#Europe Natural Gas Generator Market

[prenasper]

Europe Gas Generator Market Growth, Trends, Demand, Industry Share, Challenges, Future Opportunities and Competitive Analysis 2033: SPER Market Research

The Europe Gas Generator Market encompasses the production, distribution, and utilization of gas-powered generators across European countries. With increasing concerns about energy security, environmental sustainability, and power reliability, the demand for gas generators is rising. Key drivers include the transition to cleaner energy sources, infrastructure development, and backup power requirements. Additionally, advancements in gas generator technology, such as improved efficiency and reduced emissions, contribute to market growth. Key players focus on innovation, product differentiation, and service quality to meet the diverse needs of customers and capitalize on market opportunities in Europe.

[gingerofsuburbia]

BDS Consumer Boycott Targets

Everything here is copied over from the BDS website.

Hewlett Packard Inc (HP Inc)

HP Inc (US) provides services to the offices of genocide leaders, Israeli PM Netanyahu and Financial Minister Smotrich. HPE, which shares the same brand, provides technology for Israel’s Population and Immigration Authority, a pillar of its apartheid regime.

Chevron (including Caltex and Texaco)

US fossil fuel multinational Chevron is the main corporation extracting gas claimed by apartheid Israel in the East Mediterranean. Chevron generates billions in revenues, strengthening Israel’s war chest and apartheid system, exacerbating the climate crisis and Gaza siege, and is complicit in depriving the Palestinian people of their right to sovereignty over their natural resources. Chevron has thousands of retail gas stations around the world under the Chevron, Caltex, and Texaco brand names.

Siemens

Siemens (Germany) is the main contractor for the Euro-Asia Interconnector, an Israel-EU submarine electricity cable that is planned to connect Israel’s illegal settlements in the occupied Palestinian territory to Europe. Siemens-branded electrical appliances are sold globally.

PUMA

Since 2018, we have called for a boycott of PUMA (Germany) due to its sponsorship of the Israel Football Association (IFA), which governs teams in Israel’s illegal settlements on occupied Palestinian land. In a major BDS win in December 2023, PUMA leaked news to the media that it will not be renewing its IFA contract when it expires in December 2024. Until then, it is still complicit, so we continue to #BoycottPUMA until it finally ends its complicity in apartheid.

Carrefour

Carrefour (France) is a genocide enabler. Carrefour-Israel has supported Israeli soldiers partaking in the unfolding genocide of Palestinians in Gaza with gifts of personal packages. In 2022, it entered a partnership with the Israeli company Electra Consumer Products and its subsidiary Yenot Bitan, both of which are involved in grave violations against the Palestinian people.

AXA

Insurance giant AXA (France) invests in Israeli banks financing war crimes and the theft of Palestinian land and natural resources. When Russia invaded Ukraine, AXA took targeted measures against it. Yet, Axa has taken no action against Israel, a 75-year-old regime of settler-colonialism and apartheid, despite its ongoing genocidal war on Gaza.

SodaStream

SodaStream is an Israeli company that is actively complicit in Israel's policy of displacing the indigenous Bedouin-Palestinian citizens of present-day Israel in the Naqab (Negev) and has a long history of racial discrimination against Palestinian workers.

Ahava

Ahava cosmetics is an Israeli company that has its production site, visitor center, and main store in an illegal Israeli settlement in the occupied Palestinian territory.

RE/MAX

RE/MAX (US) markets and sells property in illegal Israeli settlements built on stolen Palestinian land, thus enabling Israel’s colonization of the occupied West Bank.

Israeli produce in your supermarkets

Boycott produce from Israel in your supermarket and demand their removal from shelves. Beyond being part of a trade that fuels Israel’s apartheid economy, Israeli fruits, vegetables, and wines misleadingly labeled as “Product of Israel” often include products of illegal settlements on stolen Palestinian land. Israeli companies do not distinguish between the two, and neither should consumers.

Non-BDS Grassroots Boycotts:

McDonald’s (US), Burger King (US), Papa John’s (US), Pizza Hut (US), WIX (Israel), etc. are now being targeted in some countries by grassroots organic boycott campaigns, not initiated by the BDS movement. BDS supports these boycott campaigns because these companies, or their branches or franchisees in Israel, have openly supported apartheid Israel and/or provided generous in-kind donations to the Israeli military amid the current genocide. If these grassroots campaigns are not already organically active in your area, we suggest focusing your energies on our strategic campaigns above. 

Recently, McDonald’s franchisee in Malaysia has filed a SLAPP lawsuit against solidarity activists, claiming defamation. Instead of holding the Israel franchisee to account for supporting genocide, we are now witnessing corporate bullying against activists. For both these reasons, we are calling to escalate the boycott of McDonald’s until the parent company takes action and ends the complicity of the brand.

Remember, all Israeli banks and virtually all Israeli companies are complicit to some degree in Israel’s system of occupation and apartheid, and hundreds of international corporations and banks are also deeply complicit. We focus our boycotts on a small number of companies and products for maximum impact.

[duckiemimi]

i’ve recently come across an insightful video analysis that was reposted on tiktok, explaining the Gaza situation in depth and touching on the geopolitical and economic motivations that background it, along with the potential impact from the ethnic cleansing and the active genocide of Palestinian people by zionists. here’s a summary with some links to more-reputable news articles:

-roughly around a month ago, netanyahu declared his plan for a “new middle east,” an economic corridor stretching from India to the European continent, through the UAE, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, and “israel.”

-due to the weakening of the US Dollar, this “new middle east” corridor serves as a hopeful (on their part) counter to China’s new ongoing “silk road.” it’s essentially a move for leverage on world economics, trade, and politics.

-Russia is the country with the largest proven reserves of natural gas. in 2022, Nord Stream 1 and 2 (Russia’s gas pipelines) were both blown up. sanction packages from EU ban Russian gas. no more Russian gas coming into Europe.

-Iran, the country with the second largest gas reserves, signs the Nuclear Deal in 2015-2016. the US backs out of the deal and reimpose harsh sanctions on Iran. Iran is barred from selling its gas and oil to Europe and others.

-with Russia and Iran out of the picture, “israel” (US-backed) proposes itself as a solution to EU’s gas shortages. in 2010, they find the Leviathan—a giant gas field in the middle east (Mediterranean Sea), off the coast of Palestine, Lebanon, and Syria.

-Syria initially declines offers over its gas reserves; the US now controls 1/3 of Syria and all its oil fields, and “israel” regularly bombs it’s most vital port (Latakia). another major port is in Beirut, which mysteriously exploded in 2020. both Syria and Lebanon’s maritime activity are limited, including in trade and gas exploration.

-Gaza, also having its own unexplored gas fields, has been under siege, under naval blockade since 2007. the only working port left in the coast is haifa port in “israel.” “israel” is now the only one able to explore gas and implement an economic corridor, like the proposed “new middle east.” what the US and “israel” have essentially done is killed off the competition, stole their goods, and cornered the market.

-in light of Europe’s gas shortages, to get them gas before winter, “israel” attempts to “stabilize” the region by solving “the Palestinian question”—more than displacement, they’ve resorted to ethnic cleansing and genocide. basically an acceleration of their plan.

-what Palestinian resistance groups have done in response was because they were backed into a corner. tooth and nail, life or death. it did not happen in a vacuum.

it has always been a move for natural resources; Palestine, Syria, Congo—every move for destabilization framed as intervention. it has always been greed for capital.

update:

it’s come to my attention that the video in question might have some more pro-Russian leaning stances, and so i’ve deleted the google drive link to the reposted tiktok and the link to the actual tiktok as i do not wish to platform the denial, partial or in whole, of the atrocities done to Ukrainian people. i will keep the summary up with some parts omitted because i still do think it is an insightful analysis in general and i do think the knowledge is still useful and relevant.

[dagwolf]

EVERYONE RECALLS THE SHORTAGES of toilet paper and pasta, but the early period of the pandemic was also a time of gluts. With restaurants and school cafeterias shuttered, farmers in Florida destroyed millions of pounds of tomatoes, cabbages, and green beans. After meatpacking plants began closing, farmers in Minnesota and Iowa euthanized hundreds of thousands of hogs to avoid overcrowding. Across the country, from Ohio to California, dairies poured out millions of gallons of milk and poultry farms smashed millions of eggs.

The supply chain disruptions continue. Last year, there was a rice glut, and big box stores like Walmart and Target complained of bloated inventories. There was a natural gas glut in both Europe and in India, as well as a surfeit of semiconductor chips in the tech sector. Florida cabbages, microchips, and Asian rice may not seem like they have much in common, but each of these stories represents a fundamental if disavowed aspect of capitalism: a crisis of overproduction.

All economic systems have problems of scarcity, but only capitalism also has problems of abundance. The reason is simple: the pursuit of profit above all else leads capitalism to produce too much of things that are profitable but socially destructive (oil, private health insurance, Facebook) and not enough of things that are socially beneficial but not privately profitable (low-income housing, public schools, the ecosystem of the Amazon rainforest). For over a century, from the Industrial Revolution through the Great Depression, crises of overproduction were the target of criticism from across the political spectrum—from aristocratic conservatives like Edmund Burke who feared the anarchy of markets was corroding the social order to socialist radicals like Eugene Debs who thought it generated exploitation and poverty.

But the idea of capitalism’s inherent predilection for overproduction has almost completely disappeared from economic discourse today. It seldom appears in the popular press, including in stories about producers destroying surpluses, a problem that is instead explained away by pointing to freak accidents, contingencies, and unforeseen dislocations. To be sure, many gluts of the past few years have been the result of the pandemic and the war in Ukraine. But overproduction preceded 2020 and shows no signs of going away. Revisiting historical arguments about the problem can help us better understand the interlocking crises of supply chain disruption, deliquescent financial markets, and climate change. The history of overproduction and its discontents offers a set of tools and ideas with which to consider whether “market failures” like externalities and inventory surpluses really are exceptions or are intrinsic to commercial society, whether markets ever actually do equilibrate, and whether the drive for growth is possible without continual excess and waste.

[zvaigzdelasas]

High river temperatures that look set to restrict power output at two French nuclear plants that use river water to cool reactors may trigger increased fossil fuel-fired power output elsewhere due to Europe's extensive regional power trading. France regularly exports surplus power from its vast non-emitting nuclear fleet to neighbours Germany, Switzerland, Spain and Italy, and also imports power from the United Kingdom, Germany and elsewhere as a central player in one of the world's most active electricity trading markets. However, with French nuclear power set to dip from at least two plants that cool reactors off the unusually warm Rhone river, a key source of clean electricity looks set to be withdrawn from Europe's power grids that may need to be replaced by power generated from natural gas or coal plants elsewhere on the continent.

13 Jul 23

[mariacallous]

Editor's note: This report is the first in a series on “Europe’s energy transition: Balancing the trilemma” produced by the Brookings Institution in partnership with the Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos.

Providing a stable energy supply is often described in terms of a “trilemma”—a balance between supply security, environmental sustainability, and affordability. Of the three pillars of energy supply, security is the easiest to take for granted. Supply seems fine until it isn’t. Security of fossil fuel supply is particularly easy to ignore in countries that are striving to greatly reduce their fossil fuel consumption for climate reasons. The political focus is on building renewable energy and zero-carbon systems, and mitigating the economic, social, and political costs of transition; the thought was that the existing system would take care of itself until it was phased out. This was the case for much of Europe until two years ago.

Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine on February 24, 2022, shocked Europeans into realizing that they could no longer take the security of their fossil fuel supply for granted. The assumption had been that Europe and Russia were locked into a mutually beneficial, secure relationship, since Europe needed gas and Russia had no infrastructure to sell that gas anywhere else. That belief turned out to be wrong. 

When the war began, Europe was importing a variety of energy products from Russia, including crude oil and oil products, uranium products, coal, and liquefied natural gas (LNG). But the Kremlin’s sharpest energy weapon was natural gas, delivered by the state-backed gas monopolist Gazprom via pipelines and based on long-term contracts. Europe needs gas for power generation, household heating, and industrial processes.

Before the invasion, more than 40% of Europe’s imported natural gas came from Russia, its single largest supplier, delivered via four main pipelines. Some European countries relied on Russia for more than 80% of their gas supply, including Austria and Latvia. But Germany was by far Russia’s largest gas customer by volume, importing nearly twice the volume of Italy, the next largest customer. “Oil and gas combined account for 60% of primary energy,” wrote the Economist in May 2022, “and Russia has long been the biggest supply of both. On the eve of the war in Ukraine, it provided a third of Germany’s oil, around half its coal imports, and more than half its gas.”  

This paper launches a project on European energy security in turbulent times by analyzing the European response to drastically reduced supplies of Russian pipeline gas. Future papers in the series will delve more deeply into specific aspects of European energy security and their policy implications. 

Russia’s actions to cut off gas supply to Europe starting in May 2022 were particularly virulent because it was extremely difficult to cope with the loss of such a large volume of gas. Other regional sources of pipeline gas (e.g., from the North Sea) have been declining and key sectors of European industry (e.g., chemicals) depend on gas as their primary energy source. LNG is a potential substitute for pipeline gas, but it requires specialized infrastructure and global LNG markets were already tight, with much of the world’s supply going to Asia.

The story of Europe’s adjustment to its main supplier of natural gas turning off the taps is generally told in heroic terms: with the continent securing new supply, conserving or substituting (often with generous government subsidies for industry and/or consumers) in order to weather the storm, and throwing Russia’s weaponization of gas back in its face through declining revenues. This narrative is not false, and the scale and speed of the response would certainly have been politically unimaginable before the invasion. But the self-congratulatory tale masks the fact that there were substantial regional differences in both energy supply and response to the crisis, which will make it difficult to generate a Europe-wide political response in the future. 

Even more importantly, the decoupling is by no means complete. Overall, in 2023, Europe still imported 14.8% of its total gas supply from Russia, with 8.7% arriving via pipelines (25.1 billion cubic meters or bcm) and 6.1% as LNG (17.8 bcm). (For comparison, during the first quarter of 2021, 47% of Europe’s total gas supply came from Russia, 43% via pipeline and 4% as LNG.)This means that the handful of member states that have not been able to or have not chosen to reduce their dependency remain highly vulnerable to Russia’s weaponization of energy imports. 

[beardedmrbean]

ESSEN, Germany (AP) — For most of this century, Germany racked up one economic success after another, dominating global markets for high-end products like luxury cars and industrial machinery, selling so much to the rest of the world that half the economy ran on exports.

Jobs were plentiful, the government's financial coffers grew as other European countries drowned in debt, and books were written about what other countries could learn from Germany.

No longer. Now, Germany is the world’s worst-performing major developed economy, with both the International Monetary Fund and European Union expecting it to shrink this year.

It follows Russia's invasion of Ukraine and the loss of Moscow's cheap natural gas — an unprecedented shock to Germany’s energy-intensive industries, long the manufacturing powerhouse of Europe.

The sudden underperformance by Europe's largest economy has set off a wave of criticism, handwringing and debate about the way forward.

Germany risks “deindustrialization” as high energy costs and government inaction on other chronic problems threaten to send new factories and high-paying jobs elsewhere, said Christian Kullmann, CEO of major German chemical company Evonik Industries AG.

From his 21st-floor office in the west German town of Essen, Kullmann points out the symbols of earlier success across the historic Ruhr Valley industrial region: smokestacks from metal plants, giant heaps of waste from now-shuttered coal mines, a massive BP oil refinery and Evonik's sprawling chemical production facility.

These days, the former mining region, where coal dust once blackened hanging laundry, is a symbol of the energy transition, dotted with wind turbines and green space.

The loss of cheap Russian natural gas needed to power factories “painfully damaged the business model of the German economy,” Kullmann told The Associated Press. “We’re in a situation where we’re being strongly affected — damaged — by external factors.”

After Russia cut off most of its gas to the European Union, spurring an energy crisis in the 27-nation bloc that had sourced 40% of the fuel from Moscow, the German government asked Evonik to keep its 1960s coal-fired power plant running a few months longer.

The company is shifting away from the plant — whose 40-story smokestack fuels production of plastics and other goods — to two gas-fired generators that can later run on hydrogen amid plans to become carbon neutral by 2030.

One hotly debated solution: a government-funded cap on industrial electricity prices to get the economy through the renewable energy transition.

The proposal from Vice Chancellor Robert Habeck of the Greens Party has faced resistance from Chancellor Olaf Scholz, a Social Democrat, and pro-business coalition partner the Free Democrats. Environmentalists say it would only prolong reliance on fossil fuels.

Kullmann is for it: “It was mistaken political decisions that primarily developed and influenced these high energy costs. And it can’t now be that German industry, German workers should be stuck with the bill.”

The price of gas is roughly double what it was in 2021, hurting companies that need it to keep glass or metal red-hot and molten 24 hours a day to make glass, paper and metal coatings used in buildings and cars.

A second blow came as key trade partner China experiences a slowdown after several decades of strong economic growth.

These outside shocks have exposed cracks in Germany's foundation that were ignored during years of success, including lagging use of digital technology in government and business and a lengthy process to get badly needed renewable energy projects approved.

Other dawning realizations: The money that the government readily had on hand came in part because of delays in investing in roads, the rail network and high-speed internet in rural areas. A 2011 decision to shut down Germany's remaining nuclear power plants has been questioned amid worries about electricity prices and shortages. Companies face a severe shortage of skilled labor, with job openings hitting a record of just under 2 million.

And relying on Russia to reliably supply gas through the Nord Stream pipelines under the Baltic Sea — built under former Chancellor Angela Merkel and since shut off and damaged amid the war — was belatedly conceded by the government to have been a mistake.

Now, clean energy projects are slowed by extensive bureaucracy and not-in-my-backyard resistance. Spacing limits from homes keep annual construction of wind turbines in single digits in the southern Bavarian region.

A 10 billion-euro ($10.68 billion) electrical line bringing wind power from the breezier north to industry in the south has faced costly delays from political resistance to unsightly above-ground towers. Burying the line means completion in 2028 instead of 2022.

Massive clean energy subsidies that the Biden administration is offering to companies investing in the U.S. have evoked envy and alarm that Germany is being left behind.

“We’re seeing a worldwide competition by national governments for the most attractive future technologies — attractive meaning the most profitable, the ones that strengthen growth,” Kullmann said.

He cited Evonik’s decision to build a $220 million production facility for lipids — key ingredients in COVID-19 vaccines — in Lafayette, Indiana. Rapid approvals and up to $150 million in U.S. subsidies made a difference after German officials evinced little interest, he said.

“I'd like to see a little more of that pragmatism ... in Brussels and Berlin,” Kullmann said.

In the meantime, energy-intensive companies are looking to cope with the price shock.

Drewsen Spezialpapiere, which makes passport and stamp paper as well as paper straws that don't de-fizz soft drinks, bought three wind turbines near its mill in northern Germany to cover about a quarter of its external electricity demand as it moves away from natural gas.

Specialty glass company Schott AG, which makes products ranging from stovetops to vaccine bottles to the 39-meter (128-foot) mirror for the Extremely Large Telescope astronomical observatory in Chile, has experimented with substituting emissions-free hydrogen for gas at the plant where it produces glass in tanks as hot as 1,700 degrees Celsius.

It worked — but only on a small scale, with hydrogen supplied by truck. Mass quantities of hydrogen produced with renewable electricity and delivered by pipeline would be needed and don't exist yet.

Scholz has called for the energy transition to take on the “Germany tempo,” the same urgency used to set up four floating natural gas terminals in months to replace lost Russian gas. The liquefied natural gas that comes to the terminals by ship from the U.S., Qatar and elsewhere is much more expensive than Russian pipeline supplies, but the effort showed what Germany can do when it has to.

However, squabbling among the coalition government over the energy price cap and a law barring new gas furnaces has exasperated business leaders.

Evonik's Kullmann dismissed a recent package of government proposals, including tax breaks for investment and a law aimed at reducing bureaucracy, as “a Band-Aid.”

Germany grew complacent during a “golden decade” of economic growth in 2010-2020 based on reforms under Chancellor Gerhard Schroeder in 2003-2005 that lowered labor costs and increased competitiveness, says Holger Schmieding, chief economist at Berenberg bank.

“The perception of Germany's underlying strength may also have contributed to the misguided decisions to exit nuclear energy, ban fracking for natural gas and bet on ample natural gas supplies from Russia,” he said. “Germany is paying the price for its energy policies.”

Schmieding, who once dubbed Germany “the sick man of Europe” in an influential 1998 analysis, thinks that label would be overdone today, considering its low unemployment and strong government finances. That gives Germany room to act — but also lowers the pressure to make changes.

The most important immediate step, Schmieding said, would be to end uncertainty over energy prices, through a price cap to help not just large companies, but smaller ones as well.

Whatever policies are chosen, “it would already be a great help if the government could agree on them fast so that companies know what they are up to and can plan accordingly instead of delaying investment decisions," he said.

[mrudula01]

Sustainable Power Generation Drives Floating Power Plant Market

Triton Market Research presents the Global Floating Power Plant Market report segmented by capacity (0 MW- 5 MW, 5.1 MW- 20 MW, 20 MW – 100 MW, 100.1 MW – 250 MW, above 250 MW), and source (non-renewable power source, renewable power source), and Regional Outlook (Latin America, Middle East and Africa, North America, Asia-Pacific, Europe).

The report further includes the Market Summary, Industry Outlook, Impact Analysis, Porter's Five Forces Analysis, Market Maturity Analysis, Industry Components, Regulatory Framework, Key Market Strategies, Drivers, Challenges, Opportunities, Analyst Perspective, Competitive Landscape, Research Methodology & Scope, Global Market Size, Forecasts & Analysis (2023-2028).

Triton's report suggests that the global market for floating power plant is set to advance with a CAGR of 10.74% during the forecast period from 2023 to 2028.

Request Free Sample Report:

Floating power plants are innovative power generation units on floating platforms on water bodies. They serve as primary or backup power sources for specified facilities, utilizing renewable energy sources (solar, wind, etc.) and non-renewable (diesel, natural gas, etc.). These plants offer the advantage of mobility, making them ideal for temporary power generation to tackle local energy shortages.

The increasing popularity of offshore wind projects is due to several market factors, such as the growing demand for clean and sustainable energy sources and advances in offshore wind technology. Also, supportive government policies and the urgent need to combat climate change by reducing carbon emissions further elevate the demand for floating power plants.

Furthermore, the popularity of floating power plants based on IC offers opportunities to the floating power plant market. These innovative power generation systems offer flexibility, scalability, and rapid deployment, catering to remote areas and serving as backup solutions in grid instability situations.

However, challenges like technical complexities, high costs associated with logistics and accessibility, and a shortage of skilled workers for solar panel installation limit the floating power plant market's expansion.

Over the forecast period, the Asia-Pacific region is expected to register the fastest growth. A growing population and increasing industrialization fuel growth prospects. The region is home to a rapidly growing population, which in turn drives the need for expanded power generation capacity. Furthermore, Asia-Pacific is experiencing significant economic growth, with many countries emerging as major global players. This economic expansion is accompanied by a surge in industrial activities and the establishment of new manufacturing units, creating a heightened demand for electricity to support these sectors. Floating power plants present a viable solution to meet this demand, especially in areas with limited land availability.

Floating Power Plant AS, Upsolar Group Co Ltd, SeaTwirl AB, Caterpillar Inc, Mitsubishi Corporation, Wartsila Corporation, Siemens AG, MAN Energy Solutions SE, Kyocera Corporation, and Vikram Solar Limited are prominent companies in the floating power plant market.

Due to its complexity, the floating power plant market poses a moderate threat of new entrants. Capital-intensive development and deployment, along with the need for specialized expertise, act as barriers. Additionally, a skilled workforce in offshore engineering and renewable energy is crucial. Nevertheless, government policies supporting renewable energy adoption, such as feed-in tariffs, subsidies, and favorable regulations, are vital in attracting new players by mitigating financial risks and offering long-term incentives.

Contact Us:

sales@tritonmarketresearch.com

Phone: +44 7441 911839

Website: https://www.tritonmarketresearch.com/

[beesandwasps]

Okay, I have kind of a nagging comment about the first one about Shell.

Shell is a big, multinational company, and it exists only because there are so many people who want to buy petroleum — particularly gasoline. If the demand for gas went away, Shell would do the same. It makes more sense, then, to consider how much Shell (and other gas companies) increase the share of emissions per average customer than it does to talk about the aggregate — the bigger a given gas company gets, the more emissions it will have, and they’re mostly so huge that the numbers are naturally going to be gigantic.

Now, this is actually a very messy calculation to make without doing a lot more research work than I am willing to put in, so please understand up-front that although I’ve looked up some numbers, all of which turned out to be from Statista.com, there are a lot of assumptions being made here which might be false. Without thinking too hard about it for more subtle potential nitpicks, I’m assuming that:

the number of people who buy gasoline in the US is approximately the number of vehicles in the US (that is, there may be households with multiple cars, but households with multiple cars generally have one gas-buyer per vehicle; the number of individuals who personally own multiple vehicles is small) — or, in other words, the number of gas buyers is approximately the number of vehicles

it is reasonable to equate market share of gas sales in the US directly to percentage of gas buyers in the US

the amount of profit per gas buyer in the US is equivalent to the amount of profit per gas buyer in the rest of the world

the “77 million years” figure is based on the global average, not the US average, since Shell is a multinational company

the “77 million years” figure is not already calculated into the average customer’s carbon emissions as quoted (I’ve always kind of wondered about that — the carbon footprint calculators I’ve seen always ask about your gas and manufactured goods consumption, which would mean that those carbon footprint quotations assume corporate emissions are effectively 0 because business emissions are all rolled into the figures for their customers. But we’ll assume here that this is not the case.)

In the last decade Shell actually usually made more profit in both Asia and Europe, separately, than in the Americas. (The overwhelming majority of its profit in the Americas is from the US, but even adding in the rest they still usually get more from Asia and Europe — and even in years where the Americas aren’t in third place, they still don’t go far above a third of the total). Let’s simplify and say that the Americas make up a third of their profits and the US is 30%. (These are both overestimates, meaning they will tend to reduce the estimated number of customers.)

Shell had, in 2019, a 12.5% share of gas sales in the US. (No need to round or anything, that’s directly the number Statista.com said.)

In 2019, there were over 276 million registered vehicles in the US; we’ll round down to 250 million to account for public vehicles — there are buses in the US — and those people who personally own multiple vehicles.

So, out of an estimated 250 million gasoline buyers in the US in 2019, Shell had a 12.5% share, which is 31.25 million; call it 30 million. We are explicitly assuming that Shell makes the same profit per customer everywhere in the world and the US generally makes up 30% of its profits, so each percentage of its profit is 1 million people, and therefore worldwide it has 100 million customers. (I swear I didn’t pick any of the rounded values with this in mind in advance — the numbers just worked out that way.) (I suspect that this number is far too low, but it’s a loose estimate to demonstrate my point so that isn’t really all that important.)

Now, if Shell is generating enough emissions that an average person would have to live 77 million years, but it has 100 million customers, then from another perspective it is raising the emissions of its customers by slightly over ¾ — if the average person is personally responsible for annual carbon emissions of 4 tons (the global average; much higher for developed nations), then by being a Shell customer, they cause an additional 3 tons of emissions for which they are not considered personally responsible. That’s pretty terrible, but I’m not 100% convinced that it is possible to have fossil fuel usage without figures that are just as appalling — in which case the problem isn’t that Shell is specifically Shell, it’s that gas companies exist at all. It would be interesting to patch up the estimated value above to correct for the assumptions and get more accurate values, and then to do the calculations for other gas companies and see whether Shell really is more egregious than the others; if that were the case, it would immediately justify worldwide consumer boycotts — you could immediately lower your carbon footprint, without even cutting your gas consumption, by simply not using Shell gas.

(If the average emissions figure per person includes all the emissions from consumerism, as I mentioned that carbon footprint calculators tend to do, then it means — with this estimate, at least — that ¾ of the average Shell customer’s annual emissions are purely from their gas purchases from Shell, and that’s even more appalling!)

feel free to share the truth...

[lethimfertilise]

Gamble Chips

It’s been rumoured today that the Directorate-General for Trade (DG TRADE) is expected to announce an embargo on the import of Russian fertilisers, including urea. However, no announcement has followed. Is such an embargo even possible, given today’s realities?

Nitrogen fertilisers, particularly urea, have been under some pressure for nearly two months now, ever since it became clear that the Iranian-Israeli conflict would not escalate. European customers are among those who have chosen to wait, delaying their imports of urea until much closer to the 2025 application season.

Gas prices. The outlook for the EU region remains bleak from a natural gas perspective (i.e., nitrogen production). There’s a greater likelihood of further production stoppages rather than restarts.

Yesterday, UK farmers took to the streets to protest against the new “tractor tax” imposed by the Labour Party (Jeremy Clarkson, incidentally, was one of the protest leaders). I can easily imagine similar scenes across many EU countries if Russian fertilisers were to be banned. While phosphorus and potash fertilisers present a somewhat different scenario, I find it hard to believe that Europe would entirely refuse Russian nitrogen fertilisers, including UAN, CAN, and urea.

I also believe we are entering a period of significant bargaining. It’s no secret that Trump will likely try his best to convince both Vladimirs (Zelensky and Putin) to shake hands in 2025. Russian fertilisers could very well become one of the bargaining chips in this geopolitical game - potentially sanctioned in the EU but not in the US!

#imstory #eu #europe #fertilizers #fertilisers #russia #ukraine #usa #nitrogen #phosphates #analysis #market #sanctions 

[energyandpowertrends]

Centrifugal Pump Market: Role in Industrial, Water, and Wastewater Applications

Centrifugal Pump Market size was valued at USD 40.12 billion in 2023 and is expected to grow to USD 60.18 billion by 2031 and grow at a CAGR of 5.2% over the forecast period of 2024–2031.

Centrifugal pumps are mechanical devices designed to move fluids through a system by converting rotational energy from a motor to hydrodynamic energy. With their simple design and robust construction, these pumps are widely used in numerous applications, including water supply, irrigation, chemical processing, and more. The centrifugal pump market is characterized by rapid technological advancements, which enhance pump efficiency, energy consumption, and operational reliability.

Factors such as urbanization, industrialization, and infrastructure development are driving the demand for centrifugal pumps globally. Moreover, the increasing focus on energy-efficient solutions is prompting manufacturers to innovate, further fueling market growth.

Key Market Drivers

Rising Demand in Water and Wastewater Treatment: The need for efficient water management and wastewater treatment solutions is driving the adoption of centrifugal pumps in municipal and industrial applications.

Growing Oil and Gas Sector: With the expansion of oil and gas exploration and production activities, centrifugal pumps are increasingly utilized for transporting crude oil, natural gas, and other fluids.

Industrialization and Infrastructure Development: Rapid industrial growth and infrastructure projects in emerging economies are boosting the need for reliable fluid handling systems.

Technological Innovations: Advancements in pump design and materials are enhancing the performance, efficiency, and lifespan of centrifugal pumps, attracting more users across various industries.

Focus on Energy Efficiency: Increasing energy costs and environmental regulations are driving the demand for energy-efficient centrifugal pumps, prompting manufacturers to develop innovative solutions.

Market Segmentation

The centrifugal pump market is segmented by flow, operation type, stage, end-user, and region.

By Flow Type

Axial Flow: These pumps move fluid along the axis of the pump, making them suitable for high flow rates with low pressure.

Radial Flow: Radial flow pumps direct fluid radially outward from the center, typically used for high-pressure applications.

Mixed Flow: Mixed flow pumps combine elements of axial and radial flow, offering versatility for various applications.

By Operation Type

Hydraulic: These pumps operate using fluid pressure, commonly found in various industrial applications.

Electrical: Electric-driven centrifugal pumps are widely used for their efficiency and reliability in transporting fluids.

Air-Driven: Air-operated pumps are ideal for applications requiring portability and versatility.

By Stage

Single-Stage: Single-stage pumps are used for low-pressure applications and are simpler in design and maintenance.

Multi-Stage: Multi-stage pumps are utilized for high-pressure applications and can handle greater fluid movement.

By End-User

Commercial: Used in HVAC systems, water supply, and other commercial applications.

Residential: Centrifugal pumps for household water supply and irrigation.

Agricultural: Employed for irrigation, drainage, and water supply in agricultural applications.

Industrial:

Water & Wastewater: Essential for municipal and industrial water treatment processes.

Oil & Gas: Used in upstream and downstream operations for fluid transport.

Power Generation: Critical for cooling and fluid management in power plants.

Mining: Used for dewatering and transporting slurries.

Chemical: Essential for transporting chemicals in processing plants.

Food & Beverage: Employed in food processing for transferring liquids.

Regional Analysis

North America: The U.S. and Canada are key markets due to established industrial infrastructure and investments in water treatment and energy sectors.

Europe: Growth in the European market is driven by stringent environmental regulations and investments in water and wastewater management systems.

Asia-Pacific: Rapid industrialization, urbanization, and infrastructure development in countries like China, India, and Japan are fueling market growth in this region.

Latin America: Emerging economies are investing in infrastructure projects, increasing the demand for centrifugal pumps.

Middle East & Africa: The region’s oil and gas sector is driving the need for centrifugal pumps, alongside increasing efforts in water desalination and treatment.

Current Market Trends

Focus on Smart Pump Solutions: Integration of IoT and smart technologies in centrifugal pumps is enhancing monitoring and control capabilities.

Sustainability Initiatives: Growing emphasis on sustainable practices is leading to the development of eco-friendly pumps with lower energy consumption.

Expansion of Aftermarket Services: Companies are focusing on providing maintenance and repair services to extend the life cycle of centrifugal pumps.

Increased Automation in Industrial Applications: Automation in manufacturing processes is driving the demand for efficient and reliable centrifugal pumps.

Customization and Modular Designs: Manufacturers are offering customizable solutions to meet specific customer needs in various industries.

Conclusion

The global centrifugal pump market is expected to experience robust growth over the forecast period, driven by diverse applications, technological advancements, and increasing demand for efficient fluid handling solutions. As industries seek sustainable and reliable pumping systems, centrifugal pumps will play a crucial role in facilitating fluid transport and management across various sectors.

Key Players

Wilo Group

GRUNDFOS

KSB Company

Flowrox

Sulzer

Xylem

The Weir Group PLC

Flowserve Corporation

Ebara Corporation

Kirloskar Brothers Limited

Dover Corporation

ITT Corporation

Read Complete Report Details of Centrifugal Pump Market: https://www.snsinsider.com/reports/centrifugal-pump-market-2909 

About Us:

SNS Insider is a global leader in market research and consulting, shaping the future of the industry. Our mission is to empower clients with the insights they need to thrive in dynamic environments. Utilizing advanced methodologies such as surveys, video interviews, and focus groups, we provide up-to-date, accurate market intelligence and consumer insights, ensuring you make confident, informed decisions.

Contact Us: Akash Anand — Head of Business Development & Strategy info@snsinsider.com Phone: +1–415–230–0044 (US) | +91–7798602273 (IND)

[chemanalystdata]

Isophthalic Acid Prices Trend | Pricing | News | Database | Chart

 Isophthalic Acid is a key raw material in the production of resins, coatings, and plastics, making its price trends a topic of considerable interest in the chemical industry. Prices for isophthalic acid are influenced by multiple factors, including raw material costs, supply and demand dynamics, energy prices, and broader economic trends. Over recent years, fluctuations in these drivers have made the market particularly sensitive to both regional and global shifts, reflecting the interconnected nature of chemical production and consumption patterns.

The primary feedstock for isophthalic acid is paraxylene, a petrochemical derivative derived from crude oil. Changes in crude oil prices directly impact the production costs of paraxylene, and, by extension, the cost of isophthalic acid. Crude oil markets are known for their volatility, driven by geopolitical tensions, shifts in supply from major producers, and changing demand trends. This sensitivity causes ripple effects that influence the pricing structure of downstream chemicals. For instance, periods of heightened crude oil prices typically lead to increased costs for isophthalic acid, as producers have to manage higher input costs. Conversely, a drop in crude prices often creates an opportunity for lower production costs, provided there are no disruptions elsewhere in the supply chain.

Get Real Time Prices for Isophthalic Acid: https://www.chemanalyst.com/Pricing-data/isophthalic-acid-1159

Demand for isophthalic acid also plays a central role in shaping its price dynamics. The chemical is commonly used in unsaturated polyester resins, which find application in various industries, such as automotive, construction, and marine sectors. In addition, it is used in the production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles, a market that is influenced by consumer packaging trends. Demand from these end-use sectors tends to fluctuate based on macroeconomic conditions, consumer behavior, and regulatory developments. For example, any economic downturn that impacts automotive sales or construction activities will likely reduce demand for polyester resins, thereby affecting isophthalic acid prices. Alternatively, a rise in infrastructure projects or increased automotive production generally leads to a heightened demand, driving prices upward.

Another key consideration for isophthalic acid prices is the state of global trade. Major producers are located in regions like Asia-Pacific, Europe, and North America. Trade tariffs, import-export regulations, and logistics costs can influence regional availability and pricing disparities. For instance, trade tensions between key manufacturing regions or changes in import duties can disrupt supply chains, resulting in price hikes or shortages. Additionally, disruptions to major shipping routes due to unforeseen events such as port closures or natural disasters can temporarily exacerbate supply constraints. The global nature of this market means that regional shifts can often have a cascading effect, causing significant price volatility.

Energy costs also impact isophthalic acid prices because the production processes for petrochemical derivatives are energy-intensive. Fluctuations in electricity and gas prices can increase operational costs for producers. The energy crisis observed in some regions over the last couple of years, due to geopolitical conflicts and supply limitations, has highlighted this sensitivity. As energy costs rise, producers may face narrower profit margins, compelling them to pass on costs to buyers. Conversely, periods of relatively stable or declining energy prices can provide some cost relief to producers, enabling more competitive pricing for end-users.

Another dimension affecting isophthalic acid pricing is the level of market competition and production capacity. When there is a surge in capacity additions, especially in major producing countries like China, competition intensifies. This often leads to a downward pressure on prices as suppliers vie for market share. However, production cuts, plant maintenance shutdowns, or unexpected outages can tighten supply and lead to price spikes. Furthermore, producers' pricing strategies and their decisions regarding inventory management, production scale, and market coverage can all play into short- and long-term pricing trends.

Sustainability trends and regulatory pressures also influence isophthalic acid prices. As countries worldwide implement stricter environmental standards and emission reduction targets, chemical producers face increased compliance costs. Companies may need to invest in cleaner technologies, more sustainable feedstocks, or efficient production practices to meet these standards, which can lead to higher prices for isophthalic acid. Additionally, consumer demand for eco-friendly and sustainable products, particularly in the packaging sector, can shift demand patterns. The growing interest in recycling and circular economy principles is reshaping the landscape for PET applications, potentially influencing demand for virgin isophthalic acid versus recycled alternatives.

Global economic conditions are also pivotal. Economic expansion typically boosts industrial activities, leading to increased demand for chemical products, while recessions often dampen market sentiment and reduce purchasing activity. Central bank policies, interest rates, and currency exchange rates can further compound the impacts of economic cycles, as they shape the cost of borrowing and investment for producers and end-users. For instance, a strong dollar may affect the competitiveness of U.S.-based exporters, while shifts in currency valuations can influence pricing strategies and market access in other regions.

In summary, isophthalic acid prices are shaped by a complex interplay of raw material costs, supply-demand fundamentals, trade dynamics, energy prices, competition, and regulatory factors. As a crucial chemical component for several major industrial applications, the pricing of isophthalic acid remains sensitive to local and global developments, often requiring stakeholders to stay vigilant to manage risks and capitalize on market opportunities. This intricate balance makes forecasting and navigating the isophthalic acid market a challenging but vital endeavor for industry players, as it directly impacts competitiveness and profitability.

Welcome to ChemAnalyst App: https://www.chemanalyst.com/ChemAnalyst/ChemAnalystApp

Contact Us:

ChemAnalyst

GmbH - S-01, 2.floor, Subbelrather Straße,

15a Cologne, 50823, Germany

Call: +49-221-6505-8833

Email: sales@chemanalyst.com

Website: https://www.chemanalyst.com

[123567-9qaaq9]

Electric Steam Cracker Market, Key Players, Market Size, Future Outlook | BIS Research 

Steam cracking is a high-temperature process used to break down large hydrocarbons (typically naphtha or ethane) into smaller molecules, including valuable chemicals like ethylene, propylene, and butadiene.

Steam cracking has been powered by fossil fuels, such as natural gas or oil, which are burned to generate the high temperatures necessary for cracking hydrocarbons. However, with advancements in electrification and renewable energy, the rise of electric steam crackers (ESC) is gaining momentum. 

The global electric steam cracker market is expected to be valued at $26.03 million in 2025 and is projected to grow at a CAGR of 59.42%, reaching $28.42 billion by 2040.

Electric Steam Cracker Overview 

Electric steam crackers (ESCs) are a novel approach to steam cracking, a process used in petrochemical production, where electricity replaces fossil fuels to generate the high temperatures required for cracking hydrocarbons 

Electric Steam Cracker Functions 

ESCs produce essential chemicals like ethylene, propylene, and butadiene by breaking down larger hydrocarbons (e.g., naphtha or ethane) using heat. Instead of using combustion for heating, they use electricity to directly heat the feedstock.

Key Benefits

Lower Carbon Emissions 

Improved Energy Efficiency 

Integration with Renewable Energy 

Better Process Control  

Market Segmentation 

1 By Application 

•    Petrochemical Industry

•    Oil Refining

Petrochemical Industry Segment to Dominate the Global Electric Steam Cracker Market

2 By End Product 

•    Olefins

•    Aromatics

Olefins to Dominate the Global Electric Steam Cracker Market 

3 By Region 

North America 

Europe 

Asia Pacific 

Rest of the world 

Grab a look at our report page click here! 

Demand Drivers for Electric Steam Cracker 

Environmental Regulations and Sustainability goals 

Transition to Renewable Energy 

Energy Efficiency and Cost Reduction 

Industry Pressure for Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility

Shifting Consumer Preference in the Petrochemical Industry 

Download our TOC! 

Key Companies 

KBR Inc.

Technip Energies N.V.

Lummus Technology

Linde PLC

Coolbrook

LyondellBasell Industries

Chevron Phillips Chemical Company LLC

And many others 

Visit our Advanced Materials Chemicals and Fuels Vertical Page !  

Recent Developments in the Global Electric Steam Cracker Market

• In April 2024, Lummus Technology partnered with Braskem to deploy Lummus' SRT-e electric cracking heater at Braskem’s Brazilian facilities. This innovative heater utilizes electricity in place of conventional fuels, aiming to significantly lower greenhouse gas emissions and support Braskem's sustainability goals. • In June 2022, Shell and Dow launched an experimental electric cracking furnace unit designed to decarbonize the production of essential chemicals such as ethylene. This advanced technology leverages renewable electricity in place of traditional fossil fuels, significantly reducing CO emissions and contributing to more sustainable industrial practices.

Conclusion 

The transition to electric steam crackers represents a pivotal step toward decarbonizing the petrochemical industry, which is traditionally reliant on fossil fuels. By leveraging electricity, especially from renewable sources, electric steam crackers offer the potential to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions during the production of essential feedstocks like ethylene and propylene.

Ultimately, this technology represents a forward-looking solution, combining economic feasibility with environmental responsibility. 

[accapitalmarket]

Weekly outlook: Oil, EURUSD crash, eyes on China

China's inflation, released this weekend, rose by just 0.30%, compared to the expected 0.40%. That follows a disappointing market reaction to Friday's RMB10tn package to clean up local government balance sheets. Markets had hoped that the package would involve more direct fiscal stimulus. China will probably keep its powder dry now until President-elect Trump takes office at the end of January.

Investors will closely monitor today's "Singles Day" online shopping frenzy in China for signals about the health of Chinese domestic consumption, the country's Achilles heel for many.

Elsewhere, the “Trump trade” continues in full swing. Bitcoin rose above $80,000 over the weekend, and Wall Street's leading indices posted 4.50+% weekly gains on lower regulation and tax hopes. Wall Street closed higher on Friday. The S&P 500 rose 0.38%, the Dow Jones gained 0.59%, and the Nasdaq edged just 0.07% higher.

Potential Trump tariffs are the other side of the coin, lifting US bond yields despite the Federal Reserve cutting rates by 0.25% last week. That boosted the dollar index (DXY), rising 0.57% to 105.20, closing above resistance at 104.95. Its next target is the 106.00 region.

DXY H1

Trump's victory is priced as a big loss for Europe, with tariffs looming, a potentially fractured NATO, and increased defence spending and support for Ukraine. It follows the collapse of the ruling coalition in Germany, Europe's largest economy. Markets are rightly pricing in a faster pace of easing from the ECB. Unsurprisingly, markets crushed the Euro last week.

EUR/USD fell by 0.78% to 1.0720 on Friday, just above critical technical support at 1.0700. Failure targets the 1.0600 regions, and the single currency must regain 1.0950 to shift the bearish technical picture.

EURUSD H4

The prospect of more US oil and gas supply hitting global markets under a Trump administration saw Brent crude and WTI slump by over 2.0% on Friday. WTI’s technical picture looks particularly bearish, falling out of its rising triangle formation, implying deeper losses towards $66.00 a barrel. OPEC's monthly oil report should be interesting on Tuesday.

USOIL H1

Today's US holiday may mute activity in Asia, with China’s disappointing weekend inflation data potentially weighing on mainland equities.

US inflation data on Wednesday shapes up as the week's main event. President-elect Trump's policies are priced as inflationary, and Wednesday's inflation data is forecast to be sticky. Expected Core Inflation YoY is 3.30%, and Headline Inflation YoY is 2.40%, unchanged from last month. Higher prints could see a higher US dollar and US yields and might take some wind out of the stock market.

Australian employment data on Thursday is always good for some intraday volatility in the currency.

Friday belongs to China, which releases Fixed Asset Investment, Industrial Output, Retail Sales and Unemployment for October. UK GDP data is expected to disappoint and could weigh on GBP/USD.

Disclaimer: The information contained in this market commentary is of general nature only and does not take into account your objectives, financial situation or needs. You are strongly recommended to seek independent financial advice before making any investment decisions. Trading margin forex and CFDs carries a high level of risk and may not be suitable for all investors. Investors could experience losses in excess of total deposits. You do not have ownership of the underlying assets. AC Capital Market (V) Ltd is the product issuer and distributor. Please read and consider our Product Disclosure Statement and Terms and Conditions, and fully understand the risks involved before deciding to acquire any of the financial products provided by us. The content of this market commentary is owned by AC Capital Market (V) Ltd. Any illegal reproduction of this content will result in immediate legal action.

[communicationblogs]

Green Hydrogen Market — Forecast(2024–2030)

Green Hydrogen market size is forecasted to reach US$2.4 billion by 2027, after growing at a CAGR of 14.1% during the forecast period 2022–2027. Green Hydrogen is produced using low-carbon or renewable energy sources, such as solid oxide electrolysis, alkaline electrolysis and proton exchange membrane electrolysis. When compared to grey hydrogen, which is made by steam reforming natural gas and accounts for the majority of the hydrogen market, green hydrogen has significantly lower carbon emissions. Due to its capacity to lower carbon emissions, green hydrogen has recently been in high demand. Since it is a renewable energy source, its use is anticipated to rise in the coming years. The demand for the green hydrogen industry is expected to grow as public awareness of hydrogen’s potential as an energy source increases. Additionally, because hydrogen fuel is highly combustible, it has the potential to displace fossil fuels as a source of carbon-free or low-carbon energy, which is anticipated to support the growth of the green hydrogen industry during the forecast period. The novel coronavirus pandemic had negative consequences in a variety of green hydrogen end-use industries. The production halt owing to enforced lockdown in various regions resulted in decreased supply, demand and consumption of green hydrogen, which had a direct impact on the Green Hydrogen market size in the year 2020.

Request sample 

Green Hydrogen Market Report Coverage

The “Green Hydrogen Market Report — Forecast (2022–2027)” by IndustryARC, covers an in-depth analysis of the following segments in the Green Hydrogen industry.

By Technology: Proton Exchange Membrane Electrolyzer, Alkaline Electrolyzer, Solid Oxide Electrolyzer

By Renewable Source: Wind Energy and Solar Energy

By Application: Energy Storage, Fuels, Fertilizers, Off-grid Power, Heating and Others

By End-Use Industry: Transportation [Automotive (Passenger Vehicles, Light Commercial Vehicles and Heavy Commercial Vehicles), Aerospace, Marine and Locomotive], Power Generation, Steel Industry, Food & Beverages, Chemical & Petrochemical (Ammonia, Methanol, Oil Refining and Others) and Others

By Country: North America (USA, Canada and Mexico), Europe (UK, Germany, France, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Belgium and Rest of Europe), Asia-Pacific (China, Japan, India, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand, Indonesia, Taiwan, Malaysia and Rest of APAC), South America (Brazil, Argentina, Colombia, Chile and Rest of South America), Rest of the World (Middle East and Africa)

Key Takeaways

Europe dominates the Green Hydrogen market, owing to the growing base of green hydrogen manufacturing plants in the region. Europe has been taking steps to generate clean energy from green hydrogen to reduce carbon emission, which is the major factor for expanding European green hydrogen manufacturing plants.

The market is expanding due to the rise in environmental concerns, which also emphasizes the need for clean/renewable energy production to lower emission levels. Additionally, the industry for green hydrogen is expanding owing to the increased use of nuclear power and green hydrogen.

However, the primary factors limiting the growth of the green hydrogen market are the initial investment requirements for installing hydrogen infrastructure as well as prohibitive maintenance costs.

Green Hydrogen Market Segment Analysis — By Technology

The alkaline electrolyzer segment held the largest share in the Green Hydrogen market share in 2021 and is forecasted to grow at a CAGR of 13.8% during the forecast period 2022–2027, owing to its higher operating time capacity and low capital cost. Alkaline electrolyzers work by generating hydrogen on the cathode side and transporting hydroxide ions (OH-) through the electrolyte from the cathode to the anode. The alkaline electrolyzer primarily benefits from three factors. As it produces hydrogen with relatively high purity and emits no pollutants during the production process, it is firstly a green and environmentally friendly device. Second, flexibility in production. The production of hydrogen by alkaline water electrolysis has greater advantages in large-scale applications with solar power and wind power converted into hydrogen energy storage. It is available for large-scale distributed generation applications, in particular in the current large-scale productions with alkaline electrolytic water. Thirdly, alkaline electrolyzer electrodes, cells and membranes are comparatively inexpensive with high efficiency and long-term stability. These characteristics and precious metal-free electrodes enable the green hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis a promising technology for green hydrogen production, thereby significantly contributing to segment growth.

Green Hydrogen Market Segment Analysis — By End-Use Industry

The chemical & petrochemical segment held a significant share in the Green Hydrogen market share in 2021 and is forecasted to grow at a CAGR of 14.5% during the forecast period 2022–2027. Green hydrogen is often used in the chemical & petrochemical industry to manufacture ammonia, methanol, petroleum products, including gasoline and diesel and more. Integrated refinery and petrochemical operations use huge volumes of green hydrogen to desulfurize the fuels they produce. Using green hydrogen to produce ammonia, methanol, gasoline and diesel, could help countries gain self-sufficiency in a vital chemical manufacturing sector, hence, companies are increasingly using green hydrogen in the industry. The chemical & petrochemical industry is projected to grow in various countries, for instance, according to Invest India, the market size of the Chemicals & Petrochemicals sector in India is around US$178 billion and is expected to grow to US$300 billion by 2025. This is directly supporting the Green Hydrogen market size in the chemical & petrochemical industry.

Green Hydrogen Market Segment Analysis — By Geography

Europe held the largest share in the Green Hydrogen market share in 2021 and is forecasted to grow at a CAGR of 14.3% during the forecast period 2022–2027, owing to the bolstering growth of the chemical & petrochemical sector in Europe. The European chemical & petrochemical industry is growing, for instance, according to the European Chemical Industry Council (Cefic), The 10.7 percent increase in manufacturing output in the EU27 during the first three quarters of 2021 is indicated by the January-Sep 2021 data as a sign that chemical output is returning to the pre-COVID19 pandemic levels. After the COVID-19 outbreak, the EU27’s chemical output increased by 7.0 percent between the first three quarters of 2021 and the same period in 2020. About 3% more chemicals were produced in 2021 than there were before the pandemic (Jan-Sep-2019). In 2022, it is anticipated that EU27 chemical output will increase by +2.5 percent. Over the forecast period, the growth of the green hydrogen industry in Europe is being directly supported by the rising production of chemicals and petrochemicals. Numerous green hydrogen projects are also expected to start in Europe. For instance, a 500MW green hydrogen facility, one of Europe’s largest single-site renewable H2 projects, is planned for construction at the Portuguese port of Sines by 2025. Germany invested $1 billion in a funding plan to support green hydrogen in December 2021 as the new government aims to increase investment in climate protection. such green hydrogen projects in the area are projected to further support the European green hydrogen market size over the coming years.

BUY Now

Green Hydrogen Market Drivers

Increasing Investments in Establishing Green Hydrogen Plants:

Governments from several industrialized nations are stepping up efforts to build green hydrogen infrastructure. Infrastructure growth will enable producers to increase their capacity and reach, which will help them lower the cost of green hydrogen. For the development of an ecosystem that accepts green hydrogen as an alternative fuel, the participation of the governments of the respective countries is extremely important. Oil India Limited (OIL), a major player in exploration and production, officially opened “India’s first 99.999 percent pure” green hydrogen plant in Assam in April 2022. The installed capacity of the solar-powered pump station is 10 kg of hydrogen per day. The UK Government first announced plans to create a hydrogen village by 2025 and a hydrogen neighborhood by 2023 in November 2020 as part of the Ten-Point Plan for a Green Industrial Revolution. The UK government announced in April 2022 that it would establish a hydrogen village by the year 2025, the same day that First Hydrogen unveiled its selection of four English locations for green hydrogen production projects. Berlin’s H2Global initiative, which provides a path to market for sizable renewable hydrogen facilities worldwide, is approved by the European Commission in December 2021. The European Commission has approved a €900 million (US$1 billion) plan to subsidize the production of green hydrogen in non-EU nations for import into Germany under EU state aid regulations. The development of such infrastructure is facilitating the manufacturers to expand their reach and capacity, which will assist them in expanding the manufacturing base, thereby driving the market expansion.

Bolstering Demand for Green Hydrogen from Transportation Sector:

The world is getting ready to change the way it moves as it moves toward net zero-emission goals. Vehicles that use hydrogen directly in fuel cells or internal combustion engines are being developed by the transportation sector. Vehicles powered by hydrogen have already been created and are being used in a few sectors in Europe, Asia and North America. A prime example is the Toyota Mirai, a green hydrogen-based advanced fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) that was introduced by Indian Union Minister Nitin Gadkari in March 2022. This project is a first of its kind in India and aims to develop a market for such vehicles. It is one of the best zero-emission options and is powered by hydrogen. In August 2021, Small forklifts powered by hydrogen fuel cells will be developed, according to a plan unveiled by Hyundai Construction Equipment Co. By 2023, the Hyundai Genuine Co. subsidiary and S-Fuelcell Co., a local manufacturer of hydrogen fuel cells, plan to commercialize the 1–3 tonne forklifts. The U.K.-based startup Tevva debuted a hydrogen-electric heavy goods vehicle in July 2022, becoming the most recent business to enter a market where multinational corporations like Daimler Truck and Volvo are showing interest. The hydrogen tanks will need to be refilled in 10 minutes and it will take five to six hours to fully charge the battery. The first hydrogen-electric truck produced by the company weighs 7.5 tonnes, with later versions expected to weigh 12 and 19 tonnes. The countries are planning to more than double the number of such hydrogen-based vehicles in the future, which is anticipated to be a driver for the green hydrogen market during the forecast period.

Green Hydrogen Market Challenges

High Initial Cost of Green Hydrogen:

The initial costs associated with producing green hydrogen are very high and the inability to transport and store it adds to the material’s cost. Hydrogen energy storage is a pricey process when compared to other fossil fuels. In processes like liquefaction, liquid hydrogen is used as an energy carrier because it has a higher density than gaseous hydrogen. The mechanical plant used in this mode of operation has a very intricate working and functioning system. Thus, this raises overall expenses. While transporting green hydrogen presents additional economic and safety challenges, the fixed cost necessary to set up the production plant is only half the challenge. According to the Columbia Climate School, the issue is that green hydrogen is currently three times more expensive in the United States than natural gas. Additionally, the cost of electrolysis makes producing green hydrogen much more expensive than producing grey or blue hydrogen, even though the cost of electrolyzers is decreasing as production increases. Gray hydrogen currently costs about €1.50 ($1.84) per kilogram, blue hydrogen costs between €2 and €3 and green hydrogen costs between €3.50 and €6 per kilogram. As a result, the high initial cost of green hydrogen is expected to be one of the major factors limiting the Green Hydrogen market growth.

[chrismcdonald423]

Europe Data Center Generator Market Landscape 2024-2029

The Europe data center generator market by investment is expected to grow at a CAGR of 8.33% from 2023 to 2029.

KEY HIGHLIGHTS

Data centers in the Europe data center generator market are increasingly turning to Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO) as a cleaner alternative to diesel for backup power. Notable examples include Green Mountain's 14 MW facility in the UK and AWS's Dublin and Sweden data centers, which began transitioning to HVO in 2023. This shift aligns with the industry's drive toward net-zero emissions.

New policies like the UK's Low Carbon Hydrogen Standard, introduced in 2023, are prompting data centers to adopt greener technologies. These regulations are influencing operational strategies, with more operators exploring hydrogen and renewable-based solutions to meet evolving emissions standards across Europe.

The EU Green Deal and local emission regulations are pushing data centers to invest in low-carbon backup generators. For example, Luxembourg's data center, acquired by Arcus Infrastructure Partners in December 2023, was designed with HVO-powered generators to comply with energy efficiency standards, aligning with the EU's 2050 climate neutrality goals.

SEGMENTATION INSIGHTS

Diesel remains the most common generator type for backup in the Europe data center generator market, with continued widespread use in 2023. For example, Equinix’s BX1 Bordeaux facility employs multiple diesel generators.

Fuel cells are currently being tested and implemented in various data centers as part of a shift towards more sustainable energy solutions. For instance, in 2023, NorthC installed Europe’s first green hydrogen-powered emergency backup system at its Groningen facility, while Microsoft is actively testing hydrogen fuel cells in its Dublin data centers, aiming to replace traditional generators.

Segmentation by System Capacity

0–1.5 MW

1.5–3 MW

>=3 MW

Segmentation by System

DRUPS Systems

Diesel, Gas & Bi-fuel Generators

HVO Fuel

Fuel Cells

Segmentation by Tier Standard

Tier I & II

Tier III

Tier IV

REGIONAL ANALYSIS

Western Europe has been at the forefront of the transition toward sustainable data center operations in the Europe data center generator market. Countries like the United Kingdom, Germany, and France are leading the charge by introducing stricter environmental regulations, incentivizing the use of renewable fuels such as Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO), and pushing for carbon neutrality. Notable advancements include the integration of HVO-powered generators in large-scale facilities, such as AWS's Dublin and Sweden data centers and Green Mountain's new 14 MW facility in Romford, UK. The growing adoption of biofuels is driven by policies such as the EU Green Deal and national regulations like Germany's 2024 energy transition plan, which incentivize the replacement of diesel generators with hydrogen and battery storage systems.

While the Nordics have a highly reliable electricity grid, primarily powered by renewables, this poses a challenge for the traditional data center generator market. The reliance on hydropower and wind energy significantly reduces the need for diesel or gas generators. Many data centers are opting for renewable energy-based backup systems or exploring advanced energy storage solutions like battery backups. The push for microgrid systems, which utilize renewables and can operate independently from the main grid, is also gaining traction.

Central and Eastern Europe, particularly Russia and Poland, are highly sensitive to geopolitical risks, which have heightened the need for energy security. The region has experienced disruptions in energy supply due to political tensions and conflicts, making reliable backup power systems critical for data center operations. This has resulted in a surge in demand for diesel and natural gas-powered generators to ensure continuous uptime during grid failures and supports the Europe data center generator market growth.

Segmentation by Geography

Western Europe

The U.K.

Germany

France

Netherlands

Ireland

Switzerland

Italy

Spain

Belgium

Other Western European Countries

Nordics

Sweden

Denmark

Norway

Finland & Iceland

Central & Eastern Europe

Russia

Poland

Other Central & Eastern Europe

VENDOR LANDSCAPE

Major operators are collaborating with energy firms to integrate biofuels into their backup power systems. In January 2023, Digital Realty partnered with Repsol in Spain to use biofuel for backup generators. This is part of a larger industry effort to reduce environmental impact and move away from traditional diesel, supported by initiatives like Kohler's HVO-powered factory in France.

Data centers are increasingly adopting automation and remote monitoring technologies to enhance operational efficiency and sustainability. Equinix, for instance, integrated Machine Learning (ML) into its data centers in 2023 to monitor power systems and generators. AI and robotic systems are expected to continue transforming data center operations, reducing manual oversight.

With rising digitalization and energy demands, European data centers are experiencing more power outages. For example, Microsoft's data center in the Netherlands faced an outage in October 2023 during a switch from grid power to backup generators.

Key Vendor Profiles

ABB

Caterpillar

Cummins

Generac Power Systems

HITEC Power Protection

KOHLER

Rolls-Royce

Yanmar (HIMOINSA)

Other Prominent Vendors

Atlas Copco

Ausonia

Enrogen

FG Wilson

Perkins Engines

PRAMAC

HITZINGER Electric Power

INMESOL

Vital Power

Sustainable Generator Providers

Genesal Energy

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries

Mainspring

INNIO

Aggreko

Aksa Power Generation

JCB

KEY QUESTIONS ANSWERED:

1. How big is the Europe data center generator market?

2. What is the growth rate of the Europe data center generator market?

3. How much MW of power capacity is expected to reach the Europe data center generator market by 2029?

Author Bio:

Chris McDonald is the Manager at Complete Connection, where he leads the development of cutting-edge solutions in web application development and emerging technologies like Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces (RIS). He regularly writes about advancements in technology and how they can transform industries. If you’re interested in contributing your insights, visit our Write for Us Technology page to learn more about submitting guest articles on the latest in web development and tech innovations.