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brookstonalmanac · 2 months ago

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Events 12.1 (after 1950)

1952 – The New York Daily News reports the news of Christine Jorgensen, the first notable case of sex reassignment surgery. 1955 – American Civil Rights Movement: In Montgomery, Alabama, seamstress Rosa Parks refuses to give up her bus seat to a white man and is arrested for violating the city's racial segregation laws, an incident which leads to that city's bus boycott. 1958 – The Central African Republic attains self-rule within the French Union. 1958 – The Our Lady of the Angels School fire in Chicago kills 92 children and three nuns. 1959 – Cold War: Opening date for signature of the Antarctic Treaty, which sets aside Antarctica as a scientific preserve and bans military activity on the continent. 1960 – Patrice Lumumba is arrested by Mobutu Sese Seko's men on the banks of the Sankuru River, for inciting the army to rebellion. 1963 – Nagaland, became the 16th state of India. 1964 – Vietnam War: U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson and his top-ranking advisers meet to discuss plans to bomb North Vietnam. 1969 – Vietnam War: The first draft lottery in the United States is held since World War II. 1971 – Cambodian Civil War: Khmer Rouge rebels intensify assaults on Cambodian government positions, forcing their retreat from Kompong Thmar and nearby Ba Ray. 1971 – Purge of Croatian Spring leaders starts in Yugoslavia at the meeting of the League of Communists at the Karađorđevo estate. 1973 – Papua New Guinea gains self-government from Australia. 1974 – TWA Flight 514, a Boeing 727, crashes northwest of Dulles International Airport, killing all 92 people on board. 1974 – Northwest Orient Airlines Flight 6231, another Boeing 727, crashes northwest of John F. Kennedy International Airport. 1981 – Inex-Adria Aviopromet Flight 1308, a McDonnell Douglas MD-80, crashes in Corsica, killing all 180 people on board. 1984 – NASA conducts the Controlled Impact Demonstration, wherein an airliner is deliberately crashed in order to test technologies and gather data to help improve survivability of crashes. 1988 – World AIDS Day is proclaimed worldwide by the UN member states. 1988 – Benazir Bhutto, is named as the Prime Minister of Pakistan, becoming the first female leader to lead a Muslim nation. 1989 – Philippine coup attempt: The right-wing military rebel Reform the Armed Forces Movement attempts to oust Philippine President Corazon Aquino in a failed bloody coup d'état. 1989 – Cold War: East Germany's parliament abolishes the constitutional provision granting the Communist Party the leading role in the state. 1990 – Channel Tunnel sections started from the United Kingdom and France meet beneath the seabed. 1991 – Cold War: Ukrainian voters overwhelmingly approve a referendum for independence from the Soviet Union. 1997 – In the Indian state of Bihar, Ranvir Sena attacks the CPI (ML) Party Unity stronghold Lakshmanpur-Bathe, killing 63 lower caste people. 1997 – Fourteen year-old Michael Carneal opens fire at a group of students in Heath High School in West Paducah, Kentucky, killing three and injuring five. 2000 – Vicente Fox Quesada is inaugurated as the president of Mexico, marking the first peaceful transfer of executive federal power to an opposing political party following a free and democratic election in Mexico's history. 2001 – The United Russia political party was founded. 2005 – As a result of the merger of the Perm Oblast and the Komi-Permyak Autonomous Okrug, a new subject of the Russian Federation, the Perm Krai, was created. 2006 – The law on same-sex marriage comes into force in South Africa, legalizing same-sex marriage for the first time on the African continent. 2009 – The Treaty of Lisbon entered into force in the European Union. 2011 – The Alma-Ata Metro was opened. 2018 – The Oulu Police informed the public about the first offence of the much larger child sexual exploitation in Oulu, Finland. 2019 – The outbreak of coronavirus infection began in Wuhan.

#Events

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news365timesindia · 2 months ago

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[ad_1] GG News Bureau Patna, 28th Nov. A loud protest unfolded outside the Bihar Assembly on Thursday as opposition members from the RJD, Congress, and three Left parties demanded the withdrawal of pre-paid electricity meters, arguing that the system causes significant inconvenience to the public. The opposition leaders gathered in front of the assembly portico, holding placards and raising slogans. Some placards featured a picture of Chief Minister Nitish Kumar with slogans such as “It is not a smart meter but a smart cheater.” Others pointed to common complaints, including inflated billing and disconnections without prior warning. The protest continued until the assembly bell rang, signaling the start of the day’s proceedings. As the demonstration dispersed, the MLAs vowed to persist with their protest, claiming that the introduction of smart meters had led to growing unpopularity for the state government and would likely result in its defeat in the upcoming assembly elections. However, the ruling NDA defended the use of pre-paid meters, calling them more efficient and a necessary measure to combat power theft. They further argued that opposition parties lacked the moral standing to criticize the policy, pointing out that when in power, they had failed to ensure a stable electricity supply to rural areas. The political standoff is expected to continue, with both sides asserting their positions ahead of the crucial elections. The post Opposition Protests Outside Bihar Assembly Over Pre-Paid Electricity Meters appeared first on Global Governance News- Asia's First Bilingual News portal for Global News and Updates. [ad_2] Source link

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news365times · 2 months ago

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inreportsnewsofficial · 8 months ago

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Cracks in Bihar NDA? Here's what a former BJP MP had to say about Deputy CM Samrat Choudhary.

Reports of internal conflict in the decision National Democratic Alliance (NDA) surfaced days after the results of the Lok Sabha Elections 2024 in Bihar were announced, after which the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led coalition government at the Centre. The BJP won 12 of the 17 Lok Sabha seats it contested in Bihar. The Janata Dal (United), led by Chief Minister Nitish Kumar, won 12 of the 16…

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optionperks · 8 months ago

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FMCG stocks: Steady monsoon, social welfare thrust likely to aid growth, says Anand Rathi; lists top picks

Following the election verdict, most FMCG shares have seen a jump of up to 10%, attributed to their defensive characteristics and the optimism surrounding improved prospects. A convergence of favorable factors—such as the monsoon-driven rural resurgence, heightened focus on social welfare post election, and margin buoyancy propelled by crude prices—bode well for the sector, says domestic brokerage firm Anand Rathi in its latest note. The brokerage noted that the results of the 2024 general election, particularly the loss of seats in key states like UP and Maharashtra, could prompt the Union government to intensify its focus on social welfare.

With upcoming state elections in Maharashtra and Bihar in 2024 and the Budget likely scheduled for July, the brokerage anticipates increased allocation for social welfare schemes, which would boost rural income. Early monsoon arrival promises bumper harvest season The India Meteorological Department (IMD) forecasts above-average monsoon rains at 106% of the long-term average this year. The monsoon arrived early in Kerala on May 30th, compared to the usual June 1st, and has already covered much of South India. A consistent monsoon is expected to result in healthy kharif crops, leading to better farm income and a modest rise in food prices for consumers, said the brokerage. Fall in crude prices to aid gross margin Crude oil prices have decreased by 10% over the past 7–10 days. Crude oil and its derivatives are essential inputs for various FMCG products and their packaging, with packaging costs constituting 5-20% of many companies’ input costs. Valuations Given these multiple tailwinds, the brokerage has maintained its 'buy' rating on three FMCG stocks: Hindustan Unilever (HUL) with a target price of ₹3,000, Emami with a target price of ₹730, and Zydus Wellness with a target price of ₹2,150.

TO GET MORE UPDATES IN STOCK NEWS, MARKET TRENDS FOLLOW OPTIONPERKS AND ENJOY ITS BEST FEATURE OPTION STRATEGY BUILDER

#optionstrategybuilder #optionperks #investing stocks #stock trading #stock market

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tushar1951 · 8 months ago

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Day 239

18, mohit vihar Wednesday 5 june 2024 10:36Pm

Namaskar

I am back on Tumblr.

After 2 years ,I am joining again. Gosh!

Election results came out yesterday. Results are in favor of BJP. This time narendra modi will lead the government for the 3rd consecutive term.

This time the battle was between the NDA alliance and INDIA bloc.

India that is bharat is union of state as mentioned in the article 1 of the Indian constitution. The constitution provides for the parliamentary form of government which is federal in nature with certain features of unitary.

Parliamentary form of government means people's government. Where the people as citizen will choose their representative for safeguarding the unity,integrity, equality, faternity ,justice and liberty, rights of them.

India is a land of diversity where people from different races, culture, language, caste, lives under the same umbrella. Their heterogeneous nature and culture has been binded with a common thread by constitution.

The drafting committee that made our constitution has taken the diverse nature of people into consideration for the unification of india as one.

Regionalism is always been a hot topics in politics. States has been divided into many on the basis of regionalism. Telgana from andrapradesh, Uttarakhand from uttar pradesh, bihar from Chattisgarh are the best example.

For eg. In Uttarakhand, Natives says - Uttarakhand is for pahari people. It includes garhwali, kumaoni jaunsari. Rest of the caste are outside. Anyways politics at its best.

As the elections were held india. The momentum was turn out in favor of BJP. The BJP political move was more focused on religion, free ration, article 370 etc. Whereas congress focused on criticising the BJP moves.

I am certain to say that - We are still in very backward position in the world. As government says that India is shining but in reality it is not shinned. It will take more 20 years to get a shine in it's overall structure. We have not achieved the MDG 2015. There is one more global target SDG 2030. Will india be able to achieve by 2030. It seems impossible. India is a very huge state. State means country.

To be continued tomorrow....

India that is bharat is a union of states. It is not a confederation and federation of state but it is union of states.

Tushar gupta

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5thpillar1 · 2 months ago

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Your Trusted Source for Hindi Politics News - 5th Pillar

Understanding politics is crucial, and 5th Pillar ensures you have access to the latest politics news in Hindi with ease. From detailed reports on government schemes to election campaigns and political controversies, our platform covers all aspects of Indian politics. Our content is designed to educate and inform, making it accessible for everyone, including students, working professionals, and political enthusiasts. Stay updated with us and gain insights into how political decisions affect your life and community.

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werindialive · 10 months ago

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“Our devotion was questioned when an outsider was given a ticket” LJP leader Renu Kushwaha after resigning from the party

The Lok Janshakti Party saw an upside-down day on Wednesday when 22 of its party leaders submitted their resignations one after another. They also expressed anger about not getting tickets for Lok Sabha Elections 2024.

These 22 party leaders also included several notable figures such as former minister Renu Kushwaha, former MLA and national general secretary of LJP, Satish Kumar, state organization minister Ravindra Singh, Ajay Kushwaha, Sanjay Singh, and State General Secretary Rajesh Dangi.

It was said that the resignation wave was not to end quickly and resulted from the distribution of tickets against money.

"Tickets should be given to the party workers instead of people from outside. Tickets were given to the outsiders which means that able people are not there in your party. Are we the labor class people in your party who will work for you, and make you a leader? Our devotion was questioned when an outsider was given a ticket. We are not here to serve as laborers for the party." Said Renu Kushwaha while resigning from the party.

Former MLA and national general secretary of LJP Satish Kumar angered over the disparity in the party said that all the leaders submitting their resignations will now support the INDIA Bloc. "When such important elections are in the country, the LJP Supremo has given tickets to such people that the party workers are stunned. The people who used to raise slogans 'Hail Chirag Paswan', day and night and hoped for a 'new Bihar' have been betrayed, and their aspirations were crushed. Now, to save the country, INDI alliance has to be supported. Now we will support the INDI alliance.”

For more political news India in Hindi, subscribe to our newsletter.

#werindia #leading india news source #top news stories #top news headlines #national news #latest national news #top news of the day #indian politics #latest politics news #political news

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5thpillar2 · 3 months ago

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In-Depth Election Coverage in Hindi for Engaged Citizens

5th Pillar is dedicated to empowering voters with factual and comprehensive election news Hindi readers appreciate. Our coverage spans the entire election journey—from candidate announcements and campaign developments to voter turnout and result analysis. With a focus on clear, unbiased reporting, we aim to create an informed readership ready to engage in meaningful discussions about the future of our nation. By highlighting key issues, policies, and candidate promises, we make it easier for you to stay up-to-date on the latest political shifts. Count on 5th Pillar to keep you informed with relevant, real-time election updates tailored to Hindi-speaking audiences.

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xtruss · 2 years ago

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Ravish Kumar, centre, with World’s Most Wanted Criminal Fascist Hindu Extremist Narendra Modi, left, and a BJP rally in Kolkata, right. Photograph: Observer Design

Media: ‘Resistance Is Possible’: Ravish Kumar, The Broadcaster Risking His Life To Tell The Truth About Extremist Hindus’ Fascist India (The Largest Hypocrisy of the World) Today

The eminent journalist’s fearless reporting on India under Narendra Modi cost him his job and freedom. Now broadcasting to millions on YouTube, he is the subject of a new documentary

— BY Tim Adams | Sunday 02 July 2023 | The Guardian USA

Ravish Kumar was born near the same Indian city – Motihari in Bihar – as George Orwell. In his early years as a TV journalist and nightly news anchor, Kumar did not imagine that he would live to be part of a modern-day Nineteen Eighty-Four nightmare. But that changed almost a decade ago with the election of Narendra Modi’s government in India. In the years since then, Kumar has become an increasingly lone voice of truth-telling in an Indian media landscape in thrall to the Hindu nationalist politics of Modi’s Bharatiya Janata party (BJP). Kumar’s one-man campaign to maintain journalistic integrity, as mainstream news organisations became promoters of politicised fake news, earned him the “Nobel prize of Asia,” the Ramon Magsaysay award, in 2019. It also led to an unending campaign of harassment and death threats from government supporters.

Kumar, the Indian equivalent of, say, Jeremy Paxman in his prime, finally resigned from his post at NDTV in New Delhi last November, after the station was taken over by Indian billionaire Gautam Adani, a close friend of Modi. He now lives in virtual hiding with his family and broadcasts through a personal YouTube channel. His story, one of repression in modern India and of the existential crisis in truth-telling worldwide, is the subject of an urgently compelling documentary, While We Watched.

Ravish Kumar in While We Watched. Photograph: Ⓒ Britdoc Films

The director of that documentary, Vinay Shukla, tells me he knew he had to make his film when he turned on to watch Kumar’s news show back in 2018: Kumar interrupted the bulletin to berate his own viewers, telling them they had to start questioning the lies they were being fed, had to stop watching TV and look for information from other more reliable sources. “Most news presenters are always praising their audience, saying: ‘We are here to serve you’ and so on,” Shukla says. “Ravish, on the contrary, was chastising his audience, saying: ‘You’re the problem.’ I could see that here was an unusual protagonist – this huge figure in the [Indian] media – who has begun to wonder if the society for whom he is doing this work even cares for him any more.”

For the next two years, Shukla, who had previously made an award-winning documentary about the creation and struggle of an Indian opposition party, An Insignificant Man, essentially moved in with Kumar, filming him five days a week over that period. The result is an intimate portrait of a man struggling to preserve his conscience and freedom in the face of overwhelming hostility and political and commercial cynicism; a man trying, in Orwell’s terms, at 9pm every night, to tell the nation that two plus two actually equals four.

When I speak to Ravish Kumar himself on a long Zoom call, he describes himself now being “in exile” in his own country. He assumes our call is being monitored by his tormentors; before he joined it, he received the usual anonymous texts saying: “We will see you.” Once he left NDTV in November, he became “persona non grata” in Indian media, he says. He continues to try to get at the truth in the world’s largest democracy, researching and writing “about 8,000 words a day” for his YouTube broadcasts.

I wonder, looking back, when he first felt that things were falling apart? “It was June or July 2014,” he says. “I sensed that a kind of avalanche was coming in Indian media. At that time, many of my colleagues would say: ‘Well, power comes and power goes.’ And: ‘We have enough experience, Ravish, we have seen many leaders.’ But my gut was saying: ‘No, this is not something that has happened before. Something new is coming.’ In a very short span of time, the structures of newsrooms were demolished completely. That was not done step by step. It was done in one go.”

Shukla’s film contrasts Kumar’s meticulous efforts at reporting sectarian violence, or the desperate conditions in rural villages, with the shouty populist news channel Republic, which quickly became the Fox News of Indian media after Modi was elected prime minister. Republic’s excitable presenters are seen to fuel division and mistrust of the Country’s Minority (200 million) Muslim Population, to Routinely Call Political Opponents of the BJP Traitors, to promote Warmongering Against Pakistan and to neglect to report on the complex issues faced by ordinary Indians. In its manufactured culture wars and unhinged sloganeering, it is, you sense, the channel GB News aspires to be.

Now 51, Kumar, a history graduate, had by 2014 been at NDTV for 15 years, having risen from the mail room to become its most trusted and recognisable face. For a long time, the station supported his mission to call out what was happening elsewhere in the media. “NDTV started running a campaign that said: ‘We do not profit from hate,’” he says. “The owners were trying to save their core values. But in that process, everything became very tough. It was very tedious to always defend themselves.” Within the station, Kumar occasionally came under pressure to moderate his tone. “But if I said no to an editor,” he says, “they took it at once that this is my final word.”

The aftermath of sectarian clashes in Delhi in February 2020 between Hindus and Muslims protesting a contentious new citizenship law. Photograph: Rajesh Kumar Singh/AP

Did it come as a shock to him how shallow the ethical foundations of much of the media proved to be? “I wasn’t shocked,” he says, “but I was very pained and deeply hurt that no one stood up to stop this. A lot of [journalists] started making adjustments and those adjustments led them into that room with no windows, only the voice of command, saying: ‘You have to do this.’ And that is what they did.”

The film records something of the inside story of that playbook of fake news that we have all witnessed happening in plain sight: the undermining of properly sourced information across social media, the seeding of conspiracy theories, the targeting of individual journalists and organisations. There were, and remain, pockets of resistance to this pressure, Kumar insists: “But the force of avalanche was such that nobody was untouched in their newsroom, whether he was a senior reporter or whether he was an intern.”

“I’m a very fearful person. I wasn’t ready to handle that mental trauma. It destroyed me.”

Kumar’s eventual resignation is referenced in the recent scathing Index on Censorship report into the escalating repression by Modi’s populist government. “It has the structures of democracy but it has weakened democracy’s functions… it has a media which is eager to demonstrate how nationalistic and patriotic it is in order to curry favour with the ruling party.”

That determination is fuelled in part by fear. Seven journalists are now in prison in India and many more have been subject to targeted harassment; eight journalists at the Wire website were charged with sedition in 2021 for reporting that the family of a protester, killed at an anti-government rally, believed he was shot by police. Other news organisations have been subject to blackouts, while some have been raided by police, including the BBC offices in Delhi and Mumbai, which appear to have been singled out after the corporation produced a two-part investigation into Modi’s alleged history in sectarian violence. India – the world’s most populous nation – has been consequently sliding down the UN’s human rights tables; among the top 10 nations that jails writers and journalists, it is the only “Nominally Democratic” one, according to PEN, the international charity that supports freedom of expression.

A threat received by Ravish Kumar, as shown in While We Watched. Photograph: Britdoc Films

Shukla’s film examines the effect that the wider climate had on Kumar’s mental health. “I’m a very fearful person,” he insists, in the face of plenty of evidence to the contrary. “I had this strong feeling that I should not do anything immoral, but I wasn’t ready to handle that mental process. It destroyed me. When they launched [the continuous] attacks on me on social media, I could not handle it. I was very terrified, petrified. NDTV understood I needed security – but I also needed counselling. I stopped sleeping. I was awake all the time assessing the threat to my life and my family.”

In addition to the constant wave of texts and calls from people promising to cut his throat, Kumar was pushed around in the street while working. On one occasion he was chased down the road by men with clubs and iron bars, only just making it to his car. The family – his wife is an academic and they have two teenage daughters – stopped going out together; on the rare occasions they did, he would walk on the other side of the street so they would not all be subjected to any attack.

“If TV news is designed to desensitise you, I wanted to use the same form and sensitise people.” — Vinay Shukla, director

Watching all that again on Shukla’s film, he says, was almost too much for him to bear. “The first time, I had to shut my eyes because I could not see myself again, going through that process. My daughters haven’t watched it yet,” he says, “My wife saw it and she was very saddened too, but she’s a rational person. She said that people who watched the film would be able to see the story of any journalist, not just me.” He smiles a little ruefully. “The other thing I was surprised and amused about,” he says, “was that I finally saw what Vinay had been doing filming me for so many months and years. I used to tell him every day that my life was not exciting: who wants to watch a man get up from the bed and go to work?”

Director Vinay Shukla.

The director trusts that his story has a wider reference than that. “I think of the film,” Shukla says, “as my love letter to journalism, so that people understand, really, the price that proper journalists have to pay to be able to do their job. We are living in a time of disinformation. The dehumanisation of journalists is [part of that].”

Shukla is just about of the generation who came of age with social media. “I used to watch the news,” he says. “But it used to make me anxious all the time.” Much of that anxiety, he suggests, is built-in with the attention deficit structure of television news channels, which jump quickly between crisis and disaster and outrage. He has used the fast-cut techniques for his own film – but in order to dwell thoughtfully on a single life. “There are lots of quick cuts [in While We Watched] but I was hoping to have the opposite impact. If TV news is designed to desensitise you, I wanted to use the same form and sensitise people, to do the complete opposite.”

He sees an increasing desire for that kind of slowness and depth of inquiry among an emerging generation of Indian documentary-makers, who are using the form as a counterpoint to the noisy chatter of the mainstream media; presenting proper complexity as a political act. Kumar recognises that opportunity and is encouraged to be exhibit A in it.

“I hope that whoever watches this film will see that resistance is possible,” he says. In the film, he insists that even if one person witnesses the truth, then the political and sectarian lies cannot prevail. “I have a very deep sense of gratitude to the community of viewers who support me,” he says. “They offered me anything, from a car, to a house, to money, to food. We do not know how many journalists have sacrificed their lives around the world to save this profession. I hope this film brings a ray of hope that it is not easy to kill journalism.”

The film is released in the UK and the US this month. Shukla is working hard to get it shown in India, lobbying cinemas and streaming platforms, referencing the documentary awards it has won at the Toronto international film festival and elsewhere. Still, as Kumar says, the culture of fear is such that: “I can’t imagine that anyone is saying: ‘Bring your film, I will put your big poster for it on the front of my cinema hall.’” Even so, he suggests, he is confident that the film will be seen: “Lots and lots of people have been asking me how they will be able to see this film in India. Everyone should watch this film. Mr Modi should watch this film.”

A video on Kumar’s YouTube channel, which has more than 6m subscribers. Photograph: Ravish Kumar / Youtube

Kumar is not hopeful that fundamental changes in the news media in India – equivalent to the dismantling of the BBC – can be reversed. The vested interests, including at his old channel NDTV, are now too great. The politically favoured billionaires have taken over.

There’s a point in the film where he suggests that “people don’t question what they see on TV”. Given some of the extremes of what they now see, does he imagine that they may start to question that more? “To destroy Indian democracy,” Kumar says, “Indian media destroyed itself first. And it’s now very difficult to change this, even if there is a regime change. The news anchors who are spreading hate lies will not go away overnight. This media will never return for democracy. That’s gone.”

He does believe, however, that politics may find a way to bypass those structures. “The problem with social media,” he says, “is that it is rarely getting first-hand information. In India – and elsewhere – we have seen that social media can run in parallel and [amplify] compromised mainstream media. For this reason, the political opposition in India is going for a lot of mass contact. Rahul Gandhi [the former president of the Indian National Congress party], for example, is constantly on the road. Rallies, meetings, travelling by bus, by car, on foot. I cannot give a deadline that next year’s election, 2024, will mark the sunrise of new democracy. But I can see that the force of those who believe in democracy is multiplying at a fast rate.”

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How, I wonder, before he finishes our call, is that colonial son Orwell viewed these days in his home town? “There is a museum to him,” Kumar says. “But most people are not very aware. It’s funny, over the years, I started talking about Nineteen Eighty-Four in my various programmes. Recently, the book has been translated into Hindi, along with Animal Farm. When [Donald] Trump was elected in the United States, I remember that Nineteen Eighty-Four suddenly became a very popular book to read and to buy.”

Perhaps, he suggests, that appetite will also be awakened in India. If so, the film of his life makes the perfect primer.

— “While We Watched” is in UK Cinemas from 14 July

#Youtube #Media #Extremist Hindus’ Fascist & Terrorist India #Documentary Films #Journalist Safety #South & Central Asia

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brookstonalmanac · 3 months ago

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Events 11.15 (after 1970)

1971 – Intel releases the world's first commercial single-chip microprocessor, the 4004. 1976 – René Lévesque and the Parti Québécois take power to become the first Quebec government of the 20th century clearly in favor of independence. 1978 – A chartered Douglas DC-8 crashes near Colombo, Sri Lanka, killing 183. 1979 – A package from Unabomber Ted Kaczynski begins smoking in the cargo hold of a flight from Chicago to Washington, D.C., forcing the plane to make an emergency landing. 1983 – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus declares independence; it is only recognized by Turkey. 1985 – A research assistant is injured when a package from the Unabomber addressed to a University of Michigan professor explodes. 1985 – The Anglo-Irish Agreement is signed at Hillsborough Castle by British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher and Irish Taoiseach Garret FitzGerald. 1987 – In Brașov, Romania, workers rebel against the communist regime of Nicolae Ceaușescu. 1987 – Continental Airlines Flight 1713 crashes during takeoff from Stapleton International Airport in Denver, Colorado, killing 25. 1988 – In the Soviet Union, the uncrewed Shuttle Buran makes its only space flight. 1988 – Israeli–Palestinian conflict: An independent State of Palestine is proclaimed by the Palestinian National Council. 1988 – The first Fairtrade label, Max Havelaar, is launched in the Netherlands. 1990 – The Communist People's Republic of Bulgaria is disestablished and a new republican government is instituted. 1990 – Space Shuttle Atlantis is launched on STS-38, a classified mission for the Department of Defense. 1994 – A magnitude 7.1 earthquake hits the central Philippine island of Mindoro, killing 78 people, injuring 430 and triggering a tsunami up to 8.5 m (28 ft) high. 2000 – A chartered Antonov An-24 crashes after takeoff from Luanda, Angola, killing more than 40 people. 2000 – Jharkhand officially becomes the 28th state of India, formed from eighteen districts of southern Bihar. 2001 – Microsoft launches the Xbox game console. 2002 – Hu Jintao becomes General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and a new nine-member Politburo Standing Committee is inaugurated. 2003 – The first day of the 2003 Istanbul bombings, in which two car bombs, targeting two synagogues, explode, kill 25 people and wound 300 more. 2006 – Al Jazeera English launches worldwide. 2007 – Cyclone Sidr hits Bangladesh, killing an estimated 5,000 people and destroying parts of the world's largest mangrove forest, the Sundarbans. 2012 – Xi Jinping becomes General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party and a new seven-member Politburo Standing Committee is inaugurated. 2013 – Sony releases the PlayStation 4 (PS4) game console. 2016 – Hong Kong's High Court bans elected politicians Yau Wai-ching and Baggio Leung from the city's Parliament. 2017 – A flood a few miles outside of Athens results in the death of 25 people. 2020 – Lewis Hamilton wins the Turkish Grand Prix and secures his seventh drivers' title, equalling the all-time record held by Michael Schumacher. 2022 – The world population reached eight billion.

#Events

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