#El adjective endings rules

[deutschhaven]

Declension Of Adjectives In German

The most interesting thing about German Adjectives isn’t just that they are voluminous but that they may also be declined which in turn makes them complex irrespective of their forms i.e whether they are basic, comparative and superlative Adjectives or those that are derived from either Partizip I or Partizip II. This declension of German Adjectives usually follows a definite pattern which has…

[spanishskulduggery]

I forgot how long the game is because I'm still not there yet, but I am seeing a lot more gender neutral language in Dragon Age than I thought there would be even from side characters and NPCs

So far it's a lot of elle and using les which I don't know if I expected because I'm used to seeing les as the indirect object

In other words, definite articles are el, la, los, las... but for gender neutral people I'm seeing le and les which uses the gender neutral E

As an example someone mentioned les enemigues as "the (gender neutral) enemies"; I don't know if this is a quirk of the game but the non-binary characters tend to use the gender neutral E for all things, while the cis characters tend towards los/las etc but will use elle for non-binary people - in other words, the non-binary characters seem to treat every group as possibly being of indeterminate gender, while the cis characters use the standard rules (like los enemigos "the enemies" is considered standard; but it is masculine plural as a group of men or mixed gender) while being respectful of individuals

I don't know if it's a limitation of the translation, or an added sort of a quirk (like someone non-binary is maybe more aware of gendered language than others), but it's been interesting to see

There's also one character that is the "governor" and so their title is written as le gobernadore [le normally is indirect objects; here it's gender neutral definite article], and particularly interesting because I did wonder how it would work with titles/adjectives ending in -R

Though it does still trip me up every so often because it looks like French or Italian sometimes

I'll address it more with screenshots when I'm there because it is interesting and not something I learned in school so I can understand the rules intuitively but it's more of a recent language development

[max1461]

In reference to this.

Ok, here's the breakdown. Languages will be color coded as follows: English, Spanish, Japanese, Sanskrit, Latin. The rule is: every phrase must be formed by a structurally valid syntactic rule in some language. So, for instance, English transitive VPs have the shape V NP. This means I can pick an English V and a valid NP from any language and mix them together, and that will be valid (in this game). I could say "I eat el burrito", because "el burrito" is a valid Spanish NP, and "eat" is an English verb. Etc. Mix and match languages, but always keep the tree coherent!

Anyway:

boku wa es posible hablar en nihongo to supeingo no kongou. konna kongou de los idiomas sukoshi difícil da kedo omoshiroi ne

"For me it's possible to speak in a mixture of Spanish and Japanese. This mixture of languages is a little bit difficult, but it's entertaining isn't it?"

probablemente riyuu wa (boku ni totte) japones y supeingo no fonología es muy similar, soshite kongou suru no ga natural...

"Probably the reason is that (to me) Japanese and Spanish phonology is very similar, so mixing them is natural..."

saṃskṛtam mo iretai kedo mi capacidad saṃskṛtasya tarinai ndarou

"I would like to add Sanskrit too, but my ability in Sanskrit isn't sufficient I don't think"

Estne Nīlus in Iaponia? Nīlus in Iaponia ja nai. Nīlus afurika ni aru.

"Is the Nile in Japan? The Nile is not in Japan. The Nile is in Africa."

(This is a reference to Lingua Latina by Hans Ørberg, and also probably the most complicated thing I can actually say in Latin)

@hacvek says: marius et ludovicus in iaponia sunt desu

"Mario and Luigi are are [sic] in Japan."

I say:

sore nōn tadashii! kono gēmu no rūru wa, todos los phrases must be produced aru gengo no valid syntactic rule wo tsukatte! "marius et ludovicus in iaponia sunt" VP (o TP?) est! nihongo ni wa [CP -> VP desu] grammatical ja nai yo! es shinpuru!

"marius et ludovicus iaponia ni iru" toka no hou ga bueno.

"That's not right! The rule of this game is that all the phrases must be produced using a valid syntactic rule from some language. 'Marius et ludovicus in iaponia sunt' is a VP (or TP?). In Japanese, [CP -> VP desu] is not grammatical! It's simple!

'Marius et ludovicus iaponia ni iru' or something would be better."

morphology de 'sobur omoshiravir darou... maryaśca lvigyō nihoni...

"It would be interesting play [sic] with morphology too... Mario and Luigi are in Japan..."

Here I'm trying, (and maybe succeeding?) to apply Sanskrit nominal morphology and sandhi rules to Japanese. Like, "omoshiroi" is an adjective, so it gets a Sanskrit case ending (in this case the nominative -ḥ). But then sandhi applies, and that -ḥ becomes -r due to the following voiced consonant, plus the sequence /oi/ becomes [avi]. Mutatis mutandis for the rest of these.

@fieldsplitting says: mundus super marii mittsu no bubun ni omnia divisimasu: marius to ludovicusque bufo

"The world of Mario divides a whole [sic] in three parts: Mario and Luigi and Toad."

I say: mahat sugaviḥ

"Greatly amazing"

(attempted Sanskritification of "meccha sugoi")

Second-to-last one ni mondai ga aru; "morphology de 'sobutum omoshiravir darou" sería correcto ndarou.

"There is a problem in the second-to-last one; 'morphology de 'sobutum omoshiravir darou' would be correct I think."

(I messed up the Sanskrit part the first time)

Anyway, there are almost certainly errors in this that I didn't catch. First because I'm not very good and Sanskrit and really not very good at Latin, and second because this is just kind of hard to do in general. But like I said, it is fun! Anyway, feel free to point out any errors if you see them.

[blankdotcom]

Why I believe it makes the most sense for El to end up single (and why she was in a relationship in the first place)

To start off an analysis I like to just take a look at the internal conflict of a character because this explains lots of their actions. An internal conflict is a characters personal struggles with their fears or flaws. This internal conflict is not always resolved, but most of the times it is. Now before I say what I believe Elevens internal conflict is, even if I am accurate the writers might decide to not resolve this conflict for whatever reason, so just keep in mind that this is just a theory 👍

From what I’ve seen since Season 1 to Season 4, Elevens internal conflict has been been isolated from the world and lacking skills she would have and should have learnt at a young age (i’m sure there is an adjective that describes that but i do not remember so i’m sticking with that).

Eleven was thrown in a lab like an experiment ever since she was first born. She was isolated from the real world and stuck in a lab where she wasn’t treated like a real human but like a prisoner or patient. She never learnt how to communicate, read, or anything else a child should be learning, especially when they’re at school age. She had never seen outside.

So when she escaped the lab, that was the first time she saw the real world, and like any child who sees something they’re unfamiliar with, she was scared. All she ever knew was the lab.

So when she stumbles across a trio of boys and one of them takes her into his house for shelter, it’s pretty natural she grows dependent on him. And that just so happened to be Mike.

It was Mike who teaches her how to speak, gives her clothes, you know, treats her like a human being. But the thing is that wasn’t the norm to El, so this behaviour seemed wayyy above the standards. To her, he appeared to be treating her special. Expect Mike was just doing what he thought was right, what he thought was the standard.

Also, little reminder that Eleven never had friends, let alone a boyfriend. In fact, she didn’t even know what a friend was until Mike explained it to her, so I think it’s okay to assume she did not know the difference between platonic feelings and romantic feelings for someone.

And since Mike had helped her so much and because she depended on him so much for knowledge on things, whether that be social or just intelligence, she assumed what she felt was romantic.

I think where we can see this the clearest is in Season 3. In this season Eleven branches out in terms of friendship, creating a bond with Max.

The very moment Max starts to teach her independent thinking like “You make your own rules”, lets her have more freedom to explore on her own, like in the mall, give her comics (reading), she dumps Mike.

She does this because she doesn’t need him anymore, she doesn’t have anything to depend on him for, she can do it herself or get Max to help her.

Now I’m not saying El doesn’t actually love Mike, because you obviously form a bond with the person who saved you in the middle of the forest and took you in, what I’m saying is that it’s not romantic love, it’s platonic love.

This moment where she’s becoming independent could have resolved her internal conflict, but then she had to move states and with unfamiliar environments come old familiar habits, which in this case was getting back together with Mike.

But in Season 4 Eleven starts going to school, finally learning English, Math, etc. (I’d like to point out her struggle with making friends does contribute to what i speculate her internal conflict is). She also still has all the things Max taught her. So I think this is why Eleven was more comfortable fighting with Mike and standing up for herself, because she doesn’t depend on him anymore like she used to.

Now for Season 5, I honestly don’t know how this would play out expect for the fact she would end up single to resolve this internal conflict. How that happens? How she acts towards Mike? I have no clue👍 But I would love to hear other people’s opinions on this

[corvid-language-library]

Norwegian Bokmål for Total Beginners (January 2024 Crash Course)

21. Common Adjectives

Welcome to another day of Norwegian! I hope your studies are going well. Today we're looking at some basic adjectives:

ung/ungt/unge - young

gammel/gammelt/gamle - old

ny/nytt/nye - new

fin/fint/fine - nice, fine

god/godt/gode, bra - good

dårlig/dårlige - bad

lang/langt/lange - long

kort/korte - short (distance)

høy/høyt/høye - high, tall (height)

lav/lavt/lave - low, short (height)

liten/lita/lite/små/lille - small, little

stor/stort/store - big

Grammar: Declining Adjectives

We've talked about grammatical gender before and how adjectives are affected by this:

en gammel mann (an old man)

et nytt tog (a new train)

store lastebiler (big lorries)

For a recap, have a look at day 8's Colours lesson.

Unfortunately, there is no "one size fits all" rule for declining adjectives. As with everything, you'll get a feel for it as you go along, so don't panic if you don't get it all today. Here are a few rules:

To make an adjective neuter, add -t. To make it plural, add -e

Adjectives ending in -sk and -ig don't add -t in the neuter form. But they do add -e in the plural form.

Adjectives that end in consonant + t/d don't get an extra -t in the neuter form

Adjectives ending in -el, -er or -en lose the e in the plural form (gammel -> gamle)

^Adjectives with a double consonant before -el, -er or -en also lose one of those consonants

Short adjectives that don't end in 'e' usually add -tt in the neuter (blå -> blått, grå -> grått, ny -> nytt). With the exception of ny, you don't normally add 'e' in the plural form with these adjectives (you can, but it's mor common not to)

Adjectives ending in -a or -e often don't change forms (rosa, bra, oransje, ekte)

There are a couple of other rules, but we can look at them later when you learn more adjectives. If you're ever unsure, go to ordbøkene.no and look up the word, then click on 'vis bøyning' to check the declension.

Liten

Liten is an irregular adjective in many ways. It's one of very few adjectives that has a separate feminine form, as well as a totally different plural form and a totally different definite form. These are as follows:

Masculine: liten (en liten bil = a small car)

Feminine: lita (ei lita gulrot = a small carrot)

Neuter: lite (et lite hus = a small house) [rarely: smått]

Plural: små (små sykler = small bicyles)

Definite: lille (den lille flaska = the small bottle) [rarely: vesle]

[sayitaliano]

Find the correct answer-Italian exercise

Choose the correct Italian translation of each of the following English words/sentences and check your answer under the keep reading link.

1. the cat A lo gatto B il gatto C i gatto D li gatto

2. the backpack A il zaino B la zaino C lo zaino D el zaino

3. I go to school A Io vado a scuola B Io vado alla scuola C Io vado a la scuola D Io vado dalla scuola

4. My brother is tall A Il mio fratello è alto B Lo fratello mio è l'alto C Lo mio fratello è alto D Mio fratello è alto

5. I am 26 years old A Sono 26 anni B Ho 26 anni C Sono vecchio/a 26 anni D Ho anni 26

6. I have a dog A Io ho un cane B Io ho cane uno C Io ho lo cane D Io ho uno cane

7. You are funny (M) A Tu è simpatico B Tu ha simpatici C Tu sei simpatico D Tu sono simpatico

8. I am Italian (F) A Io è italiana B Io soni italiani C Io son italiane D Io sono italiana

9. My mother is French A La mia madre è francese B Mia madre è francese C Le mia madre è francesa D Il mia madre è francesa

10. My uncle has a cat A Mio zio ha un gatto B Il mio zio ha un gatto C Lo mio zio ha uno gatto D Mio zio ha lo uno gatto

....

ANSWERS:

1.B 2.C 3*.A 4.D 5.B 6*.A 7**.C /"Tu sei simpatica" is as correct depends on any gender the speaker recognize themsleves in (if any... Italian language is sadly pretty "genderized" -to avoid this, you can add "persona" and use the feminine attribute that work with this noun which actually has no real gender: anyone is a persona =person, the gender is only for the noun itself, cause it ends in -a: "tu sei una persona simpatica" could be said to anyone) 8*.D /"Io sono italiano" is as correct (as above) 9.B 10.A

*Reminder: I wrote "io" in the translations here to make them more literal also for A level learners, but you can leave it implied and the sentences are as correct.

**Especially if you are addressing to someone while saying this sentence, you can also leave "tu" implied as well. Also, reminder that 1) the feminine adjective translation is equally correct "Tu sei simpatica" I didn't add it to not cause too much confusion and to work also with the adjective in the answers (same goes vice versa for answer n.8); 2) the translation "(Voi) siete simpatici/simpatiche" is correct as well: it depends on the nature/number of the subject ofc.

Answer n.3B could be correct if you added where the school is located: Io vado alla scuola qui vicino/all'angolo/in via...... = I got the the school nerby/on the corner of the street/in .... street [ALLA = TO THE while TO = A, more general. The articolo determinativo generally specifies more an attribute of the noun also when used in a preposizione articolata -check all the rules btw]

[to-yngewai]

Learning Finnish 2

Thank you for all the well wishers and the resources people gave me! This is sorta my own hole of the internet that I don’t expect people to look at and seeing people react to me tagging it actually surprised me.

Anyway, I’m going to force myself to understand all the different finnish noun cases because I need to be able to recognize them just by name rather than stop what I’m doing and try to long-hand them.

There are...

1. Nominative: Has no additional ending or change to the base noun. The plural is a “t” at the end. “Talo” house. “Talot” houses. “Kissa” cat. “Kissat” cats. Adjectives agree with the casing. So ‘iso talo’ becomes ‘isot talot.’

The total predicate noun/adjective encompasses the entire aspect of the concept. The whole of the person, place, or thing. That is the nominative noun case.

Using the nominative to say something like “slices of bread” is wrong.

2. Accusative

3. Genitive

4. Essive

5. Partitive

6. Translative

7. Inessive

8. Elative

9. Illative

10. Adessive

11. Ablative

12. Allative

13. Abessive

14. Comitative

15. Instructive

The cases are formed by adding case endings to the stem.

The comma must be used between different clauses.

I am going to slowly add definitions to all of these once a day until the entire list is full. Soon the entire list will be done. I will also add other rules to the additions as I need to remember them.

[vioredynamite]

Ok, first we are going to have to make a distinction between grammatical gender and the gender of a person.

In grammar, gender can be understood as a property of nouns and some pronouns by which they are classified as masculine, feminine and, in some languages, also neuter.

(I don't like the Real Academia Española but let's keep this in mind).

In the case of Spanish there are only two grammatical genders: masculine and feminine. There is no "neutral gender" like in German (in nominative the article for the neutral gender is "das" -"das Mädchen" means "the girl" btw-, although the topic of the articles is much more complicated and depends on the mode). This is what Google Translate takes into account. When it translates "non-binary" as "no binario" or "no binaria" understands the words as an adjective that is accompanying a noun that can be masculine ("el código no binario" - the non-binary code) or feminine ("la persona no binaria" - the non-binary person).

What happens when we talk about a person's gender? As several people pointed out, it is the norm that the masculine is taken as "neutral" when we refer to a group of people, regardless of whether that group is made up of only men or not ("todos quieren hablar" - everyone wants to speak). When the group is made up only of women, then the feminine is used ("ellas quieren hablar" - they want to speak). Our militancy as feminists and LGBT+ people has made us fight for YEARS to make the language a little more inclusive. That is why we either use expressions to include a group of people without having to refer to a specific gender ("todo el mundo quiere hablar") or we directly use words with an -e ending as a kind of neutral gender (I must say, this is not officially recognized).

And since everyone is wondering... what about non-binary people?

Well, if there are any non-binary Spanish speakers, I invite you to correct me but I understand that the use of pronouns depends on each person. "Elle" would be equivalent to "they" as well "él" means "he" and "ella" means "she". "Elle" could be thought of as the natural pronoun for non-binary people, however that doesn't mean that they cannot use other pronouns to identify themselves. And that translates into the use of adjectives. When saying "I'm funny" a non-binary person can choose one or more of a grammatical gender, depending on their pronouns (soy gracioso / graciosa / graciose).

Last thoughts:

⚠️ Although some Spanish speakers use -x as the ending of words as the neutral (or inclusive) gender, it's really difficult to pronounce them and therefore it's only valid to use this method when writing. A better alternative is to use the -e ending.

❌ Please, if you don't speak Spanish STOP suggesting we use "no binari". I have explained that we already have several solutions to deal with the "masculine-centric" estructure of our language and I continue to see that all the explanations that Spanish-speaking people in the reblogs give are ignored.

🙃 I'm also going to ask everyone reading to stop disrespecting other languages just because you don't understand their grammar rules. And don't ignore the native speakers of those languages, thank you <3.

[barclaylanguagescenter]

Gender in nouns

Today, we’ll dive into a fascinating aspect of Spanish grammar often overshadowed by more complex topics like the subjunctive or the nuances of “por” and “para.” We’re talking about gender in nouns and how this impacts adjectives. Specifically, we’ll explore how students can navigate these rules and confidently use them in everyday speech.

Imagine encountering complex vocabulary like “celeridad, magnitud, aprendizaje o muchedumbre” how do you determine the correct gender and adjective form? This post aims to equip you with the tools to master these challenges and unlock the rich world of Spanish.

Let’s start with the basics. Unlike English, Spanish nouns are either masculine or feminine. There are no neutral options. But how do we know which is which?

Masculine Nouns:

In most cases, if a noun ends with the letter -o, it is masculine. This is why words like niño (boy), librero (bookseller), and perro (dog) are masculine, although there are exceptions like la radio (the radio), la mano (the hand), la foto (the photo), la moto (the motorcycle), etc.

Nouns ending in -or are also masculine: el honor (honor), el resplandor (splendor), el amor (love), with the exceptions of la labor (work) and la flor (flower). Nouns ending in -aje are also masculine: el hospedaje (accommodation), el viaje (trip), etc.

The days of the week and the months of the year are also masculine: el lunes (Monday), el miércoles (Wednesday), febrero (February), diciembre (December).

Almost all the names of oceans, seas, rivers, and lakes are masculine: el Atlántico (Atlantic), el Caribe (Caribbean), el Nilo (Nile), el Titicaca, etc.

Other geographical features such as mountain ranges and mountains are also masculine: los Andes (the Andes), los Pirineos (the Pyrenees), el Everest (Everest), except for those that are named including the words cordillera (mountain range) or sierra (mountain range), such as la cordillera del Escambray or La Sierra Maestra, both located in Cuba.

Most of the names of fruit trees are also masculine: el ciruelo (plum tree), el naranjo (orange tree), el limonero (lemon tree), etc

Feminine Nouns:

Nouns ending in -a, like “cama” (bed) and “mesa” (table), are typically feminine. Exceptions include “el tema” (topic) and “el planeta” (planet).

Nouns ending in -ción, -sión, or -zón, such as “acción” (action) and “comprensión” (comprehension), are feminine.

Nouns ending in -dad or -tad, like “libertad” (freedom) and “ciudad” (city), are feminine.

Nouns ending in -ez, -tud, or -dumbre, such as “vejez” (old age) and “exactitud” (accuracy), are feminine.

Common or Invariable Gender Nouns

In Spanish, some nouns end in -ista and -nte and can be either masculine or feminine. The gender of these words is indicated by the article:

el recepcionista – la recepcionista

el taxista – la taxista

el turista – la turista

el cantante – la cantante

el estudiante – la estudiante

We recommend that from the beginning, you always learn new nouns with their articles to avoid confusion. Now, let’s move on to our second topic for today: adjectives, their formation, and their agreement with nouns.

The Adjective

For native Spanish speakers, it’s clear that saying “países pobre” or “hombre cultos” is incorrect. The reason lies in the agreement between nouns and adjectives. The noun determines the gender of the adjective: a masculine adjective can only describe a masculine noun (hombre apuesto, silla rota, mujer hermosa). Similarly, a singular noun can only pair with a singular adjective, and a plural noun with a plural adjective, like hombres cultos and países pobres.

To form the feminine version of adjectives that end in -o, change the -o to -a (talentoso becomes talentosa, inmenso becomes inmensa, cubano becomes cubana). If the adjective ends in a consonant, add an -a to form the feminine (colaborador becomes colaboradora, controlador becomes controladora, gritón becomes gritona, francés becomes francesa, español becomes española).

Adjectives ending in -ista, which often describe professions (deportista, dentista, artista) or ideologies (comunista, idealista, capitalista), do not change form for gender. Nationalities ending in an accented -í, like iraquí and iraní, also remain the same for both genders.

Forming Plurals in Nouns and Adjectives

Forming plurals in Spanish is straightforward. For nouns and adjectives ending in a vowel, add -s (hombre becomes hombres, talentoso becomes talentosos). For those ending in a consonant, add -es (mujer intelectual becomes mujeres intelectuales).

We hope this article is helpful and clarifies any doubts, helping you improve your Spanish.

[phamlegiahuy-sa192390]

Grammar

English Grammar

There are rules when we combine words into phrases. For example, in the phrase “the lucky boys”, the article (the) goes first, then the adjective (lucky) and the last one is the noun (boys).

Traditional Grammar

Originate from Latin and Greek. Those languages were believed to be the best models for other grammars.

English Grammar inherited some terms used to describe the basics of grammatical components (parts of speech), and how they connected.

The Parts of Speech

Nouns: words to refer to people (man), objects (ball), creatures (cat), qualities (height), phenomena (tsunami), and abstract ideas (love). 

Articles: (a, an, the) words used to form noun phrases.

Adjectives: provide more information about the things that are referred to in the phrase (larger, strange).

Verbs: words to refer to actions (talk, go) and states (be, have).

Adverbs: provide information about actions, states and events.

Propositions: (at, in, on, near,...) provide information about time.

Pronouns: (he, she, they, it, you) noun phrases refer to people or things that already mentioned.

Conjunctions: (and, but, because, when) are used to create connections and mention relationships between events.

Agreement

The terms of the agreement determine the roles of words (number, person, tense, voice, gender) in describing language structure.

For example, number determine if the noun going to be singular or plural. Tense decide if it is going to be in passive or active voice. And gender helps people to describe between Cathy and her in the example sentence below.

Grammatical Gender

In this system, while nouns are classified using their gender class, articles and adjectives have other forms to “agree with”  the nouns’ gender.

For example, in Spanish, they have el sol, which means the sun (masculine), and la luna is the moon (feminine).

Traditional Analysis

While in Latin, these descriptions in the table characterise verb forms, in English, those categories describe different forms of pronouns.

The Prescriptive Approach

Old grammar rules: must not split and infinitive and must not end a sentence with a preposition.

Captain Kirk’s Infinitive

A film character who often uses the expression To boldly go… which is an example of a split infinitive.

There are differences between English and Latin in how they are structured. This does not mean that English is bad just because it does not follow the Latin grammar rules.

The Descriptive Approach

Samples of the language, that were collected by analysts, were being used to describe the structures of that language and not according to some view of how it should be used.

Structure Analysis 

Its main concern is to find out the distribution of forms in a language.

Constituent Analysis 

This technique was designed to show how small components go together to form larger ones.

Subjects and Objects

Word Order 

Language Typology

An area of study focuses on the use of word patterns ( SVO or VOS) to mention different “types” of languages.

[ancestorsofjudah]

2 Kings 13: 20-21. "The Bones."

The Moabite Raiders

Now Moabite raiders used to enter the country every spring. 

21 Once while some Israelites were burying a man, suddenly they saw a band of raiders; so they threw the man’s body into Elisha’s tomb. When the body touched Elisha’s bones, the man came to life and stood up on his feet.

Moabites are traditionalists. They say silly things like "if it ain't broke, don't fix it". This sentiment is decidedly anti-Semitic. Mankind has shown an amazing capacity to get used to ways of life that are clearly no good and never will be but still, they persist.

Jews and Muslims have been hunted for thousands of years, pushed to the brinks of poverty and extinction because of a few drops of ink (badly misunderstood) on a few pieces of paper. Gay people have done not much better, neither have persons who are not caucasian.

But every spring, during the Passover, Jewish people anticipate mankind will usurp the rule of tyrants and end their traditions and the world, the entire world will go free. Passover is also a tradition, one we observe in order to shirk responsibility for things that do not serve the interests of God or mankind.

The greatest responsibility we can then freely undertake is the one that remains, called Elisha, the Free Market Economy. Tyrannies and this thing do not coincide.

Elisha means "to wail and negate, to cry for salvation, be heard, and become free to transact."

"In names אל ('el) usually refers to אלהים ('elohim), that is Elohim, or God, also known as אלה ('eloah). In English, the words 'God' and 'god' exclusively refer to the deity but in Hebrew the words אל ('l) and אלה ('lh) are far more common and may express approach and negation, acts of wailing and pointing, and may even mean oak or terebinth.

The verb ישע (yasha') means to be unrestricted and thus to be free and thus to be saved (from restriction, from oppression and thus from ultimate demise).

A doer of this verb is a savior. Nouns ישועה (yeshua), ישע (yesha') and תשועה (teshua) mean salvation. Adjective שוע (shoa') means (financially) independent, freed in an economic sense.

Verb שוע (shawa') means to cry out (for salvation). Nouns שוע (shua'), שוע (shoa') and שועה (shawa) mean a cry (for salvation)."

The Melachim states though the real prophet Elisha is long since dead, we can still touch the bones in the Torah and exact a penance on humanity for its wicked warmongering ways by offering it freedom to live without fear of war and tyranny.

The Value in Gematria is 14649, יד‎ודט‎, "yad and dat" "the hand and the intellect."

The problem isn't that we don't see how things are going. For some reason, humanity is incapable of properly registering the suffering of other persons or animals. The Spirit of God in no way has assented to the causes that inflict suffering any place on this world for any reason.

The cries for salvation emitting their way into heaven are now so numerous, God and the Host must be going insane with anger at us. Especially since we have rules against all the causes of suffering. The sentiment is fine and dandy but we have ratified laws that we have chosen not to follow.

For some reason, human rights and suffering are not popular causes to pursue but they are the most important. Without sterling enforcement of protections for humanity and the plants, animals and places we depend on for survival all is lost.

We can lose it a little at a time as we have been and never put things back, or we can do it all at once like Vladimir Putin and Hamas, in which case the prospects for reconstruction are much less likely.

The Torah, the Tanakh, and the Melachim contained within say there is a Hand that wields absolute authority over this planet, and its Traditions, contained in these documents state our traditions begin with the Passover, the end of slavery and delusion, and then comes the work on the dream of a long-lived and contented humankind.

All the other traditions have to fold in favor of this one, which must come first.

Get rid of Vladimir Putin, kill him, kill Charles Mary and his foul Line of Succession, these persons are War Criminals and do not deserve to live among ordinary civilized human beings. The world must commit to the destruction of Hamas, the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints, their partners in crime, and put an end to the cheating, child molesting Republican Party.

Do these things today, end their traditions, and then everyone on this planet owes those whose cries for help were ignored every blessing we can possibly confer upon them.

Finally, the world's leaders need to be told, you do not let evil men overtake the good. You never ever let this happen. When an evil man raises his hand, you cut it off and you kill him. This is how intelligent people respond to the world around them. Eventually they will stop growing back.

*Be sure to book your next travel outing in Gaza through one of the many Marriott hospitality specialists now residing there.

[tbhimnoteasyonmyself]

If you enjoy this versatility, let me introduce you to the word "caralho" (oftentimes shortened to "crlh") in Portuguese. It literally means dick but it's more commonly used in expressions than literally.

-Alone: it's used as an interjection. Can show surprise, disappointment, anger or happiness depending on the cadence with which it's said. (e.g: Caralho! [surprise] // Ca-ralho... [disappointment] // CA-RA-LHO!! [anger] // Caaaaralho!! [happiness])

-do caralho (of caralho): if used without a verb it's bad, you're complaining about that thing (e.g: pc do caralho! - fucking computer!). BUT if used WITH a verb, it means something's dope. (e.g: ele tem um pc do caralho! - he has a sick computer! // aquele pc é do caralho! - that's a dope computer!). HOWEVER the rule turns again if you use the word "merda" (shit) before as an adjective because then this will reinforce the adjective (e.g: o meu pc é uma merda do caralho! - my computer is fucking shit!)

-pra caralho (to caralho): a lot/very. Can be used in both positive and negative situations.(e.g: 'tou cansado pra caralho - I'm tired af)

-como o caralho (like the caralho): a lot/very. Normally used in negative contexts. (e.g: ele é chato como o caralho! - he's really fucking annoying!)

-ir pro caralho (go to caralho): go to hell but very strong. Like as bad as "fuck you". Sometimes the verb is omitted.Can be upgraded by adding "que te foda" (that will fuck you) at the end, creating the great sentence: Vai pro caralho que te foda! - Go to the dick that will fuck you!

-ir pro/estar no caralho mais velho (going to/being at the eldest caralho): moving to or being at a very distant place. (e.g: Nunca mais vi a Cláudia, ela agora está no caralho mais velho! - I never see Cláudia anymore, she's fucking far now!)

-ir com o caralho (go with the caralho): be thrown out, disposed taken by an non human force. (e.g: p1: Viste um papel que tava encima da mesa? p2: Hm... Se tava encima da mesa foi com o caralho, nós 'tivemos a limpar tudo hoje à tarde. - p1: Have you seen the paper that was on the table? p2: Hm... If it was on the table it went to shit, we cleaned everything in the afternoon).

-que caralho (what caralho): used to reinforce a question. (e.g: Mas que caralho??? - What the fuck???)

-o caralho! (the caralho!): used to counter a very absurd suggestion or statement. Can be used after the words you wanna counter (e.g: p1: Não curtia do Felix no debut, ele era feio. p2: Feio, o caralho!! - p1: I didn't like Felix during the debut, he was ugly. p2: Ugly, my ass!!), after (e.g: p2: O caralho que era feio!! - p2: My ass, he was ugly!!) or alone (p2: O caralho!! - p2: My ass!!). When used alone it can also be upgraded by adding "que te foda" (that will fuck you) right after it, for emphasis: O caralho que te foda!

-o caralho de (the caralho of): used to complain about a thing. (e.g: O caralho da internet não 'tá a funcionar hoje! - e.g: The fucking internet is not working today!)

I doubt this guide is useful but I had fun anyways. Enjoy using the Portuguese language for your swearing purposes!

i love that the english language has evolved in such a way that saying “shit fucks” is a positive thing

[spanishskulduggery]

"¡Un gato detrás de ti! ¡Hay otro más! ¡Están atrás tuyo!" I get that he's saying there's a cat behind you, then another one, then they are behind you. But what is the difference in feel between the two versions of "behind" and why does one use "ti" and the other "tuyo"? ¡Gracias!

To me this reads like "they're behind you" and "they're right behind you" or something like that but that might just be me so, you know, grain of salt

-

First let me start with the difference

In general, atrás "behind" used in the context of verbs of motion, while detrás is commonly used as a static position

You can usually use atrás as "back" or "backwards", while detrás tends to be "behind (of)"

But as far as both meaning "behind" like your examples, detrás means "behind (someone)" and it's used for talking about something's position in relation to something else. And atrás means "behind" for just general positions with no specific relation

In other words, if I'm using detrás I am specifically talking about what is physically behind someone at that moment. If I'm using atrás it means "they're back there"... and that atrás can be used more figuratively and metaphorically like mirar atrás "to look back" or dar vuelta atrás "to turn back"

In your example it's like saying "they're behind you (physically)" and "they're right on your heels" or "they're following after you"

[Somewhat related tras by itself is often used as "consecutively" or "following after", same general idea; the root of tras is "behind" in some way... which is how you get el trasero for "butt" literally "rear end" or "behind", or atrasado/a "delayed" or "slow (clocks)", or trasero/a as an adjective meaning "rear/back"]

There are many prepositions/words about location that do this, so for example encima de is "on top of" which is more closely related to position, while sobre is "over" and can be more general where it can be "on top of", "above", or it can also be "about" and sobre generally conveys the idea of being above or superior in some way

-

As for the difference in ti and tuyo/a it's a difference between "correct" speech and "accepted" speech

When you talk about positions, you're usually using a preposition of some kind. It's typically de, occasionally a, but depends on the word itself

The prepositions a, de, en, por, para, and sometimes con force you to use what's known as the prepositional pronouns [as in "me" versus "I"]

*Note: con is the weird one here - if you say "with me" it's conmigo, and then contigo for "with you"... this is directly from Latin where it was cum mecum, cum tecum etc. where they said the word "with" twice and it got sort of garbled in the Spanish; there's also a consigo "with itself" which is less common but it exists, from cum secum to speak of 3rd person things that are usually not people, since you often say con él, con ella, con usted in other situations

And so you say detrás de mí "behind me", or detrás de ti... Or you might see it in other contexts with different words... pienso en ti "I am thinking of you", or a mí me gusta

The standard official correct Spanish says it is never acceptable to use what is known as possessive adjectives... mi by itself is "my" (with no accent mark), and then mío/a being "of mine"

Saying detrás mío or atrás mío is considered incorrect by standard Spanish

However!

There are countries that do use this. I think it's most common in Central America and Mexico but I'm not 100% sure about it, but you might see some telenovelas use things like ¡quítate de encima mío! to mean "get off me!"

Again, any official Spanish will say that's not correct, or that it is "regionally accepted" but it's not standard castellano to do this

I'm not sure if there are rules about which is preferable or if it's situational, but some countries have a mix of it

The way I'm reading it, it sounds like they went for something official and then switched to something informal but that's how I'm personally reading it

[crristinaa-level6]

Specialist practice

Language structure 

Introduction

The Spanish language belongs to the Romance group within the Italic subfamily of Indo-European languages. Being Mexico's official tongue, it is used as a primary dialect by approximately 330 million people across the globe and as a secondary one for about another 50 million individuals. Originating from Spain, this linguistic mode found its way through the Western Hemisphere along with the explorers and colonisers during the last five centuries' eras of empire-building initiatives. Though Latin-based etymology makes up most vocabulary structure in Spanish; Arabic, Italian, and French besides various North American indigenous scripts enhance their vocab store strongly too! The oldest available textual evidence on record dates back to the tenth century AD though…

Vowels

All vowels of the Spanish language are the same as in English language except using y as an alternate vowel.

Consonants:

In addition to the same 21 consonants found in English, Spanish includes ch, ll, ñ, and rr. The letter ñ is denoted by a tilde (~) and sounds like "ni" as heard in the word pinion. An acute accent (´) helps clarify which syllable of a given term should be emphasized when stress doesn't adhere to typical rules; it can also differentiate homonyms such as sé ("I know") from se ("self").

Grammar 

Spanish nouns are categorized as either masculine or feminine. A noun is considered masculine when it begins with "el" (the) and ends in the letter "o", while a feminine noun starts with "la" (the) and concludes with an “a”. Refer to the examples below for further clarification

“EI” and “La” both mean “the”

El chico (the boy) / La chica (the boy)

Define and indefinite Articles

The English language uses only one definitive article regardless of quantity or gender, whereas Spanish has four distinct forms depending on the number and gender. For instance, "el gato" refers to a singular male cat while "los gatos" refers to plural male cats; likewise, "la gata" describes a single female cat and "las gatas" corresponds to multiple females.

In English, the infinitive article consists of three words: a, an or some. In contrast, Spanish employs four variations of the infinitive article depending on whether the noun is masculine/feminine and singular/plural. As an illustration;

Un gato (a male cat)                           una gata (a female cat)

Unos gatos (some male cats)            unas gatas (female cats) 

Formal and Familiar Language Usage

In Spanish, there are two forms of the pronoun "you" - formal and informal. The more formal option is "usted," which is typically reserved for showing respect to someone. On the other hand, "tú" is considered familiar and can be used in situations involving friends, family members, colleagues or even children. For instance, when addressing a teacher it would be appropriate to use "usted," whereas with a classmate you might opt for using tú.

Verbs

Spanish verbs can be classified as either regular or irregular, depending on whether they end in er, ir or ar. The conjugation rules are specific to each verb category and depend mainly on the subject of the verbs being used.

Memorization of irregular verb conjugations is necessary since they remain unaffected by both the subject and the form of the verb.

Adjectives 

Spanish adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun they modify. Additionally, it is common for the adjective to come after the noun. For instance, instead of saying "the blue ball," one would say "the ball blue."

Questions

In Spanish, you can ask the same question in different ways. An example is when asking if Maria speaks Spanish; several questions may be used such as:

Does Maria speak Spanish?

Does Maria speak Spanish?

Do you speak Spanish, Maria?

Each question starts with an inverted question mark (i.e., ¿María habla español?

[hispanichorizons]

5 Most Important Grammar Rules in the Spanish Language.

Spanish is an amazing language due to its global significance. It exhibits a rich diversity of regional dialects and accents. Hence, knowing Spanish can help you broaden your horizons and connect with a global community. It also allows you to connect with locals on a deeper level, understand their culture, and navigate more easily in various situations. Moreover, if you learn Spanish language, you can significantly enhance your travel experiences in Spanish-speaking countries as well. However, if you want to speak Spanish fluently, you need to familiarise yourself with the basics of Spanish grammar. This typically includes knowing when and how to use certain pronouns, understanding how to form the right sentences, and using the correct verb conjugations.

Learning the basics of grammar in Spanish is crucial, as it forms the foundation for effective communication. A solid grasp of grammar rules enables learners to construct accurate sentences, convey their ideas clearly, and comprehend the language better, facilitating meaningful interactions and language acquisition. To help you achieve your learning goals, we have narrowed down some of the basic rules of grammar in the Spanish language.

The 5 Most Important Grammar Rules in the Spanish Language

The five essential rules of grammar in the Spanish language have been mentioned below.

#1 All Spanish Nouns Are Assigned a Gender

In the Spanish language, every noun is assigned a gender; it falls into either the masculine or feminine category. This linguistic gender doesn't necessarily correlate with the biological gender of the noun's real-world referent; it's a grammatical classification. This gender distinction influences the forms of articles (both definite and indefinite), adjectives, and other modifiers used in conjunction with the noun. Masculine nouns are commonly preceded by the article "el" (singular) or "los" (plural), while feminine nouns are preceded by "la" (singular) or "las" (plural).

In case you want to learn Spanish and are looking for an institute that provides the best Spanish classes in Mumbai, you can contact us. At Hispanic Horizons, we offer a variety of class schedules, levels, and formats, making it easy to find a class that fits your schedule and learning style.

#2 Verbs Are Divided Into Three Conjugations

Verbs are the tools we employ to articulate processes,states, or actions that exert an influence on both objects and people. In English, you seamlessly incorporate verbs into your speech, and the same holds true for Spanish. However, not all verbs share identical traits, nor do they adhere to the same rules of conjugation.

The verb conjugation in Spanish is classified into three primary types:

The first conjugation encompasses verbs that end in -ar, such as "amar" (to love)or"cantar" (to sing).

The second conjugation involves verbs that end in -er, like "beber" (to drink)or"comer" (to eat).

The third conjugation covers verbs that end in -ir, for instance, "partir" (to leave).

#3 Every Verb Has a Mode

Should you want to learn Spanish language more effectively, it’s important for you to know that Spanish verbs can be categorised into three modes:

Indicative: This is used to state facts, express actions that are certain or objective, and provide information. It's the most common mode and covers present, past, and future tenses.

Subjunctive: This mode is used to express doubts, desires, emotions, recommendations, and uncertain actions. It's often used in dependent clauses introduced by certain conjunctions.

Imperative: The imperative mode is used to give commands or orders. It's used to directly address someone and instruct them to do something.

#4 Pronouns Can be Avoided in Sentences

Spanish verb conjugations carry a lot of information, including the subject performing the action. This means that often, the subject pronoun (yo, tú, él/ella, nosotros/as, vosotros/as, ellos/ellas) can be omitted from the sentence because the verb ending already indicates who is performing the action. This is a common practise in Spanish and is not as frequent in English.

#5 Adjectives Are Typically Used After the Noun

In Spanish, adjectives are usually used after the noun that’s been modified. This placement can alter the emphasis and meaning of the sentence. For instance, "casa grande" means "big house" in Spanish, but "grande casa" would imply something more like "great house."

The Bottom Line

Learning the basics of grammar in Spanish allows you to construct sentences correctly, ensuring your message is accurate and easily understood by others. It also provides you with the fundamental structure and rules necessary to communicate effectively in the language. Should you be in search of a Spanish language institute where you can learn Spanish language effectively, get in touch with us. At Hispanic Horizons, we offer a comprehensive range of Spanish courses to help you achieve your specific learning goals. To learn more about our courses, visit https://hispanic-horizons.org/.

[samwisegamgeeee]

The only issue there is adjectives in Spanish are inherently ungendered; you gender them to fit the noun. And even though words like valle, muerte, baile, and fuente end in e, they are gendered (EL valle, LA muerte).

(I did kinda play with this idea in the poem, calling attention to how some words that look like they should be masculine or feminine are actually the opposite: LA manO, EL cometA (which I wrote as la cometa and is a typo 🤦🏻). Fun fact, change the gender of “cometa” and it’s kite(f) or comet(m)! And EL mar is “the sea” whereas LA mar is “the Sea” (poetic) )

If I could, I would use elle as my pronoun in Spanish (and I do, sometimes, in the right company!) but because you have to adapt the adjectives as well as the pronoun, and there’s no gender neutral adaptation of adjectives that already exists, it’s just that much harder to use the gender neutral in spanish as it is in English, where people already use they them as gender neutral singular without even thinking abt it. (Spanish is a lot more rigid in terms of new language and grammatical correctness; they have an academy that decides officially, whereas English’s rules are mostly decided collectively)

i ended up liking how gendered french is solely because i can say that i want people to use he/him pronouns for me the same way they use it for angels, blood and blunts