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itsgerges · 8 months ago

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Can A Light Beam Its Speed 1.16 million km per second Be Found? (Revised)

Abstract

The paper provides 4 hypotheses with their explanations and proves – let's provide them in following

Paper hypotheses

Hypothesis No. (1)

The space is created from one energy and this energy is provided by a light beam moves by a speed 1.16 million km per second – the speed is registered in the created space proves the speed is a fact.

Hypothesis No. (2)

The Gravitational Waves Are Produced By The Planets Motions Energies And Not By The Sun Gravitational Field– Moreover- The Sun Does NOT Produce A Gravitational Field And It Has No Massive Gravity-

Hypothesis No. (3)

Mars original orbit was between Mercury and Venus and Pluto was The Mercury Moon (Pluto size was equal Mercury size) But these two planets had migrated from their original orbits as a result for a collision- the planets migration caused a risk for the solar system geometrical design- Uranus and Jupiter the Two planets worked to repair the solar system design– that caused Jupiter orbit to be the main orbit in the solar system design- Jupiter orbit proves the speed 1.16 million km per second is a fact.

Hypothesis No. (4)

The Sun Is a phenomenon created by the planets motions

The sun rays is created from the gravitational waves motions energies and the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies-

Based on that

The Sun Is A Phenomenon Created By The Planets Motions

And

The Sun Is NOT Doing Nuclear Fusion To Produce Its Rays- instead- The Planets Motions Energies Total Is Used To Produce The Sun Rays

The Sun Is Created After All Planets Creation And Motion – means

The Planets Are Created And Moving In Their Orbits Around A Point Of Space Before The Sun Creation- And The Sun Is Created On This Point Of Space around which the planets revolve - And

No Planet moves by The Sun Gravity (Newton is Wrong) - And

The Sun Doesn't Produce A Gravitational Field (Einstein Is Wrong)

And

The Sun Is A Phenomenon Created By The Planets Motions– means-The Sun creation and death depends on a cycle – means – after this current sun death another sun will be created for the solar system.

The Hypotheses Explanation

The abstract provides the hypotheses explanation and the paper provides their proves and discussions- In following the hypotheses will be explained in details

NOTICE - The creatures and all matters on the Earth are created from the sun light energy and the sun light speed is 300000 km/s, because of that, the creature realization is limited to the speed 300000 km/s and can't realize the original speed (1.16 million km per second) that means the speed 300000 km/s is a limit for the creatures realization and not for the universe design.

Notice- this revised version adds only more proves for the paper first hypothesis-

Hypothesis No. (1)

The space is created from an energy and this energy is provided by a light beam moves by a speed 1.16 million km per second – the speed is registered in the created space which proves the speed is a fact

The Hypothesis Explanation

I- The Space Is Created By One Light Beam Energy- And This Light Beam Speed Is 1.16 million km per second

I-1 Preface (the main idea)

I-2 The Space Creation Method (the distances are one network)

I-3 Light Coherence between light (1.16 million km /s) and light (300000 km/s)

I-4 The Matter definition (based on my planet diameter equation)

I-5 The Planets Creation

I-6 Can The Time Machine Be A Fact?

The Hypothesis Proves

I-7 The Proves Logic Analysis

I-8 Planet Velocity Is A Function In A Speed = (1.16 million km /s)

I-9 Planets Orbits Are Defined By A Motion Its Speed = (1.16 million km /s)

I-10 Jupiter distances are defined by a motion by a speed = (1.16 million km /s)

I-11 The Solar System Geometrical Design Proves The Hypothesis

I-12 The Solar System Distances Analysis Prove The Hypothesis

I-13 Deep Analysis For The Planets Orbits

1-14 Light defines each planet orbital period

I-15 Can Planet Diameter Be Used As A Period Of Time

I-16 Mercury Orbit Analysis

I-1 Preface (The Main Idea)

The solar system (planets and distances) is created from one energy and this energy is provided by one light beam and this light beam moves by speed (1.16 million km/s)

The space is created before the planets creation-

Let's write the whole story in following

The light beam (1.16 million km per second) started its motion from Mercury orbit moves toward Pluto orbit– by that– we consider Mercury orbit is the origin point-

Now- we should notice- No planet is created yet- the motion from Mercury orbit to Pluto orbit defines the motion direction- and No planet is created before this motion end nor during this motion- the planets will be created after this motion is finished means when the light 1.16 million km per second reaches to Pluto (orbit)- after this event – the planets will be created –as I will explain later

Notice

The light (1.16 million km per second) creates the distances by its motion- means- the light moves from Mercury point to Venus point– the distance from Mercury to Venus was not found and is created only by the light motion through it for first time- means – before the light motion this distance was NOT found- It's found after the light moves through this distance for first time-

This is similar to the blood motion through the arteries, the blood creates these arteries and the blood moves through these arteries, but the blood created these arteries with its first motion and that needed energy- but – after the arteries creation the blood move through them without any energy is required- means- the first motion is the most important one because by it the arteries are created

Shortly- The space is created from the energy of this light beam its speed 1.16 million km per second – NOW- after the Space creation- the light beam energy is decreased because of the energy consumption in the space creation process- and the rest energy is one light beam its speed is (C=300000 km/s =the light known speed) – But - We understand that- it's the same one light beam- its speed was 1.16 million km /s before the space creation- and the light created the space and that caused to consume the light energy and that caused to decrease the light speed to be 300000 km/s

Shortly- the light beam started its motion from Mercury (orbit) with speed 1.16 million km /s and reaches to Pluto (orbit) with a speed 300000 km/s because of the energy consumption in the space creation process

Let's give example to explain this idea

Imagine we create A Sea Of Water- we use energy to create this sea of water- now we have some energy and we use this energy to create this sea of water- BUT- our energy is NOT spent completely But there's a small part still rest with us – this small part of energy is used to create one wave moves through this sea and this wave speed is 300000 km/s (I suppose the space is similar to the sea of water)

Now – the rest energy is found in one light beam its speed 300000 km/s and this light beam is found NOW in Pluto Orbit – and this light beam will be reflected from Pluto orbit toward the inner planets– means- the rest energy will move in the reflected direction to the original light motion direction.

This idea will be explained in details in the next point- shortly

The light beam (300000 km/s) will be reflected from Pluto toward the inner planets

AND the light 300000 km/s will meet the original light beam (1.16 million km per second) in the origin point (in fact – beside the origin point) and there's a coherence of light is done between the light beam (300000 km/s) and the light beam (1.16 million km per second) – this coherence of light is proved strongly- we have to ask (how can that be possible while the light beam 1.16 million km /s is consumed and the new light beam 300000 km/s is the rest energy? how this light beam (300000 km/s) can meet the original one (1.16 million km per second)? in points no. (I-3) and no.(I-6) I answer this question.

Notice (1) I suppose the rest energy is a light beam its speed is (C=300000 km/s) but this idea is for simplicity- the rest energy can be in any wave form its speed (C=300000 km/s) – no necessity to be in visible light beam form

It's simply energy moves by the known speed of light (C=300000 km/s)

Notice (2)

All Planets Orbits Are Defined Before Any Planet Creation-

The light used the distance from the sun to Pluto as one area and create one geometrical design for this area before any planet creation

Notice (3)

The planets are created from the rest energy its speed (300000 km/s) – means- the space is created by the light 1.16 million km per second and the energy is consumed in the space creation and the rest energy is one light beam its speed 300000 km/s (or one wave moves by the known speed of light C=300000 km/s) – the solar planets are created from this one wave its speed 300000 km/s and that means all planets orbit are created and defined before any planet creation

Notice (4)

The Sun Is Created After All Planets Creations And Motions

The sun is a phenomenon created by the planets motions energies total

The sun doesn't produce a gravitational field and doesn't have massive gravity

Logically – No planet moves by the sun gravity

(The Planet Moves With The Energy From Which The Planet Is Created – Newton is wrong- later we discuss the proves)

Notice (5)

The child (fetus) inside his mother is created by the blood motion- the blood motion creates arteries for this child and through these arteries the blood moves also but the arteries themselves are created by this same blood motion- Similar to that- the distances are created by the light motion energy and the light moves through these distances also but originally these distances themselves are created by the light motion energy- means the distances creation is done with the first time of the light motion through them - that required energy- but after the distances are created no more energy is required- the light (or planet) can pass simply through these distances

I-2 The Space Creation Method (the distances are one network)

Data

778.6 = 1.16 x 671

721 = 1.16 x 621

629 = 1.16 x 543

543 = 1.16 x 468

5906 = 1.16 x 5127

These numbers are distances in (million km)

778.6, 721, 671, 629, 551 are Jupiter distances to the sun, Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars respectively- 5906 and 5127 Pluto distances to the sun and Jupiter respectively

468 = 936 /2 where (940 million km = the Earth orbital circumference)

Discussion

(1)

The previous data tells us how the light beam motion creates the distances-

Simply the light uses a distance as (a period of time) and travels through this period another distance- that can be understood clearly from Jupiter distances- let's look deeply as possible

The light beam (1.16 million km per second) uses the period 629 seconds to pass a new distance = 729 million km (Mercury Jupiter distance is 721 million km error 1%) – where 629 million km = Jupiter Earth distance

Also

The light beam (1.16 million km per second) uses the period 671 seconds to pas a new distance =778.6 million km (Jupiter orbital distance)

where 671 million km = Jupiter Venus distance

by this method the light creates the distances based on each other- and that makes all distances to be created depends on one another and that makes all distances in the solar system to be One Network where all distances are created based on the same One Geometrical Design

(2)

The data shows the creation method- and we understand that- the distance 551 million km (Jupiter Mars Distance) is created firstly and the light (1.16 mkm/s) used this distance as a period of time (551 sec) and the light travels during this period a distance =(639 million km where 629 million km is Jupiter Earth distance error 1.5%) and then the light uses the new distance (629 mkm) as a period of time (629 sec) and the light travels during this period a distance = (729 million km – where 721 million km = Mercury Jupiter distance – error 1%)

The data shows the method clearly and we understand the light original motion started from Mercury orbit to Pluto orbit because the distances are created based on one another in that direction of motion as explained clearly

(3)

New data NO. (1)

2723 sec x 2 x 300000 km/s = 1622 million km – where

2723 million km = Uranus Earth Distance

1622 million km = Uranus Neptune Distance

The data shows- the light beam its speed (C=300000 km/s) is in proportionality also with the created distances but this proportionally is found in Reflected Direction

Logically, The light can NOT move from Uranus to Neptune and after that the light returns to move from Uranus to the Earth- it's simply reflected direction

The distances are NOT created by the motion of this light beam (300000 km/s) – but the distances are created by the motion of the original light beam (1.16 million km per second) but the proportionality between the distances with the light (300000 km/s) is found because there's a proportionality between the original one (1.16 million km per second) and this light beam (300000 km/s) – AND

Because the light (300000 km/s) moves in the reflected direction of the original light beam (1.16 million km per second) that causes the proportionality between the distances and the light (300000 km/s) be in a reflected form

New data NO. (2)

2094 sec x 300000 km/s = 629 million km

2094 million km = Uranus Jupiter distance

629 million km = Earth Jupiter distance

The light (300000 km/s) moves in reflected direction- for that- the distance 2094 million km is used as a period of time to pass a new distance (629 mkm)

The data proves the idea clearly

Notice (1)

The proportionality between the light (1.16 million km/s) and the light (300000km/s) will be discussed in point no. (I-3)

Notice (2)

In Point (**) I prove the gravitational waves are produced by the planets motions energies- and I prove that – the planets motions energies move toward Pluto and this energy is reflected from Pluto toward Venus- this fact is proved by powerful data and proves- for that – I don't explain in details the light motion trajectory from Pluto toward the inner planets because this motion trajectory is studied in details in the hypothesis No. (2) of this discussion- understandable that- the planets motions energy trajectory is the same trajectory the light moves through it – means this trajectory is studied in details and powerful proves in point no. (**)

Notice (3)

Jupiter Distances Analysis shows that Jupiter orbit is the central orbit for the light (1.16 million km per second) based on which all planets orbits are defined.

But – this is not the first creation case –

The light (1.16 million km per second) created the planets orbits based on each other starting from Mercury orbit moves toward Pluto orbit – this is the fist creation case – and this fact is proved strongly in point no. (I-9*)

BUT

Mars had migrated from its original orbit (Mars original orbit was between Mercury and Venus) and Pluto had migrated also (Pluto Was The Mercury Moon revolves around Mercury and Pluto size was equal Mercury size)

The planets migration caused a serious risk for the solar system geometrical design- Uranus was the first planet tried to repair the solar system geometrical design and to save it- by that

Uranus created a vertical effect on Jupiter orbit to fix Jupiter in its orbit and prevent it to migrate with the migrant planets- and based on Jupiter orbit the other planets orbits are modified – that supported the solar system original design and saved it which causes to protect the geometrical design from the destruction.

As a result

That causes Jupiter orbit to be the most important orbit in the solar system- the paper third hypothesis explains the planets migration and Jupiter orbit analysis is done with the solar system design analysis (I-11*)

I-3 Light Coherence between light (1.16 million km /s) and light (300000 km/s)

(1)

The Coherence Of Light

The previous explanation told us that we have 2 light beams-

The original light beam its speed (1.16 million km per second) and it started its motion from Mercury orbit to Pluto orbit (where Mercury orbit is the light motion origin point) – and this light beam created all distances in the solar system and lost its energy in the space creation process and the rest energy is one light beam its speed is (C=300000 km/s)

The other light beam is the rest energy- its speed is (C=300000 km/s) and it moves in a reflected direction from Pluto toward Venus and Mercury-

Now – we have a coherence of light between these two light beams- the coherence is proved by powerful proves BUT firstly we have to ask (how can this coherence be occurred)? Because the original light (1.16 million km/s) is consumed and its energy is used already and the rest energy is this light its speed is (300000 km/s) - HOW can the light (1.16 million km/s) meet the light (300000 km/s)??

Imagine we have (116 dollars) and we spent all money except (30 dollars)- how can this (30 dollars) meet the original money (116 dollars)??

Let's write the answer

Suppose the light beam (300000 km/s) moves in the reflected direction (in the space) and also (in the time) – that can enable the light (300000 km/s) to meet the original one (1.16 million km/s) in the past and the coherence will be done there in the past- and we see the coherence results and effects on the solar system -

Means – the light (300000 km/s) moves into the past and found the original light (1.16 million km/s) in the past

Notice No. (1)

The original light beam (1.16 million km/s) can NOT move toward the future to meet the light (300000 km/s) because in the future the original light beam (1.16 million km/s) is NOT found –by that – the coherence can't be occurred in the future - But – the light (300000 km/s) can move into the past because this light beam (300000 km/s) was found in the past because it's a part of the original light beam (1.16 million km/s)

Notice no. (2)

I prove the coherence is done by powerful proves- that tells- this idea is a fact–means- there's a strong proof tells (in fact the light beam 300000 km/s moved into the past) and if we can use this feature practically we can get photos from the past events and by that we can have photos from the catastrophe which killed the dinosaurs and know much better about what had happened really in that time - This can be a real machine of time – the light motion into the past is a strong method to perform this invention.

Notice no. (3)

Why Can NOT We Move Into The Past As We Move Into The Future?

This question is answered in point no. (**)

(2)

The Light Coherence Proves

First Proof

The planets order is typical to the interference of Young –

In the double slits experiment, Young Interference is consisted of bright fringes and dark fringes - If we consider planet diameter is equivalent to bright fringe – we will see that- the planets order is typically to Young interference because

Jupiter (the greatest fringe) is in the middle and the fringes width is decreased gradually on both sides – typically to the planets order

Notice / I have proved that (Mars original orbit was between Mercury and Venus) if we restore Mars to its original orbit the order will be typical to the Young Interference

(I prove this fact in point no. **)

Second Proof

The planets velocities are defined based on the speed (1.16 million km per second) and the planets velocities analysis shows the speed (300000 km/s) is the planets motions limit- means- the planets velocities are defined based on both velocities (1.16 million km per second) and (300000 km/s) I prove this fact in point No. (**)

Third Proof

The light coherence defines the solar day period (24 hours) which is the solar system design cornerstone

(1.16 /0.3) x 2π = 24.3

By this equation the space and time are created- the equation tells–the space is created in curves (2π) and the time is created in units each unit is (24 hours)

Please note – the solar system geometrical design depends on the light motion in a solar day (24 hours = 86400 seconds)

The light (1.16 million km per second) moves in a solar day (86400 seconds) a distance = 100733 million km (= the planets orbital circumferences total)

Fourth Proof

The planets data prove there's a speed (1.16 million km per second) found in the solar system but the sun light beam moves by speed (300000 km/s) that tells the two speeds are facts and found in the solar system and the coherence between them is a logical result

The hypothesis proves discuss many powerful proves for this fact-

Notice- the coherence of light is a very important fact because it tells the light (300000 km/s) moved into the past and by that gives us a proof for the motion on the time axis- for that – many powerful proves support this fact.

I-4 The Matter definition (Based On My Planet Diameter Equation)

(1)

Let's remember my planet diameter equation

Planet Diameter Equation (v1/v2)= (s/r)= I

v = Planet Velocity

r = Planet Diameter

s= Planet Rotation Periods Number In Its Orbital Period

I= Planet Orbital Inclination (example, 1.8 degrees be produced as a rate 1.8)

v2, s, r and I are belonged to one planet and v1 is belonged to another planet

The planet (v1) is defined by test the minimum error

Earth Equation uses Neptune velocity

Mars Equation uses Pluto velocity

Jupiter Equation uses the Earth moon velocity

Saturn Equation uses Mars velocity

Uranus Equation uses Neptune velocity (As Earth)

Neptune Equation uses Saturn velocity

Pluto Equation uses the Earth moon velocity (As Jupiter)

(The Equation works from The Earth To Pluto) (the discussion explains the reason)

Example

Neptune Equation (89143 /49528) = 9.7/ 5.4 =1.8

89143 = Neptune rotation periods number in Neptune orbital period

49528 km = Neptune diameter

9.7 km/s = Saturn velocity

5.4 km/s = Neptune velocity

59800 days = Neptune orbital period (and Neptune rotation period =16.1 hours)

1.8 degrees = Neptune Orbital Inclination

(the equation is proved and discussed in details in point no. **)

(2)

Can We Define The Matter Nature Based On My Planet Diameter Equation?

The equation tells, the matter is created based on its motion! means Neptune diameter is 49528 km because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s!!

That tells the motion with velocity 5.4 km/s is defined before Neptune diameter is created! Can we understand such definition for the matter nature? let's try

(A)

The Matter Nature

The space and matter are created from the same original energy and they move with this original energy motion- BUT the matter has a distinguish picture and different velocity from the space picture and velocity (notice- The Gravitational Waves Prove That The Space Has A Motion)

If we suppose the space is similar to the sea of water, the matter be similar to a whirlpool or a vortex found on the sea page- means- the matter is a geometrical design has a distinguish picture from the space- as the whirlpool, it's created from the sea water but it has a distinguish picture from the sea waves picture

Means

The whirlpool is carried by the waves motion- and- the matter is carried by its original energy and moves with it- No Mass gravity is required for the matter motion- means- the matter is MOVABLE by nature.

Also

The whirlpool dimensions are defined by the water motion - for example- we have a whirlpool its diameter is (2 meters)- this diameter is defined by the sea water motion features (velocity, pressure and other motion features) by that- the water motion analysis explains how the whirlpool dimensions are created

Also- the whirlpool is created but the creation requirements are needed every day- means- even if this whirlpool is found since years it can be changed immediately if the water motion features are changed- means- the whirlpool creation process is NOT a historical one.

Also- the matter is similar to a creature muscle, the muscle is found based on the blood motion and without this motion the muscle can be changed or removed.

Shortly

The Original Energy Was Found In Motion By Itself (As Moving Light Beam)

From This Moving Energy The Planet Matter Is Created

The Created matter dimensions are defined by the features of this original energy motion (means the planet creation data is defined by the energy motion features)

After the planet creation- The Planet Moves With This Original Energy – means- the created planet moves a motion depending on the motion of this original energy because the planet moves with this original energy motion- and – the planet moves by this original energy motion (No mass gravity is required to cause the matter motion)

The planet creation data is in full harmony with its motion features- this fact is produced logically because the planet data is defined by the original energy motion features.

This explanation tells (Neptune diameter is 49528 km because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s)

Example For Explanation

We agreed that the space is similar to the sea of water and the planet (matter) is similar to a whirlpool found on the sea page- this picture explains the idea clearly- because

We see the whirlpool doesn't move by the sea water waves velocity but by another velocity and that shows a distinguish in form and motion between the whirlpool (the planet) and the sea waves (the space)- BUT- the whirlpool dimensions are defined based on the sea water motion features- and if the motion features are changed the whirlpool dimensions will be changed also- also the whirlpool moves by the sea water motion even with a different velocity relative to the sea waves velocity but the whirlpool motion still is caused by the sea water motion- based on this picture we can say (because the water motion velocity is 80 km/h that causes this whirlpool diameter to be 2 meters "for example') – this is perfectly our sentence – let's remember it

(because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s that causes Neptune diameter to be 49528 km)

This idea is proved by my planet diameter equation (my fourth equation) (point No.**)

(B)

Now The velocity is a motion in (A Defined Direction)

Means– the matter is created because it depends on a motion in a defined direction- as we have seen- Neptune diameter is 49528 km because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s but this velocity is a motion in defined direction- and that tells Neptune creation depends on a motion in the direction of the (x axis positive "+x ") (for example)

That tells, if this motion moves in (x axis negative "-x ") that will cause Neptune diameter to be changed or perished

Means- the matter creation needs a motion in A Defined Direction

Now let's ask our question

Why Can't The matter (creature) Moves Toward Its Past?

Because the matter depends on a motion in one defined direction- that causes the matter moves into (the future) always and can't move into (the past) let's discuss this question more deeply in point no (I-6)

Notice

No Planet Moves By The Sun Gravity (Newton is wrong) – logically because- the planet moves by its creation force- means- the planet creation and motion should be done by one force only (one energy only) because if two forces have effects on the same one planet- this planet will be broken- this fact is proved strongly with the gravitational waves source discussion (Point no.**)

I-5 The Planets Creation

I summarize the main idea in following and the idea proves and discussions are found in point no. (**)

(i)

We know, the solar system is created from energy of one light beam its speed is 1.16 million km per second- and – the light created the space (the planets orbits) firstly and the energy is consumed in the space creation- and for that- the rest energy is found in one light beam its speed is 300000 km/s - And

From this light beam 300000 km/s the solar planets are created

Shortly

before the solar planets creation

The solar system was one light beam (or one wave moves by speed of light (300000 km/s)- by that – the solar system is One Wave moves by speed of light (300000 km/s)

Now

The Solar System needs To Create A Stationary Point Its velocity Zero relative to the moving one wave (300000 km/s)

This is the basic information in the solar system design-

The solar system needs to create a stationary point relative to the wave motion- by that – two velocities will be found which are (v1= the wave its speed 300000 km/s) and (v2= Zero= the stationary point velocity relative to the wave motion)–these two velocities produce a relative motion with different velocity 300000 km/s– this relative motion is the solar system design cornerstone.

Shortly – the solar system needs to create A Stationary Point

Notice– The solar system is carried by the light beam motion, NO stationary point can be found here – it's similar to a ship on the sea water- Nothing can stop- because the motion is done forcedly by the sea water –

The stationary point will be similar to the whirlpool (vortex) on the sea page- BUT

The solar system needs to create this stationary point - Now – let's try to create this stationary point in following - The solar system uses two procedures to do that,

(ii)

The first procedure

The wave its velocity 300000 km/s revolves around a point in space (any point in space), the revolution motion creates 2 equal velocities on both sides of the revolution- the two velocities are equal in value and opposite in direction- their total be equal Zero-means- the revolution motion creates A Stationary Point in the center of the revolution.

The second procedure

The previous idea is correct- but –the velocity 300000 km/s is a huge one and to decrease it to Zero velocity this is a complex process– for that- the wave (300000 km/s) created small waves with low velocities to use them as steps to decrease the velocity to Zero- the small waves are The Planets- (The planet is a small wave moves by low velocity relative to the original wave its velocity 300000 km/s)

Why Are These Small Waves Required?

Because the velocity 300000 km/s is decreased to Zero by using these small waves and their low velocities- the low velocities are used as steps to decrease the unified wave velocity (300000 km/s) to be (Zero)- this process decreases the velocity gradually from 300000 km/s to Zero depending on these small waves velocities (the planets velocities)

Means- the planets are created for this process to decrease the wave velocity from 300000 km/s to Zero- and The Planet Is A Small Wave Moves By Low Velocity

Shortly – the solar system has one complete system of velocities, Starting from Zero to 300000 km/s where the planets velocities are the steps between the two velocities – let's prove that here

(iii)

300000 km = 7.1 x (205.8)^2 where

7.1 is Lorentz length contraction effect for speed 297000 km/s (99% of speed of light)

205.8 km/s = the 9 planets velocities total (176 km/s) + the Earth moon velocity

(The moon velocity =29.8 km/s = the Earth velocity because they revolve together)

Why does the data use the squared value (205.8)^2?

We know the answer- but - Let's remember it

The planets are geometrical points on the same light beam and move with its motion- for that- the planets velocities rates creates rates of time– for example- Mercury velocity = 1.6 the Earth velocity- that means – one hour of Mercury clock = 1.6 hours of the Earth clock- Why??

Because Mercury and the Earth are carried by the same one light beam- the light moves one motion and passes one distance in one period of time- by that Mercury and the Earth have to move this same motion and to pass this same distance in this same period of time- but the two planets velocities are different- for that- the planets use different rates of time based on their velocities rates and by that the planets move equal distances in the same period of time –

Now- the velocity (205.8 km/s) moves relative to the stationary point (Zero) and creates a rate of time (1 second = 205.8 seconds) –

(one second of the unified wave clock = 205.8 seconds of the stationary point clock)

But – the energy is reflected in the solar system (I prove that in point no.**),

The energy reflection reflects the players – means

(one second of the stationary point clock = 205.8 seconds of the unified wave clock)

The stationary point will be THE SUN – by that

(one second of the sun clock = 205.8 seconds of the unified wave clock) – means

(one second of the sun clock = 205.8 seconds of any planet clock) –

Now during one second of the sun clock, the wave clock needs 205.8 seconds while the wave moves by a velocity 205.8 km/s- means –

During one second of the sun clock, the wave moves 42253 km = 300000 km /7.1

That creates the different velocity 300000 km/s between the sun motion and the wave motion-

Notice 1

The wave (205.8 km/s) moves during 1461 seconds a distance = 300000 km, and we know the Earth cycle (1461 days = 365 +365 +365 +366)

That tells, the speed of light (300000 km/s) is performed by the rate of time and that causes to create the Earth cycle-

Notice 2

Planet velocity is created by the rate of time- means- if no rate of time can be used – No planet velocity can be created – instead- all motions will be only by speed of light (300000 km/s)- the planet can create a small velocity because it can use rate of time

We realize that clearly because

The planets motions depend on the light motion- by that – the motion is done by One Motor only which moves by speed of light (300000 km/s), the planets can only move by speed of light or create a rate of time for their smaller velocities - No more options are provided.

Notice 3

We understand that, the planets are geometrical points on the same light beam, means

The planets are similar to carriages in one train and the light motion is the train engine means the planets are carried on the light beam and move with this light motion

I-6 Can The Time Machine Be A Fact?

To answer this question we need to review basics facts we have studied – let's do that in following

(1)

The solar system is created from one energy and this energy is provided by one light beam

(2)

The light moves simply and freely in any direction (for space) and (for time)- means- the light can move into the future (as matter does) or into the past (which the matter can Not do)

(3)

We know, the solar system is created from one light beam, and this light moves by a speed (1.16 million km per second) - And

We know, the light (1.16 million km per second) created the planets orbits firstly before any planet creation and the energy is consumed in the space creation and because of the energy consumption the light speed is decreased from (1.16 million km per second) to the known speed of light 300000 km/s – also

We know, the light (1.16 million km per second) started its motion from Mercury orbit moves toward Pluto- that means- the light (1.16 million km per second) started from Mercury orbit with speed (1.16 million km per second) and the light created all planets orbits till Pluto orbit- before any planet creation- and by that- the light lost its energy and the light beam in Pluto orbit reduced its speed to be 300000 km/s as a result for the energy consumption in the space creation process

(4)

Also we know the energy is reflected from Pluto toward Venus (the inner planets)

By that the light beam (300000 km/s) moves in the reflected direction to the original light beam (its speed 1.16 million km per second)

And – we know-

The light beam (300000 km/s) reaches to the original point (Mercury Orbit) from which the light (1.16 million km per second) started its motion

And we know that

A coherence of light is done between the original light beam (1.16 million km per second) and the light beam (300000 km/s)

BUT we don't know how such coherence can be occurred? Let's analyze that deeply in following

(5)

The produced light beam (300000 km/s) moves in (the reflected direction) to the direction of the original light beam (1.16 million km per second) (In Space) and reaches to Mercury orbit (the origin point)

But– logically – the produced light beam (300000 km/s) can NOT find the original light beam (1.16 million km per second) there because the original light beam is consumed already in the space creation process and the rest energy is this produced light beam (300000 km/s) – based on that –

How Can This Coherence Be Occurred? Means-

How can the produced light beam (300000 km/s) meet the original light beam (1.16 million km per second)? The answer is

The produced light beam (300000 km/s) moves (in the reflected direction) to the motion direction of the original light beam (1.16 million km per second) (In Space) and (In Time) Means- the produced light beam moves into (Its Own Past) and in the past this produced light beam (300000 km/s) was (A Part of the original light beam 1.16 million km per second) and because of that the produced light beam (300000 km/s) can meet the original light beam (1.16 million km per second),

And

The two light beams create a coherence (in the past) and we see the results of this coherence in our present time-

The idea is very important because – the coherence of the two light beams (1.16 mkm/s and 0.3 mkm/s) is proved strongly and with powerful proves and any explanation for this coherence will prove that the produced light beam (300000 km/s) must move Into The Past to enable this coherence occurrence- and that tells clearly- the travel through the time is possible and fact

BUT

Can the matter moves into its past as the light does? NO

Why?? Because

We know the light can move simply in any direction (+ x, + y, + z, + t) by that the light can move into the future and can move into the past BUT

The matter creation depends on A Motion In A Defined Direction-

let's remember this idea

Neptune diameter =49528 km because Neptune velocity is 5.4 km/s

(This Fact Is Proved By My Planet Diameter Equation)

Now, Neptune velocity is a motion in a defined direction

(for example a motion in +x direction)

The energy moves in this direction (+x direction) and because of this motion Neptune matter is created and Neptune diameter is defined- now if the energy moves in (opposite direction "–x direction") that will change Neptune diameter or cause to perish its matter at all

Means- as long as – Neptune is found- that means – the energy moves in one direction (and not two directions) – for that Neptune can move into the future but can NOT move into the past.

Notice

The matter can not move into the past but the light can do that-

Means- we have the time machine already- we need to know how to send the light into the past and by that we can have photos from the past events- and this will be The Time Machine

The Hypothesis Proves

I-7 The Proves Logic Analysis

I-8 Planet Velocity Is A Function In A Speed = (1.16 million km /s)

I-9 Planets Orbits Are Defined By A Motion Its Speed = (1.16 million km /s)

I-10 Jupiter distances are defined by a motion by a speed = (1.16 million km /s)

I-11 The Solar System Geometrical Design Proves The Hypothesis

I-12 The Solar System Distances Analysis Prove The Hypothesis

I-13 Deep Analysis For The Planets Orbits

1-14 Light defines each planet orbital period

I-15 Can Planet Diameter Be Used As A Period Of Time?

I-16 Mercury Orbit Analysis

I-7 The Proves Logic Analysis

Why can we prove that, a light beam its speed 1.16 million km per second is found in the solar system? also, the theory tells this light beam energy is consumed and the rest energy is found in one light beam its speed 300000 km/s (the known speed of light), if this light energy is consumed, how can we prove its existence?

There are two major reasons, which are

The Planets Orbits Are Created Before Any Planet Creation- And These Orbits Are Created Based On One Motion- And This One Motion Is Done By A Speed 1.16 Million Km Per Second.

The Planets Matters Are Created Based On Their Orbits – means- the planet is similar to a tree and the orbit is similar to a ground and the tree is planted in the ground-

NOTICE

after the planet creation, the planet can migrate from its original orbit to any other orbit - as Mars and Pluto did and that will not cause to destroy the planet.

Shortly-

the planet matter and data is created based on this planet orbit- the orbit is defined before any planet creation and based on the orbit the planet matter and data is created (we remember- the space is similar to the sea of water and the planet matter is similar to a whirlpool found on this sea page- that tells the whirlpool is created based on its place in the sea of water)

Shortly- The Planet Matter Is Created Depends On This Planet Orbit

The speed 1.16 million km per second is registered in the planets orbits because the orbits are created from the energy of the light beam (1.16 million km per second), and the planet matter is created from this planet orbit (energy)

Shortly

The light beam (1.16 million km per second) is the source of energy for (everything) in the solar system-

All orbits are defined by its energy, all matters are created by its energy, and all motions are done by its motion-

Can we prove this light beam is a fact? YES we can

The analysis for any data or any motion will discover this light beam because it's the source of energy for everything

Shortly

the light beam (1.16 million km per second) is The Source Energy of the solar system

The mother of all children can be discovered by analysis these children data

A QUESTION

Can the solar system design uses a rate 1.16 and I can't understand that but wrongly consider this rate (1.16) as a speed of light 1.16 million km per second?

NO- this can't be possible – Because

The light beam (1.16 million km per second) behaves typically to the known light beam (300000 km/s) – as we will see in the data discussion

I-8 Planet Velocity Is A Function In A Speed = (1.16 million km /s)

DATA

My 5th equation (v1v2=322)- the planets velocities prove it–let's see that in following

322 = 47.4 km/s (Mercury velocities) x 6.8 km/s (Uranus velocities)

322 = 35 km/s (Venus velocity) x 4.7 km/s (Pluto velocity) x 2

322 = 29.8 km/s (the Earth velocity) x 5.4 km/s (Neptune velocities) x 2

322 = 24.1 km/s (Mars velocity) x 13.1 km/s (Jupiter velocity)

322 = (17.9 km/s)^2 (Ceres velocity) (Max error 2%)

DATA ANALYSIS

The previous data tells the planets velocities are defined by three features

(1st Feature)

The planets velocities are complementary one another –means - each planet velocity is complementary with another planet velocity– means– The planets velocities are defined in pairs and not in single planets.

(Notice, the inner planets orbital inclinations are defined by the rule (v1/v2), for example, Mercury orbital inclination 7 deg = Mercury velocity 47.4/ Uranus velocity 6.8 that proves the effect of the rule (v1v2=322) on the planet motion)

Ceres velocity tells the idea - Ceres is used as the main point - as a result the outer planets be complementary with the inner planets – for that the rule (v1v2=322) controls the planets velocities- that means- The planets velocities are created based on One Design- Ceres velocity is used as the main point for this design

(2nd Feature)

Why the constant is 322? because 1160000 seconds = 322 hours – means- there's speed of light = 1.16 million km /s - Shortly

Mercury (47.4 km/s) moves during 6.8 hours a distance = 1160000 km

Uranus (6.8 km/s) moves during 47.4 hours a distance = 1160000 km And

Venus (35 km/s) moves during 2 x 4.7 hours a distance = 1160000 km

Pluto (4.7 km/s) moves during 2 x 35 hours a distance = 1160000 km

Earth (29.8 km/s) moves during 2 x 5.4 hours a distance = 1160000 km

Neptune (5.4 km/s) moves during 2 x 29.8 hours a distance = 1160000 km And

Mars (24.1 km/s) moves during 13.1 hours a distance = 1160000 km

Jupiter (13.1 km/s) moves during 24.1 hours a distance = 1160000 km And

(Notice - Saturn (9.7 km/s) moves during 33.2 hours a distance = 1160000 km - (between 33.2 and Venus velocity 35 km/s the error 5%)) (Data Max error 2%)

The Data Proves, The Planets Velocities Are Functions In The Speed 1.16 Million Km Per Second. That proves the speed (1.16 million km per second) is A Fact

(notice the planets velocities are complementary one another also based on the known speed of light 300000 km/s, the paper provides this data)

(3rd Feature)

The planets velocities limit depend on the known speed of light 300000 km/s

Let's explain that in following

The 9 planets velocities total is 176 km/s (I add the Earth moon velocity 29.8 km/s)

The 10 planets velocities total is 205.8 km/s

300000 km = 7.1 x (205.8)^2

The speed 297000 km/s (99% speed of light) causes Lorentz length contraction effect with the rate 7.1

The velocity (205.8 km/s) moves during 205.8 seconds a distance 42253 km

Where 300000 = 7.1 x 42253 km BUT 42253 = (205.8)^2

The squared value (205.8)^2 is found because of the used rate of time

We have studied this equation in point (I-5**) -the data shows, the planets velocities are defined as parts of a complete system of velocities starts from (Zero = stationary point) and reaches to the speed of light 300000 km/s and between these two values the planets velocities are defined to support this same system- that tells- the planets velocities are defined with limit to the speed of light (300000 km/s) - The data proves the speed (1.16 million km per second) is a fact -and also the data proves the coherence is done between the light (1.16 million km per second) and the light (300000 km/s)

I-9 Planets Orbits Are Defined By A Motion Its Speed = (1.16 million km /s)

(1) Mercury Motion

During 310s light its speed (1.16 million km per second) travels 360 million km

During 310 s light known speed (300000 km/s) travels 93.1 million km

BUT

93.1 million km x 2π = 586 million (this value will be used by Venus as a period)

Where 360 million km = Mercury Orbital Circumference

(2) Venus Motion

During 586s light its speed (1.16 million km per second) travels 680 million km

During 586s light known speed (300000 km/s) travels 175.8 million km

BUT

175.8 million km x 2π = 1104 million (this value should be used by Earth as a period)

680 million km = Venus Orbital Circumference

(3) Earth Motion

During 810s light its speed (1.16 million km per second) travels 940 million km

During 810s light known speed (300000 km/s) travels 243 million km

243 million km x 2π = 1526 million (this value should be used by Jupiter as a period)

Where 940 million km = Earth Orbital Circumference

BUT

During 940s light its (1.16 million km per second) travels 1104 million km (error 1%)

That shows the direction reflection between the Earth and Venus because of the reflection of energy- I proved that in point no. (**)

Notice –

Jupiter is the next planet after the Earth based on the light motion design for that the Earth value (1526 million km) should be used by Jupiter because Mars is a migrant planet and Mars original orbit was between Mercury and Venus and the next planet for the Earth was Jupiter- the confusion in data is made by Mars migration effect

(More explanation is provided in the comment on the data)

(4) Mars Motion

(Mars Is Exceptional)

During 1235s light its speed (1.16 million km per second) travels 1433 million km

During 1235s light known speed (300000 km/s) travels 371 million km = 2π x 59 mkm Where 1433 mkm = Mars Orbital Circumference

(5) Jupiter Motion

During 4224s light its speed (1.16 million km per second) travels 4900 million km

During 4224s light known speed (300000 km/s) travels 1267 million km –

4900 mkm =Jupiter Orbital Circumference

1267 million km x 2π = 7960 million km (this value be used by Saturn as a period)

Notice

Mars is a migrant planet for that – the Earth value isn't used for Mars orbit- but it's used for Jupiter orbit- and because of the reflection between Venus and the Earth- the Earth produces the value directly (1526 million km) without using the light speed (1.16 million km per second) where

1526 million km = Jupiter Orbital Distance 778.6 million km x 2 (error 2%)

Notice

During 4224s light its speed (1.16 million km per second) travels 4900 million km

4900 million km = Jupiter orbital circumference while 4222.6 hours = Mercury day period- if (one hour of Mercury = One second of light clock) that will connect Jupiter with Mercury strongly- this is a fact because- the solar system depends on Mercury clock in its motion and the planets orbits are defined based on Jupiter orbit after the planets migration- that makes Mercury and Jupiter the two heads of the solar system unified motion.

(6) Saturn Motion

During 7960s light its speed (1.16 million km per second) travels 9007 million km

During 7960s light known speed (300000 km/s) travels 2388 million km

9007 mkm = Saturn Orbital Circumference

2388 million km x 2π =15004 million km (this value be used by Uranus as a period)

(7) Uranus Motion

During 15559s light its speed (1.16 million km per second) travels 18048 million km

During 15559s light known speed (300000 km/s) travels 4668 million km

18048 mkm = Uranus Orbital Circumference

4664 million km x 2π =29305 million km (this value be used by Pluto as a period)

Notice

The transported value from Saturn is 15004 but the used value is 15559 (error 3.5%)

(8) Neptune Motion

(Neptune is exceptional)

During 24348s light its speed (1.16 million km per second) travels 28244 million km

During 24348s light known speed (300000 km/s) travels 7305 million km

28244 mkm = Neptune Orbital Circumference

(9) Pluto Motion

During 31983s light its speed (1.16 million km per second) travels 37100 million km

During 31983s light known speed (300000 km/s) travels 9595 million km

37100 mkm = Pluto Orbital Circumference

(10) The Earth Moon Motion

During 639s light its speed (1.16 million km per second) travels 724 million km

During 639s light known speed (300000 km/s) travels 191.6 million km = 2π x 30.5 mkm – BUT

30.5 mkm = 88000 km x 346.6 days

The moon displacements total during 346.6 (solar days) = 30.5 mkm

346.6 solar days= The nodal year and 88000 km = The moon displacement daily

742 mkm = The distance is passed by Uranus in 30589 hours - The data tells, the moon orbit regression be done by effect of Uranus motion.

THE COMMENTS ON DATA

(1)

We should note that, the data follows the rule perfectly- as we see in Mercury and Saturn data – the confusion in data is found by the planets migration – let's prove that

680 mkm (Venus Orbital Circumference) x (1.16 mkm/s) ^2 = 940 mkm

28244 mkm (Neptune Orbital Circumference) x (1.16 mkm/s) ^2 = 37100 mkm

(Max error 2.5 %)

940 mkm = Earth Orbital Circumference

37100 mkm = Pluto Orbital Circumference

Clearly the confusion of data is done for the Earth and Jupiter (Mars migration effect) and for Pluto and Neptune and Uranus (Pluto migration effect)

Shortly

The light (1.16 million km per second) created the solar system distances based on one another as the chess board distances- perfectly the light created the distances based on one geometrical design and as one network- But – The planets migration caused confusion for the data- by that the planets orbits data is confused and no longer be seen as designed by the light motion- specially because the solar system design repair needed to make Jupiter orbit as the central orbit based on which all planets orbits are modified- by that– the discovery for the light motion effect on the solar system distances creation needed deep analysis in data to remove the confusion.

Notice

The Earth data produced the value (1526 mkm) and this distance is used by Jupiter as a distance (1526 mkm = 2 x 778.6 mkm Jupiter Orbital Distance) (error 2%)

And

Uranus data produced the value (29305 mkm) and this distance is used by Neptune as a distance (29305 mkm= 28244 mkm= Neptune Orbital Circumference) (error 4%)

The behaviors are typical tell that by the same effect the modifications of both planets data are done-

Notice

680 sec x 1.16 million km /sec = 789 mkm (Jupiter orbital distance 778.6 mkm error 1.3%) – the data shows – Jupiter is the mentioned planet after the Earth because Mars original orbit was between Mercury and Venus by that the light motion moved from the Earth to Jupiter directly- Mars is not seen in this motion-

(2)

The inner planets distances ( 93.1, 175.8, 243, 370.6) can be used as cycles periods

175.8 solar days =Mercury day period

243 solar days = Venus rotation period

370.6 solar days are near to 365.25 days (error 1.5%),

(93.1 days x 2π= 584 days =the period of periodical meeting of Earth and Venus)

This equality depends on the rate 1mkm = 1 day

That tells each planet creates its PREVIOUS NEIGHBOR CYCLE PERIOD

And the outer planets distances in blue color (1267, 2330 , 4664, 7305, 9595)

2330 = 2 x 1165 = 2π x 371

4664 = 4 x 1165 = 4π x 371

7305 = 2π x 1165 =2π2 x 371

9595 = 8 x 1165 = 8 π x 371 (error 3%)

This data cornerstone is the number (371), (the Earth year 365.25 days)

The data refers to the Earth year because of the Earth effect on the sun creation

NOTICE

The data proves each planet orbit is defined based on its neighbor – my first equation (Planet orbital distance equation) proves this fact –

In following I put my planet orbital distance equation for revision

Planet Orbital Distance Equation

(My First Equation) (d)2 = 4 x d0 x (d- d0)

d = A Planet Orbital Distance

d0= Its Direct Previous Neighbor Planet Orbital Distance

The equation depends on the planets order, for that , just 2 neighbor planets can be used in this equation, means if (d is Venus distance, d0 be Mercury distance)

The equation exceptions are,

Earth depends on Mercury Not Venus – and Mars depends on Venus Not Earth And Pluto depends on Uranus Not Neptune

Note, we don't use the forma (d=2d0) instead we use the forma (d2 = 4d0 (d-d0)) because it uses the distance between the 2 planets and that decreases the errors

Let's test the equation

(1) Venus Motion

(108.2)2 = 4 x 57.9 x (50.3)

d= 108.2 million km = Venus Orbital Distance

d0= 57.9 million km = Mercury Orbital Distance

50.3 million km = The Distance Between Venus And Mercury

Venus Depends On Mercury

(2) Earth Motion

(149.6)2 = 4 x 57.9 x (149.6-57.9) (error 2.8%)

d= 149.6 million km = Earth Orbital Distance

d0= 57.9 million km = Mercury Orbital Distance

Earth depends on Mercury and doesn't on Venus

(3) Mars Motion

(227.9)2 = 4 x 108.2 x (227.9-108.2)

d= 227.9 million km = Mars Orbital Distance

d0= 108.2 million km = Venus Orbital Distance

Mars depends on Venus and doesn't on Earth

(4) Ceres Motion

(415)2 = 4 x 227.9 x (415-227.9)

d= 415 million km = Ceres Orbital Distance

d0= 227.9 million km = Mars Orbital Distance

Ceres depends on Mars

(5) Jupiter Motion

(778.6)2 = 4 x 415 x (778.6- 415)

d= 778.6 million km = Jupiter Orbital Distance

d0= 415 million km = Ceres Orbital Distance

Jupiter depends on Ceres

(6) Saturn Motion

(1433.5)2 = 4 x 778.6 x (1433.5- 778.6)

d = 1433.5 million km = Saturn Orbital Distance

d0 = 778.6 million km = Jupiter Orbital Distance

Saturn depends on Jupiter

(7) Uranus Motion

(2872.5)2 = 4 x 1433.5 x (2872.5- 1433.5)

d= 2872.5 million km = Uranus Orbital Distance

d0 = 1433.5 million km = Saturn Orbital Distance Uranus depends on Saturn

(8) Neptune Motion (error 4%)

(4495.1)2 = 4 x 2872.5 x (4495.1- 2872.5)

d= 4495.1 million km = Neptune Orbital Distance

d0 = 2872.5 million km = Uranus Orbital Distance Neptune depends on Uranus

(9) Pluto Motion

(5906)2 = 4 x 2872.5 x (5906- 2872.5)

d= 5906 mkm = Pluto Orbital Distance

d0 = 4495.1mkm = Neptune Orbital Distance Pluto depends on Uranus

Notice the error is less 1% for all planets except (Earth 2.8%) and Neptune (4%)

The Equation Discussion

(a)

The Equation tells each planet orbital distance depends on its previous neighbor planet orbital distance – but – there are 3 exceptions which are –

Earth depends on Mercury not Venus –

Mars depends on Venus not Earth–

Pluto depends on Uranus not Neptune–

(b)

The equation shows – the distance from the sun to Pluto be distributed based on one geometrical design – means – the distances be created together as one group in one a network form – the distances be similar to the chess board distances- they are distributed geometrically and in one network based on one design -

Shortly

No Single Distance be Created independently or individually – We deal with one network of distances -

Means

By Using Mercury Orbital Distance (57.9 million km) (one data) We Can Conclude All Planets Orbital Distances (9 Data) By Using Mathematical Calculations Only

(c)

Kepler stated (Planet orbit defines its velocity) – this concept is used in my third equation (d1/d2) = (v2/v1)2 where d= Planet Orbital Distance and v = Planet Velocity

The concept tells– If we know a planet orbital distance, we can conclude its velocity by mathematical calculations only

Shortly

By Using my 1st equation (d2 = 4d0 (d-d0)) and kepler law and the One Data (Mercury orbital distance = 57.9 million km) we can conclude by mathematical calculations only All Planets Orbital Distances, Velocities And Periods (27 Data)

That proves the concept (Planet data be created based on exact equations)

Planet Orbits Are Defined By Very Accurate System

Each planet orbit is defined based on an angle, these angles are reflected also – let's prove that (I suppose –There's a right triangle by the three points The Sun, Mercury and Venus) - Now

Venus angle is (61 degrees) because Venus orbital distance (108.2 mkm) x cos (61) = Venus Mercury distance (50.3 mkm) -

Here we can replace Venus with any other planet in the same triangle to define this planet angle based on similar calculation – as a result

Earth angle is (51 degrees) because Earth orbital distance (149.6 mkm) x cos (51) = Earth Mercury distance (91.7 mkm)

Mars angle is (41.7 degrees) because Mars orbital distance (227.9mkm) x cos (41.7)= Mars Mercury distance (170 mkm)

Jupiter angle is (22.2 degrees) because Jupiter orbital distance (778.6 mkm) x cos (22.2)= Jupiter Mercury distance (721 mkm)

Similar to that – Saturn angle is 16.5, Uranus angle is 11.6 deg, Neptune angle is 9.2 deg and Pluto angle is 8 deg- these angles follow the same system – for example

Pluto angle is (8 degrees) because Pluto orbital distance (5906 mkm) x cos (8)= Pluto Mercury distance (5848 mkm)

NOTICE No. (1) The right angle and its triangle is (a hypothesis) – we Can prove it because (v1/v2) = (θ1/ θ2)

means – these angles are rated with their planets velocities – for example

(Neptune velocity 5.4/ Pluto velocity 4.7) = (9.2 deg /8 deg)

Shortly -the angles which are defined based on the sun perpendicularity on Mercury orbit – all of them- are the correct angles by which the planets orbits are defined – that because the planets velocities are rated with these angles and Kepler stated (Planet orbit defines its velocity)- means- the planets orbits are defined based on these angles and that causes the angles rates to be equal with the velocities rates - Shortly -That tells indeed the sun position is perpendicular on the (inner planets orbits) – in fact – the sun is perpendicular on the Earth moon orbit- and this perpendicularity has effect on all inner planets because of the small distances among them.

I-10 Jupiter distances are defined by a motion by a speed = (1.16 million km /s) Data

(1)

(1.16 million km /s) x 300 sec = 348 mkm (300 mkm = Earth orbital distance x 2)

(1.16 million km /s) x 348 sec = 470 mkm (470 x2 = Earth Orbital Circumference)

(1.16 million km /s) x 470 sec = 551 mkm (Mars Jupiter Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x 551 sec = 629 mkm (Earth Jupiter Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x 629 sec = 721 mkm (Mercury Jupiter Distance)

(2)

(1.16 million km /s) x 108.2 sec x 4 = 500 mkm (108.2 = Venus orbital Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x 500 sec = 580 mkm

(1.16 million km /s) x 580 sec = 671 mkm (Venus Jupiter Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x 671 sec = 778.6 mkm (Jupiter Orbital Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x 778.6 sec x 2 = 1806 mkm

(1.16 million km /s) x 1806 sec = 2094 mkm (Jupiter Uranus Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x 2094 sec = 4900 mkm/2 (Jupiter Orb. Circumference)

(3)

(1.16 million km /s) x 5127 sec = 5906 mkm (Pluto orbital Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x 4437 sec = 5127 mkm (Pluto Jupiter Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x 3825 sec = 4437 mkm (Mercury Neptune Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x 3244 sec = 3825 mkm (=π x 1205 mkm Mars Saturn Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x2872sec=3244mkm (=2x1622 mkm Uranus Neptune Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x4900sec=2 x 2872 mkm (Uranus Orbital Distance)

(4)

(1.16)2 x 170 sec = 227.9 mkm (Mars Orbital Distance)

Where 170 mkm = Mercury mars Distance

(5)

(1.16 million km /s) x 1980 sec = 2296.8 mkm

(1.16 million km /s) x 2296.8 sec = 2644.6 mkm (Mars Uranus Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x 2644.5 sec = 3033.5 mkm (Uranus Pluto Distance)

1980 million km = the orbital circumferences total of (Mercury + Venus + Earth)

(6)

(1.16 million km /s) x 3717 sec = 4310 mkm (Earth Neptune Distance)

(1.16 million km /s) x 4346 sec = 5040 mkm (Jupiter Pluto Distance)

3717 mkm = Jupiter Neptune Distance –

(Earth Neptune Distance 4345mkm "error 1%" and Jupiter Pluto dis. 5127 mkm error 1.7%)

Discussion - the data tells the idea clearly, it tells

The distances in the solar system is created together based on one design and by one motion- this one motion is the light motion (1.16 million km per second) and the light creates the distance and after that the light uses the created distance as a period of time to create another distance, and by that, the light created all distances in one network together based on one geometrical design and this creation of the distances is done before any planet creation- the data clearly and strongly proves the hypothesis.

NOTICE - The total distances in the solar system (the orbital and inner distances) are 45 distances, the previous data used almost 50% of these distances (because many distances are equal in the solar group – for example – (Saturn orbital distance = Mars orbital circumference)- this distances equality makes the previous data behave in place of around 50% of all distances- and no logic to suppose these all distances are rated by the way with the rate (1.16)!!

The logical explanation is my theory I have explained- the light (1.16 million km per second) creates the distances based on one another by using the distances as periods of time - Also this behaviors is typical to the behavior of the known speed of light (300000 km/s)– as we have seen before - During 2094 seconds the light (300000 km/s) moves 629 million km (=Jupiter Earth distance) where 2094 million km (= Jupiter Uranus distance)- Simply it's typical behaviors tells the fact that the speed 1.16 million km per second is real fact and used in the solar system design)

I-11 The Solar System Geometrical Design Proves The Hypothesis

Data (1)

(A) (1.16/0.3) x 2π = 24.3

(B) 1.16 million km per second x 86400 seconds = 100733 million km

(100733 million km = The Planets Orbital Circumferences Total)

Data (2)

(a) 4224 x 1.16 =4900

(b) 100733 = π x 32200

Discussion

Data (1)

Data no. (A) - (1.16/0.3) x 2π = 24.3

By this equation the space and time are created- because it shows the coherence of light between the light (1.16 million km per second) and the light (300000 km/s)

The equation tells – the space is created in curves (2π) and the time is created in units each unit = (24 hours)

Shortly- the time essential units are 2 units (the second and 24 hours) because of the rate of time (one second of light clock = 24 hours of planet clock) by that the period of the (one second) (for light motion) is comparable with (24 hours) for planet motion that means- the period (24 hours) is one unit can't be divided and it's similar to the second period which is a unit can't be divided

Data no.(B) 1.16 million km per second x 86400 seconds = 100733 million km

The data tells the light (1.16 million km per second) moves in solar day (24 hours= 86400 seconds) a distance = 100733 million km = The Planets Orbital Circumferences Total - that proves the solar planets orbits creation is done by the motion of this light beam (1.16 million km per second) - the data proves the solar system design depends on this light motion.

Data (2)

Data no. (a) 4224 x 1.16 =4900

The data tells, the light (1.16 million km per second) moves in 4224 seconds a distance = 4900 million km = Jupiter Orbital Circumference

But – Mercury day period is 4222.6 hours (4224 hours approximately)

If (one second of light clock = one hour of Mercury clock), that will make the period (4224 s) as Mercury day period – and – we know that Mercury day period is the main period in the solar system because the sun rate of time is created based on it as I explain in the second and fourth hypotheses of this paper-

Shortly- while Mercury is the solar system head- Mercury day period is the main period in the solar system and this period is used for Jupiter orbital circumference because all planets orbits are defined based on Jupiter orbit after the planets migration- this fact is discussed in the third hypothesis is details – let's summarize it

Mars original orbit was between Mercury and Venus, and Pluto was the Mercury moon, and Pluto size was equal Mercury size- But- Mars and Pluto had migrated from their orbits- the planets migration caused serious risk for the solar system geometrical design- And Uranus provides a vertical effect on Jupiter to fix it in its orbit and prevent Jupiter to migrate with the migrant planets- after Jupiter be fixed in its orbit all other planets redefined their orbits according to Jupiter orbit – by that – Jupiter orbit be the most important distance in the solar system-

Notice- later Uranus caused to create Saturn to support Jupiter role- Saturn creation is done after the Earth moon creation because the energy reflection caused this delaying

The data shows how the solar system design depends on Jupiter orbit

Data no. (b) 100733 = π x 32200

32200 million km = the different distance between Pluto orbital circumference and Jupiter orbital circumference

100733 million km = The Planets Orbital Circumferences Total

The data supports the same idea- Jupiter and Pluto orbits create the general design of the solar system- because Jupiter is the main orbit in it and Pluto the last orbit.

Data no. (c) 1.1318/0.3 = 5906 / (778.6 x 2) where

5906 million km = Pluto orbital distance

778.6 million km = Jupiter orbital distance

1.1318 million km = Jupiter motion distance per solar day

0.3 million km = speed of light 300000 km/s

The data shows the distribution of Jupiter and Pluto orbits are in proportionality with speed of light (300000 km/s) and speed of (1.16 million km per second)

BUT the data shows Jupiter velocity daily (1.1318 million km per day) in place of the speed of light (1.16 million km per second) Why??

Another question asks (Why do all Jupiter distances depend on the speed of light 1.16 million km per second?) as we have seen in the previous proof No. (1-10)?

The story told the facts, Uranus provided effect on Jupiter and as a result Jupiter orbit be used as the main orbit in the solar system- BUT- what's this effect Uranus provided on Jupiter? What had happened really?

Uranus sent a light beam its speed (1.16 million km per second) to Jupiter for that Uranus velocity and Jupiter velocity both depends on the speed (1.16 million km per second)

Jupiter should move a distance 1.16 million km per solar day (24h) BUT Mars effect created more problems and caused Jupiter to use (Mars rotation period 24.6h) in place of the solar day and decreased the velocity with 2.5%

Uranus moves a distance 1.16 million km (in TWO solar days- error 1.3%)

The solar system basic design depends on (two seconds and not one second) as I explained in details in the fourth hypothesis of this paper- now – the system design uses two seconds in place of one second because Uranus moves the required distance 1.16 million in two days

Shortly – the force which is sent from Uranus to Jupiter was a light beam its speed 1.16 million km per second and by this force Jupiter helped the solar system and supported the planets in their orbits to prevent more migration in the solar system

I-12 The Solar System Distances Analysis Prove The Hypothesis

DATA (No. I)

50% Of All Distances In The Solar System Are Equal One Another (WHY?)

(1)

Saturn Orbital Distance = Saturn Uranus Distance =1433 million km =

= Mars Orbital Circumference

= Pluto Neptune Distance (error 1.5%)

= Pluto eccentricity Distance (error 1.5%)

= Neptune Orbital Distance/π

= Uranus Orbital Distance /2

= Mercury Jupiter Distance x 2

(2)

Neptune Orbital Distance = Saturn Pluto Distance

Jupiter Pluto Distance = Uranus Neptune Circumference

Earth Neptune Distance = Mercury Saturn Circumference (0.5%)

(3)

Jupiter Mercury Distance = 2 Mercury Orbital Circumference

Jupiter Venus Distance = Venus Orbital Circumference (1.5%)

Jupiter Earth Distance = Earth Orbital Circumference (1.2%)

(Earth and Jupiter at 2 different sides from the sun)

(4)

Jupiter Mercury Distance = Mars Orbital Distance x π (0.6%)

Jupiter Uranus Distance = Venus Jupiter Circumference (0.8%)

Pluto Orbital Distance = Earth Orbital Circumference x 2π

DISCUSSION

The data tells these distances must be created based on each other because all of them are parts in one design and one network- the data tells – it's impossible for these distances to be created univocally nor independently – but they are created by one motion based on one design and for one result.

DATA (No. II)

(778.6/721)=(721/670)= (670/629)=(1433/1325)=(1284/1205)= (2872/2644)= 1.0725

These are distances measured in millions km – let's define them

778.6, 721, 670 and 629 are the distances between Jupiter and the sun, Mercury, Venus and the Earth respectively.

1433, 1325, 1284, 1025 are the distances between Saturn and the sun, Venus, the Earth and Mars respectively.

2872 and 2644 are the distances between Uranus and the sun and Mars respectively.

MORE DATA (No. I)

629 million km (The Earth Jupiter distance)= (1.0725)^2 x 551 million km (Jupiter Mars Distance)

4495.1 million km (Neptune Orbital Distance) =1.0725 x 2 x 2094 million km (Jupiter Uranus Distance)

5906 million km (Pluto Orbital Distance) = (1.0725)^2 x 5127 million km (Jupiter Pluto Distance)

5127 million km (Jupiter Pluto Distance)= (1.0725)^2 x 4437 million km (Mercury Neptune Distance)

2.574 million km (Earth motion distance daily) = 1.0725 x 2.4 million km (TheMoon Orbital Circumference)

DISCUSSION

These distances are rated each other with (1.0725) this rate is created by Lorentz length contraction effect (as I supposed and proved)- but – regardless this rate reason the question is – How can all these distances be effected by this rate together?

That can be possible only if (these distances are parts of one design and this design is effected by this rate as a result all distances be effected together)

The data proves the distances are created together based on one design and the distances are effected together by the same one effect – shortly- these distance can NOT be independent from one another but they are one group created based on one design.

I-13 Deep Analysis For The Planets Orbits

The Light Uses Each Planet Orbital Period To Move A Distance = This Planet Orbit + All Previous Planets Orbits Total

DATA

(1)

14 x 24 x (300000 km/s) = 100.8 million km = 2 x 50.4

(2)

35.76 x 24 x (300000 km/s) = 258 million km = 149.6 + 108.2

(3)

58.1 x 24 x (300000 km/s) = 418 million km = 149.6 + (2 x 108.2) + 58

(4)

109.3 x 24 x (300000 km/s) =787 million km = 58+ 108+149.6 +2 x228 (error 2%)

(5)

687 x 24 x (300000 km/s) = 4900 million km

(6)

687 x 24 x (300000 km/s) = 4900 million km

(7)

1710 x 24 x (300000 km/s) = 12312 million km = 28244/(1.16 x2)

(8)

4868 x 24 x (300000 km/s) = 17600 million km x 2

(9)

9517 x 24 x (300000 km/s) = 68522 million km = 2 x 18048 + 32400

(10)

14413 x 24 x (300000 km/s) = 103773 million km

DISCUSSION

The data shows the rule (Planet Orbital Period "days"/2π) x 24 x Speed Of Light (300000 km/s) = A Distance = This Planet Orbital Circumference + All Previous Planets Orbital Circumferences Total – let's prove this rule in following

(1) Pluto Data

90560 days (Pluto orbital period) /(2π) = 14413 days

14413 x 24 x 300000 km/s = 103773 million km

The planets orbital circumferences total is 100733 million km

Between 103773 mkm and 100733 mkm the error is (3%)

Pluto follows the rule perfectly- the light passes a distance = Pluto orbital circumference + all previous planets orbital circumferences = the planets orbital circumferences total

(2) Neptune Data

59800 days (Neptune orbital period) /(2π) = 9517 days

9517 x 24 x 300000 km/s = 68526 million km = (2 x 18048) + 32400

The distance 2 x 18048 million km = all planets orbital circumferences total before Neptune

32400 mkm = 1.16 mkm/s x 28244 seconds

28244 million km = Neptune orbital circumference

Neptune follows the rule perfectly but because of the energy reflection the speed (1.16 mkm/s) is used one additional time- clearly we see Neptune follows perfectly the rule

(3) Uranus Data

30589 days (Uranus orbital period) /(2π) = 4868 days

4868 x 24 x 300000 km/s = 17600 million km x 2

18048 million km (Uranus Orbital Circumference) (error 2.5%)

Uranus follows the rule perfectly because Uranus orbital circumference =18048 mkm and all previous planets orbital circumferences total is = 18048 mkm

(4) Saturn Data

10747 days (Saturn orbital period) /(2π) = 1710 days

1710 x 24 x 300000 km/s = 12312 million km

Jupiter orbit (4900) + Saturn orbit (9000) = 14000 million km

Light (1.16 million km/s) x 12312 seconds = 14282 million km

Means

The value (12312) equal (Jupiter orbital circumference)+Saturn orbital circumference

But the reflection of energy uses the speed of light (1.16) to have effect on the data

That tells Saturn follows the rule

Notice

12312 sec x 1.16 mkm/s = 14282 mkm = 28244 mkm/2

28244 mkm = Neptune orbital circumference – that tells the confusion in Saturn data is done by Neptune orbit effect

Notice

We see the speed of light (1.16 mkm/s) has effect on Saturn data by division (12312 = 14282/1.16) but in Neptune data we have seen the speed of light (1.16 mkm/s) has effect by multiplication (28244 x 1.16 = 32400)

That tells we have opposite positions between (Neptune and Saturn) and the light connects them together by one motion-

The data tells simply (A x 1.16 and B/1.16) this is effect of one light beam motion through both points.

(6) Jupiter Data

4331 days (Jupiter orbital period) /(2π) = 687 days

687 x 24 x 300000 km/s = 4900 million km

Jupiter orbital circumference = 4900 million km

The distance equal Jupiter orbital circumference only without the previous planets BUT - The inner planets orbital circumferences total be = 4900 million km

Let's prove that

360 (Mercury) + 680 (Venus) +940 (Earth) + 1433 (Mars) = 3413 million km

4900 million km – 3413 million km = 1433 million km

That tells – the data supposes the Earth moon orbital circumference around the sun = Mars orbital circumference = 1433 million km

By that 360 + 680 +940 + 1433 + 1433 = 4846 million km = Jupiter orbital circumference (4900 mkm) (error 1%)

(7)Mars Data

687 days (Mars orbital period) /(2π) = 109.3 days

109.3 x 24 x 300000 km/s = 787 million km = Jupiter orbital distance 778.6 million km (error 2%)

778.6 million km= 57.9 mkm + 108.2 mkm + 149.6 mkm + 227.9 mkm+ 227.9 mkm

Means- Mars Value (787 = 778 = the four inner planets orbital distances total + the Earth moon orbital distance to the sun (which is considered = Mars orbital distance)

Here the value provided the distances total and not the circumferences total

But Mars follows the rule perfectly because

The value (778) = the 5 planets orbital distances total

(8)Earth Data

365.25 days (Earth orbital period) /(2π) = 58.1 days

58.1 x 24 x 300000 km/s = 418 million km = 149.6 mkm (Earth orbital distance) + 2 x 108.2 mkm (Venus orbital distance) + 57.9 mkm (Mercury orbital distance)

The Earth follows the rule- the modification can be done by the moon effect on the earth motion.

(9)Venus Data

224.7 days (Earth orbital period) /(2π) = 35.76 days

35.76 x 24 x (300000 km/s)= 258 million km = 149.6 mkm (Earth orbital distance)+ 108.2 mkm (Venus orbital distance)

(10)Mercury Data

88 days (Earth orbital period) /(2π) = 14 days

14 x 24 x (300000 km/s) = 100.8 million km = 2 x 50.4

50.4 million km = Mercury Venus Distance

The Comment On The Data

(1)

We notice a deep interaction between Mars and Jupiter where Jupiter orbital period (4331 days /2π)= 687 days (Mars orbital period)

And Mars value (109.3 days) enables the light to pass a distance 778.6 mkm

109.3 x 24 x 300000 km/s = 778.6 million km (Jupiter orbital distance)

That shows deep interaction between Mars and Jupiter which is logical behavior because Mars is a migrant planet and Mars created an interaction with Jupiter to enable Mars to stay in its New orbit and prevent any more migration.

(2)

Mars orbital period 687 days = 88 (Mercury) + 224.7 (Venus) + 365.25 (Earth)

(error 1.5%)

Notice - 551 mkm (Mars Jupiter distance) = 57.9 mkm (Mercury orbital distance) + 108.2 mkm (Venus orbital distance) + 149.6 mkm (Earth orbital distance) + 227.9 mkm (Mars orbital distance) (error 1.5%)

(3)

The data shows very important fact

The data tells that (The Light Motion Is The Main Player Behind All Data)

Let's use the sea water as example

The sea water motion is the main player behind the sea waves, the ship sailing, the fish swimming and the cause for any motion in the sea - Different forms of motions in the sea we can discover but the motion reason and motor is the same one reason and motor – This is the useful result of this data- it's simply a major proof for my theory- the light motion is the reason behind all planets motions and data-

Notice - Why Is The Planets Data Analysis Method Important?

The planets data analysis makes some anatomy for the planets data, by that, we can know how this planet data is created and what geometrical reason caused to create this data- the planets data analysis also enable us to discover if a planet violates a rule used by the other planets- and it shows the geometrical reason behind this violation-

1-14 Light defines each planet orbital period

The light defines each planet orbital period based on this planet diameter

Data

142984 s x (0.3)^2 = 12868 = π x 4331 (error 5%)

120536 s x (0.3)^2 = 10747

51118 s x (0.3) = 30589/2

49528 s x (0.3)^2 = 4457

7510 s x (0.3) x 4π^2 = 88945 (= 90560 error 1.8%) (notice 7510 x 4π^2 =296483)

6792 s x (0.3)^2 = 611

7510 s x (0.3)^2 = 676 = 687 (error 1.5%)

12756 s x (0.3)^2 = 1148 = π x 365.25

12104 s x (0.3)^2 = 1089 = (π^2)/2 x 224.7

4879 s x (0.3)^2 = 439 = (π^2)/2 x 88

Notice

7070 s x (0.3)^2 = 637 = 687 / 1.0725

Where

(1)

The left side data is the planets diameters, in details

142984 km, 120536 km, 51118 km, 49528 km and 7510 km are the diameters of (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune respectively and 7510km =Pluto circumference)

And

6792 km, 12756 km, 12014 km and 4879 km are the diameters of (Mars, Earth, Venus and Mercury respectively) – all diameters are used as periods of time with the rate (1 km = 1 second) - The periods are used by light known speed (300000 km/s)

(2)

The right side is the planets orbital periods

12868 = π x 4331 (error 5%) (4331 days = Jupiter orbital period)

10747 days = Saturn orbital period

30589 days = Uranus orbital period

90560 days = Pluto orbital period

Notice

4457 million km = Neptune orbital distance

That shows Neptune produced its orbital distance in place of its orbital period based on the same rule proves that Neptune is found on the opposite direction to the other planets.

687 days = Mars orbital period (with 611 the error 12%)!

1148 days = π x 365.25 days (Earth Orbital Period)

1089 days = (π^2)/2 x 224.7 days (Venus Orbital Period)

439 = (π^2)/2 x 88 days (Mercury Orbital Period)

Notice

7070 s x (0.3)^2 = 637 = 687 / 1.0725

7070 km was Mars original diameter before its migration- and the rate 1.0725 is found by Lorentz length contraction effect.

The Comment On The Data

The data shows the following

Light Motion Connects Each Planet Diameter With Its Orbital Period

The equation modifications can NOT refute the theory because the modifications depend on geometrical constant as (π), or depend on the using of (C) or (C^2)- these values can't be considered new values nor change the rule because they are geometrical constants which shows modifications are done for the energy- for example- the energy reflection causes to square the speed, by that, the planets which us (C) have no reflection of energy but the planets use (C^2) are suffered from the energy reflection- Shortly- the modifications can't refute the theory- means- the data tells – planet orbital period is defined based on this planet diameter by effect of the speed of light

I-15 Can Planet Diameter Be Used As A Period Of Time

DATA

Jupiter (13.1 km/s) moves during 10921 s a distance = 142984 km = Jupiter diameter

Uranus (6.8 km/s) moves during 7510 s a distance =51118 km = Uranus diameter

Pluto (4.7 km/s) moves during 10921 s a distance =51118 km = Uranus diameter

Pluto (4.7 km/s) moves during 51118 s a distance =2 x 102536 km = Saturn diameter

Pluto (4.7 km/s) moves during 2 x 120536 s a distance =1.1318 mkm

(1.13184 mkm = Jupiter motion distance per solar day)

Where

10921 km = The Moon Circumference

7510 km = Pluto Circumference

The data shows the planets diameters are used as periods of time (for planets motions) also and not only for light motion – the fact is proved simply

The Comment On The Data

(1)

My planet diameter equation proves that planet diameter is created as a period of time because the diameter is created as a function in this planet rotation period.

(2)

The previous data is example of many similar which proves the planet diameter is used as period of time.

(3)

How can the planet diameter be used as a period of time?

Planet diameter is used as a period to define another planet diameter-

The idea is that- the solar system is created from one motion (the original light beam motion)- by this one motion all planets diameters are created for that each planet diameter defines the next planet diameter.

(CONT)

Gerges Francis Tawdrous +201022532292

Physics Department- Physics & Mathematics Faculty

Peoples' Friendship university of Russia – Moscow (2010-2013)

Curriculum Vitae https://www.academia.edu/s/b88b0ecb7c

E-mail [email protected], [email protected]

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certainheartrunaway · 5 years ago

Text

Ohio/Penn DX Bulletin No. 1430

SB DX @ WW < KB8NW $OPDX.1430

Ohio/Penn DX Bulletin No. 1430

The Ohio/Penn DX PacketCluster

DX Bulletin No. 1430

BID: $OPDX.1430

September 9, 2019

Editor Tedd Mirgliotta, KB8NW

Provided by BARF80.ORG (Cleveland, Ohio)

Written/Send from Strongsville, Ohio

Thanks to the Northern Ohio Amateur Radio Society, Northern Ohio DX

Association, Ohio/Penn PacketCluster Network, the AB5K’s AR Cluster

Networks, KV1J, NJ1Q & W1AW, WB2REM, NG3K & ADXO, W3UR & The Daily DX,

K8GI, K8YSE, WB6RSE, W8GEX & 60m DX News, N0TG, DL1SBF, DL7UXG & The DX

News Letter, DxCoffee.com, DD0VR, DXNews.com, DX-World.Net, F5NQL, F6AJA &

Les Nouvelles DX, I1JQJ/IK1ADH & 425 DX News, IZ7KHR, OZ6OM & 50 MHz DX

News, RN3RQ, Sixitalia Weekly and VA3RJ & ICPO for the following DX

information.

DXCC COUNTRY/ENTITY REPORT: According to the AR-Cluster Network for the

week of Sunday, 1st/September, through Sunday, 8th/September there were

217 countries active. Countries available: 1S, 3A, 3B8, 3D2, 3DA, 3V, 3W,

4J, 4L, 4O, 4S, 4U1I, 4X, 5A, 5B, 5H, 5R, 5T, 5U, 5W, 5X, 5Z, 6Y, 7Q, 7X,

8P, 8Q, 9A, 9G, 9H, 9J, 9K, 9L, 9M2, 9M6, 9Q, 9U, 9V, 9Y, A4, A5, A6, A7,

A9, AP, BV, BY, C3, C9, CE, CM, CN, CP, CT, CT3, CU, CX, D4, DL, DU, E5/n,

E5/s, E6, E7, EA, EA6, EA8, EA9, EI, EK, EL, EP, ER, ES, ET, EU, EX, EY,

EZ, F, FG, FK, FM, FO, FR, FY, G, GD, GI, GJ, GM, GU, GW, H4, HA, HB, HB0,

HC, HH, HI, HK, HK0/a, HL, HP, HR, HS, HV, HZ, I, IS, J2, J3, J6, J7, JA,

JD/o, JT, JW, JX, JY, K, KH0, KH2, KH6, KH8, KL, KP2, KP4, LA, LU, LX, LY,

LZ, OA, OD, OE, OH, OH0, OK, OM, ON, OX, OY, OZ, P2, P4, PA, PJ2, PY,

PY0F, PZ, S0, S2, S5, S7, S9, SM, SP, ST, SU, SV, SV5, SV9, T30, T5, T7,

T8, TA, TF, TG, TI, TK, TN, TR, TT, TU, TZ, UA, UA2, UA9, UK, UN, UR, V3,

V5, V7, V8, VE, VK, VK9N, VP2E, VP8, VP9, VR, VU, XE, XU, XW, YA, YB, YL,

YN, YO, YU, YV, Z2, Z3, Z6, Z8, ZA, ZB, ZD7, ZD8, ZF, ZL, ZP, ZS

* PLEASE NOTE: The report “could” contain “Pirate/SLIM” operations or

more likely a “BUSTED CALLSIGN”. As always, you never know – “Work

First Worry Later”.

3W9, VIETNAM (Update). Jacek, SP5APW, and his wife are planning to visit

Dao Co To (AS-132) between September 27th and October 3rd. He plans to be

active as 3W9KJ. Activity will be mainly FT8/FT4 possibly on 40/30 meters

with some SSB (if conditions allow) using 100 watts into a wire. QSL via

his home callsign, direct, by the Bureau, LoTW or ClubLog’s OQRS.

5K0, SAN ANDREA ISLAND (Update). The 5K0K team that will be active from

San Andres Island (NA-033) around/between October 15-30th (see OPDX.1428),

now has a Web page at: http://www.cdxp.cz

6O, SOMALIA (Reminder). Ken, LA7GIA, will once again return to Somalia

and be active as 6O7O between September 14-28th. Activity will be on

160-10 meters mainly on CW. Activity on other modes (SSB, FT8) will be

limited and on 1-2 bands only. For more details, visit his Web page:

https://www.la7gia.com/where-next

QSL via M0OXO. Logs will be uploaded to ClubLog. Also, make sure you

read Ken’s “QSO & QSL Policy” on his Web page.

7Q, MALAWI. Operators Bill/KC4D (7Q7WW), Don/K6ZO (7Q6M) and Junior/7Q7JN

are currently active from Embangweni Mission Hospital at the Loudon Station

in Malawi as time and power allows. Activity has been on FT8, SSB and CW

modes. They have an amp, and are using a Hex Beam, as well as OCFD and

various other wire antennas. More details and QSL info to follow.

9G, GHANA (Reminder). Chip, KB1QU, will be active as 9G5QU between Sep-

tember 8-21st. Activity will be on 40/30/20 meters using CW, FT8 and

FT4. QSL via N4GNR direct.

9H, MALTA. Klaus, DL7OO (ex-DD1AY), will once again be active as 9H3GK

from Malta (EU-023) between September 29th and October 6th. He will have

with him his XYL Jacky, SWL Rolf from Cologne, Günter/DO5GS and Sven/DO2SS.

Activity will be holiday style on various HF bands (probably 80/40/20m

SSB). QSL via DL7OO by the Bureau.

C21, NAURU (Update/Change). Operators Yuris/YL2GM, Jack/YL2KA, Kaspars/

YL1ZF and Kristers/YL3JA will be active as C21WW (not C21W as first

announced) from Nauru (OC-031) after their Western Kiribati operation

(OPDX.1425) between September 16-25th. Activity will be on 160-6 meters,

possibly 60m, using CW, SSB, RTTY and FT8. The suggested frequencies are:

CW – 1826.5/1821, 3524, 7024, 10113, 14024, 18083, 21024, 24903 and 28024

SSB – 3790, 7090, 14190, 18140, 21290, 24940 and 28490

RTTY – 3583, 7043, 10143, 14083, 18105, 21083, 24923 and 28083

FT8(*) – 1836, 3565, 7070, 10143, 14090, 18095, 21090, 24910 and 28090 kHz

* – FT8 will be Fox & Hound mode

Split operation will always be used: QSX CW up 2 (160m down 2, for JA

1810-1820); and QSX SSB/RTTY up 5.

QSL via YL2GN direct or ClubLog (for direct or by the Bureau) for paper

QSLs. Full LoTW upload will be done 6 months after the end of the DX-

pedition. For more details and updates, see (new URL):

http://www.lral.lv/c21ww_t30l/index.html

Please do not send log correction requests. Corrections will not be

provided. All individual supporters 20 USDs+ will receive direct QSL.

Please do not send your QSL to them via Bureau – they are not required.

D6, COMOROS (Update). Members of the Mediterraneo Dx Club (MDXC) will be

active as D68CCC from Comoros Island (AF-007) between October 21st and

November 2nd. Operators are an International Team and are Ant/IZ8CCW

(Team Leader), Gaby/I2VGW (Co-Leader), Marco/IZ2GNQ, Eric/ON7RN, Axel/

DL6KVA, Gerd/DJ5IW, Gab/YO8WW, Feri/YO5OED, Karl/OE3JAG, Frans/ON4LO,

Marco/IZ3GNG, Fabio/IK4QJF, Dario/IT9ZZO, Steve/MW0ZZK, Jean Luis/F6BPZ,

Emir/9A6AA, Dan/LB3TI and Uwe/DL8OBF. Activity will be on 160-10 meters,

including 30/17/12m, using CW, SSB, RTTY and FT8. Suggested frequencies

are:

CW – 1823, 3519, 7010, 10109, 14019, 18069, 21019, 24891 and 28019 kHz

SSB – 3795, 7125, 14215, 18140, 21295, 24945 and 28019 kHz

RTTY – 3595, 7049, 10140, 14080, 18103, 21080, 24910 and 28080 kHz

FT8 – 1840, 3567, 7056, 10131, 14080, 18103, 21080, 24910 and 28080 kHz

They will listen for US Generals on 14280 kHz and UP.

They will listen for JA stations on 160m DOWN 5-6 kHz.

The FT8 frequency for JA stations on 160m is 1908 kHz

They plan to have 5 transceivers with 5 amps into various 5 to 6 band

Spiderbeams, verticals, Inverted L for 160m and Beverages (160/80m). QSL

via IK2VUC, by the Bureau, direct or OQRS. For more details and updates,

see: http://www.mdxc.org/d68ccc

E5, SOUTH COOK ISLANDS (Reminder/Update). Fred, DH5FS, will be active as

E51SFS from the South Cook Islands between September 8-25th. He is sched-

uled to operate from Rarotonga Island (OC-013) between September 8-16th,

and from Aitutaki Island, (OC-083) between September 20-25th. Activity

will be on various HF bands and modes. QSL via his home callsign or

ClubLog. Also, checkout the new ClubLog feature “LiveStream” at:

https://clublog.org/livestream/E51SFS

See details below under “QSL INFO AND NEWS” about the new ClubLog feature.

Fred is also on Twitter: https://twitter.com/dh5fs

E6, NIUE. Andrew, OZ5E, is now active as E6AN from Lakepa, Niue Island

(OC-040) until September 10th. On QRZ.com it states, “This is a “research”

activation to prepare for a DCA-expedition (Danish Contest Academy) later

in the sunspot cycle, so there will not be that much activity and it will

be a holiday operation.” Activity will be on 40/20/15 meters, maybe

160/80/17m and 10m if it is open. Modes will be mainly FT8 and SSB –

maybe some CW. QSL via OZ5E direct or LoTW. For more details, see:

http://www.oz5e.dk

FM, MARTINIQUE. Jim, N6TJ, will be active as FM5KC from the Ducos Radio

Club on Martinique (NA-107) during the CQWW DX CW Contest (November

23-24th) as a Single-Op/All-Band entry. QSL via LoTW, or F5VHJ direct

or by the REF Bureau.

FP, ST. PIERRE & MIQUELON (Update). Eric, KV1J, will once again be oper-

ating from the Island of Miquelon (NA-032, DIFO FP-002 WLOTA 1417, Grid

GN17) as FP/KV1J between September 24th and October 8th. This is his 13th

trip to the island. Activity will be on 160-6 meters (no 60M – not author-

ized) using CW, SSB, RTTY, FT8 (but primarily SSB, RTTY and FT8) and the

satellites. He will generally be on the highest frequency band that is

open (favoring 12/10m). He will be active in the CQWW DX RTTY Contest

(September 28-29th). ADDED NOTE: Eric will usually try to be on as many

Satellite passes as he can when the WX is good, generally favoring the

FO-29, XW-2x, AO-7, and possibly the FM birds. Eric states, “Equipment

is two FT-817s and an Arrow dual band yagi. I’ll favor the SSB birds

usually higher in the passband, but will also try FM if they do not get

too busy. Satellite logging is by paper so may not get loaded to LoTW

until the week after I return to the USA.” Weekends may be limited since

he will be concentrating on the low(er) bands and contests. QSL via KV1J,

direct or by the Bureau. Also eQSL, ClubLog and LoTW. For more details

and updates, check out his Web page at: http://www.kv1j.com/fp/Sep19.html

EA, SPAIN. Steve, K5YS, will be active as EA3/K5YS from Spain between

September 14-21st. Activity will be on 40-10 meters using CW and SSB.

QSL via K5YS.

IOTA NEWS…………..

EU-029. YL Rosel, DL3KWR, will once again be active using the special

callsign OZ6SYL of the Danish club of SYLRA (Scandinavian YL

Radio Amateurs) from near Faxe on Sjaelland Island between

September 9-23rd. Activity will be holiday style on CW. She

will also participate in the Scandinavian Activity CW Contest

[SAC] (September 21-22nd). QSL via OZ7AGR.

EU-165. Giuseppe, IK5WWA, will be active as IM0DAE from San Peter

Island (a small island southwest of Sardinia) between Sep-

tember 16-28th. Activity will be on all HF bands as well as

6 meters, 2 meters and 70 cm. QSL via his home callsign,

direct or by the Bureau.

NA-077. Eric, VA2IDX, will once again be active as VA2IDX/p from

Anticosti Island between November 2-6th. Activity will be

sporadic around 2000z and 0200z. Operations will be on 40/20

meters using QRP SSB and maybe CW. QSL via his home callsign,

direct, by the Bureau eQSL.

NA-211. (Reminder) By the time you read this, operators Yuri/N3QQ,

Cezar/VE3LYC, Sandro/VE7NY and Adrian/KO8SCA should be active

as K7TRI from the rare IOTA Tillamook Rock until September

9th. This IOTA is in demand by almost 94% of IOTA members,

and has been on the air only once in 21 years. Activity will

be on 40-17 meters using CW and SSB. This is a very expensive

and challenging project, and they are actively looking for

possible support from IOTA chasers and DXers at large. All

donors will be promptly acknowledged on their Web site at:

http://k7tri.weebly.com

QSL via VE3LYC, direct or by the Bureau. The preferred method

is ClubLog (for direct or by the Bureau).

CORSICAN IOTA TOUR (Reminder). Laurent, F8BBL, will be active as TK19IOTA

from the following Corsican IOTA islands between now and Sep-

tember 22nd: Corsica (EU-014), Iles Cerbicale (EU-100), Lavezzi

Archipelago (EU-164) and Sanguinaires Islands (EU-104). He

will also activate one SOTA: Capo Di Locu (TK/TK-148). Activity

will be holiday style on various HF bands using a KX3 Elecraft

+ MP1 Antenna. QSL via F8BBL, direct, by the Bureau or LoTW.

For updates, watch: http://rnb.dx-cw.net

PLEASE NOTE: Since the Webmasters of the new <www.iota-world.org> have

decided NOT to post or dedicate a Web page to announce upcoming IOTA

operations, PLEASE send your IOTA operations information to the OPDX,

and we will post it here in an upcoming bulletin……

JW, SVALBARD. By the time you read this, members of the IO9A Team (the

operators mentioned are: Antonello/IT9YVO, Dario/IT9SSI and Francesco/

IZ7KHR) will be active as JW/IT9YVO, JW/IT9SSI and JW/IZ7KHR, respectively,

from the Radio Club JW5E in Longyearbyen, Spitsbergen Island, Svalbard

Islands (EU-026), until September 10th. Activity will be on 160-10 meters

using mainly CW, SSB and some RTTY or FT8. Antennas are an OptiBeam Yagi

on high bands and wires on the low bands. QSL via their home callsigns,

and ClubLog/LoTW will be uploaded after their DXpedition. For more details,

see: https://io9a.it/jw-2019

ADDED NOTES. Spitsbergen is the largest and only permanently populated

island of the Svalbard archipelago in northern Norway. Constituting the

westernmost bulk of the archipelago, it borders the Arctic Ocean, the

Norwegian Sea, and the Greenland Sea. Spitsbergen covers an area of

37,673 km2 making it the largest island in Norway and the 36th-largest

in the world. The administrative center is Longyearbyen.

OPDX MAILING LIST (Just A Reminder). The “new” OPDX Mailing List is back up

and running! Details on how to subscribe/unsubscribe are at the bottom of

this bulletin. PLEASE pass the word around…. Thanks and 73 de Tedd KB8NW

PACIFIC (DXPEDITION) TOUR ALMOST DID NOT HAPPENED (Update). Heli, DD0VR,

(along with XYL Bigi, DE3BWR) informed OPDX on Monday that their Fiji

“DXpedition ends here.” Heli explains that after two visits to the Fiji

Customs Bureau, and having endless discussions, the couple was told that

they would have to pay three times 1540 Fijian dollars (700 USDs) for

their transmitters & amp in order to take their equipment into the three

islands they planned to operate from (Fiji, Samoa and Tonga). So Heli/

DD0VR and XYL Bigi/DE3BWR then decided to make their trip a “normal

holiday” and pick-up their equipment on the way back to Germany. At

this point, they were very disappointed. However, on Wednesday, thanks

from some help by Tevita Navila (Telecommunications Authority of Fiji),

Tony/3D2AG and Bernie/W3UR of The Daily DX, Heli was able to retrieve

his equipment and was able to be active as 3D2VR from Fiji for a few days.

By the time you read this, Heli (along with his XYL) will be heading

to Samoa and should be active as 5W0VR from Samoa sometime between Sep-

tember 9-16th. Activity will be on various HF bands and modes. QSL via

DD0VR. Next stop will be Tonga, Heli will be signing as A35JY between

September 16-21st.

PJ4, BONAIRE (Reminder). Randy, K5SL, should now be active as PJ4/K5SL

from Bonaire (SA-006) until September 14th. Activity will be on 40/30/

20/17 meters using mainly CW, but possibly some 17 meters SSB. QSL via

his home callsign.

PROPAGATION FORECAST/REPORT (September 9-15th)…….

Sep/09th HN Sep/12th AN Sep/14th AN

Sep/10th AN Sep/13th AN Sep/15th AN

Sep/11th AN

SOLAR REFERENCE KEYS/INDEXES AND GEOMAGNETIC REFERENCE

——————————————————

NORMALITY GEOMAG K Values Alpha

—————– —— ——– ——

AN – Above Normal Quiet K=0-1 0-7

HN – High Normal Unsettled K=2 8-15

LN – Low Normal Active K=3 16-29

BN – Below Normal Minor Storm K=4 30-49

DIS – Disturbed Major Storm K=5 50-99

VRY DIS – Very Disturbed Severe Storm K=6-9 100-400

Meanwhile, check out the following Web sites for propagation:

* VOACAP predication Web page at: http://www.voacap.com/hf

and http://www.voacap.com/prediction.html

* DX.QSL.NET Propagation page: https://dx.qsl.net/propagation

* A daily HF radio wave propagation forecast can be found at:

https://www.facebook.com/thomasfranklingiellaw4hm

* SolarHam Web page: http://www.solarham.net

* Radio Propagation/Space Weather/Sunspot Cycle Information at:

http://sunspotwatch.com

* Monthly propagation charts between four USA regions and twelve

overseas locations are at: http://arrl.org/propagation

* Information and tutorials on propagation are at: http://k9la.us

* Graphic propagation tool by DR2W: http://www.dr2w.de/dx-propagation

* Point to point propagation at: http://www.predtest.uk/p2p.html

* Realtime propagation at: http://www.predtest.uk

* Also on Twitter: https://twitter.com/@GiellaW4hm

QSL INFO AND NEWS……………….

QSL-INFO from DB0SDX by Lothar, DL1SBF (www.qslinfo.eu)(September 7th)

————————————————————————-

3Z50KP via SP5KP (d/L) HF20RCN via SP2MKO PH100KLM via PA3DVA

9U3TMM via IV3TMM & (L) II1FGC via IQ1GE PS8MT via PS8MT (d/L)

DL0SKCC via DJ7MH & (L) II3L via IQ3MV SK6W via SM6CTQ

EA5/PA3FOC via PA3FOC IQ5WT/P via 9A8MDC SV9/KC8JNV via KC8JNV

EG8SDC via EA1AUM & (L) KH0/WB6Z via JF1OCQ T6/IT9HRK via IT9HRK

EM225FA via UT7FA LY30BW via LY2QT TC0Z via TC0Z (O/L)

EN0KRI/P via UX0KR OL250VEK via OK1KQI TK/F1UAU/P via F1UAU

EV0BREST via EW3W (d/O) OT8B via ON1CH UP55GA via DL8KAC (d)

EX0QP via SP6OJK OU29EU via OZ1GML (d/L) ZZ40ZT via PT7ZT (d/L)

GB9LAH via M0KPW PC75BOA via PA0FAW

(e) eQSL only (d) direct only (B) Bureau only (*-B) DX’s- Bureau

(O) OQRS only (C) ClubLog only (L) LoTW only (N) No QSL needed

(I) No IRC (P) PayPal (NB) No Bureau

LOGS ONLINE AT CLUBLOG.ORG THIS WEEK……

https://secure.clublog.org/logsearch/6O7O

https://secure.clublog.org/logsearch/9U3TMM (Updated)

https://secure.clublog.org/logsearch/C21WW

https://secure.clublog.org/logsearch/J68HZ (Updated)

https://secure.clublog.org/logsearch/KL7RRC/P

https://secure.clublog.org/logsearch/MD/OP2D

https://secure.clublog.org/logsearch/T30L

https://secure.clublog.org/logsearch/VP6R

CLUBLOG’S LIVE STREAM DASHBOARD (By Michael Wells, G7VJR). There is

a new feature available on ClubLog to all users and expeditions. “Makes

sense when combined with real-time uploads, can be embedded on Web

pages”, states Michael. For more details, see:

https://clublog.freshdesk.com/support/solutions/articles/3000092445-using-club-log-live-streams

CY9C LOTW UPLOAD. Randy, N0TG, reports [edited]: “Per Phil, VA3QR, and

Bill, K6DHY, the CY9C Sable Island DXpedition Log has been uploaded to

LoTW. If there are still missing contacts of any mode, please E-mail

the contact to ([email protected]) with date, time, mode, frequency and

your callsign.”

QSLS RECEIVED VIA LoTW: CY9C, D2EB, H44MI, KN0E/KH3 and ZS1SBW

QSLS RECEIVED VIA MAIL: 1A0C, 3B9VB, 5T9VB, FH/UA4WHX, PZ5RA, XR0ZRC

and XR1RRC

QSLS RECEIVED VIA THE BUREAU: 3W2MAE, 4L1MA, 4O/LB9N, 5X8EW, 9K2GS,

AZ0H, C81G (AF-061), EA8ZS, FG8NY, HB0/ON5UR, JW3TR, LT7F, LU1AS, LU3CM,

LU6DC, LU7EV, LU8EKC, LU8HH, LV5V, LW9DYQ, OH0/DL6UAA, RI1ANF, T31EU,

T48G, TA1OSN, TA2JU, TA3AHJ, TC100ATA, YE450ARV, Z38/DL8DBW and ZA1ANF

— We would like to see more QSL Bureaus (such as AS/US/SA/AF.. etc)

to send in their info….

REBEL DX GROUP NEWS. Tack, JE1CKA, announced on Twitter this past week:

“T33T #Banaba has been postponed to next year. I will do my best to 3Y0I.

I think the details will be announced around October.”

S79GJ SEYCHELLES DXPEDITION (Update). Lance, W7GJ, will be active as S79GJ

from La Digue Island (AF-024, WW Loc. LI75vp), Seychelles, between September

20th and October 5th. Lance informs OPDX this past week of the following:

“All the equipment has been set up and checked and then packed up to go

on the plane with me to S79. This is primarily a 6m EME DXpedition, but

I have packed a 20m dipole and may also get on 20m FT8 during the first

few days of October. Full details are on my website:

http://www.bigskyspaces.com/w7gj/Seychelles%202019.htm

Although the CP1GJ 6m EME DXpedition in May was a big success, I am

especially excited about S79GJ because nobody from NA has ever contacted

S79 before on 6m. This is especially well suited to NA horizon-only

stations during their moonrise…. GL and VY 73, Lance”

QSL via his home callsign direct.

T30, WESTERN KIRIBATI. Operators Yuris/YL2GM, Jack/YL2KA, Kaspars/YL1ZF

and Kristers/YL3JA are now active as T30L from Western Kiribati (OC-017)

before their Nauru operation (see C2 above) until September 15th. Activity

will be on 160-6 meters, possibly 60m, using CW, SSB, RTTY and FT8. Their

suggested frequencies are above under “C2, NAURU”. QSL via YL2GN direct

or ClubLog (for direct or by the Bureau) for paper QSLs. Full LoTW upload

will be done 6 months after the end of the DXpedition. For more details

and updates, see (new URL): http://www.lral.lv/c21ww_t30l/index.html

Please do not send log correction requests. Corrections will not be

provided. All individual supporters 20 USDs+ will receive direct QSL.

Please do not send your QSL to them via Bureau – they are not required.

T6, AFGHANISTAN (Reminder/Update). Robert, S53R (ex-YA5T), is once again

active from Kabul as of September 4th, signing T6AA and may continue

until the summer 2021. He will be there for two years working with the

UN World Food Program. Robert has been issued two callsign: T6AA and T6A

(to be used during contest). Activities outside of the contests will be

limited to his free time, but he plans to be on 160-6 meters using CW,

SSB and the Digital modes. He was heard early in the week on 60/30/20/17

meters CW and FT8 as early as 0700z and as late as 2300z. QSL via S53R,

LoTW or ClubLog.

T8 PALAU. Operators Yas/JA6UBY (T88RR), Hiro/JM1LIG (T88FM) and YL Miyo/

JO3LVG (T88MK) will once again be active from Koror Island (OC-009) between

September 12-20th. Activity will be on 160-6 meters using CW, SSB, FM and

the Digital modes (FT8, JT9 and JT65). QSL T88RR via JA6UBY direct only

or eQSL. QSL T88FM via JM1LIG direct only. QSL T88MK via JO3LVG, direct,

by the Bureau or eQSL.

V3, BELIZE. Members of the “7163 DX Group” (http://www.7163net.com/) will

use the special callsign (assigned by the Belize Public Utilities Commission

for the use during special events) V3M from Belize during the CQWW DX SSB

Contest (October 26-27th). QSL via WB2REM or ClubLog’s OQRS. Operators

mentioned are Chuck/N6OJ (V31CT), Jim/WB2REM (V31MM), V31NY, Steve/W4SJT

Nancy/KG0YL (V31ST) and John/K3MA (V31ZZ). Look for operators to be active

outside of the contest using their own Belize callsign. The team will be

at Maya Hill Lodge in the Cayo District of Belize between October 23-30th.

Activity will be on various HF bands using CW, SSB, FT8, FT4 and possibly

EME. Look for more details to be forthcoming.

WH0, MARIANA ISLANDS (Reminder). Harry, JG7PSJ/JD1BMH/KW2X, will once

again be active as WH0RU from Saipan (OC-086) between September 15-22nd.

Activity will be on 40-10 meters using CW, SSB and RTTY. QSL via LoTW

or direct to JG7PSJ. For possible updates, watch: http://jg7psj.starfree.jp

***********************************************************************

TO BE ADDED TO THE OPDX MAILING LIST — Click or send requests to:

Subscribe: (mailto:[email protected]?subject=subscribe)

Unsubscribe: (mailto:[email protected]?subject=unsubscribe)

Just a reminder, you can still obtain the OPDX Bulletins via the

OPDX Web page (provided by John, K8YSE) [http://www.papays.com/opdx.html],

QRZ.com (under Forums; News; Special Events, Contests.. etc.), several

DX Mailing Lists, and two different UseNet Groups (rec.radio.info and

rec.radio.amateur.dx). The weekly bulletin (issue # from the OPDX Web

page URL) is also posted on the following Media pages:

NODXA FaceBook — https://www.facebook.com/NorthernOhioDxAssociation

Twitter — https://twitter.com/kb8nw_opdx

ALSO VISIT THE NORTHERN OHIO DX ASSOCIATION’S WEB PAGES AT:

http://www.nodxa.org/

http://www.facebook.com/NorthernOhioDxAssociation

***********************************************************************

* All excerpts and distribution of “The OPDX Bulletin” are granted as

long as KB8NW/OPDX/BARF80 receives credit.

** To contribute DX info, please send via InterNet Mail to:

([email protected]) or ([email protected])

Information can now be faxed to the following phone line at:

1-419-828-7791 (F A X only!)

……. 73 de Tedd KB8NW

/EXIT

***********************************************************************

Tedd Mirgliotta, KB8NW – E-mail addresses:

<[email protected]> or <[email protected]>

Editor of the Ohio/Penn DX Bulletin (OPDX – DXer’s Tool of Excellence)

President of the “Northern Ohio DX Association” (NODXA)

DX Chairman for the “Northern Ohio Amateur Radio Society

ARRL Assistant Director of the Great Lakes Division

Sysop of the “Basic Amateur Radio Frequency BBS” (BARF80.ORG)

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resultslotterykerala · 7 years ago

Text

Akshaya LOTTERY NO. AK-310th DRAW held on 13/09/2017

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0 notes

toneedekiko · 7 years ago

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DO’A KETIKA BERBUKA PUASA, DO’A YANG MUSTAJAB ` “Sesungguhnya do’a orang yang berpuasa ketika berbuka tidaklah tertolak”. Jadi jangan lupakan memohon hajat lewat do’a setiap kita berbuka. Imam Ibnu Majah menyebutkan beberapa hadits yang menyebutkan bahwa secara umum, do’a orang yang berpuasa adalah do’a yang mustajab. ` عَنْ أَبِى هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « ثَلاَثَةٌ لاَ تُرَدُّ دَعْوَتُهُمُ الإِمَامُ الْعَادِلُ وَالصَّائِمُ حَتَّى يُفْطِرَ وَدَعْوَةُ الْمَظْلُومِ » ` Dari Abu Hurairah, ia berkata bahwa Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda, “Ada tiga do’a yang tidak tertolak: (1) do’a pemimpin yang adil, (2) do’a orang yang berpuasa sampai ia berbuka, (3) do’a orang yang terzholimi.” (HR. Tirmidzi no. 3595, Ibnu Majah no. 1752) Juga ada hadits, عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- « إِنَّ لِلصَّائِمِ عِنْدَ فِطْرِهِ لَدَعْوَةً مَا تُرَدُّ » ' Dari ‘Abdullah bin ‘Amr bin Al ‘Ash, ia berkata bahwa Rasulullah shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda, “Sesungguhnya do’a orang yang berpuasa ketika berbuka tidaklah tertolak.” (HR. Ibnu Majah no. 1753) Referensi: Zaadul Ma’ad fii Hadyi Khoiril ‘Ibad, Ibnu Qayyim Al Jauziyah, tahqiq: Syu’aib Al Arnauth dan ‘Abdul Qadr Al Arnauth, terbitan Muassasah Ar Risalah, cetakan keempat, tahun 1425 H. ` 📝 By @toneedekiko #ToneeDeKiko #GenerasiMudaIslam #MuslimMudaMenginspirasi #dakwah #syiar #tausiyah #ilmu #tauhid #sunnah #syariat #islam #hadits #nabi #rasulullah #shahih #meme #muslim #muslimah #berkah #bulan #puasa #ramadhan #Indonesia #Malaysia

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jbpiggin · 8 years ago

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Extreme Fasting

Extremism is generally a disapproving word, but adepts are always ready to cheer an enticement they can follow to its most gruesome extreme. Some time ago I edited a health story about extreme anorexics (Motto: It's impossible to be too thin) and I had to think of them when I saw the image below of monks in a threadbare, emaciated state, presumably from long self-deprivation. The image is found in a newly digitized penitential canon, from the Vatican Greek collection. This depicts extreme self-mortification associated with the eastern monastic tradition. The second illumination below shows monks being encouraged by the Blessed Virgin in heaven (the female figure in the window at top right).

Here are 21 new items recently placed on the BAV digital portal:

Reg.lat.337, a major Gregorian sacramentary from the first half of the 9th century

Urb.lat.432

Urb.lat.531

Urb.lat.1495

Urb.lat.1576

Urb.lat.1579

Urb.lat.1587

Vat.lat.507

Vat.lat.510

Vat.lat.1264

Vat.lat.1270

Vat.lat.1280

Vat.lat.1284

Vat.lat.1287

Vat.lat.1344

Vat.lat.1346, legal text, containing a most unusual arbor juris diagram with two men stacked on top of one another at folio 128r

Vat.lat.1347 This is a manuscript written between ca 850 and 875 near Rheims containing one of the main penitential handbooks, the Collectio canonum quadripartita (Wikipedia), an elaborate codification of sins. The Collectio is a main foundation for medieval canon law, and this manuscript, though incomplete, is the oldest. The manuscript was written when the compilation (by an unidentified author) was still fresh.

Vat.lat.3249

Vat.lat.3595

Vat.lat.13442.pt.2

Vat.gr.1754 - an important penitential canon (above)

The Digital Palatine Library in Heidelberg has recently brought online 66 new Vatican manuscripts:

Pal. lat. 1121 Avicenna; Ludovicus de Florentia: Fen quarta libri Canonis quarti (Heidelberg, 1476)

Pal. lat. 1123 Avicenna; Angelus ; Bernardus ; Poll, Nicolaus; Arnoldus ; Ibn-al-Ǧazzār, Aḥmad Ibn-Ibrāhīm; Konrad Weigand: Medizinischer Sammelband (Ongolstadt , Freising, 1514-1539)

Pal. lat. 1125 Avicenna: Canonis Libri tertius et quarti fen prima et secunda (Italien (?), 13./14. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1128 Gentilis : Expositio super libri tertii canonis Avicennae (Deutschland, Anfang 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1129 Gentilis ; Jacobus ; Gerardus ; Avicenna: Medizinische Sammelhandschrift (Heidelberg, 1452-1455)

Pal. lat. 1130 Gentilis : Expositio super primam et tertiam fen libri tertii Canonis Avicennae (Italien, 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1133 Jacobus : Expositio primi libri Canonis Avicennae (Italien (Padua?), 1441)

Pal. lat. 1139 Johannes : Medizinische Sammelhandschrift (Ingolstadt, 1532-1544)

Pal. lat. 1143 Isrāʾīlī, Isḥāq Ibn-Sulaimān /al-; Bartholomaeus de Vallone; Constantinus ; Richardus de Montepessulano; Baron, Roger: Medizinische Sammelhandschrift (Frankreich, 13./14. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1144 Isidorius; Johannes de Sancto Paulo; Archimatthaeus; Arnoldus ; Ps.-Albertus; Magister Salernus; Thomas ; Petrus ; Rāzī, Muḥammad Ibn-Zakarīyā /ar-: Medizinische Sammelhandschrift (Heidelberg (I), 2. Hälfte 15. Jh. (I) ; 14. Jh. (II))

Pal. lat. 1145 Antidotarium Nicolai (Nordwestdeutschland, 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1147 Maimonides, Moses; Marcus Johannes Senensis; Gentilis ; Saladinus ; Christophorus : Medizinischer Sammelband (Handschrift mit Inkunabeldrucken) (Heidelberg, Letztes Drittel 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1148 Mesue Minor: Libri de consolatione medicinarum simplicium solutivarum (Anfang 14. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1149 Mesue Minor; Arnoldus ; Constantinus ; Gerardus Bituricensis: Medizinische Sammelhandschrift (Paris, 1. Hälfte 14. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1150 Mesue Minor; Matthaeus : Medizinische Sammelhandschrift (14. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1151 Rāzī, Muḥammad Ibn-Zakarīyā /ar-: Continens, Vol. I, libri I-IX (Italien, 13./14. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1152 Rāzī, Muḥammad Ibn-Zakarīyā /ar-: Continens, Vol. III, libri XVIIIb-XXV (Heidelberg, 2. Drittel 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1153 Gerardus ; Arnoldus ; Dinus de Florentia; Ibn-Ǧazla, Yaḥyā Ibn-ʿ'Īsā; Zahrāwī, Ḫalaf Ibn-Abbās /az-; Albertus : Medizinische und naturphilosophische Sammelhandschrift (Paris, 14. Jh. (1358))

Pal. lat. 1154 Gerardus ; Jacoby, Johann: Medizinische Sammelhandschrift (Montpellier, 1365)

Pal. lat. 1155 Gerardus ; Arnoldus ; Dinus de Florentia; Montagna, Bartolomeo: Medizinische Sammelhandschrift (2. Hälfte 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1156 Rāzī, Muḥammad Ibn-Zakarīyā /ar-; Bernardus : Medizinischkanonistische Sammelhandschrift (13./14. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1164 Constantinus ; Mattaeus Platearius; Aegidius Corbolensis; Richardus ; Trotula: Medizinische Sammelhandschrift (Frankreich, 13./14. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1165 Constantinus ; Gerardus Bituricensis; Gerardus de Montepessulano; Richardus ; Maurus ; Johannes ; Armengaudus ; Lanfrancus : Medizinischer Sammelband (13.Jh. ; 14. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1166 Johannes : Medizinischer Sammelhandschrift (Südfrankreich, 13./ 14. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1527 Cicero, Marcus Tullius; Aristoteles: De officiis ; Politica (Deutschland, 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1528 Cicero, Marcus Tullius: Opera (Italien, 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1532 Cicero, Marcus Tullius: De officiis (Italien, 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1533 Cicero, Marcus Tullius: De officiis (Italien, 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1535 Cicero, Marcus Tullius: De officiis (Italien (Venedig?), 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1536 Cicero, Marcus Tullius: Opera (Italien, 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1539 Seneca, Lucius Annaeus : Sammelhandschrift (Italien, 14. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1544 Seneca, Lucius Annaeus : Excerpta controuersarium (Italien, 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1545 Seneca, Lucius Annaeus : Sammelhandschrift (Deutschland, 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1559 Plinius Secundus, Gaius: Naturalis historia (Italien (Florenz), 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1742 Notae et excerpta (Heidelberg, um 1525-27)

Pal. lat. 1743 Brucioli, Antonio: Parabole, proverbi et sententie (Italien, 3. Viertel 16. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1766 Alexander : Doctrinale pueorumcum commento (Süddeutschland (Augsburg ?), 1486)

Pal. lat. 1767 Johannes ; Petrus Dresdensis : Sammelhandschrift (Tschechien (?), 1419)

Pal. lat. 1777 Hugutio: Liber dervationum (Deutschland, 1394)

Pal. lat. 1778 Twinger von Königshofen, Jakob: Vocabularius brevilogus (Deutschland (?), 1474)

Pal. lat. 1780 Heinricus Ratisbonensis (?); Engelhusius, Theodoricus: Vocabularius brevilogus (Süddeutschland, 1456)

Pal. lat. 1781 Closener, Fritsche: Vocabularius Ex quo ; Ars dictandi (Südwestdeutschland (Rheinpfalz ?), 1446/ um 1536)

Pal. lat. 1782 Vocabularius Ex quo (Süddeutschland, Mitte 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1784 Vocabularius optimus (Südwestdeutschland, Mitte 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1786 Guarino ; Gasparinus Barzizius ; Fliscus, Stephanus: Sammelhandschrift (Italien, 2. Hälfte 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1788 Johannes : Synonyma ; Aequivoca (Süddeutschland (?), 1. Hälfte 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1790 Vocabularius Ex quo (Oberelsaß (?), 1415)

Pal. lat. 1791 Cicero, Marcus Tullius; Ovidius Naso, Publius; Johannes Fabri de Werdea; Venantius ; Matheolus Perusinus; Caccialupus, Johannes Baptista: Humanistische Sammelhandschrift (Süddeutschland, 2. Hälfte 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1792 Vincentius Gruner: Compendiusm rhetoricae scientiae (Hildesheim (?), 1454)

Pal. lat. 1793 Sammelhandschrift (Südwestdeutschland, um 1420-1430 (III), um 1450-1460 (II), 2. Hälfte 15. Jh. (IV, V), 1475 (I))

Pal. lat. 1795 Poggio Bracciolini, Gian Francesco: Facetiae (Italien, 1. Hälfte 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1796 Griffolini, Francesco; Rinucius : Sammelhandschrift (Italien, 1463)

Pal. lat. 1797 Distributio virtutum iuxta decalogum (Rheinpfalz, 1585)

Pal. lat. 1798 Luder, Peter: Exempla epistolarum (Heidelberg, um 1459)

Pal. lat. 1799 Flavius Guillelmus Ramundus; Johannes Zacharias ; Rolandinus ; Perger, Bernhard; Johannes ; Sixtus : Sammelhandschrift (Heidelberg (?), Konstanz (?), Ende 15. Jh., 1517)

Pal. lat. 1800 Virulus, Carolus; Fliscus, Stephanus; Ugolinus Parmensis: Humanistische Sammelhandschrift (Süddeutschland (?), 1463, nach 1482)

Pal. lat. 1802 Sententiae ; Colloquia ad usum puerorum (Bayern, um 1530)

Pal. lat. 1803 Johannes Sebastianus Aquila: Collectanea (München, 1554-1557)

Pal. lat. 1804 David Felix Reuter: Oratio votiva (Heidelberg, 1611)

Pal. lat. 1807 Nikolaus : Sermones (Augsburg (?), 1446)

Pal. lat. 1808 Nikolaus : Sermones (Süddeutschland (Franken ?), um 1435-1445)

Pal. lat. 1810 Contrasto della ipocrisia et della sapienza (Italien, 3. Viertel 16. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1813 Gottfried : Liber pantheon (Süddeutschand (?), 1. Hälfte 15. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1816 Nicolaus Caesareus: Prognostica (Wittenberg, 1557)

Pal. lat. 1839 Bèze, Théodore ¬de¬: Dictata in sextum et septimum caput epistolae I ad corinthios (Süddeutschland (?), 2. Hälfte 16. Jh.)

Pal. lat. 1841 Peucer, Kaspar: De coena domini (Deutschland, 3. Drittel 16. Jh.)

This is Piggin's Unofficial List number 105. If you have corrections or additions, please use the comments box below. Follow me on Twitter (@JBPiggin) for news of more additions to DigiVatLib. via Blogger http://ift.tt/2kSgUlN

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theexclusivestory · 8 months ago

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Perihelion and Aphelion: Earth's Dance with the Sun

Perihelion and Aphelion, the two significant points in Earth's annual journey around the Sun, mark the times when our planet's orbit is closest to and farthest from the Sun, respectively. These celestial events play a crucial role in shaping our planet's climate, seasons, and overall astronomical dynamics, as Earth's orbit is not a perfect circle but rather an elliptical shape. Read more

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theexclusivestory · 8 months ago

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Is the Universe Infinite or not?

Since humans first started thinking deeply, they've been really curious about the universe – how big it is and what it's made of. One question that's stuck around for a long time is whether the universe goes on forever or if it has an end. We're going to take a closer look at this big question, using the latest science, ideas from philosophy, and what it might mean if the universe is infinite.

Defining Infinity

Before we dive into whether the universe goes on forever, let's understand what infinity means. Infinity is like endlessness - it's something that doesn't have a limit or an end. In math, infinity is like saying something is bigger than anything you can think of. But when we talk about the universe being infinite, it's not just about size. It means the universe doesn't have a boundary, not just in space but also in time and in ideas.

Cosmological Perspectives

For a long time, scientists have been trying to figure out how big the universe is and what it's made of. This is called cosmology. Scientists have come up with different ideas about whether the universe goes on forever or if it has an end. Imagine the universe is like a big puzzle, and scientists are trying to put the pieces together. They've come up with different pictures of what the puzzle might look like. Some pictures show the universe going on forever, while others show it having an end. These different ideas about the universe are called cosmological models. Each model gives us a different way to think about whether the universe is infinite or if it has boundaries.

Long ago, scientists had a theory called the "Steady State Theory". They thought that the universe was infinite, meaning it goes on forever in all directions and has always been around. They believed that new stuff was always being made to keep the universe looking the same everywhere.

But then, scientists found something called the cosmic microwave background radiation. This discovery gave strong evidence for a different theory called the Big Bang theory. This new theory suggests that the universe started from a tiny, incredibly dense point and has been expanding ever since. Because of this discovery, people stopped believing in the Steady State Theory. Read More

#science #astronomy #space #universe #education #physics #ar 3595 #sol #sunspot #sunspot number #cosmology #information #solar system #outer space #night sky

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theexclusivestory · 8 months ago

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Unraveling the Legacy of Mars's Ancient Collision

Mars has always fascinated us with its strange landscapes and the possibility of finding signs of ancient life. But recently, scientists have uncovered something astonishing about its past. About 2.3 million years ago, a huge asteroid crashed into Mars, causing a massive impact. This event left behind more than two billion craters scattered all over the Martian surface. These craters are like scars, showing us just how violent the collision was. In this article, we'll talk about what this ancient crash means for our understanding of Mars' history and whether it could have supported life.

The Cosmic Ballet

In the vastness of space, planets and moons often collide or interact, changing their fate. Mars, though smaller than Earth, has experienced such events. About 2.3 million years ago, a huge asteroid slammed into Mars after traveling through space. This collision caused massive destruction, releasing a tremendous amount of energy onto the planet's surface.

The Impact

When the asteroid crashed into Mars, it caused a lot of damage all over the planet. The place where it hit created a massive hole, hundreds of kilometers wide. The impact was so powerful that it turned the rocks and dirt into vapor and sent strong shockwaves through Mars' surface. After the crash, a melted rock shot up, making tall peaks and rough edges around the hole. The land nearby was left with scars and holes, and pieces of debris fell over a large area.

Formation of Craters

After the chaos settled and Mars cooled down, what was left behind were countless craters. They varied in size, from tiny to huge, and each one showed how Mars had been hit by space rocks over millions of years. But the big crash 2.3 million years ago was different. It was way bigger than anything else that ever happened on Mars.

Two Billion Craters

After the asteroid hit Mars, it left behind a lot of craters. There are now more than two billion craters all over Mars, which shows just how many times it got hit. These craters are like time capsules because they keep the story of when things crashed into Mars and how the planet changed over time. By studying these craters, scientists can learn a lot about how Mars' land and weather changed over millions of years.

Geological Significance

The billions of craters on Mars are really important for understanding how the planet's surface has changed over time. Scientists look at where the craters are, how big they are, and what they look like to learn about Mars' history and what has happened to it. By studying how often new craters form, scientists can figure out how many space rocks hit Mars and how powerful those impacts are. Also, when newer craters cover up older ones, scientists can tell which ones came first and piece together a timeline of what happened on Mars.

Window into the Past

Mars' craters aren't just marks from things hitting the planet; they're like peepholes into its history. The big, really old ones can tell us about what Mars was like a long time ago, like if it had water and if it could support life. Certain things inside the craters, like hills in the middle or stepped edges, give us hints about what happened after something hit Mars, like how the ground bounced back or fell down. Scientists can look at these things to figure out how Mars changed over time, like what its climate was like and how its land formed.

Implications for Life

Studying the craters on Mars isn't just about rocks and dirt; it's also about finding signs of life beyond Earth. These craters could be like treasure chests, holding clues to organic materials that could give us hints about life on Mars. Even though asteroid impacts can cause a lot of damage, they can also create special places underground where water and heat mix together, making a cozy home for tiny life forms. Figuring out where these craters are and what they're like is super important for finding the best spots to search for life on Mars.

Future Exploration

The discovery of more than two billion craters on Mars shows why it's crucial to keep exploring and studying the planet. Robots like NASA's Perseverance rover and the upcoming Mars Sample Return mission are ready to find out new things hidden in Martian rocks and soil. By gathering and studying samples from different parts of Mars, scientists want to learn about its past water, weather, and if it could have supported life. Also, new technology helps us make detailed maps of Mars, helping scientists find interesting spots to study in better detail than ever before.

Conclusion

Around 2.3 million years ago, a really big asteroid crashed into Mars. This event left a lasting mark on the planet – over two billion craters are scattered all over its surface as a result. These craters are like silent reminders of the powerful collision that happened long ago. They tell us a lot about Mars' history, like what its climate and atmosphere were like in the past, and whether it could have supported life. As we keep exploring Mars, these craters will keep giving us new things to learn, helping us uncover more about this mysterious neighbor of ours in space.

FAQs

What is the scar of Mars? Valles Marineris is like a big crack in the surface of Mars. Scientists think it formed because Mars was cooling down, and at the same time, the ground was rising up in the western part of Mars called Tharsis. After that, things like wind and water made the crack wider.

What element was found in the Mars rock? Scientists have looked at some information and believe that the stuff that makes up most of the ground on Mars includes things like silicon, oxygen, iron, magnesium, aluminum, calcium, and potassium. These are the main parts of the rocks that form when lava cools down.

Can Mars have life again? On Mars, the surface gets a lot of harmful radiation from space, and the soil has chemicals that can harm tiny living things. Scientists agree that if there's any life on Mars, it's probably hiding underground where it's safer from these dangerous things on the surface. So, if we want to find life on Mars, we should look underground where it's more protected from the harsh conditions on the surface.

How was Mars killed? Mars had a problem because it was smaller than Earth. After about a billion years, its insides cooled down and became solid, which made its magnetic shield weak. Without this shield, Mars couldn't hold onto its atmosphere, so it slowly disappeared into space.

Is Mars hot or cold? Even though Mars might seem warm because of its reddish color, it's actually quite chilly! It's much farther from the Sun than Earth, about 50 million miles more distant. So, it doesn't get as much sunlight and warmth. Also, Mars isn't good at trapping whatever little heat it receives. So, overall, it stays pretty cold.

#science #astronomy #space #universe #education #physics #ar 3595 #sol #sunspot #sunspot number #solar system #planet #planets #mars #outer space #night #night sky #information #facts

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theexclusivestory · 7 months ago

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Difference between Lunar and Solar Eclipse

Humans have always been fascinated by the wonders of space, especially events like eclipses. Eclipses happen when celestial objects line up in certain ways. They give us a peek into how the stars and planets move around in space. In this article, we're going to talk about two cool things that happen in space: lunar and solar eclipses. They're different from each other but both are really interesting to learn about.

Understanding Lunar Eclipses

A lunar eclipse happens when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, and the Earth's shadow falls on the Moon. There are three types of lunar eclipses i.e. total, partial, and penumbral.

Total Lunar Eclipse During a total lunar eclipse, the Earth's shadow covers the Moon completely, making it look reddish. This happens because sunlight bends through Earth's atmosphere, filtering out shorter light waves and leaving longer, red ones that light up the Moon. A total lunar eclipse is a special event in the sky that many people find fascinating. It happens when the Earth passes between the Sun and the Moon, casting a shadow on the Moon. Unlike solar eclipses, which require special glasses to watch safely, lunar eclipses are totally safe to see without any special equipment. This makes them enjoyable for everyone who loves looking at the stars and planets.

Partial Lunar Eclipse During a partial lunar eclipse, only part of the Moon goes into the Earth's shadow, making it look a bit darker. It's not as dramatic as a total lunar eclipse, but it's still cool to see how the Moon, Earth, and Sun interact in space.

Penumbral Lunar Eclipse A penumbral lunar eclipse happens when the Moon moves through the faint outer part of Earth's shadow. During this eclipse, the Moon might appear slightly darker, but it's not as obvious as during total or partial eclipses. You have to look closely to notice the dimming of the Moon's surface during a penumbral lunar eclipse.

Understanding Solar Eclipses

A solar eclipse happens when the Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth, making its shadow fall on Earth's surface. There are three important types of solar eclipses i.e. total, partial, and annular.

Total Solar Eclipse During a total solar eclipse, the Moon covers the Sun completely, making it dark for a short time in some places. It's like a special show where we can see the Sun's outer layer called the corona, which looks like wispy strands reaching out into space. Seeing a total solar eclipse is something special that doesn't happen often. It only occurs when the Earth, Moon, and Sun line up just right, creating a path of darkness where the eclipse looks most amazing.

Partial Solar Eclipse During a partial solar eclipse, the Moon covers only part of the Sun, creating a shadow on Earth. It's not as intense as a total eclipse, but it's still cool to see. You can use special glasses to look at the Sun safely and see it as a crescent shape during the eclipse. Partial solar eclipses happen more often than total solar eclipses. They occur when the Earth, Moon, and Sun aren't perfectly lined up, so only part of the Sun gets covered by the Moon.

Annular Solar Eclipse During an annular solar eclipse, the Moon is farther away from the Earth, so it looks a bit smaller. This makes it seem like there's a ring of sunlight around the Moon during the eclipse because the Moon doesn't cover the Sun completely. Annular solar eclipses are special because they create a cool sight where the Sun looks like a glowing ring in the sky, surrounded by a dark Moon. It's pretty amazing to see!

Distinguishing Characteristics

While both lunar and solar eclipses involve the interplay of the Earth, Moon, and Sun, several key distinctions set them apart:

Positioning Lunar eclipses occur when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, casting its shadow on the lunar surface. A solar eclipse happens when the Moon moves in front of the Sun, blocking its light and casting a shadow on the Earth's surface.

Frequency Lunar eclipses are more common than solar eclipses, with at least two lunar eclipses occurring each year. Solar eclipses are comparatively rarer, with only a handful occurring annually and often visible from specific regions on Earth.

Duration During a lunar eclipse, the moon can be in shadow for a few hours. The total eclipse phase, when the moon is completely shadowed, can last from a few minutes to more than an hour. During a total solar eclipse, when the moon covers the sun completely, it only lasts for a few minutes in any specific area along its path.

Visibility Lunar eclipses are visible from any location on the night side of the Earth where the Moon is above the horizon during the eclipse. Solar eclipses can only be seen from certain places along the path where the eclipse is total. This means that not everyone can see them, only people in those specific areas can.

Conclusion

Lunar and solar eclipses are incredible events in the sky that people find fascinating. They happen when the Earth, Moon, and Sun line up in a special way. Although they both involve these three celestial bodies, they look different and have their own charm. When there's a total lunar eclipse, the Moon looks reddish and eerie. On the other hand, during a total solar eclipse, the Sun briefly disappears, and it gets dark for a moment. These events remind us of how amazing the universe is and encourage us to look up and think about what's out there beyond our planet.

FAQs

Is a lunar or solar eclipse more rare? Solar eclipses are rarer to see in one place on Earth compared to lunar eclipses. This is because of how things are positioned in space. During a lunar eclipse, when the Moon goes through Earth's shadow, it's visible from anywhere on Earth where the Moon is up in the sky. That's over half of the Earth.

What is the longest solar eclipse? The longest eclipse ever recorded happened a really long time ago, on June 15, 743 BC. It lasted for 7 minutes and 27.54 seconds. Scientists think the longest an eclipse could possibly last is 7 minutes and 32 seconds.

What makes a blood moon red? During a lunar eclipse, the Moon can appear red. This happens because the Earth blocks the sunlight from directly reaching the Moon, but some sunlight still gets through our atmosphere. When this sunlight passes through Earth's atmosphere, it scatters, and the red light bends around the Earth and onto the Moon. The more dust or clouds there are in our atmosphere during the eclipse, the redder the Moon looks. It's like the Moon is being painted with all the beautiful colors we see during sunrises and sunsets.

What eclipse takes 100 years? Solar eclipses happen quite often, with about 2 to 4 occurring each year. But the part of the Earth where the sun is completely blocked out, called totality, is only about 50 miles wide. This means that in any specific place on Earth, a total eclipse only happens once every hundred years or so. However, for some places, they can happen more frequently, maybe just a few years apart.

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itsgerges · 8 months ago

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