#Big threat to the leaders of Japan and China
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In the G-20 Summit, a big threat loomed over these leaders from India to America Japan and China
In the G-20 Summit, a big threat loomed over these leaders from India to America Japan and China
G-20 Summit Bali: Big news is coming from the G20 summit to be held in Bali, Indonesia. From US President Joe Biden to Chinese Prime Minister Li Keqiang, Japan’s PM Fumio Kishida and Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau, there has been a serious threat to the security of many other leaders. Due to this there is an atmosphere of panic in the entire G20 conference. In fact, the corona report of…
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#America at the G-20 conference#Big threat to the leaders of America#Big threat to the leaders of Japan and China#Cambodia PM Hun Sen Corona positive#Cambodia&039;s PM Hun Sen Corona positive#G-20 Conference#G-20 Summit Bali#Japan and China in the G20 summit#PM Modi is also participating in the G-20 conference#PM Modi is also taking part in G-20 conference
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Got Bored And Made An Entire Hetalia Baseball League (HBL)
the league is meant to have fictitious and near impossible goals for regular humans to achieve. They are all scaled beside each other accounting for superhuman strength.
~Amelia's Stats~
Batting Average Regular Season- .302 Projection- .300 Career- .329
Running Speed MPH- 18-20 Hitting Power MPH- 95-100 Regular Season Stolen Bases- 20 Career Stolen Bases- 300
Amelia’s energetic, passionate, confident, and team-oriented nature significantly influences her play style. She is an aggressive and powerful hitter who can change the game with one swing. Her determination and confidence make her a leader on the field, always ready to make a big play and contribute to her team’s success. Her plate discipline shows that she can balance her aggression with smart decisions, making her a well-rounded and valuable player.
Other Players: (will update with link as they are added) America Russia Sweden England Ireland Iceland Canada Denmark Turkey France Scotland Greece Germany Japan Nyo!America Prussia China Nyo!England Spain Austria Italy Norway Romano Finland
breakdown below >> (Chat GTP helped with this part because I'm not good at describing things or sports talk)((it also made me the lay out above I made the stats and it put them in MLB format for me & calculated batting average because math :/ ))
Player Analysis: Amelia
Energetic and Passionate:
Amelia's energetic and passionate personality translates into an aggressive and powerful approach at the plate. She brings excitement to the game and can energize her team with her powerful hitting and big plays.
Confident and Determined:
Amelia’s confidence in her abilities and determination to succeed make her a formidable opponent. She approaches each at-bat with the intent to make a significant impact, reflecting her assertive personality.
Sassy:
Amelia's sassy nature adds an element of flair and fun to her play. She is not afraid to show her personality on the field, whether through confident banter with opponents or celebrating her achievements with style. This sassiness can boost team morale and intimidate opponents.
Strengths
Power Hitting:
Amelia's ability to hit home runs (30 in regular season, 32 projected, 400 career) and doubles (40 in regular season, 42 projected, 500 career) showcases her power at the plate. She can change the game with one swing, making her a constant threat to drive in runs.
Consistency:
With a solid number of hits (175 in regular season, 180 projected, 2300 career), Amelia demonstrates reliable contact hitting. Her batting averages indicate she can consistently get on base and contribute to the team's offense.
Run Production:
Amelia's RBI totals (90 in regular season, 95 projected, 1200 career) highlight her ability to perform in clutch situations and drive in runs. She excels in bringing her teammates home, which is crucial for team success.
Plate Discipline:
Her walk numbers (70 in regular season, 75 projected, 900 career) reflect good patience and a selective approach at the plate, allowing her to get on base and create scoring opportunities.
Weaknesses
Strikeouts:
Amelia's relatively high strikeout numbers (100 in regular season, 95 projected, 1300 career) suggest a tendency to swing aggressively. This can lead to missed opportunities, particularly against tough pitching. Her aggressive style, while contributing to her power, also results in a higher risk of strikeouts.
Detailed Stat Analysis
Games Played (GP)
Regular Season: 150 | Projected: 155 | Career: 2000
Amelia’s high number of games played reflects her durability and consistent presence on the field. She is a reliable player who regularly contributes to the team.
At Bats (AB)
Regular Season: 580 | Projected: 600 | Career: 7000
Amelia is a regular in the batting lineup, trusted to contribute significantly to the team’s offense.
Runs (R)
Regular Season: 110 | Projected: 115 | Career: 1400
Amelia’s ability to score runs highlights her effectiveness in getting on base and being driven in by her teammates. Her dynamic nature helps her to be a consistent scorer.
Hits (H)
Regular Season: 175 | Projected: 180 | Career: 2300
Amelia’s ability to consistently get hits shows her skill as a contact hitter. Her batting averages indicate she can reliably get on base.
Doubles (2B)
Regular Season: 40 | Projected: 42 | Career: 500
Amelia’s doubles indicate her ability to drive the ball into gaps, turning singles into extra-base hits. Her strength and precision allow her to achieve a good number of doubles.
Triples (3B)
Regular Season: 6 | Projected: 7 | Career: 80
While not a primary focus, Amelia’s triples reflect her occasional bursts of speed and aggressive base running.
Home Runs (HR)
Regular Season: 30 | Projected: 32 | Career: 400
Amelia has solid power, capable of hitting home runs regularly. Her strength and aggressive approach at the plate make her a significant power hitter.
Runs Batted In (RBI)
Regular Season: 90 | Projected: 95 | Career: 1200
Amelia’s ability to drive in runs makes her a valuable player in the lineup. Her clutch hitting in key situations helps bring her teammates home.
Walks (BB)
Regular Season: 70 | Projected: 75 | Career: 900
Her walks reflect good plate discipline and patience, allowing her to get on base and contribute to the team’s offense.
Strikeouts (SO)
Regular Season: 100 | Projected: 95 | Career: 1300
Amelia’s strikeout numbers indicate a balance between aggression and discipline at the plate. While she has significant power, her approach results in a moderate number of strikeouts.
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Encountered something through my current Three Kingdoms obsession. When the work was popularized in Japan in manga form, the story ended with the death of Kongming. Kongming, the “Sleeping Dragon” was the last remaining hero of the Shu Kingdom. This is the turning point for the novel, as thematically it’s about the rise and fall of empires. We saw the rise of three kingdoms: Wei, Wu and Shu with the Shu faction being the moral victors/good guys of the work despite how Wei would go on to be replaced by the Jin Kingdom which would unify China a few decades later. Everything is downhill from Kongming’s death for Shu, which goes into decline afterwards. Some people speculate the story ends there because the rest is too hard to handle, much like how The Water Margin has various editions that either stop at the 70 chapter mark of the original work where the heroes are victorious, rather than the later added chapters where they fall for their previous crimes in order to keep with Confucianism.
Flower ends with the death of a dragon, Rhea, after the King she worked with, Dimitri, had fallen. Dimitri is supposed to represent oudou, the king’s path based on Confucianism. It would make a good parallel that he’s supposed to be the game’s Liu Bei, as Liu Bei has been made into the poster boy for what a leader is supposed to be under Confucianism. There’s also the fact that their pincer maneuver in the penultimate chapter fails in part due to rain interfering with Rhea’s powers and she dies the following chapter. Rhea also sets the Kingdom capital on fire, but she explains it's part of a strategy to lure in the BESF rather than the Empire zerg rushing their remaining forces. As it’s told in Three Kingdoms, Kongming while campaigning in the north against Wei, had trapped his rival Sima Yi and was going to burn his forces to death only for it to suddenly rain and save him. This was during Kongming’s last campaign, which he died during.
It makes a pretty good parallel, and that parallel explains why Flower stops at Rhea’s death. It’s aligns what happened at the end of the Japanese editions of Three Kingdoms, the death of the last of the good guys. The moral leader and his closest allies lost and are now dead, and from that point everything goes downhill as China is unified by the successor to Wei. The Jin dynasty wouldn’t last, as it’s attempts at reform would lead to another conflict called the War of Eight Princes with the death of it’s first emperor, and the Jin never achieved much.
Think about what happens after Edelgard wins: She consolidates power on the throne, giving whomever is on it absolute power. Nobles keep their lands and titles if they serve the Emperor, and can even pass down those titles to their kids according to Byleth’s ending with Lorenz. In the shadows, Hubert is monitoring the population, putting down rebellions as well as anyone he feels is a threat to Edelard and her rule. Byleth and Constance’s ending indicates that the empire gets a hold of Argarthan tech and magic, using it to support Edelgard’s rule. The Imperial army, according to Caspar’s endings, is conducting missions in other countries where they’re often out of control according to the Japanese text. Only a few people, including Byleth, are fighting against the Agarthans in the shadows as well (with Byleth’s solo/Sothis ending implying they’re STILL fighting when the histories are being written, while various paired endings do make it clear it was a long battle). Edelgard takes control of the Church as well, using it as a means to promote her own ideals which would mean she begins removing social safety nets so that people may learn to become “strong” rather than relying on others.
Edelgard’s rule is supposed to represent hadou, in opposition to oudou. She’s not meant to be a Confucian leader benevolently ruling over the people. She uses the power of the state and violence to enable her rule, a big no-no, spreads lies and misinformation while keeping people in the dark, another no-no, and is only shown putting nobles who support her into positions of power regardless of their actual morality. Confucius would say her empire is a recipe for disaster, a place where her leadership will lead to people being immoral much like the texts in the library say happened during the reign of Nemesis.
But we don’t play that part of the story, we play until all the good guys have been defeated just like what happens in the Japanese version of Three Kingdoms.
Granted, this would also mean that in the future of Fodlan people would write fanfics about Dimitri, bemoaning that he should have won.
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2023 / 18
Aperçu of the Week:
"Experience is the hardest kind of teacher. It gives you the test first and the lesson afterward."
(Oscar Wilde)
Bad News of the Week:
What's true in security policy is also true in fiscal policy: if the U.S. isn't fit, the whole world gets sick. The world's (still) largest economy sets the tone. Many global trade flows, e.g. for energy, are conducted in U.S. dollars, and in many countries it has replaced the domestic currency - whether unofficially, as in Zimbabwe, or even officially, as in El Salvador. So what happens to the U.S. economy or the U.S. dollar has global implications.
In the process, there seems to be a kind of parallel universe. Normally, in the economy, when a so-called insolvency threatens, all the alarm bells go off: Employees look for new jobs, suppliers stop supplying, the bank cancels the credit line, creditors are left sitting on their claims. The company is simply bankrupt, at the end of its rope, with no future prospects. Except, perhaps, for a few fillet pieces that the competition buys up at bargain prices. This does not apply to the USA. Because it is effectively bankrupt. And no one seems to care.
The current debt level - only of the state, not of its companies (banking crisis) or citizens (mortgage and credit card crisis) - amounts to $31.38 trillion. This is significantly more than the gross domestic product (GDP) of $26.85 trillion. In fact, this can never be repaid. For comparison: in Germany, $2.73 trillion in debt is compared to a GDP of $5.32 trillion. And we feel that this is bad. The creditors of the USA sit primarily abroad - whether friendly like Japan or even downright hostile like China. And sleep apparently nevertheless calmly. And that even in the face of the current (once again) concrete threat of insolvency.
Normally, and this has been the case for decades, this is nothing more than a ritual: the money is no longer enough, Republicans and Democrats agree - sometimes with more, sometimes with less dispute - to ignore the debt ceiling, which is actually regulated by law, they obtain money on the markets without any problems and act as if nothing had happened. Until next time. Business as usual.
This year, things may turn out differently. Because the trench warfare between the duopoly parties could reach a new level. Which this time might not be done with a few government agencies and national parks closed for two weeks. Already since the in many ways ridiculous election of Kevin McCarthy as Republican majority leader in the House of Representatives, this has been publicly announced. Because the ultra-right MAGA freaks like Marjorie Taylor Green or Matt Gaetz have made it clear that they will play hard ball on this issue at the latest: rather cuts in social services as well as environmental protection than a suspension of the debt ceiling. For party-political reasons and without a shred of interest in economic or financial policy. At the same time, Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen warns that so far it has only been possible to avert default through "a series of extraordinary measures".
Strange that the U.S. nevertheless has a credit rating of AAA. Is that perhaps because the three relevant agencies, Standard & Poor, Moody's and Fitch, are all U.S.-based private firms? Or that no one wants to admit that there may be a systematic problem after all? In every banking crisis - and we have one right now that is nowhere as dramatic as in the U.S. - the term "too big to fail" makes the rounds. The land of unlimited opportunity, unreal projection surface for the hopes and dreams of large parts of the world's population, must not be allowed to fail. That is psychology. It's certainly not mathematics.
Good News of the Week:
More and more often, I notice on the train and in the supermarket that I'm the only one still wearing an FFP2 mask. Yet I'm not an overly anxious person. I am merely part of a vulnerable group for whom it is still better not to become infected with the corona virus. But that is my personal decision. And no longer a legal requirement. Because there isn't one anymore. Except in many doctors' offices, where masks are still mandatory if that's what the doctor wants - which objectively would have made sense even earlier, because after all, that's basically where a disproportionate number of viruses and bacteria are buzzing around.
Basically, I'm glad that the Word Health Organization (WHO) officially lifted the international health emergency due to Corona on Friday. After more than three years of a worldwide pandemic. In the balance, there are more than 20 million deaths. A health system that reached its limits and exceeded them in many countries. A mass death of retailers and cultural institutions. Lots of children and young people with mental health problems - or at least major failures as they grew up.
Many health policy decisions were right. Many were wrong. Some fellows discovered their social empathy. Some a penchant for conspiracy theories. Friendships and bonds of solidarity have grown. Or were destroyed. As is so often the case in life, the task now is to learn from the past for the future. Because it will not be the last challenge that human society will have to face - looking at the news, the multi-crisis still dominates.
Therefore, it is nice that we have at least left behind the frightening side effects of the Corona pandemic. Which will accompany us from now on as a "completely normal" respiratory disease with a potentially fatal outcome. Like the flu. Because let's face it: normality can be very reassuring.
Personal happy moment of the week:
Last Monday was May 1, a public holiday in Germany. And while on "Labor Day" (actually absurd that this day of all days is a public holiday) demonstrations of the trade unions for more workers' rights take place everywhere in Germany, the accent in Bavaria is elsewhere. Namely on the maypole. A tradition according to which an approximately 30 meter high, white-blue painted trunk is erected with muscle power - accompanied by music, dance and beer. Cancelled the last years because of Corona, it was nice to be able to celebrate this festival again this year. Even the rain had a mercy and took a break for the crucial three hours.
I couldn't care less...
...that the United Kingdom has a new head of state since yesterday, King Charles III. And so do Canada, Australia, New Zealand and 13 other Commonwealth countries. All the pomp, his costumes and rituals etc. show me one thing above all: monarchies are no longer in keeping with the times. And are not democratic.
As I write this...
...I am listening to music. Right now John Legend. And think about the fact that this is probably the only undoubtedly exclusively positive achievement of mankind: art. Whether it's music, poetry, performing or visual art, analog or digital, live or documented. The kind of creativity that does not seek a concrete use value, but stimulates, entertains, inspires, polarizes, makes you think. L'art pour l'art is something very beautiful.
Post Scriptum
Germany reached its "earth overload day" last week. So if all of humanity were as wasteful with resources as we are, it would need three Earths. We only buy green electricity and drive an all-electric car or use public transportation. We try not to throw away food and collect everything that can be recycled. We order as little as possible from Amazon (okay: also because we simply can't stand the working conditions of this company and its owner himself) and basically try to reduce our consumption (okay: this also saves money and has an educational value). And yet we are more part of the problem than part of the solution. Sigh...
#thoughts#aperçu#good news#bad news#news of the week#happy moments#politics#oscar wilde#usa#debt ceiling#congress#bankruptcy#coronavirus#ffp2#who#labor day#first of may#united kingdom#charles iii#windsors#john legend#music#creativity#germany#earth overload day#arts#commonwealth#restrictions#maga#insolvency
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South Korean President Yoon Suk-yeol signaled a possible shift in his country’s stance on Russia’s war in Ukraine, opening the door to potentially providing direct military support to Kyiv as Seoul looks to take a larger role in global security, ahead of a major summit with U.S. President Joe Biden in Washington this week.
Yoon said in an interview with Reuters ahead of the meeting that South Korea would consider sending aid to Ukraine beyond only “humanitarian or financial support” if Russian forces orchestrated more massacres or large-scale attacks on civilians in Ukraine—comments that reflect Seoul’s efforts to take a more proactive role in U.S.-aligned global alliances as it faces down growing threats from neighboring North Korea and China.
The possible shift would be welcomed with open arms in Washington, where Biden administration officials are urging allies to cobble together more military supplies for Ukraine as NATO’s own stockpiles dwindle. But it could also come with a cost, putting South Korea in both Beijing’s and Moscow’s crosshairs as it deepens relations with the United States and Japan, giving the nascent Yoon administration a sensitive diplomatic challenge. In short, Washington and its NATO allies want South Korea’s massive military stockpiles opened to Ukraine. And Russia is signaling that it will do whatever it takes to stop that.
South Korea sits on one of the world’s largest stockpiles of artillery and artillery shells as it stares down the threat from North Korea. It also produces high-end K2 battle tanks and self-propelled K9 howitzer artillery systems that have attracted Eastern European countries looking to bulk up their militaries to keep supplies flowing to Ukraine and deter Russia.
“Obviously, [South Korea] is a very significant producer of military equipment,” said one senior Biden administration official. “I think that we can find ways in which—through backfilling, through supplying others, as well as possibly through providing defensive assistance— … they can play an important role in what is happening.”
This month, Seoul agreed to lend 500,000 rounds of 155 mm artillery shells to the United States, a move that in turn gives Washington more breathing room to send more artillery to Ukraine.
Some experts say Yoon’s comments don’t indicate any sudden major lurch in South Korean policy but set the stage for sending military aid if Russia dramatically escalates the conflict. “I think Yoon is setting a red line that, if crossed, it would be such a game-changer that it would be unconscionable for South Korea to not get more involved. In other words, I don’t think it’s as big of a shift as it appears,” said Frank Aum, an expert at the U.S. Institute of Peace and former official in the U.S. Defense Department.
Yet Yoon even floating the idea of sending direct military aid to Ukraine, with qualifiers and all, sparked sharp diplomatic backlash and veiled threats from Russia that it could supply North Korea with advanced military technology in retaliation, underscoring the geopolitical squeeze his government faces. Russia has already reportedly purchased millions of artillery shells and rockets from North Korea as it faces its own supply crunch.
“I wonder what the inhabitants of [South Korea] will say when they see the latest designs of Russian weapons in the hands of their closest neighbors—our partners from the DPRK [North Korea]?” Dmitry Medvedev, a former Russian president and close ally to current Russian President Vladimir Putin, said in a post on Telegram.
On the other side, NATO countries on the alliance’s vulnerable eastern flank, including Poland, are openly urging Biden to directly pressure Yoon to start shipping arms to Ukraine. Ukraine is burning through Western military ammunition and stockpiles at an alarmingly high rate, leaving top Western officials doubting whether they can sustain the current level of support for a full second year of war.
Yoon also faces domestic political pressure at home over the question of arming Ukraine. Lee Jae-myung, the leader of South Korea’s main opposition Democratic Party, held a press conference to sharply criticize Yoon over suggesting South Korea could open the door to arming Ukraine, arguing that such a move would push Moscow to cooperate more closely militarily with North Korea.
Yoon’s visit to the White House coincides with the 70th anniversary of the U.S.-South Korean alliance and the armistice that paused the Korean War. Yoon will be the first South Korean president to visit the White House in over a decade, and it will be the sixth meeting in total between Yoon and Biden following previous meetings in Seoul, Madrid, London, New York, and Phnom Penh, Cambodia. The tempo of meetings reflects how important the Biden administration views the U.S. alliance with South Korea, particularly as related to its efforts to counter China on the world stage and the growing threat of North Korea’s nuclear program.
South Korea has sought to strengthen its diplomatic channels with Europe, with Yoon becoming the first-ever South Korean leader to attend a NATO summit, held in Madrid last June. It has also sought to position itself as a major arms exporter around the world, with a particular focus on markets in Europe, in line with Yoon’s strategy to beef up Seoul’s own military effectiveness and boost the country’s economy. South Korean arms exports rose 140 percent in 2022, including a major arms deal with Poland worth nearly $6 billion, and a possible new arms deal with Romania is in the works for this year, including K9 howitzers and ammunition.
A tranche of classified U.S. documents leaked on the web last month showed that Yoon’s government wrestled with the prospect of supplying the United States with artillery shells, lest they end up in Ukraine and trigger diplomatic blowback on Seoul. According to the documents, South Korean officials considered selling 330,000 rounds of 155 mm artillery shells to Poland as a workaround to label Poland the end user of the shells—even if the sales were aimed at supporting Ukraine indirectly.
South Korea’s growing role in Europe’s defense markets, and massive stockpile of ammunition, is central to why Ukraine looms so large on the agenda for Biden and Yoon’s meeting even with other major concerns, such as China and North Korea, on the table. “The U.S. recognizes that South Korea is one of the top defense exporters in the world,” said Aum, the former Pentagon official.
U.S. officials haven’t said whether Biden would explicitly ask Yoon to send weapons directly to Ukraine but stressed that the White House understands the pressure South Korea is under. “I think that we understand their concerns,” the senior administration official said. “I think they also understand how critical the situation in Ukraine is.”
Still, the official added, “there’s probably no country in the world that has a better sense of what it means to have an effective global response when one country is brutally invaded by a neighbor than [South Korea].”
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♦️ Socialism in North Korea♦️
⭐ Korea's historic context⭐
- used to do business with China ( buy products)
-19th century is threatened by Japan
-1910 - Japan attach Korea ( imperialism, colonization, exploration, prohibite the language Korean and Korean names, "houses of comfort" - prostituition)
-Kim Il-sung - first leader of Korea - run away to Manchuria and takes part on Chinese Communist Party. Starts to combate Japanese imperialism
-1945 -Kim Il- sung, China and "red" army they expel the japanese army that was installed in Korea.
- 1950 - 1953 USA invade Korea and cause a genocide - throw a lot of bombs in Korea . ( kills 3 a 4 million people- the country had 8 million people , in total).
→USA was frightened because they were afraid that socialism would spread through other countries ( that would've happened). So USA divided korea and ocuppied South Korea. (They stayed there until today. Korean army is subimitted by USA army.)
-USA basically wants to restore capitalism throughout the peninsula. (They still didn't do it because of the nuclear bombs in North Korea)
-Korea resists and win ( USA do not reaches its goals)
-In the same context, Vietnam wins the war against USA and becomes socialist.( It's socialist until today)
-Parallel 38 N is restored and Korea is divided.
-Military Force: North korea invest in high and strong technologies to defend themselves ( nuclear technology ensures that korea has its origins and experiences remained.)
-1948 -Korea turns into a socialist country
_________________________________
❌Fake News or not?✅
- Explanations and comparisons.
- "Leader Cult": statues
→The statues are built to honor the past leaders before Kim Jong-un ( so the string "workship"has to do with North Korean history. They see the leader role as a symbol of resistance against Japanese Imperialism and threats of USA)
→ The "Kim" family is a representation of these fight against imperialism ( in this case, it was Japan). So it carries this big importance.
→ it isn't exclusively from socialism. In capitalism we have a lot of examples of statues or doutrines. (the queen if england, for example)
→ it is not an obligation to "workship the leader".
→ Kim Jong-un - it's not the maximum leader because he doesn't have all the power on his hands. ( in North Korea we have power division) - He was elected by the assembly ( he can be removed from his post anytime).
-The post that Kim Jong-un occupies, accumulates less power than Biden in USA. ( THE ASSEMBLY HAS THE SUPREME POWER).
-There isn't bourgeoisie in Korea.
So the leaders do not have much money as if they were richer. ( it's not proved that they are so much rich)
→ The assembly is elected by the population by vote (direct, universal, secret) and is composed by representants of the people.
-The majority of the assembly is elected independently ( they don't take part in any Party)
- KOREA HAS 3 PARTIES. (you can take part in one of them or not). The main idea isn't to represent the Party but your own local interests
→ Korea is not a dinasty. ( it has to do with the importance of Kim Il-sung family's name) - The successor is not compulsorily the next son of Kim's family. There's no documentation. ( to clarify, there is oposition to the Kim's family in North Korea.)
-North Korea can't buy things from exterior because of the blockades.
- FOOD INSECURITY : ✅
North Korea is forced to produce 98 % of its own food (because of the blockades). North territory only has 13% of its territory that is arable because it has a lot of mountains.) They can have a diary "calorie stability" but can't produce some foods that have certain nutrients themselves. ( like the lack of C vitamin, which is an essencial vitamin for the body). So if the population of a country has a déficit of any vital vitamin ( that its lack can cause illnesses) they stay on the map of desnutricion.
-Cars demmand a lot of technology. So how North Korea will produce cars if they can't import things?
→ This explains why Cuba's cars are so old. ( Cuba bought cars from URSS and has no industrial autonomy).
- "The govern decides who'll have a car or not" ✅ true. They have a poor production, because of the blockages. So they do like an "Urban Planning" so that the people can live near their works ( like 1 kilometer from the work).
Socialist countries like Cuba and Korea cannot produce in the same rhythm than capitalist countries.
-When a person gets out from a socialist country and go to a capitalist country,this person is considered dissident (a person who doesn't agree with the country principles).
Why do people run away from North Korea?
North Korea is in war with South. Because of South korean and North Korean laws is difficult to emigrate. ( Koreans can pass with facility at China,so many North Koreans live in China). South Korea hardly receive North Koreans.
1990- A lot of people runned away from North to South.( Before 90s, North Korea there was URSS and East block. So North Korea was even more developed than South Korea, but the situation inverts in 90s.) After the end of URSS and East block countries , North Korea loses about 40% of its trading.
So... End of partnership with URSS and East block countries + blockades = poverty, hunger, lack of fuels. So they had to come back to animal traction.
→ Many North Koreans were separated from their families in the South after the division. So many of them go to China to find people to help so they can visit their families in the South.
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BBC 0406 27 Sep 2024
12095Khz 0358 27 SEP 2024 - BBC (UNITED KINGDOM) in ENGLISH from TALATA VOLONONDRY. SINPO = 55434. English, dead carrier s/on @0358z then ID@0359z pips and newsday preview. @0401z World News anchored by David Harper. § Hurricane Helene is one of the most powerful storms ever to hit the United States with wind gust speeds of 140 mph (225 km/h) and heavy rain. The storm made landfall in Florida overnight on Thursday as a category four hurricane but was downgraded to a tropical storm as it moved rapidly more inland. It was the strongest storm on record to hit Florida's Big Bend, and it moved north into Georgia and the Carolinas. At least 45 people have died and millions have been left without power. § The Foreign Minister of Lebanon on Thursday said that the crisis in his country demanded urgent international action as Israeli attacks threatened to set off “a domino effect”, turning the entire Middle East region into “a black hole” of endless conflict. § Japan’s scandal-hit ruling party has elected Shigeru Ishiba as its new leader, positioning the former defence chief as Japan's next leader. Ishiba, 67, said he would clean up his Liberal Democratic Party (LDP), revitalise the economy and address security threats after winning Friday's party election. § The head of Sudan’s paramilitary Rapid Support Forces said on Thursday that the faction remained ready to implement a nationwide ceasefire in its war with the army and allow for the delivery of humanitarian aid. General Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo, commonly known as Hemedti, made the comments in a recorded message addressed to the United Nations General Assembly, following a speech to the body by the head of Sudan’s army. § More than half of Argentina's 46 million people are now living in poverty, new figures indicate, in a blow to right-wing President Javier Milei's efforts to turn around the country's beleaguered economy. § The U.S.'s steep tariff hikes on Chinese goods took effect on Friday after Beijing criticized the move as mutually destructive protectionism. China-made solar cells, semiconductors, and medical supplies such as masks and surgical gloves are now subject to 50 percent tariffs, up from 25. Tariffs on lithium-ion batteries have been raised from 7.5 percent to 25 percent. Duties on Chinese electric vehicles, a sector China now dominates but has a negligible market share in the U.S., have been quadrupled from 25 percent to 100 percent. § The parents of 43 students from the Ayotzinapa Rural Teachers’ College who went missing in Iguala, Guerrero in 2014, allegedly disappeared by security forces and a local drug gang, descended on Mexico City for an annual march to demand justice for their children. § Water levels in many of the rivers in the Amazon basin have reached their lowest on record amid a continuing drought, the Brazilian Geological Service (SGB) says. The Madeira river, a major tributary to the Amazon, had fallen to just 48cm in the city of Porto Velho on Tuesday, down from an average of 3.32m for this day, official data showed. The Solimões river has also fallen to its lowest level on record in Tabatinga, on Brazil's border with Colombia. Brazil's natural disaster monitoring agency Cemaden has described the current drought as the "most intense and widespread" it has ever recorded. @0406z "Newsday" begins. 100' (30m) of Kev-Flex wire feeding "Magic Wand" antenna hanging in backyard tree w/MFJ-1020C active antenna (used as a preamplifier/preselector), JRC NRD-535D, 250kW, beamAz 315°, bearing 63°. Received at Plymouth, MN, United States, 15359KM from transmitter at Talata Volonondry. Local time: 2258.
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Martin Armstrong: We’re Looking At Serious Civil Unrest Regardless Who Wins; Jesus: Wars and rumors of war
COGwriter
Martin Armstrong (no relation to COG Armstrongs) thinks civil unrest will come to the USA no matter who wins the presidential election in November:
“We’re Looking At Serious Civil Unrest Regardless Who Wins” – Martin Armstrong Fears Post-Election Chaos
August 26, 2024
Martin Armstrong says, “We are in a period of great uncertainty. . .. On Trump winning in November, Armstrong says, “Look, the computer says Trump should win. I don’t know how … they allow that to happen..”
“They have to trap Trump into a war or they kill him, one or the other. These people are unconscionable…
We are looking at serious civil unrest regardless of who wins in November. Neither side is going to accept it.” …
“If there is a big war, the US will default on it’s debt. . .. I am very concerned they will start WWIII before the end of the year and maybe by September.” https://www.zerohedge.com/political/were-looking-serious-civil-unrest-regardless-who-wins-martin-armstrong-fears-post
While there was movie called Civil War about the USA this year, no, WWIII will not start before the end of this year. But there very well could be civil unrest in the USA. Many have been concerned about the election and the potential for post-election violence.
Of course, the USA is not the only place there are rumors of war and violence.
A reader sent me a link to the following from Victor Davis Hanson:
August 26, 2024
There are three current hot or cold wars: on the Ukrainian border, in the regions surrounding Israel, and in the strategic space between Taiwan and mainland China. All three conflicts could not only expand within their respective theaters but also escalate to draw in the United States.
Various Russian megaphones routinely threaten to use tactical nuclear weapons against Ukraine. Some boast about sending strategic nuclear bombs or missiles against its Western suppliers, especially as the costs of Russian aggression mount and the humiliation of Putin escalates.
Nuclear Israel and near-nuclear Iran have both exchanged attacks on their respective homelands—and promise to do so again.
China likewise on occasion existentially threatens Taiwan. Its freelancing generals and spokesmen periodically warn Japan and the U.S. of dire nuclear consequences should they intervene on Taiwan’s behalf. …
In conclusion, we are entering a very dangerous five-month period. https://amgreatness.com/2024/08/26/the-quiet-before-the-storms-in-ukraine-gaza-and-taiwan/
Iran has again made threats:
August 26, 2024
Iran’s foreign minister again has referenced his country’s planned retaliation over the assassination of Hamas leader Ismail Haniyeh in Tehran.
Abbas Araghchi said late Sunday he made the remark in a conversation with Italian Foreign Minister Antonio Tajani by telephone.
“Iran reaction to Israeli terrorist attack in Tehran is definitive, and will be measured & well calculated,” Araghchi wrote on the social platform X. “We do not fear escalation, yet do not seek it — unlike Israel.” https://www.newsmax.com/world/globaltalk/israel-hamas-iran/2024/08/26/id/1177863/
There are also conflicts and threats in the Congo, Yemen, Iraq, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Haiti, and elsewhere.
Troubles are prophesied (Mark 13:8).
Here are parts of numbers 7 and 15 from my article 24 items to prophetically watch in 2024:
7. Strife and the Red Horse of War
Notice the following:
3 When He opened the second seal, I heard the second living creature saying, “Come and see.” 4 Another horse, fiery red, went out. And it was granted to the one who sat on it to take peace from the earth, and that people should kill one another; and there was given to him a great sword. (Revelation 6:3-4)
Somewhat paralleling the ride of the second horseman of Revelation 6:3-4, Jesus warned about wars and disturbances:
6 And you will hear of wars and rumors of wars. See that you are not troubled; for all these things must come to pass, but the end is not yet. 7 For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. (Matthew 24:6-7a)
“Nation … against nation” is literally “ethnos … against ethnos” in the original Greek. Notice how the Orthodox Jewish Bible translates the first half of Matthew 24:7:
For there will be an intifada of ethnic group against ethnic group,
In places like the USA, were are seeing more ethnic strife.
Consider that the opening of the second seal (Revelation 6:3-4) is to result in less peace on the Earth.
While this is commonly called the red horse (or horseman) of war, that is not quite what is stated. Notice that he “takes peace from the earth AND that people should kill one another.” Could it be that events in 2020, such as COVID-19 were consistent with taking “peace from the earth”?
Around the world people are AFRAID. The feeling of normalcy is gone for many around the globe. Consider that the travel restrictions are basically because of fear (and often politics). The media and government officials are saying everything will not go back to how it was and that we need to accept what they have called “the new normal.” Speculatively, could this be related to the opening of the second seal?
Not since World War II have we seen anything affect the entire planet so much. I have had a kind of gnawing feeling that perhaps the second seal was opened the late Spring or early Summer of 2020 (if not in the Fall of 2019) that perhaps we needed to better reconsider the opening of the second seal as possible.
Now in addition to COVID, we have had Russia’s ‘special military operation’ into Ukraine which has devestated Ukraine, killed many Russians, and take the facade of peace off in Europe. Then there is the Hamas-Israel war–that is one to watch as it is likely that we will see a regional war in the Middle East before we see a peace deal consistent with prophecies such as in Daniel 9:26-27.
Plus, we also have the USA presidential election. Should Donald Trump win, there are likely to be violent demonstrations, etc. If Joe Biden or anyone else is declared the winner, we may see protests and violence.
People are afraid or at least uneasy to a degree we have not seen around the world anytime in the 21st century.
Barnes Notes on the Bible states:
The power given to him that sat on the horse: and power was given to him that sat thereon to take peace from the earth, and that they should kill one another. This would seem to indicate that the condition immediately preceding this was a condition of tranquility, and that this was now disturbed by some cause producing discord and bloodshed. This idea is confirmed by the original words – τὴν εἰρήνην tēn eirēnēn – “the peace”; that is, the previously existing peace. When peace in general is referred to, the word is used without the article: Matthew 10:34, “Think not that I am come to send peace – βαλεῖν εἰρήνην balein eirēnēn – upon the earth.”
So, this rider is not just a rider of war, but taking away THE peace.
The old WCG taught about the time of the red horse:
John was not speaking about the fall of Jerusalem. That war was already some twenty years behind him. John was referring to future events that would bring 6000 years of human history crashing to a cataclysmic close. … John is referring to a time yet ahead of us when “peaceful coexistence” will be a thing of the past. …
It’s no wonder that Jeremiah, in referring to these tumultuous times, stated: “Alas! for that day is great, so that none is like it: it is even the time of Jacob’s trouble …” (Jer. 30:7). (Ritter G. 4 Horsemen of the Apocalypse – The Red Horse – War, pp. 48, 52; see also Ritter R. The War that could end it all. Good News, December 1975)
We expect to see more wars, rumors of war, and civil unrest. …
15. Unrest, Terror, and the Dividing of the USA
There have been many protests in the USA.
Some protested racial, economic, and policing matters. Some have called for a “civil war.”
The Bible prophesies, “There shall be terror within” (Deuteronomy 32:25).
Will that happen to the USA?
Yes.
Jesus taught:
25 Every kingdom divided against itself is brought to desolation, and every city or house divided against itself will not stand. (Matthew 12:25)
We are seeing more divide in the USA and parts of it certainly appear to be intentional. Much of it is ideological. The USA is becoming less and less united and more polarized.
Notice the following from 2022:
WND: Ex-Army generals fear insurrection or ‘civil war’ in 2024
Expect more divide in a nation where half of its people cannot tell the different between males and females and the other half still sticks to some facts about that. And of course, there is the abortion divide and other issues.
More terror is prophesied to hit the USA. The same is true for Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom.
The time of Jacob’s trouble (Jeremiah 30:7), also known as the Great Tribulation (Matthew 24:21), is coming and the USA and its Anglo-Saxon allies (including Canada) will be affected.
National repentance is the only way to prevent it, and that does not look likely. Though for the nation, the Kingdom of God is the solution, but first there will be a horrific 3 1/2 years.
Personal repentance, however, is still possible. Your personal future can still be much brighter than that of your country. Jesus, in addition to being the source of salvation, also offered physical protection to the most faithful (see Philadelphian Christian Great Tribulation Protection and/or watch Great Tribulation Protection).
Jesus, of course, warned about wars and rumors of and referred to them as the beginning of sorrows:
4 Take heed that no one deceives you. 5 For many will come in My name, saying, ‘I am the Christ,’ and will deceive many. 6 And you will hear of wars and rumors of wars. See that you are not troubled; for all these things must come to pass, but the end is not yet. 7 For nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. And there will be famines, pestilences, and earthquakes in various places. 8 All these are the beginning of sorrows. (Matthew 24:4-8)
Related to sorrows, the Continuing Church of God put out the following:
Sorrows and the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse
Revelation 6:1-8 shows the opening of four seals and discusses the rides of the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Each of which appears to be associated with aspects of the “beginning of sorrows” that Jesus mentions in the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, and Luke. What do each of the horsemen represent? Did the old Worldwide Church of God teach that these rides were still in the future in the late 21st century? Could any have began in the 21st century? Does the rider of the white horse represent Jesus or false religion? Are there ties to the interfaith and ecumenical movements? What might the bow the horseman has represent? Could this be a tie to Satan the Devil? What about the Beast and False Prophet? Has the “beginning of sorrows” started? Could the first seal be opened? Could COVID-19 have anything to do with the second seal? Has “the peace” been taken from the earth? Could the rider of the red horse have begun with an opening of the second seal? What about riots, looting wars, and rumors of war? Are food inflation, food shortages, and famines associated with the opening of the third seal and rider of the black horse of famine? Could human actions such as evolution teachings, genetically-modified crops, and viral research be factors in the rides of the four horsemen? Is more than death related to pestilences associated with the rider of the pale horse, the fourth seal? Why might this be a factor in 666? Will most people fail to recognize the rides of the four horsemen of the Apocalypse until it is too late to take action? What about the fifth seal and the start of the Great Tribulation? Are there problems with Roman and Eastern Orthodox prophecies concerning the end and the Great Monarch? What about prophecies related to Noah, the King of the North, Armageddon, and Antichrist? Dr. Thiel covers these issues and also includes some speculation and analysis.
Here is a link to the sermon video: Sorrows and the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse.
We are in a time of wars and rumors of war. But the end is not yet.
Related Items:
Could God Have a 6,000 Year Plan? What Year Does the 6,000 Years End? Was a 6000 year time allowed for humans to rule followed by a literal thousand year reign of Christ on Earth taught by the early Christians? Does God have 7,000 year plan? What year may the six thousand years of human rule end? When will Jesus return? 2031 or 2025 or? There is also a video titled: When Does the 6000 Years End? 2031? 2035? Here is a link to the article in Spanish: ¿Tiene Dios un plan de 6,000 años?
Might the U.S.A. Be Gone in 2028? Could the USA be gone by the end of 2028 or earlier? There is a tradition attributed to the Hebrew prophet Elijah that humanity had 6,000 years to live before being replaced by God’s Kingdom. There are scriptures, writings in the Talmud, early Christian teachings that support this. Also, even certain Hindu writings support it. Here is a link to a related video: Is the USA prophesied to be destroyed by 2028? In Spanish: Seran los Estados Unidos Destruidos en el 2028?
Philadelphian Christian Great Tribulation Protection What will the Great Tribulation be like? Does Jesus promise physical protection to some or all Christians? Where might the place of protection be? What about fleeing to the mountains? What did Ezekiel warn? Here is a link to a related sermon: Great Tribulation Protection.
When Will the Great Tribulation Begin? 2024, 2025, or 2026? Can the Great Tribulation begin today? What happens before the Great Tribulation in the “beginning of sorrows”? What happens in the Great Tribulation and the Day of the Lord? Is this the time of the Gentiles? When is the earliest that the Great Tribulation can begin? What is the Day of the Lord? Who are the 144,000? Here is a version of the article in the Spanish language: ¿Puede la Gran Tribulación comenzar en el 2020 o 2021? ¿Es el Tiempo de los Gentiles? A related video is: Great Tribulation: 2026 or 2027? A shorter video is: Tribulation in 2024? Here is a video in the Spanish language: Es El 2021 el año de La Gran Tribulación o el Grande Reseteo Financiero.
Should a Christian Vote? This article gives some of the Biblical rationale on this subject. Would Jesus vote for president/prime minister? Is voting in the Bible? This is a subject Christians need to understand. A video of related interest is available titled: Should Christians Vote? Another video is Biden, Trump, and the Bible.
Crime can be stopped…here’s how! This was a booklet that was edited with some updates by Dr. Thiel. Here is a link to a related sermon: Crime and How it Will be Stopped!
God’s Grace is For All Is being Jewish a hindrance to salvation? What about not being a descendant of Israel? What does the Bible really teach? Here is a link to a related sermon titled Race and Grace; Do you view race as God does? Watch also Mystery of Race.
24 items to prophetically watch in 2024 Much is happening. Dr. Thiel points to 24 items to watch (cf. Mark 13:37) in this article. Here is a link to a related video: 24 Items to Prophetically Watch in 2024. Here is a link to related video in the Spanish language titled 24 Cosas a tener en cuenta en 2024: https://youtu.be/6f7oqEhjhbg
The Gospel of the Kingdom of God This free online pdf booklet has answers many questions people have about the Gospel of the Kingdom of God and explains why it is the solution to the issues the world is facing. It is available inover 1,000 languages at ccog.org. Here are links to four kingdom-related sermons: The Fantastic Gospel of the Kingdom of God!, The World’s False Gospel, The Gospel of the Kingdom: From the New and Old Testaments, and The Kingdom of God is the Solution.
Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse What do each of the four horseman of the Apocalypse represent? Have they began their ride? Did Jesus discuss the any of this? Might their rides coincide with the “beginning of sorrows? Do they start their ride prior to the Great Tribulation? Did Nostradamus or any other ‘private prophets’ write predictions that may mislead people so that they may not understand the truth of one or more of the four horseman? There is also a related YouTube video titled Sorrows and the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse. Here are links to shorter videos: These Signs of the 4 Horsemen Have Begun and Biological Weapons and the 4th Horseman of the Apocalypse.
USA in Prophecy: The Strongest Fortresses Can you point to scriptures, like Daniel 11:39, that point to the USA in the 21st century? This article does. A related sermon is titled: Do these 7 prophesies point to the end of the USA?
Who is the King of the West? Why is there no Final End-Time King of the West in Bible Prophecy? Is the United States the King of the West? Here is a version in the Spanish language: ¿Quién es el Rey del Occidente? ¿Por qué no hay un Rey del Occidente en la profecía del tiempo del fin? A related sermon is also available: The Bible, the USA, and the King of the West.
Is God Calling You? This booklet discusses topics including calling, election, and selection. If God is calling you, how will you respond? Here is are links to related sermons: Christian Election: Is God Calling YOU? and Predestination and Your Selection; here is a message in Spanish: Me Está Llamando Dios Hoy? A short animation is also available: Is God Calling You?
Christian Repentance Do you know what repentance is? Is it really necessary for salvation? Two related sermons about this are also available: Real Repentance and Real Christian Repentance.
About Baptism Should you be baptized? Could baptism be necessary for salvation? Who should baptize and how should it be done? Here is a link to a related sermon: Let’s Talk About Baptism and Baptism, Infants, Fire, & the Second Death.
Lost Tribes and Prophecies: What will happen to Australia, the British Isles, Canada, Europe, New Zealand and the United States of America? Where did those people come from? Can you totally rely on DNA? Do you really know what will happen to Europe and the English-speaking peoples? What about the peoples of Africa, Asia, South America, and the islands? This free online book provides scriptural, scientific, historical references, and commentary to address those matters. Here are links to related sermons: Lost tribes, the Bible, and DNA; Lost tribes, prophecies, and identifications; 11 Tribes, 144,000, and Multitudes; Israel, Jeremiah, Tea Tephi, and British Royalty; Gentile European Beast; Royal Succession, Samaria, and Prophecies; Asia, Islands, Latin America, Africa, and Armageddon; When Will the End of the Age Come?; Rise of the Prophesied King of the North; Christian Persecution from the Beast; WWIII and the Coming New World Order; and Woes, WWIV, and the Good News of the Kingdom of God.
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Firewall Devices Market Key Players Analysis, Opportunities and Growth Forecast to 2031
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Kishida faces dilemma at G7 as he balances anti-nuclear goals with reality of threats
HIROSHIMA
8:15 on the morning of Aug 6, 1945.
It's a big reason leaders from the world's most powerful democracies descended on Hiroshima for this weekend's Group of Seven summit: Part commemoration, part effort to confront the continuing consequences of the moment a U.S. B-29 Superfortress released what the Americans named “Little Boy” over the city in the first wartime use of a nuclear bomb.
It also presents Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida, the driving force behind Hiroshima's selection for the G7 venue, with a unique dilemma.
On the one hand, he is keen to promote the vision of a world without nuclear weapons that has long been a cornerstone of his political rhetoric. On the other, he is mindful of the widespread domestic worry over aggression by nuclear-armed neighbors.
Kishida's difficult balancing act could be clearly seen in the G7's overwhelming focus on building support for Ukraine's defense against nuclear-armed Russia's invasion, highlighted by Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy's personal appearance in Hiroshima. There was also sustained G7 pressure on China over its expanding nuclear arsenal, and on North Korea's pursuit of nuclear-tipped missiles that can target the U.S. mainland.
But even as he stood shoulder-to-shoulder with Zelenskyy, whose presence at the summit bolsters Kishida politically, the Japanese leader sought to repeatedly infuse the summit with his ideas about a nuclear-free world.
On both the opening and closing days of a gathering that included four nuclear-armed nations — G7 members France, the U.K., the United States, and visiting participant India — Kishida brought leaders to pay their respects at memorials to the 140,000 people killed by the bomb. They planted a symbolic cherry tree, spoke with a survivor and offered a silent prayer.
Geography is a big reason for Kishida's attention to nuclear disarmament. He represents Hiroshima, where his family is from, in parliament. Although a pro-military conservative, he is politically linked to a city where a fast-dwindling number of elderly bomb survivors are a palpable reminder of one of the most momentous events in human history.
As a child, Kishida heard about the horrors of the atomic bombing from his grandmother, who was from Hiroshima. Her stories left “an indelible mark” and inspired his work for a world without nuclear weapons, said Noriyuki Shikata, Cabinet secretary for public affairs.
But Japan, a liberal democracy, staunch U.S. ally and the world’s third biggest economy, is also located in a dangerous neighborhood.
Wary of China and North Korea, Kishida has been steadily pushing for an expansion of a military constrained by a pacifist constitution primarily written by the Americans after Japan’s World War II defeat. He relies on the so-called U.S. military umbrella, which includes nuclear weapons and the 50,000 U.S. military personnel, and their powerful, high-tech weaponry, stationed in Japan.
To some critics, Kishida’s disarmament goals ring hollow as he simultaneously pushes to double Japan’s defense budget in the next five years and strengthen strike capabilities.
Japan also refuses to sign the Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, which took effect in 2021. Kishida says it is unworkable because it lacks membership by nuclear states. He maintains that Japan needs to take a realistic approach to bridging the gap between nuclear and non-nuclear states in a challenging world.
“A path to a world without nuclear weapons has become even more difficult,” Kishida said in April. “But that’s why we need to keep raising the flag of our ideal and regain a new momentum.”
On Sunday, the summit's final day, Kishida escorted South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol to a small memorial honoring Korean victims of the atomic bombing.
That symbolic visit helps reveal the tricky path Kishida follows.
As he paid tribute to victims of the bombing, he was also looking to solidify Japan's security stance by improving a relationship with South Korea that has long been shaky because of unresolved disputes linked to the 1910-1945 Japanese colonization of the Korean Peninsula.
Yoon's office described Kishida’s visit to the memorial as a “courageous act” and said that Washington, Seoul and Tokyo agreed “to strengthen deterrence against North Korea" and improve defense cooperation, including sharing real-time information on North Korean missile launches.
U.S. President Joe Biden said that being in Hiroshima for the G7 was “a powerful reminder of the devastating reality of nuclear war” and a reminder of countries’ shared responsibility to work for peace. But Biden also stressed Sunday a willingness to challenge Russia by helping Ukrainians defend themselves.
Kishida's meetings at the summit with Biden and Yoon are “an occasion to show the other team, the China-Russia-North Korea coalition, solidarity among the democracies in the region and their resolve to stand up to the increasingly threatening autocracies,” said Sung-Yoon Lee, an East Asia expert at Tufts University’s Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy.
Kishida, Yoon and Biden's joint focus on victims of the bombing, Lee said, “sends an implicit message to China, Russia and North Korea: ‘We will never forget.'”
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Jeffrey Sachs on Why Neutral Countries Should Mediate Between Russia and Ukraine
The American economist writes as part of a series debating the wisdom of peace negotiations
— By Invitation | Russia and Ukraine | January 18, 2023
Jeffrey Sachs
Neither Russia Nor Ukraine is likely to achieve a decisive military victory in their ongoing war: both sides have considerable room for deadly escalation. Ukraine and its Western allies have little chance of ousting Russia from Crimea and the Donbas region, while Russia has little chance of forcing Ukraine to surrender. As Joe Biden noted in October, the spiral of escalation marks the first direct threat of “nuclear Armageddon” since the Cuban missile crisis 60 years ago.
The rest of the world also suffers alongside, though not on the scale of the battlefield. Europe is probably in recession. Developing economies struggle with rising hunger and poverty. American armsmakers and big oil firms reap windfalls, even as the overall American economy worsens. The world endures heightened uncertainty, disrupted supply chains and dire risks of nuclear escalation.
Each side might opt for continued war in the belief that it has a decisive military advantage over its foe. At least one of the parties would be mistaken in such a view, and probably both. A war of attrition will devastate both sides.
Yet the conflict could proceed for another reason: that neither side sees the possibility of an enforceable peace agreement. Ukrainian leaders believe that Russia would use any pause in fighting to rearm. Russian leaders believe that nato would use any pause in fighting to expand Ukraine’s arsenal. They choose to fight now, rather than face a stronger foe later.
The challenge is to find a way to make a peace agreement acceptable, credible and enforceable. I believe that the case for a negotiated peace needs to be more broadly heard, first to spare Ukraine from becoming a perpetual battleground, and more generally, as beneficial for both sides and the rest of the world. A strong argument can be made for involving neutral countries to help enforce a peace settlement that would benefit many.
A credible agreement would first need to meet the core security interests of both parties. As John F. Kennedy wisely said on the path to the successful Partial Nuclear Test Ban Treaty with the Soviet Union in 1963, “even the most hostile nations can be relied upon to accept and keep those treaty obligations, and only those treaty obligations, which are in their own interest.”
In a peace agreement, Ukraine would need to be assured of its sovereignty and security, while nato would need to promise not to enlarge eastward. (Although nato describes itself as a defensive alliance, Russia certainly feels otherwise and firmly resists nato enlargement.) Some compromises would need to be found regarding Crimea and the Donbas region, perhaps freezing and de-militarising those conflicts for a period of time. A settlement will also be more sustainable if it includes the phased elimination of sanctions on Russia and an agreement by both Russia and the West to contribute to the rebuilding of war-torn areas.
Success may well hinge on who is included in trying to find and enforce peace. Since the belligerents themselves cannot forge such a peace alone, a key structural solution lies in bringing additional parties to the agreement. Neutral nations including Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa have repeatedly called for a negotiated end to the conflict. They could help to enforce any agreement that is reached.
These countries are neither Russia-haters nor Ukraine-haters. They neither want Russia to conquer Ukraine, nor the West to expand nato eastward, which many see as a dangerous provocation not only to Russia but perhaps to other countries as well. Their opposition to nato enlargement has sharpened as American hardliners have urged the alliance to take on China. Neutral countries were taken aback by the participation of Asia-Pacific leaders of Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand in a summit last year of supposedly “North Atlantic” countries.
The peacemaking role of major neutral countries could be decisive. Russia’s economy and war-making capacity depend on continued strong diplomatic relations and international trade with these neutral countries. When the West imposed economic sanctions on Russia, major emerging economies, such as India, did not follow suit. They did not want to choose sides and have maintained strong relations with Russia.
These neutral countries are major players in the global economy. According to the imf’s estimates of gdp at purchasing-power parity, the combined output of Argentina, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia and South Africa ($51.7trn, or almost 32% of world output) in 2022 was larger than that of the g7 nations, America, Britain, Canada, France, Germany, Italy and Japan. The emerging economies are also crucial to global economic governance and will hold the g20 presidency for four years in a row, as well as leadership positions in major regional bodies. Neither Russia nor Ukraine wants to squander relations with these countries, making them important potential guarantors of peace.
Moreover, many of these countries will seek to burnish their diplomatic credentials by helping to negotiate peace. Several, including of course Brazil and India, are long-time aspirants for permanent seats on the un Security Council. The possible architecture of a peace deal could be an agreement co-guaranteed by the un Security Council with several of the major emerging economies. In addition to the countries mentioned above, other credible co-guarantors include Turkey (which has skilfully mediated Russia-Ukraine talks); Austria, which is proud of its enduring neutrality; and Hungary, which holds this year’s presidency of the un General Assembly and has repeatedly called for negotiations to end the war.
The un Security Council and the co-guarantors would impose un-agreed trade and financial measures against any party that breaches the peace agreement. The implementation of such measures would not be subject to veto by the breaching party. Russia and Ukraine would have to trust the fair play of the neutral countries to secure peace and their respective security goals.
It makes no sense for the fighting to continue in Ukraine. Neither side is likely to win a war that is currently devastating Ukraine, imposing massive costs in lives and lucre on Russia, and causing global harm. Major neutral countries, in conjunction with the un, can be the co-guarantors to begin a new era of peace and rebuilding. The world should not allow the two sides to continue a reckless spiral of escalation. ■
— Jeffrey Sachs is an American Economist, An Adviser to three UN Secretaries-General and President of the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network. He advised the Economic teams of Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, Russian President Boris Yeltsin and Ukrainian President Leonid Kuchma. He advocated large-scale Western assistance to support the Post-communist market transition, but this was not accepted by Western Governments.
— This article appeared in the By Invitation section of the print edition under the headline "Jeffrey Sachs on Why Neutral Countries Should Mediate Between Russia and Ukraine"
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Small Cell 5G Network Market Strategy and Remarkable Growth Rate By 2025
According to a research report "Small Cell 5G Network Market Size by Component (Solutions and Services), Radio Technology (5G NR (Standalone and Non-standalone)), Cell Type (Picocells, Femtocells, and Microcells), Deployment Mode, End User, and Region - Global Forecast to 2025" published by MarketsandMarkets, the global small cell 5G network small cell 5G network market size is expected to grow from USD 626 million in 2020 to USD 2,413 million by 2025, at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 31.0% during the forecast period. The major growth drivers for the market include the increase in the mobile data traffic, the emergence of Citizen broadband radio Services (CBRS) band, and the minimization of Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) and Operational Expenditure (OPEX).
Outdoor segment to show a higher growth rate during the forecast period
In the small cell 5G network market by deployment mode, the outdoor segment is expected to show a higher growth rate during the forecast period. Telecom operators are expected to deploy small cell solutions in mmWave bands, which boost the deployments of outdoor small cells post 2021. Globally, North America is expected to widely adopt outdoor small cell solutions.
Among end users, the enterprises segment to gain a higher traction during the forecast period
In the small cell 5G network market by end user, the enterprises segment is expected to grow at a higher CAGR during the forecast period. Currently, in the enterprises segment, the small cell 5G network market is emerging and expected to grow during the forecast period. In the present scenario, the deployment of small cell 5G network is less in enterprises. However, in the next 5 years, the small cell deployment is expected to increase to meet the increasing demand for data traffic in Internet of Things (IoT) applications.
North America to hold the largest market size duringthe forecast period
North America is expected to hold the largest market size in the global small cell 5G network market during the forecast period. The US has emerged as the largest small cell 5G network industry in North America in terms of market size, due to the large-scale implementation of small cell solutions by telecom operators in this country. The US is home to big telecom players, such as AT&T, Sprint, T-Mobile, and Verizon. Owing to the rollout of the CBRS band, enterprises are expected to deploy small cell solutions, which are expected to indirectly boost the growth of the small cell 5G network market in the US.
Key players and innovating vendors in the global small cell 5G network market include Ericsson (Sweden), Huawei (China), ZTE (China), Cisco (US), NEC (Japan), Nokia (Finland), CommScope (US), Airspan Networks (US), ip.access (UK), Corning (US), Fujitsu (Japan), Samsung (South Korea), Comba Telecom (Hong Kong), Contela (South Korea), Baicells Technologies (US), Acceleran (Belgium), Accuver (US), Casa Systems (US), CommAgility (England), Radisys (US), Altiostar (US), Siradel (France), Qualcomm (US), Octasic (Canada), PC-TEL (US), and Microsemi (US).
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“In the international arena, the CCP began to act more like a self-interested capitalist state. After breaking ties with the USSR, China had increased trade with Japan and Hong Kong-Macau, and selectively traded with Western countries such as West Germany for industrial goods. Until 1959, 65.3 percent of Chinese foreign trade had been conducted with the USSR; between 1960 and 1971, 56.1 percent went to Asian countries alone. After Mao welcomed Nixon to China in 1971, trade with Western countries tripled, making up 24.1 percent of foreign trade by 1972.[255] In tandem with these economic shifts, Mao began naming Soviet “social imperialism” as the main threat to world socialism and advocated a “Three Worlds” theory that considered the unaligned Third World the main revolutionary force on the planet.
With this orientation the CCP pursued a disastrous foreign policy. In 1971, the Chinese government lent military support to the Sri Lankan state against a Trotskyist uprising, killing thousands. The same year, it opposed the independence of Bangladesh from Pakistan, in order to prevent the formation of a Soviet-aligned state in its sphere of influence. In 1973, the Chinese government rushed to recognize the new Pinochet regime, after the Soviet- and Cuban-oriented Allende government was overthrown in a coup. In 1975 it supported UNITA, an Angolan political party also backed by the United States and the apartheid regime in South Africa, in order to prevent Soviet-and Cuban-backed MPLA guerillas from gaining power in the Angolan civil war. There is no evidence that Mao opposed any of these interventions.
Domestically, a large underground reading movement continued after the crackdowns of 1967–68, leading to a wave of mass activity in the mid-1970s. In 1974, a party-sponsored campaign against cadre privileges led to strikes and worker actions, which the party was forced to quell in April.[256] That autumn, the Li Yizhe group released a big poster entitled “On Socialist Democracy and the Legal System,” critiquing the bureaucratic ruling class and calling for political freedoms.[257] Mass unrest then broke out in March and April of 1976, when crowds used memorial ceremonies for the late Zhou Enlai to wage protests against the CRG in cities across the country. Up to two million people gathered to lay wreaths and big posters in Tiananmen Square criticizing party leaders. Some posters even criticized Mao himself in veiled forms, declaring “we want premier Zhou, we don’t want Franco [i.e., Mao], and even less the Empress Dowager [Jiang Qing].”[258] When officials ordered the wreaths and posters removed, crowds overturned vehicles and set a police station on fire before being dispersed with clubs.[259]
None of the 1970s mobilizations matched the mass power of 1967, however, or aimed at the revolutionary overthrow of the state. Instead protests and publications increasingly focused on the CRG and cast their concerns in terms of political rights. Thus when Mao died in September 1976, his successor Hua Guofeng easily arrested the CRG [Cultural Revolution group] leadership (the so-called Gang of Four composed of Mao’s wife Jiang Qing, Zhang Chunqiao, Yao Wenyuan, and Wang Hongwen) and the Chinese working class sat on the sidelines. Two years later, a newly rehabilitated Deng Xiaopeng rose to power and began a series of sweeping capitalist reforms. The Maoist era was over.
The CR [cultural revolution] demonstrated the internal incoherence of the politics Mao developed from the Yenan period through the Sino-Soviet split. Unclear as to the source of class conflicts in state capitalist society, Mao framed the movement in terms of loyal “rebels” against a “handful” of capitalist roaders in the party. These terms ultimately proved incoherent, leading to waves of factionalization as the class content of the movement emerged. Though Mao was theoretically committed to revolutionizing Chinese society through mass mobilization, he nonetheless prevented these movements from developing their own autonomous capacities to govern society and displace the state. Mao in 1968 vacillated just as much as in 1957. Once again, his actions led to a handover of power to the right.
The “ultra-left” of the CR, on the other hand, was hampered by its close relationship to state power. Many CR groups were launched with the sanction and material support of party leaders, and they lacked the ability to maintain momentum and organization in antagonism with the state. Most drew their theoretical categories and political rhetoric from Mao and the CRG and only haltingly developed their own independent analysis of the situation. Lacking theoretical clarity as to who their friends and enemies were, most groups possessed only a vague idea of the kind of struggle that awaited them. Many groups fragmented in the face of state repression and scrambled to win rehabilitation from the CRG. Despite the visionary achievements of the young militants of the “ultra left,” the movement they championed was crushed.
The end of the CR marked the breaking point of Maoist politics. Carried to their extreme, Mao’s simultaneous commitments to Stalinist assumptions and mass mobilization against capitalist restoration led to a dead end. The price of this failure was thousands injured and killed, thousands more confused and demoralized, and capitalist exploitation for decades to come.”
-Elliott Liu, “Maoism and the Chinese Revolution” (2016)
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Why the USSR had collapsed while PRC not only lives, but can potentially rival USA? Is there some difference in geography and natural resourses? Did Russia have some unique issues China lacks? Or was Mao just plain better leader than Stalin?
That is a....very complicated question, like you are basically asking something that would require a massive book as an answer, and I am not an expert on either the Soviet Union and the PRC (I studied Imperial China). Like this is beyond a Phd question, this is a full on a whole series of academic journeys involving dozens of experts in both fields). I have some ideas but don't take anything I say as authoritative, this is my speculation on some possible reasons.
Firstly, geographical answer. Ever since China became China, its more often than not been among the greatest and most powerful nations in the world. For a wide variety of reasons ranging from population numbers, natural resources, geographic placement, established history, and cultural reasons, China is more often than not a powerful centralized stable government. Meanwhile for its own complicated reasons, Russian goverment are often very unstable, partly due to size, partly due to population distribution, partly due to just the sheer difficulty of the weather. So you could make the argument that this has less to do with different styles of communism and more to do with Russian vs. Chinese governments generally, its a lot easier to run China than Russia
(The counter argument to that is that China was the victim of over 110 years of colonialism when it got independent which is not true of Russia)
Secondly is the US. The Soviet Union from the start was basically seen as public enemy number 1 by a lot of the major capitalist powers, and so once they win their brutal civil war, they are immediately facing threats from France, Britain , Japan, Germany and of course the United States. This doesn't excuse the really shitty Soviet Leaders ship that dominated the first few decades of its existence, but a big part of the problems facing them was the fact that they had to build a new country after a civil war with enemies everywhere. The PRC by contrast, started its existence with the Soviet Union as their ally and support, which helped them in those critical early months of its existence, as well as other international communist countries. Also while the US was 100% hostile to the PRC, it never focused on the PRC as its top priority. In fact, in the 70s, the US supported the PRC in opposition to the USSR, this is called the Sino-Soviet Split. So the PRC never faces an opponent as dedicated as the US was during the Cold War, and that allows them a lot of freedom that the Soviets never get.
Thirdly, and tied to the second is the culture as isolationism. Between the American hostility and Stalins own paranoid brutal dictatorship, the Soviet Union becomes a very isolationist country very quickly, which really limits it ability to function. The PRC starts with that, but upon Mao's death and the overthrow of the Gang of Four, China very quickly becomes MUCH integrated with the global economy which provides it with far more stability. It also prevents any of the really powerful countries from wanting to fuck with them, meanwhile the Soviet Union turns inwards and that really limits their power as a nation.
Fourth, is war. After their victory in the Russian Civil War, the Soviet Union gets itself involved in what on its own would be the largest war in Human history, the Eastern Front in WWII against the Nazis (Called the Great Patriotic War in Russia). In that war the Soviet Union losses somewhere between 26 million to 35 million people (some people even say 42 million) which regardless of the number....thats a lot. And I wasn't even counting wounded and people who just left during that war. So the Soviet Union has this massive demographic economic crisis which yes they survive, but it really devastates the nation, in some way Russia today hasn't survived from the damage of the Nazi invasion. And while it wasn't nearly as much of a demographic crisis, the invasion of Afghanistan was an economic and military disaster on the part of the Soviets.
The PRC meanwhile has been...pretty leery of fighting wars. They only had one major war since their independence in 1949, which was the Korean War, and all of the other war (Sino Soviet Wars, the Invasion of Vietnam, the war with India), but none of those wars involve battles on major parts of Chinese soil and none of them were huge nightmarish losses. And China hasn't fought a war since 1979, Wars tend to be really bad for a nation unless its an overwhelming victory. So The PRC did really well not getting involved in major conflicts. In fact until recently, they weren't even that involved in major military spending, certainly not the arms race with the US that so hurt the Soviet Union. The soviets spent billions if not Trillions on supporting various communist regimes abroad as a way of fighting the US, and the PRC just...doesn't really do that.
Fifth, after Mao dies, the PRC...basically abandons any attempt to really push communism as an ideology. Now the downside of this is that the PRC has basically abandoned any real attempt to improve the quality of life for its people via goverment means and is less a communist dictatorship than a mercantilist/capitalist dictatorship. On the other hand, it means the regime is less....offensive to the west than the Soviet Union was, and its economic policies, while immoral, aren't destabilizing the way that full embrace of communism tends to be.
Sixth, they have the example of the Soviet Union to learn from. The PRC made a bunch of changes after the fall of the Soviet Union and the Tiananmen Square Massacre, basically looking at what brought down the Soviet Union and going "ok, don't let this happen here".
Seventh, the PRC hasn't had a massive economic crash the way the Soviets regularly did, in fact their economy is linked so strongly with the US economy that it means the most powerful economic super power in the world is at least partially invested in propping up the Chinese economy which really helps as far as stability goes
Eight, the PRC leadership culture seems a lot less...toxic than the Soviet. Now that does not mean that they aren't a bunch of brutal authoritarian monsters who regularly murder their allies regularly purge their own party, as far as we can tell (maybe when more records are declassified) but it doesn't seem to have the absoultely murder spree that the Soviet Leadership was into, which might have to do with the legacy of Stalin or the weirdness of the Cultural Revolution and how it brought the leadership cadre together, or maybe just some difference in how the parties were formed, but the CCP doesn't seem to be quite as willing to murder the inner circle (as far as I know)
Finally, and this is a minor point, but the PRC seems to be a lot more content with indirect colonialism outside its own borders rather than the sort of open colonization that the Soviet Union got into. The Warsaw Pact was in my mind, a major weakness of the Soviet Union because it was a constant source of instability and a rallying point for anti communists. The PRC is doing its own version of colonialism (Tibet, Xinjiang, Hong Kong, possibly Taiwan soon) as well as the standard neo Colonialism playbook in Africa, but because its either directed at groups who China has "traditionally" oppressed or is oppressing the same people in the same way as the west (Africa) it doesn't relaly provoke the same outrage (its unfair I know) the way that the Soviet occupation of all of Eastern and most of Central Europe did.
That is not a definitive list and again do not take this as absolute, but those are some theories on why the PRC is doing so much better than the Soviet Union, though lets recall, the PRC is a dictatorship. Dictatorships have a habit of seemingly doing well and then suddenly collapsing.
For the record btw, I don't think Mao was a better leader than Stalin, I think they were both pretty bad in different ways.
#ask EvilElitest2#History questions#CCP#Soviet Union#USSR#Communism#PRC#People's Republic of China#Joseph Stalin#mao zedong#Deng Xiaoping#Zhou Enlai#Gang of Four#Warsaw pact#Great Leap Forward#Cultural Revolution#WWII#Great Patriotic War#Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan#uighuar detention camps#colonalism
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覇道 vs 王道 - By Someone With Limited Knowledge and a Short Attention Span
In light of the resurgence of the terminology used in the Nintendo Dream interview regarding 3 Houses, I wanted to take a little bit of a deeper look into "Hadou" (覇道) and "Oudou" (王道).
Again.
The Kanji Breakdown
Before we get into the actual words themselves, I wanted to break out the kanji that form them. Let's start with oudou. Oudou consists of two kanji, "ou" (王) and "dou" (道). This are very basic kanji. "Ou" means "king" and "dou" means path or road. With kanji, the makeup of the kanji can often (but not always) allude to the meaning of the word it represents, in this case something akin to "King's Path".
Similarly, we have 覇道 (Hadou). We have already discussed "dou" but "ha" (覇) means supremacy (over a nation), hegemony, domination, leadership. The combination of these two kanji alludes to a meaning of "domination road" or "hegemony path".
Great, but what do the words actually mean?
That's a bit tricky, because there is a lot of history, philosophy, and cultural subtleties to understand.
At their core, "Oudou" means righteous path, righteous government, just path, kingship, rule of right; "Hadou" means military rule.
Interestingly, oudou can also refer to "classic" in regards to games like rpgs, where the prince saves the princess, that sort of thing. It can also mean "short cut" or the "easy way" but we aren't really here for those particular definitions today.
Origin of Oudou and Hadou
Finding anything in English regarding these terms has proved to be a... difficult task. From what I can understand, though, is that these words find their origin from Confucius and his philosophy.
Confucius was a Chinese philosopher born in 551 BCE, and by all accounts seems to have been an ambitious man. Ambitious to correct the world. It would take a lot to dissect Confucius’ life story, so I only want to focus on the important parts that are related to the origins of Hadou and Oudou.
Simply put, Confucius is considered the founder of Confucianism, a philosophical relating to a system of thought and behavior. It is meant to dictate a way of life, a way of governing, tradition, etc. It rests on the fundamental belief that human beings are good and teachable, and focuses on the cultivation of virtue in a morally organized world.
Confucius had been a poor man and wished to find a way to restore a kind of socio-political order that had prevailed sometime in the beginning of the Zhou dynasty. His work over his lifetime would set in motion the teaching of Confucianism.
There is a very strong focus on humanness and morality in this school of thought. Rulers must cultivate themselves in this morality, lead by moral example rather than rule of law and threat of punishment. One who cultivates themselves to a virtue that is worthy of a prince is indeed a prince, but a prince who does not cultivate himself is not worthy of being a prince. This morality include the famous “golden rule” - do not treat others as you would not want to be treated yourself.
Confucius was very focused on “virtue” in leaders and people, but the evolution of Confucianism did not end with his death. Mencius, a Confucian philosopher born in 372 BCE, often described as the ‘second sage’ (second to Confucius himself), would expand on many of these ideologies Confucius had developed.
Mencius was more aggressive in his beliefs. He believed that a ruler who forsakes ethical behavior and engages in extreme misrule can and should be removed, even executed. Mencius believed that a ruler’s success was directly tied to the leader’s ability to win the hearts and minds of the people. The ruler needed the people, and the people were the heart of the power that the ruler had. The people gave legitimacy to the ruler. AKA, the common people were the focus.
Mencius would go on to disguise the difference between 徳化, inspired by virtue, and 武力, armed force, and made a distinction between the ‘royal road’ and ‘supremacy’.
Unfortunately, there isn’t much I can find in English that really goes into depth with Hadou and Oudou from here.
Confucianism in Japan
As with many things from ancient China, Confucianism found its way into Japan and was incorporated into the culture and history of the country, and this includes the mentality surrounding the political climate.
With the very conditional perspective that Confucianism affirmed in relation to governing, it would be no surprise to anyone that the teachings circulated the ruling elite first and foremost. A wider teaching would have posed more challenges to the ones in power, after all.
There was also the famous “Mandate of Heaven”, which I won’t go into too much depth here. But, I will put the relate bit here, source linked here:
According to numerous passages in the History, if a ruler repeatedly abandoned his concern for the people, heaven would eventually give the mandate to rule to a new line, one that distinguished itself on the basis of concern for the people. In this process, the role of the people was instrumental. One passage in the History even states that heaven and the people are nearly the same: “heaven sees with the eyes of the people, and hears with the ears of the people.”
Ultimately, as with many philosophies, the ways of governing did not fully embrace these teachings, as in so much as they were adapted. If you are interested in more, go ahead and read the link, but it’s really not too important for this post. However, what is important is that eventually, the teaching did make it to Japan, and were adapted to some degree.
Modern Use in Japan
As language does, words change and adapt.
Oudou and Hadou retain a lot of of their original meanings, but they do have modern uses that go beyond their meanings of forms of ruling.
Here is the link I originally had posted long ago regarding these usages. WARNING: Japanese only.
We have already discussed some meanings of Oudou beyond the ‘right way to rule’, including ‘classic’ or ‘short cut’ or ‘the right way to do something’, and of the two has required the most new usages; however, the connotations of these words have not changed.
Hadou and Outou are antonyms of each other. Hadou is very much a negatively connotated word, used most frequently to express someone’s abuse of power.
According to this article, politics really possess both Outou and Hadou. To quote the article with a bit of translation:
Both politics have a royal side and a supremacy side. Especially in diplomacy called power games, there is a reality that we have to rely on supremacy. However, if all politics becomes a "dominance", it will become a society of weak meat and strong food, devouring this finite earth, destroying the environment and driving it to the brink of destruction.
In other words, Outou is an idealist view of how governing should work. However, realistically you need both Outou and Hadou, but too much Hadou will lead to destruction. A balance is needed.
In Relation to Three Houses
When talking about this interview, we mean this one here. Unfortunately, I’m having a hard time finding the actual Japanese version, but according to the translated version, this is said:
Kusakihara: Edelgard’s route’s theme is literally “military rule.” It’s the route where you have your own cause and convictions, and even if people you know stand in your way, you mow ‘em down. In contrast, Dimitri’s route began with the idea to make it “righteous,” the easy approach. It’s just, at the beginning, poor sensitive Dimitri ends up like that because of the circumstances… We sprinkled in juxtapositions like that.
Everyone: (laughs)
Kusakihara: Once he’s fallen, he goes through some twists and turns and awakens to the true king’s path. I wanted to write the righteous route as the conquest route’s opposite [TN: lit. “paradox”].
This is pretty self explanatory. Hadou and Outou are two different ways to rule. In according to Mencius, Outou is the virtuous, right way; Hadou is the forceful, wrong way. They are opposites, and that is exactly what Kusakihara used them for. The routes are opposites of each other. Dimitri is the ‘right way’, the way of the people, for the people, the vitreous way. Edelgard is the destructive way, the forceful way, not the way of the people.
Actually, this does really line up even with their own beliefs. Edelgard believes in a strong leadership, that everyone should pull themselves up by their bootstraps, and only those who can keep up will find themselves in power. Dimitri, however, believes rulers serve the people, are only as strong as the people, and needs the people.
Kusakihara really did put thought into it... even if the story didn’t fully deliver. But the intent was there.
ANYWAYS
Thanks for coming to my ted talk about Hadou and Oudou. I could have gone into deeper depth but... Well, I don’t want to make a super big essay.
Thanks for reading.
Yes, I took writing shortcuts.
EDIT:
YOOOOOO, thanks to @nilsh13 for linking me to the original Japanese interview!
And yeah, they use 覇道 and 王道! Excellent!
Thank you so much!
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interesting comparison in how the nytimes and wsj report on international affairs in their articles on the seoul mayoral election
new york times: Election Rout Signals a Shift in South Korea’s Political Scene
Mr. Moon was elected in 2017, filling the power vacuum created by Ms. Park’s impeachment. As a former human rights lawyer, he enthralled the nation by promising a “fair and just” society. He vehemently criticized an entrenched culture of privilege and corruption that he said had taken root while conservatives were in power, and vowed to create a level playing field for young voters who have grown weary of dwindling job opportunities and an ever-expanding income gap.
Mr. Moon spent much of his first two years in power struggling to quell escalating tension between North Korea and the United States, successfully mediating diplomacy between the two countries. He shifted more of his attention to domestic issues after the two summit meetings between North Korea’s leader, Kim Jong-un, and President Donald J. Trump failed to produce a deal on nuclear disarmament or the easing of tensions on the Korean Peninsula.
But things quickly turned sour on the home front as well.
In 2019, huge outdoor rallies erupted over accusations of forgery and preferential treatment in college and internship applications surrounding the daughter of Cho Kuk, Mr. Moon’s former justice minister and one of his closest allies.
The scandal flew in the face of Mr. Moon’s election promise of creating “a world without privilege,” and prompted outrage against the “gold-spoon” children of the elite, who glided into top-flight universities and cushy jobs while their “dirt-spoon” peers struggled to make ends meet in South Korea’s hobbled economy.
South Koreans expressed their growing cynicism over what they considered the hypocritical practices of Mr. Moon’s progressive allies with a popular saying: naeronambul. It roughly translates to, “If they do it, it’s a romance; if others do it, they call it an extramarital affair.”
Nonetheless, the Democratic Party won by a landslide in parliamentary elections last year as Mr. Moon leveraged his surging popularity around South Korea’s largely successful battle against the coronavirus. But Mr. Moon’s virus campaign has lost its luster.
In recent months, South Koreans have grown frustrated with prolonged social-distancing restrictions, a distressed economy and the government’s failure to provide vaccines fast enough. On Wednesday, the government reported 668 new coronavirus infections, the highest one-day increase in three months.
Mr. Moon’s most devastating setback came last month when officials at the Korea Land and Housing Corporation — the state developer — were accused of using privileged insider information to cash in on government housing development programs. Kim Sang-jo, Mr. Moon’s chief economic policy adviser, stepped down last month when it was revealed that his family had significantly raised the rent on an apartment in Seoul just days before the government imposed a cap on rent increases.
“People had hoped that even if they were incompetent, the Moon government would at least be ethically superior to their conservative rivals,” said Ahn Byong-jin, a political scientist at Kyung Hee University in Seoul. “What we see in the election results is the people’s long-accumulated discontent over the ‘naeronambul’ behavior of the Moon government exploding. Moon has now become a lame duck president.”
wall street journal: South Korean Conservatives Are on the Rise a Year Before Presidential Election
South Korea’s political right and left have widely different foreign-policy views. Under Mr. Moon, the government has given priority to inter-Korean cooperation, avoided zero-sum language about the U.S.-China rivalry and taken a pro-diplomacy approach that has had a “net stabilizing effect in the region,” said Jessica J. Lee, a Korea specialist at the Quincy Institute for Responsible Statecraft, a Washington-based think tank
South Korea’s conservatives in the past have taken a more confrontational stance with North Korea and expressed skepticism about China. Right-leaning presidents have also aligned more with Washington on security, showing more appetite for large-scale military exercises with the U.S. or greenlighting the installation of an American missile-defense system that angered Beijing and Pyongyang.
A right-leaning South Korean president adopting a traditional foreign-policy playbook “will likely increase tensions on the peninsula and make denuclearization less likely,” Ms. Lee said.
South Korean conservatives have lately appeared more supportive toward Washington’s growing concerns about Beijing than their liberal counterparts.
Last month, the conservative party’s chairman said South Korea should join forces with the U.S., Japan, Australia, and India—a grouping known as the Quad—to work together against an increasingly assertive China, just as U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken was visiting Seoul.
“South Korean conservatives have found their political legitimacy through Seoul’s alliance with the U.S.,” said Kim Meen-geon, a professor of politics at Kyung Hee University in Seoul.
“This now means more support for policies on China that align closer to Washington,” she said.
South Korean public opinion is firmly behind the conservatives when it comes to China, recent opinion polls show. More than 80% of South Koreans view China as a national security threat, while 60% see it as an economic threat as well, according to a poll released by the Chicago Council on Global Affairs, a think tank, this week.
the breakdown in voting patterns by gender and age is pretty interesting, with the 20-something men breaking harder for the conservative party than the 60-somethings. in large part, this has to do with a. the doubling of property prices in seoul since 2014, while wage growth has slown to 0% b. ahn cheol-soo, a south korean tech millionaire with a centrist bent (progressive domestically, hawkish in foreign policy), who previously threw his weight behind moon while the conservatives were in charge, pushed the conservative candidate this time to maintain his centrist credentials. i don’t know if this is replicable nationally. south korean conservatives seem to have rallied around the only person not tainted with the stain of the dictatorship and its corrupt apparatus, a sergio moro type named yoon seok-youl. the popular liberal candidate is gyeonggi governor and proponent of universal basic income, lee jae-myung. one thing not mentioned in any of the articles is the betrayal over lgbt rights. moon jae-in, while seen as being more conservative, was expected to shepherd an anti-discrimination bill favoured by 90% of koreans into law. instead, evangelical christians have managed to halt the process, helped by the fact that korea’s first big covid outbreak was caused by a gay man (although an even bigger outbreak was caused by evangelical protests against church restrictions). in the face of high profile suicides by trans figures, as well as the fact that this seoul election was caused by the suicide of the seoul mayor (the first lawyer to ever win a sexual harassment case and a promoter of women’s rights) over a sexual harassment scandal, leftist youth has abandoned the major centre-left parties (including the one widely seen as the biggest alternative, as the leader resigned over a sexual harassment case) in favour of numerous breakaway parties. whether these voters would return to moon’s party in a national election, especially under an economic populist, remains to be seen.
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