christianity#eastern orthodox church#islam#trade#commerce#art#art history#carving#italy#veneto#byzantine empire#iran#egypt#venice#constantinople#istanbul#st mark's basilica#haga sophia#john skylitzes#leo vi the wise#chalices#book of the prefect#glass#communion#eucharist
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Bayt Al-Suhaymi :The Rich History and Cultural Significance
Bayt Al-Suhaymi :The Rich History and Cultural Significance
Bayt Al-Suhaymi is a living piece of wonder and happiness displayed as the finest Islamic architecture from the Ottoman era dating back some 370 years.
It is one of the most stunning and vibrant medieval Islamic buildings in Cairo, the finest non-monumental architecture found in the golden capital of Cairo that functions as a magical museum in the form of a traditional Islamic themed house displaying a rare form of impeccable skill and hypnotic charm. The artistic taste of this golden period. Everyone will witness the minds, artistic innovation and imagination of these amazing craftsmen.
This heavenly Islamic wonder is located in the Al-Darb Al-Asfar neighborhood in Al-Gamaliyya, branching off golden Al-Muizz Street, which is one of the most prestigious streets in the wonderful old capital of Cairo, filled with many palaces, mosques, buildings and shrines.
The first part of the Bayt Al-Suhaymi  tribal area was built in 1648 AD by Sheikh Bandar AL Trajan Abdel Wahab Al Tablawi  and the second in 1797 AD by Sheikh Bandar al-Trajan Ismail bin Ismail Shalabi, who also combined the two houses into one house. Big house. The house was owned by the sheikh of Turksâ Rawaq in Al-Azhar Al-Sharif, the scholar Muhammad Amin Al-Suhaimi, who was born and raised in Mecca, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, before settling in this house. His family remained for many generations in this wonderful home.
He is known for holding a Ramadan night, establishing a religious advisory area, and building a shelter for foreign travelers. He died in 1928 AD, and his house was transformed in 1931 AD when Al-Suhami sold this house for 6,000 pounds to the Committee for the Preservation of Arab Antiquities. The house was completely renovated in 1994 and is once again ready to receive visitors.
A number of excavations have proven that the house was built on the ruins of the Fatimid era. It has become a very charming artistic and cultural center that shows the Egyptian identity within the Egyptian Islamic heritage through a number of festivals that are held during the month of Ramadan by holding Shadow Fantasy, Al-Aragoz, and Tanoura shows.
Bayt Al-Suhaymi consists of a number of buildings overlooking a huge, picturesque courtyard, where the facades are filled with charming wooden grilled windows. It contains a large balcony for sitting and a furnished reception hall. It is located on an area of ââ2000 square meters and consists of two connected houses.
The house contains a number of rooms, including a birth chair, a bathroom, and some water wells. There is a waterwheel for irrigating the garden, an ox mill, and some pottery and stone vessels for preserving grain. It has a magical roof that spreads like a magnificent constellation. It contains a number of halls and rooms on each floor. At the heart of the house there is a wonderful fountain that acts as an air cooler.
The house was designed in the Islamic style, as it is divided into âSalamlekâ on the first floor, which is designated for all male guests, the second floor, âHaramlek,â which is for the Sultanâs harem, and finally, Al-Muharram, designated for the Sultanâs harem. It attracts curious visitors and has some wonderful designs and decorations on the two floors. There are a number of beautiful Mashrabiya windows overlooking the garden, in addition to a beautiful marble floor, decorated ceiling, and wooden furniture.
When you go up from the first floor, you will notice that there are many rooms for the family, and you will find that these rooms are similar to the rooms on the ground floor, but these rooms differ because they have many windows, and these windows overlook the street. On your short Egypt tour packages, you will be surprised by the beauty of the first floor rooms covered in blue porcelain and beautiful floral decorations.
There are also dining utensils made of porcelain and decorated ceramic, and on the first floor there is a small room used to store crops. On this floor there is a wonderful bathroom covered in white marble and a wonderful dome-shaped ceiling. This bathroom has a stove to heat water, a sink carved from a single piece of marble, and a water tank.
There are also two parts in this house that you can explore during Egypt day tours, one in the front is a garden with a wooden couch and many trees, while in the back there is a water basin and a mill.
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