#Dwarf Cavendish

[spuddragon]

Plant update because I haven't posted anything about my plants in a while:

In order, we have my pineapple, banana (dwarf Cavendish or blue java), moonflower, starfruit, mango, and mother of thousands+MOSS

[andietries]

I need to know if Dan Povenmire based Cavendish and Dakota in Rimmer and Lister because it’s literally them

[dabbertcustomblades]

We are finally getting some bananas from our dwarf cavendish banana tree, these are the same kind as you buy in the grocery store.

[yourluckieday]

I know for a fact that Katsuki would grumble and moan about my habit of anthropomorphizing things in our home, like plants, and the German steam cleaner I just had to have, I named him Fritz. But I know that when he watches me out on our balcony watering all the plants; talking to our lemon tree, Mina, and our Cavendish Dwarf Banana, I named Kevin (for some strange reason), he does his best to memorize their names. So when I'm away from home for an extended period of time, he can do the same thing I do, and talk to them. He sends me pictures of Mina, and says her leaves are finally recovering, and Kevin is growing new leaves, and we should probably repot him soon. Facetimes me while he's misting Princess (my hybrid fuchsia) and complains that she is "the most dramatic plant ever," cause it's too hot and he's worried that he's killing her cause her leaves are slightly wilting. He calls all the other plants ladies, so when he calls me first thing in the morning he says he "watered the ladies this morning, gave them extra water cause it's still hot as shit." He may "hate" my habit of giving human qualities to things that aren't human, but whenever we buy a new plants, or a new electronic device, he asks "what are we gonna name this one?"

[lengthofropes]

In other good news - dwarf cavendish banana seedlings came today! 🥰🍌💓 so this is me unpacking under the light of a headlamp, cause there’s no electricity since 3 am (it’s been 14 hours) due to the recent drones attack on Kyiv.

Cat likes them, as you can see)) life goes on and fuck it, I’m gonna have smol bananas this (or next, we’ll see) summer!

[kaz3313]

Ships I started shipping in 2022- a list (won’t include all of them just ones I can think of):

Cavendish/Dakota (Milo Murphy’s Law): Cute. Gay. Time travelers. What more could I want. A solid 8/10 just because- unfortunately- pretty small fandom and a show that is only two seasons

Mary Saotome/Tsuzura Hanatemari (Kakegurui Twin): Minus points just cause I completely forgot Tsuzura’s name and had to look it up. But points even out because THE END SCENE THAT IS HER FANTASYING A WEDDING. 7/10, can’t wait to see more of this spin off show :))

Amidamaru/Mosuke (Shaman king): Little bit of cheating because I originally got into Shaman King when I was much younger- but because of the reboot I’m counting this. A classic- characters who were always together, died, are spirits who can’t rest on without each other, etc. sadly I wish there was more of them (together) as a thing. 7/10

Amber Park/Ricky “Jupe” Park (Nope 2022): I mean… did you really think I wouldn’t add these two? First off they are Red/Blue couple- secondly their outfits slay- thirdly I’m actually shipping a canon ship (shocking). Yes I’ve contributed a considerable amount to their ao3 tag… no I don’t have problems. Yes I plan on making more 10/10 will ship again

Angel Torres/Otis Junior(OJ) (Nope 2022): I unfortunately have not made anything specifically shippy with them but have also enjoyed this pairing from just a “ah I have read things on this and enjoy”. They have cute moments together- I love them both platonic and romantic. Can’t go wrong with them 8/10

(For the sake of this list being a bunch of Nope ships I will not add more- but please not I do have more~)

Lee Jongsu/Kim Ben (Burning): The tension so fucking palatable. Hand in unlovable hand. More people need to watch this movie. It has the curse of No fanfictions and no recognition. 9/10

Dave Lister/Arnold Rimmer (Red Dwarf): THIS! SO MUCH!! JUST!! YES!! Okay- stuck together (check). Pretend to hate each other but care deeply for one another (check). Have a kiss scene- that was a dream BUT was a kiss scene- (check). Firstly an amazing show and secondly an amazing ship 10/10

Rick Grimes/Glenn Rhee (The Walking Dead-show): Ready to get crucified for this but Glenn is (so far) my bicycle and so I can’t not ship him with the main character. Maybe my opinions will change but for now I enjoy them greatly. Once again- rarepair and so they have almost no content. 7/10

That’s all for now- I definitely have more- hope y’all enjoyed~

[problemhaver]

A banana is an elongated, edible fruit – botanically a berry[1][2] – produced by several kinds of large herbaceous flowering plants in the genus Musa.[3] In some countries, bananas used for cooking may be called "plantains", distinguishing them from dessert bananas. The fruit is variable in size, color, and firmness, but is usually elongated and curved, with soft flesh rich in starch covered with a rind, which may be green, yellow, red, purple, or brown when ripe. The fruits grow upward in clusters near the top of the plant. Almost all modern edible seedless (parthenocarp) bananas come from two wild species – Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana. The scientific names of most cultivated bananas are Musa acuminata, Musa balbisiana, and Musa × paradisiaca for the hybrid Musa acuminata × M. balbisiana, depending on their genomic constitution. The old scientific name for this hybrid, Musa sapientum, is no longer used.

Musa species are native to tropical Indomalaya and Australia, and are likely to have been first domesticated in Papua New Guinea.[4][5] They are grown in 135 countries,[6] primarily for their fruit, and to a lesser extent to make fiber, banana wine, and banana beer, and as ornamental plants. The world's largest producers of bananas in 2017 were India and China, which together accounted for approximately 38% of total production.[7]

Worldwide, there is no sharp distinction between "bananas" and "plantains". Especially in the Americas and Europe, "banana" usually refers to soft, sweet, dessert bananas, particularly those of the Cavendish group, which are the main exports from banana-growing countries. By contrast, Musa cultivars with firmer, starchier fruit are called "plantains". In other regions, such as Southeast Asia, many more kinds of banana are grown and eaten, so the binary distinction is not as useful and is not made in local languages.

The term "banana" is also used as the common name for the plants that produce the fruit.[3] This can extend to other members of the genus Musa, such as the scarlet banana (Musa coccinea), the pink banana (Musa velutina), and the Fe'i bananas. It can also refer to members of the genus Ensete, such as the snow banana (Ensete glaucum) and the economically important false banana (Ensete ventricosum). Both genera are in the banana family, Musaceae.

The banana plant is the largest herbaceous flowering plant.[8] All the above-ground parts of a banana plant grow from a structure usually called a "corm".[9] Plants are normally tall and fairly sturdy with a treelike appearance, but what appears to be a trunk is actually a "false stem" or pseudostem. Bananas grow in a wide variety of soils, as long as the soil is at least 60 centimetres (2.0 ft) deep, has good drainage and is not compacted.[10] Banana plants are among the fastest growing of all plants, with daily surface growth rates recorded of 1.4 square metres (15 sq ft) to 1.6 square metres (17 sq ft).[11][12]

The leaves of banana plants are composed of a stalk (petiole) and a blade (lamina). The base of the petiole widens to form a sheath; the tightly packed sheaths make up the pseudostem, which is all that supports the plant. The edges of the sheath meet when it is first produced, making it tubular. As new growth occurs in the centre of the pseudostem the edges are forced apart.[13] Cultivated banana plants vary in height depending on the variety and growing conditions. Most are around 5 m (16 ft) tall, with a range from 'Dwarf Cavendish' plants at around 3 m (10 ft) to 'Gros Michel' at 7 m (23 ft) or more.[14][15] Leaves are spirally arranged and may grow 2.7 metres (8.9 ft) long and 60 cm (2.0 ft) wide.[1] They are easily torn by the wind, resulting in the familiar frond look.[16] When a banana plant is mature, the corm stops producing new leaves and begins to form a flower spike or inflorescence. A stem develops which grows up inside the pseudostem, carrying the immature inflorescence until eventually it emerges at the top.[17] Each pseudostem normally produces a single inflorescence, also known as the "banana heart". (More are sometimes produced; an exceptional plant in the Philippines produced five.[18]) After fruiting, the pseudostem dies, but offshoots will normally have developed from the base, so that the plant as a whole is perennial. In the plantation system of cultivation, only one of the offshoots will be allowed to develop in order to maintain spacing.[19] The inflorescence contains many bracts (sometimes incorrectly referred to as petals) between rows of flowers. The female flowers (which can develop into fruit) appear in rows further up the stem (closer to the leaves) from the rows of male flowers. The ovary is inferior, meaning that the tiny petals and other flower parts appear at the tip of the ovary.[20]

The banana fruits develop from the banana heart, in a large hanging cluster, made up of tiers (called "hands"), with up to 20 fruit to a tier. The hanging cluster is known as a bunch, comprising 3–20 tiers, or commercially as a "banana stem", and can weigh 30–50 kilograms (66–110 lb). Individual banana fruits (commonly known as a banana or "finger") average 125 grams (4+1⁄2 oz), of which approximately 75% is water and 25% dry matter (nutrient table, lower right).

The fruit has been described as a "leathery berry".[21] There is a protective outer layer (a peel or skin) with numerous long, thin strings (the phloem bundles), which run lengthwise between the skin and the edible inner portion. The inner part of the common yellow dessert variety can be split lengthwise into three sections that correspond to the inner portions of the three carpels by manually deforming the unopened fruit.[22] In cultivated varieties, the seeds are diminished nearly to non-existence; their remnants are tiny black specks in the interior of the fruit.[23]

The end of the fruit opposite the stem contains a small tip distinct in texture, and often darker in color. Often misunderstood to be some type of seed or excretory vein, it is actually just the remnants from whence the banana fruit was a banana flower.[24]

As with all living things on earth, potassium-containing bananas emit radioactivity at low levels occurring naturally from potassium-40 (40K or K-40),[25] which is one of several isotopes of potassium.[26][27] The banana equivalent dose of radiation was developed in 1995 as a simple teaching-tool to educate the public about the natural, small amount of K-40 radiation occurring in every human and in common foods.[28][29]

The K-40 in a banana emits about 15 becquerels or 0.1 microsieverts (units of radioactivity exposure),[30] an amount that does not add to the total body radiation dose when a banana is consumed.[25][29] By comparison, the normal radiation exposure of an average person over one day is 10 microsieverts, a commercial flight across the United States exposes a person to 40 microsieverts, and the total yearly radiation exposure from the K-40 sources in a person's body is about 390 microsieverts.[30][better source needed]

The word "banana" is thought to be of West African origin, possibly from the Wolof word banaana, and passed into English via Spanish or Portuguese.[31]

The genus Musa was created by Carl Linnaeus in 1753.[32] The name may be derived from Antonius Musa, physician to the Emperor Augustus, or Linnaeus may have adapted the Arabic word for banana, mauz.[33] According to Roger Blench, the ultimate origin of musa is in the Trans–New Guinea languages, whence they were borrowed into the Austronesian languages and across Asia, via the Dravidian languages of India, into Arabic as a Wanderwort.[34]

Musa is the type genus in the family Musaceae. The APG III system assigns Musaceae to the order Zingiberales, part of the commelinid clade of the monocotyledonous flowering plants. Some 70 species of Musa were recognized by the World Checklist of Selected Plant Families as of January 2013;[32] several produce edible fruit, while others are cultivated as ornamentals.[35]

The classification of cultivated bananas has long been a problematic issue for taxonomists. Linnaeus originally placed bananas into two species based only on their uses as food: Musa sapientum for dessert bananas and Musa paradisiaca for plantains. More species names were added, but this approach proved to be inadequate for the number of cultivars in the primary center of diversity of the genus, Southeast Asia. Many of these cultivars were given names that were later discovered to be synonyms.[36]

In a series of papers published from 1947 onwards, Ernest Cheesman showed that Linnaeus's Musa sapientum and Musa paradisiaca were cultivars and descendants of two wild seed-producing species, Musa acuminata and Musa balbisiana, both first described by Luigi Aloysius Colla.[37] Cheesman recommended the abolition of Linnaeus's species in favor of reclassifying bananas according to three morphologically distinct groups of cultivars – those primarily exhibiting the botanical characteristics of Musa balbisiana, those primarily exhibiting the botanical characteristics of Musa acuminata, and those with characteristics of both.[36] Researchers Norman Simmonds and Ken Shepherd proposed a genome-based nomenclature system in 1955. This system eliminated almost all the difficulties and inconsistencies of the earlier classification of bananas based on assigning scientific names to cultivated varieties. Despite this, the original names are still recognized by some authorities, leading to confusion.[37][38]

The accepted scientific names for most groups of cultivated bananas are Musa acuminata Colla and Musa balbisiana Colla for the ancestral species, and Musa × paradisiaca L. for the hybrid M. acuminata × M. balbisiana.[39]

Synonyms of M. × paradisiaca include

many subspecific and varietal names of M. × paradisiaca, including M. p. subsp. sapientum (L.) Kuntze

Musa × dacca Horan.

Musa × sapidisiaca K.C.Jacob, nom. superfl.

Musa × sapientum L., and many of its varietal names, including M. × sapientum var. paradisiaca (L.) Baker, nom. illeg.

Generally, modern classifications of banana cultivars follow Simmonds and Shepherd's system. Cultivars are placed in groups based on the number of chromosomes they have and which species they are derived from. Thus the Latundan banana is placed in the AAB Group, showing that it is a triploid derived from both M. acuminata (A) and M. balbisiana (B). For a list of the cultivars classified under this system, see "List of banana cultivars".

In 2012, a team of scientists announced they had achieved a draft sequence of the genome of Musa acuminata.[40]

[copybiz]

Lively Root City Pages

Spokane, WA

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Best Spokane Plants

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Spokane Plant Delivery

Spokane, WA may have a rare warm-summer Mediterranean climate along with cooler-than-normal temperatures during winter that makes enjoying the beauty and other health benefits year-round more challenging. Fortunately, with over 200 combined years of horticultural experience, Lively Root live plant delivery Spokane has the unmatched know-how to help you choose the best plant no matter what the weather. Try the Snake plant ‘La Rubia’, a variety that’s a pleasure to own since not only is it a symbol of beauty with its blondish-yellow leaf edges but it’s a super easy beginner plant too. You’ll also enjoy the African Violet, another easygoing plant that’s a burst of color wherever it goes with flowers that come in a range of colors.

Best Spokane Plants

Our mission at Lively Root is to inspire the green spaces that connect people with plants. We grew our live plant delivery Spokane from the ground up to help you live a greener and more sustainable lifestyle with the gift of nature 365 days a year. The good news is we ship free for standard delivery within 4-7 business days and at an additional cost for expedited or rush delivery. We currently ship to 48 states (like Washington) within the United States (excluding Hawaii and Alaska). Because we firmly dedicate ourselves to preserving our planet, we use only sustainable best practices.

Jacksonville, FL

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Best Jacksonville Plants

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Jacksonville Plant Delivery

Residents of Jacksonville, Florida know the long summers, short winters, and year round wet climate in the state’s most populous city can make it challenging to find the best indoor plants and outdoor plants for your home. Look no further than Lively Root’s live plant delivery Jacksonville service to bring the beauty and healthy perks of Mother Nature directly to your door. We recommend the Fiddle Leaf Fig, a gorgeous plant that’s an obvious choice when only the best will do. While they’re a little high maintenance, they have become one of the most popular houseplants ever. We likewise suggest the White Stripe Dragon Tree (Dracaena), a tropical variety by nature that’s not just easy to care for but highly adaptable too.

Best Jacksonville Plants

At Lively Root, we know everyone reaps rewards from connecting with plants. Our live plant delivery Jacksonville, FL service’s mission is to make going green a simple pleasure and a real convenience. Order plants anytime your more sustainable lifestyle demands. We ship free for standard delivery within 4-7 business days and at an additional cost for expedited or rush delivery. We currently ship to 48 states within the United States (excluding Hawaii and Alaska). Best of all, Lively Root wholeheartedly commits to Earth-friendly packaging and practices, so you never have to lose sleep over it.

Honolulu, HI

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Honolulu Plant Delivery

Honolulu, HI residents are lucky to experience relatively uniform temperatures throughout the year but also have six or seven major storms annually. When you can’t enjoy the gift of nature outdoors,Lively Root live plant delivery Honolulu can help you bring the beauty of nature indoors. For starters, the Musa Dwarf Cavendish Banana Tree is delightful to look at and touch with its broad-leaves and tropical vibe. Whether grown in a pot or planted in-ground, they can grow upwards of 6 feet and produce fruit once per tree. Next, the Fiddle Leaf Fig has large leaves and vibrant green colors, making them a pleasure to display. They take a lot more care, but an additional dimension to your green space.

Best Honolulu Plants

When only the best houseplants will do, Lively Root’s live plant delivery Honolulu is the obvious choice. We’re on a mission to inspire the green spaces where people can connect with plants. Taking our inspiration that everyone deserves a plant, we offer a true farm to table experience to bring happy plants to you and your loved ones. We ship free for standard delivery within 4-7 business days and at an additional cost for expedited or rush delivery. While we currently ship to 48 states within the United States (excluding Hawaii and Alaska), Honolulu, HI residents can still share the gift of nature to mainlanders.

[sainurserypendlehill]

Growing Banana Plants in Sydney: A Tropical Delight for Your Garden

If you’ve ever dreamed of adding a tropical flair to your Sydney garden, a banana plant is a perfect choice. Banana plants, with their lush, broad leaves and delicious fruit, can transform any outdoor space into a vibrant tropical oasis. Sydney’s warm climate provides the ideal conditions for growing banana plants, making it possible to enjoy homegrown bananas even in an urban environment. With the right care and attention, these fast-growing plants will not only enhance your garden’s aesthetic but also reward you with delicious fruit.

Why Grow Banana Plants in Sydney?

Banana plants are not only valued for their fruit but also for their ornamental appeal. Their large, arching leaves create a striking visual impact, adding a tropical touch to any space. In Sydney, where temperatures rarely dip below freezing, banana plants can thrive year-round. They are well-suited for growing in backyards, larger containers, or even as a decorative indoor plant.

There are several banana varieties suitable for Sydney’s climate, with dwarf varieties being particularly popular for smaller gardens or patios. These varieties include Dwarf Cavendish and Lady Finger, which are known for their manageable size and abundant fruit production.

How to Grow Banana Plants in Sydney

Location and Planting Banana plant in Sydney thrive in sunny locations that are sheltered from strong winds. Choose a spot in your garden that receives at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight each day. If you are growing your banana plant in a pot, make sure the container is large enough (at least 40 cm in diameter) and has good drainage, as banana plants don’t tolerate waterlogged soil.When planting in the ground, dig a hole that is twice as wide and deep as the plant’s root ball. Add organic compost to the soil to improve drainage and nutrient content. For best results, plant your banana in spring or early summer, giving it plenty of time to establish before winter.

Watering and Soil Bananas love water, but they also require well-draining soil. Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Water your banana plant deeply once or twice a week, depending on the weather, and more frequently during hot summer months. Mulching around the base of the plant will help retain moisture and keep the roots cool.The soil should be rich in organic matter, so consider adding compost or well-rotted manure around the plant to provide essential nutrients. Bananas also prefer slightly acidic soil with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5.

Fertilizing and Feeding Banana plants are heavy feeders, so regular fertilization is crucial for healthy growth and fruit production. Use a balanced, slow-release fertilizer every 4 to 6 weeks during the growing season (spring to summer). Alternatively, you can apply organic fertilizers like compost or manure. Bananas also benefit from regular applications of potassium-rich fertilizer, which promotes fruit development.

Pruning and Maintenance Banana plants require minimal pruning, but removing dead or damaged leaves will help the plant focus its energy on healthy growth. After your banana plant produces fruit, the main stem will die, and new shoots (called suckers) will emerge from the base. Allow one or two suckers to grow and produce the next crop, while removing any additional shoots to prevent overcrowding.

Pest and Disease Management While banana plants are relatively pest-resistant, they can occasionally suffer from aphids, spider mites, or banana weevils. Regularly inspect your plants and use organic insecticidal soaps if necessary. Avoid overwatering, as this can lead to root rot and fungal infections.

Harvesting Bananas

Banana plants typically take around 12 to 18 months to produce fruit. Once the bananas start to form, it may take another few months for them to ripen. When the bananas turn slightly yellow and the fruit is plump, they are ready to harvest. Cut the entire bunch from the plant and allow the bananas to ripen fully indoors.

Benefits of Growing Bananas at Home

Delicious Homegrown Fruit: Growing your own bananas means you get to enjoy the freshest, most flavorful fruit right from your garden. Bananas are a rich source of vitamins and nutrients, making them a healthy and convenient snack.

Ornamental Value: Even if you don’t harvest fruit, banana plants add beauty and a tropical feel to any garden with their large, dramatic leaves.

Sustainable Gardening: Growing your own fruit reduces the need for transportation and packaging, contributing to a more sustainable and eco-friendly lifestyle.

Conclusion

Growing banana plants in Sydney is a rewarding experience that combines ornamental beauty with delicious, homegrown fruit. With the right care, your banana plant will flourish and bring a touch of the tropics to your garden or patio. Whether you choose a dwarf variety for a smaller space or opt for a full-sized plant, bananas are a great addition to any garden in Sydney. Visit your local nursery to find the perfect banana variety for your garden and start enjoying the taste of homegrown bananas today!

[oaresearchpaper]

Eisenia fetida Extracts on Fusarium oxysporum Growth

Abstract

Banana wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense tropical race 4 (Foc TR4), is a worrying destructive banana disease of which there is not yet effective control measures. The present study aimed to evaluate the ability of earthworms Eisenia fetida to be biological control agents against Foc TR4. Methodological approach consisted of assessing interactions between Foc TR4 and (i) enzyme β-N-Acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAGase) and (ii) E. fetida extracts that are the coelomic fluid (CF) and the crude crushed (CC). Then NAGase were dosed in E. fetida CF. Foc TR4 growth was inhibited by NAGase but no effect was observed with the extracts CF and CC of E. fetida. Enzymatic dosage showed that CF contained 0.015 ± 0.006IU/mg protein as NAGase activity. These results suggest the possible use of E. fetida in biocontrol of Foc TR4 however through a process other than the extracts CC and CF. The outcomes of this study may constitute background data allowing to explore potential of earthworms in biocontrol of banana pathogenic fungi, which is of great significance to the development of banana industry system and to the reduction in the use of fungicides.

Introduction

Banana (Musa spp.) is one of the world's most important crops owing to its economic and food interest. Its fruits, namely cooking bananas (AAB, ABB, ...) and dessert bananas (AAA) are used in the diet of many populations in both importing and exporting countries (Lassoudière, 2007). In several tropical countries, plantain (AAB) is a staple food for various social strata. Plantain is an energetic food providing 120 kcal or 497 kJ per 100 g (Yao et al., 2014). Its commercialization constitutes a source of income for rural or lowincome populations (Ouina, 2017). Apart from bananas, other organs of banana plant such as pseudostem, leaves and peelings give rise to a wide variety of uses (animal feed, manufacture of industrial products) (Kumar et al., 2012; Jyothirmayi and Rao, 2015).

Like any plant crop, banana plant is prone to attacks by bacteria, viruses, fungi, nematodes and weevils. Among these attacks, fungi have been for a long time a growing threat and lead to severe affections of the leaves, stems, fruits and roots, resulting in significant yield reductions (Stover, 1959; Viljoen, 2002; De Bellaire et al., 2010; Dita et al., 2018). Fusarium wilt is one of the most serious fungal disease that affect banana plant. It is caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) and is responsible of constraints on banana production causing serious economic losses worldwide (Ploetz, 2015; Dita et al., 2018. Based on the pathogenicity to host cultivars, Foc is divided into physiological races 1, 2 and 4. Unlike races 1 and 2 which affected respectively Gros Michel (AAA) and Manzano/Apple/Latundan (Silk, AAB), and cooking bananas of the Bluggoe (ABB) subgroup, race 4 has a broad host range. It infects almost all cultivars including "Dwarf Cavendish" (Musa sp. AAA group) as well as the hosts of race 1 and race 2 (Lassoudière, 2007; Sutherland et al., 2013; Lin et al., 2013). Race 4 has been split into subtropical race 4, which affects “Cavendish” and races 1 and 2 suscepts in the subtropics, and tropical race 4, which affects many of the same cultivars as subtropical race 4 in the tropics when disease-predisposing conditions are absent (Ploetz, 2015). Furthermore, vegetative compatibility which has been implemented owing to confusions of the race structure often happening in delineating strains of Foc, allow to identified a total of 24 vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs). Tropical race 4 is designated as VCG 01213/16 and subtropical race 4 belong to VCGs 0120, 0121, 0122, 0129 and 01211 (Dita et al., 2010; Mostert et al., 2017). Fusarium wilt, also known as Panama disease, affected several banana plantations in Australia, Taiwan, Philippines, India, Mozambique (Pegg et al., 1996; Ploetz, 2015; Viljoen et al., 2020) and South Africa (Viljoen, 2002). Control methods against Fusarium wilt that have been developed have focused on chemical (fungicide application) and cultural treatments, selection and varietal improvement by hybridization techniques (Bakry et al., 2005; Lassoudière, 2007). However, these control methods have shown limitations in adapting or mutating pathogens, in inaccessibility of improved banana varieties to farmers with low incomes (Ploetz, 2005; Kra et al., 2009).

Indeed, the banana cultivar "Gros Michel", which was the basis of banana export trade in Central America and resistant to Fusarium wilt, became sensitive in the years 1940 to 1950 and was replaced by the cultivar "Cavendish" (Ploetz, 2005). "Cavendish", the current export cultivar, has become sensitive since 1970 to Foc race 4 (Visser et al., 2009). Fungicide use is increasingly criticized by consumer associations and scientists due to their harmful effects on environment and on human health are (Lassoudière, 2007; Cirad, 2011, Brühl and Zaller, 2019). Regarding worrying destructible effects of Fusarium wilt and galloping world demography (for example 48,796,000 inhabitants in 2050 in Côte d’Ivoire so the double of the current population) (UN, 2015), efforts to protect and develop the production of this staple food should be intensified. Faced with the constraints related to the means of controlling Fusarium wilt previously mentioned, biological control is much explored as an alternative by the research (Gbongué et al., 2012; Mohammed et al., 2019; Torres-Trenas et al., 2019).

Earthworms are soil invertebrates that participate in soil aeration and water infiltration, increasing the nutrients content of the soil, mixing soil minerals with organic material. All making these organisms soil fertility agents (Römbke et al., 2005; Bhadauria and Saxena, 2010). In addition to this capacity of affecting positively soil functioning, earthworms were found to have potent antimicrobial activities. Indeed, they have developed innate immune mechanisms that detect pathogens by recognizing conserved molecular patterns (Prakash and Gunasekaran, 2011). Earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae paste showed inhibitory activity against pathogens such as bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Kebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella abony, and fungi Candida albicans, Aspergillus flavus and Trichophytum rubrum (Vasanthi et al., 2013).

According Pan et al. (2003), the coelomic fluid of the earthworm, Eisenia fetida andrei (Savigny) was demonstrated to possess an antimicrobial activity directed against earthworm pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila and Bacillus megaterium. Thus, living in an environment with abundant pathogens, earthworms developed defense strategies against the living pathogens.

For instance, they have suspected to synthesize β-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase (NAGase), an enzyme that hydrolyses chitin, one of the main constituents ensuring the rigidity of fungal wall (Guthrie and Castle, 2006). These defense strategies or metabolite compounds allowing to implement defense strategies can be exploited for finding innovative biological solutions to issues related to above mentioned means of controlling Fusarium wilt.

This study proposes to evaluate the ability of earthworms to be biological control agents against the fungus Foc TR4. Eisenia fetida is a favorite worm species for composting and is frequently used as a biological monitor for experimental tests (OECD, 1984; Garg et al., 2006; Ouina et al., 2017). Specifically, interactions between Foc TR4 and (i) enzyme NAGase and (ii) E. fetida extracts (crude crushed and coelomic fluid) were assessed.

Source : Eisenia fetida Extracts on Fusarium oxysporum Growth | InformativeBD

[diabetesreversalprograminindia]

Is Banana stem good for Diabetes?

Fruits are a valuable source of vitamins and other essential nutritional value enriched minerals sources of food. One such special fruit which is widely available in India is Banana and its variants. The different varieties of bananas grown in India are Basrai, Singapuri, Dwarf Cavendish, Robusta, Rasthali, Monthan, Elakkibale, Nendran (plantain, Red Banana, etc. The main banana-growing states are Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Gujarat, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Bihar.

Banana Nutritions contains Potassium: 9% of the RDI (Recommended dietary intake), Vitamin B6, C: 33%,Copper: 10% ,Manganese: 14%, Net carbs: 24 grams, Fiber: 3.1 grams.

Banana stems can play a big role in diabetes. Banana stems are rich in fiber and can help treat ulcers and acidity. They are also packed with potassium and vitamin B6, promoting hemoglobin and insulin production, and supporting muscle repair and growth, similar to the fruit itself.

Banana stem Health benefits in Diabetes

Anti-diabetic

Detoxification and digestion

Weight loss

FFD has innovate Banana Stem Smoothie Recipe, and Banana Stem & Lentil Potage (Vazhai Thandu Paruppu Usili) Recipe. Please visit our Article.

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[growhubae]

The Complete Guide to Growing Banana Plants at Home

Banana plants are not only a source of delicious and nutritious fruit but also add a tropical touch to any garden or indoor space. Growing banana plants at home can be a rewarding experience, but it requires careful attention to their specific needs. In this comprehensive guide, we will cover everything you need to know to successfully grow banana plants at home, from choosing the right variety to planting, care, and harvesting tips.

Choosing the Right Variety

Before you start growing banana plants, it's essential to choose the right variety for your climate and space. Some popular varieties for home growing include Dwarf Cavendish, which is ideal for small spaces, and Grand Nain, known for its sweet fruit and disease resistance. Check with your local nursery or agricultural extension office for advice on the best variety for your area.

Planting

Banana plants thrive in warm, humid conditions with well-draining soil. Choose a location that receives full sun for most of the day. Plant your banana plants in a hole that is twice as wide and deep as the root ball. Mix in some compost or well-rotted manure to enrich the soil before planting. Space multiple plants at least 5 to 10 feet apart, depending on the variety.

3. Care

Banana plants require regular watering to keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Fertilize your plants every 2-3 months with a balanced fertilizer to promote healthy growth. Mulching around the base of the plants can help retain moisture and suppress weeds. Prune away dead or damaged leaves to encourage new growth.

Harvesting

Banana plants typically take 9-12 months to produce fruit, depending on the variety and growing conditions. Harvest bananas when they are fully mature but still green. Cut the entire bunch from the plant and hang it in a cool, dry place to ripen. Bananas can also be harvested while still green and allowed to ripen off the plant.

Fun Point:

Did you know that banana plants are not actually trees but giant herbs? They belong to the same family as lilies, orchids, and palms.

Conclusion

In conclusion, growing banana plants at home can be a fun and rewarding experience. By choosing the right variety, planting in the right location, providing proper care, and harvesting at the right time, you can enjoy a bountiful harvest of delicious bananas. For more detailed information on banana plant cultivation, refer to research papers and scientific journals like the Journal of Horticultural Science & Biotechnology. For more information and products related to banana plant cultivation, visit Growhub.ae.

[opabiniasarecool]

Cavendish

Burro

Manzanno

Lakatan

Common

Kandarian

Nanjanagud

Lady Finger

Pisang Rija

Plantain

Apple (no, I'm not kidding)

Gros

Musa

Blue Java

Red

Fe'i

Buggoe

Gros Michel

Mysore

Rhino Horn

Saba

Masak Hijua

Latundan

Grand Nain

Golden Finger

Flhordan 920

Changalikdoan

Taqua

Thia

True plantains

Dwarf Canvendish

Matoke

(btw, most of these are cultivars, not species themselves. Idk. I'm to lazy to list the over 1000 varieties :p)

Oh, you're a fan of the Yiga Clan? Name every banana.

[spacenutspod]

Approximately 4.1 to 3.8 billion years ago, the planets of the inner Solar System experienced many impacts from comets and asteroids that originated in the outer Solar System. This is known as the Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB) period when (according to theory) the migration of the giant planets kicked asteroids and comets out of their regular orbits, sending them hurtling towards Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. This bombardment is believed to have distributed water to the inner Solar System and maybe the building blocks of life itself. According to new research from the University of Cambridge, comets must travel slowly – below 15 km/s (9.32 mi/s) – to deliver organic material onto other planets. Otherwise, the essential molecules would not survive the high speed and temperatures generated by atmospheric entry and impact. As the researchers found, such comets are only likely to occur in tightly bound systems where planets orbit closely to each other. Their results show that these systems would be a good place to look for evidence of life (biosignatures) beyond the Solar System. The research was conducted by Richard Anslow and Amy Bonsor, a Ph.D. Student and a Royal Society University Research Fellow from the Institute of Astronomy at the University of Cambridge (respectively). They were joined by Paul Rimmer, an SCOL Senior Fellow with the Cavendish Laboratory’s Astrophysics Group at the University of Cambridge. Their paper, titled “Can comets deliver prebiotic molecules to rocky exoplanets?” appeared on November 15th in the Proceedings of the Royal Society A. The many tails of Comet 73P. Credit and copyright: Michael Jaeger. In our Solar System, most comets originate in the Kuiper Belt, the circumstellar disk extending 30 astronomical units (AUs) – beyond Neptune’s orbit – to approximately 50 AU. When Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs) collide, they can get “kicked” by Neptune’s gravity towards the Sun, eventually getting captured by Jupiter’s gravity. Some of these comets will then be hurled past the Asteroid Belt and make their way into the inner Solar System. These comments will grow “tails” as they approach the Sun as rising temperatures cause their frozen volatiles to sublimate. Scientists have also learned that comets can contain prebiotic molecules, which are the building blocks of life. This includes hydrogen cyanide, methanol, formaldehyde, ethanol, ethane, and more complex molecules like long-chain hydrocarbons and amino acids. For example, samples returned from the Ryugu asteroid in 2022 showed evidence of intact amino acids and nicotinic acid, an organic molecule otherwise known as vitamin B3. However, not all these elements can remain intact when entering a planet’s atmosphere and hitting the surface. As Anslow said in a University of Manchester press release: “We’re learning more about the atmospheres of exoplanets all the time, so we wanted to see if there are planets where complex molecules could also be delivered by comets. It’s possible that the molecules that led to life on Earth came from comets, so the same could be true for planets elsewhere in the galaxy. “We wanted to test our theories on planets that are similar to our own, as Earth is currently our only example of a planet that supports life. What kinds of comets, traveling at what kinds of speed, could deliver intact prebiotic molecules? In these tightly packed systems, each planet has a chance to interact with and trap a comet. It’s possible that this mechanism could be how prebiotic molecules end up on planets.” Artist’s concept of a rocky planet orbiting a red dwarf, which is part of the triple star system LTT 1445A. Credit: NASA/ESA/L. Hustak (STScI) For their research, the team sought to place some limits on the types of planets where comets could successfully deliver complex molecules. Using various mathematical models, the researchers determined that comets can deliver the precursor molecules for life, but only in certain scenarios. Their results showed that the most likely place to find comets that travel at the right speeds are “peas in a pod” systems, which are made up of planets that orbit closely together. In these systems, comets can be attracted by the gravitational pull of one planet and then “bounced” to another before impact. If the comet is transferred from one orbit to another enough, it will slow down enough that some prebiotic molecules could survive atmospheric entry. Their results also showed that for Sun-like stars, the odds of prebiotic molecules surviving were even better if the planets were low-mass. But for planets orbiting low-mass stars (such as M-type red dwarfs), closely-orbiting planets were especially important. If rocky planets in these systems were loosely packed, they would suffer far more high-velocity impacts, creating a significant challenge for life on these planets. These results could help astronomers determine where to look for signs of life (biosignatures) beyond our Solar System. Said Anslow: “It’s exciting that we can start identifying the type of systems we can use to test different origin scenarios. It’s a different way to look at the great work that’s already been done on Earth. What molecular pathways led to the enormous variety of life we see around us? Are there other planets where the same pathways exist? It’s an exciting time, being able to combine advances in astronomy and chemistry to study some of the most fundamental questions of all.” Further Reading: University of Cambridge, Proceedings of the Royal Society A The post Under Some Conditions, Comets Could Deliver Organic Molecules to Planets appeared first on Universe Today.

[kaaduorganics]

Buy Robusta Banana online in Chennai

Shop Robusta Banana online in Chennai by Kaaduorganics. The Robusta cultivar of banana is one that is grown largely for processing and cooking. Although it goes by the name “Cavendish” banana, that name should not be confused with that of the “Dwarf Cavendish” banana, a separate type. Robusta bananas are more suited for cooking and processing because they have a thicker, more fibrous peel than dessert bananas.