#Spain animal sentience

[saudimains]

Spain animal sentience

It is now estimated that 13 million dogs and 12 million cats are living in UK homes.Įarlier this year, the Animal Welfare (Sentience) Act 2022 received royal assent. Retrieved 2 November 2019.In 2021/22, pet ownership levels peaked at an unprecedented high of 62 per cent of households, as a result of the covid-19 pandemic and the increased amount of time people were able to spend at home. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Anonymous (17 October 2016).^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "European Commission - PRESS RELEASES - Press release - 934th Council meeting Agriculture and Fisheries Brussels, 23 March 2009".^ "Australia | World Animal Protection".^ "Argentina | World Animal Protection".^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "ANIMAL WELFARE IN OIE MEMBER COUNTRIES & TERRITORIES IN THE SADC REGION" (PDF).^ "OIE standards on animal welfare: OIE - World Organisation for Animal Health".^ "Nace el Parti Animaliste en Francia".: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( link) Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2013. Linköping University, Department of Culture and Communication, Centre for Applied Ethics. Jain Vegetarian Laws in the City of Palitana : Indefensible Legal Enforcement or Praiseworthy Progressive Moralism?. ^ "Jain monks want a ban on the sale of non-vegetarian food".^ "In India, The World's First Vegetarian City".^ "Culture / society | Worldcrunch - Real news.^ "The perfect storm: How the Bolivian Ban on Animal Circuses was won".Overview of discretionary invasive procedures on animals.List of international animal welfare conventions.Partial - support from the Minister for Resources Partial - support from the Animal Welfare Board (China responsible for foreign affairs) Partial - support from the Minister for Food Partial - support from the Minister for Agriculture Partial - support from various internal departments Principal laws on animal rights General Legislation Country It has banned buying and selling meat, fish, and eggs, as well as related jobs, such as fishing and animal farming. In 2014, the Jain pilgrimage destination of Palitana City in Indian state of Gujarat became the first city in the world to be legally vegetarian. The United States of America is the only country in the world that has banned killing horses for consumption, and India is the only country to have banned killing cows for consumption in some of its states. In 2009, Bolivia became the first country to banish animal abuse and harm in circuses. Six countries currently ban the use of great apes for scientific research, and Austria is the only country in the world to ban experiments on lesser apes. The Great Ape Project is currently campaigning to have the United Nations endorse a World Declaration on Great Apes, which would extend to non-human great apes the protection of three basic interests: the right to life, the protection of individual liberty, and the prohibition of torture. It has been proposed that the United Nations (UN) pass the first resolution recognizing animal rights, the Universal Declaration on Animal Welfare, which acknowledges the importance of the sentience of animals and human responsibilities towards them. These are: Austria, Australia, Belgium, Bulgaria, Chile, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, New Zealand, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Slovakia, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, and the United Kingdom. Such laws range from the legal recognition of non-human animal sentience to the absolute lack of any anti- cruelty laws, with no regard for animal welfare.Īs of November 2019, 32 countries have formally recognized non-human animal sentience. Animal rights vary greatly among countries and territories.

[afeelgoodblog]

Best News of Last Week

Edition #021 - ️‍💉 - Hope you had a great weekend. Let's read some positive news :)

1. With nearly 5 million children getting COVID vaccines, no safety problems have been seen, CDC director says

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Director Dr. Rochelle Walensky says real-world monitoring finds vaccines are safe for young children.

Crucially, the CDC hasn't identified any concerns with the temporary heart inflammation known as myocarditis, a potential side effect of mRNA vaccines seen in rare circumstances in teenagers and young adults.

2. Spain officially Recognizes Animal Sentience Within Civil Code, Clarifying Animals Are Not “Things”

On April 18, 2021, the Spanish Parliament approved consideration of a bill that would amend the country’s Civil Code to recognize animals are “living beings endowed with sentience” rather than “things,” specifically “moveable property.” This approval is the first step toward updating animals’ legal status in the Spanish Civil Code.

This proposal was officially approved in December 2021 with widespread support.

3. Michael Sheen becomes a 'not-for-profit actor' so he can fund charity work

Hollywood actor Michael Sheen has revealed how he sold his houses and gave the proceeds to charity as he declared himself to be a “not-for-profit” actor.

The Welsh actor and activist, 52, who handed back his OBE in 2020 so he could criticize the monarchy without seeming a “hypocrite”, believed organizing the 2019 Homeless World Cup in Cardiff was a turning point for him.

When funding for the £2million project fell through at the last moment, Sheen sold his own houses to bankroll it.

4. Yale researchers develop mRNA-based lyme disease vaccine

Yale researchers have developed an mRNA vaccine that targets the antigens found in tick saliva in order to alert individuals to tick bites as well as prevent the tick from feeding correctly, thereby reducing its ability to transmit pathogens.

According to Matias dos Santos, when the tick bites an animal, it releases salivary proteins through the open wound. The mRNA vaccines are designed so that the immune system recognizes these proteins, sees them as an antigen and triggers a strong immune response at the site of the bite.

5. Claudette Colvin's juvenile record has been expunged, 66 years after she was arrested for refusing to give her bus seat to a White person

The juvenile court records of Claudette Colvin, a civil rights pioneer who refused in 1955 to give up her seat to a White person on an Alabama bus, have been sealed, destroyed and expunged following a judge's ruling.

Colvin, now 82, was arrested when she was 15 for refusing to give up her seat to a White person on a bus in Montgomery. The incident came nine months before Rosa Parks' far more famous arrest for a similar act of civil disobedience in the Jim Crow era.

6. 'It Saved My Life': Depression Treatment Is Turning Lives Around in Five Days

The remedy was a new type of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) called "Stanford neuromodulation therapy." By adding imaging technology to the treatment and upping the dose of rTMS, scientists have developed an approach that’s more effective and works more than eight times faster than the current approved treatment.

'This study not only showed some of the best remission rates we've ever seen in depression, but also managed to do that in people who had already failed multiple other treatments. 'Shan Siddiqi, a Harvard psychiatrist

7. Germany: Mole digs out wedding ring thought lost for 25 years

One ring to rule the mole...

____

That's it for this week. Until next week,

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[eileentothestars]

A RANDOM AMERICAN’S THOUGHTS ON THE 2021 EUROVISION SONGS

Albania -- My ears stopped functioning once I saw those outfits

Israel -- "Set Me Free” Yep, that’s the Mood

France -- This is the most French thing I’ve ever seen, 10/10, way better than last year’s

Lithuania -- The song isn’t as good as “On Fire” but I am delighted to see that they have not lost one ounce of weirdness

Czech Republic -- I listened to it twice and I’m still not sure.  It’s catchy but also doesn’t feel quite... put together?  Idk.

Finland -- You know how every year there’s that one band that screams a lot and tries to give you seizures? That’s them.

Norway -- The pageantry! The costumes! The fact that he very vaguely looks like Crowley from Good Omens!

Germany -- I don’t know if this is actually good or not but how DARE you be this entertaining. German entries have no business being so delightful.

Ireland -- This is last year’s song with a new music video

Slovenia -- I like her voice but also the staging and costuming reminded me of Xanadu and who needs that

Albania -- This went in so many different directions

Belgium -- Disney’s Haunted Mansion has gained sentience and entered the Eurovision Song Contest

Romania -- The video is like Mika’s “Good Guys” but dark

Moldova -- WHY MOLDOVA WHY

Netherlands -- Absolutely epic perfection also I am definitely not crying right now no I am not

Serbia -- Clearly trying to recapture that “Hasta la Vista” spirit and I do not object

Estonia -- Congratulations, I was less bored than last year

San Marino -- I was expecting something kinda weird and I sure got it

Portugal -- Why do these 1930s gangsters sound exactly like Elton John

Cyprus -- Well it ain’t “Fuego” but it grew on me

Australia -- I really can’t get over how much I dislike her voice

Ukraine -- Mad Max: The Musical???

Spain -- I didn’t hate it but I’m probably not going to remember it either

Russia -- I love her

Switzerland -- I see this person has not cheered up at all since last year (fair enough)

Denmark -- This. This is why I watch Eurovision.

Austria -- If you’re going to be all sad sack then please dispense with the laughable animation

Croatia -- Please give those poor dancers some shirts :(

United Kingdom -- It seems the best the UK can ever hope for is “at least it’s catchy.” They achieved that this year. Dig the horns.

North Macedonia -- The song is okay but posing dramatically among historical artifacts is where it’s at

Latvia -- Yes Queen whatever you say Queen

Iceland -- There is DISCO and there is FIRE. What more can one ask from one’s Eurovision?

Sweden -- I didn’t think any entry could be better than last year’s. I was right. Dig the smoking jacket, though.

Bulgaria -- Not really my thing

Azerbaijan -- Add another one to the “2020 entrant clearly trying to recapture last year’s magic” pile. Which is basically everybody returning from last year.

Greece -- Once again manages to cram an entire movie into 3 minutes, good job

Georgia -- Feel asleep ten seconds in

Malta -- Was not expecting the horns, but you know what? I like it.

Italy -- Italy always brings it but could we not with the Surprise Bugs and Weird Face Stuff.  Don’t like that.

Poland -- Oh man oh boy am I ever a sucker for ‘80s throwbacks yes gimme more

Belarus -- Sir Not Appearing in this Contest

[fineillsignup]

Bit of a weird question, but how do translators decide which terms to fully translate and which to romanticize? Like the difference between Akatsuki and Red Dawn? Thanks

I love these kinds of questions.

(First off, just a pedant thing because I cannot stop myself from correcting people and ruining friendships, 曉 akatsuki just means “dawn”, not “red dawn”. Also the word is “romanize” not “romanticize”.)

Ok so now the matter of choice. There are several angles to approach this question from.

First, cross-language interaction and communication is inseparable from larger issues of cultural exchange and principles of same. If you look over history, throughout most of history in Europe and East Asia (my knowledge of other areas is more limited, but I believe the pattern holds), cross-cultural communications of all kinds tended to be self-centric.

What I mean is that the names by which peoples called other peoples, other nations, other locations, etc etc, were not concerned with being accurate to the other peoples’ usage, and that’s being charitable. In fact, names for foreign places and peoples are very frequently deliberately offensive.

Hi China, said Japan. Hi dipshit, said China. Could you call us something else, other than dipshit, said Japan? - Bill Wurtz

Or when they do make an attempt to go off of what the foreign people are saying, they pronounce it according to local language rules. For example up until relatively recently, all across Europe everyone pronounced Latin according to their own language’s pronunciation. If /c/ is pronounced with a soft [s], that’s how they’d say it, or if it’s pronounced with a hard [k], etc. That’s how you get English Caesar versus German Kaiser for example. Or they may otherwise adjust the terms. In England they say Spain and in España they say Inglaterra. And this went so far as to also include individual people’s names. When you read European history in English, the names of rulers, for example, are usually given in their English equivalents: Francis, not Franz or Francisco; Joan, not Jeanne or Giovanna.

Lately (like within the past century-ish), the movement has gradually turned towards verbatim (or as close as possible) reproduction of the foreign people’s terminology for the names of places, peoples, and individual persons. This is inseparable from larger issues of anti-colonization; new principles of equity of peoples, nations, and states; and respect for self-determination.

This might seem like a bit of detour from the topic but I don’t think it is, because to a large extent what this is about is localization vs preservation. These two principles are not precisely opposites but they can often be considered on a scale. And the individual translator’s choices are never made in a vacuum.

Another angle is preservation of foreign terms verbatim is often, though I don’t think usually intentionally, a kind of class or insider signifier. This is more clearly seen historically in how middle and upper classes will use terms from the most prestigious language to show their class and education. In England this was French. Across the world nowadays, it is English.

Japanese has a similar prestige in the Japanese pop culture subculture. I have previously spoken approvingly of transliterating Japanese honorifics, so I’m not by any means opposed to transliteration, but I think it’s important to be aware of what the full implications of using a transliteration “just because you can” are. Do I really think a transliteration does a better job of communicating, or am I just trying to show off that I know the source term, or am I even obfuscating the meaning to keep it understandable only by those who are already in the subculture? (Did I use the relatively obscure word ‘obfuscate’ just now because it’s the best verb for the meaning I want to express, or because I’m obnoxious? Baby it’s a two for one deal.)

(Tangent: meme references can also be seen as a kind of insider signifier in this sense. If I say “using transliteration is all according to keikaku,” and you recognize the reference, and you get that teeny warm glow of amusement, where does that little positive feeling come from? Of course, part of the amusement is remembering the absurdity of the original incident, but there is also a pleasure in being affirmed as in the loop.)

Okay, anyone still with me? Back to Naruto.

So, in modern prevailing culture, most proper nouns from foreign sources are transliterated (romanized). A problem arises when the literal meaning of a foreign word that is conventionally transliterated is thematically or narratively important.

Use of parenthetical glosses and translator’s notes is ancient and very common, from “Golgotha, or the place of the skull” in the Bible to “that too is my nindo, my ninja way” in the official Naruto anime dub.

Another important principle in translating that frequently sways me as a translator of Chinese to English is this: If it doesn’t sound stupid in the source language, it should not sound stupid in the target language.

For example: English, culturally/historically, while not absolutely excluding literal objects in place and people names, is frequently biased against it. Names in English that are like Rose and Pearl Harbor are the exception, or in some cases a novelty, such as the very recent popularity of first names like Phoenix, Cannon, or Rebel. It’s worth pointing out also that in many cases these kinds of names are popularly perceived as downmarket (even trashy) or amusing. Lists of funny place names are often things like Bird-in-Hand, Pennsylvania; Possum Grape, Arkansas; and Big Arm, Montana. This is the case even though many “respectable” names have meanings far more ridiculous than these. No one will laugh if you say your name is Philip; people will laugh if you introduce yourself as Horse Lover. Peter sounds much more respectable than Rock. Mary, Miriam, and Maria are all sweet girls names, even though the literal meaning was Bitter!

Naruto is particularly tricky in this regard because many of its original names do sound funny to native speakers but they don’t sound as weird as they do when translated literally. Uzumaki Naruto, for example, could potentially be selectively over-translated into “Whirlpool Whirlpool”, making him the Moon Moon of shounen heroes. At least Naruto is meant to sound funny in the original; Sarutobi Asuma sounds basically normal in Japanese, but True Tomorrow Monkey Jump sounds like word salad.

Then we get into connotations as well. If Neji were translated to Screw, for example, it would have an unfortunate sexual connotation in English that isn’t there, so that’s another factor that can push towards transliteration.

Now in Naruto translations, including official ones, sometimes use a mix of transliterations and translations for place and organization names. Konoha, the Leaf, the Hidden Leaf Village, and Konohagakure, the Village Hidden in the Leaves, these are all commonly used. Frequently the place is called by the transliteration Konoha whereas the organization is called the Leaf. ANBU Black Ops is another mix of transliteration and translation/gloss, and when it’s reduced to just ANBU, it feels right because it sounds like an acronym which culturally in English is how these kinds of organizations are usually known (eg MI5, SEALs, etc).

Choices in translation are as much about communicating the feel of the original as the meaning.

Anyway I’ve hit my time limit and I need to go to Costco now. I feel like I’ve barely scratched the surface of this topic. Translation is both art and science; it really is a social science, too. This is why machine translation will not replace human translation unless and until AI fully catches up with human sentience.