#Alexei Navalny in hospital

[justforbooks]

Alexei Navalny, who has died suddenly aged 47 while in prison, was Russia’s best-known campaigner against high-level corruption. For many years he was the leading critic and opponent of President Vladimir Putin and his political party, United Russia.

Repeated arrests, jail sentences and physical assaults did not deter Navalny from digging up financial scandals, which he published on his blogs and X feeds as well as YouTube. In a 2011 radio interview, he described United Russia as a “party of crooks and thieves”, which became a powerful and popular mantra on social media and at political protests.

Repression did not stop him attracting enthusiastic crowds in support of opposition politicians in local elections in cities across Russia. Occasionally he ran for office himself, most notably in 2013 for the mayoralty of Moscow, when the official result gave him 27% of the vote – which he said was rigged so as to deny him victory.

In 2016, Navalny launched a campaign for the 2018 presidential election but was barred by Russia’s central election commission due to a prior criminal conviction. In 2017 he was attacked with a spray, leaving him partially blind in one eye. In 2019 Navalny fell ill in prison, from what he claimed was poison. His most dramatic brush with death came in 2020 at the end of a political campaign trip through Siberia, when he was taken seriously ill on a flight from Tomsk to Moscow. His condition was so grave that the pilot made an emergency landing in Omsk, where he was rushed to hospital. Navalny’s wife and supporters asked for him to be taken to Germany, where they felt he would be better treated.

The Russian authorities agreed and Navalny was flown to the Charité hospital in Berlin, where toxicology tests showed traces of the nerve agent novichok in Navalny’s body. Russian officials complained that the test results were not made public nor disclosed to them. Navalny recovered and was released from hospital after a month.

He decided to convalesce for several weeks in Germany. Russian court authorities announced that if he returned late to Moscow he would be jailed for breaking the terms of a probation order. The threat was seen as a device to deter Navalny from returning to Russia in the hope, as the authorities saw it, that in exile his influence would rapidly decline.

Showing great courage, but defying the advice of his family and friends, he flew back to Moscow in January 2021, accompanied by his wife and dozens of journalists, and was arrested on landing. His Anti-Corruption Foundation promptly published on YouTube an investigation with pictures of a luxury multimillion-dollar mansion on the Black Sea, which they dubbed Putin’s palace.

Navalny’s stock had never been higher at home or abroad, and when a court gave him a two-and-a-half year sentence, western political leaders, including the US president, Joe Biden, protested openly and imposed sanctions. But Putin was determined to destroy him politically.

In 2022, Navalny was sentenced to an extra nine years after being found guilty of embezzlement and contempt of court. In 2023, he was given a further 19 years in prison on extremism charges.

Navalny was born in Butyn and grew up mainly in Obninsk, a small town south-west of Moscow. His mother, Lyudmila, worked as a lab technician in micro-electronics and then moved to a timber-processing factory. His father, Anatoly, a Ukrainian, was in the military. In addition to Russian, Alexei learned Ukrainian through spending summers with his grandmother near Kyiv. He gained a law degree (1998) at the Peoples’ Friendship University in Moscow.

In 2000 he joined the United Democratic party, known as Yabloko. Under its leader, Grigory Yavlinsky, the party stood for liberal and social democratic values. Navalny gained an economics degree at the Financial University (2001), and from 2004 to 2007 served as chief of staff of the Moscow branch of Yabloko. A charismatic speaker, he was attracted by the concept of television debates, and in 2005 founded a social movement for young people, with a name taken from the Russian word for yes, DA! – Democratic Alternative, which was active in the media.

Navalny started to move gradually to the right, and in 2007 he was expelled from Yabloko after clashing with Yavlinsky over Navalny’s increasingly nationalist and anti-immigrant views.

He then co-founded a movement known as Narod (The People), which aimed to defend the rights of ethnic Russians and restrict immigration from Central Asia and the Caucasus. A year later he joined two other Russian nationalist groupings, Movement Against Illegal Immigration (MAII) and Great Russia, in forming a new coalition called the Russian National Movement.

It made little impact and Navalny turned his attention to journalistic muckraking. His main outlet was a blog, LiveJournal. In 2010 he published leaked documents about the alleged theft by directors of millions of roubles from the pipeline company Transneft. The following year he exposed a scandalous property deal between the Russian and Hungarian governments. He decided to establish the Anti-Corruption Foundation, which continued until his death.

He also went back into electoral politics, leading street protests over unfair practices by United Russia. Navalny urged people to vote any way they liked in the 2011 parliamentary elections, including for the Communist party, so long as they voted against United Russia. He was tempted to run against Putin in the 2012 contest for the presidency, but said the ballot would be rigged. After the poll, he led several anti-Putin rallies in Moscow and was briefly arrested.

The following year Moscow was to elect its mayor. Navalny registered as one of six candidates. The next day he was sentenced to five years on embezzlement and fraud charges. Initially he called for an election boycott, but when he was released on appeal he changed his mind. Some analysts speculated that Putin wanted him to run to make the electoral contest look genuinely open. Navalny lost to the incumbent mayor and Kremlin ally Sergei Sobyanin, but claimed to have won. In 2016 he announced he would stand against Putin in the 2018 presidential contest. More arrests and repression followed.

Navalny’s nationalism put him in agreement with Putin on one major issue: Crimea. The territory had been ceded to Ukraine in 1954, but in 2014 Putin used force to reincorporate it into Russia. Navalny said he would not return it to Ukraine if he had the power to do so. Like Putin, he argued that Ukraine was an artificial construct. “I don’t see any kind of difference at all between Russians and Ukrainians,” he said, while admitting his views might provoke “horrible indignation” in Ukraine.

However, his agreement with some of Putin’s views on Ukraine did not bring him to support Putin’s invasion of Ukraine in February 2022. That March, Navalny released a statement from jail. Through his spokesman he urged Russians “to overcome their fear” and take to the streets and demand a “stop to the war” against Ukraine. He called Putin an “obviously insane tsar”. “If in order to stop the war we have to fill prisons and paddy wagons with ourselves, we will fill prisons and paddy wagons with ourselves.”

“Everything has a price, and now, in the spring of 2022, we must pay this price. There’s no one to do it for us. Let’s not ‘be against the war’. Let’s fight against the war.” At the end of 2023 he was transferred to the remote penal colony at Kharp, north of the Arctic circle.

In 2000 he married Yulia Abrosimova, and she and their daughter, Daria, and son, Zakhar, survive him.

🔔 Alexei Anatolievich Navalny, politician and anti-corruption campaigner, born 4 June 1976; died 16 February 2024

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[warningsine]

In one of the most competitive races in years, 20 Days in Mariupol won the Oscar for Best Documentary Feature tonight, earning director Mstyslav Chernov an Academy Award to go with a Pulitzer Prize.

The film from the Associated Press, PBS’ Frontline and GBH came into the night a slight favorite but faced a tough test from fellow nominees Bobi Wine: The People’s President, The Eternal Memory, Four Daughters, and To Kill a Tiger. The documentary, which premiered at last year’s Sundance Film Festival, centers on the harrowing siege of the Ukrainian port city of Mariupol in the early days of Russia’s full-scale invasion of the country. Thousands of civilians were killed in Russia’s assault.

On the Osar stage, Chernov, a native of the Ukrainian city of Kharkiv, thanked his collaborators and said, “This is the first Oscar in the Ukrainian history. And I’m honored.” But with rising emotion, he quickly added, “I’m honored, but probably I will be the first director on the [Oscar] stage who will say, I wish I would never make this film. I wish to be able to exchange this [for] Russia never attacking Ukraine, never occupying our cities.”

The Oscar audience applauded as Chernov continued, “I wish to give all the recognition to Russia not killing tens of thousands of my fellow Ukrainians. I wish for them to release all the hostages, all the soldiers who are protecting their lands, all the civilians who are now in their jails. But I cannot change the history, cannot change the past. But we all together, among you, some of the most talented people in the world, we can make sure that the history record is set straight and that the truth will prevail and that the people of Mariupol and those who have given their lives will never be forgotten. Because cinema forms memories, and memories form history. So thank you all and thank you all. Thank you Ukraine, Slava Ukraini.“

The director shared the Oscar with producers Michelle Mizner and Raney Aronson-Rath. Chernov previously won the Pulitzer for his coverage of the war in Ukraine, an assignment in which he faced the risk of death on a daily basis. Documenting the war meant leaving behind his wife and two young daughters.

20 Days in Mariupol opens with a scene of a Russian tank swiveling its gun barrel toward a hospital, where Chernov and his team looked down from an upper floor.

“Exactly in that moment in the film, this moment of uncertainty, the moment when tanks are shooting at the residential areas, when the hospital is surrounded and we are trapped, I’m thinking about my family, about my daughters, the fact that I probably will not make it out alive,” Chernov told Deadline in an interview last month.

It was the second year in a row that the Oscar winner for Best Documentary Feature winner delivered an implicit rebuke of Russian President Vladimir Putin. The 2023 victor in the category was Navalny, Daniel Roher’s film about Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny, who died last month while being held in an Arctic prison.

Billions of dollars in aid for Ukraine’s war effort against Russia have been tied up for months in Congress. President Biden made another urgent plea for passage of the aid bill during his State of the Union address last week. “If anybody in this room thinks Putin will stop at Ukraine, I assure you, he will not,” the president said. “But Ukraine can stop Putin if we stand with Ukraine and provide the weapons it needs to defend itself. That is all Ukraine is asking.”

[workersolidarity]

🇺🇸⚔️🇷🇺 🚨

U.S. PRESIDENT BIDEN SLAMS RUSSIAN PRESIDENT PUTIN AFTER FAR RIGHT-WING RUSSIAN ACTIVIST ALAXEI NAVALNY'S DEATH IN RUSSIAN PRISON

📹 🤡 U.S. Great-Grandfather and Clown in Chief President Joe Biden slams Putin over the death of Far Right-wing political activist Alexei Navalny's death in a Russian prison, using his death as an opportunity to call for more funding for Kiev's failing war in the east of the country.

The U.S. President had nothing to say about the death of the American and Chilean journalist, Gonzalo Lira, in a Ukrainian prison just weaks ago, even after publishing videos earlier in the year begging the U.S. government to intervene before he was tortured to death. Sadly, he died as a result of untreated pneumonia in a Ukrainian prison hospital.

Alexei Navalny, though supported by Western governments and raised up as an "anti-corruption" activist, especially by the United States, was known in Russia as a self-described "certified nationalist" who called Muslims "flies and cockroaches" who needed to exterminated.

Navalny was serving a prison sentence of 19 years for offenses involving "extremism", with some early sources saying he died from a blood clot, losing consciousness after taking a walk and found by prison staff soon after. Prison medical doctors pronounced Navalny dead after arriving soon after.

Kremlin spokesperson, Dimitry Peskov told reporters Friday that medical personnel with Russia's Federal Penitentiary Service (FSIN) are "taking all the steps that need to be taken in such a situation," adding that medical personnel with the FSIN were investigating Navalny's cause of death and will inform the Russian President of their results.

#source1

#source2

#videosource

@WorkerSolidarityNews

[tomorrowusa]

A documentary about Russian war crimes committed early in Putin's invasion of Ukraine is up for an Oscar.

A documentary made by three of the last journalists to escape Mariupol as Russian forces destroyed the city in spring 2022 has been nominated for an Academy Award.

The documentary “20 Days In Mariupol,” made by Mstyslav Chernov, Evgeniy Maloletka and Vasilisa Stepanenko and co-produced by Michelle Mizner and Raney Aronson-Rath of the Associated Press, was nominated in the Best Documentary Feature Film category at this year’s upcoming Oscars. The documentary tells the story of the first days of the Russian invasion of Mariupol, which is now fully controlled by Kremlin forces after a merciless assault that left tens of thousands of people dead. While Russia has blamed Ukraine for the city’s destruction, “20 Days In Mariupol” is a unique chronicle of what actually happened in the early days of Moscow’s full-scale invasion. Ukrainian citizens survived in basements, their food and water supplies cut off, while Kremlin troops bombed hospitals, theaters, and other civilian infrastructure. The 96th Academy Awards ceremony will be held on March 10 in Los Angeles. Last year, a film about imprisoned Russian dissident Alexei Navalny won in the documentary category.

Unlike "Barbie", "Oppenheimer", and "Maestro", the film “20 Days In Mariupol" can currently be viewed free online at YouTube.

After watching that, I feel Vladimir Putin should spend the rest of his days in a sealed room with a Ramsay Bolton wannabe.

Today is Day 700 of Putin's 3-day "special operation".

[shattered-pieces]

The former head of Navalny's campaign headquarters, Leonid Volkov, was attacked in his ego at home in Vilnius. This was reported by the ex-press secretary of Alexei Navalny, Kira Yarmysh. "They broke the window in his car with a hammer and sprayed tear gas in his eyes, after which the attacker began to beat Leonid with a hammer. Now Leonid is at home, the police and an ambulance are on their way to him," she wrote. After that, doctors arrived and decided to hospitalize the victim. "The news about the attack on Leonid Volkov is shocking," said the Minister of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania. "Relevant bodies are working. The guilty will have to answer for their crime," added the head of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Lithuania, Gabrielus Landsbergis. "The key risk now is that we will all be killed. Well, it's quite an obvious thing," Leonid Volkov told the publication on the evening of March 12, a few hours before the attack. In the photo: Volkov is taken to the hospital by ambulance. It is obvious that Putin and his agency have moved on from state terrorism and consider it possible to organize attacks and murders of undesirables in the countries of the European Union. We wish Leonid a speedy recovery and appropriate protection and safety measures! European law enforcement agencies should take comprehensive measures to detain and arrest all Putin agents, killers and their accomplices. The time has come to put an end to this resolutely and universally. No Putin's terror! We are not afraid and they will not intimidate us!✊🏻 UPD "The great terror of a small dictator has begun" - this is how Khristo Grozev commented on the attack on Volkov. "Activists, journalists and just free-thinking people - be careful. Do not be afraid, but be careful. Don't make it easier for brainless bandits," Grozev added on X social networks.

[ruminativerabbi]

Heroes

I was troubled, but also very moved, by the death of Alexei Navalny, the personality at the core of the resistance movement in Russia struggling to oppose the dictatorial and oppressive policies of the Putin regime. What exactly happened is not at all clear. At the time of his death, Navalny was imprisoned in a penal colony in Western Siberia in a place called Yamalo-Nenets near the Arctic Circle. According to the warden, he was taking a walk just two weeks ago after telling some guards that he didn’t feel at all well. And then he collapsed. The prison authorities claim to have done all they could to resuscitate him, but were, they said, regretfully unsuccessful, as result of which regretted unsuccess he was dead by mid-afternoon. His body was then held for well over a week and then finally released to his family for burial. And so ended the life of one of the world’s true heroes, a man who not only put his life on the line to stand up for his beliefs, but who personally embodied the struggle for human rights in today’s Russia. Yehi zikhro varukh. May his memory be a blessing for his co-citizens in Russia and for us all.

There’s a lot to say about Navalny, but the detail—one among many—that is particularly resonant with me has to do with his return to Russia in 2021, an act that was as noble as it was death-defying. By 2021, of course, Navalny had a long history of being a thorn—and an especially sharp one at that—in the side of Vladimir Putin. He had led countless demonstrations against the Putin government. He repeatedly accused, certainly correctly, Putin of engineering his own victories whenever he stood for re-election as Russia’s president. And he openly opposed the war against Ukraine.

Navalny tried several times to gain a foothold in the bureaucracy he so mistrusted. He ran for mayor of Moscow in 2013. And then he ran for president of Russia in 2018, a move that was in and of itself daring given that he had previously been found guilty of embezzlement, which detail would normally have disqualified him from running for elected office despite the fact that there appears to be no reason to think that the verdict was just or reasonable. But the real reason Navalny was such a problem for Putin was that he appeared to be unfazed by the forces of government, including the Russian judiciary, that were openly and brazenly arrayed against him. And so the government eventually took matters to a new level.

In 2020, on a flight to Moscow, Navalny took ill and ended up on a ventilator in the Siberian city of Omsk, where his airplane had been obliged to make an emergency landing. It didn’t take doctors long to realize that he had been poisoned. (It later came out that his clothing, including his underwear, had somehow been suffused with the Novichok nerve agent, a poison known to have been used by Russia in the past to murder dissidents abroad.) Eventually, the German government, acting unilaterally, sent an airplane to Omsk to bring Navalny to Germany. Amazingly, this actually worked. And it was in Berlin that doctors at the famous Charité Hospital determined with certainty that Navalny had been the victim of an unsuccessful attempt on his life and that he had definitely been poisoned. Remarkably, his life was saved and he recovered. And then, in January of 2021, he returned to Russia.

Because Navalny had been convicted in a 2014 trial that was almost certainly politically motivated and unjust, he had theoretically been forbidden to leave Russia even for medical treatment. And so was he arrested at the Moscow airport upon his return to Russia and imprisoned to await a judge’s decision about his future. And it was just a month after that, in February of 2021, that a Moscow judge decreed that his suspended sentence, minus time served, would be replaced with an unsuspended one and that Navalny would have to serve two and a half years in a Russian prison. He was sent to one prison, then to another. Eventually, the government determined that it did not want to face a freed Navalny in less than three years and so began new proceedings against him again, this time charging him with fraud and contempt of court. In March of 2022, just two years ago, he was found guilty of all charges and sentenced to nine years in a maximum security prison. And then, because even nine years was apparently not long enough, Navalny was put on trial again last summer and sentenced to an addition nineteen years on extremism charges. And so he ended up in the Arctic Circle prison in which he died two weeks ago at the age of forty-seven.

Navalny’s is a long, complicated story. But the one detail that stands out to me, the single part of the story that is the most resonant with me—and with my lifelong interest in the concept of heroism—has to do with Navalny’s decision in January 2021 to leave safety in Berlin and return to Russia. He had every reason to expect that he would be arrested upon return. He had no reason to suppose that any future trials to which he would be subjected would be just. He surely knew not to expect clemency or mercy from Vladimir Putin, the man behind all the juridical procedures overtly and unabashedly designed to silence him. And yet he chose to return—not specifically, I’m sure, because he wanted to die or because he wanted to participate in yet another crooked trial, but because he saw himself as a moral human being who had been granted the opportunity to inspire his co-citizens to demand justice and freedom for themselves and for their nation.

 I’ve written in this space, although not too recently, about my boundless admiration for Dietrich Bonhoeffer, the German pastor who was safe and sound in New York when the Second World War broke out, but who made the noble (and eventually fatal) decision to return to Germany and there to try to inspire people to resist Nazism and to turn away from the path of ruinous and fascist barbarism down which the Nazi government was intent on leading the nation. (To revisit my comments about Bonhoeffer from 2011, click here.) Here was, in my eyes, a true hero: a man fully committed to his own ideals who made the conscious decision to leave the safe haven he had already found and to travel to a land that would probably, and which eventually did, kill him. To me, that decision to risk everything to attempt, even quixotically, to do good in the world represents the essence of heroism. It came to naught, of course. He did a lot of good for a lot of people, but, in the end, he paid the big price. On April 8, 1945, just a month before the end of the war, Bonhoeffer was tried on the single charge of treason in a court set up in the Flossenbürg concentration camp. There were no witnesses. No evidence against him was brought forward, nor was a transcript of the proceedings made. He was found guilty, apparently on Hitler’s personal order, and executed the next day in a way that was specifically intended to maximize his personal degradation and agony. (Eric Till’s 2000 movie, Bonhoeffer: Agent of Grace, is a worthy attempt to tell Bonhoeffer’s story even if the director couldn’t quite bring himself to depict the barbarism of Bonhoeffer’s final moments in any detail, let alone explicitly. For a more detailed account of his life, I recommend Eric Metaxas’s 2020 biography, Bonhoeffer: Pastor, Prophet, Martyr, Spy, which I read a few years ago and enjoyed immensely.)

So, two men who lived scores of years apart, who spoke different languages, who came from different countries. One, a political man fully engaged by the political process. The other, a man of God fully in the thrall of his own calling to preach God’s word in the world and to inspire others to seek justice and to act righteously. But both heroes in my mind—both fully safe in a place their tormentors could not reach them and yet both of whom made the decision to return to their separate homelands to seek out in those places the destiny to which each felt called. Would I have left New York in 1939 or Berlin in 2021 to risk my own life to follow the destiny I perceived to be my own? I’d like to think I would have. Who wouldn’t? But we don’t all have it in us to act that boldly, to risk everything to be ourselves fully and in the most noble way possible. To be a man in full—or a woman in full—is never quite as easy in real life as it sounds as though it should be on paper. And that is why I admire those two men, Bonhoeffer in his day and Navalny in ours—and their willingness not merely to talk the talk, but truly—and at their own mortal peril—to walk the walk. May they both rest in peace!

[songsofprotestpeacerevolution]

Pussy Riot — MAMA, DON’T WATCH TV / МАМА, НЕ СМОТРИ ТЕЛЕВИЗОР (ANTI - WAR SONG)

(Until I can find an unblocked by youtube version, you will have to click on the watch on youtube in the above)

STATEMENT This song is our statement against the war that Putin started in Ukraine. 

On 24th February 2022 Russia began a wide scale military attack on Ukraine. Russian bombs and rockets destroyed Ukrainian homes, schools, hospitals, wrecking towns and destroying lives. We believe that Putin’s regime is a terrorist regime, and Putin himself, his officials, generals and propagandists are war criminals. 

The chorus is based on the words of a captured Russian conscript soldier who, in a telephone conversation with his mother, said "Mom, there are no Nazis here, don't watch TV." Russian propaganda daily poisons the hearts of people with hatred. 

Those who oppose Putin are imprisoned, poisoned with military poisons and killed. The tradition of political poisoning for more than 100 years, "laboratory x" - the first laboratory of military poisons created by the NKVD. Opposition figures of anti-government movements became victims of the "experiments". Putin and the FSB are proud of this "tradition" and continue it: Alexander Litvinenko, Sergei Skripal, Vladimir Kara-Murza, Pyotr Verzilov, Alexei Navalny. 

Russia has continued its military aggression on the territory of Ukraine since 2014, when Russian troops annexed Crimea and began the occupation of the Donbass region. Every day since then Ukraine has had to fight for the right to live and for freedom, fight to guarantee its sovereignty. 

During all these years, the international community has looked for compromise and conducted business with Russia, at the same time sponsoring Putin’s cruel war. The Kremlin receives billions of Euros from the sale of oil and gas and each day this money converts into Ukrainian blood. 

We call for: 1. An EMBARGO on the purchase of Russian oil and gas, on the sale of weapons and police ammunition to Russia. 2. ARREST the western bank accounts and property of Russian officials and oligarchs and introduce personal sanctions against them. 3. An INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNAL to try Vladimir Putin, employees of Russian state propaganda, army officers and everyone who is responsible for the genocide of the Ukrainian nation. Мы обращаемся к тем, кто в России: Пожалуйста, не участвуйте в этой войне! Не берите повестки, не ходите в военкоматы, не слушайте пропаганду! Каждый жест против этой войны важен.

[generallemarc]

Something I wonder about

I once ran into a very bitter Ukrainian on this site who, while her bitterness was entirely justified and understandable, nevertheless used it to make some incredibly bigoted statements about Russians. Apparently it was their fault they were under a dictatorship, because that's definitely how dictatorships work. And apparently they all full-throatedly supported launching missiles at hospitals, and the thousands of dissidents beaten and arrested for the crime of peacefully protesting just didn't exist. In particular, this person hated Alexei Navalny, rejecting the idea that he could've regretted his decade-old statements on Crimea and making him out to be just as bad as Putin. I wonder how they feel about Zelenskyy praising him as a hero now that he's dead.

[mariacallous]

Vladimir Rumyantsev, a 61-year-old boiler worker and an amateur radio operator in Vologda, set up a home broadcast station so that he could listen to content remotely while he took walks near his home. After February 24, when Russia invaded Ukraine, he started to broadcast anti-war content from various sources, including Meduza. Though it’s not clear than any of Rumyantsev’s neighbors ever tuned into his DIY station (whose broadcast range was just several hundred feet around his home), police officers arrested him this summer and charged him with spreading “deliberately false information” about the Russian armed forces. On December 23, a judge sentenced him to three years in prison.

A Vologda court sentenced 61-year-old Vladimir Rumyantsev, who works as a stoker, to three years in prison on charges of spreading “fakes” about the Russian army.

Rumyantsev was found guilty of spreading fakes “for reasons related to political hatred or enmity related to any social group.” 

According to the judge, Rumyantsev posted six video clips “with deliberately false information about representatives of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation on the territory of Ukraine looting, killing, and raping civilians, and destroying hospitals, maternity hospitals, schools, and kindergartens” on his VKontakte page. In addition, during a week in April 2022, he “broadcast on a certain radio frequency” similar “known false information.”

The news outlet Sever.Realii reports that Rumyantsev has worked his whole life in various roles at factories; he was also a trolley-bus operator and, more recently, a boiler worker. One of his hobbies is radio engineering; a few years ago, he started broadcasting on his own frequency. His radio transmitter, which he bought on AliExpress, broadcasts a signal a few dozen meters (several hundred feet) from his apartment. Before the full-scale war, Rumyantsev rebroadcast music and radio plays, but after February 24, he started to send out political material from anti-war channels — including Meduza, Radio Liberty, and Ekho Moskvy.

Rumyantsev created his own radio station for himself, so that he could listen to broadcasts while taking walks near his home. In court, he emphasized that the station was “only the result of attempts to wire my own apartment for radio.” It’s unclear whether anyone besides Rumyantsev tuned in to his frequency — the investigation couldn’t find a single other listener among residents of neighboring buildings.

Radio Liberty claims that Rumyantsev informally named his radio station Radio Vovan. Speaking on the podcast “Hi, You’re a Foreign Agent,” journalist Sonya Groysman said that he put a Vovan Media logo on videos uploaded to his YouTube channel.

Rumyantsev maintains his innocence, but he did not hide in his testimony the fact that he feels “extremely negative” about Russian authorities’ actions and about Vladimir Putin’s decision to invade Ukraine.

Prosecutors asked the judge to sentence Rumyantsev to six years in prison, calling him “politically unreliable” and highlighting that he has attended protests in support of opposition politician Alexey Navalny and been fined twice, for a total of 60,000 rubles (around $850 USD), for “discrediting” the army. 

The police arrested Rumyantsev in the summer, and he’s been in jail ever since. According to the court’s ruling, one day in pretrial detention counts for two in prison, meaning that Rumyantsev’s prison term will end in late 2024. His defense attorneys say they plan to appeal the verdict, pointing out that the only evidence in the case was a linguistic examination carried out by an expert hired by the police; the court ignored the defense’s request for an independent examination.

Rumyantsev is the fourth person to receive prison time under Russia’s new ban on “fakes.” Of the previous three, two were politicians. In May, Alexey Gorinov, a municipal deputy from Moscow’s Krasnoselsky District, was sentenced to seven years behind bars. In early December, the former head of the same municipal council, Ilya Yashin, was sentenced to eight and a half years. Another sentence — of two and a half years — was handed out to Alexander Tarapon, a resident of the Crimean city of Alushta, who hung a sign reading “Here lives a war criminal” on the gates of a relative who served in Russia’s National Guard.

The news outlet OVD-Info reports that there has been a total of 124 felony cases concerning “disinformation” in Russia this year. The courts have not yet heard the majority of them. The most common punishment in cases that have reached judges is community service.

[quotesfrommyreading]

Pressure on social media companies dates back to 2015, when a law came into force obliging them to store the personal data of Russian users on Russian territory and giving the government the power to fine them, or close them down, for not doing so. None of the Western companies have complied, which led to the closure of LinkedIn in 2016. Google, Meta and Twitter have collectively been fined more than $600,000 since the start of 2020.

It was in 2016 that requests from the Russian government to Google to remove videos from YouTube and to block certain search results began to rapidly increase. The company's transparency reports show that over the last 10 years it has received more such requests from Russia than the rest of the world combined - Google says a third of them relate to "national security".

Like the other Western companies, Google complies with some Russian requests but not with others.

Efforts to control the spread of undesirable information on social media accelerated further in early 2021, after the return of Alexei Navalny to Russia from hospital in Germany, where he had been treated for poisoning with the chemical weapon Novichok.

Navalny was immediately arrested, leading to unsanctioned protests in Moscow, St Petersburg and other cities, which supporters widely advertised on social media.

This prompted angry complaints from Roskomnadzor. The posts were quickly removed from the third most popular social network in Russia, VKontakte (or VK.com), owned at that point by oligarch Alisher Usmanov, the former Arsenal football club shareholder.

But Western social networks were less accommodating, so Roskomnadzor started taking them to court and fining them.

Its next step, in March, was to slow down traffic on Twitter, for its refusal to delete these and other posts. Pictures and videos, in particular, became slower to load.

And later in the year it persuaded Google and Apple to remove from their stores a tactical voting app, designed to help Navalny sympathisers unite behind a single candidate in local elections, thereby maximising the chance of defeating the candidate of the ruling United Russia party.

The head of Navalny's team, Ivan Zhdanov, denounced the companies for what he described as "a shameful act of political censorship".

He later tweeted part of a letter from Apple, which pointed out that prosecutors had said the app was enabling illegal "interference in elections" and that media regulator Roskomnadzor had warned the company that it was promoting an "extremist organisation"

  —  How Russia tries to censor Western social media

[fredborges98]

Alexei Nalvany* - mais um soco no estômago na política externa brasileira!

*Prêmio da Paz de Dresden ou "Angstgegner"; um "adversário de dar medo" para o presidente Vladimir Putin.

Baseado no artigo da agência de notícias DW de Roman Goncharenko | Jens Thurau de 12/05/2024.

Por: Fred Borges

Ex- Coordenador e Professor do Curso de Graduação em Relações Internacionais da Estácio de Sá e da UNIFACS.

A política externa brasileira do atual governo se prostituiu para ditadores e ditaduras.

Condizente com o perfil totalitário, corrupto do atual presidente e seus diplomatas da esquerda maldita.

O Itamaraty se tornou uma pocilga de porcos prontos para o abate.

Essa política privilegia ditaduras e ditadores como Putin.

A Rússia se tornou uma ditadura onde grupos extremistas do Deep State se aproveitam dos benefícios de uma legitimidade imoral que persegue, aprisiona, faz " desaparecer" pessoas que se opõe ao governo.

Um desses opositores, como de costume foi " desaparecido" e muitos outros irão ser " desaparecidos"!

Seu nome: Alexei Nalvany.

Navalny, nascido em 1976, durante anos chamou a atenção para a corrupção e os abusos no seu país natal e assim ganhou fama em todo o mundo. Ele sobreviveu a um atentado contra sua vida e ainda retornou ao seu país de origem.

Como blogueiro, Navalny alcançou milhões de pessoas, especialmente russos mais jovens, com seu humor sutil. Lutou contra a corrupção no país e contra o governo de Vladimir Putin. Ao fazer isso, ele fez muitos inimigos poderosos. O Kremlin fez tudo o que pôde para mantê-lo fora da política. No entanto, Navalny conseguiu organizar os seus seguidores em todo o país.

Navalny iniciou sua carreira como empresário e advogado. No final da década de 1990, quando tinha vinte e poucos anos, juntou-se ao partido liberal de esquerda "Yabloko", mas foi expulso em 2007 devido a conflitos com a liderança, mas também por causa das suas opiniões nacionalistas. Posteriormente participou ativamente de um movimento dessa tendência, por isso também gerou polêmica nos meios de oposição.

Seu envenenamento em 2020 atraiu ampla atenção internacional. Navalny foi levado de avião para Berlim, onde foi tratado com sucesso no famoso hospital Charité e sobreviveu. Ele culpou o serviço secreto interno russo e Putin pessoalmente pela tentativa de assassinato contra ele. Mesmo assim, quando se recuperou, decidiu retornar à Rússia.

Ele foi detido no aeroporto de Moscou e posteriormente condenado a 19 anos de prisão. Ele disse que não se arrepende de ter voltado. Em dezembro de 2023, ele foi considerado desaparecido por várias semanas. Mais tarde foi revelado que ele havia sido levado para um campo de prisioneiros no norte da Sibéria. Ele já suspeitava que iriam mantê-lo isolado antes das eleições presidenciais de março deste ano. Como esperado, Putin foi "reeleito".

Eloqüente mesmo no tribunal.

O opositor queixava-se repetidamente da violação dos seus direitos na prisão. No final, Navalny também aproveitou as audiências judiciais para criticar duramente o sistema autoritário de Putin e a guerra de Moscovo contra a Ucrânia. Alexei Navalny travou uma batalha desigual. Semanas após a sua morte, o próprio Putin confirmou que os preparativos para uma troca de detidos tinham começado pouco antes. Por que isso não ocorreu ainda não está claro. Nem se isso for realmente verdade.

A Rússia continua a lutar brutalmente contra os críticos.

Mesmo após a morte de Navalny, o regime russo continua a usar de grande brutalidade contra os críticos.

Os apoiantes britânicos de Navalny expressaram recentemente preocupação com a saúde de um dos colaboradores mais próximos do falecido opositor, Vladimir Kara-Mursa. O homem, de 42 anos, foi condenado a 25 anos de prisão em abril de 2023 por “alta traição”. Ele já havia acusado a Rússia de “crimes de guerra” na Ucrânia durante um discurso nos Estados Unidos. É a pena de prisão mais longa alguma vez imposta a um crítico de Putin. Tal como Navalny, a sua família e advogados afirmam que o serviço secreto russo tentou envenená-lo em 2015 e 2017. Desde então, ele tem sofrido graves problemas de saúde.

"Navalny tornou-se um perigo para Putin".

A associação Amigos de Dresden Alemanha, que atribui o prémio, explica a sua escolha da seguinte forma: "Navalny repetidamente colocou o dedo na ferida da ditadura russa e tornou-se o maior perigo para Putin e o seu regime. É por isso que ele se tornou" numa posição política prisioneiro cuja morte representa as inúmeras pessoas que estão comprometidas com a liberdade e a democracia na Rússia."

O prémio pretende também comemorar todos os anos o bombardeamento de Dresden pelos aliados a 13 de fevereiro de 1945, há 79 anos, tentando contrariar a apropriação do aniversário pela extrema direita.

O que dizer sobre o governo e a política externa brasileira?

No mesmo paralelo, estava recebendo ou oferecendo honras de chefe de Estado ditadores, e como sempre faz levando vantagem em tudo que faz, estava, o analfabeto funcional na sua quinta reciclagem com governantes e ditadores da esquerda, com as respectivas temáticas:

Cuba.Como se tornar um ditador milionário de esquerda.

Rússia. Como implantar o terror.

Venezuela.Como distribuir a pobreza.

Colômbia.Como ser um terrorista- presidente.

Nicarágua( EAD).Como matar 100% da oposição.

Todos com certificado de pós-graduação.

Nada mal, para a pocilga chamada Itamaraty!

Só resta aos brasileiros que ainda têm coragem e são realmente patriotas perguntar:

Quem será nosso Angstgegner?

Se tiver para nascer, esqueçam, não se iludam, pois se depender das escolas públicas ou privadas de Relações Internacionais onde diplomatas institucionais ou empresariais são formados ou qualquer escola, academia, instituição pública ou privada de ensino fundamental, médio ou superior, pela qualidade do que é ensinado jamais teremos líderes capazes de desafiar ladrões ou corruptos!

[panelki]

Lithuania Says Russian Special Services Involved in Volkov Attack Lithuania on Thursday said it suspects Russian special services were behind an attack on Russian opposition figure Leonid Volkov earlier this week and called the incident an act of "political terrorism." Volkov, a close ally of late Russian opposition activist Alexei Navalny, was briefly admitted to the hospital after he was repeatedly struck with a hammer outside his home in Vilnius late Tuesday. Read more | Subscribe to our channel

[russianprotesters]

https://t.me/sotavisionmedia/26384

Artist Elena Osipova went on a picket in memory of Alexei Navalny and was detained 77-year-old artist Elena Osipova held a picket in Catherine Square with a poster in memory of Alexei Navalny, after which she was detained by police and taken away in an unknown direction. Elena Osipova is a famous St. Petersburg artist. Despite her advanced age, she vehemently opposes the war and regularly comes out with artistic posters and paintings that she draws herself. In May 2023, Elena Osipova was hospitalized at the Mariinsky Hospital with a stroke.

[swldx]

BBC 0432 23 Feb 2024

12095Khz 0359 23 FEB 2024 - BBC (UNITED KINGDOM) in ENGLISH from TALATA VOLONONDRY. SINPO = 55445. English, ID@0359z pips and newsroom preview. @0401z World News anchored by Neil Nunes. An American company has made history by becoming the first commercial outfit to put a spacecraft on the Moon. Houston-based Intuitive Machines landed its Odysseus robot near the lunar south pole. A massive fire has killed at least four people in a high-rise residential block in the Spanish city of Valencia, emergency services say. The blaze engulfed a 14-storey block in the Campanar neighbourhood and spread to an adjoining building. Firefighters were seen rescuing people from balconies, and nineteen are believed to be still missing. US President Joe Biden has held a private, emotional meeting with the widow and daughter of Alexei Navalny in California, as his administration prepared to announce fresh sanctions against Russia over the death of the Kremlin opposition leader. South Korea raised its health alert to the highest level on Friday after a mass walkout by trainee doctors this week, while the prime minister said public hospitals would extend working hours to respond to growing strains on the medical system. Almost two-thirds of the country's young doctors have walked off the job to protest a government plan to admit more students to medical schools, forcing hospitals to turn away patients and cancel procedures, and raising fears about further disruption to the medical system should the dispute drag on. The head of the embattled U.N. agency that assists Palestinian refugees warned Thursday that it is at a "breaking point," and its ability to assist millions of Palestinians is "seriously threatened." "It is with profound regret that I must now inform you that the Agency has reached breaking point, with Israel’s repeated calls to dismantle UNRWA and the freezing of funding by donors at a time of unprecedented humanitarian needs in Gaza," Commissioner General Philippe Lazzarini wrote in a letter to the president of the U.N. General Assembly. Without new funding, he said UNRWA’s operations across the region will be severely compromised starting in March. President Macky Sall says April 2 will be the end of his mandate as president of Senegal. But he also said that first, a national dialogue is needed before setting up a new presidential election date. France’s Interior Minister has asked for a Tunisian imam to be stripped of his French residence permit, after authorities were alerted to his anti-French preaching. Interior Minister Gerarld Darmanin said that Mahjoub Mahjoubi, an imam in Bagnols-sur-Céze, near Avignon, in the south of France, would be deported to Tunisia. Kiwi recovering in New Zealand due to conservation efforts. @0406z "The Newsroom" begins. Backyard fence antenna w/MFJ-1020C active antenna (used as a preamplifier/preselector), Etón e1XM. 250kW, beamAz 315°, bearing 63°. Received at Plymouth, MN, United States, 15359KM from transmitter at Talata Volonondry. Local time: 2159.

[siddysthings]

Navalny’s body found bruised in Arctic morgue

[notihatillo]

NotiHatillo

El Hatillo, 18 de Febrero del 2024

Buenos días y feliz Domingo, nuestro diario resumen de noticias llega a ustedes gracias a @NotiHatillo /Alcaldía de El Hatillo /Redes Sociales

TITULARES

MUNICIPALES

- Servicios El Hatillo destapó mediante uso de un equipo Vactor las tanquillas de la vía del Seminario que mantenían la misma con una laguna de aguas negras, de igual manera en la Lagunita se procedio también a destapar bocas de visita y tanquillas que se encontraban obstruidas.

- Vecinos, en esta temporada de sequía es vital evitar incendios de vegetación y reportar cualquier inicio de fuego en el municipio para evitar su expansión, del mismo modo si observan a personas sospechosas iniciando fuegos reportarlo a @PoliciaHatillo

"Mantengamos nuestro municipio verde"

- Policía Municipal de El Hatillo continúa sancionando con cepos a vehículos mal estacionados, estas medidas sirven para crear conciencia ciudadana en los conductores.

NACIONALES

- Rocío San Miguel lleva una semana detenida por el Gobierno de Maduro.

- Grupo de mujeres emprende una campaña para exigir la libertad de la activista Rocío San Miguel

- Ni sus abogados ni el cónsul español han logrado reunirse con Rocío.

- Nelson Piñero activista de Encuentro Ciudadano, cumple 88 días detenido arbitrariamente

- Por qué se habla de desaparición forzada tras el arresto de Rocío San Miguel. Abogados recalcan que el delito se configura cuando se desconoce paradero y condiciones del detenido.

- ONG Foro Penal: hay 19 mujeres presas políticas en el país.

- Hermana del capitán Ányelo Heredia denuncia su desaparición forzada desde hace 63 días.

- Ex presidente Pepe Mujica:"Venezuela tiene un gobierno autoritario, se lo puede llamar dictador”.

- Fabricantes venezolanos de lubricantes proponen actualizar marco jurídico

- Contrabandistas venezolanos fueron interceptados con millonario cargamento de cocaína en Puerto Rico

- La idea del chavismo para “atacar” la escasez de agua en Falcón… entregar tobos vacíos a la comunidad.

- Expulsión del personal de la Oficina del Alto Comisionado de la ONU aumenta desprotección de las víctimas

- Menores de edad podrán optar por licencias de conducir de tercer grado

- Administración de Maduro ratificó vigencia de acuerdo firmado en 1966 para resolver disputa con Guyana

- Trabajadores despedidos de PDVSA demandan a la petrolera en EEUU

INTERNACIONALES

- Israel anunció la detención de más de un centenar de terroristas de Hamas en el Hospital Naser al sur de Gaza

- Netanyahu interrumpe las conversaciones sobre la tregua en Gaza por las "delirantes" exigencias de Hamás.

- Rusia guarda silencio sobre la muerte de Navalni y rechaza las críticas

- Todo el mundo piensa que Navalni fue asesinado por su condición de ferreo opositor a Putin.

- "Putin lo mató", dice el equipo de Navalni tras recibir su madre el certificado de defunción. Acusa a Rusia de retener sus restos para “cubrir sus huellas”.

- Se han producido algunas detenciones en Moscú y San Petersburgo por gente que protestaba por la muerte de Navalny.

- Agentes de policía detienen a un hombre que depositaba flores para Alexei Navalny en un monumento a las víctimas de la represión política en San Petersburgo

- Tucker Carlson, criticado por elogiar a Putin antes de la muerte de Navalny: “El liderazgo requiere matar gente”.!!!!!!

- La Corte Internacional de Justicia ha rechazado la solicitud de Sudáfrica de que emita medidas provisionales adicionales contra Israel por la operación en Rafah.

- Rusia dice que ha tomado control total de Avdiivka tras retiro de fuerzas ucranianas

- G7 reafirma apoyo político, militar y financiero a Ucrania y recuerda a Navalni

- Panamá prevé que este año la cifra de migrantes irregulares será superior a 2023

- Biden llamó a Zelenski para garantizar su apoyo ante la inacción del Congreso de EE.UU.

- Borrell se reúne con los líderes de Serbia y Kosovo para instarlos a normalizar relaciones

- Bogotá, en alerta por atracos contra restaurantes

- Ecuador anuló su decisión de suministrar armamento ruso a EEUU

- El juez Arthur Engoron concedió a los fiscales la multa que pedían y amonestó al expresidente por no mostrar remordimientos.

- Trump promueve calzado deportivo de su marca y perfumes por 399 dólares tras multas millonarias.

- Petro asegura que Panam Sports "se burló" de Colombia al retirarle los Panamericanos

- Wang Yi: "Quienes buscan excluir a China para reducir riesgos cometen un error histórico".

- El ministro chino de Asuntos Exteriores, Wang Yi, afirmó: "La economía mundial es como un gran océano que no puede ser dividido en lagos aislados. La tendencia hacia la globalización económica no puede revertirse".

- La gente que estaba desinformada pero tiene la voluntad de conocer, está descubriendo muchas cosas de los palestinos, Gaza y Hamás

- De repente descubren que Gaza, que está habitada por 2 millones de personas, tenía 36 hospitales. Hay países árabes con 30 millones de ciudadanos y no tienen este número de hospitales.

- De repente descubren que Gaza recibía agua, electricidad, gas y combustible de forma gratuita de Israel

- De repente descubren que Gaza recibía 30 millones de dólares al mes sólo de @Qatar, 120 millones de dólares al mes de la @UNRWA, 50 millones de dólares al mes de la Unión Europea de @JosepBorrellF y 30 millones de dólares al mes de Estados Unidos.

- Hay montones de países ahogados en deudas y no encuentran a nadie que les ayude, ni siquiera con un millón de dólares.

- De repente descubren que Gaza no estaba “bloqueada” y que entraban en ella todas las mercancías, así como extranjeros. Sus residentes viajaban a Egipto y de allí al resto del mundo.

- De repente descubren que las escuelas, hospitales y mezquitas de Gaza son cuarteles del terrorismo organizado y almacenes de municiones con túneles subterráneos de Hamás.

- De repente descubren que en Gaza hay un “metro” subterráneo de Hamás que se extiende a lo largo de cientos de kilómetros. Más largo que el metro de Madrid y construido durante 18 años bajo las narices de agencias, cooperantes y periodistas, que no alertaron ni denunciaron, y sufragado con ayuda humanitaria donada irresponsablemente por países occidentales.

- De repente descubren que los supuestos médicos y profesores de Gaza resultaron ser terroristas activos de Hamás.

- De repente descubren que en las habitaciones de los niños de los hogares de Gaza se guardan cohetes y morteros.

- De repente descubrieron que los llamados “activistas por la paz”, “cooperantes” y “trabajadores de organizaciones internacionales de derechos humanos” de la @UN, la @ICRC y la @WHO resultaron ser terroristas palestinos a sueldo de esos organismos o extranjeros que aceptaron la colaboración activa o pasiva con el terrorismo islamista.

- De repente descubrieron que cada uno de los líderes de Hamás es multimillonario, con un patrimonio neto de varios millones de dólares cada uno.

- Video viral de un Ovni fue captado por un piloto en Sudamérica

- El príncipe Enrique está dispuesto a desempeñar funciones reales de manera temporal

- Rusia está intentando desarrollar un arma espacial nuclear para destruir satélites

- WhatsApp permitirá transferir la propiedad de un canal a otra persona

- Jeff Bezos sorprende al mercado con su tercera venta millonaria de acciones de Amazon

- Subastan guión de la "Guerra de las Galaxias" de Harrison Ford por más de 12.000 euros

DEPORTES

- Alcaraz cae sin discusión ante Jarry en Buenos Aires

- MLB: Houston inicia sus entrenamientos con la presencia de José Altuve

- Pablo Sandoval El “Panda”, vuelve a Gigantes de San Francisco como invitado fuera de roster

- Oro mundial de 50 m libre para el ucraniano Bujov, crítico de la presencia rusa en París 2024

- Dani Alves: recluso lo traiciona y detalla el plan que tenía para fugarse

- El PSG ganó 2-0 en Nantes con un gol del 'suplente' Mbappé.

- El Barça se impone 2-1 al Celta de Vigo con gol de último momento de Lewandowski.

TAL DÍA COMO HOY

3102 a.C. según el astrónomo indio Varaja Mijira (505-587), comienza la era kali yuga (que durará 432.000 años).

750 la dinastía abasí se hace con el control del islam tras asesinar a casi todos los miembros de la dinastía omeya.

1229 en Palestina, durante la Sexta Cruzada, Federico II, emperador del Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico, firma una tregua de diez años con al-Kamil, recuperando Jerusalén, Nazaret y Belén sin ninguna lucha ni apoyo del papado.

1478 en la Torre de Londres es ejecutado en privado Jorge, duque de Clarence, procesado por traición contra su hermano mayor Eduardo IV de Inglaterra.

1519 en La Habana (Cuba), Hernán Cortés con una flota de once naves y un millar de hombres emprende su gran expedición para conquistar México.

1685 en Estados Unidos, los franceses establecen el fuerte Saint Louis en la bahía de Matagorda, lo que más adelante fue la base del reclamo de Francia sobre el territorio de Texas.

1701 Felipe de Anjou llega a Madrid y tiene una gran acogida por parte del pueblo, que quiere coronarle rey de España.

1797 la isla sudamericana de Trinidad se rinde ante una flota británica comandada por Sir Ralph Abercromby.

1800 cerca de Malta, la escuadra inglesa de Horatio Nelson derrota a la francesa.

1806 en París se acuerda la construcción del Arco del Triunfo, en memoria del Ejército napoleónico.

1814 en Francia tiene lugar la batalla de Montereau.

1819 en una «herradura» del río Tercero, cerca de la localidad argentina de Marcos Juárez (provincia de Córdoba) las fuerzas unitarias al mando del coronel Juan Bautista Bustos libran la Batalla de La Herradura, contra las fuerzas federales de Estanislao López.

1841 en Estados Unidos tienen lugar las primeras maniobras dilatorias en el senado nacional (hasta el 11 de marzo de este año).

1841 en San Salvador, ciudad capital de El Salvador, una Asamblea Constituyente aprueba la primera Constitución de El Salvador como Estado soberano e independiente de la República Federal de Centroamérica.

1861 en Italia, con la unificación casi completa, Víctor Manuel II (de Piamonte-Cerdeña) asume el título de rey de Italia.

1861 en Montgomery (Alabama), Jefferson Davis es nombrado presidente provisional de los Estados Confederados de América.

1878 en Nuevo México (Estados Unidos) comienza la Guerra del Condado Lincoln.

1880 en España, el gobierno publica la ley que dispone la abolición de la esclavitud en Cuba.

1885 en Estados Unidos, Mark Twain publica Las aventuras de Huckleberry Finn.

1900 en Berlín se constituye el Comité para la Investigación del Cáncer, bajo la presidencia del internista berlinés Ernst von Leyden.

1902 en Montecarlo se estrena la ópera de Jules Massenet El juglar de Notre-Dame.

1906 un globo tripulado por tres hombres y una mujer realiza el viaje Madrid-Illescas (Toledo) en tres horas y cuarto.

1908 el Congreso español aprueba la creación del Instituto Nacional de Previsión.

1908 en Alemania, Bernhard Dernburg (primer secretario de Estado en la oficina colonial del Reich), pide en el Reichstag una mejor atención médica para la población de las colonias.

1908 en Estados Unidos, el Gobierno prohíbe la inmigración de trabajadores japoneses.

1911 en Allahabad (India) tiene lugar el primer vuelo oficial con correo aéreo, cuando Henri Pequet, un piloto de 23 años, entrega 6.500 cartas en la ciudad de Naini (a 10 km de distancia).

1913 en Francia se reclama la prolongación del servicio militar, para hacer frente al rearme alemán.

1913 en Francia, Raymond Poincaré es nombrado presidente.

1917 el mando supremo del ejército alemán reanuda la ofensiva contra Rusia.

1921 las tropas británicas ocupan Dublín para intentar sofocar las protestas nacionalistas por la división de la isla en dos territorios autónomos bajo autoridad británica.

1926 un tratado anglo-persa prolonga por 25 años el mandato británico sobre Irán.

1927 Juan Campisteguy es proclamado presidente de la república de Uruguay.

1929 en Estados Unidos se anuncian los primeros Premios de la Academia.

1929 Trotski solicita asilo político en Francia y Alemania, al caducar su permiso de estancia en Turquía el 1 de mayo.

1930 Clyde Tombaugh descubre Plutón (estudiando fotografías tomadas en enero).

1930 en Milán se estrena la comedia Come tu mi vuoi (‘como tú me quieres’), de Luigi Pirandello.

1931 en España el almirante Aznar forma nuevo Gobierno por encargo del Rey Alfonso XIII.

1932 en Japón, El emperador declara Manzhouguo (nombre chino obsoleto correspondiente a Manchuria) independiente de China.

1934 en Noruega se promulga una ley por la que las mujeres tendrán acceso a todos los cargos oficiales del Estado y la Iglesia.

1935 Italia comunica el embarque de tropas hacia Somalia.

1938 en Estados Unidos se promulga la segunda Ley de Ajuste de la Agricultura.

1943 en Alemania, Joseph Goebbels pronuncia el discurso de Sportpalast.

1943 en Alemania, los fuerzas de seguridad nazis arrestan a los miembros del movimiento Rosa Blanca.

1943 en Járkov los nazis realizan una contraofensiva.

1948 en Irlanda, Éamon de Valera renuncia como taoiseach.

1953 en Estados Unidos se estrena la primera película en tres dimensiones, Bwana Devil.

1953 en Estados Unidos, Lucille Ball y Desi Arnaz firman un contrato de 8 millones de dólares para continuar la serie de televisión Yo amo a Lucy durante 1955.

1954 en Estados Unidos, la actuación del Comité de Actividades Antiestadounidenses, presidido por el senador McCarthy, produce enfrentamientos con el ejército.

1955 en el Sitio de pruebas de Nevada, Estados Unidos detona su bomba atómica Wasp (‘avispa’), de 1,2 kton, la primera de las 14 de la operación Teapot. Es la bomba n.º 52 de las 1127 que Estados Unidos detonó entre 1945 y 1992. Durante la explosión se movilizaron 19.700 soldados de los ejercicios Desert Rock VI hasta 900 m del epicentro, con el hongo aún formándose.

1955 en la isla Decepción (Antártida) se establece la cuarta base chilena.

1957 en Budapest se inician los primeros procesos contra los implicados en la rebelión contra la URSS.

1959 Dwight D. Eisenhower llega a México para entrevistarse con el presidente Adolfo López Mateos.

1960 en Uruguay, se firma del Tratado de Montevideo, que crea la Asociación Latinoamericana de Libre Comercio.

1961 en Barcelona (España) la censura franquista permite estrenar El séptimo sello (rodada en 1956), el primer filme del cineasta sueco Ingmar Bergman.

1963 Julio Cortázar publica Rayuela.

1964 el Gobierno de Estados Unidos exige explicaciones al Gobierno español sobre las relaciones que España mantiene con Cuba.

1965 Gambia se independiza del Imperio Británico.

1968 en Grenoble (Francia) el esquiador francés Jean-Claude Killy se adjudica tres medallas de oro en los Juegos Olímpicos.

1970 el Tribunal Supremo de España anula el expediente de suspensión del periódico El Alcázar.

1972 en California (Estados Unidos), el gobierno invalida la pena de muerte y conmuta las sentencias de todos los condenados a muerte por cadena perpetua.

1974 en Reino Unido, la banda Kiss lanza su primer álbum.

1975 En Angola, dos turistas llamados Karl Zhoen y Resy Cohen filman la muerte de un naturalista que es devorado por una manada de leones.

1975 en Italia, el Tribunal Constitucional admite el aborto terapéutico.

1976 Estados Unidos suspende toda ayuda militar a Chile.

1977 en el aeropuerto militar de Buenos Aires (Argentina) el dictador Jorge Rafael Videla sale ileso de un atentado, al estallar una bomba junto a su avión en el momento en que despegaba: la Operación Gaviota.

1977 en Estados Unidos, el transbordador espacial de prueba Enterprise realiza su vuelo de bautismo montado sobre un avión Boeing 747.

1978 en Tabriz, el ejército iraní interviene contra un grupo de manifestantes.

1979 en Berlín se inaugura el Festival Cinematográfico con la película María Braun, de Rainer Werner Fassbinder.

1979 en el Desierto del Sahara se registra la primera nevada conocida.

1980 en Canadá, Pierre Trudeau, del Partido Liberal de Canadá, resulta vencedor en las elecciones parlamentarias.

1980 en Madrid empieza el juicio por el atentado al despacho laborista de la calle de Atocha.

1981 Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo propone la integración de España en la OTAN.

1982 en España comienza el juicio contra los implicados en el golpe de Estado del 23-F.

1982 en Irlanda, el partido Fianna Fáil se convierte en la primera fuerza política de la Asamblea, al obtener 81 de los 166 escaños.

1983 en España, la dimisión de Landelino Lavilla como presidente de la Unión de Centro Democrático hace presagiar el fin de este partido.

1983 en Seattle (Washington) mueren trece personas y una es gravemente herida en la masacre de Wah Mee considerada el asesinato en masa provocado por un robo más grande de la historia del país.

1983 en Venezuela se produce el famoso «Viernes Negro», caracterizado por una devaluación de la moneda (el bolívar) el cual pasó de costar 0,23 a 0,06 dólares.

1984 en España, la casi totalidad de los españoles se declara católico, aunque solo el 35,2% es practicante, según fuentes estadísticas.

1985 en Reino Unido, el legendario logo "mirror globe", usado por primera vez en 1969, se ve por última vez en una rotación regular de la BBC1.

1986 en Alexandra, barrio negro de Johannesburgo (Sudáfrica), los disturbios raciales dejan un saldo de 19 personas muertas.

1986 Firma del Acta Única de la Unión Europea.

1986 tropas israelíes ocupan de nuevo Líbano para liberar a dos rehenes.

1988 el Politburó soviético destituye a Borís Yeltsin en la pugna sostenida por la implantación de la Perestroika.

1989 en Italia, Arnaldo Forlani sustituye a Ciriaco De Mita en la secretaría general de la Democracia Cristiana.

1989 en Marrakech (Marruecos) se crea la Unión del Magreb Árabe (UMA), acuerdo entre los jefes de Estado de Marruecos, Libia, Argelia, Túnez y Mauritania.

1991 en las estaciones de Paddington y Victoria, en Londres (RU), el IRA hace estallar bombas en la madrugada.

1992 en Sevilla (España), un incendio accidental devasta el pabellón de los Descubrimientos, buque insignia de la Expo-92.

1994 en Berlín (Alemania), Sophia Loren recibe un Oso de Oro especial del Festival Internacional de Cine, como reconocimiento a su carrera cinematográfica.

1995 en San Francisco (California) se inaugura el Museo de Arte Moderno, diseñado por el arquitecto Mario Botta.

1998 en Nevada (Estados Unidos), la policía arresta a dos racistas blancos, acusados de un complot para usar armas biológicas en el metro de Nueva York.

1998 la ciudad gallega de Santiago de Compostela (España) es galardonada con el Premio Europeo de Urbanismo, instituido por la Comisión Europea.

1999 Dimiten tres ministros griegos tras la detención del líder kurdo Abdullah Öcalan, que había permanecido en territorio griego durante dieciséis días.

2000 en Croacia, Stjepan Mesić se convierte en presidente.

2000 en Irán, las elecciones parlamentarias dan la mayoría a los aperturistas partidarios del presidente Muhammad Jatami.

2000 se inaugura el congreso anual de la Asociación Estadounidense para el Avance de la Ciencia (AAAS) bajo el lema «La ciencia en un milenio incierto».

2001 en Berlín Intimidad, la producción francesa del cineasta Patrice Chérau consigue el Oso de Oro de la LI edición del Festival de Cine.

2001 en Estados Unidos, Dale Earnhardt muere en la última vuelta de las 500 millas de Daytona.

2001 en Estados Unidos, el agente del FBI Robert Hanssen es arrestado por espiar para la Unión Soviética. Será sentenciado a prisión perpetua.

2002 en Europa, comienza a cotizar en Bolsa el grupo europeo Arcelor, uno de los más importantes grupos siderúrgicos del mundo.

2003 el cometa C/2002 V1 (NEAT) llega a su perihelio.

2003 en Bolivia, el Consejo de Ministros presenta su renuncia colectiva al presidente Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada.

2003 en Corea del Sur, cerca de 200 personas mueren en el incendio del metro de Daegu.

2003 en Murueta (Vizcaya), la Ertzaintza desactiva una bomba con siete kilos de dinamita.

2003 en Perú, Vladimiro Montesinos, ex-jefe del Servicio de Inteligencia Nacional, se sienta en el banquillo para responder por un delito de tráfico de influencias.

2004 cerca de Neyshabur (Irán), más de 295 personas, incluyendo cerca de 200 rescatistas, mueren cuando se incendia y explota un tren que carga azufre, petróleo y fertilizantes.

2004 en Berlín, Gerhard Schröder, Jacques Chirac y Tony Blair, reunidos en la cumbre, proponen la creación de un vicepresidente económico europeo.

2004 en Rusia, un misil nuclear se autodestruye durante unas maniobras.

2004 India y Pakistán pactan una agenda de negociaciones para solucionar el conflicto de Cachemira.

2005 en Reino Unido se prohíbe por ley la caza del zorro, de la liebre y otros deportes que matan mamíferos salvajes.

2005 la revista Science presenta el primer mapa de las insignificantes diferencias genéticas existentes entre los seres humanos.

2006 en la playa carioca de Copacabana (Río de Janeiro, Brasil), más de dos millones de personas se reúnen para ver un concierto gratuito del grupo de rock Rolling Stones.

2006 en la República Democrática del Congo, empieza a regir la nueva constitución, contemplada dentro de los acuerdos de paz de Lusaka.

2006 en los Territorios Palestinos se constituye el nuevo parlamento, controlado por Hamás.

2007 en Andalucía (España) un referéndum ratifica el Estatuto de Autonomía de Andalucía.

2007 inicio de la conmemoración como Día Internacional del Síndrome de Asperger (en honor al nacimiento de Hans Asperger).

2010 en Níger sucede un golpe de Estado.

2012 en Tegucigalpa (Honduras) sucede un incendio en los mercados de Comayagüela.

2013 en Caracas (Venezuela), el presidente Hugo Chávez, retorna al país después de estar dos meses y siete días en Cuba, recuperándose de una operación por el cáncer que lo afectaba.

SABIAS QUE

En Urano, una estación dura 21 años. Y solo hay dos: verano (con luz) e invierno (con oscuridad)

LA CITA DE HOY

Sacar provecho de un buen consejo exige más sabiduría que darlo.

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