#Department of Water Resources
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Ramdas Soren Sworn in as Jharkhand's 12th Minister
Ramdas Soren takes charge of Water Resources and Higher Education Departments; grand welcome in Jamshedpur. Ghatshila MLA Ramdas Soren has been appointed as Jharkhandâs 12th minister, taking charge of the Water Resources and Higher Education Departments. JAMSHEDPUR â Ghatshila MLA Ramdas Soren was sworn in as the 12th minister of Jharkhand, overseeing Water Resources and Higher Education. DuringâŚ
#ŕ¤ŕ¤Žŕ¤śŕĽŕ¤Śŕ¤ŞŕĽŕ¤°#Ghatshila MLA#Ghordabanda celebrations#Higher Education Department#Jamshedpur welcome#Jharkhand minister#Jharkhand Mukti Morcha#Life#Prakash Sahay#Ramdas Soren#traditional rituals#Water Resources Department
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#youtube#news#Columbia River Treaty#Transboundary Cooperation#Treaty Negotiations#US State Department#Historic Announcement#Shared Resources#Blinken#Columbia River Basin#Columbia River Gorge#Indigenous Rights#Environmental Conservation#International Relations#Diplomacy#Pacific Northwest#Columbia River#US-Canada Relations#Canada Foreign Ministry#Water Management#Joly#Hydroelectric Power
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#indiana#conservation#endangered species#salamanders#water is life#wetlands#protect water creatures#mudpuppies#mudpuppy salamander#Indiana department of natural resources#natural resources#purdue extension forestry & natural resources#take action#kindness#reverence for all life
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Chat
200 notes: I will drink the actual recommended amount of water today and try to drink more water everyday
500 notes: I will add reminders on weekends to eat (Because if you didn't know thats a major problem for me)
1000 notes: I will tell the school resources department about my extreme dysphoria
2500 notes: I will put streaming at the TOP of my to do list, instead of the middle
5000 notes: I will release the Katie Ka7 Discord links immediately
10000 notes: I will speedrun the fuck out of setting up streaming
and the big one: 100k Notes: I will stream within the day, regardless of quality or comprehension.
(I know 10k to 100k is a big jump but I need time. Also the original goal for that was 500k sooo)
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some words for worldbuilding (pt. 1)
Air
billow, breath, bubble, draft, effervescence, fumes, puff, vapor
Arena
aquarium, bazaar, coliseum, field, hall, mecca, stage
Building
abbey, architecture, armory, asylum, bakery, bar, booth, cathedral, club, construction, court, department store, dock, edifice, emergency room, factory, food court, fort/fortress, framework, garrison, greasy spoon, hacienda, hangout, headquarters, hotel, inn, institute/institution, jetty, laboratory, mansion, mental hospital, monastery, mosque, museum, nursing home, office, pavilion, penitentiary, plant, prison, rampart, repository, ruins, sanctuary, shrine, skyscraper, stockade, storeroom, structure, temple, theater/theatre, treasury, warehouse, wharf
City
capital, metropolis, town, village
Furniture
altar, banister, bench, booth, bunk, cabinet, chair, couch, crib, davenport, dresser, furnishings, futon, jetty, lectern, partition, perch, platform, pulpit, rail/railing, screen, secretary, stand, wardrobe
Geographic division
area, county, desert, dynasty, kingdom, outskirts, quarter, sector, suburb, territory, tract, zone
Habitat
abode, ecosystem, environmentalist, habitat/habitation, harbor, home, land, nest, paradise, premises, refuge, settlement, tent
Habitat, human: accommodations, apartment, barracks, cabin, castle, condominium, convent, domesticity, dungeon, element, encampment, estate, grange, hacienda, home, house, housing, hut, jail, lodging, madhouse, monastery, neighborhood, old country, palace, prison, reservation, resort, sanctuary, shanty, suite, vacancy, villa
Habitat, rural: barn, burrow, conservatory, desert, farm, forest, grange, jungle, sanctuary, wilderness/wilds, wood/woods
Land
abyss, avalanche, bank, bay, bed, bluff, campus, cape, cavern, cliff, compost, cove, crevice/crevasse, dirt, downgrade, dune, elevation, estuary, expanse, field, fossil, garden, glacier, gorge, green, ground, gulf, harbor, hillock, inlet, knoll, landscape, lawn, lot, marshy, menagerie, mine, moat, mound, mountainous, nature, outlook, park, patio, pit, plateau, plaza, porch, prairie, projection, property, quagmire, ravine, ridge, savanna, shelf, soil, stack, table, trench, tundra, valley, well, wood/woods, yard
Nation
country, home, land, nationality, soil, state
Personal item
adornment, amulet, beads, best-seller, briefcase, cache, cargo, charm, contraceptive, disguise, effects, equipment, favorite, gem, glasses, handbag, jewelry, knickknack, luggage, marionette, memorabilia, necklace, novelty, object dâart, odds-on-favorite, paraphernalia, pledge, possession, pride, puppet, purse, resources, ring, souvenir, stuff, supplies, sustenance, thing/things, trappings, trifle, valuable
Planet
cosmos, Earth, galaxy, moon, planet, sphere, world
Region
capital, commonwealth, quarter, region, settlement, suburb
Room
alcove, attic, bath, bedroom, boutique, cellar, den, enclosure, foyer, gin mill, hall, lavatory, loft, outhouse, parlor, restaurant, saloon, shop, stage, store, tenement, theater/theatre, vestibule
Shape
angular, beaten, billowy, checkered, concave, conical/conic, crescent, curly, deformed, elliptical, flat, gnarled, kinky, misshapen, obtuse, round, shapeless, spiral, straight
Vehicle
camper, conveyance, motorcade, transport
Vehicle, air: aircraft, armada, blimp, dirigible, helicopter, shuttle, UFO
Vehicle, land: ambulance, bicycle, car, cherry-picker, dolly, excavator, model, traffic, truck
Vehicle, water: armada, boat, craft, fleet, sailboat, yacht
Water
abyss, aqueduct, basin, beach, blackball, brook, cape, channel, condensation, creek, deep, estuary, fountain, gulf, heading, inlet, lake, oasis, pond, promontory, reservoir, sea, spray, strait, tide, wash, wave, whirlpool
NOTE
The above are concepts classified according to subject and usage. It not only helps writers and thinkers to organize their ideas but leads them from those very ideas to the words that can best express them.
It was, in part, created to turn an idea into a specific word. By linking together the main entries that share similar concepts, the index makes possible creative semantic connections between words in our language, stimulating thought and broadening vocabulary.
Source â Writing Basics & Refreshers â On Vocabulary
#worldbuilding#vocabulary#langblr#writeblr#writing reference#spilled ink#creative writing#dark academia#setting#writers on tumblr#poets on tumblr#poetry#literature#writing tips#writing prompt#writing#words#lit#studyblr#fiction#light academia#writing resources
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Exploring how Arrowsmith North Silica Sand Project by VRX Silica advances?
Discover the notable progress made by VRX Silica Limited (ASX: VRX) in the approval process for the Arrowsmith North Silica Sand Project. Learn about the commencement of the Public Environmental Review (PER) period and the company's dedication to addressing stakeholder feedback. Get insights into VRX Silica's investor outlook and explore the projects within their expansive silica sand portfolio in Western Australia.
When it comes to sustainable silica sand projects, VRX Silica Limited is making significant strides. With the initiation of the four-week Public Environmental Review (PER) period, following the publication of the Environmental Review Document (ERD), VRX Silica's Arrowsmith North Silica Sand Project is advancing closer to reality.
The acceptance of the Arrowsmith North Environmental Review Document by the Department of Water and Environmental Regulation (DWER) further demonstrates the company's commitment to transparency and environmental responsibility.
During the PER process, VRX Silica understands the importance of addressing all comments received regarding the Arrowsmith North Silica Sand Project proposal. This comprehensive review and response stage serves as the final step before the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) of Western Australia prepares an assessment report. The recommendations made in the report will play a crucial role in the approval decision by the Western Australian Environment Minister.
Investor Outlook:
VRX Silica's commitment to sustainability and responsible resource extraction has captured the attention of investors. With a share price of AUD 0.125 per share and a 52-week range of AUD 0.093 to AUD 0.190 per share, the company's performance in the market has been notable. As of June 19th, 2023, VRX Silica has a market capitalization of AUD 70 million, with 560.40 million shares issued.
About VRX Silica:
VRX Silica Limited is an ASX-listed pure-play silica sand company with a dedicated focus on driving innovation and sustainable practices. The company's portfolio comprises four silica sand projects in Western Australia. In addition to the Arrowsmith North Silica Sand Project, they also have the Arrowsmith Central Silica Sand Project, located near Eneabba, south of Geraldton. Furthermore, VRX Silica has the Muchea Silica Sand Project, situated north of Perth, and the Boyatup Silica Sand Project, positioned 100 km east of Esperance.
Conclusion:
The Arrowsmith North Silica Sand Project by VRX Silica is making significant progress in its approval process, evident through the commencement of the PER period and the publication of the ERD. By addressing stakeholder feedback and adhering to sustainable practices, VRX Silica is laying a strong foundation for the project's success. With their robust investor outlook and dedication to responsible resource extraction, VRX Silica continues to shape the future of the silica sand industry in Western Australia.
#VRX Silica#Arrowsmith North Silica Sand Project#Public Environmental Review#Environmental Review Document#Department of Water and Environmental Regulation#DWER#Environmental Protection Authority#EPA#Western Australia#assessment report#investor outlook#share price#market capitalization#sustainability#silica sand projects#Arrowsmith Central Silica Sand Project#Muchea Silica Sand Project#Boyatup Silica Sand Project#silica sand industry#resource extraction#ASX-listed#sustainability practices#stakeholder feedback#responsible resource extraction#transparent processes#environmental responsibility#market performance#Western Australian Environment Minister#silica sand portfolio#resource development
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Things the Biden-Harris Administration Did This Week #38
Oct 11-18 2024
President Biden announced that this Administration had forgiven the student loan debt of 1 million public sector workers. The cancellation of the student loan debts of 60,000 teachers, firefighters, EMTs, nurses and other public sector workers brings the total number of people who's debts have been erased by the Biden-Harris Administration using the Public Service Loan Forgiveness to 1 million. the PSLF was passed in 2007 but before President Biden took office only 7,000 people had ever had their debts forgiven through it. The Biden-Harris team have through different programs managed to bring debt relief to 5 million Americans and counting despite on going legal fights against Republican state Attorneys General.
The Federal Trade Commission finalizes its "one-click to cancel" rule. The new rule requires businesses to make it as easy to cancel a subscription as it was to sign up for it. It also requires more up front information to be shared before offering billing information.
The Department of Transportation announced that since the start of the Biden-Harris Administration there are 1.7 million more construction and manufacturing jobs and 700,000 more jobs in the transportation sector. There are now 400,000 more union workers than in 2021. 60,000 Infrastructure projects across the nation have been funded by the Biden-Harris Bipartisan Infrastructure Law. Under this Administration 16 million jobs have been added, including 1.7 construction and manufacturing jobs, construction employment is the highest ever recorded since records started in 1939. 172,000 manufacturing jobs were lost during the Trump administration.
The Department of Energy announced $2 billion to protect the U.S. power grid against growing threats of extreme weather. This money will go to 38 projects across 42 states and Washington DC. It'll upgrade nearly 1,000 miles worth of transmission lines. The upgrades will allow 7.5 gigawatts of new grid capacity while also generating new union jobs across the country.
The EPA announced $125 million to help upgrade older diesel engines to low or zero-emission solutions. The EPA has selected 70 projects to use the funds on. They range from replacing school buses, to port equipment, to construction equipment. More than half of the selected projects will be replacing equipment with zero-emissions, such as all electric school buses.
The Department of The Interior and State of California broke ground on the Salton Sea Species Conservation Habitat Project. The Salton Sea is California's largest lake at over 300 miles of Surface area. An earlier project worked to conserve and restore shallow water habitats in over 4,000 acres on the southern end of the lake, this week over 700 acres were added bring the total to 5,000 acres of protected land. The Biden-Harris Administration is investing $250 million in the project along side California's $500 million. Part of the Administration's effort to restore wild life habitat and protect water resources.
The Department of Energy announced $900 Million in investment in next generation nuclear power. The money will help the development of Generation III+ Light-Water Small Modular Reactors, smaller lighter reactors which in theory should be easier to deploy. DoE estimates the U.S. will need approximately 700-900 GW of additional clean, firm power generation capacity to reach net-zero emissions by 2050. Currently half of America's clean energy comes from nuclear power, so lengthening the life space of current nuclear reactors and exploring the next generation is key to fighting climate change.
The federal government took two big steps to increase the rights of Alaska natives. The Departments of The Interior and Agricultural finalized an agreement to strengthen Alaska Tribal representation on the Federal Subsistence Board. The FSB oversees fish and wildlife resources for subsistence purposes on federal lands and waters in Alaska. The changes add 3 new members to the board appointed by the Alaska Native Tribes, as well as requiring the board's chair to have experience with Alaska rural subsistence. The Department of The Interior also signed 3 landmark co-stewardship agreements with Alaska Native Tribes.
The Department of Energy announced $860 million to help support solar energy in Puerto Rico. The project will remove 2.7 million tons of CO2 per year, or about the same as taking 533,000 cars off the road. It serves as an important step on the path to getting Puerto Rico to 100% renewable by 2050.
The Department of the Interior announced a major step forward in geothermal energy on public lands. The DoI announced it had approved the Fervo Cape Geothermal Power Project in Beaver County, Utah. When finished it'll generate 2 gigawatts of power, enough for 2 million homes. The BLM has now green lit 32 gigawatts of clean energy projects on public lands. A major step toward the Biden-Harris Administration's goal of a carbon pollution-free power sector by 2035.
Bonus: President Biden meets with a Kindergarten Teacher who's student loans were forgiven this week
#Thanks Biden#Joe Biden#kamala harris#student loans#click to cancel#politics#US politics#american politics#native rights#jobs#the economy#climate change#climate action#Puerto Rico
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The 7 Râs of Sustainability:
Did you know that ârecyclingâ is step 6 of the 7 Rs of sustainability? The other Râs are just as important even if they are often forgotten.
Rethink- Do I really need to buy this? The point of this step is to stop and think.
Refuse- Does this product damage the environment? If so, refuse to spend your money on it. i.e. single use plastics, harsh chemicals
Reduce- How much of this do I really need? Buy less! Buy in bulk when you can as it often equals less packaging to throw out.
Reuse- Can I use this product again? Can I fix what I have so that I donât need to buy something new? Reuse that plastic water bottle a few times. And instead of buying new, try thrift shopping, flea markets, yard sales etc.
Repurpose-Â Unlimited creativity! Does this item have another use? i.e. old torn clothes can be rags or plastic cups can be planters.
Recycle- Can I recycle this? Not everything can be. There are also some important steps to making sure your recycling is done properly. If unsure, look up local recycling regulations.
Rot- Can I compost this? Food waste, yard clippings, newspapers and many other items can be composted instead of being tossed in the trash. Composting is surprisingly simple and helps reduce harmful greenhouse gasses from entering the atmosphere.
What is the point of the Râs? The number one benefit of the 7 Râs are the reduction of the amount of waste sent to incinerators and landfills. The EPA website provides a lot of useful information. Other benefits that we can reap from implementing these concepts in our life are (as listed on the EPA website): ⢠Prevents pollution caused by reducing the need to harvest new raw materials ⢠Saves energy from not making a new product ⢠Reduces greenhouse gas emissions that contribute to climate change ⢠Helps sustain the environment and natural resources for future generations ⢠Saves money from processing our waste ⢠Increases economic security by tapping a domestic source of materials ⢠Helps create jobs in the recycling and manufacturing industries in the United States
https://www.northglenn.org/government/departments/public_works/trash/recycling.php https://www.nrdc.org/stories/composting-101 https://www.epa.gov/recycle https://www.northglenn.org/Recycling%20Article.pdf
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For years, the people of the Kitasoo/Xaiâxais First Nation watched over their waters and waited. They had spent nearly two decades working with Canadaâs federal government to negotiate protections for Kitasu Bay, an area off the coast of British Columbia that was vulnerable to overfishing.
But the discussions never seemed to go anywhere. First, they broke down over pushback from the fishing industry, then over a planned oil tanker route directly through Kitasoo/Xaiâxais waters.
âWe were getting really frustrated with the federal government. They kept jumping onboard and then pulling out,â says Douglas Neasloss, the chief councillor and resource stewardship director of the Kitasoo/Xaiâxais First Nation. âMeanwhile, weâd been involved in marine planning for 20 years â and we still had no protected areas.â
Instead, the nation watched as commercial overfishing decimated the fish populations its people had relied on for thousands of years.
Nestled on the west coast of Swindle Island, approximately 500km north of Vancouver, Kitasu Bay is home to a rich array of marine life: urchins and abalone populate the intertidal pools, salmon swim in the streams and halibut take shelter in the deep waters. In March, herring return to spawn in the eelgrass meadows and kelp forests, nourishing humpback whales, eagles, wolves and bears.
âKitasu Bay is the most important area for the community â thatâs where we get all of our food,â Neasloss says. âItâs one of the last areas where you still get a decent spawn of herring.â
So in December 2021, when the Department of Fisheries and Oceans withdrew from discussions once again, the nation decided to act. âMy community basically said, âWeâre tired of waiting. Letâs take it upon ourselves to do something about it,ââ Neasloss says.
What they did was unilaterally declare the creation of a new marine protected area (MPA). In June 2022, the nation set aside 33.5 sq km near Laredo Sound as the new Gitdisdzu Lugyeks (Kitasu Bay) MPA â closing the waters of the bay to commercial and sport fishing.
It is a largely unprecedented move. While other marine protected areas in Canada fall under the protection of the federal government through the Oceans Act, Kitasu Bay is the first to be declared under Indigenous law, under the jurisdiction and authority of the Kitasoo/Xaiâxais First Nation.
Pictured: "In some ways, I hope someone challenges us" ⌠the Kitasoo/Xaiâxais stewardship authority.
Although they did not wait for government approval, the Kitasoo did consult extensively: the declaration was accompanied by a draft management plan, finalised in October after three months of consultation with industry and community stakeholders. But the government did not provide feedback during that period, according to Neasloss, beyond an acknowledgment that it had received the plan...
Approximately 95% of British Columbia is unceded: most First Nations in the province of British Columbia never signed treaties giving up ownership of their lands and waters to the crown. This puts them in a unique position to assert their rights and title, according to Neasloss, who hopes other First Nations will be inspired to take a similarly proactive approach to conservation...
Collaboration remains the goal, and Neasloss points to a landmark agreement between the Haida nation and the government in 1988 to partner in conserving the Gwaii Haanas archipelago, despite both parties asserting their sovereignty over it. A similar deal was made in 2010 for the regionâs 3,400 sq km Gwaii Haanas national marine conservation area.
âThey found a way to work together, which is pretty exciting,â says Neasloss. âAnd I think there may be more Indigenous protected areas that are overlaid with something else.â
-via The Guardian, 5/3/23
#indigenous#indigenous issues#indigenous sovereignty#canada#british columbia#land back#first nations#tribal sovereignty#pacific northwest#marine protected area#conservation#sustainability#overfishing#marine science#canadian government#kitasoo-xai'xais#direct action#good news#hope
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More good things the Biden administration is doing: OSHA heat safety rules for workers
Remember when Texas and Florida passed laws preventing local and municipal governments from implementing their own heat safety rules and said that if heat is such a big problem, OSHA should make rules that apply to everyone? If not, NPR can remind you. OSHA has now accepted the challenge, moving much faster than they usually do:
OSHA National News Release U.S. Department of Labor July 2, 2024 Biden-Harris administration announces proposed rule to protect indoor, outdoor workers from extreme heat WASHINGTON â The U.S. Department of Labor has released a proposed rule with the goal of protecting millions of workers from the significant health risks of extreme heat. If finalized, the proposed rule would help protect approximately 36 million workers in indoor and outdoor work settings and substantially reduce heat injuries, illnesses, and deaths in the workplace. Heat is the leading cause of weather-related deaths in the U.S. Excessive workplace heat can lead to heat stroke and even death. While heat hazards impact workers in many industries, workers of color have a higher likelihood of working in jobs with hazardous heat exposure. âEvery worker should come home safe and healthy at the end of the day, which is why the Biden-Harris administration is taking this significant step to protect workers from the dangers posed by extreme heat,â said Acting Secretary of Labor Julie Su. âAs the most pro-worker administration in history, we are committed to ensuring that those doing difficult work in some of our economyâs most critical sectors are valued and kept safe in the workplace.â The proposed rule would require employers to develop an injury and illness prevention plan to control heat hazards in workplaces affected by excessive heat. Among other things, the plan would require employers to evaluate heat risks and â when heat increases risks to workers â implement requirements for drinking water, rest breaks and control of indoor heat. It would also require a plan to protect new or returning workers unaccustomed to working in high heat conditions. âWorkers all over the country are passing out, suffering heat stroke and dying from heat exposure from just doing their jobs, and something must be done to protect them,â said Assistant Secretary for Occupational Safety and Health Douglas L. Parker. âTodayâs proposal is an important next step in the process to receive public input to craft a âwin-winâ final rule that protects workers while being practical and workable for employers.â Employers would also be required to provide training, have procedures to respond if a worker is experiencing signs and symptoms of a heat-related illness, and take immediate action to help a worker experiencing signs and symptoms of a heat emergency. The public is encouraged to submit written comments on the rule once it is published in the Federal Register. The agency also anticipates a public hearing after the close of the written comment period. More information will be available on submitting comments when the rule is published. In the interim, OSHA continues to direct significant existing outreach and enforcement resources to educate employers and workers and hold businesses accountable for violations of the Occupational Safety and Health Actâs general duty clause, 29 U.S.C. § 654(a)(1) and other applicable regulations. Record-breaking temperatures across the nation have increased the risks people face on-the-job, especially in summer months. Every year, dozens of workers die and thousands more suffer illnesses related to hazardous heat exposure that, sadly, are most often preventable. The agency continues to conduct heat-related inspections under its National Emphasis Program â Outdoor and Indoor Heat-Related Hazards, launched in 2022. The program inspects workplaces with the highest exposures to heat-related hazards proactively to prevent workers from suffering injury, illness or death needlessly. Since the launch, OSHA has conducted more than 5,000 federal heat-related inspections. In addition, the agency is prioritizing programmed inspections in agricultural industries that employ temporary, nonimmigrant H-2A workers for seasonal labor. These workers face unique vulnerabilities, including potential language barriers, less control over their living and working conditions, and possible lack of acclimatization, and are at high risk of hazardous heat exposure.
#biden harris administration#biden administration#osha#heat safety#worker safety#biden 2024#biden harris 2024#vote for democrats#vote blue#vote biden#us politics#us law
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Dandelion News - September 8-14
Like these weekly compilations? Tip me at $kaybarr1735 or check out my new(ly repurposed) Patreon!
1. Pair of rare Amur tiger cubs debuting at Minnesota Zoo are raising hopes for the endangered species
â[The Minnesota Zooâs] Amur tigers have produced 57 cubs, [⌠21 of which] have gone on to produce litters of their own, amounting to another 86 cubs. [âŚ] âTheyâre showing a lot of resiliency, which is something that we work hard for in human care. We want these animals to have a lot of confidence and be able to adapt to new environments just as theyâre doing today.ââ
2. Powered by renewable energy, microbes turn COâ into protein and vitamins
âThe team designed a two-stage bioreactor system that produces yeast rich in protein and vitamin B9. [⌠The protein] levels in their yeast exceed those of beef, pork, fish, and lentils. [âŚ] Running on clean energy and CO2, the system reduces carbon emissions in food production. It uncouples land use from farming, freeing up space for conservation[⌠and] will help farmers concentrate on producing vegetables and crops sustainably.â
3. JCPenney Launches Apparel Collection Aimed At Wheelchair Users
âA major department store is rolling out a new line of clothing specifically tailored to meet the needs of women who use wheelchairs featuring options for both everyday wear and special occasions. [⌠The clothing have] modifications like zippers located for easy access, pocket positioning and extended back rises optimized for the seated position and shorter sleeves to limit interference with wheels.â
4. Snails bred in Edinburgh Zoo sent to re-populate species in French Polynesia
âThousands of rare partula snails bred at Edinburgh Zoo are to be released in French Polynesia to restore the wild population of the species.The last surviving few of the species were rescued in the early 1990s[âŚ.] 15 species and sub-species [are being bred in zoos for repopulation], the majority of which are classed as extinct in the wild.â
5. [NH Joins 19 Other States] to Provide Essential Behavioral Health Services Through Mobile Crisis Intervention Teams
â[CMS] approved New Hampshireâs Medicaid State Plan Amendment for community-based mobile crisis intervention teams to provide services for people experiencing a mental health or substance use disorder crisis. [âŚ] The multidisciplinary team provides screening and assessment; stabilization and de-escalation; and coordination with and referrals to health, social, and other services, as needed.â
6. Recovery plan for Missouri population of eastern hellbender
âIt is expected that recovery efforts for the Missouri DPS of the eastern hellbender will reduce sedimentation and improve water quality in the aforementioned watersheds, which will also improve drinking water, as well as benefit multiple federally listed mussels, sport fish and other aquatic species.â
7. How $7.3B will help rural co-ops build clean powerâand close coal plants
â[The funds are] serving about 5 million households across 23 states [⌠to] build wind and solar power, which is now cheaper than coal-fired power across most of the country. [âŚ] Some of it will be used to pay down the cost of closing coal plants[âŚ.] federal funding could help co-ops secure enough wind, solar, and battery resources to retire their entire coal capacity by 2032, cutting carbon emissions by 80 to 90 percent and reducing wholesale electricity costs by 10 to 20 percent[âŚ.]â
8. Native-led suicide prevention program focuses on building community strengths
â[Indigenous researchers have] designed programs that aim to build up a communityâs endemic strengths, rather than solely treating the risks facing individuals within that community. By providing support and resources that enable access to Alaska Native cultural activities, they hope to strengthen social bonds that build resilience. [âŚ] âIn a Yupâik worldview, suicide is not a mental health disorder, and itâs not an individual affliction, itâs a disruption of the collective.ââ
9. Another rare Javan rhino calf spotted at Indonesia park
âA new Javan rhino calf has been spotted in an Indonesian national park, the facility's head said Friday, further boosting hopes for one of the world's most endangered mammals after two other [âŚ] calves were spotted earlier this year at the park, which is the only habitat left for the critically endangered animal.â
10. Transparent solar cells can directly supply energy from glass surfaces
â[Researchers have] unveiled a method of supplying energy directly from glass of buildings, cars, and mobile devices through transparent solar cells. [âŚ] It has also succeeded in charging a smartphone using natural sunlight. It also proved the possibility that a screen of a small mobile device can be used as an energy source.â
September 1-7 news here | (all credit for images and written material can be found at the source linked; I donât claim credit for anything but curating.)
#hopepunk#good news#nature#tiger#endangered species#sustainability#animals#nutrition#jc penney#wheelchair user#adaptive clothing#fashion#snail#edinburgh#scotland#french polynesia#mental health#new hampshire news#missouri#hellbenders#salamander#wind energy#solar power#clean energy#native#community#rhino#technology#baby animals#solar panels
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so i thought like reader being williams social media manager and she is also Francos ex girlfriend. And now Franco is coming into f1 and they see each other again? I donât know if it makes sense hut yeah. Maybe you like the idea. Love your stuffđ
Hey sweetie đ ooooooh I love the idea! I love drama and second chances! Hope you like it. Thank you so much for your request! You are the first to do so. And so I wanted to let you know you made me so happy today :3 (sorry if it took a while but better late than ever! And I hope you have a wonderful day as well đŠľ)
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
âBut we were something, donât you think so? And if my wishes came true it wouldâve been youâ | FC43
Parings: Franco Colapinto x WilliamsRancingEmployee!Reader.
Summary: Franco and you broke up a while ago. You didnât expect to see him ever again until he starts driving in F1 for Williams Racing Team.
Now playing: âThe 1â by Taylor Swift.
Word count: +2,4k.
Warnings: a little angst? And fluff. Not a native English speaker so there could be errors. Not proofread.
Authorâs note: thank you anon for your request again! First time writing about Fran - maybe I could get used to this. Donât forget to like or reblog! And follow me so we can be friends :3 (and drink mate together!)
MASTERLIST
You were trying to not lose your umbrella because of the wind. It was raining pretty heavily. England was never a city where happy spirits lived. The sky itâs pretty much sad and depressed most days of the year. But you loved it. You loved feeling melancholy. Remembering your past with a smile or tears.
You had something of not overcoming the past pretty fast. Itâs really hard for you to let go and deal with deadlines.
You got finally to the bus stop where a ceiling was now protecting you a little from the water. You were heading for the Williams Racing factory where youâve worked for a few years now. You were the social media manager at Williams. And you had a meeting with the marketing department.
These last few months were really hard on you. And the reason was just one single person. And that was Franco.
You and Franco dated for two years back when he got in F4. You were teenagers. But still he was the guy who made you feel all the butterflies for the first time. The relationship didnât end pretty well. You didnât wanna end it but he told you that he had already made his decision. He needed to be focused to be able to jump to F1 and your romance to him was a distraction. That hurt you so much. And it still hurts thinking about it.
You heart stoped for a second when you saw a guy walking towards your same bus stop - you thought it was Franco because he takes the bus to work just like he always did since you two met. But it wasnât. Though the guy from afar looked a lot like him. You calmed yourself down.
You job got pretty tricky since Franco jumped finally into F1. You were so happy for him. You wanted to talk to him and tell him how proud of him you were but you couldnât. You were supposed to hate each other. Working with him was a challenge. You just decided to pretend you didnât even know who he was and treat him as you treated Alex or Logan before. Even though your heart raced so fast by just looking at him, talk to other people.
First time you saw him was back in august when James announced a new driver was chosen to replace Logan. You loved Logan. Such a great guy. But you understood this was also a business and money is top priority. And Williams isnât a team with many economic resources so each penny counted. James did an introduction to him a day before the race. He said hi to everyone. When you two saw each other just shook hands. You couldnât even look at him. When you were back home you had a breakdown and needed to call your therapist because you donât know how the fuck you were be able to deal him every single day. And even post about him most of the time because for your unlucky luck people became obsessed with him. Everybody loved Franco. And you understood why: he was the most charming and handsome boy you have ever met. And he didnât change a bit after one year of not seeing him - you thought - forever.
Finally you took the bus. You were gonna be late so you texted your co-worker Amanda to let her know it. You sat on the only free seat that there was.
You were preoccupied in revising everything you had to stay and show in your meeting you didnât realize the guy sitting next to you was actually franco.
After an awkward silence Franco broke the ice âhey⌠buenos dĂasâ he said with a raspy voice. He was nervous. Not sure if you were okay if he even opened his mouth.
You felt colder than the weather when you heard him. You looked at him to check you werenât dreaming and indeed you werenât. You give him a little smile. âOh hi franâ thatâs how you used to call him. Your heart sank a bit. âGood morning. Sorry I didnât see you. I have a reunion and didnât want to forget anything. You have a workout today?â You just decided to talk to him. A little chat wouldnât kill you. And you hated pretending you didnât know him. He smelled just the same. The same perfume. He had his mate bag with him and a boca juniors gym bag. Just as how you remembered him. You licked your lips nervously.
He nodded shyly and you saw his cheeks turning red for some reason. âYeah I have gym today. And everythingâs gonna be fine at the meeting. You always explain yourself perfectlyâ he said, sending you a sweet smile. His voice was deep and raspy. You knew he was still a little sleepy knowing it was almost 8am. You smiled back at him.
âThank youâ you said sweetly. Another weird silence took place between you two. You didnât know what to say. You just looked around.
âAre you still mad at me y/n?â He said out of nowhere. The words just jumped out of his mouth. He was still hunted by what happened between you two. You looked at him again, giving him a sad look. You denied it with your head.
âNo I'm not⌠Iâm just sad. We were something right? But you know. It was hard to let you go but yeahâŚâ you hesitated in what you could tell him. You didnât even know what you were feeling right now. He stared at you a few seconds and nodded looking down. He started playing with his fingers.
âMaybe we could talk about all of this when you finish your meeting? I really think we should talk. I⌠I donât like when you pretend you donât know me⌠like we never knew each other you know? I feel really guilty about it. And⌠Iâm proud of where you are now. It was your dream and you made it. And youâre really good at it. You give fans what they needâ he said shyly and sad? He was working hard to show he can be an F1 driver. That he deserves a seat. But also he was really sad because he since decided to end things with you. He already regretted it.
Yes, he was more focused but he didnât have your support. He isnât into physical touch but your hugs were his favorites. He would let you touch him forever. He felt empty and really lonely. Even his family had to deal with the grief of not having you around anymore.
Yes, it was worth it for a while when he had James tell him he was gonna drive an F1 car for the end of the season. But when he saw you standing there. More beautiful than he has ever seen you. You looked so happy and profesional. So beautiful. And bright. He hated himself right there. Because you'd have done it together if he wouldnât have been so selfish. He didnât think he was in love with you when you broke up. But as the time passed he felt miserable. Getting home and seeing no one. No music. No you playing sims and showing him the sims you created while he was gone. No cooking cookies for tea time or âmeriendaâ how it is called in Argentina. Anyone to share mates with or talk about the day. No one to cuddle on the sofa or to forget about everything in bed. No one to go out and eat dinner. Or day trips to London. There was nothing left.
He was an asshole to you. And he really hated himself for that.
You couldnât keep on talking because the bus was really where you needed to be. You both got down the bus in silence. And just walked side by side into the Williams factory announcing yourselves at the gate.
You were thinking about his offer. Like you needed it but at the same time you were scared. But you decided to follow your heart.
âSee you after the meeting then?â You said when he opened the door of the factory for you. His sad look turned into a very smiley one. He nodded.
âYeah yeah. Iâll be waiting for you at the cafeteria. Is that okay?â He said walking behind you because you were running late for the meeting. You turned to him a little.
âSounds good to me Fran. See you in a bitâ you said in a smile but feeling really weird at the same time. You didnât know if that chat was gonna be the end of you or the relief you just needed. You didnât know. But you knew you couldnât keep going the way you two were.
You disappeared from Franco's view while you ran up the stairs to the office where the meeting was being held. He just stared there for a few seconds wondering. He didnât know if talking was the best move but he felt better after you said yes. And he realized how bad he missed hearing you call him Fran. He got into the gym. Everyone was already there so he didnât have time to keep thinking about you. Now it was time for a great workout. And a pretty intense one.
(âŚ)
You got out of the office 2 hours later. It was intense. You had a headache now and you needed some coffee. You were regretting deciding to meet Franco but it is what it is. Maybe could it be relaxing? You didnât believe yourself. But you were sure you just had to give him another chance and maybe be friends.
You walked down the stairs and headed to the cafeteria. When you got there you could see Franco sitting alone at one of the tables. There wasnât anyone. It was just you and Franco and the women at the kitchen. You smiled. You were a little bit more relaxed knowing it was kind of private. First you headed into the kitchen and asked for a coffee. You knew Franco didnât want one because you saw him drinking mate. The woman handed the coffee politely to you and you thanked her with a sweet smile âhave a good rest of the day Ameliaâ you told her sweetly grabbing your coffee and now walking towards franco.
He saw you and gave you a bright smile. âHeyâ he said, moving his stuff so you could sit with him at the table and have space for your coffee and things. He was reading some papers that were given to him by one of the engineers back in the simulator.
You smiled looking at him. He had showered and smelled incredibly good. And he looked so gorgeous by the sunlight that was coming in from the window. âHey did I make you wait too long?â You said sitting down and getting comfy.
âNo no I got here like 30 minutes agoâ he said softly and sweetly. You looked so beautiful in your formal outfit. Though he remembered being crazy about you when you wore pajamas. You looked so cute. He missed you. Like crazy.
âOh okay. Thank you for waiting for meâ you thanked him and took a sip of your coffee. And he did the same with his mate.
âSo⌠how are you? Howâs your life been?â You said to start talking and leave the uncomfortness of the situation behind and just chill out and be okay with this. Or at least you wished that but you were a bit anxious of this conversation taking place.
âWell⌠to be fair it just depends on which aspect of my life you ask. In my driving life everythingâs been great. Better than I could ever have expected. In my personal life to be honest Iâve been miserableâ he said, giggling a little at the last part of his answer. You smiled sadly looking at him.
âWell maybe we arenât so different. Iâve been miserable too personally. And at work gray. Better than ever. But you know a guy I used to date decided to fuck my life up by just being selfish so yeah - lifeâs shitâ you really didnât want to go there so fast but you just couldnât control yourself. Youâre still hurt. And you needed to be vocal about it. You deserve it. You could see he got nervous and readjusted himself on his chair.
âOh yeah I think I remember him. He was an asshole to you. Then he felt empty and guilty and lonely and got depressed. But you know he deserved it for being such an idiot. I wouldnât have let you go if I were him. You are in fact an incredible woman with the worst sense of humor Iâve ever met. And by worst I mean best.â He said talking in third person funny. You couldnât help but laugh a little. You looked at him nodding.
âYeah he was a selfish asshole but we can also agree maybe that he looks gorgeous now. If he has another girl then I would be really jealous. He is really a sweetheart. And a professional clown. Very funny. He should do stand upâ you followed his way of navigating all of this mess you two created. He laughed and your heart melted. You loved making him laugh. Your heart started racing and butterflies reappeared in your stomach. You felt dumb.
âOh no he is pretty ugly in my opinion. You were too much for him but like positively. You are fucking sexy and he is just a dudeâ he said raising his shoulders quirky and funny. You got so flustered.
âWell maybe you're right. Iâm not gonna deny Iâm on top levelâ you said joking giggling. He smiled wildly. There you were again. The you he was madly in love with. And the he was. The guy who made you laugh until you cried. The one who made you so happy.
It wouldâve been fun if he wouldâve been the one. Or maybe does he still have a chance?
âLook y/n Iâm really sorry. I really am. I know that saying sorry doesnât fix anything but I would really love it if we could be friendly and try to figure this out on good terms?â He said more seriously and you nodded agreeing.
âYeah we can try. Everyone deserves a second chance right?âyou told him. You had mixed feelings about it but you knew that maybe this was the best you could do. Try to make things easier between you two will also be beneficial for your work.
âAlrightâ he said with the biggest smile you saw him having since you saw him again. âYou want some?â He asked, offering you mate and you just nodded, smiling at him and agreeing.
Just like the old days.
ââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
Hope you liked it đ if you have anymore ideas my inbox is open so send your requests!
#franco colapinto x you#franco colapinto x reader#franco colapinto#franco needs a seat asap#franco colapinto x femreader#williams f1#f1 x female reader#f1 x you#f1 x reader#f1 imagine#f1 smut#f1 fanfic#f1 fic
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Alien Questionnaire - A Biological Perspective
A while ago, somebody linked me a very comprehensive worldbuilding questionnaire. For most aspects of a fictional society, it was great, but I noticed it assumed that anyone using it was making up a fictional human society, or at least a society of beings very similar to humans. As such, there was almost nothing in the biology department, which to me is one of the best parts! Thus, this questionnaire was born.
These questions are designed to help people worldbuild from a biological foundation. As such, the questionnaire only touches lightly on other aspects of a fictional society, and is more of a jumping off point. I wrote it with the aim of using it to develop aliens, but it should be suitable for any project with non-humanoid species, such as sapient terrestrial animals.
Have fun! I'd love to see your answers :)
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General Anatomy How many limbs do they have? Do they have limbs at all?
What are their primary manipulators? Where are they located? How does this affect their tool use, building ability, etc?
What kind of body covering do they have, e.g. hair, scales, feathers? How do they clean it? Do they shed this covering constantly, or all at once at certain times?Â
Can they maintain a constant body temperature? If not, how do they deal with changing environmental temperatures?Â
What kind of habitat do they live in? Both specific habitat, and broader such as on land vs in water.
What adaptations do they have for living in this habitat?
What kind of creature did they evolve from?
What are the similarities and differences to their closest living relatives?Â
What resource(s) is the most necessary and urgent for them? E.g. for many animals, but not all, itâs water.
What are some common mutations? E.g. eye colours, ability to digest lactose in humans.
What injuries or illnesses are considered disabling?Â
How is their healing ability? Can they regenerate? If they can, is that limited to certain body parts or a certain number of times?
Senses What senses do they have? E.g. sight, smell, electroreception, etc.
How good are those senses?
Which of their sense/s do they use the most in everyday life?
How might this choice of sense impact the way they interact with the world?Â
Can they detect things that Earth creatures cannot? If yes, how and why?
Movement How do they move? Do they walk, crawl, fly, etc?Â
If they have multiple modes of movement, which is preferred, and why?
Which part/s of their body do they use to move?
What is their speed and endurance like?Â
How agile are they?Â
Do they rely mainly on their own bodies for travel, or do they use pack animals and machines?Â
How often do they move around? Are they mainly sedentary, do they move a lot within a set area, do they migrate, etc?
Do they have different levels of mobility depending on age, sex, or other biological group? E.g. young barnacles are able to swim, while adults are anchored permanently to a surface.Â
Reproduction and Lifecycle How many sexes are there?Â
Are there differences between the sexes (ignoring the reproductive system)?Â
Are there different castes, such as in honeybees or naked mole rats? If so, what is the function of each caste?Â
Are differences in sex or caste used to justify discrimination or hierarchy? How might these ideas differ in different populations?Â
Do they have a concept of gender? If so, is gender affected by sex, caste, or some other factor?
How do they attract a mate? Do they release a chemical into the air, do an elaborate display, etc?
Does one individual try to actively woo another, or is courtship more mutual?
What do they find attractive in members of the same species?
What is the usual reproductive partnership? E.g. two individuals, one main reproducing individual with a harem, no set partner, etc.Â
How long do they live?
How are young brought into the world? Live birth, eggs, spores, etc?
Is producing young a painful, dangerous process, or is it easy?
How much parental investment is there? Are there many young with little investment, or few young with a lot of investment (r vs K strategy)? Or is it somewhere in the middle?Â
How many offspring are produced at a time? Think about how attitudes towards children may differ between a species that produces one or two, and a species that produces dozens or even hundreds at a time.
How do they grow? Are they born looking like miniature adults, gradually growing bigger? Do they have specific phases of high growth, like puberty? Do they have a larval phase, metamorphosis?Â
How self-sufficient are they as young? Can they move around and feed themselves as soon as they are born? Do they require parental care?Â
What is the usual structure of childcare? Single or multiple parents/related individuals? Communally raised?Â
Is sex purely for reproduction, or does it serve other purposes?
What kind of sexuality is considered the norm? This doesnât just refer to same/other sex pairings, but the culture around sex in general.
Diet and Foodchain What is their diet? Are they carnivores, omnivores, frugivores, insectivores, etc?
Do they feed off an unusual source, for example rocks, metals, or (in appropriate settings) something like magic or souls?
What physical adaptations do they have for this diet?Â
Is their diet very restricted, or can they have a wide range of foods?
How often do they eat? What is the culture around mealtimes, if any?
Are they prey for other organisms? For each other?
If they are, how do they deal with it? Do they fight back, have barriers, or do they accept it as a part of life?
If they are hunters themselves, what is their attitude to killing other organisms? Are they respectful? Prideful of their kill? Is it completely trivial?Â
If they are hunters, how do they hunt? Are they solitary or packhunters? Are certain members of the group designated to hunt?Â
Are the results of foraging or hunting shared, or is it everyone for themself?
Are they parasitic, parasitised, or in a symbiotic relationship with any other organisms?Â
Body Rhythms How often do they sleep?
What time of the day are they most active? Are they nocturnal, diurnal, crepuscular?Â
Do they generally sleep for one long period a day, multiple shorter periods throughout, or something in between?Â
Do they sleep to cope with extreme temperatures or bad conditions, i.e. hibernate or aestivate?
Do they have any biological processes that disrupt their life e.g. moulting, reproductive cycles, etc?
If yes, how does their society accommodate for these processes? Does it accommodate them at all?Â
Communication What is their main method of communication? Sound, visuals, scent, etc? Think about their main sense and how this would affect communication.
What is their body language like? What small moving parts might aid their body language?
If they have multiple methods of communication, are they all given equal weight, or is one considered higher than others?Â
Society How sociable are they?Â
If social, what is the usual social structure?Â
Are there hierarchies? How strict or relaxed are the roles?
How are disputes usually settled? Is it more common to be violent or appease the other party?Â
If not social, what is the reaction to being with other individuals? Do they become aggressive or stressed? Do they tolerate each other?Â
What is the usual size of a community? Do they have communities at all?Â
Do they have an in-group vs out-group mentality? If so, how strong is it? This generally relates to how scarce or plentiful resources were during their evolution, and how territorial their ancestors were.
What kind of bonds do they form?Â
On the spectrum of individualistic to community-oriented, where do they fall?
Do they have a strong sense of personal identity? Think about how this might tie in with the previous question.Â
What are the main things they derive identity from? Occupation, gender, family ties, etc?
Do they have names? If yes, how are these names formed? Are they given by another party or chosen by the individual?
Have they domesticated any creatures? If so, what do they use these creatures for?
Do they have any unusual relationships with other creatures on their planet (beyond predation, parasitism or mutualism)?
Do they produce art? What are their main forms of artistic expression? Think about how this will be linked to their main sense(s), communication method, and/or primary manipulators.
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GLOSSARY Primary manipulator: Main body part used to manipulate objects, e.g. hands in humans, trunks in elephants, feet in parrots.
Sedentary: Inactive, staying in the same place.
Caste (reproductive): A group within a species with differences in body type and reproductive ability.
Symbiosis/Mutualism: Interactions where both parties benefit, e.g. cleaner fish getting a meal in exchange for picking irritating parasites off larger fish.
Aestivate: To become inactive during hot or dry periods, usually involving being sealed in mucus or soil e.g. lungfish, snails.Â
Reproductive cycle: Regular hormone fluctuations that affect an animalâs fertility or attitude towards breeding. The cycles can range from months to years and can include things such as antler growth in male deer, heat cycles, and menstruation in humans.
#worldbuilding#biology#zoology#speculative evolution#speculative biology#spec evo#spec bio#alien#questionnaire#xenobiology
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Buffalos build friendships based on similar personality traits
âOur research provides evidence that friendships among water buffalo can form among individuals with similar behaviors. These findings offer valuable insights into the evolution of friendships,â said Dr. Debottam Bhattacharjee, a Postdoc in CityUHKâs Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health. âPersonalities and social relationships will be potentially important for understanding how buffalo use their habitats during different seasons (wet and dry) of the year with fluctuating food resources.â
Read more: https://www.earth.com/news/buffalos-build-friendships-based-on-similar-personality-traits/
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NOW HIRING - Special Projects Assistant
Chicago Residency at time of job start required
Join the Rethinking Lawns Research Team (http://rethinkinglawns.com) and study the impacts of lawns and their potential alternatives in Chicago! Lead field experiments, manage experimental sites, and collect and manage data. Ideal candidate will have experience in project coordination and ecological field work.
Full description under the cut!
The Chicago Park District is seeking an experienced candidate to join our Natural Areas team, a part of the Park Districtâs Department of Cultural and Natural Resources. The Special Projects Assistant will be a member of the Rethinking Lawns project, a multi-disciplinary team exploring the ecological and ecosystem services benefits of traditional lawns, natural areas, and native, short-statured lawn replacement plantings. More information about the project can be found at rethinkinglawns.com. The ideal candidate will have experience in project coordination and ecological field work, preferably in a leadership capacity.
Key responsibilities include leading a team of seasonal research assistants in collecting data on plant cover, pollinator visitation, water infiltration, temperature, and soils at sites throughout Chicago and at the Chicago Botanic Garden. The Special Projects Assistant will participate in regular project coordination meetings with the research team, and oversee scheduling, coordination, communication, and data entry. They will also regularly interact with landscaping contractors, colleagues and the project team regarding installation and maintenance of plantings. Exceptional candidates will have some experience in data management, and analysis using R, and/or GIS. There are opportunities to present at local and national conferences. Local travel to field sites is required.
Desired Qualifications:
Bachelor's degree in Biology, Environmental Science, or a related field, or a combination of education and experience.
Knowledge of ecological principles and practices.
Ability to research information and prepare clear written or oral reports.
Ability to relate to field personnel and community groups, particularly in an urban setting.
Data entry, writing, computer skills.
Knowledge of contemporary research and communication practices.Â
City of Chicago residency is required at time of job start.
This position is based out of North Park Village (5801 N. Pulaski Rd.) and includes frequent citywide travel.
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@joemomrgneissguy SPACE MINING. HO BOY.
So when mining comes into a conversation, there are several 'laws' of mining and processing that I like to consider that people tend to forget:
Location and rarity of commodity
Location and rarity of extraction techniques/reagents
What is necessary for this operation to work?
Where does the finished product go?
Some of these are extraneous. Theoretically, we don't have to care that iron is common on earth and might be present on the moon, so it changes the conversation from "why?" to "how would we?". Same with extraction and reagents. If you don't care how expensive it is to ship- for example: water and carbon dioxide to the moon because you want to process He-3, nothing can stop you.
However, what will stop planning, is processing. Blowing up a rock is easy. Collecting the rock and breaking it into a usable form is not. If there isn't a plan for exactly what commodity is being mined and how to separate it and all the equipment that needs to be made to get it into a usable form, and a plan to get that equipment into space. God help the poor bastard.
And fundamentally, no matter HOW you turn it, people use the finished product. If there are no people where you are mining the Thing, you need to have a way for the Thing to get back to the people who need it. WHY are you mining the Thing? What is economic about the Thing being made? and Is it worth the money?
[angry geologist rant under the cut]
So the thing about space and asteroids is metals come in native form a lot of the time because there's nothing to oxidize them; it makes processing simpler and the density increases profit. This is usually what people talk about when they go off about space mining: Ohh, if we just reach this asteroid 400 years away there's so much Gold and Platinum! Ohh, if we just crashed a FUCKING ASTEROID INTO EARTH OR MARS we could be so rich!
However this is a LIE for two reasons: It's actually harder to process straight sulfides or straight metal because they aren't brittle. Instead of breaking into smaller pieces you can separate and process, they jam the crusher. Universities with mining departments often have huge chunks of impressive high-grade sitting around that were donated by companies when they jammed their fucking system. If you can't break it down, it's a useless fucking clump of rock.
Secondly, even if you have native metals clumped together like an iron-nickel asteroid, unless you want an iron-nickel product, you have to separate them. Since it's not brittle, you would have to pour a bunch of hydrochloric on it and wait for the reaction to dissolve the outer surface.
And all this is assuming the metals are on Earth. If not, you have to figure out how to do this in space. How much HCl will you need? How are you going to fly it up there? How are you going to break it down? How are you going to replace parts when they inevitably break?
The big "commodity" on the moon is Helium-3, which is extremely rare on Earth. (So yes, we have a need, and yes, there's substantial reason to mine it in a place where it's more accessible.) The logic starts breaking down around "getting it back" and "how does the operation work": In moon quantities (up to 15 parts per billion (ppb)), you have to mine about 150 tons to extract 1g of He-3. That's not unreasonable, to be honest, since economic gold hovers around 7-12 ppb. And technically you'd only have to heat the rock to 600-700 C. However, things do melt at those temperatures. Then you have to get it back to earth. Either a SpaceX-style return and come back, or a drop shipments- It's just insane to me though that we would use SO MANY RESOURCES to rip up the fucking moon, even with an automated system, when if you look at He-3 we already produce what equals 11 pounds of He-3 yearly from Oil and Gas deposits, it's just not collected.
I have more beef with planets that are theoretically resource-rich, but people just- don't care about getting them back to Earth? Venus has significant metal-Sulfides and Tellurides in its atmosphere, which is why people joke about the "floating oxygen colonies" on Venus. But congratulations! You've colonized a planet that is inaccessible to human technology because anything we've ever designed will dissolve. Same with Europa. To design something that works on Venus - not to mention extracts things in the proper form to be used in human conditions - and/or get them back to Earth means redesigning how we think of the properties of the periodic table.
With extraction, we play a lot with oxidation states, and one of the rules is to stay within Earth's aqueous conditions. If you oxidize anything too much, your solution will want to vaporize to oxygen. Reduce anything too much, and your solution will want to vaporize to hydrogen gas.
So, if you design anything on Earth designed for conditions on Venus, it will be unstable. If you design anything on Venus meant for Earth, it will be unstable.
Which is kind of the end of my rant, I guess. Don't crash something into Earth unless you can process it. If you can process it in space, can you get it back? Who's responsible when the thing breaks? Why the fuck is money being spent when 9 times out of 10 we have it here on earth with the conditions we're familiar with?
If we've somehow depleted Earth enough that we need resources from other planets, which would insinuate we have not figured out how to recycle our own metals, which is untrue, and likewise we have no business in space anyway- Where did all our resources go? Are we leaving for those other planets? Do we have faster-than-light travel to collect the new resources in a timely manner?
There isn't even water in space half the time and if you do have a colony on Mars and tech bros are going to process all the hematite to build their shitty underground Martian city, are they shipping water from the north and south poles to do this? Have they figured out how to renew the carbon filters that are going to be needed to get all the waste and organics out of it once it's used?
In my opinion, it's all just fucking stupid. Space mining tries to answer a question that doesn't need to be asked with people who don't know how mineral processing works who haven't thought what the logistics require and don't care that entropy demands even minerals in stasis don't last forever. But it's ~new~ and the dollar signs on metallic asteroids gleam in their eyes and I want to take out Elon Musk's kneecaps.
#Apparently a team in Europe proposed a way to separate Fe2O3 while producing oxygen. Which is definitely a step forward.#But I still say the actual water and reagents used to process rock to element are non-circular enough that it's a huge hindrance.#Anyway! Space mining! Quickest way to expose a techbro dipshit is ask where they'll get the water for iron oxide separation.#Fix our own planet and close the circuits in hydrometallurgy and then we can talk about space mining.#mining#geology#mineral processing#I hope this was actually legible and coherent lol. I didn't spend as much time on it as I did on the Gold one.#I hate space mining and gold mining for the greed and colonialist mindset.
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