#Chicano Movement

[switchkick]

John Valadez, Couple Balam, 1978/80

[apokrify]

Gloria Arellanes, at left, and at center, with fellow Brown Beret members including, from clockwise: Lorraine Escalante, Hilda Reyes and Arlene Sánchez.

[kuramirocket]

"The rights and privileges that you hold so dear today were fought for and won by those who came before you. And America fought them tooth and nail every step of the way. Those rights and privileges that you enjoy today, they weren't freely given to people like you and me [speaker is Mexican]. They were fought for by Black, Brown and Native Americans, the people of yesterday. We are where we are today not because of America, but in spite of it. In spite of America's best efforts to see to it otherwise.

Source

Just an example of this:

Chicanos/Mexican Americans fought for their right to equal education when we were given subpar education compared to white students, even when Mexican students studied at the same level or higher than their white peers. Despite many being good students they were still put in 'Mexican' classes which again were subpar and overall poor. Mexican students were geared towards vocational jobs and not encouraged to attend universities. During the school walkouts Mexican Americans and Chicanos fought for equality and for Mexican Anerican studies to be implemented. This gave our people the recognition and chance to see the importance of our culture and history in the U.S.; To empower our people that we are not defined by racist stereotypes and just because we're Mexicans does not mean we are destined to not achieve higher things and goals in life.

[penatejanaculturalstudies]

Ester Hernandez, La Virgen de Guadalupe Defendiendo los Derechos de los Xicanos, 1975, Smithsonian American Art Museum, Museum purchase through the Frank K. Ribelin Endowment, 2013.56, © 1975, Ester Hernández

https://americanart.si.edu/artwork/la-virgen-de-guadalupe-defendiendo-los-derechos-de-los-xicanos-86123

Ester Hernandez was the first prominent Chicana artist to implement the imagery of La Virgen de Guadalupe as a form of political symbolism questioning the marginalization of women in Chicano women.

[oldshowbiz]

1970.

The Chicano Power Movement.

[knxfesck]

Idk what is is with chicano activists and aztlan. Every conversation is just "I miss aztlan you guys used to love aztlan" If you could stop appropreating mexica ancestral beliefs for your ethnostate power fantasies that would be great it makes you look goofy ash.

[amy-lerma]

Just one of my few favorite books I have in my collection!

The Revolt of the Cockroach People, by Oscar Zeta Acosta. This book was printed in 1973.

[panther-os]

When Special Interests Collide: 9-1-1 & Linguistics Edition

Peruvian and Mexican Spanish are unique dialects - heavily influenced by local indigenous languages - where several words don't even sound similar to each other. An "accent" isn't going to be what trips Eddie and Buck up when talking to each other, it's going to be slang and regional differences.

Think soda vs pop vs sodapop vs soft drink vs coke or coca-cola vs lemonade vs Sprite vs other brand names for lemon-lime soda. All equally correct ways to refer to the same thing, varying only by dialectical context and specificity. (In some parts of the South, all soda is coke or coca-cola. In some parts of the world as a whole, all lemon-lime soda is called lemonade while lemonade itself is lemon juice. In my part of the world, all lemon-lime soda is Sprite.)

Some dialects are more common - almost everyone in North America who learns Spanish in school learns Northeastern Mexican Spanish with Texan influence and almost everyone in Europe who learns Spanish the same way learns Castilian Spanish.

(Eddie may have learned any of the 10 dialects of Spanish local to Mexico from his family or even a Texican variant from before the border changed. He may also be fluent in Spanglish, which is a structured code-switching system between Spanish and English, with some creole words thrown in where appropriate to its own internal rules.)

Andean-Coastal Spanish is the most common form spoken in Peru out of five recognized dialects, and it's extremely common in Ecuador as well but almost unheard of in the United States and Canada.

It's not just "saying words funny" or "sounding like the white boy he is". It's far more like a Scots English speaker talking to a Bostonian. Which I'm aware sounds exactly like "saying words funny" to the uneducated, but that's why I'm making this post. <3

An accent is how the oral posture (the way the parts of your mouth move) of your native language affects how you say words in a learned language. It can also be how the posture of your native signed language affects how you form signs in others, or how the alphabet of your native language affects how you write characters and symbols in another alphabet.

You can have a strong accent, but not a bad accent.

A dialect is a variation of a language, with its own grammar, syntax, and vocabulary similar but distinct from other dialects of the same language. Or, in rare cases, grammar or vocabulary completely different from other dialects! Most dialects of the same language are mutually intelligible, meaning you can understand what the person means even if not what they say.

You can speak a different dialect or mimic a dialect badly, but you cannot speak a wrong dialect.

A language is a system of communication with distinct, nuanced rules governing how - and sometimes in which situations - it is used. Most languages are mutually unintelligible, meaning the speaker of one cannot understand the other at all. If two languages are from the same language family, they may be partially intelligible instead, meaning you can get the gist or pick up keywords, but you cannot understand completely.

In addition to speaking a different language, you can speak a wrong language or speak a language badly, depending on the context.

TL;DR: Peruvian and Mexican Spanish are dialects of the same language, with similar but different rules and vocabulary, which Buck would speak with an American accent. As a bilingual person, if Eddie learned Peruvian Spanish, he would likely speak it with an American accent on some words and a Mexican Spanish accent on others. If Buck was speaking Peruvian Spanish correctly and Eddie was speaking Mexican Spanish, they would mostly understand each other, but not completely, and their accents would not affect that.

[althaeaofficinalis]

I always know a book about mexican/mexican-american women by a mexican/mexican-american woman is going to be good when the reviews from xicana women are glowing and the reviews from white us women are like, ":/ I couldn't relate to this character, why did they do [cultural thing] when they could have just not?"

[macabre-discotheque]

every now and then i will have a thought about the 70s and then spontaneously combust into a thousand fla[gets dragged away by security]

[doyoulikethissong-poll]

Ritchie Valens - La Bamba 1958

"La Bamba" is a Mexican folk song, originally from the state of Veracruz, also known as "La Bomba". The song is best known from a 1958 adaptation by rock and roll pioneer and forefather of the Chicano rock movement Ritchie Valens, which became a Top 40 hit on the US charts. Valens's version is ranked number 345 on Rolling Stone magazine's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. "La Bamba" has been covered by numerous artists, notably by Los Lobos whose version was the title track of the 1987 film La Bamba, a bio-pic about Valens; their version reached number 1 on many charts in the same year. Their music video won the 1988 MTV Video Music Award for Best Video from a Film.

"La Bamba" is a classic example of the son jarocho musical style, which originated in the Mexican state of Veracruz, and combines Spanish, indigenous, and African musical elements. "La Bamba" likely originated in the last years of the 17th century. The oldest known historical references come from the town of Alvarado, Mexico, where it apparently was performed with an atypically lively rhythm. The oldest recorded version known is that of Alvaro Hernández Ortiz, who recorded the song with the name of "El Jarocho". His recording was released by Victor Records in Mexico in 1938 or 1939, and was reissued on a 1997 compilation by Yazoo Records, The Secret Museum of Mankind Vol. 4.

Ritchie Valens learned the song in his youth. In 1958 he recorded a rock and roll flavored version of "La Bamba", originally released as the B-side of his number-two hit "Donna". His recording of the song was inducted into the Latin Grammy Hall of Fame and the Grammy Hall of Fame. On February 3, 1959, on what has become known as "The Day the Music Died", Valens died in a plane crash in Iowa, an accident that also claimed the lives of fellow musicians Buddy Holly and J.P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson, as well as their pilot. Valens was 17 years old at the time of his death. He was posthumously inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame, the Rockabilly Hall of Fame, the Native American Music Awards Hall of Fame, the California Hall of Fame, and has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. In 2018, his version of "La Bamba" was selected by the Library of Congress for preservation in the National Recording Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

"La Bamba" received a total of 92,2% yes votes!

[penatejanaculturalstudies]

Judy Baca, Absolutely Chicana, 2008. Screenprint. Collection of the McNay Art Museum, Gift of Harriett and Ricardo Romo, 2013.25.

https://www.mcnayart.org/exhibition/estampas-chicanas/

Judy Baca's work included in the Estampas Chicanas exhibit in the McNay Art Museum continues to acknowledge and reflect Chicana's struggle to be included and respected in the Chicano Labor movement.

[sapper-in-the-wire]

So bungie made this post, and it’s getting dog piled by reactionary morons. Latinx derives from Chicano movements incorporating a Nahua ‘X’ into modern Spanish (Chicano can be rendered as Xicano with almost the same pronunciation). Chicanx was a way to incorporate a linguistic heritage that was almost wiped out by the Spaniards, challenge Spaniard led linguistic rigidity in gendered language, and also speak to the American relationship with the letter ‘x’ (Malcom X, the usage of X to mark slave cargo etc).

It’s a regional thing, invented by those that that thought it worked for them. If it doesn’t apply to a Hispanic or Latino because they don’t have a Nahua ancestral root, cool! It wasn’t supposed to be all encompassing. And yet the response is just pure smoothbrain reactionary - especially for something which is just a regional thing. What? Chifa isn’t a word because it’s only in Peru?

If you use Twitter, go mark that stupid community note as unsourced and incorrect.

https://x.com/bungie/status/1708886230492967428?s=46&t=gD2LFCz8QzvT16bpU8LsQA

[jstor]

JSTOR Daily offers a profound exploration of Chicanx, a term historically associated with Mexican Americans, through a meticulously curated reading list. This collection begins by analyzing the construction of race for Mexican descendants in the U.S., highlighting how institutional racial constructs led to discrimination and overshadowed the diverse Indigenous, Black, and European ancestries. The list includes pivotal works from the Chicano Movement of the 1960s and 1970s, focusing on activism against historical injustices in education, policing, and housing.

Central to this collection is Chicana Feminism, which expanded the conversation to include intersectional views on race, gender, and sexuality. This shift mirrors the evolution of Chicanx identity, from a cultural marker to a political identity encompassing various racial and ethnic backgrounds.

Concluding with the latest interdisciplinary studies in Chicanx, the list showcases recent research on LGBTQ+ experiences and issues shared by Mexican and Central American communities. This evolution in the field is exemplified by changes in academic departments, like the renaming of the UCLA César E. Chávez Department to include Central American Studies. JSTOR Daily invites readers to a scholarly journey through the dynamic history and identity of the Chicanx community with this comprehensive reading list.