#Chi-square tests
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MY AP FINAL IS IN A FEW HOURS AHHHHHH
#My art#blogsona#gif#this looks way to angelic than I wanted#I’m stressin#It’s 6 am right now#My test is at 11:30 am#AHHHHHHHH#wish me luck besties#probably gonna need it#if there’s a chi squared diagram on the free response section im gonna die#the multiple choice is like 60 questions and the free response has six#yet they give us a whole ass hour and a half for the free response cause it’s like decoding a scientific study#biology#ap tests#ap biology
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ok gonna do an unserious vent rq but HOLY FUCK I UNDERSTAND CHI SQUARES.
i was working on my ap bio lab report and it’s about genetic linkage and shit and i have to use chi square values to prove/disprove a null hypothesis, right? well chi squares have been FUCKING MY ASS all year. EVERY. SINGLE. TEST. the only question i ever get wrong is the GODDAMN CHI SQUARE ONE.
and so while working on this lab report i’m like, “fuck this i don’t even know what i’m talking about” so i go searching online and FINALLY. AFTER LIKE AN HOUR OF READING RANDOM MATH WEBSITES. I UNDERSTAND.
coach ily but you DID NOT EXPLAIN THAT SHIT RIGHT 🙏
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everyone like "WHY IS THIS HATER THE ONE DOING THE SURVEY" it's bc I'm a lunatic and am willing to spend 6 hours at a time manipulating the data to run statistical tests for this survey to get something beyond the total percentage of ppl in each category.
#me sitting at the computer as the sun sets around me playing with excel: I AM LOVING THIS#acotar fandom is quaking#I am chug chug chugging away at this#just running a thousand chi squared tests#GETTING SOME INCHRESTING RESULTS THO ALREADY#straight ppl like gwynriel
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Shape: Skewed Right, Unimodal
before the poll, a quick definition of terms:
"mutual" - you found this post from a mutual (on their blog or your dash) "following" - you found this post from someone you're following, but who isn't following you "random" - you found this by scrolling through someone's blog, who you don't follow. this includes people following you "For You" - you found this on the For You page "recommended" - you found this in a "Check out these blogs" popup, or a "recommended" post when looking at a different post "other" - you found this post some other way. comment how? "reblog ✅" - you're going to reblog, queue, or schedule this post "reblog ❌" - you're NOT going to reblog, queue, or schedule this post
with that out of the way:
#s#poll#skewed right#unimodal#I could do a chi square test for independence on this bad boy#1 pop 2 cat AMEN
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Never before have I turned in negative peer reviews. The time has finally come.
#come ON guys#group project right. statistics. two questions.#I’m the only one who didn’t get docked points for formatting so I’m like oh I’ll get started on that while yall figure out what test it is#I spend. 45 minutes. on formatting. writing the summary. and verifying all assumptions and conditions.#they. in the same time. have identified it’s a chi-squared test for independence.#AND THATS FUCKING IT#so apparently no one can figure out how to run the test in statcrunch#we get kicked out of the room we were in right as I’m opening the data to see if I can figure it out#once we find a second room. it takes me a grand total of three minutes to figure it out. THREE MINUTES.#WHAT THE FUCK WERE YALL DOING IT WASNT EVEN DIFFICULT#IT WAS LITERALLY JUST stat-goodness of fit- chi square test#admittedly. I have no idea if I’m doing it RIGHT (or if we’re running the right test) but everyone agreed that resulting table was right#so I throw it in the doc and start writing the report to finish up the question#no one else does. anything. until I finish writing it.#and then. AND ONLY THEN. are they like hmmm what’s question two about#at which point we get kicked out of that room and one person has to leave to go work on another group project#so we stopped for the day.#I leave saying I’ll get the summary and formatting done for part two tonight.#all is well it ain’t difficult I identify what tests we need to run it’s fucking easy right#yesterday. we’re supposed to meet at six. no one can meet at six anymore. great.#one other member writes down the hypotheses we’re testing.#those hypotheses are currently the only thing on the document not written by me.#I have shit I need to do so I need to get this assignment Done Today#so now. I have also verified all assumptions and conditions for the unpaired And paired t tests for question two#and ran both tests through statcrunch. I have all the data. I have done the question#I just need to write the report#cause again I was apparently the only one who didn’t miss points on that in case one#and like not to be a bitch but they sat in that room Dead Silent the WHOLE TIME#WHAT WERE YALL DOING#THIS IS A 180 POINT PROJECT
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Chi-Square Test of Independence and Post Hoc Analysis
Chi-Square Test of Independence
In this analysis, I conducted a Chi-Square Test of Independence to examine the relationship between two categorical variables with more than two levels. Here's a step-by-step overview, including the syntax used and the results obtained.
Hypothetical Data
Assume we have a dataset with the following categorical variables:
Variable A: 3 levels (e.g., Group 1, Group 2, Group 3)
Variable B: 2 levels (e.g., Outcome 1, Outcome 2)
Contingency Table:
Syntax for Chi-Square Test of Independence
R Syntax:
Python Syntax (using scipy):
Output
R Output:
Python Output:
Interpretation
The Chi-Square Test of Independence produced a chi-square statistic of 25.066 with a p-value of approximately 1.34e-05. Since the p-value is significantly less than the typical alpha level of 0.05, we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a significant association between Variable A and Variable B.
Post Hoc Analysis
Given that the Chi-Square Test indicates a significant association, we need to perform a post hoc analysis to determine which specific group pairs contribute to the observed significant association.
Post Hoc Analysis (Adjusted Residuals):
To identify which cells contribute significantly to the Chi-Square statistic, compute the standardized residuals.
R Syntax for Residuals:
Python Syntax for Residuals:
Interpreted Residuals: Significant residuals indicate which cells in the contingency table contribute most to the chi-square statistic. For instance, if the standardized residual for Group 3 and Outcome 2 is notably high, it suggests an unexpected high frequency in that cell compared to what was expected under the null hypothesis.
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Running a Chi-Square Test of Independence Assignment
My Program:
Program Output and Summary:
Chi-Square Test Results for life expectancy and HIV rate
A Chi Square test of independence revealed that among the countries in the GAPMINDER Dataset, the life expectancy (the categorical explanatory variable, collapsed into 4 ordered categories) and the HIV rate ranges (the categorical response variable, collapsed into 4 ordered categories) were significantly associated, X2 = 70.53, 9 df, p = 1.19e-11.
Post-Hoc Chi-Square Test results for life expectancy and HIV rate
Post hoc comparisons of HIV rate ranges by pairs of life expectancy ranges revealed that prevalence of HIV was statistically similar among countries with 62-72 years life expectancy and countries with 73-77 years life expectancy. Prevalence of HIV rates was statistically different between all other life expectancy ranges. More specifically, higher HIV rate ranges were common for countries with lower life expectancy ranges.
Chi-Square Test Results for life expectancy and breast cancer cases
A Chi Square test of independence revealed that among the countries in the GAPMINDER Dataset, the life expectancy (the categorical explanatory variable) and the breast cancer case ranges (the categorical response variable, collapsed into 4 ordered categories) were significantly associated, X2 = 84.17, 9 df, p = 2.38e-14.
Post-Hoc Chi-Square Test results for life expectancy and breast cancer cases
Post hoc comparisons of breast cancer case ranges by pairs of life expectancy ranges revealed that lower breast cancer case ranges were significantly more common among countries within 48-61 year life expectancy range, than among countries within 73-77 year and 78-83 year life expectancy ranges. Post hoc comparisons also revealed that higher breast cancer case ranges were significantly more common among countries within 78-83 year life expectancy range, than among countries within 62-72 year and 73-77 year life expectancy ranges.
In contrast, prevalence of breast cancer was statistically similar between countries within 48-61 year and 62-72 year life expectancy ranges, as well as between countries within 62-72 year and 73-77 year life expectancy ranges.
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I JUST WANNA BE PRETTY DOIN MY CHI SQUARED DIAGRAMS OK
I bought the coral
#blogsona#my art#ti-84#Texas Instruments wanna explain#shitpost#I need a calculator for my ap bio test in may#i hate Chi squared diagrams
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Shape 1: Skewed Right
Shape 2: Skewed Right
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I finished my data analysis for POV distribution in TRC! Figure captions are in the alt text. Other observations, discussion of the analysis and results, and some supplemental figures are under the cut. This is perhaps the most self-indulgent project I've worked on <3
Other observations: I went into this analysis with the hypothesis that each of the four protagonists would have the most chapters and/or pages in the following pattern: Blue for TRB, Ronan for TDT, Adam for BLLB, and Gansey for TRK. This mostly held true, although Blue had more chapters and pages than Adam in BLLB. This trend was more significant in terms of page distribution compared to chapter distribution. Mean chapter length differences were infrequent and did not follow the expected pattern, although I did see trends towards shorter chapters for antagonists not grouped into "all others."
There is a relative lack of back-to-back chapters for the same POV character, although this does occur in all books (twice for Blue in TRB; once for The Gray Man, twice for Adam, and six times for Ronan in TDT; five times for Blue [two of which are back-to-back-to-back], once for Gansey, twice for Adam [one of which is back-to-back-to-back], and once for Greenmantle in BLLB. I mention all of this to say that in TRK, this occurs once for Ronan, once for Blue, once for Adam, and thrice for Gansey- but in one of these instances, Gansey has SIX chapters in a row. Nine of the chapters from 48 to 58 are from his POV. The Raven King indeed!
Analysis notes:
For each book, I counted how many chapters each POV character had and how many pages each POV character had. Page numbers are based on the UK paperback editions of the series. In the figures, I show raw # of chapters and pages, as well as the proportion of chapters and pages attributed to each POV character over the total number of chapters or pages. I also compared POV characters’ pages/chapter ratio and tested for differences in mean chapter length with a one-way ANOVA with multiple comparisons.
For most measures, in cases where chapters had multiple POV characters in sequence, I divided the chapter by # of characters. For example, chapter 44 in TRB starts with Adam, switches to Whelk, and ends with Blue. This chapter counted as 1/3 chapter for each character. In BLLB, only the prologue contained multiple discrete POV sections (Persephone, Calla, and Maura) and Piper only had her POV featured in the epilogue so I grouped these two chapters as “All Others” and excluded them from statistical tests. For TRK and TRC, I did include the "All Others" category in the analysis. (“All Others” includes chapters/pages with ambiguous POV (Kavinsky’s text in TDT- are we reading it from the sender or the recipient’s POV?), mixed/omniscient POV (the Gray Man’s tarot reading in TDT – we get internal thoughts and feelings from multiple characters), and in TRK, any character aside from Blue, Gansey, Adam, and Ronan.)
In figures that represent raw counts of chapters or pages, the dashed horizontal line represents the expected number of chapters or pages per POV character if the distribution was equal. The p values on these figures represent the results of a Chi-square test to test whether the actual distribution of pages or chapters was different from an equal distribution.
For the pages/chapter ratio data and the Chi-square tests, I did not apply this calculation and counted each discrete POV as a full chapter because I needed counts and sample sizes to be integers for the statistical analysis (Gansey having an n = 8.5 was not making GraphPad prism very happy with me). I had to do a bit of rounding to the nearest number which was not ideal, but I did this as little as possible. (There is probably a workaround for this, at least for the ratio data, but I am not a statistician). To at least approximate what results would look like without the skew towards a lower pages/chapter ratio, I also ran the ANOVA only with chapters containing a single POV character, which is why you’ll see two figures for the pages/chapter metric for each book (except for BLLB).
I am considering p values < 0.05 to be significant; I have included non-significant p values on some figures to provide additional context. If there is no p value on a given figure, you can assume I found no significant differences amongst POV characters’ chapters and/or pages in my analysis.
If you have questions about the analysis please let me know! :)
Supplemental figures: TRK data shown for all unique POV characters (these figures do not have captions in the alt text; the four on the left depict distribution of chapters and pages across the 19 different POV characters in TRK; the vast majority of the chapters and pages are attributed to either Blue, Gansey, Adam, or Ronan. The two figures on the left show mean pages per chapter for all characters, with no clear/statistically significant trends across the data. The demon's chapters are noticeably short.)
#rchl#trc#trc data#the raven cycle#the raven boys#the dream thieves#blue lily lily blue#the raven king#this was sooooooo fun btw do we want setting data next maybe?#im also working on a more language driven project about usage of camaro vs pig#also i have reached self parody by including a supplemental section like that is truly absurdly me
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Test Play
Title: Test Play Characters/Pairings: Game Designer!Bucky x Female!Reader Word Count: 1.8k Summary: Sequel to Perfectionists. All hands on deck around the clock as SHIELD has to put in some extra work in order to get things ready for game approval before the beta test can be launched soon at PAX East, especially if they want to beat out HYDRA's new pending release. What will that mean for the new development between Bucky and SHIELD's top tier tester when there doesn't seem to be time for sleep, let alone... whatever this is?
Content/Concept Warnings: gamer AU; strong language; SMUT: vaginal fingering, cock warming; beefy Bucky who is soft but a menace
Notes: THE FIRST OF MY PROMISED ANNIVERSARY SLEEPOVER FICS! Also crossing off:
Catching up on @buckybarnesevents WEEK FOUR of Hot Bucky Summer: Free Week: suggested cock warming
Seventh square of @buckybarnesbingo C3: FREE SPACE - seemed fitting to couple it with HBS Free Week
When I wrote Perfectionists, I really didn't think I had more story to tell or that these two would get as much love as they did...so this is something I'm very excited to share for part of my Anniversary Sleepover event!
A/N: AND THANKS to @rookthorne who helped me with a bit of gamer lingo and encouraging these two and literally @vonalyn’s expertise in knowledge of the gaming industry! Chi especially not only steered me in the right direction, but you were so generous and indulgent of my inquiries!
story divider by @sgt-seabass, reblog graphic by @vase-of-lilies
Masterlist | Aspen's Ask Box | Field Guide to the Forest
Steve looked over from his desk to see Bucky’s fingers tapping anxiously across the way on the corner of his desk, chin propped on his other hand, staring – glaring, really – at the clock on the wall. As the leads on the new Avengers story release for SHIELD, he and Bucky were on hold until the feedback from the latest round of testing hit their inboxes.
“You good?” Steve asked. None of them were great right now, but Steve felt keenly the need to make sure as captain of this crew that everyone was at least good.
The glower turned to him. “I’m fine, just… hate waiting.”
The icy blue stare didn’t faze Steve – he knew it wasn’t for him. “Maybe there are some preliminary notes we could get a jump on. Do you want me to go check on her progr–?“
“No, I’ll go,” Bucky cut him off and stood abruptly in the same second. He was out of the engineering and design lab before Steve could even respond.
Steve frowned.
Nat and Sam had gone down to consult with the marketing department, but Joaquin was still in the lab with him. “You know he hates these spots where there’s nothing to do until there’s something to do even more than you, Cap,” he quipped.
Steve sighed. “I know. But he seems even more worked up than usual, he’s never liked having to talk with the testers before now, but I guess desperate times…”
Steve went back to refreshing his inbox because there definitely were more things he needed to communicate back to the other teams, even if the other part of his work was on hold, so he missed the slight smirk on Joaquin’s face.
Bucky was on a direct path, not to be deterred by anyone if they were trying to get his attention in any way. As he came around a corner, he nearly collided with T’Challah, lead writer on the story design team.
“Barnes! My apologies!”
“Oh, no!” Bucky’s face turned a bright red. Anyone else and Bucky with his broad chest and hulking frame would’ve probably bowled them over. “That was all me.”
Though they’d worked together from time to time over the last year, Bucky still didn’t know him very well, but T’Challah was one of the few others at SHIELD Bucky enjoyed working with outside of his own team and he had a fair bit of respect from the man.
“On your way to the test room?” T’Challah guessed.
Bucky rubbed the back of his neck. “Guilty.”
T’Challah smiled. “I just came from there. From our conversation, I expect we’re closer than we hoped on getting this mode online with the rest of the release. She’s not done yet, but I think you’ll like what she has to say.”
You glanced over your shoulder when you heard someone closing the door to the test room. “I can not go any faster, I promise.”
You did a double-take and paused the game when you saw the giant gaming engineer who had ruined you a week earlier crossing the room. “Hi,” you breathed and returned the soft smile you saw on his face. You were glad it was dim in the room so he couldn’t see every detail of your expression, feeling flushed at the sight of him, and biting the slight edge of your bottom lip.
“Hi,” he returned warmly. There was a slight twinkle in his eye as his gaze swept over you. “What is this?” he gestured up and down as he planted himself down next to you, body angled to you and not the gaming screen.
You were cocooned with only hands sticking out from one blanket draped over your head and your shoulders and another wrapped around your legs. “It is Women’s Winter! I’m trying not to freeze in the extremes of corporate American summer air conditioning temperatures!”
Bucky laughed. He laughed around the team, but rarely around anyone else. And this? With you? This was still so new, but it was nice.
“Here, I’ll help warm you up.” Bucky settled in on the couch directly next to you. His hulking frame made the couch dip slightly beneath him, and that brought your cocooned self partially into his lap. He wrapped one beefy arm around your back and the other rested over your legs.
“Hi,” you said again, a whisper this time.
“Hi.” The dimness of the room did not prevent you from seeing the heat that was building in his gaze.
That look made you want to squirm in the best way – to be writhing under him. He was so big you had to tilt up your head to look into each other’s eyes, but that was no problem. It meant a natural invitation for Bucky to lean down and capture your lips in a kiss.
Which he did.
The sweet greeting of the kiss, not having seen each other for a few days, melted away quickly into more. His tongue teased at the seam of your lips, and you opened your mouth to him eagerly. It was hungry and demanding, and he pulled a moan from your throat.
And for some reason your brain switched back on, and you laughed breathlessly and pulled away.
“Buck, no.”
“Buck, yes.”
He circled his arms around you completely now and burrowed his head into the crook of your neck, mouthing at the tender flesh there, a little nipping, kissing, and licking that had you moaning again.
The thud as the controller hit the floor reminded you again that you were supposed to be finishing the test play, not letting Bucky play with your body.
You jumped out of his arms and retrieved the controller.
“Buck, anyone could come in and see us! We’re lucky no one caught us the first time.”
The grin does not leave his devastatingly handsome face. “I specifically locked the door when I came in this time.”
You laughed but shook your head. “That was awfully presumptuous!”
His expression softened, and he reached for your hand. You let him pull you closer as he spoke. “It might have been presumptuous, but it wasn’t my only intention. I’ve been eager to see you, spend time with you. One night of fun last week and lunch the next day before the HYDRA shitstorm… that’s not all I wanted with you.”
He held your hand up and kissed your palm before pulling you even closer. You melted into him as he circled his arms around your waist, your blankets having pooled at your feet. One of your hands threaded into his hair, the other wrapped gently around his neck. He turned his head, resting his cheek against your front, and you felt and heard him take in a deep breath and then exhale slowly. You felt that energy mirror inside of you as well.
You didn’t think he had only used you for one hot night of pleasure – the hours spent wrapped up in each other on the couch after fucking, and then waking up in your own bed the next morning to a text already waiting asking if you wanted to get lunch had said a lot – but it had not been the week to jump into … whatever this was going to be. Ten days ago Barnes had only been the guy you had harbored a crush on and thought didn’t like you one bit since you had been professionally clashing for months as game engineer and game tester.
Literally while you had been at lunch, teasing him about his questionable choice of footwear, Bucky had received a flurry of Slack messages and then a call from Steve. They had intel on review notes from the beta release HYDRA had submitted to one of the first party platforms and Fury had decided to bring the Deep Shadow Conditions mode back into the release SHIELD was going to submit to the first party platforms for approval at the end of next week.
Meaning Bucky and the rest of his team had only by necessity taken any kind of breaks to sleep and refuel for the last seventy-two hours, you’d exchanged all of five texts, and had only seen him from across the main floor once in all that time.
So, this was nice.
Your Apple Watch buzzed at your wrist, and you groaned and pushed away from Bucky, hastily moving around to stand behind the couch.
“I’ve got to finish this test play!”
And you hit resume on the game, leaned forward, and planted your elbows on the back of the couch, getting back into the zone.
Bucky heaved himself over the back of the couch and closed in on you, caging you in on either side with his massive biceps, his big solid chest at your back.
“Bucky!” you tried to take a stern tone, but it was hard when you were relishing the measured weight of him against you.
“I’m not stopping you,” he murmured against the back of your neck.
“Bucky! Really!”
He shifted slightly and then you could feel the smirk of his lips on the side of your neck. He planted one hot kiss there, then said, “If you’re so damn good at what you do, keep playing.”
“Are you issuing me a challenge?”
“Just a chance to prove what a consummate professional you are.”
“Challenge accepted. You are an incorrigible menace,” you laughed.
“Actually, I’m cold.”
“You were judging me and my blankets not even five minutes ago,” you said, focused on the action on the screen.
While he remained hunched over your back, you felt him moving again, and you heard but didn’t register the sound of his belt unbuckling.
“Blankets? No,” he murmured in your ear, “I need you to warm me up.”
“Oh,” you moaned when his broad hand cupped your pussy.
“Think you can do that for me?”
He stroked firmly.
“Part of the testing is to see if we’ve got a game that captures the player’s attention, right? I’m just helping you test this aspect, see if a player can become easily distracted, lose interest – that’s the last thing we want.”
Slowly but purposefully Bucky undid your pants and you fought to keep your breathing even and your eyes open and where they were supposed to be as he pulled them down with your underwear. Then he nudged his right foot on the inside of yours to push your legs further apart while two of his fingers moved over your soft, slickening folds. Then he sunk his cock into you, and you both exhaled at the feel of him inside of you.
“How’s that?”
You let out a slight whimper.
“That good, huh? You’re never at a loss for words with that talented tongue.”
You elbowed him gently. “You really wanna play, Barnes? You tease that you just need some cock warming? You get me to break, and then you can fuck me however you like.”
“Oh, I can be patient. I’ll get you to beg for me to fuck you. We’ll see who gets desperate first.”
↠ Main Masterlist | Aspen's Ask Box | Field Guide to the Forest
I do not do tag lists, but FOLLOW @buckets-and-stories and TURN ON NOTIFICATIONS to be updated any time I publish a new work!
Link to the List of Sleepover Games
#bucky barnes x reader#bucky barnes x female reader#gamer au#bucky barnes au#bucky barnes smut#aspen's anniversary sleepover#aspen wrote something#hotbuckysummer2023#buckybarnesbingo2023#bbb2023#bucky barnes x you#bucky barnes fanfiction#bucky barnes fanfic#omg reblogged thank you#kink: cock warming
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Let's see if this is really a thing that exists...
The goal of this poll is not to be judgemental of anyone or cause arguements (If the comments get too much on fire I may delete it), just to check is this a fandom-wide thing, or am I imagining it. Without jumping to conclusions. Or at least I will try my best not to jump, but then, I am myself in a peculiar position on this scale so... anyway.
Poll. And instructions (below).
Not where you live but how do you culturally identify ("partially" counts).
Sorry for vague poll options, "Valar&co" is not well defined, but I hope you get the vibe. If you support different sides on different points in history (FA vs War of the Ring, for example), try to average it.
The Valar, and Eonwe, and Gandalf and the likes. "I am a proud Feanárion and hate both Morgoth and his kin [the Valar]" counts as "I don't take a clear side". Sorry, I … ok, technically I could add this as fourth option, but then I'd have no slots left for the "nuanced potato". :(
Also, I don't think anyone other will need this clarification, but "needs to get over his bs because I like him for no clear reason" does not count as "support". Not enough. If I made a more detailed poll then maybe it would count as half of a point.
Oh, but also: If your support for Mairon comes down to "he should get away from Morgoth asap and get a redemption arc", it counts as "I support the Valar more".
Please vote (or even reblog), if this gets enough votes I will be able to do a chi-square test and maybe get some results! But the subtler the correlation the more votes this test needs to work.
#silm#silmarillion#tolkien legendarium#the silm#the silmarillion#silm polls#melkor#morgoth#mairon#sauron#silm fandom#sorry for complicated instructions
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Revisiting this after a year of taking Stats, and running a chi-square test on it
If you don't know how to read that, it means that there does not seem to be an association between the two, at least based on the sample I collected
I’ve noticed a correlation between NPD and nonhumanity on this site, especially while interacting with NPD spaces, and I’ve seen a slight correlation with other PDs as well. I wanted to make a poll just to see if I can get a little more data on this. (I know Tumblr polls are inherently very biased, but I’m still going to make the poll)
CLARIFICATIONS: If you have NPD and a different PD as well, choose the NPD option. PD stands for Personality Disorder, and NPD stands for Narcissistic Personality Disorder.
This is my first time doing a poll, so it may not be the most polished or whatever (it’s also 4AM when I’m posting this)
Also, the option that applies to me is that I have NPD and am nonhuman
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Reference archived on our website
This is an issue with far too little study done. It also makes the ban on gay men (and trans women) giving blood because of the potential for HIV seem all the more silly when nearly everyone who gives blood in the US has had at least one covid infection since 2020.
Abstract Background In 2022, the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron surge affected 8.8 million people in Taiwan. This study delves into how the transition from containment to mitigation strategies in COVID-19 control has altered concerns regarding transfusion safety.
Methods Blood donations during 2020–2022 in Taiwan were included. Donation details and post-donation information (PDI) were retrieved to assess donation fluctuations and incidences of various PDI. The main effects of PDI reporting were assessed using chi-square test and logistic regression. Additionally, from April to August 2022, we collected disease information from COVID-19 donors, and tested their repository specimens for SARS-CoV-2 RNA and antibodies.
Results Before 2022, when containment measures were in place, only 8 blood donors with COVID-19 reported PDI. However, by mid-2021, there was a significant decrease in blood donations. In 2022, with mitigation strategies implemented, a total of 3483 donations reported COVID-19 PDI. The incidence of all cause PDI increased from 10.5 per 10,000 donations in 2020–2021 to 29.9 per 10,000 in 2022, with nearly 70% of PDI being related to COVID-19. Female donors reported more PDI events. Additionally, the incidence significantly decreased with age. A total of 1148 repository specimens from COVID-19 donor were tested, revealing no detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA. The seroprevalence rates of anti-nucleocapsid(N) and anti-spike(S) antibodies were 0.61% and 98.4%, respectively.
Conclusion Transfusion safety concerns in Taiwan progressed alongside the evolution of control strategies, with a one-year delay following the pandemic started. The absence of RNAemia among COVID-19 donors indicates that precautionary measures were commensurate with the risk.
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