#Current affairs September 2021 PDF

[chakriralo]

প্রফেসরস কারেন্ট অ্যাফেয়ার্স সালতামামি

প্রফেসরস কারেন্ট অ্যাফেয়ার্স সালতামামি

প্রফেসরস কারেন্ট অ্যাফেয়ার্স সালতামামি ২০২১-২০২২। প্রফেসরস কারেন্ট অ্যাফেয়ার্স সালতামামি বাংলাদেশের খুব জনপ্রিয় মাসিক ম্যাগাজিন। কারেন্ট অ্যাফেয়ার্স প্রতি মাসে ঘটে যাওয়া সব খবর এই কারেন্ট অ্যাফেয়ার্স আন্তরভূক্ত থেকে এবং ভর্তি পরীক্ষার্থীদের কাছে খুব জনপ্রিয়। দেশ বিদেশের সকল মাসিক আপডেট একটি বইয়েই পাওয়া যায় ৷ কারেন্ট অ্যাফেয়ার্স এর বিভিন্ন রকমের তথ্য পাওয়া যায় যেমন বাংলাদেশ ও…

[jobscirculars]

Current Affairs September pdf Download

Current Affairs September pdf Download

Current Affairs September pdf Download  2021-2022 has been published at jobscirculars.com. Current Affairs 2021 is most important your job exam. Professors Current Affairs 2021 All Month Download is available on our website. You can find full details about Current Affairs 2021 All Month Download. You can get their Current Affairs 2021 All Month Download from our website and our Social…

[yogenderthakur]

17 March Current Affairs GK Quiz| Daily Current Affairs

17 March Current Affairs GK Quiz| Daily Current Affairs

All Exam Solutions प्रतियोगी परीक्षाओं की तयारी कर रहे छात्रो एवं पाठकों के लिए भारत भारत में हाल ही में घटी घटनाओ से संबंधित महत्वपूर्ण Daily Current Affairs प्रश्नोत्तरी प्रस्तुत कर रहा है | आज के इस क्विज में जापान, झारखंड कैबिनेट, विश्व स्वास्थ्य ��ंगठन (डब्ल्यूएचओ) आदि से संबंधित परीक्षापयोगी प्रश्नों का संग्रह शामिल है |

[gov-info]

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has authorized for emergency use Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines sponsored by Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna. Several other COVID-19 vaccines are currently in clinical trials; additional vaccines may become available within months.

Operation Warp Speed (OWS)—the COVID-19 medical countermeasure initiative led by the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) and the Department of Defense (DOD)—has contracted with manufacturers to purchase hundreds of millions of doses (including Pfizer/BioNTech and Moderna’s vaccines) and related supplies. OWS is also planning and implementing a nationwide vaccine program.

OWS has thus far been financed largely by emergency funding provided in the coronavirus supplemental appropriations acts. In the FY2020 laws, not much was appropriated specifically for COVID-19 vaccine- related efforts; instead, several accounts have funding available for relevant activities. In FY2021, Division M of P.L. 116-260 includes emergency appropriations directed for vaccine-specific activities.

Much of the HHS supplemental funding is available for multiple years or until expended. In addition, HHS transfer authorities in the laws allow for transfers between funds in certain HHS accounts. This Insight provides overviews of supplemental appropriations for selected vaccine-related activities and available information on allocations and obligations. It does not address health care financing issues related to vaccine administration or regular appropriations.

VACCINE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT, MANUFACTURING, AND PURCHASE

COVID-19 vaccine research and development (R&D), manufacturing, and purchasing efforts are largely supported by OWS, a collaboration among several federal agencies, including the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), DOD, and others. Some vaccine R&D is supported by NIH, BARDA, and DOD separately from the OWS efforts.

Appropriations

FY2020. In two of the four FY2020 coronavirus supplemental appropriations acts (P.L. 116-123 and P.L. 116-136), funding was made available for vaccine-related efforts to accounts at NIH, DOD, and the Public Health and Social Services Emergency Fund (PHSSEF). (PHSSEF, the parent account for BARDA, is an account for the HHS Secretary that funds additional emergency preparedness and response activities and is regularly used for one-time and pass-through funding to address public health emergencies.) In particular, up to roughly $30 billion (accounting for set-asides and transfers) in the PHSSEF account is available for vaccine development, manufacturing, and purchase until September 30, 2024. These funds are also designated for other emergency response activities, such as medical supply procurement for the Strategic National Stockpile, supporting health care surge response, and the development, purchase, and manufacturing of therapeutics and diagnostics.

FY2021. Division M of P.L. 116-260 appropriates $22.945 billion to the PHSSEF account to be available for similar purposes as described above until September 30, 2024. Of the total, $19.695 billion is available to BARDA for “necessary expenses of manufacturing, production, and purchase ... of vaccines, therapeutics, and ancillary supplies.” The law directs the HHS Secretary to “purchase vaccines developed using funds made available ... to respond to an outbreak or pandemic related to coronavirus in quantities determined by the Secretary to be adequate to address the public health need.” Funds may reimburse obligations for vaccines and therapeutics “planning, development, preparation, and purchase” incurred prior to enactment.

Supplemental appropriations to NIH Office of the Director account could also be used, in part, for vaccine-related R&D.

Allocations, Obligations, and Reporting

According to a Government Accountability Office (GAO) report published on November 30, as of October 31, 2020, HHS had allocated about $13.8 billion in coronavirus supplemental funding for “vaccines”—including $150 million in NIH allocations and the rest in BARDA allocations. Of this allocated amount, about $13.3 billion had been obligated and $1.28 billion had been expended.

The report also states that DOD has allocated about $1.64 billion in funding from the CARES Act (P.L. 116-136) toward a medical countermeasures development portfolio. DOD has five COVID-19 vaccine development projects underway.

According to a separate November GAO report, as of October 15, OWS had announced contract awards to support six vaccines, with obligations totaling at least $10 billion and a total estimated value of at least $18 billion, with awards made by both DOD and BARDA.

P.L. 116-260 adds a reporting requirement on OWS funding that includes total obligations and funding awards exceeding $20 million by department/agency and appropriations act, to be provided not later than 30 days after enactment, and regularly updated thereafter, to the House and Senate Appropriations committees.

VACCINE DEPLOYMENT AND DISTRIBUTION

As a part of OWS, CDC has been working with state, local, tribal, and territorial (SLTT) jurisdictions to plan and implement a nationwide vaccination program.

Appropriations:

FY2020. In two COVID-19 supplemental appropriations acts (P.L. 116-123 and P.L. 116-136), CDC received a total of $6.5 billion (of which $800 million is designated global funding). Much of this funding is available broadly “to prevent, prepare for, and respond to coronavirus, domestically and internationally.”

FY2021. Division M of P.L. 116-260 appropriates $8.75 billion to CDC, for “activities to plan, prepare for, promote, distribute, administer, monitor, and track coronavirus vaccines to ensure broad-based distribution, access, and vaccine coverage,” to be available until September 30, 2024. Of this total, $4.5 billion is for SLTT grants (or cooperative agreements), of which $210 million is to be transferred to the Indian Health Service (IHS) for tribes and tribal organizations and a separate amount of not less than $300 million is for “high-risk and underserved populations, including racial and ethnic minority populations and rural communities.” At least $1 billion in SLTT grants must be made available within 21 days, and funds can reimburse obligations incurred prior to enactment. PHSSEF appropriations described above may also be relevant.

 Allocations, Obligations, and Reporting

To date, CRS could not identify an exact amount of related allocations and obligations. Funding announcements include the following:

a contract to a company, McKesson, to manage the nationwide distribution;

a partnership with commercial pharmacies for providing vaccines to long-term care facilities;

SLTT grants under an existing immunization cooperative agreement—announced in September and December—and other smaller demonstration grants; and the first $3 billion in SLTT grants from P.L. 116-260 is to be provided by January 19, 2021.

DOD has assisted with logistics planning. Other agencies manage vaccine distribution efforts among their employees and covered populations (e.g., IHS and the Department of Veterans Affairs [VA]), incollaboration with the nationwide effort.

P.L. 116-260 adds a requirement that CDC “provide an updated and comprehensive coronavirus vaccine distribution strategy and a spend plan, to include funds already allocated for distribution” to specified congressional committees within 30 days.

[saudimains]

Spain animal sentience

It is now estimated that 13 million dogs and 12 million cats are living in UK homes.Įarlier this year, the Animal Welfare (Sentience) Act 2022 received royal assent. Retrieved 2 November 2019.In 2021/22, pet ownership levels peaked at an unprecedented high of 62 per cent of households, as a result of the covid-19 pandemic and the increased amount of time people were able to spend at home. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Anonymous (17 October 2016).^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "European Commission - PRESS RELEASES - Press release - 934th Council meeting Agriculture and Fisheries Brussels, 23 March 2009".^ "Australia | World Animal Protection".^ "Argentina | World Animal Protection".^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "ANIMAL WELFARE IN OIE MEMBER COUNTRIES & TERRITORIES IN THE SADC REGION" (PDF).^ "OIE standards on animal welfare: OIE - World Organisation for Animal Health".^ "Nace el Parti Animaliste en Francia".: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( link) Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2013. Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, Centre for Applied Ethics. Jain Vegetarian Laws in the City of Palitana : Indefensible Legal Enforcement or Praiseworthy Progressive Moralism?. ^ "Jain monks want a ban on the sale of non-vegetarian food".^ "In India, The World's First Vegetarian City".^ "Culture / society | Worldcrunch - Real news.^ "The perfect storm: How the Bolivian Ban on Animal Circuses was won".Overview of discretionary invasive procedures on animals.List of international animal welfare conventions.Partial - support from the Minister for Resources Partial - support from the Animal Welfare Board (China responsible for foreign affairs) Partial - support from the Minister for Food Partial - support from the Minister for Agriculture Partial - support from various internal departments Principal laws on animal rights General Legislation Country It has banned buying and selling meat, fish, and eggs, as well as related jobs, such as fishing and animal farming. In 2014, the Jain pilgrimage destination of Palitana City in Indian state of Gujarat became the first city in the world to be legally vegetarian. The United States of America is the only country in the world that has banned killing horses for consumption, and India is the only country to have banned killing cows for consumption in some of its states. In 2009, Bolivia became the first country to banish animal abuse and harm in circuses. Six countries currently ban the use of great apes for scientific research, and Austria is the only country in the world to ban experiments on lesser apes. The Great Ape Project is currently campaigning to have the United Nations endorse a World Declaration on Great Apes, which would extend to non-human great apes the protection of three basic interests: the right to life, the protection of individual liberty, and the prohibition of torture. It has been proposed that the United Nations (UN) pass the first resolution recognizing animal rights, the Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare, which acknowledges the importance of the sentience of animals and human responsibilities towards them. These are: Austria, Australia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Chile, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Such laws range from the legal recognition of non-human animal sentience to the absolute lack of any anti- cruelty laws, with no regard for animal welfare.Īs of November 2019, 32 countries have formally recognized non-human animal sentience. Animal rights vary greatly among countries and territories.

[ambitiousbaba]

One Liner Current Affairs PDF : October 2021

One Liner Current Affairs PDF : October 2021

October Month One Liner Current Affairs PDF 2021 One Liner Current Affairs PDF September 2021: As we all know that all the Mains exams like SBI Clerk , IBPS PO, IBPS Clerk, RRB PO , RRB Clerk , SBI PO Mains, RBI , Para 13.2 and Other Government exams. So here we came out with Monthly One Liner Current Affairs PDF for the month of October 2021. It will help you to cope-up with the Current affairs…

[eazyprep]

Monthly Current Affairs Compilation | September 2021 | Download PDF

Monthly Current Affairs Compilation | September 2021 | Download PDF

[yogenderthakur]

All Exam GK | Competitive Exam GK | General Knowledge GK

All Exam GK | Competitive Exam GK | General Knowledge GK

Q. उच्‍चतम न्‍यायालय की पहली महिला न्‍यायाधीश कौन थी? उत्‍तर – फातिमा बीबी Q. नील नदी के किनारे कौन सी सभ्यता का विकास हुआ था? उत्तर – मिश्र सभ्यता Q. कौन सा ��हर अंगूरों की पैदावार के लिए प्रसिद्ध है? उत्तर – नासिक Q. संविधान सभा के अस्‍थायी अध्‍यक्ष थे? उत्‍तर – डॉ. सच्चिदानन्‍द सिन्‍हा Q4 SAARC का पूर्ण रूप {full form }क्या है? उत्तर – साउथ एशियन एसोसिएशन फॉर रीजनल कोआपरेसन Q. किसके शासनकाल के…

[ambitiousbaba]

September 2021 Current Affairs PDFs Different Formats: ambitiousbaba.com (AB)

September 2021 Current Affairs PDFs Different Formats: ambitiousbaba.com (AB) Current affairs play a crucial role in all competitive exams. Aspirants who are appearing for these exams must be well prepared in current affairs. Ambitiousbaba provides monthly Current affairs PDF in three formats: The Hindu Review(Bilingual) , Best 200+ Current affairs MCQ(Bilingual) and One-liners current affairs.…

[newyorkprelawland-blog]

COVID-19 Quarantine Equals Rise In Gender Based Violence

By Spencer Brooke Hayes, University at Albany, SUNY Class of 2021

May 28, 2020

In Anhui Province, China, a 26-year-old woman was beaten by her husband until her legs gave out and she fell to the floor while still holding her toddler[1]. When the police arrived, photographs documented how, “nearly every inch of her lower legs was covered in bruises, a huge hematoma blooming on her left calf”1. Despite the clear evidence of abuse inflicted on the woman by her spouse, police did not arrest the perpetrator nor file charges1. With a lack of response by law enforcement, the victim attempted to file for divorce only to find that courts were unable to process her request because of the pandemic quarantine1. Until the courts reopen and determine a verdict for her divorce filing, she and her child will have to remain living with their abuser1.It is women like this victim who suffer the most from Coronavirus. Those who cannot escape from violence are the ones who will continue to be negatively impacted from this pandemic.

Chief Prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, Fatou Bensouda, enacted the Policy Paper on Sexual and Gender Based Crimes in 2014[2]. This Policy was created to ensure that the Rome Statute’s framework on human rights is upheld equally on an international scale1. The Policy writes, “The Statute of the ICC is the first International instrument expressly to include various forms of sexual and gender-based crimes are underlying acts of both crimes against humanity and war crimes committed in international and non-international armed crimes”[3]. Gender-based violence continues to present itself in the daily lives of those who identify as female everyday despite the enacting of policies like the one published by the ICC. Currently 1 in 3 women experience gender-based violence at least once in their life[4]. The following statistics are also provided by the World Bank,

o   “35% of women have experienced either physical and/or sexual intimate partner violence or non-partner sexual violence

o   7% of women have been sexually assaulted by someone other than a partner

o   38% of murders of women are committed by an intimate partner”3

These percentages have only increased as the Coronavirus has resulted in a worldwide quarantine. Without having the opportunity to leave homes, some women are locked in with the perpetrators of their abuse. Amanda Taub from the New York Times writes, “mounting data suggests that domestic abuse is acting like an opportunistic infection, flourishing in the conditions created by the pandemic”1. This vast spark to the already high rate of abuse is because of the neglect from country’s governments to prepare resources for those in violent homes1.

China is not the only place where there have been increases in domestic abuse, France and Spain have also report greater number of complaints1. France has had a 30% increase in domestic violence complaints while Spain has recorded a 18% increase1. Victims have become prisoners in their own homes like prisoners of war unable to escape the punishment of their holders. Harvard Medical Center Trauma Expert, Judith Lewis Herman, states, “coercive methods domestic abuses use to control their partners and children ‘bear an uncanny resemblance’ to those kidnappers use to control hostages and repressive regimes use to break the will of political prisoners”1.With shelters closed and quarantines still in effect, it bears the question of what do we do now to protect gender based violence victims?

________________________________________________________________

Spencer Brooke Hayes is current graduate student at the Rockefeller College, University at Albany studying International Affairs. Graduated from the University of Connecticut, Storrs in 2019 with a Bachelors of Arts in Political Science and Philosophy with a concentration in International Relations.

________________________________________________________________

[1]Taub, Amanda. 2020. “A New Covid-19 Crisis: Domestic Abuse Rises Worldwide”. The New York Times. April 14. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/06/world/coronavirus-domestic-violence.html

[2]Zeldin, Wendy. 2014. “International Criminal Court: Policy Paper on Sexual and Gender-Based Crime”. Library of Congress. June 13. https://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/international-criminal-court-policy-paper-on-sexual-and-gender-based-crime/

[3]The Office of the Prosecutor. 2014. “Policy Paper on Sexual and Gender-Based Crimes”. International Criminal Court. June. 1-43. https://www.icc-cpi.int/iccdocs/otp/OTP-Policy-Paper-on-Sexual-and-Gender-Based-Crimes--June-2014.pdf

[4]The World Bank. 2019. “Gender-Based Violence (Violence Against Women and Girls). The World Banks. September 25. https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/socialdevelopment/brief/violence-against-women-and-girls

 Photo Credit: https://eige.europa.eu/gender-based-violence/what-is-gender-based-violence

[yogenderthakur]

16 March Current Affairs GK | Daily Current Affairs

16 March Current Affairs GK | Daily Current Affairs

All Exam Solutions प्रतियोगी परीक्षाओं की तयारी कर रहे छात्रो एवं पाठकों के लिए भारत भारत में हाल ही में घटी घटनाओ से संबंधित महत्वपूर्ण Daily Current Affairs प्रश्नोत्तरी प्रस्तुत कर रहा है | आज के इस क्विज में प्रधानमंत्री मोदी, राष्ट्रपति रामनाथ कोविंद, बुर्का , डॉ. हर्षवर्धन, सांसद ओलिवियर डसॉल्ट, आदि से संबंधित परीक्षापयोगी प्रश्नों का संग्रह शामिल है | 

[yogenderthakur]

15 March Current Affairs GK Quiz | Daily Current Affairs

15 March Current Affairs GK Quiz | Daily Current Affairs

All Exam Solutions प्रतियोगी परीक्षाओं की तयारी कर रहे छात्रो एवं पाठकों के लिए भारत भारत में हाल ही में घटी घटनाओ से संबंधित महत्वपूर्ण Daily Current Affairs प्रश्नोत्तरी प्रस्तुत कर रहा है | आज के इस क्विज में चुनाव आयोग,NCRB, दुनियां का सबसे शक्तिशाली कंप्यूटर, RBI  आदि से संबंधित परीक्षापयोगी प्रश्नों का संग्रह शामिल है |

[yogenderthakur]

14 March Current Affairs GK Quiz in Hindi | Daily current affairs

14 March Current Affairs GK Quiz in Hindi | Daily current affairs

All Exam Solutions प्रतियोगी परीक्षाओं की तयारी कर रहे छात्रो एवं पाठकों के लिए वेस्टइंडीज क्रिकेट बोर्ड, ब��रह्म कुमारीज, टेस्ट क्रिकेट पर महत्वपूर्ण प्रश्नोत्तरी प्रस्तुत कर रहा है | आज के इस क्विज में सबसे बडी अफ्रीकी देश के प्रधानमंत्री, चुनाव आयोग, महिला अंतरराष्ट्रीय क्रिकेट आदि से  संबंधित परीक्षापयोगी प्रश्नों का संग्रह शामिल है |