#Dysphagia (swallowing difficulties)

[duality-disability]

as someone with more mild dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) that hasn't required thickened liquids (as of it)

Hearing the people are using thickened water to make.... fucking slime, of all things. Is so entirely disrespectful.

It's already in limited supply in places that do stock it. If you don't have a need for it, Don't grab it! Please!

your sensory needs are not worth starving someone over..

[faofinn]

DAY 6: secrets revealed

@febuwhump

It had been a few days since Fao had been up in the middle of the night, putting in an NG tube for Steve so he’d stop being so stubborn and actually get some fluids and nutrition into him. He knew the older man didn’t talk much about his history, but Fao really did hate not knowing what was going on. Steve hadn’t told him much, just that it had happened before and there was nothing to worry about. Fao struggled to believe that - he’d been so stubborn about it, and if he was anything like the rest of them, he hid more than he should. 

The tube was still in, Steve still not over the flare enough to manage without it, but he’d get better with time. He wasn’t at work, choosing to take some last minute leave and focus on catching up on stuff in the basement. There was a lot of admin that needed doing, surprisingly, and it was a chance to get on top of it. 

Fao was down there with him, sorting through notes and making sure everything was filed properly and up to date. There was a comfortable silence settled on the pair, both just going about their business and happy not needing to fill the silence. 

"I don't remember what happened, y’know?" Steve spoke up. 

Fao lifted his head. “Don’t remember what happened when?” He asked.

"My accident. I've read the files, heard what they said, but I'm missing so much. I didn't recognise Bel for a month."

“Oh.” Fao said softly. “You don’t have to tell me anything.”

"I owe you it." He sighed heavily. "Give me a second, I'll get the file."

“Still, it’s… It’s big, I know you don’t like telling us.”

"Why do I get to hide my records? Keep all these secrets?" He shrugged. "That's not fair."

“Because you wrote your own records.” Fao said lightly. 

"Doesn't mean I can do whatever."

“Kinda does, though.”

"You deserve to know."

“If you want me to.” Fao said. “I’m glad you trust me enough to share with me.”

"Of course I trust you. I know you’re not blood, but you might as well be a son."

Fao couldn’t help the tightness in his throat at that. “Jesus, don’t start.”

"I'll go grab the file." He cleared his own throat, heading off into his office. 

Fao sipped his tea, awkwardly chewing his lip whilst he waited. He didn’t want Steve to feel like he had to share. He was entitled to his privacy.

Steve returned with his file, several times larger than the usual public one. He dropped it by Fao, apologising under his breath. "My stuff is all in there, all the hospital records."

Fao looked at the thick file, raising an eyebrow. “Would you prefer if we went through it together?”

"If you want to. I can…I can tell you what I remember, and then what they told me, if you prefer?"

“Whatever is easiest for you, honestly.”

He managed a laugh as he pulled up a chair. "Neither are."

“We really don’t have to, Steve.” 

"It's fine. We…we were on our way back, we must have already have evaced our patient because I was definitely alone. I don’t know if they just misjudged it, or got distracted, or something else happened, but we fucked our landing. Our right wing took the barrier down, we spun and smashed everything in our path, basically. There was shit everywhere, as much as we'd secured it, at that speed, it was useless. I don’t know what knocked me out, but I had several impact points, so it had a good go at taking me out."

Fao’s breath hitched. “You were RAF, right?”

"Yeah. More medical, not that I was much use at that point."

“Bit difficult at that point.” He murmured. 

Steve's focus was on something Fao couldn’t see, long in the past. "My seatbelts were locked, they couldn't get me out quick enough and I don't know what happened with the cutter. There was a delay, I ended up with second and third degree burns down my back and thigh from it. Broken ankle, fractured T2, T3, dislocated shoulder, wrist and elbow, and, uh, obviously my head."

Fao nodded slowly. “That’s… a lot.”

"I don't remember the month before it still, but at the time, there was nothing. I didn't recognise Bella, or the twins. Not that they saw me at first, I was too much of a state."

Steve rarely spoke about his family from before. Fao swallowed thickly, looking down. “I can’t even imagine.”

"Took me six months to get it back."

“How old were the… the twins?” The question felt foreign in Fao’s mouth. 

"Eighteen months. I missed so much. Bel always said I'd catch up…I never did."

“I’m sorry.”

"I missed a lot of firsts, and the ones I got," he shook his head. "The ones I got…I wouldn't wish on anyone."

Fao cleared his throat. “It must have taken you a while to get back into everything, especially surgically.”

"Another eighteen months, just to get back to where I was. I was lucky, really,  my deficits ended up being physical, like my speech and swallowing."

“Is that the only thing you still struggle with?” Fao asked, mostly curious. “The back or anything?”

"Reduced sensations at times, various other problems, the burn scars kill me at times too. It feels like they're burnt all over again, when they debride it, god. Never again."

“Yeah, that’s brutal. Really, really tough.”

"The PTSD is a bit shit too."

“Now that’s something I can understand.”

"Yeah."

“I honestly just want to help.” Fao said softly, trying to find the words. “I know it’s easy to hide things and not want to get other people involved, but I could’ve helped you out ages before if you’d just asked. I wouldn’t have asked anything, either. So if there’s anything you need, no judgement or questions other than what I need to know to be safe… I’m here.”

Steve found himself choked up, and he shook his head, taking a moment. "Thank you."

“Let’s just try not to be so damn stubborn and accept help from now on.”

"Easier said than done."

“I know.”

"The pain never really goes away, but you deal with it until you can’t. I don't usually have problems breathing and eating and all that, but when it flares, it flares. 

"Work aren't ever happy about it, why would they be? A fucking neurosurgeon that can't feel his hands because the whole arm feels like it's on fire. The tremors I get when I get so low, I just…I don't know. I'd never do anything to put 

the patient at risk, but they just care about the image."

Fao nodded, taking it all in. “It must be really hard, but you’re an amazing doctor. I can tell you care so much about your patients, you’ve taught me so much.” He said softly. “We’re lucky to have you, and if work can’t see it too then they’re idiots.”

"Thank you, Fao. It means a lot"

Fao moved to hug him. “Thank you for sharing it with me.”

Steve hadn't expected that, but sighed and held him close. "Thank you, Fao."

[sharkwhale]

Yes!!!

And furthermore, Dysphagia is often just a symptom or sign—the first one, even—of other conditions of the throat/esophagus.

It can also have a very slow progression (like months or years slow) that can seem to feel the same for a while before suddenly getting just a bit worse… again… and again… and again… over and over. So if you’re like me from a few years ago, and feel at this time like you’re “managing it” whenever your food sticks by, say:

Drinking water

Tilting your head back

Stretching

Getting up to walk around

…well, you might be managing it right now, but…

…managing is not the same as treatment, and untreated problems tend to get worse.

Since this problem is happening to a VERY IMPORTANT part of your body, it’s a very important problem to address. So PLEASE talk to your doctor about treating it.

Take it from someone who just got diagnosed with Achalasia this week, after years of dealing with swallowing problems which kept gradually worsening despite every attempted “management strategy”, diet change, and acid reflux treatment—you DON’T want to be like me and keep waiting around to get better treatment for an essential part of your body. It took me until the point of becoming underweight and stuck eating a miserably restrictive puréed-food diet to recognize how much I needed better treatment. It SUCKS to be at this point, so PLEASE take care of yourself so you don’t potentially end up in an equally sucky situation.

TLDR: If you can’t swallow food or drink normally, TALK TO YOUR DOCTOR ABOUT TREATING THAT. Swallowing is an important function of your body, essential to your health and survival—if you aren’t able to eat/drink properly, your whole body can suffer.

hello world!!!

I want to talk to you about swallowing (not in a sexual light)

swallowing is supposed to be:

efortless

automatic

painless

and should happen without conscious thought

choking is supposed to be infrequent

if that does not sound like your swallowing experience you are probably part of the 5-15% of the population that has dysphagia. if your swallowing is bothering you then you can (and should) bring up your concerns to a doctor

swallowing is not supposed to be difficult!

[bigapollospectra]

Causes Difficulty In Swallowing - ENT Specialist Near Me

Swallowing, a herbal and regularly neglected function, is critical for eating food, drinks, or perhaps saliva.

Is Difficulty Swallowing A Sign Of Cancer? However, for some human beings, this reputedly simple act can turn out to be a giant challenge, medically known as dysphagia.

I Feel Like I Can't Swallow My Saliva? Difficulty in swallowing can have an impact on anybody and is often indicative of underlying health situations.

At Big Apollo Spectra Hospital in Patna, we deal with diagnosing and treating swallowing problems.

Recognized as the best ENT Hospital in Patna, our group of ENT doctors and advanced diagnostic device offer complete care to repair normal swallowing characteristic and decorate exquisite of life.

Common Causes of Difficulty in Swallowing

Trouble Swallowing Saliva But Not Food! Understanding the reasons of dysphagia can beneficial useful resource in nicely timed evaluation and remedy, making sure the exceptional consequences for sufferers.

1. Neurological Disorders

Neurological conditions frequently disrupt the coordination and electricity of the muscle tissues worried in swallowing. Common troubles consist of:

Stroke: A foremost reason of dysphagia, strokes can harm the mind’s functionality to control swallowing.

Parkinson’s Disease: This present day ailment affects motor capabilities, together with the muscle tissue used for swallowing.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS): MS can impair nerve signs, affecting the throat and esophagus muscles.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS): ALS weakens the muscle tissues chargeable for swallowing, primary to massive problem.

2. Esophageal Disorders

The esophagus is a critical shape for transporting food to the belly. Several conditions can impair its function, together with:

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD): A long-term acid reflux condition can damage the lining of the esophagus, leading to scarring and constriction.

Esophageal Stricture: A constricted esophagus can lead to difficulties and pain while swallowing.

Achalasia: A rare condition in which the lower esophageal sphincter does not relax, preventing food from entering the stomach.

3. Muscle Disorders

Certain muscle issues can interfere with the swallowing device:

Scleroderma: This autoimmune condition causes the tissues of the esophagus to harden and tighten.

Myasthenia Gravis: This condition reduces the strength of voluntary muscle functions, including those necessary for swallowing.

4. Obstructions within the Throat

Physical blockages in the throat or esophagus can lead to difficulties in swallowing:

Foreign Objects: Swallowed items, particularly in children, can obstruct the airway or esophagus.

Throat Infections: Serious infections such as tonsillitis or abscesses may cause inflammation and discomfort, making it difficult to swallow.

Tumors: Both noncancerous and cancerous masses in the throat can disrupt swallowing.

5. Aging-Related Changes

Swallowing troubles are extra commonplace in older adults due to:

Loss of muscle strength and coordination.

Conditions such as dementia or Alzheimer’s disease that impact cognitive and physical abilities.

6. Other Contributing Factors

Dry Mouth (Xerostomia): Inadequate saliva production complicates the act of swallowing.

Allergies: Intense hypersensitive responses (anaphylaxis) may lead to throat swelling.

Injuries: Damage to the throat or esophagus, whether from surgical procedures or accidents, can hinder swallowing.

When Should I Be Worried About Trouble Swallowing?

If you or a loved one studies the subsequent Dysphagia Symptoms, it may suggest a swallowing disease:

Pain or pain at the same time as swallowing.

Feeling like food is caught within the throat or chest.

Frequent choking or coughing at the same time as consuming or eating.

Hoarseness or adjustments in voice.

Regurgitation of food or liquids.

Unintended weight reduction due to hassle eating.

Diagnosis and Dysphagia Treatment in Patna

At Big Apollo Spectra Hospital, our ENT specialist in Patna have cutting-edge techniques to identify issues with swallowing. Typical diagnostic approaches include:

Endoscopy: A slender, adaptable tube equipped with a virtual camera is utilized to examine the throat and esophagus.

Barium Swallow Test: This X-ray examines the movement of food or liquid as it passes through the esophagus.

Manometry: Measures the strain and movement in the esophagus.

Once the reason is diagnosed, treatment alternatives are customized to the affected man or woman’s desires. Common treatments encompass:

Medications for GERD or infections.

Swallowing remedy with a speech-language pathologist.

Endoscopic or surgical techniques to cast off obstructions or widen the esophagus.

Advanced treatments like botox injections for achalasia.

Why Choose Big Apollo Spectra Hospital?

Big Apollo Spectra Hospital in Patna would be the most inexperienced vacation spot for ENT care, way to our:

Expert Team: Our quite professional ENT specialists in Bihar provide correct diagnoses and powerful treatment plans.

Advanced Technology: Cutting-problem gadget guarantees specific and minimally invasive strategies.

Patient-Centered Care: We prioritize affected character comfort and recovery, presenting customized remedy tailor-made to each individual.

Comprehensive Facilities: From evaluation to treatment and rehabilitation, our facilities cater to all factors of swallowing issues.

What Causes Difficulty In Swallowing?

Why Is It Hard To Swallow All Of A Sudden? Difficulty in swallowing is not first-class a minor inconvenience; it may significantly effect one’s brilliant of existence and health.

Early assessment and appropriate treatment are crucial for managing this case efficiently. If you or a cherished one is experiencing swallowing issues, don’t hesitate in reaching out for ENT Doctor in Patna.

Visit Big Apollo Spectra Hospital in Patna, Top ENT Hospital for complete assessment and remedy.

Our devoted ENT Specialist Near me help you regain everyday swallowing function and experience a healthier, happier existence.

[homehealthinc]

Swallowing difficulties, or dysphagia, can be a challenging condition affecting individuals of all ages. At home health care in Orange, California, we understand the importance of managing these difficulties to ensure safe and comfortable eating experiences. Here are some effective strategies to help manage swallowing difficulties.

[drsamratjankar12]

Trouble swallowing? Is food getting stuck? Please don't ignore it! It could be Achalasia-Cardia, a rare esophageal disorder. Discover more about this condition and consult with our specialists for expert guidance. Don't let Achalasia-Cardia go unnoticed – take action now!

[plainselfraisingflour]

Working with but not being a soeech pathologist is fun. Today I forgot the word 'commercial', as in commercial kitchen. I could depend on them to get it with the clues I gave them....I just wish it didn't involve feeling like I have aphasia. I also really like soft, saucy food because I have a crooked jaw (I think). So yay dysphagic too.

[awanderingcatharsis]

BEN CLARK HEADCANONS. Finally!!

I've been sitting on these for awhile theyre finally here!!

//mentions of strangulation, fighting, etc.

-ben is the type of person to have a million different playlists. he's so me fr

-he has one playlist that's a couple of others combined. its like 6 hours long

-he listens to EVERYTHING. all the genres. (even a few country songs cause im sick of seeing "i listen to everything except country!" THAT ISNT EVERYTHING???)

-whenever i see chatfics he always types grammatically correct and that is WRONG. he's the fastest typer ever trust

-after they decided he was the medic of the group, i like to think he did like tons of reading and research on how to treat injuries . like there was no way he went from helping aiden with a scraped knee to a branch through tyler's stomach

-he knows EVERYTHING about EVERYONE. he's literally gretchen wieners. most people forget he's there so he hears the juiciest tea ever

-at the end of every week the group has a "gossip session" and its literally just them all calling (or hanging out) and ben telling them the stuff he's heard through the week

-ash and taylor too cause they seem like the kind of people to find the craziest tea

-ben and ash quiet kid solidarity

-i like to think ben gave a lot of clothes to lily :)

-i also think he'd be SUPER worried about her in school, esp when she gets to the older grades

-him and aiden once made mug cakes at four in the morning during one of the group's sleepovers cause they couldn't sleep (i did that once)

-aiden and ben are literally brothers atp and they know like everything about each other

-when they woke up after aiden hurt his ankle ben lectured him with a very angry and very loud text to speech voice

-I also like to think aiden has heard ben's voice at least once

-he's somehow the heaviest and lightest sleeper ever. he could sleep through an earthquake but also at the same time if you breathe wrong he'll wake up. he's me

-he used to sleep talk, kinda scared he still does

-he's a cat person and that's the end of it. me again

-he'd be very naturally warm but his hands are always freezing. idk it feels right

-ALEX G ENTHUSIEST

-he has once punched a phantom in the face. it didn't go very well

-i think he'd protect his neck a lot when fighting phantoms

-he has ptsd probably (they all do lets be real)

-I like to think he has dysphagia (difficulty swallowing) so he doesn't like to eat in public that much

-i think it took him a bit to warm up to the group about that :)

-he has lots of scars, like from fighting, nail scars on his neck, etc

-i like to think the reason why he wears grey all the time is bcs he doesn't want to stand out. he's working on that

-he still actively goes to therapy

[awhumpityblog]

Today's whumpy pondering: dysphagia.

Dysphagia being the medical term for swallowing difficulties.

Like, I deal with it on the daily, and it just has such potential! Consider a whumpee who needs to use a straw, because otherwise they more often than not choke on their liquids. Or maybe a straw makes it worse.

And how specific one's dietary needs can get! A whumpee who can't eat bread based products or dense foods because it's physically painful and immensely difficult to manage. Who has to keep an eye on the temperature of certain things because even that can affect matters.

And then there's the possibilities. Maybe a caretaker who doesn't fully get it, and keeps bringing whumpee toast or sandwiches as a "simple meal". Maybe a whumper who does know, and who deliberately only gives whumpee foods they can't swallow without their whole face scrunching up in pain, or water in a cup, knowing it'll probably mean a few minutes of drowning that probably won't be fatal.

And hey, there's more to think about than just that. I mean, this is based off my own experiences. But think about it.

[icepoptroll]

can you elaborate on some of your Ricky headcanons?😁

Hi! I'm assuming you're referring to my tags on this post that I reblogged earlier today referring to the more medical side of expanding on Ricky in canon?

I think maybe hc was kind of the wrong way for me to describe my Ricky ideas in this area. It's more like, I have the background knowledge to speculate some of what Ricky might have going on outside of what we see in canon. Keep in mind I'm drawing from what I learned back in school and on the job, not my own lived experiences, and obviously not everyone with disabilities like Ricky's have the same universal experience so I make no claim that my word is gospel here ofc!!

For one I think he actually Does have a feeding tube. I've seen him drawn a few times with an ng/nj tube but seeing as a. His condition is, as the post I linked to outlines, most likely neuromuscular and b. This affects him systemically and affects his speech, he most likely also has difficulty swallowing as the same groups of nerves and muscles are involved with both and so speech and swallowing sorta go hand in hand. There are no 100% absolutes and I can't speak for every single scenario that might necessitate a feeding tube. However I do find from working in my field that generally, people who have one due to dysphagia because of a permanent condition (such as his, which is understood to be progressive) have gastrostomy tubes, which go directly into the stomach through the abdominal wall. I've drawn him with this type of tube a couple of times, but obviously it's generally less visible than one inserted nasally and the only way for it to be very visible in a drawing is, ya know, if Ricky pops his top off, lol, or at least pulls it up some.

That being said, not everyone with a feeding tube gets nutrition by this route exclusively. Some people with g tubes eat orally to varying degrees with certain preparations and supplement with tube feedings, and other people can't take anything at all by mouth. I feel like Ricky is somewhere in the middle and that he'd eat soft stuff with textures and consistencies that make it easy to chew and swallow, and drink thickened liquids. (I think Ricky actually quite likes to eat and uses a lotta sauce c:) Any meds he takes are in liquid form or crushed pills mixed with water that go into the g tube. I think he knows the ins and outs of taking care of the g tube on his own, however sometimes it seems to have a mind of its own (stuff happens sometimes with any kind of equipment ofc) and also sometimes it'd be an uphill battle keeping the cats away from it

I'm a little tuckered out from work right now and it would take me a while to call to mind all of my speculations but yeah that's basically just a little bit I imagine about Ricky based on observations I've made working with real people

Outside of the more medical side of Ricky I'm always drawing fun content of him as I run @enter-the-rickyverse and sometimes I incorporate my own hcs into the drawings (ie. He has a great sense of humor, he plays piano, he likes to wear short sleeves shirts over long sleeved shirts, fun stuff like that) I mean he's really just an awesome character to delve into exploring in all sorts of aspects

[voids-ideas]

Wtf do you mean dysphagia is a symptom of dysautonomia?

And wtf do you mean saying dysphagia is difficulty swallowing?

Wtf do you mean it presents as a tendency to cough or choke when you try to swallow water, food or even your own saliva?

You mean to tell me my super power, being able to choke swallowing air, is a fucking symptom of the chronic condition i fucking have?

[ni4tian1]

In a normal esophagus, contraction waves are progressive, and the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxes properly to allow food to pass. However, disorders like achalasia, diffuse esophageal spasm, and hypercontractile esophagus disrupt this process.

In general, all patients with suspected achalasia should initially undergo upper endoscopy and/or esophageal barium swallow; findings may support the diagnosis.

Esophageal manometry is indicated to establish the diagnosis (confirmatory test of choice), irrespective of the initial imaging findings.

Achalasia is marked by the failure of the LES to relax, leading to difficulty swallowing, regurgitation, and weight loss. A key diagnostic feature is the bird-beak sign on a barium swallow, with high LES resting pressure observed on manometry.

Diffuse esophageal spasm presents with retrosternal chest pain and simultaneous, repetitive contractions. Patients often experience dysphagia and pain, particularly during eating. The hallmark finding is corkscrew esophagus on imaging.

Lastly, hypercontractile esophagus, also known as jackhammer esophagus, shows extremely strong contractions and often retrosternal pain. Manometry reveals a high distal contractile integral (DCI), indicating very forceful contractions.

Management includes lifestyle changes, medications like calcium channel blockers or nitrates, and in severe cases, endoscopic therapy or surgery to improve esophageal function and patient quality of life.

[jostenjorts]

My friend sends me cannibal tiktoks and bc of that ; Nathan Wesninski feeds past victims brains to his current victims as a last meal situation because he takes sick pleasure watching the symptoms.

Tremors

Unsteady gait

Ataxia

Muscle jerks

Pain in upper & lower extremities

Difficulty walking

Slurred speech

Headache

Dementia

Difficulty swallowing

Dysphagia (can lead to malnutrition)

Coma

Especially when it comes to difficult walking and slurred speech, he would taunt his victims. This is all happening in the basement, he will open the door and give his victim the chance to escape and take joy watching them struggle controlling their body to even move into a walk and get to the stairs. Nathan will talk to the victims with a quiz saying something along the lines of “if I’m satisfied with your answers, I’ll let you go.” But their speech is so slurred he and the others can’t understand them. There’s no cure for Kuri disease, you will die within 1-2 years and Nathan isn’t going to let them live that long, the longest his kept one around is maybe 3 months before his killed and gotten rid of the body and moved onto the next victim. He kills them sooner if the victim falls into a coma, he just takes longer in mutilating the body out of frustration and anger because they dared to ruin his fun.

[wheelie-sick]

Explaining dysphagia

Dysphagia is simultaneously a symptom and a diagnosable condition. Most people think of it (if they think of it at all) as the choking on food disease but in reality it's much more complicated than that.

There are four categories of dysphagia: oropharyngeal, esophageal, esophagogastric, and paraesophageal

only two of those categories (oropharyngeal and esophageal) are commonly used and diagnosed so those are the main two I'll be talking about.

The diagnosis of dysphagia is a fairly complicated process involving a lot of radiological testing and things stuck up your nose and down your throat.

lost the source :(

source

the ICD 10 further divides dysphagia into unspecified, oral phase, oropharyngeal phase, pharyngeal phase, pharyngoesophageal phase, and other dysphagia which includes cervical dysphagia and neurogenic dysphagia

Oropharyngeal dysphagia

Oropharyngeal dysphagia occurs when someone has difficulty initiating a swallow. It's often accompanied by coughing, choking, feeling food stick in the throat, and nasal regurgitation. Other symptoms include frequent repetitive swallows, frequent throat clearing, a gargly voice after meals, hoarse voice, nasal speech and dysarthria, drooling, and recurrent pneumonia.

Oropharyngeal dysphagia is diagnosed with a modified barium swallow and/or a transnasal video endoscopy.

Some of the consequences of oropharyngeal dysphagia include aspiration pneumonia, upper respiratory infections, and weight loss. Common treatment includes rehabilitative swallowing exercises, botox, surgery, and/or a feeding tube.

Esophageal Dysphagia

Esophageal dysphagia is dysphagia where there is a problem with the passage of food or liquids through the esophagus between the upper and lower esophageal sphincter. Esophageal dysphagia is usually a result of abnormal motility in the esophagus or a physical obstruction to the esophagus. Symptoms of esophageal dysphagia vary depending on cause.

Motility: People with esophageal motility disorders will experience problems with swallowing both liquids and solids. Motility disorders consist of abnormal numbers of contractions in the esophagus, abnormal velocity of contractions, abnormal force of contractions, abnormal coordinated timing of contractions, or several of these simultaneously. People with esophageal motility disorders may also experience spasms or chest pain.

Obstruction: People with an esophageal obstruction will have more difficulty swallowing solids than liquids.

Some symptoms of both include pain when swallowing, the inability to swallow, sensation of food being stuck in your throat or chest, drooling, and regurgitation.

Esophageal dysphagia can be diagnosed with a barium swallow, upper endoscopy, esophageal manometry, and an endoFLIP.

Some common treatments for esophageal dysphagia include medication, esophageal dilation, surgery, stent placement, and/or a feeding tube.

Esophagogastric Dysphagia

Esophagogastric dysphagia occurs when there is a problem with material passing from the lower esophageal sphincter into the gastric fundus.

Paraesophageal Dysphagia

Paraesophageal dysphagia occurs when the esophagus is narrowed due to extrinsic compression.

The ICD 10 Classifications

Oral phase - difficulty moving food or liquid to the back of the throat

Oropharyngeal phase - difficulty initiating swallowing

Pharyngeal phase - difficulty swallowing when food or liquid is at the top of the throat

Pharyngoesophageal phase - unable to find information

Other dysphagia- cervical dysphagia (caused by problems with the cervical spine) or neurogenic dysphagia (caused by problems with the central or peripheral nervous system)

Sources

x x x

+ some others I definitely (/sarcasm) didn't lose the link to

[daisybslt]

Speech & Language Pathology Stroke Terms

Disorganised list of terms used in slt for stroke- for study/quick reference.

AAC- Alternative augmentative communication.

ABI- Acquired brain injury (anytime after birth).

Agnosia- Inability to process sensory information (in Greek gnosis- "not knowing").

Aphasia- Impairment of language, affecting the production or comprehension of speech and the ability to read or write, depending on the affected area of the brain. (Greek a/without + phásis/speech").

Apraxia- Inability to execute purposeful, previously learned motor tasks, despite physical ability and willingness. (Greek a/without + praxis/action).

Aspiration- Food or fluid accidentally enters the lungs through the windpipe, often as a result of dysphagia.

Bilateral- Involving or affecting both sides, usually referencing both sides of the body.

Capacity- Ability to reason, make decisions and consider choices, express views and receive and understand information (AWI= Adult With Incapacity).

Cerebro-Vascular Accident (CVA)- Stroke.

Cognitive function- Anything involving thinking.

Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)- Blood clot forms in a deep vein.

Deglutition- The act of swallowing.

Dementia- Decline of function in the brain causes cognitive problems such as difficulty with memory, understanding and mood.

Dysfluency- Any type of speech which is marked with repetitions, prolongations and hesitations; an interruption in the flow of speech sounds. Commonly known as stuttering or stammering.

Dysarthria- Collection of motor speech disorders.

Dysphagia- Swallowing difficulties.

Embolism- Blockage of a blood vessel by a blood clot or piece of fatty material or other debris in the blood stream. An embolism is a type of stroke.

Enteral feeding- Feeding through a tube connected to the person's stomach.

FAST test- 'Facial drooping, Arm weakness, Speech problems, Time to call 999'

Fluency- Smoothness with which sounds, syllables, words and phrases are joined together during oral language.

Hemorrhagic stroke-  Caused when a blood vessel in the brain bleeds into the brain tissues or the space around the brain.

Hemianopia-  Loss of one half of your visual field. 

Hemiparesis- Weakness on one side of the body.

Hemiplegia- Complete paralysis on one side of the body.

Hypotonia- Abnormal decrease of muscle tone.

Ischemic stroke/ Infarct- Damage to the brain caused by lack of blood flow, usually from a clot. An area of tissue that is dead because of a loss of blood supply. This is the most common type of stroke.

Infarction- A sudden loss of a tissue’s blood supply causing the tissue to die.

Ischemia- Blood flow (and thus oxygen) is restricted or reduced in a part of the body. 

Ischemic penumbra- Areas of damaged but still living brain cells arranged in a patchwork pattern around areas of dead brain cells.

Lacunar stroke/infarct- When a small artery deep in the brain becomes blocked, causing a small area of damaged brain tissue.

Left hemisphere- Controls speech, comprehension, arithmetic, and writing.

Muscle tone- The degree of natural tension in a person's muscles. Abnormally high muscle tone can lead to muscle tightness and stiffness (spasticity). Very low muscle tone can cause floppiness (hypotonia).

Muscle tension- When muscles of the body remain semi-contracted for a period of time in the resting state.

Naso-gastric (NG) tube-  Medical catheter that's inserted through your nose into your stomach.  Used both to deliver substances to your stomach and to draw substances out.

Neglect- Not being aware of one side of the body and/or environment.

Neuron- Nerve cell.

Neuroplasticity- The ability of undamaged parts of the brain to take over the jobs of damaged areas.

Nystagmus- Continuous uncontrolled movement of the eyes.

Paralysis- Partly or entirely unable to move the affected parts of the body.

Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)- Feeding tube placed through the abdominal wall and into the stomach.

Right hemisphere- Controls creativity, spatial ability, artistic, and musical skills

Stroke- Occurs when something blocks blood supply to part of the brain or when a blood vessel in the brain bursts.

Spasticity- Abnormal increase in muscle tone or stiffness of muscle

Thrombolysis- An early treatment for some types of strokes caused by a blood clot.

Thrombosis- A blood clot that forms in an artery.

Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA)-  sometimes called a “mini-stroke”. Blood flow to the brain is blocked for a short time, usually no more than 5 minutes.

Vertebral artery dissection (VAD)- A tear in the walls of an artery at the back of the neck, blood can then get between the layers of artery walls and can lead to a clot forming, causing a blockage (a stroke).

Visual field loss- The loss of sight in a particular area of visual field.