#Certificate Authority market

[differenttimemachinecrusade]

Certificate Authority Market Landscape: Opportunities and Competitive Insights 2032

Certificate Authority Market size was valued at USD 167.7 Million in 2023 and is expected to grow to USD 442.2 Million by 2032 and grow at a CAGR of 11.4% over the forecast period of 2024-2032

The Certificate Authority (CA) market is witnessing rapid expansion, driven by the increasing demand for secure digital transactions, data protection, and regulatory compliance. With businesses shifting towards digital platforms, the need for SSL/TLS certificates, code signing, and digital signatures has surged. Organizations across industries are prioritizing cybersecurity to mitigate risks associated with online threats and data breaches.

The Certificate Authority market continues to grow as enterprises, governments, and individual users seek to enhance online security. Digital transformation initiatives, cloud adoption, and stringent cybersecurity regulations are fueling the demand for reliable CA services. The expansion of e-commerce, online banking, and IoT ecosystems has further accelerated the need for strong authentication and encryption solutions provided by certificate authorities.

Get Sample Copy of This Report: https://www.snsinsider.com/sample-request/3558 

Market Keyplayers:

DigiCert (DigiCert SSL Certificates, Certificate Lifecycle Manager)

GlobalSign (GlobalSign SSL Certificates, CloudSSL)

Entrust (Entrust SSL/TLS Certificates, PKI as a Service)

Comodo CA (Positive SSL, Comodo Certificate Manager)

Symantec (Symantec SSL Certificates, Endpoint Protection)

GoDaddy (GoDaddy SSL Certificates, Managed WordPress Hosting)

Sectigo (Sectigo SSL Certificates, Certificate Manager)

Let’s Encrypt (Let’s Encrypt SSL Certificates, ACME Client)

Trustwave (Trustwave SSL Certificates, Managed Security Services)

Amazon Web Services (AWS) (AWS Certificate Manager, AWS CloudFront)

Market Trends Driving Growth

1. Rising Adoption of SSL/TLS Certificates

As cyber threats become more sophisticated, organizations are increasingly implementing SSL/TLS certificates to encrypt communications and ensure website authenticity. The adoption of HTTPS protocols is now a standard requirement, with search engines and regulatory bodies pushing for secure connections.

2. Growth in Digital Signatures and E-Signature Solutions

The increasing adoption of digital transactions has driven demand for e-signature solutions backed by certificate authorities. Businesses and governments are implementing digital signature solutions to ensure document authenticity, prevent fraud, and comply with regulatory standards.

3. Expansion of IoT Security

With the rapid proliferation of Internet of Things (IoT) devices, security concerns have escalated. Certificate authorities are playing a crucial role in securing IoT ecosystems by providing device authentication, encrypted communications, and data integrity protection.

4. Regulatory Compliance and Data Protection Laws

Stringent data protection regulations such as GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation), CCPA (California Consumer Privacy Act), and eIDAS (Electronic Identification, Authentication, and Trust Services) are mandating secure digital identities and encrypted communications. Organizations are investing in CA solutions to ensure compliance with these regulations.

5. Cloud-Based and Managed PKI Solutions

The shift towards cloud computing has increased the demand for Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) as a Service and managed CA solutions. Enterprises are leveraging cloud-based certificate management services to streamline security operations, reduce costs, and ensure scalability.

Enquiry of This Report: https://www.snsinsider.com/enquiry/3558 

Market Segmentation:

By Component

Certificate Type

SSL Certificates

Code Signing Certificates

Secure Email Certificates

Authentication Certificates

Services

By Certificate Validation Type

Domain Validation

Organization Validation

Extended Validation

By Enterprise Size

SMEs

Large Enterprises

By Vertical

BFSI

Retail and E-commerce

Government and Defence

Healthcare

IT and Telecom

Travel and Hospitality

Education

Market Analysis and Current Landscape

Key factors contributing to this growth include:

Rising cyber threats and phishing attacks: Organizations are prioritizing encryption and authentication to protect sensitive data.

Increase in remote work and digital transactions: Businesses require secure communication channels and authentication mechanisms for remote employees.

Demand for Zero Trust security frameworks: Organizations are integrating PKI-based authentication to enhance access control and data security.

Advancements in quantum-safe cryptography: Research and development in quantum-safe encryption are driving innovation in the CA market.

Despite strong market growth, challenges such as certificate lifecycle management complexities, lack of awareness, and evolving cyber threats persist. However, advancements in automation and AI-driven certificate management solutions are addressing these issues.

Regional Analysis: Market Expansion Across Key Geographies

North America: Leading the CA market due to stringent cybersecurity regulations, high adoption of digital transformation, and a strong presence of technology firms.

Europe: Witnessing significant growth due to compliance with GDPR, eIDAS, and other cybersecurity mandates driving the demand for trusted digital identities.

Asia-Pacific: Experiencing rapid market expansion, fueled by increasing internet penetration, government-led cybersecurity initiatives, and growing e-commerce sectors.

Latin America and Middle East & Africa: Emerging markets with growing digital adoption and rising awareness of cybersecurity threats are contributing to CA market growth.

Key Factors Influencing Market Growth

Cybersecurity Awareness & Rising Threat Landscape – The growing number of cyberattacks, ransomware incidents, and phishing scams are compelling businesses to adopt strong encryption measures.

Integration of AI & Automation in Certificate Management – AI-driven security solutions are simplifying certificate lifecycle management, reducing the risks of expired or compromised certificates.

Government & Industry-Specific Regulations – Compliance requirements across financial services, healthcare, and government institutions are driving widespread CA adoption.

Adoption of Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA) – Certificate-based authentication methods, including client certificates and smart cards, are gaining traction in identity verification solutions.

Emergence of Blockchain-Based Digital Identities – The use of blockchain for decentralized identity verification is an emerging trend, with some CAs exploring blockchain-based trust models.

Future Prospects: The Road Ahead for Certificate Authorities

The Certificate Authority market is expected to continue its upward trajectory, with advancements in encryption technologies and identity management solutions. Future developments include:

Quantum-Resistant Cryptography: As quantum computing advances, CAs will invest in post-quantum cryptography solutions to ensure future-proof security.

Automated Certificate Management Platforms: AI-powered tools will enhance the efficiency of certificate issuance, renewal, and monitoring to prevent security lapses.

Expanding Role of CAs in IoT & 5G Security: With IoT devices and 5G networks becoming more prevalent, CAs will play a critical role in securing connected ecosystems.

Growth of Decentralized Trust Models: Emerging technologies such as blockchain and Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) will reshape the digital identity landscape.

Stronger Collaboration Between Public & Private Sectors: Governments and enterprises will work together to establish more robust cybersecurity frameworks and trust standards.Access Complete Report: https://www.snsinsider.com/reports/certificate-authority-market-3558 

Conclusion

The Certificate Authority market is at the forefront of the digital security revolution, providing essential authentication, encryption, and identity verification solutions. As cyber threats evolve and regulatory requirements tighten, the demand for CA services will continue to rise. Organizations that embrace automation, AI-driven security, and emerging cryptographic technologies will be well-positioned to thrive in this rapidly expanding market.

With increasing investments in cybersecurity infrastructure and the growing reliance on digital trust, certificate authorities will play a pivotal role in shaping the future of secure online communications and transactions worldwide.

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[dhirajmarketresearch]

[cert3global]

Understanding the Role of the UK Responsible Person: Your Key to Compliance

One of the most significant consequences of Brexit for businesses placing products on the UK market is the emergence of the UK Responsible Person (UKRP). Similar to the European Authorized Representative (EAR) under the EU legislation, a UKRP acts as the point of contact for regulatory authorities and consumers. They ensure compliance with UK laws and regulations, taking on responsibilities formerly carried out by the EAR.

[saltofmercury]

Sentimental

Pairing: Jason Todd x f!reader

Author's note: Writing feels so good!!! I'm so happy to be writing again :)

Summary: Jason holds onto things that make him emotional. That doesn’t make him emotional.

*

Jason Todd would never call himself emotional.

He prefers the term sentimental. Sentimental is what surrounds the items in his trinket box. There’s not many items inside —some personal information mostly. A death certificate, a watch, and more recently items from you. A scrunchie, a broken keychain, and notes.

He had noticed the bracelets, gold and silver trinkets decorating your arm, then something not as shiny, the weird black ribbon scrunchie. The scrunchie you never gave it to him.

He watched as you pushed your hair back, your hands guiding the elastic weaving through your hair, sitting on top of your head.

What was left was the red indent on your wrist. You seemed to pay no attention to it, but he did not like the idea of something leaving a mark on you. Red and indented. The angry mark kept being shown, often closed off by your other bracelets.

“Does this hurt?” He asked you later at night wondering how it hadn’t gone down since the afternoon. 

“No, I get these all the time.” You say, carefully gauging his reaction.

“But I don’t like the impression it leaves you with.” He scowled, rubbing his thumb along the indent. 

Impressed by the mark it did leave—He took the scrunchie the next day, wearing it for a total of five hours. He had come back to the apartment you two shared, showing you the indent of his own. Now he keeps your scrunchie on his arm, willing to hold it for you. You never really take it back though, you just let him hold onto it. Seeing how he fidgets and snaps it on his own. He doesn’t give it back either.

Sentimental over the keychain you bought him for the key to your apartment. A big step in your relationship, where he had been earning your trust, giving you space, waiting for you to take the next step — you just wanted some peace of mind from him entering through the balcony window.

It had been a small joke between you guys about how you wish you had a pocket sized “him” so you could tell him at any moment anything that happened during your work day.

It prompted the idea to make him into a Lego.

You carefully selected the top, bottom, and head, and even added a red cap on top as an inside joke for his mask.

Jason could hardly respond. It leaves him tongue tied at the little figurine placed in his hand. Your smile beaming at him, then, expressionless when he doesn’t say anything. 

“You don’t like it?” You pout, hoping you didn’t cause offense.

He stares back at you intensely, suddenly breathless.

“I love it.”

He does wish he were more careful with it. After falling from a two story building, he had landed on it causing the little figurine to crack into multiple pieces. He would have taken a dislocated shoulder over the broken keychain.

“You fell on it?” you ask, seeing it cracked in multiple pieces in your hands.

“The guy snuck up on me and kicked me off the ledge.”

“And you fell … on it? Didn’t that hurt?” You peer up from your hands concerned he’s not fused with any other Lego pieces on his leg.

He tries to glue it back together, seeing the irony in himself in the Lego pieces. It frustrates him, he places it in a bag and puts it away in the box. He just starts to keep the key around his neck. The next day he gets surprised by the different figurine.

“Don’t land on this one ok?” You smile up at him.

Sentimental over every note you’ve ever written him— which causes his small box to overflow with colors of

“I’ll be back with dinner”

“went to the market” 

“Ice cream in the freezer!”

And all the “I love you’s see you later”

Scribbled in your writing on blue, white, pink, and yellow scraps of paper, post-its, and notepads. 

What seemed like a small note was a reminder to him that someone does come back for him. 

Someone is there for him.

So no, Jason Todd isn’t emotional. He’s just sentimental.

[probablyasocialecologist]

Market-based approaches to forest conservation like carbon offsets and deforestation-free certification schemes have largely failed to protect trees or alleviate poverty, according to a major scientific review published on Monday. The global study—the most comprehensive of its kind to date—found that trade and finance-driven initiatives had made "limited" progress halting deforestation and in some cases worsened economic inequality. Drawn from years of academic and field work, the report compiled by the International Union of Forest Research Organizations (IUFRO), a group of 15,000 scientists in 120 countries, will be presented at a high-level UN forum starting Monday. Its authors urged a "radical rethink" of increasingly popular market-based approaches often promoted as effective at saving forests, curbing global warming and raising living standards in developing nations. "The evidence does not support the claim of win-wins or triple wins for environment, economy and people often made for market mechanisms as a policy response to environmental problems," said contributing author Maria Brockhaus from the University of Helsinki. "Rather our cases show that poverty and forest loss both are persistent across different regions of the world... where market mechanisms have been the main policy option for decades," she told AFP by email.

Read the report here

[moomine]

backwash | daisuke

author's note: part one of a future series... the mouthwashing brainrot is real... if you want to be part of a taglist for future updates feel free to reply or dm me! (cover image credit)

summary: (daisuke x f!reader) The first day on the Tulpar is short as the reader and the rest of the crew adjust to their new day-to-day life in space. While settling in, she gravitates to Daisuke, the ship's impromptu intern, during a brief but meaningful encounter

word count: 1,153

warnings: no trigger warnings! all characters are 18+

now playing: Mook - "Malmo"

⋆⁺₊⋆ ☀︎ ⋆⁺₊⋆

EMPLOYEE STATEMENT 001—

My mom wasn’t happy I accepted this job. She knows —like all of us do— that space transit is a dying market. She said: “It’s all automated now. People don’t belong out there anyway.” And yet, Pony Express is still afloat, despite it all. Why did I want to go? I don’t really know. This is all I seem to understand. I mean, what the hell else am I supposed to do with this degree? With my piloting certification? This has been my dream my entire life. If you can tell me that there’s anything better, then, please, let me know. I know I’m under contract now, and there’s no backing out. I don’t plan on it. This is what I love, isn’t it?

DAY ONE—

You would never forget the feeling of the Tulpar taking off. The shaking. The back and forth of force and resistance rocking the old ship as it exited Earth’s atmosphere, launching itself into space. It was similar to riding a rollercoaster. The build up in your torso as your stomach seemed to rise, lifting up and up until it felt like it was bulging at the base of your throat. Then it fell deep into your belly, as if trying to push itself out of your body all together, tipping over the peak of a tall slope. After a moment of nausea, there was nothing. A staggering stillness as the ship settled within the embrace of zero gravity. The persistent rocking ceased. The whining of metal warping hushed to a whisper, and then into a chilling silence. The adrenaline which had built up blended with something else. Something almost euphoric.

The cockpit was a sickly green, illuminated by the various nearby screens that signaled the take-off was a success. Under the tight grip of your seat belt, you shifted in your chair, attempting to loosen the rough fabric fastens.

Captain Curly leaned into the microphone and spoke over the intercom: “All right, folks. Thank you for flying with Pony Express,�� he laughed at his own joke. “You’re free to walk around and get yourself acquainted with our lovely ship. Afterall, she’ll be housing us for another three hundred eighty one days. Let’s make this haul a good one. Cheers.”

He looked over his shoulder from where he sat, a proud smile gracing his lips. It was an almost cocky expression. He appeared proud of himself, maybe even happy to get to show off in front of a new pilot.

“How was that?” Curly asked in your direction.

“Incredible,” you said breathlessly. Your eyes were still wide from the excitement.

The pilot let out a low belly laugh. His smile stretched from ear to ear. “Always happy to please.” He turned to his co-pilot, Jimmy, whose face was almost as green as the screens that surrounded you. “How about you, Jim? Doing okay?”

“Never better,” Jimmy croaked, his eyes closed as he focused on not being sick.

Curly’s smile transformed into a smirk. A rough, friendly hand landed on Jimmy’s shoulder as Curly gave it a good squeeze.

“Still acting like a first time flier,” Curly teased him, eyes flicking back to you. “Go ahead and get settled in. Make some friends. All of that good stuff. Tomorrow the real work begins.”

“Right. Thank you.” You nodded in response. There was a quiet click as you unfastened your seatbelt and stood up straight. Your legs swayed beneath you, still adjusting to the feeling of being upright again.

The walk to the sleeping quarters from the cockpit was a short one. As you ventured down the hall —drawn deeper within the belly of the Tulpar by the sound of distant conversation— the rib-like pipes groaned as if greeting you. The door opened with a low hiss, revealing a short hallway with two rooms on either side and one at the end of the hall. In comparison to the cold, metallic halls from room to room, the sleeping quarters were a warm and welcoming sight. Out-dated wood paneling stretched up the walls, the floor a tacky linoleum in a similar tone. Inside of that tiny hallway, you started to forget you were on the ship at all.

“Listen, kid.” You saw an older man, Swansea, standing in a doorway, his north-eastern accent heavy as he spoke. “It’s all right to take it easy today, but tomorrow I’m gonna need you to take this seriously. It won’t be all coloring books and cartoons out here, you understand?”

“You got it, sir! You won’t have to worry about me one bit, I’m pretty self sufficient. Y’know, my friends back home say I’m the best-” Another younger voice spoke from inside of the room before quickly getting cut off.

“I don’t need your life’s story, kid. I just need you to pull your weight,” Swansea said.

You walked down the hall quietly, trying not to disturb the two as they continued back and forth. Each door had a last name displayed on the front, with yours at the very end of the hall. As you passed, Swansea looked over his shoulder at you and offered a small nod of acknowledgement. Just past him, you could see Daisuke who stood in the middle of his room, saying something about how he would do his best.

Daisuke’s gaze shifted from the older man in his doorway to you. Although it was only for a moment, his eyes seemed locked on yours as a soft smile spread on his lips. He stopped what he was saying, and raised a hand to wave at you. A short, but sweet gesture, which you happily returned.

“We’ll see about that,” Swansea spoke up, grabbing Daisuke’s attention once more. “I’m gonna nap until dinner’s ready. Your first task is to leave me the hell alone. Think you can do that?”

“No problemo,” Daisuke responded. He raised his hands into finger guns, shooting two shots at Swansea.

Shaking his head, the older man rolled his eyes while trying to suppress his obvious annoyance. “God, what did I get myself into…”

You entered your room as Swansea entered his, closing your door behind you. The room glowed with soft, yellow light. It was small, and almost clinical, but somehow cozy at the same time. In one corner sat a twin sized bed with a red blanket and golden sheets, and in the other was a mid-century dresser. Your bags and belongings rested in a less than neat pile in the middle of the room, clearly shaken from take off.

The high of your adrenaline had fizzled out significantly. Although you knew it would be wise to finish unpacking, your head felt heavy and your body ached, yearning to lay down for a bit. You kicked off your boots and crawled on top of the scarlet comforter. Before you knew it, you were like old Swansea, napping just before dinner.

[sizzlingsandwichperfection-blog]

Hello, acclaimed YA author John Green! I have a question about the coffee. (Coffee is one of my favorite tastes)

As I understand it, you "are" the company inasmuch as you are marketing for it, not like you literally own or run it, is that approximately correct? So I don't know how much executive influence you wield within the corporation, but I'd like to run this by you: Fair Trade coffee is great for uplifting the local economy, but it can still be (and unfortunately, often is) grown unsustainably. I didn't see much in the way of specific environmental claims on Awesome Coffee's site... What do you think about Awesome Coffee sourcing coffee that meets environmental certification reqs, like Shade Grown or Bird-Friendly? Is this something the company might be interested in pursuing?

Thank you for your question.

My official position is temporary unpaid CEO and social media marketing intern of the awesome coffee club. (This means I do very little of the actual work, which is in keeping with both interns and CEOs.)

Coffee supply chains are very complex! And environmental impact is very complex! And it turns out that you can kind of SAY anything on your coffee packaging. You can say it's fair trade without carefully defining that term, or environmentally sustainable or bird friendly without carefully defining that term. There are folks who are trying to establish standards on these fronts, but it varies so much from community to community. Is it better to shade-grow coffee in extant forests, or better to increase yields on land that has been coffee trees for decades? The answer to that question may be different in Indonesia than in Colombia. So what we've tried to do is work with farmers and small co-ops that maintain and own longstanding well-established coffee groves. But just to be clear, no coffee is carbon-neutral or eco-neutral. It's a form of consumption, just like corn and wheat, which are often grown in deforested regions of the U.S. But I think our partners at Sucafina are doing a good job genuinely working to minimize the impact that Awesome Coffee has on the environment, while maximizing the impact it has on the farmers we work with.

[scotianostra]

September 2nd 1724 Maggie Dickson climbed the gallows in Edinburgh's Grassmarket, ready to take “The last drop”

Her downfall came when she got pregnant and tried to conceal the fact. Maggie’s husband had deserted her to work in the Fisheries in Newcastle in Northern England.

Consequently she had to leave Edinburgh and moved to Kelso in the south of Scotland. Whilst there she had an affair with an innkeepers son.

As the Innkeeper was her employer she felt compelled to keep the pregnancy quiet as she would lose her job. Tragically the baby died after being born prematurely and she decided to dispose of the body. She intended to cast it into the River Tweed but instead left it on the riverbank. It was soon found and the authorities quickly determined that Maggie was the mother. At that time such an action in Scotland contravened the 'Concealment of Pregnancy Act' of 1690 which made it tantamount to murder.

"Her reason for concealing the birth of the child was for fear of being made a public example in the church, and a laughing-stock to all her neighbours The legal and religious institutions were severe on women concerning matters of their pregnancy. Even the natural occurrences of miscarriage or still-born infants could incur the wrath of the law.

And so it was, Maggie was tried, convicted and sentenced to hang. The execution took place on the 2nd September 1724 in the Grassmarket area of Edinburgh. This was the favoured location for hangings at that time and normally took place on market day to ensure a sizeable crowd.

Her body was then taken in a coffin for burial to the town of Musselburgh which was east of Edinburgh. Apparently this was only after an unseemly scuffle between her family and local medical students keen for a young body to dissect. The corpses of the condemned were regularly passed to the Schools of Anatomy in the name of science in the 18th century.

The family had their way and took possession of Maggie's remains for burial. They set off on the journey and on the way stopped off at a pub for some refreshments in the Peffer Mill area. All of a sudden there came a knocking and banging on the coffin lid from the inside. Astonished, they opened up the coffin to discover that she was not dead.

Miraculously it seemed that Maggie Dickson had not succumbed to the gallows but had cheated death at the hands of the law. She was alive and well as confirmed by a local gardener on the scene who cut a vein to check for a flow of blood. After spending a night to recover Maggie actually walked back to Musselburgh the next day.

But what would happen next? As the death certificate had already been issued it was impossible to re-execute Maggie. This was because Scots Law is based on Roman Pandects and in this case it prohibited further action. Therefore the King's Advocate could not pursue the matter any further.

Instead he filed against the Edinburgh Sheriff in the High Court of Justiciary for not efficiently conducting the public execution. The ruling also meant that as Maggie was technically dead then her marriage was dissolved.

Furthermore, the prevailing opinion amongst people in Edinburgh considered her survival to be the result of divine intervention. Local people believed it had been 'God's will' that had spared her from an early grave.

Rumours persist that she actually seduced the ropemaker and convinced him to make the noose weak enough not to kill her. We will never know if that's the truth.

Whatever the facts of her hanging Maggie lived for another 40 years and had many children. Her husband remarried her despite that fact that she now sported rope burns and her neck was permanently crooked for the rest of her life. She is said to have ran an alehouse in Musselburgh for the rest of her life.

If you have ever visited Edinburgh’s Grassmarket you will have no doubt seen the names of the bars have a historical connection, The White Hart connects with King David I and his encounter with a White Stag, The Last Drop is of course a nod to the execution place and Maggie Dickson is for our erstwhile subject today, who the people of Edinburgh remember as “ Half-hangit Maggie “

[guildofpriapus]

In civilized western society, the idea of ownership of another human being is considered anathema.

In Riverdale County, however, women are regarded as possessions that can be bought, sold, and traded, much like livestock or property. This society has institutionalized the concept of women as commodities, creating markets where transactions involving women are common. They have no legal autonomy and are subject to the whims of their "owners."

Under Guild Strictures, laws are explicitly designed to support the ownership and trade of women. Birth certificates serve as deeds of ownership, and women have no legal rights or personhood.

Women are evaluated based on attributes such as beauty, fertility, and skills. Their perceived value can fluctuate based on societal trends and demands.

The Guild Community has normalized the objectification of women, embedding it deeply into cultural practices and traditions. Festivals are held where families display their female members for potential trade.

Historically, similar practices existed in ancient civilizations where women were often seen as property. In ancient Rome, for instance, women were under the legal authority of their fathers or husbands.

In 19th century England and America, the legal doctrine of coverture meant that a woman's legal rights were subsumed by her husband upon marriage. This still stands in Riverdale.

ACQUISITION

Acquisition ( "porning" or "cutting in" as it is known colloquially) is where a man can assuage his debt to another by presenting his wife as collateral. In theory the wife may be returned to the husband on payment of the debt, but this rarely happens in fact. Comely wives are kept until they lose their allure, and less attractive wives become, in effect, sex slaves, subject to all manner of demeaning acts in the attempt to amuse their new owners, and thus remain in favour. Falling out of favour means transportation or prostitution.

[tarysande]

Hi! I’m considering becoming an editor but I’m not sure if it’s the right fit for me. If you don’t mind answering, what was your path like for becoming an editor, and what does the job mostly consist of for you?

Additionally, while I really do like helping other people’s work become better, I get too in my head to release a lot of my own work. Does editing require you to also be a writer most of the time, or could I get by mostly just editing?

Thanks!

Hi, anonymous friend!

These are really good questions for a potential editor to ask.

To (sort-of) answer your question, the amount of writing involved depends on the type of editing, honestly. So, first you have to decide what kind of editor you want to be.

Roughly, editing breaks down into three-to-four types: developmental/substantive, line/stylistic, copy editing, and proofreading. These terms are mixed up and interchanged ... often. Increasingly, line editing includes or incorporates copy editing, which is why I say "three-to-four."

Developmental is the big picture stuff, including manuscript critiques. Books of all kinds usually undergo some kind of developmental editing--by editorial agents, acquisitions editors, freelance developmental editors, etc. In my experience, this is also the kind of editing that requires the most writing and/or the most author/editor interaction.

Stylistic/line editing tends to be editing at the sentence level, looking at diction, structure, clarity, consistency, etc. Copy editing, on the other hand, is what many people think of when they think of editing--it's the mechanics of writing, like spelling, grammar, punctuation.

Proofreading is the rather specialized skill of editing proofs. They're the final eyes on a pre-published piece; they're looking for typos and errors rather than anything that will involve significant authorial changes because a proof page has already been "set" (as it were).

All of these kinds of editing can be applied to many different areas of communication, and the editors who perform them can be self-employed (like me) or work for an employer (i.e., as a more traditional employee). Employee editors might work in-house at a publisher (of books, magazines, academic journals, etc.), or they might have any number of editing-focused roles in business, government, education, etc. Self-employed editors may also end up working as contractors for other companies; this is pretty normal.

Many book publishers, including the Big Five, farm out a lot of their editing these days, by the way. Especially the copy editing and proofreading. So, those particular jobs are dwindling as in-house options. Publishers can pay freelancers less ... and avoid paying benefits. (#capitalism)

I will also say that, especially in jobs with anything to do with marketing or advertising, there's a lot of annoying scope creep where "copy editor" is often expected to be a copy writer, too. Again, it's a symptom of employers wanting to pay fewer people to do more jobs (and it's really annoying).

My path has mostly involved trying as many things as possible and slowly weeding out the ones I don't like. I've pretty much always been self-employed because the personal benefits (setting my own schedule, rates, deadlines) works better for me. That said, I'm Canadian (so I don't have to worry about employer-covered healthcare), and I have a partner whose salary is regular and whose benefits cover me, so I don't have some of the worries a freelancer in the US or a single-income household might have. I'm increasingly working on the development side of things because big-picture storytelling, including writing and editor/author interaction, is my jam. But I have also done a ton of line/copy editing on fiction, non-fiction, academic work, etc.

Without knowing what kind of editing you're looking to get into, it's harder for me to offer suggestions for next steps, but generally, I'd say it's important to get SOME training--whether through a school, a certificate program, or the various workshops and professional development offered by editing associations (Editors Canada, the CIEP, ACES, the EFA, ...there's an Australian one whose acronym has slipped my mind). Researching the flavor of editing you're interested in will probably offer up avenues for study, too. For example, most US publishers/authors use iterations of the Chicago Manual of Style. Most UK publishers/authors use Hart's Rules/Oxford. Academic journals/schools/students have different style guides (APA, AMA, MLA, Harvard, Vancouver). Law uses the Blue Book. It's good to have working knowledge of a few style guides--and then you have to keep up with the changes (Chicago's 18th edition is coming out this year, and I hear some significant changes are afoot--such as fully embracing the singular they!).

The tl;dr here is that yes, there are a lot of writer-editors. But there are also a lot of editors who aren't writers at all, or who have no interest in becoming writers, or who don't want their writing and editing to overlap, or who edit because they like helping people and they value clarity. At the end of the day, editing and writing are two very different hats, and you don't necessarily need to wear both.

...this is already a bit long, but if you have other questions or want me to get more specific about something, please ask!

[wokealqaeda]

Albert Gonzalez (born 1981) is an American computer hacker, computer criminal and police informer, who is accused of masterminding the combined credit card theft and subsequent reselling of more than 170 million card and ATMnumbers from 2005 to 2007, the biggest such fraud in history. Gonzalez and his accomplices used SQL injection to deploy backdoors on several corporate systems in order to launch packet sniffing (specifically, ARP spoofing) attacks which allowed him to steal computer data from internal corporate networks.

Gonzalez bought his first computer when he was 12, and by the time he was 14 managed to hack into NASA. He attended South Miami High School in Miami, Florida, where he was described as the "troubled" pack leader of computer nerds. In 2000, he moved to New York City, where he lived for three months before moving to Kearny, New Jersey.

While in Kearny, he was accused of being the mastermind of a group of hackers called the ShadowCrew group, which trafficked in 1.5 million stolen credit and ATM card numbers. Although considered the mastermind of the scheme (operating on the site under the screen name of "CumbaJohnny"), he was not indicted. According to the indictment, there were 4,000 people who registered with the Shadowcrew.com website. Once registered, they could buy stolen account numbers or counterfeit documents at auction, or read "Tutorials and How-To's" describing the use of cryptography in magnetic strips on credit cards, debit cards and ATM cards so that the numbers could be used. Moderators of the website punished members who did not abide by the site's rules, including providing refunds to buyers if the stolen card numbers proved invalid.

In addition to the card numbers, numerous other objects of identity theft were sold at auction, including counterfeit passports, drivers' licenses, Social Security cards, credit cards, debit cards, birth certificates, college student identification cards, and health insurance cards. One member sold 18 million e-mail accounts with associated usernames, passwords, dates of birth, and other personally identifying information. Most of those indicted were members who actually sold illicit items. Members who maintained or moderated the website itself were also indicted, including one who attempted to register the .cc domain name Shadowcrew.cc.

The Secret Service dubbed their investigation "Operation Firewall" and believed that up to $4.3 million was stolen, as ShadowCrew shared its information with other groups called Carderplanet and Darkprofits. The investigation involved units from the United States, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Poland, Sweden, the Netherlands and Ukraine. Gonzalez was initially charged with possession of 15 fake credit and debit cards in Newark, New Jersey, though he avoided jail time by providing evidence to the United States Secret Service against his cohorts. 19 ShadowCrew members were indicted. Gonzalez then returned to Miami.

While cooperating with authorities, he was said to have masterminded the hacking of TJX Companies, in which 45.6 million credit and debit card numbers were stolen over an 18-month period ending in 2007, topping the 2005 breach of 40 million records at CardSystems Solutions. Gonzalez and 10 others sought targets while wardriving and seeking vulnerabilities in wireless networks along U.S. Route 1 in Miami. They compromised cards at BJ's Wholesale Club, DSW, Office Max, Boston Market, Barnes & Noble, Sports Authority and T.J. Maxx. The indictment referred to Gonzalez by the screen names "cumbajohny", "201679996", "soupnazi", "segvec", "kingchilli" and "stanozlolz." The hacking was an embarrassment to TJ Maxx, which discovered the breach in December 2006. The company initially believed the intrusion began in May 2006, but further investigation revealed breaches dating back to July 2005.

Gonzalez had multiple US co-defendants for the Dave & Buster's and TJX thefts. The main ones were charged and sentenced as follows:

Stephen Watt (Unix Terrorist, Jim Jones) was charged with providing a data theft tool in an identity theft case. He was sentenced to two years in prison and 3 years of supervised release. He was also ordered by the court to pay back $250,000 in restitution.

Damon Patrick Toey pleaded guilty to wire fraud, credit card fraud, and aggravated identity theft and received a five-year sentence.

Christopher Scott pleaded guilty to conspiracy, unauthorized access to computer systems, access device fraud and identity theft. He was sentenced to seven years.

Gonzalez was arrested on May 7, 2008, on charges stemming from hacking into the Dave & Buster's corporate network from a point of sale location at a restaurant in Islandia, New York. The incident occurred in September 2007. About 5,000 card numbers were stolen. Fraudulent transactions totaling $600,000 were reported on 675 of the cards.

Authorities became suspicious after the conspirators kept returning to the restaurant to reintroduce their hack, because it would not restart after the company computers shut down.

Gonzalez was arrested in room 1508 at the National Hotel in Miami Beach, Florida. In various related raids, authorities seized $1.6 million in cash (including $1.1 million buried in plastic bags in a three-foot drum in his parents' backyard), his laptops and a compact Glock pistol. Officials said that, at the time of his arrest, Gonzalez lived in a nondescript house in Miami. He was taken to the Metropolitan Detention Center in Brooklyn, where he was indicted in the Heartland attacks.

In August 2009, Gonzalez was indicted in Newark, New Jersey on charges dealing with hacking into the Heartland Payment Systems, Citibank-branded 7-Eleven ATM's and Hannaford Brothers computer systems. Heartland bore the brunt of the attack, in which 130 million card numbers were stolen. Hannaford had 4.6 million numbers stolen. Two other retailers were not disclosed in the indictment; however, Gonzalez's attorney told StorefrontBacktalk that two of the retailers were J.C. Penney and Target Corporation. Heartland reported that it had lost $12.6 million in the attack including legal fees. Gonzalez allegedly called the scheme "Operation Get Rich or Die Tryin."

According to the indictment, the attacks by Gonzalez and two unidentified hackers "in or near Russia" along with unindicted conspirator "P.T." from Miami, began on December 26, 2007, at Heartland Payment Systems, August 2007 against 7-Eleven, and in November 2007 against Hannaford Brothers and two other unidentified companies.

Gonzalez and his cohorts targeted large companies and studied their check out terminals and then attacked the companies from internet-connected computers in New Jersey, Illinois, Latvia, the Netherlands and Ukraine.

They covered their attacks over the Internet using more than one messaging screen name, storing data related to their attacks on multiple Hacking Platforms, disabling programs that logged inbound and outbound traffic over the Hacking Platforms, and disguising, through the use of proxies, the Internet Protocol addresses from which their attacks originated. The indictment said the hackers tested their program against 20 anti virus programs.

Rene Palomino Jr., attorney for Gonzalez, charged in a blog on The New York Times website that the indictment arose out of squabbling among U.S. Attorney offices in New York, Massachusetts and New Jersey. Palomino said that Gonzalez was in negotiations with New York and Massachusetts for a plea deal in connection with the T.J. Maxx case when New Jersey made its indictment. Palomino identified the unindicted conspirator "P.T." as Damon Patrick Toey, who had pleaded guilty in the T.J. Maxx case. Palomino said Toey, rather than Gonzalez, was the ring leader of the Heartland case. Palomino further said, "Mr. Toey has been cooperating since Day One. He was staying at (Gonzalez's) apartment. This whole creation was Mr. Toey's idea... It was his baby. This was not Albert Gonzalez. I know for a fact that he wasn't involved in all of the chains that were hacked from New Jersey."

Palomino said one of the unnamed Russian hackers in the Heartland case was Maksym Yastremskiy, who was also indicted in the T.J. Maxx incident but is now serving 30 years in a Turkish prison on a charge of hacking Turkish banks in a separate matter. Investigators said Yastremskiy and Gonzalez exchanged 600 messages and that Gonzalez paid him $400,000 through e-gold.

Yastremskiy was arrested in July 2007 in Turkey on charges of hacking into 12 banks in Turkey. The Secret Service investigation into him was used to build the case against Gonzalez including a sneak and peek covert review of Yastremskiy's laptop in Dubai in 2006 and a review of the disk image of the Latvia computer leased from Cronos IT and alleged to have been used in the attacks.

After the indictment, Heartland issued a statement saying that it does not know how many card numbers were stolen from the company nor how the U.S. government reached the 130 million number.

Gonzalez (inmate number: 25702-050) served his 20-year sentence at the FMC Lexington, a medical facility. He was released on September 19, 2023.

[allthebrazilianpolitics]

Brazil opens up to Norwegian salmon

The Oslo government has persuaded Brazil to fully open its market to Norwegian seafood, most notably salmon.

With a population of more than 215 million, Brazil represents a huge opportunity for Norway’s fish farmers and its fishermen. Currently Chile is the main provider of salmon to Brazil.

The Norwegian Food Safety Authority and the Brazilian authorities last week agreed on the conditions for the export of aquaculture products to Brazil.

From today, the Authority can issue health certificates for products from aquaculture to Brazil.

Continue reading.

[dhirajmarketresearch]

[cert3global]

Mastering Post-Market Surveillance: Safeguarding Medical Devices

Post-market surveillance is a systematic approach that helps manufacturers monitor and assess the performance and safety of their medical devices once they are on the market. It involves the collection and analysis of data from various sources, such as user feedback, complaints, adverse events, and clinical studies, to ensure that any potential risks or issues are identified and addressed promptly.

[hannahhook7744]

Frollo Kid Badun Detective Agency Files;

Cesare Frollo (Getting To Know The Dead):

Name Of The Dead: Cesare Bartholomew Colmcille Frollo. 

Age Of The Dead: 17 years old. 

Father: Judge Claude Frollo.

Mother: A woman rumored to be named ‘Joan’. 

Sibling(s):  

Quasimodo (Older Adoptive Brother),

Cornel Frollo (Younger Half Brother),

Cyriacus Frollo (Younger Half Brother),

Claudine Frollo (Younger Half Sister),

And Magnolia ‘Gigi’ Gothel (Younger Half Sister).

Favorite Food: Grape crepes.

Favorite Color: Black. 

Favorite Toy/Object: Beaded Cross Necklace (he's never had a toy). 

Dream Job/Job Had: According to his sister, Cesare was interested in teaching and likely would have pursued the career path had their father died before he had. 

Hobbies: Reading, theater, playing with his siblings, playing with fire, learning new things, finding out about history, coming up with learning plans, doing projects, studying law, exercising, listening to hymns, and arts and crafts.

Pet(s): None.

Cause Of Death: Stabbed to death by Daciana Gaskit—one of Frollo’s many victims.

Signature Of Person Who Filled Out The Report:

Detective Hermione ‘Hermie’ Bing.

------------------------------------------------------------

Cesare Frollo (Death Report):

Cesare Frollo (Death Report):

Name Of Detective: Yzla Sorcerer of Enchancia.

Age Of Detective: 7 years old. 

Date Of Report: December 3rd, Year 12.

Name Of The Deceased: Cesare Bartholomew Colmcille Frollo

Age Of The Deceased: 17 years old. 

File Number: 0001.

Report: The Deceased (17, Male. Child of Judge Claude Frollo) died from blood loss after getting stabbed six times by one of Frollo’s victims—and his half brother, Cornel Frollo’s, grandmother— Daciana Gaskit.

The Deceased reportedly stopped to help the woman up after she tripped in the market when she attacked on June 17th, Year 10, while on his way to a surprise party one of his friends, Hunter de Vil, was throwing him. Nearby witnesses say that one moment the woman was fine and the next she was screaming in (what they assume to be) her native tongue. Conflicting reports from those who speak her language say that she may or may not have mistaken him for the Judge based on their very similar appearances. But these are just rumors. 

Surprisingly, some onlookers quickly rushed to intervene, preventing the elderly woman from getting anymore stabs in on the teen by separating the two—and get some medical aid from one of the few medical staff on the isle at the time, finding one Dr. Martha Hatchaway in under half an hour.

But by then it was too late for the doctor to do anything other than sit with the deceased as he breathed his last breath. 

His next of kin was informed shortly after by the good doctor herself and was given a full Catholic burial (or as close to one as one can have on the isle) and word spread.

It is being looked into at the moment whether or not there was a death certificate issued by any one at the time or not. 

Yzla signing out. 

------------------------------------------------------------

(In Universe) Note: The agency received the photos of the victim from Hunter de Vil and are currently looking into ways to replicate the photos so that the Frollo siblings can have the copies.

------------------------------------------------------------

Author's Note:

Whatever you do, don't think about how Cesare Frollo never got to celebrate any of his seventeen years worth of birthdays. 

Don't think about how Cesare died not knowing that Hunter had thrown him a surprise party after trying to help a woman in the market but did die knowing that his siblings’ shield from their father (him) was gone. 

Don't think about how Cesare died knowing that he was dying because of his father's actions and how he maybe even knew it was his brother’s grandmother killing him. 

Don't think about how long Hunter de Vil must have waited for Cesare to show up before he found out why he wasn't coming. Don't think about how numb Hunter went when he found out that his friend was dead because he was on the way to the party Hunter threw for him. 

Don't think about Hunter de Vil's grief and guilt over the incident or how lonely he must feel after losing one of the few people who can truly understand what he's been through.

Don't think of how Cesare spent his entire life conflicted; trying to be both a good brother and a good son and a good sin-less boy.

And whatever you do, definitely don't think about how Hunter probably carefully picked through the photos he had of Cesare to find the ones where he looked most like a child and least like Frollo so that nobody could look at the photos and blame Cesare for what happened. All for the Badun Detective Agency’s files and all so people could see Cesare how Hunter himself and their few friends had. 

Or how Cesare never got out from under his father's thumb, and because of that, some people will always think that he was just like his father.

(The very thought that caused someone to kill him).

------------------------------------------------------------

Cornel Frollo (Getting To Know The Dead):

Name Of The Dead: Cornel Thomas Howard Sebastian Frollo (Formerly Gaskit). 

Age Of The Dead: 17 years old. 

Father: Judge Claude Frollo.

Mother: Luciana Gaskit.

Sibling(s):  

Quasimodo (Older Adoptive Brother),

Cesare Frollo (Older Half Brother),

Cyriacus Frollo (Younger Half Brother),

Claudine Frollo (Younger Half Sister),

And Magnolia ‘Gigi’ Gothel (Younger Half Sister).

Favorite Food: Szaloncukor. 

Favorite Color: Purple.

Favorite Toy/Object: A handmade doll that he made to resemble his mother, his mother's cross necklace, and the last photo he, his mother, and grandmother ever took together.

Dream Job/Job Had: Shop Owner (on the isle) or space explorer (off the isle). 

Hobbies: Sewing, embroidery, sneaking out, playing games with his siblings, stargazing, researching space, researching different cultures, learning different languages, learning about different cultures, basket weaving, juggling and knife throwing (learned from a couple of visits from Bing’s Circus), arts and crafts, baking, listening to music, crocheting, knitting, rock climbing, dancing, scrapbooking, creating space related models, astronomy, and dnd. 

Pet(s): None. 

Cause Of Death: Flogged to death by Judge Frollo for ‘refusing to repent’. 

Signature Of Person Who Filled Out The Report:

Detective Edmund ‘Eddie’ Balthazar. 

------------------------------------------------------------

Cornel Frollo (Death Report):

Name Of Detective: Reza Vizer of Agrabah.

Age Of Detective: 6 years old. 

Date Of Report: April 19th, Year 13. 

Name Of The Deceased: Cornel Thomas Howard Sebastian Frollo (Formerly Gaskit). 

Age Of The Deceased: 17 years old. 

File Number: 0240. 

Report: The Deceased (17, Male. Child of Judge Claude Frollo and Luciana Gaskit) died from a mix of blood loss, heatstroke, and bluntforce trauma while being flogged by his father, Judge Claude Frollo, for refusing to repent for his perceived sins. 

The Deceased reportedly had gotten into an altercation with the judge that ended up with him being dragged out of the Frollo's Flat and down the stairs of Frollo’s Creperie on April 18th, Year 13. From there a large amount of witnesses saw the Judge flogging the Deceased and getting more and more irate as the Deceased began to pray in what was reported to be his native tongue. 

A few of the witnesses tried to intervene but were intercepted by other onlookers (who were likely trying to stop them for their own safety due to the Judge being known to get violent with those who intervene in the ‘Lord’s work��� (read as: his own work) and Frollo's men. 

The incident has been recorded to have lasted at least an hour. 

His next of kin was informed shortly after, likely by Frollo himself. 

It is being looked into at the moment as to what the Judge did with the body and whether it can be retrieved and given a proper rest with Claudine Frollo, Cyriacus Frollo, and Gigi Gothel's permission. 

Reza signing out. 

------------------------------------------------------------

Note: The pictures were dropped off by an unknown party on the front door of the Badun Detective Agency's HQ.

------------------------------------------------------------

Cyriacus Frollo (Getting To Know The Dead):

Name Of The Dead: Cyriacus Ignatius Vladimir Frollo.

Age Of The Dead: 15 years old.

Father: Judge Claude Frollo.

Mother: Cassandra of Troy. 

Sibling(s):  

Quasimodo (Older Adoptive Brother),

Cesare Frollo (Older Half Brother),

Cornel Frollo (Older Half Brother),

Claudine Frollo (Younger Half Sister),

And Magnolia ‘Gigi’ Gothel (Younger Half Sister).

Favorite Food: Souvlaki. 

Favorite Color: Red. 

Favorite Toy/Object: His cane (because Cornel made it for him and he can hit people, like his father, with it) and an apollo voodoo doll Cornel helped him make. 

Dream Job/Job Had: Actor. 

Hobbies: Playing games with his siblings, pulling pranks, drawing/painting, playing with animals, playing with animals, eavesdropping, listening to music, acting, listening to stories and reading, arts and crafts, listening to soap operas, fishing, frog catching, etc.

Pet(s): A blind frog named ‘Damnation’. 

Cause Of Death: Attempted murder–suicide via jumping from the bell tower with Claudine Frollo.

Signature Of Person Who Filled Out The Report:

Detective Harold ‘Harry’ Badun. 

------------------------------------------------------------

Cyriacus Frollo (Death Report):

Cyriacus Frollo (Death Report):

Name Of Detective: Jason ‘Jace’ Badun. 

Age Of Detective: 8 years old. 

Date Of Report: April 23rd, Year 13. 

Name Of The Deceased: Cyriacus Ignatius Vladimir Frollo.

Age Of The Deceased: 15 years old. 

File Number: 0243. 

Report: The Deceased (15, Male. Child of Judge Claude Frollo and Cassandra of Troy) died on impact upon jumping from the top of the bell tower. 

The main witness, the Deceased’s sister— Claudine Frollo (ten years old at the time)—, accounted that in the week following their older brother, Cornel Frollo’s death, the Deceased had been acting erratic. Muttering about visions and how it wasn't fair, and about how something had to be done. 

Then, on the night of April 23rd, Year 13, the Deceased reportedly woke up Claudine Frollo and helped her slip on her coat and shoes, and helping her collect her stuffed lamb, her baby blanket, and all eight of her pet mice and rats before sneaking them out of Frollo's flat, down the steps of Frollo's Creperie, and to the bell tower. Where he proceeded to try and jump from the tower with her like Claudine Frollo's mother, Delilah, had done several years prior. 

Claudine Frollo managed to loose from her brother’s hold and escape but wasn't able to prevent the Deceased from jumping and by the time she made it to the ground floor, it was too late for anything to be done to help him. 

There is no next of kin to be informed and the body will be retrieved from wherever Frollo chucks it and given a greek burial with the help of Hades. 

Jace signing out.

------------------------------------------------------------

(In universe) Note: the photo is quite a few years outdated but it's one of the only ones that can be found and the agency isn't willing to ask the family for a more updated photo as we know there are few.

[mariacallous]

"This isn’t a political rally," said Lance Wallnau from a convention hall stage in Monroeville, outside of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. "It’s much different than a revival meeting, it’s kind of a new type of thing. It’s where the people of God, the citizens of heaven, bring heaven to earth."

Wallnau, a former oil industry marketer turned charismatic Christian author and media figure, was there recently on the sixth stop of his swing state Courage Tour. The tour’s goal is to bolster the courage of attendees' to speak their minds politically and recruit them to serve as local election workers and poll watchers.

Over the course of two days, audience members would pray, sway with their hands in the air to swelling worship music, take in lessons on American history, politics and the Bible, and be visited by vice presidential candidate and U.S. Senator JD Vance. Wallnau, along with his wife Annabelle, are just two of several right-wing Christian leaders hosting these revival-style events at which Trump is seen as God’s anointed candidate, according to Matthew Taylor, a senior scholar at the Institute for Islamic, Christian and Jewish Studies.

"They understand this as a literal spiritual battle between angels and demons. The angels are trying to enact the will of God, which they believe is to see Donald Trump given a second term," said Taylor, who has done extensive research on Christians who were part of the Jan. 6, 2021 riot at the U.S. Capitol to disrupt the certification of the 2020 election for Joe Biden.

'Demonic ideas'

On January 6, Wallnau was scheduled to speak at a prayer rally in Washington DC. But before he made it to a microphone, Trump supporters had already broken into the Capitol. So Wallnau went back to his hotel room to stream live on a Christian talk show. Right away, he and his co-hosts made baseless claims that the FBI had bussed in members of antifa to sow violence among the otherwise peaceful crowd.

"They're actually the activists that are working for the Democratic Party that were there in order to create the incident with violence that would smear the president," Wallnau said. "It was the devil’s people at this thing."

"I have been through the social media accounts of many, many of the Christians who were there on January 6th," said Taylor, "and you can find them posting Lance Wallnau videos and Lance Wallnau commentary." He added that one criminal defendant even cited Wallnau’s show as his reason for attending what he believed was a permitted rally.

In his new book, The Violent Take It By Force, Taylor describes Wallnau as "Trump’s most influential spiritual propagandist." He says when many Christian and evangelical leaders had been reluctant to back the brash, twice-divorced, reality TV billionaire’s 2016 presidential run, Wallnau gained a following popularizing biblical rationales for supporting then candidate Trump. God, Wallnau proclaimed, had anointed Trump, imperfect as he was, to lead the country.

Wallnau is well-known in evangelical circles for having popularized a Christian concept called the "Seven Mountains," which calls on the faithful to take dominion over all areas of culture. In person, however, the media-savvy Wallnau can be challenging to pin down ideologically. He’s previously identified as a "Christian Nationalist," but told NPR the term is a label "to create anxiety and misrepresentation." Wallnau also called Taylor’s scholarship "the fantasy narrative of this one guy obsessed with Christian nationalism."

"Nobody’s a demon, but they can be under the influence of demonic ideas," Wallnau said in an interview. "I regret when it sounds like I'm making people evil because I'm in the business of redemption." He still questions the 2020 election results and to this day refers to the events of January 6th as "election fraud intervention."

'A Trojan Horse'

On the Courage Tour, Wallnau and his fellow speakers laid out an updated approach for the coming election.

"Are you guys ready to show the world that Christians will be silent no more?" Joshua Standifer asked from the stage. His nonprofit, Lion of Judah, is helping recruit the folks in the audience to become election workers.

"We all remember 2020 when they bought up the windows, when they closed the doors, when they kicked all the volunteers out. You can be on the inside and be one of the ones making a difference and making sure that nothing nefarious happens," said Standifer, invoking debunked, but still popular, narratives of election fraud.

Standifer also wants these poll workers to send anything they see that could be evidence of fraud. He’s been calling the effort "a Trojan horse," which alarms some observers. He told NPR he didn’t mean the metaphor to extend to the part where the Greeks decimate the city of Troy.

"Do I regret it? I don't know, because it's brought a lot of coverage to us, you know, for better or for worse," said Standifer.

Trust in elections

Even when everyone is working with the purest of motivations, no election runs perfectly, according to Mollie Cohen, who teaches political science at Perdue University.

"But if you are constantly under scrutiny by folks who are looking to catch you in a mistake, certainly, there are mistakes to be found," she said.

The truth, she says, is that most mistakes are caught and addressed very quickly. And since 2020, many election officials have put an even greater focus on transparency.

Mollie also says there’s lots of research showing that working the polls increases peoples’ confidence in elections.

"Something happens when people engage in election administration. It is very boring. It's quite tedious. And you really see everybody in your polling place," she said.

That’s been true for Dina Macey. She drove in before 5am to wait in her car and make sure she could get in to see JD Vance on the second day of the Courage Tour.

"It's the white Subaru, that's all Trumped out. It's got the Trump flags all over it and the bumper stickers, you know, magnets," said Macey.

She’s been an election worker before and was a poll watcher in 2020.

"And I did catch a couple people. Like a kid just walked in, didn't sign in or check in, and he was going to enter that. And I was like, 'whoa, you can't do that, you know?' So I bring it to [election workers’] attention," said Macey.

Macey is clear she hasn’t been pleased with everything about the elections she’s worked, but ultimately, the process she saw felt secure. That trust, though, doesn’t extend to the rest of her state, or the country.

Traveling shows like Wallnau’s Courage Tour are likely to reinforce suspicions like those.

Fears about the post-election period

"We don't trust the government on vaccines now. We don't trust them on laptops. We don't trust them on elections. And that's not a good place for a country," Wallnau told the audience on day two of the Pennsylvania stop.

This election cycle, the Trump campaign has focused heavily on legal challenges to voting rules. They’ve also geared up to dispute election results in the courts. That’s a big part of why Matthew Taylor is concerned about Wallnau and others like him.

"Part of what happened in 2020 was, there was no evidence of election fraud," said Taylor. "The Courage Tour is one component of this multi-pronged effort to stage the aftermath of this election as a season of contestation, that the results of the election are not the results of the election."

A contentious election will also help sustain right-wing and religious media circuits Wallnau is part of.

"By the time that the 2020 election happened, there were hundreds of charismatic prophets who were all prophesying that Donald Trump was God's chosen candidate and was destined to win the election," said Taylor.

When Trump lost, Taylor says those leaders pivoted to support the false narrative that the election was stolen, through more prophecies about demonic plots and divine motivation to fight back. Taylor believes those narratives posed a serious threat to democracy then, and he says it’s not looking much different this year.