#3 Farm Laws in India | Explore Tumblr posts and blogs

dailyanarchistposts · 4 months ago

Text

India witnessed the rise of two large protest movements in last 2 years which saw millions taking to streets against the oppressive laws passed by the government. These were the Anti-CAA protests against the discriminative Citizenship Amendment Act (CAA), and the farmers protests against the 3 pro-corporate farm laws. During the Anti-CAA protests, the loudest voices of dissent have been the women, from housewives to grandmothers, lawyers to students, women across India have been at the forefront of this struggle. This female-driven political awakening has been most jubilantly epitomized by the sit-in protest at Shaheen Bagh, drawing a cross-generational, largely female crowd never seen in India before [1]. Then came the farmer protests, where millions of farmers took to streets to fight the anti-farmer legislation that was passed in the Indian parliament and to highlight the issues of agrarian crisis which has been growing in India for the last few decades. In these protests, there is an unprecedented solidarity being displayed in the daily rallies that draw out thousands of people all over Indian cities. There are no visible leaders calling out to people to protest in one mode or another, yet the country has found a way to speak truth to power [2].

The Shaheen Bagh protest was led mostly by Muslim women, in response to the passage of the discriminative and unconstitutional CAA passed by Parliament of India and the police attack on students of Jamia Millia Islamia University. Protesters agitated not only against the citizenship issues of the CAA, National Register of Citizens (NRC) and National Population Register (NPR), but also against economic crisis, rising inequality, police brutality, unemployment, poverty and for women’s safety. The protesters also supported farmer unions, unions opposing the government’s anti-labour policies and protested against attacks on academic institutions. The protest started with 10–15 local women, mostly hijab wearing Muslim housewives, but within days drew crowds of up to a hundred thousand, making it one of the longest sit-in protests of this magnitude in modern India. The Shaheen Bagh protest also inspired similar style protests across the country, such as those in Gaya, Kolkata, Prayagraj, Mumbai, Chennai and Bengaluru. The protesters at Shaheen Bagh, since 14 December 2019, continued their sit-in protest in New Delhi using non-violent resistance for 101 days until 24 March 2020 when it ended due to COVID-19 pandemic outbreak.

Most of the women who came to Shaheen Bagh protest were first-time protesters, mostly homemakers, who were standing up to the government [3]. This was the first time they came out on a national issue which cut across religious lines. Some came with their newborns and children and some were grandparents. The women were center of protests and men supported them from the sidelines. They were creative and strategic. They governed their worlds quietly from the background and knew when a crisis needed them to cross invisible boundaries and step into the foreground. They emerged into the public space to collectively confront a looming crisis [2]. Armed with thick blankets, warm cups of tea and songs of resistance, these women have braved one of the coldest winters Delhi faced in the last 118 years [4]. These women were drivers of this protest, joining in irrespective of caste and religion, taking turns to sit-in at the site. They broke down the historically prevailing gender binary of patriarchy and took control. They also destroyed the popular imagination claiming Muslim women as powerless and lacking agency.

Shaheen Bagh in many ways typifies the protest movement that erupted across India as it was leaderless. No political party or organization could claim to be leading the protest. Instead, it was fueled primarily by these women who were residents of working-class neighborhoods of Shaheen Bagh. Since it was a leaderless protest, it could not be terminated by a few prominent organizers [5]. When they tried to “called off” the protest citing interference of political parties and security threats, the women of Shaheen Bagh rejected it and decided to continue the protests. The movement had no formal organizers and thrived on a roving group of volunteers and the local women’s tenacity alone. The lack of leaders also confused the police who are clueless on whom to approach to make these women vacate the site.

The protesters were supported and coordinated by a diverse group of more than hundred volunteers, including local residents, students and professionals. These volunteers organized themselves around different tasks such as setting up makeshift stages, shelters and bedding; providing food, water, medicine, and access to toilet facilities; installing CCTV cameras, bringing in electric heaters, outside speakers and collecting donations [6]. Donations includes mattresses, an assortment of tables that form the foundation of the stage and endless cups of steaming tea that provide warmth on cold winter days. Local residents formed informal groups which coordinated security, speakers, songs, and cultural programs that happened on these makeshift stages. People distributed tea, snacks, biryani, sweets and other eatables at the protest site. Some donated wood logs to keep the protesters warm. Collection drives for blankets and other essentials were organized through social media. A health camp was also set up beside the camped protesters which provided medicines for them. Doctors and nurses along with medical students from different medical institutes and hospitals voluntarily joined for the purpose [7]. A group of Sikh farmers from Punjab came and set up a langer (free community kitchen) in the area.

The space was decorated with art and installations [8]. Stairways leading to the closed shops in the vicinity of the protest circle were transformed into a public library and art centre by student volunteers from Jamia along with the young children of Shaheen Bagh. Protest art became the voice of resistance and dissent during the event, and the area was covered in murals, graffiti, posters and banners [9]. A reading area called “Read for Revolution” had been set up with hundreds of crowd-sourced books as well as writing materials [10]. A nearby bus stop was converted into the Fatima Sheikh-Savitribai Phule library, which provided material on the country’s constitution, revolution, racism, fascism, oppression and various social issues [11]. Public reading spaces were created for the cause of dissent and to amplify the idea of education amongst the protesters of Shaheen Bagh. Since a majority of women of Shaheen Bagh have stepped out of their homes for the first time, this was an attempt to bring these women closer so that they read and facilitate the social change they exemplify. Besides young children, senior citizens, working people, domestic workers and many from Shaheen Bagh and nearby areas were occupying the area, choosing books or picking up colors and chart paper, while some also come to donate their old books and stationery.

लड़ो पढ़ाई करने को, पढ़ो समाज बदलने को (Fight To Read, Read To Change)

The children who were present alongside parents also participated in the protest. Most of these children would visit school in the morning before joining their parents at the protest site, which became an art space for many children [12]. They would express their thoughts and join in the protest through storytelling, poetry, puppetry, singing and painting. Student volunteers engaged the local children in reading, painting and singing, and held informal reading lessons.

Speeches, lectures, rap and shayari poetry readings were held every day [13]. Activists, artists and social workers came and gave talks on various issues faced by Muslims, Dalits, Adivasis, the disabled, LGBTQ people, and all those who are oppressed. The stage is democratic and hosts poets and professors, housewives and elders, civil society groups and civic leaders, actors and celebrities and of course students – from Jamia, JNU to the local government schools. A large number of women participate in open-mics to express their thoughts, many speaking in public for the first time. The protestors read the Preamble of the Constitution which reminds them of their rights of Liberty, Equality and Justice. If the Shaheen Bagh stage had a bias, it is towards women and those, from academia and elsewhere, who can educate them not just on CAA-NRC-NPR, but also the freedom struggle, Ambedkar, Gandhi and the ideas that animate the preamble to the constitution [13]. The chants of “inquilab zindabad (long live the revolution!)”and “save the Constitution” filled the site. At night people would watch films and documentaries which were screened on the site, about refugee crisis, anti-fascist struggles and revolution. Musical and cultural events were also conducted in solidarity with anti-CAA protests. This occupy protest provided an example of how to create a community without government support by voluntary association and mutual aid, make decisions in a democratic way where everyone takes part and decentralize power by having no organizers or leaders who control everything. These elements of anarchist organizing is also visible in the farmers’ protest.

Small and marginal farmers with less than two hectares of land account for 86.2% of all farmers in India, but own just 47.3% of the crop area. A total of 2,96,438 farmers have committed suicide in India from 1995–2015 [14]. 28 people dependent on farming die by suicide in India every day [15]. India is already facing a huge agrarian crisis and the 3 new laws have opened up door for corporatization of agriculture by dismantling the Minimum Support Price (MSP) leaving the farmers at the mercy of the big capitalist businesses.

The farmers protest began with farmers unions holding local protests against the farmer bills mostly in Punjab. After two months of protests, farmers from Punjab and Haryana began a movement named Dilli Chalo (Go to Delhi), in which tens of thousands of farmers marched towards the nation’s capital [16]. The Indian government used police to attack the protesters using water cannons, batons, and tear gas to stop them from entering Delhi. On 26 November 2020, the largest general strike in the world with over 250 million people, took place in support of the farmers [17]. A crowd of 200,000 to 300,000 farmers converged at various border points on the way to Delhi. As protest, farmers blocked the highways surrounding Delhi by sitting on the roads [18]. Transport unions representing 14 million truck drivers also came out in support of the farmers. The farmers have told the Supreme court of India that they won’t listen to courts if asked to back off. They organized a tractor rally with over 200,000 tractors on the Republic day and stormed the historic Red Fort [19]. The government barricaded the capital roads with cemented nails and trenches to stop farmers and electricity, Internet, and water supply were cut off from the protest sites.

Scores of langars, i.e. free community kitchens have been set up by farmer’s organizations and NGOs to meet the food needs of the hundreds of thousands of farmers in the farmers-camps that have sprung up on the borders of Delhi [20]. The farmers came fully equipped to prepare mass meals in these community kitchens with supplies coming from their villages daily. Tractors and trucks with sacks of vegetables and flour as well as cans of oil and milk arrive daily from villages and towns where pooling resources for community meals is a way of life. These langars work round the clock and provide free food without distinction of caste, class, or religion. Supporters of the farm protest often bring almonds, apples, sweets, and packaged water. They even supplied a machine that rolls out a thousand “rotis” every hour. Social media is used to collect blankets and other essentials for these protests who are braving the harsh winter. Many protestors camp on the roadside in the cold Delhi winter and spending nights curled up in tractor trailers. Volunteers have set up solar-powered mobile charging points, laundry stalls with washing machines, medical stalls for medicines, arranged doctors and nurses, dental camps and brought foot massage chairs for elderly protesters [21].

A makeshift school has been set up at the camp, called “Sanjhi Sathh” (a common place) to recreate a village tradition of holding discussions on important issues. Children from underprivileged families who are unable to attend school due to financial issues and the ongoing Covid-19 pandemic come to this tent. It has library, which displays biographies of Indian freedom fighter Bhagat Singh, revolutionary Che Guevara, and other books of various genres and newspapers in English, Hindi and Punjabi languages. Dozens of posters with slogans written on them cover every inch of the tarpaulin tents [22]. Farmers also installed CCTV cameras to keep a watch on the protest site and keep a record of what is happening and counter any narrative to discredit their protest. Farmers protest also saw participation of women coming out to protest in large numbers. Women farmers and agricultural workers were riding tractors from their villages and rallying to the protest sites, unfazed by the gruesome winter.

Just like Shaheen Bagh protest, this is a decentralized leaderless protest by hundreds of farmer unions. Even though the negotiations with the government are being attended by representatives of 32 farmer unions, they act as spoke persons who present the collective demand of all farmers. Whenever Government introduces a new proposal, the representatives come back to the unions where they sit together, discuss, debate and decide the future course of action together in a democratic way. Farmers are conducting Kisan Mahapanchayats (public meetings) which are attended by hundreds of thousands of people in villages around Delhi, UP, Punjab, Rajasthan and Haryana to discuss strategies and ways to put pressure on the government. It was this decentralization that made the protest robust and overcome the condemnation around violence during Republic day Truck Rally. Even though many farm union leaders called for ending the protest, the farmers remained steadfast in their decision to not go back till the laws were repelled.

The sites of the two protests mentioned above can be compared to the Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone (CHAZ) that was set up in Capitol Hill neighborhood of Seattle, Washington by Black Lives Matter (BLM) protesters during the aftermath of the murder of George Floyd by Police [23]. CHAZ was a nascent commune, built through mutual aid where no police was allowed and almost everything was free.

CHAZ, Shaheen Bagh and Farmers’ protests were occupation protests where the protestors set up a community themselves and created an autonomous zone. If one was against racism and police brutality, others were against religious discrimination and agrarian crisis. The protests were mostly self-organized and without an official leadership. The sites were filled with protest art, paintings, film screenings and musical performances [24]. Just like the mutual aid cooperative in CHAZ, free food, water, snacks and other supplies were provided to everyone. Areas were set up for assemblies and to facilitate discourse [25].

CHAZ was a leaderless zone, where the occupants favored consensus decision-making in the form of a general assembly, with daily meetings and discussion [26]. They slept in tents, cars and surrounding buildings, relying on donations from local store owners and activists. They collected donations for the homeless and created community gardens [27]. Medical stations were established to provide basic health care.

Anarchism tries to create institutions of a new society “within the shell of the old,” to expose, subvert, and undermine structures of domination but always, while doing so, proceeding in a democratic fashion, a manner which itself demonstrates those structures are unnecessary [28]. Anarchists observe what people are already doing in their communities, and then tries to tease out the hidden symbolic, moral, or pragmatic logic that underlie their actions and tries to make sense of it in ways that they are not themselves completely aware of. They look at those who are creating viable alternatives, try to figure out what might be the larger implications of what they are already doing, and then offer those ideas back, not as prescriptions, but as contributions [28]. They understand that people are already forming self-organized communities when the state has failed them and we can learn a lot about direct action and mutual aid from these communities.

Direct democratic decision making, decentralization of power, solidarity, mutual aid and voluntary association are the core principles of anarchist organizing. Anarchists employ direct action, disrupting and protesting against unjust hierarchy, and self-managing their lives through the creation of counter-institutions such as communes and non-hierarchical collectives. Decision-making is handled in an anti-authoritarian way, with everyone having equal say in each decision. They participate in all discussions in order to build a rough consensus among members of the group without the need of a leader or a leading group. Anarchists organize themselves to occupy and reclaim public spaces where art, poetry and music are blended to display the anarchist ideals. Squatting is a way to regain public space from the capitalist market or an authoritarian state and also being an example of direct action. We can find elements of these in all these protests and that is the reason for their robustness and success. It bursts the myth that you need a centralized chain of command with small group of leaders on top who decide the strategies and a very large group of followers who blindly obey those decisions for the sustenance and success of large scale organizing. All these protests were leaderless protests where people themselves decided and came to a consensus on the course of action to be followed in a democratic way. When people decide to take decisions themselves and coordinate with each other in small communities by providing aid to each other, it creates the strongest form of democracy and solidarity.

The fact that these protests happened, with so many people collectively organizing and cooperating, for such a long duration, shows us that we can self-organize and create communities without external institutions and it can be civilized and more democratic than the autocratic bureaucracy and authoritarian governments which concentrate all power and oppress people. These protests were driven by mostly by uneducated women, poor farmers and people from other marginalized communities, who showed that they can create communities which are more moral and egalitarian, than those that exist in hierarchical societies with the affluent and highly educated. They showed that people who are oppressed and underprivileged can organize themselves into communities of mutual aid and direct democracy which eliminates a need for coercive hierarchical systems of governance which exist only to exploit them.

What these occupy protests show us is that we can form communities and collectively organize various forms of democratic decision making simultaneously providing everyone their basic needs. There protests show us models of community organizing in large scales comprising hundreds of thousands of people. Even though they are not perfect we can learn the ideas these protests emulate – of solidarity, mutual aid, direct democracy, decentralization of power and try to recreate these in our lives and communities.

References

[1]

H. E. Petersen and S. Azizur Rahman, “‘Modi is afraid’: women take lead in India’s citizenship protests,” The Guardian, 21 January 2020.

[2]

N. Badwar, “Speaking truth to power, in Shaheen Bagh and beyond,” Livemint, 17 January 2020.

[3]

B. Kuchay, “Shaheen Bagh protesters pledge to fight, seek rollback of CAA law,” Al Jazeera, 15 January 2020.

[4]

“Shaheen Bagh: The women occupying Delhi street against citizenship law — ‘I don’t want to die proving I am Indian’,” BBC, 4 January 2020.

[5]

K. Sarfaraz, “Shaheen Bagh protest organiser calls it off, can’t get people to vacate,” The Hindustan Times, 2 January 2020.

[6]

“The volunteers of Shaheen Bagh,” The Telegraph (Culcutta), 24 December 2019.

[7]

“Behind Shaheen Bagh’s Women, An Army of Students, Doctors & Locals,” The Quint, 14 January 2020.

[8]

R. Venkataramakrishnan, “The Art of Resistance: Ringing in the new year with CAA protesters at Delhi’s Shaheen Bagh,” Scroll.in, 6 January 2020.

[9]

A. Bakshi, “Portraits of resilience: the new year in Shaheen Bagh,” 2 January 2020.

[10]

J. Thakur, “Shaheen Bagh Kids and Jamia Students Make Space for Art, Reading and Revolution,” The Citizen, 11 January 2020.

[11]

F. Ameen, “The Library at Shaheen Bagh,” The Telegraph (Culcutta), 20 January 2020.

[12]

A. Purkait, “In Shaheen Bagh, Children Paint Their Protest while Mothers Hold Dharna,” Makers India, 22 January 2020.

[13]

S. Chakrabarti, “Shaheen Bagh Heralds a New Year With Songs of Azaadi,” The Wire, 31 December 2019.

[14]

P. Sainath, “Maharashtra crosses 60,000 farm suicides,” People’s Archive of Rural India (PARI), 21 July 2014.

[15]

R. Sengupta, “Every day, 28 people dependent on farming die by suicide in India,” Down to Earth, 3 September 2020.

[16]

“Dilli Chalo | Farmers’ protest enters fifth day,” The Hindu, 30 November 2020.

[17]

S. Joy, “At least 25 crore workers participated in general strike; some states saw complete shutdown: Trade unions,” Deccan Herald, 26 November 2020.

[18]

“Farmers’ Protest Highlights: Protesting farmers refuse to budge, say ‘demands are non-negotiable,” The Indian Express, 1 December 2020.

[19]

G. Bhatia, “Tractors to Delhi,” Reuters, 29 January 2021.

[20]

“Langar Tradition Plays Out in Farmers Protest, Students Use Social Media To Organise Essentials,” India Today, 2 December 2020.

[21]

J. Sinha, “Protest site draws ‘Sewa’ – medicine stalls, laundry service, temple & library come up,” Indian Express, 11 December 2020.

[22]

B. Kuchay, “A school for the underprivileged at Indian farmers’ protest site,” AlJazeera, 24 January 2021.

[23]

D. Silva and M. Moschella, “Seattle protesters set up ‘autonomous zone’ after police evacuate precinct,” NBC News, 11 June 2020.

[24]

C. Burns, “The Capitol Hill Autonomous Zone Renames, Expands, and Adds Film Programming,” The Stranger, 10 June 2020.

[25]

H. Allam, “‘Remember Who We’re Fighting For’: The Uneasy Existence Of Seattle’s Protest Camp,” NPR, 18 June 2020.

[26]

K. Burns, “Seattle’s newly police-free neighborhood, explained,” Vox, 16 June 2020.

[27]

h. Weinberger, “In Seattle’s CHAZ, a community garden takes root | Crosscut,” Crosscut, 15 June 2020.

[28]

D. Graeber, Fragments of an Anarchist Anthropology, 2004.

12 notes · View notes

mariacallous · 2 years ago

Text

As Russia ramps up its second offensive, a debate has erupted over whether Moscow or Kyiv will have the upper hand in 2023. While important, such discourse also misses a larger point related to the conflict’s longer-term consequences. In the long run, the true loser of the war is already clear; Russian President Vladimir Putin’s invasion of Ukraine will be remembered as a historic folly that left Russia economically, demographically, and geopolitically worse off.

Start with the lynchpin of Russia’s economy: energy. In contrast to Europe’s (very real) dependence on Russia for fossil fuels, Russia’s economic dependence on Europe has largely gone unremarked upon. As late as 2021, for example, Russia exported 32 percent of its coal, 49 percent of its oil, and a staggering 74 percent of its gas to OECD Europe alone. Add in Japan, South Korea, and non-OECD European countries that have joined Western sanctions against Russia, and the figure is even higher. A trickle of Russian energy continues to flow into Europe, but as the European Union makes good on its commitment to phase out Russian oil and gas, Moscow may soon find itself shut out of its most lucrative export market.

In a petrostate like Russia that derives 45 percent of its federal budget from fossil fuels, the impact of this market isolation is hard to overstate. Oil and coal exports are fungible, and Moscow has indeed been able to redirect them to countries such as India and China (albeit at discounted rates, higher costs, and lower profits). Gas, however, is much harder to reroute because of the infrastructure needed to transport it. With its $400 billion gas pipeline to China, Russia has managed some progress on this front, but it will take years to match current capacity to the EU. In any case, China’s leverage as a single buyer makes it a poor substitute for Europe, where Russia can bid countries against one another.

This market isolation, however, would be survivable were it not for the gravest unintended consequence of Russia’s war—an accelerated transition toward decarbonization. It took a gross violation of international law, but Putin managed to convince Western leaders to finally treat independence from fossil fuels as a national security issue and not just an environmental one.

This is best seen in Europe’s turbocharged transition toward renewable energy, where permitting processes that used to take years are being pushed up. A few months after the invasion, for example, Germany jump-started construction on what will soon be Europe’s largest solar plant. Around the same time, Britain accelerated progress on Hornsea 3, slated to become the world’s largest offshore wind farm upon completion. The results already speak for themselves; for the first time ever last year, wind and solar combined for a higher share of electrical generation in Europe than oil and gas. And this says nothing of other decarbonization efforts such as subsidies for heat pumps in the EU, incentives for clean energy in the United States, and higher electric vehicle uptake everywhere.

The cumulative effect for Russia could not be worse. Sooner or later, lower demand for fossil fuels will dramatically and permanently lower the price for oil and gas—an existential threat to Russia’s economy. When increased U.S. shale production depressed oil prices in 2014, for example, Russia experienced a financial crisis. Lower global demand for fossil fuels will play out over a longer timeline, but the result for Russia will be much graver. With its invasion, Russia hastened the arrival of an energy transition that promises to unravel its economy.

Beyond a smaller and less efficient economy, Putin’s war in Ukraine will also leave Russia with a smaller and less dynamic population. Russia’s demographic problems are well-documented, and Putin had intended to start reversing the country’s long-running population decline in 2022. In a morbid twist, the year is likelier to mark the start of its irrevocable fall. The confluence of COVID and an inverted demographic pyramid already made Russia’s demographic outlook dire. The addition of war has made it catastrophic.

To understand why, it’s important to understand the demographic scar left by the 1990s. In the chaos that followed the Soviet Union’s dissolution, Russia’s birthrate plunged to 1.2 children per woman, far below the 2.1 needed for a population to remain stable. The effects can still be seen today; while there are 12 million Russians aged 30-34 (born just before the breakup of the Soviet Union), there are just 7 million aged 20-24 (born during the chaos that followed it). That deficit meant Russia’s population was already poised to fall, simply because a smaller number of people would be able to have children in the first place.

Russia’s invasion has made this bad demographic hand cataclysmic. At least 120,000 Russian soldiers have died so far—many in their 20s and from the same small generation Russia can scarcely afford to lose. Many more have emigrated, if they can, or simply fled to other countries to try to wait out the war; exact numbers are hard to calculate, but the 32,000 Russians who have immigrated to Israel alone suggest the total number approaches a million.

Disastrously, the planning horizons of Russian families have been upended; it is projected that fewer than 1.2 million Russian babies may be born next year, , which would leave Russia with its lowest birthrate since 2000. A spike in violent crime, a rise in alcohol consumption, and other factors that collude against a family’s decision to have children may depress the birthrate further still. Ironically, over the last decade Putin managed to slow (if not reverse) Russia’s population decline through lavish payoffs for new mothers. Increased military spending and the debt needed to finance it will make such generous natalist policies harder.

The invasion has left Russia even worse off geopolitically. Unlike hard numbers and demographic data, such lost influence is hard to measure. But it can be seen everywhere, from public opinion polls across the West to United Nations votes that the Kremlin has lost by margins as high as 141 to 5. It can also be seen in Russia’s own backyard; while an emboldened NATO could soon include Sweden and Finland, Russia’s own Collective Security Treaty Organization is tearing at the seams as traditional allies such as Kazakhstan and Armenia realize the Kremlin’s impotence and look to China for security.

Perhaps most important of all, Russia has reinvigorated the cause of liberal democracy. In the year after its invasion, French President Emmanuel Macron won a rare second term in France, the far-right AfD lost ground in three successive elections in Germany, and “Make America Great Again” Republicans paid an electoral penalty in the U.S. midterms. (The far right did sweep into power in both Sweden and Italy, but such wins have so far failed to dent Western unity and appear more motivated by immigration.) And this says nothing of the wave of democratic consolidation playing out across Eastern Europe, where voters have thrown out illiberal populists in Slovenia and Czechia in the last year alone. It is impossible to attribute any of these outcomes to just one factor (U.S. Democrats also got a boost from the overturn of Roe v. Wade and election denialism, for example), but Russia’s invasion—and the clear choice between liberalism and autocracy it presented—no doubt helped.

Nowhere, however, has Russia’s invasion backfired more than in Ukraine. Contrary to Putin’s historical revisionism, Ukraine has long had a national identity distinct from Russia’s. But it’s also long been fractured along linguistic lines, with many of its elites intent on maintaining close relations with the Kremlin and even the public unsure about greater alignment with the West.

No longer. Ninety-one percent of Ukrainians now favor joining NATO, a figure unthinkable just a decade ago. Eighty-five percent of Ukrainians consider themselves Ukrainian above all else, a marker of civic identity that has grown by double digits since Russia’s invasion. Far from protecting the Russian language in Ukraine, Putin appears to have hastened its demise as native Russian speakers (Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky included) switch to Ukrainian en masse. Putin launched his invasion to bring Ukraine back into Moscow’s orbit. He has instead anchored its future in the West.

Of course, one can argue that, however much the war has cost Russia, it has cost Ukraine exponentially more. This is true. Ukraine’s economy shrank by more than 30 percent last year, while Russia’s economy contracted by just about 3 percent. And this says nothing of the human toll Ukraine has suffered. But, like Brexit, Western sanctions on Russia will play out as a slow burn, not an immediate collapse. And while Russia enters a protracted period of economic and demographic decline, once peace comes, Ukraine will have the combined industrial capacity of the EU, United States, and United Kingdom to support it as the West’s newest institutional member—precisely the outcome Putin hoped to avoid. Russia may yet make new territorial gains in the Donbas. But in the long run, such gains are immaterial—Russia has already lost.

48 notes · View notes

pujapujari · 2 years ago

Text

Career prediction by date of birth

Career prediction by date of birth is possible in India Astrology. At some point, we all have been in chaos choosing the right career, and we all agree that choosing a career can be a strenuous decision.

The choice of career revolves around deciding the future of your life, setting a mark, and proving your worth to yourself. A tedious job or a big business, freelancing work or a partnership firm, serving locals or society, making laws or materials, everything depends upon this decision.

But how do we ensure that our choice is fair and just? There’s no specific formula for the same. Career choices based on numerology also have certain accuracy and only partially assure the results.

Is it possible to choose a career based on your date of birth?

Unique traits, values, and significance of different numbers make choosing a career much smoother and simpler. These traits help a person choose a feasible career option with better results and performance.

What do these numbers signify?

Number 1 – It is assigned to the Sun.

It shows leadership spirit, great energy, and qualities with a pinch of ego.

Number 2 – Moon

Moon signifies healthy emotions and calmness

Number 3 – Jupiter

This number develops curiosity and has a creative approach toward life decisions.

Number 4 – Rahu

With greater clarity over things, this number is great for planning and execution with a flavor of mischief on the side.

Number 5 – Mercury

The number deals with the perfect balance of mind and emotions for various choices.

Number 6 – Venus

With expertise in strategies and perfection, these people lead a luxurious life.

Number 7 – Ketu

The number signifies the secretive and introverted traits of a person who is generally shy.

Number 8 – Saturn

While these people have traits that take a long path to success and achieve goals a little late, their unique idea towards life helps them lead a happening one.

Number 9 – Mars

This number thrives on helping society and the world. With great command and slight aggression, they lead a healthy old life.

For example,

Your date of birth is 07/02/1999,

Adding all the numbers in the date will bring it to – 7+0+2+1+9+9+9 = 37

Now break it into a single digit, i.e., 3+7 = 10 = 1

The career number here is 1

Career choices based on these numbers

Career number 1

As the number is designated to Sun, these people usually have great energy and charisma. They are great leaders and usually thrive on working for stronger positions like CEO, CFO, Owners, etc., which means they do not like to work as subordinates. To rule their life, career options for this number are,

Government jobs

Foreign services

Politics

Business law

Management

Innovative entrepreneurs

IAS or IPS

President

Principal

Public relation manager

Organization head

Major in Army

– Career number 2

A great mind comes with greater energy. People with this career number prove to be successful in many fields. Some of the best career options would be,

Medical Industry

Water industries

Teachers

Directors

Acting

Singing

Producer

Engineer

Theatre or media

Export

– Career number 3

People with the number 3 have strong intuition power with a creative, adaptive, and compromising nature. They like to explore and learn and are not scared of challenges. Some of the best career options would be,

Teachers

Consultants

Healers

Philosopher

Artist

Chartered accountant

Banker

Real Estate

Property dealer

Engineer

Career number 4

With great administrative power, planning, clarity, and technicality, these people succeed in mostly every path they choose. Yet some of the best choices would be,

Architects

Designers

Data technicians

Admin jobs

Farming

Cooking

Science and technology

– Career number 5

Since every field requires communication, people with career number 5 can excel in any life field with excellent communication skills. They are multi-talented, and they love taking risks to succeed. Some of the best career options would be,

Writing

Marketing

Travel industries

CEO

Advocate

Speakers

Business owners

– Career number 6

People with number 6 say, ‘We look for perfection, glamour, and beauty.’ They are always well respected and trusted between families and friends. Such people are calm, creative, and artistic and have great choices in every aspect of life. Some of the best career options would be,

Beautician

Hospitality

Cosmetic surgeon

Film industry

Modeling

Musicians

Interior designers or decorators

Dieticians

Fitness coach

Dance

Fine arts

Writing

Jewelry designers

Commerce and law

Career number 7

People with career number 7 are scientific and data-driven. They are intelligent and analytical, with energy and activeness. Some of the best career options would be,

Business analyst

Online coach

Lawyer

Painter

Editor

Judge

Researchers

Electrical engineering

Navy

Scientist

Advisor

Strategic planner

Agriculture

– Career number 8

People with this number can succeed with a positive lookout toward the future and opportunities. Their success is sometimes prolonged, but they have a unique style to lead a happy life. Some of the best options would be,

Astrologer

Banker

Reiki reader

Army

Judge

Philanthropist

Judiciary services

Career number 9

People with number 9 lead a given life and thrive on contributing to society. They are careful and creative in choosing the right career and becoming successful. Some of the best career options would be,

Hospital

CEO

Dentist

NGO workers

Human science

Social service

International affairs

Telecom industry

Diplomats

Surgeons

Painters

Philosopher

Writers

Sports

Banking and commerce

While these are just some of the career options per numerology, the other career can also be made through birth number, which is the date of birth of a human, to understand a person’s lifestyle and traits. And combining everything helps in the derivation of the best results. The list above is to make your decision easier and your journey smooth, but the conclusion is yours. Choices made by a person can succeed in life with hard work and dedication. The right career choice is made through effort and practice and not just by destiny. Because as rightly said, “Opportunities don’t happen; you create them.”

Article Source: Career prediction by date of birth

For more articles like this, please visit Puja N Pujari

#astrology #career #career prediction

3 notes · View notes

intentmarketresearch-imr · 4 days ago

Text

Biodegradable Plastic Market Propelled by Technological Advances in PLA and PHA

The Biodegradable Plastic Market is experiencing remarkable growth, valued at USD 7.1 billion in 2023 and projected to exceed USD 25.5 billion by 2030, registering an impressive compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 21.4% between 2024 and 2030. This surge is driven by rising environmental concerns, stringent regulations on conventional plastics, and increased demand for sustainable alternatives. Below, we’ll explore the dynamics of this thriving market.

Key Drivers of the Biodegradable Plastic Market

1. Rising Environmental Awareness

Consumers and industries alike are prioritizing eco-friendly solutions due to growing awareness of plastic pollution's detrimental effects on ecosystems.

2. Government Regulations

Strict bans and taxes on single-use plastics in many countries are pushing the adoption of biodegradable plastics in packaging, agriculture, and other applications.

3. Advances in Biodegradable Plastic Technology

Continuous R&D efforts are yielding more efficient, versatile, and cost-effective biodegradable plastic solutions.

Download Sample Report @ https://intentmarketresearch.com/request-sample/biodegradable-plastic-market-3046.html

Market Segmentation

By Material Type

Polylactic Acid (PLA): Widely used due to its cost efficiency and versatility in packaging and disposable items.

Starch-Based Plastics: Popular for their eco-friendly and renewable properties.

Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA): Emerging as a sustainable option for medical and specialty applications.

By Application

Packaging Industry: Dominates the market, driven by consumer preference for sustainable packaging.

Agriculture: Use in mulch films and other biodegradable farming tools.

Textile: Adoption for making sustainable fibers.

Consumer Goods: Including cutlery, plates, and personal care products.

Regional Insights

North America

Growth fueled by government incentives for adopting biodegradable materials.

Major industry players are focusing on reducing dependency on petroleum-based plastics.

Europe

Leads in market share due to stringent environmental laws and an eco-conscious consumer base.

Rapid advancements in PHA and other biodegradable polymers.

Asia-Pacific

Expanding urbanization and industrialization are driving demand for eco-friendly materials.

Governments in China, India, and Japan are promoting initiatives to combat plastic waste.

Access Full Report @ https://intentmarketresearch.com/latest-reports/biodegradable-plastic-market-3046.html

Challenges in the Market

High Production Costs: Current manufacturing technologies make biodegradable plastics more expensive than conventional plastics.

Limited Infrastructure for Composting: Efficient waste disposal systems are not universally available, especially in developing regions.

Competition from Recyclable Plastics: Alternatives like PET recycling programs could limit market growth.

Future Prospects of the Biodegradable Plastic Market

The Biodegradable Plastic Market is set to flourish as industries focus on circular economy models. Innovations to reduce costs and improve properties, coupled with stricter policies against plastic waste, will accelerate market adoption.

FAQs

What is driving the growth of the biodegradable plastic market? The primary drivers are increasing environmental awareness, regulatory mandates on plastic use, and technological innovations in biodegradable polymers.

What industries benefit most from biodegradable plastics? Industries like packaging, agriculture, consumer goods, and textiles are the biggest adopters of biodegradable plastics.

What materials are commonly used in biodegradable plastics? PLA, starch-based plastics, and PHA are some of the most widely used materials in the production of biodegradable plastics.

What regions are leading the biodegradable plastic market? Europe and North America are at the forefront, while Asia-Pacific shows the fastest growth rate.

What challenges does the market face? Key challenges include high production costs, limited composting infrastructure, and competition from recycled plastics.

About Us

Intent Market Research (IMR) is dedicated to delivering distinctive market insights, focusing on the sustainable and inclusive growth of our clients. We provide in-depth market research reports and consulting services, empowering businesses to make informed, data-driven decisions.

Our market intelligence reports are grounded in factual and relevant insights across various industries, including chemicals & materials, healthcare, food & beverage, automotive & transportation, energy & power, packaging, industrial equipment, building & construction, aerospace & defense, and semiconductor & electronics, among others.

We adopt a highly collaborative approach, partnering closely with clients to drive transformative changes that benefit all stakeholders. With a strong commitment to innovation, we aim to help businesses expand, build sustainable advantages, and create meaningful, positive impacts.

[email protected]

US: +1 463-583-2713

0 notes

sunalimerchant · 18 days ago

Text

Challenges Impacting GVA Growth in Agriculture and How to Overcome Them

Agriculture is a cornerstone of many economies, particularly in developing countries. In India, agriculture contributes significantly to the Gross Value Added (GVA), reflecting its importance in the economic landscape. However, despite its vital role, GVA agriculture growth faces numerous challenges, hindering the sector's potential to contribute more effectively to overall economic development. Understanding these challenges and finding effective solutions is key to unlocking the full potential of the agricultural sector.

Challenges Affecting GVA Agriculture Growth

1. Fragmented Landholdings

The division of agricultural land into smaller, less productive units due to inheritance laws and population growth is a major issue. This fragmentation reduces economies of scale, making modern agricultural techniques and mechanization less feasible.

2. Dependence on Monsoon

A large portion of agriculture in developing nations, especially India, is rain-fed, making it highly vulnerable to climatic variations. This dependence on erratic monsoons leads to inconsistent yields, which directly impacts GVA agriculture growth.

3. Lack of Access to Modern Technology

Many farmers lack access to advanced agricultural technology, such as precision farming tools, GPS-guided machinery, and improved irrigation systems. The absence of these technologies results in suboptimal productivity.

4. Inadequate Infrastructure

Poor rural infrastructure, including inadequate storage facilities, transportation systems, and market access, contributes to high post-harvest losses. This inefficiency reduces the overall value of agricultural produce, negatively affecting GVA agriculture.

5. Financial Constraints

Farmers often face challenges in accessing affordable credit, leaving them unable to invest in better seeds, fertilizers, and equipment. High-interest rates and reliance on informal credit sources exacerbate this problem.

6. Soil Degradation

Continuous monocropping, overuse of chemical fertilizers, and deforestation have led to significant soil degradation. Declining soil fertility directly impacts agricultural output, reducing GVA agriculture growth.

7. Price Volatility

Agricultural produce prices are subject to high volatility due to seasonal fluctuations, market demand, and government policies. Farmers often receive lower returns for their produce, discouraging investment in agriculture.

8. Lack of Policy Support

While governments provide subsidies and minimum support prices (MSP), these measures are often insufficient or poorly implemented. Policies may not adequately address regional disparities or the specific needs of small-scale farmers.

9. Climate Change

Rising temperatures, irregular rainfall, and increased incidence of extreme weather events pose severe risks to agriculture. Climate change has a cascading effect on crop yields, livestock health, and overall productivity.

Strategies to Overcome Challenges in GVA Agriculture

1. Land Consolidation and Cooperative Farming

Promoting land consolidation or cooperative farming can help address the challenges posed by fragmented landholdings. This enables farmers to achieve economies of scale, adopt modern machinery, and increase productivity.

2. Adoption of Climate-Resilient Farming Practices

Farmers should be encouraged to adopt climate-resilient practices such as intercropping, crop rotation, and agroforestry. Government initiatives to improve irrigation facilities and promote drought-resistant crop varieties are crucial.

3. Investment in Technology and Digitization

Governments and private players should invest in making modern agricultural technologies affordable and accessible. Initiatives like satellite-based weather forecasts, mobile-based advisory services, and precision farming tools can boost productivity.

4. Strengthening Rural Infrastructure

Building robust rural infrastructure, including cold storage facilities, rural roads, and efficient transportation systems, will reduce post-harvest losses and enhance market access. This will significantly improve GVA agriculture contributions.

5. Enhancing Financial Inclusion

Farmers need better access to institutional credit at affordable rates. Expanding microfinance programs, offering low-interest loans, and introducing crop insurance schemes can empower farmers to make necessary investments.

6. Promoting Sustainable Farming Practices

Encouraging organic farming, reducing reliance on chemical fertilizers, and implementing soil conservation measures can help restore soil health. Farmers should be educated on sustainable practices to improve long-term productivity.

7. Stable Pricing Mechanisms

Establishing price stabilization mechanisms and promoting contract farming can reduce the risk of price volatility. Direct marketing initiatives, like farmer-producer organizations (FPOs), can ensure better price realization.

8. Tailored Policy Support

Governments should design region-specific policies to address the unique challenges of different agricultural zones. Subsidies and MSPs should be revisited to benefit small and marginal farmers more effectively.

9. Mitigating Climate Change Impacts

Implementing large-scale water conservation projects, promoting renewable energy usage in agriculture, and educating farmers on adaptive practices can mitigate climate change effects.

Conclusion

The challenges impacting GVA agriculture growth are multi-faceted, requiring a holistic approach to address them effectively. From adopting modern technologies and sustainable practices to ensuring financial inclusion and climate resilience, each strategy plays a critical role in driving agricultural growth. By tackling these challenges head-on, the agricultural sector can achieve its full potential, contributing more significantly to economic development and ensuring food security for future generations.

Promoting GVA agriculture growth is not just an economic imperative; it is also a step towards achieving a sustainable and equitable future for millions of people dependent on agriculture for their livelihoods.

0 notes

wedezineinterior · 22 days ago

Text

Exploring the Best Managed Farmland Near Bangalore

Bangalore, often referred to as the "Garden City" of India, is not only known for its bustling tech hubs and pleasant climate but also for its proximity to serene countryside landscapes. Over the past decade, managed farmlands near Bangalore have become a popular choice for urban dwellers seeking an escape from the chaos of city life. These farmlands offer a perfect blend of investment potential, sustainable living, and recreational opportunities.

If you’re considering investing in or simply exploring managed farmland near Bangalore, here’s what you should know about identifying the best options:

1. Location Matters

The key to choosing the best managed farmland is its location. Farmlands located within a two to three-hour drive from Bangalore offer the convenience of accessibility while providing a rural retreat. Areas near the outskirts of Bangalore, such as those in the directions of Mysore Road, Kanakapura Road, or Nandi Hills, are especially popular due to their scenic beauty, fertile soil, and proximity to key amenities.

When evaluating location, consider factors such as road connectivity, access to water sources, and the presence of nearby markets or towns.

2. Professional Management

One of the primary reasons for the growing demand for managed farmlands is the convenience they offer. Reputable farmland providers take care of day-to-day operations, such as irrigation, crop management, and pest control, leaving you free to enjoy the fruits of the land—quite literally.

Look for farmlands managed by experienced agricultural experts who employ sustainable and eco-friendly practices. Additionally, ensure that the management team provides transparency in their operations, with regular updates on crop yields, maintenance, and other activities.

3. Sustainable Farming Practices

Sustainability is a vital factor when selecting a managed farmland. Many of the best farmlands near Bangalore emphasize organic farming, permaculture, and agroforestry practices. These methods not only ensure healthier produce but also contribute to environmental conservation.

Farmlands practicing rainwater harvesting, composting, and zero-waste farming stand out as excellent choices for environmentally conscious investors.

4. Crops and Produce

The choice of crops grown on a farmland significantly impacts its value. Managed farmlands near Bangalore are known for cultivating a wide range of crops, including fruits like mangoes, guavas, and bananas, as well as vegetables, spices, and herbs. Some farmlands also venture into high-value crops like coffee, pepper, and sandalwood, which can be lucrative for long-term investors.

Ensure that the soil quality and climatic conditions of the farmland are conducive to the crops being grown.

5. Amenities and Recreational Features

Managed farmlands are often marketed as weekend retreats for families and individuals looking to reconnect with nature. The best options offer additional amenities such as cottages, camping zones, and nature trails. These features allow you to enjoy a rural escape while adding to the overall value of the property.

For families, child-friendly spaces, organic farms-to-table dining experiences, and pet-friendly zones can make the property even more appealing.

6. Legal Clarity and Ownership

Before finalizing your decision, it’s essential to ensure that the farmland complies with all legal requirements. Many managed farmlands near Bangalore operate under a shared ownership model, while others offer individual plots.

Check for proper documentation, including land conversion status, ownership history, and compliance with zoning laws. If you’re not familiar with legal intricacies, consider hiring a legal expert to assist with due diligence.

7. Investment Potential

Beyond the immediate lifestyle benefits, managed farmlands also serve as excellent long-term investments. With Bangalore’s rapid urban expansion, the demand for such properties has been steadily increasing.

Farmlands with high soil fertility, water resources, and proximity to developing infrastructure are likely to appreciate in value over time. Additionally, the income from crop yields or farm stays can provide a steady revenue stream.

8. Community Engagement

Some managed farmlands focus on creating vibrant communities where like-minded individuals can connect and share their experiences. These setups often host farming workshops, wellness retreats, and social events, making them an attractive option for people looking for a holistic lifestyle.

Final Thoughts

Managed farmlands near Bangalore offer a unique opportunity to combine the joys of farming with the convenience of professional management. Whether you’re seeking a tranquil weekend retreat, a sustainable lifestyle, or a promising investment, there’s a farmland option tailored to your needs.

When exploring these farmlands, prioritize eco-friendly practices, transparency, and legal clarity. With the right choice, you can enjoy the best of both worlds—peaceful countryside living and the benefits of modern conveniences.

For those looking to explore an excellent managed farmland option near Bangalore, visit Samruddhi Ecofarms. Known for their commitment to sustainable farming and professional management, they provide an ideal choice for those seeking a blend of investment and rural serenity.

0 notes

lakbaari · 25 days ago

Text

How to Buy and Sell Livestock Animals in India Safely

Buying and selling livestock animals in India is a significant part of the agricultural economy, but it’s not without its challenges. Whether you’re a farmer looking to sell your cattle, goats, sheep, or poultry, or a buyer searching for high-quality livestock, safety and reliability are paramount. Thanks to modern technology and platforms like Lakbaari, the process has become more accessible and secure. This blog will guide you through the steps to buy and sell livestock animals in India safely, ensuring a seamless and rewarding experience.

Why Livestock Trade is Important in India

Livestock farming plays a crucial role in India’s economy. It provides employment to millions and contributes significantly to the agriculture sector. From dairy farming to meat production, livestock animals are indispensable for rural and urban communities alike.

However, trading livestock comes with its own set of risks, including fraud, health concerns, and transportation issues. This is why it’s essential to approach the process with care and follow best practices to ensure safe and successful transactions.

Tips for Buying Livestock Animals Safely

1. Research Before You Buy

Before purchasing any livestock, conduct thorough research.

Understand the specific needs of the animals you’re planning to buy.

Research different breeds to determine which one suits your requirements.

Learn about the average price range for the livestock you’re interested in.

For example, goats and sheep are excellent for meat and dairy production, while cows and buffaloes are ideal for milk production. Chickens and poultry serve both meat and egg purposes.

2. Choose a Trusted Platform

Opt for a reliable platform like Lakbaari, India’s first animal classified website.

Browse verified listings of livestock animals from trusted sellers.

Read reviews and ratings of sellers to ensure credibility.

Avoid unverified sources or random social media ads that may lead to fraud.

3. Inspect the Animals Thoroughly

Before making a purchase, always inspect the livestock in person or through a trusted representative.

Check for signs of good health, such as bright eyes, clean fur, and active behavior.

Look out for any injuries, unusual markings, or symptoms of illness.

Ensure the animals have been vaccinated and are free from parasites.

4. Verify Documentation

Proper documentation ensures the authenticity of the transaction.

Ask for health certificates, vaccination records, and breeding history.

Verify ownership documents to avoid legal disputes later.

Ensure compliance with local laws and regulations regarding livestock trade.

5. Negotiate Fairly

While it’s natural to negotiate, always keep market rates in mind.

Compare prices from multiple sellers to get the best deal.

Be wary of deals that seem too good to be true, as they might involve unhealthy or unregistered animals.

6. Plan for Transportation

Transporting livestock safely is a critical part of the process.

Use appropriate vehicles that ensure comfort and safety for the animals.

Avoid overcrowding to prevent stress or injury during transit.

Follow transportation guidelines set by local authorities to avoid penalties.

Tips for Selling Livestock Animals Safely

1. Use a Reputable Platform

When selling your livestock, choose a trusted platform like Lakbaari to reach genuine buyers.

List your animals with clear, high-quality photos.

Provide detailed descriptions, including breed, age, health status, and production capacity.

2. Set a Competitive Price

Determine the value of your livestock based on their health, breed, and market demand.

Research market rates to ensure your pricing is competitive.

Be transparent about the condition of your animals to build trust with buyers.

3. Verify Buyers

Before finalizing a sale, verify the buyer’s authenticity.

Request identification and contact details.

Avoid dealing with buyers who hesitate to provide basic information.

4. Offer Health Records

Providing health and vaccination records adds credibility to your sale.

Keep your livestock’s medical history up-to-date.

Highlight any special care or treatments you’ve provided, as this can increase their value.

5. Ensure Secure Payments

Handle financial transactions carefully to avoid fraud.

Prefer digital payment methods or bank transfers over cash.

Use Lakbaari’s secure payment options if available.

Avoid accepting checks unless they’re from a trusted source.

6. Plan for Smooth Handover

Coordinate with the buyer for the transportation of the livestock.

Ensure the animals are well-fed and hydrated before transit.

Provide guidance to the buyer about the animals’ care and feeding routines.

Common Challenges in Livestock Trade and How to Overcome Them

1. Fraudulent Sellers or Buyers

Challenge: Fake listings or unverified buyers can lead to financial losses.

Solution: Always use trusted platforms like Lakbaari, which verifies both buyers and sellers.

2. Health Issues in Livestock

Challenge: Buyers may unknowingly purchase sick or unvaccinated animals.

Solution: Insist on health certificates and inspect animals thoroughly before purchasing.

3. Transportation Difficulties

Challenge: Transporting livestock over long distances can cause stress and injuries.

Solution: Use proper vehicles, avoid overcrowding, and comply with transportation regulations.

4. Price Disputes

Challenge: Disagreements over pricing can lead to stalled negotiations.

Solution: Research market rates and be transparent about the condition of the livestock.

How Lakbaari Simplifies Livestock Trade

Lakbaari is India’s first and most trusted animal classified website, designed to make buying and selling livestock safe, simple, and efficient.

Key Features of Lakbaari:

Verified Listings: All sellers are vetted to ensure authenticity.

Wide Variety: From goats and sheep to poultry and cattle, find all types of livestock in one place.

User-Friendly Interface: Easily browse, filter, and connect with potential buyers or sellers.

Secure Transactions: Lakbaari provides secure payment options to protect users from fraud.

Expert Tips: Access valuable resources and advice on livestock care and management.

Why Choose Lakbaari?

A reliable platform with a growing community of trusted users.

A transparent process that eliminates middlemen and reduces costs.

Dedicated customer support to assist you at every step.

Legal Aspects of Livestock Trade in India

When buying or selling livestock, it’s crucial to be aware of the legal requirements:

1. Ownership Documents:

Ensure proper documentation of ownership to avoid disputes.

2. Transportation Laws:

Follow state-specific transportation laws to ensure animal safety and avoid penalties.

3. Animal Welfare:

Comply with animal welfare laws to ensure ethical treatment of livestock.

4. GST Compliance:

Understand the tax implications if you’re trading livestock on a large scale.

Conclusion

Buying and selling livestock animals in India can be a smooth and rewarding process when done safely and responsibly. By following the tips outlined in this guide and leveraging platforms like Lakbaari, you can ensure a secure and successful transaction. Whether you’re a farmer looking to expand your herd or a seller aiming to reach a wider audience, Lakbaari offers the perfect solution to meet your needs.

Start your livestock trading journey with confidence today — because with the right approach, healthy animals and happy customers are just a step away!

#Livestock

1 note · View note

mobiledentalontario · 1 month ago

Text

Commercial Property in Kotabagh

Kotabagh is a picturesque town located in the Nainital district of Uttarakhand, India. It's situated in the foothills of the Kumaon range and offers a unique blend of natural beauty and growing commercial opportunities. The town has seen increasing interest in both residential and commercial property investments due to its proximity to Nainital, a popular tourist destination, as well as its development as a key hub for agriculture, tourism, and retail businesses.If you're considering commercial property in Kotabagh, here are some key aspects you may want to focus on.

1. Location and Accessibility

Strategic Location: Kotabagh is well-connected by road to Nainital and other parts of Uttarakhand. It's situated along the main highway connecting the hill station with the plains, making it easily accessible to tourists and businesses.

Proximity to Tourist Spots: Since it's located near tourist hotspots like Nainital, Almora, and Jim Corbett, Kotabagh can be an ideal location for commercial ventures like hotels, restaurants, resorts, and other tourism-related businesses.

2. Types of Commercial Properties

Retail Properties: With tourism and a growing local population, there’s demand for retail outlets, cafes, restaurants, and shops in Kotabagh. Small retail spaces that cater to tourists, offering local handicrafts, food, or experiences, could be profitable.

Hotels and Resorts: Given the tourism potential, commercial properties that offer accommodation like hotels, guesthouses, and boutique resorts are in demand. A business catering to tourists could prove to be a high-return investment.

Offices and Co-working Spaces: While Kotabagh might not yet have a highly urbanized office market, co-working spaces and small commercial office setups can attract local businesses and remote workers who want to escape the hustle and bustle of major cities while still working.

Agriculture and Warehouse Spaces: Kotabagh is known for its fertile land, and there may be potential for agricultural businesses that deal with farming, organic produce, or warehouses for the storage and distribution of goods.

3. Market Potential

Tourism Growth: The growth of tourism in Uttarakhand has been a driving factor in property development. Kotabagh’s proximity to Nainital means that more tourists are likely to pass through or stay in the area, providing a solid customer base for retail, hospitality, and food businesses.

Real Estate Appreciation: Property values in regions like Kotabagh are expected to appreciate in the long term, especially as infrastructure improves and more people look to invest in quieter, more scenic areas away from crowded hill stations like Nainital.

Agriculture: Agriculture is still a significant part of Kotabagh’s economy, and if you are looking at commercial land investments, consider agricultural businesses or agri-tourism (such as farm stays or organic farming ventures).

4. Investment Considerations

Infrastructure Development: Assess the current and planned infrastructure projects in Kotabagh. Road improvement projects, public transportation options, and government investment in tourism can all boost the value of commercial properties.

Demand & Supply: While there may be opportunities in the tourism sector, check the current supply of commercial properties available for lease or sale to understand the competition.

Regulatory Compliance: Make sure to check local zoning laws, land use regulations, and commercial property taxes to ensure your investment complies with the area's rules and regulations.

5. Marketing Commercial Property in Kotabagh

If you are trying to market a commercial property in Kotabagh (whether you’re selling or renting), here are a few tips:

Target Tourists: Highlight the property's potential for tourism-related businesses—such as restaurants, boutique hotels, and gift shops—by focusing on Kotabagh's scenic appeal and proximity to Nainital.

Leverage Digital Platforms: Use social media platforms (Instagram, Facebook) and property listing sites to showcase images and videos of the property, its surroundings, and its commercial potential.

Local Listings: Use local real estate agencies or classified ads that focus on properties in the Uttarakhand region.

Engage Investors and Business Owners: Craft your marketing towards investors who are looking for properties in emerging markets. This can be through online ads, newsletters, or attending real estate investment forums.

6. Benefits of Investing in Kotabagh

Peaceful Environment: For businesses looking for a retreat or a more serene location, Kotabagh provides the perfect blend of nature and convenience.

Growing Real Estate Market: With tourism and agricultural industries growing in the area, Kotabagh offers the potential for both short-term returns (from tourism-driven businesses) and long-term appreciation of property values.

Eco-friendly Opportunities: If you’re planning a green or sustainable business (such as an eco-resort or organic farm), Kotabagh’s natural environment and proximity to the Jim Corbett National Park may appeal to eco-conscious investors and consumers.

7. Challenges

Limited Commercial Infrastructure: While Kotabagh has potential, it’s still developing in terms of large-scale commercial infrastructure. This could limit your options or pose challenges when scaling certain types of businesses.

Seasonal Demand: Businesses that rely on tourism might face fluctuations in demand based on the tourist seasons, with off-season periods being quieter.

If you're considering commercial property in Kotabagh, here are some key aspects you may want to focus on:

1. Location and Accessibility

2. Types of Commercial Properties

3. Market Potential

4. Investment Considerations

Demand & Supply: While there may be opportunities in the tourism sector, check the current supply of commercial properties available for lease or sale to understand the competition.

Regulatory Compliance: Make sure to check local zoning laws, land use regulations, and commercial property taxes to ensure your investment complies with the area's rules and regulations.

5. Marketing Commercial Property in Kotabagh

If you are trying to market a commercial property in Kotabagh (whether you’re selling or renting), here are a few tips:

Leverage Digital Platforms: Use social media platforms (Instagram, Facebook) and property listing sites to showcase images and videos of the property, its surroundings, and its commercial potential.

Local Listings: Use local real estate agencies or classified ads that focus on properties in the Uttarakhand region.

6. Benefits of Investing in Kotabagh

Peaceful Environment: For businesses looking for a retreat or a more serene location, Kotabagh provides the perfect blend of nature and convenience.

7. Challenges

Seasonal Demand: Businesses that rely on tourism might face fluctuations in demand based on the tourist seasons, with off-season periods being quieter.

#real state

0 notes

dandelionsresilience · 20 days ago

Text

Dandelion News - December 1-7

Like these weekly compilations? Tip me at $kaybarr1735 or check out my Dandelion Doodles for 50% off this month!

1. These high-tech windows fight climate change – and will save you money

“[“Vacuum-insulated glass”] insulates five times better than double-paned glass. The Enthermal product line holds energy about as well as fiberglass wall insulation[…. T]he energy bill savings offset the upfront cost of the upgrade in two to seven years, depending on the building[….]”

2. Doulas test ways to curb Memphis’ Black maternal, infant deaths

“Research shows they are key to better health outcomes. […] Free of charge, [parents enrolled in this pilot program], in addition to being paired with a doula, get access to free yoga classes, diapers, breastfeeding starter kits, nutritious food and other tangible help that can measurably boost well-being.”

3. Scientists find feeding grazing cattle seaweed cuts methane emissions by almost 40%

“This is the first study to test seaweed on grazing beef cattle in the world. […] Most research to reduce methane emissions using feed additives has taken place in controlled environments with daily supplements. But Kebreab noted in the study that fewer than half of those methods are effective for grazing cattle.”

4. Success for local residents as Florida council toppled over sewage plant plan

“A citizens’ revolt in a small Florida city ousted an entire slate of councilors who were pushing for a new sewage plant to be built close to one of the state’s most pristine and treasured rivers.”

5. Beaver survey aims to show the urban benefits of Chicago's 'ecosystem engineers'

“Urban Rivers is installing [“artificial floating gardens”] along the river to restore native wetland habitats, which provide food and shelter for wildlife, as well as natural spaces for humans.”

6. The future of plastic: Biodegradable, durable, and even edible

“[… T]he composite plastic proved not only sturdy but also more malleable than its core component, hydroxyethyl cellulose. Additionally, since both cellulose and tyrosine are edible, the biodegradable composite plastic can technically be consumed.”

7. Limestone quarries could be vital for wild bee conservation

“Quarries provide valuable habitats for wild bees and other animals and plants that occur on the now rare calcareous grasslands," explains lead author Dr. Felix Kirsch[….]”

8. New England wedding vendors offer help to same-sex couples before Trump inauguration

“Marriage equality isn’t immediately at risk. Trump has said he considers it settled law, but of course it’s hard to take him at his word […] so vendors in the region are offering free or discounted services to queer couples and noncitizens in a rush to marry.”

9. The indigenous women saving India's endangered giant yams

“Since their formation in 2022, the 10 members of the Noorang group have planted and brought back to the community 180 varieties of wild tubers[….] The project is part of [… a] farming initiative to eradicate poverty, provide agricultural training and empower women in vulnerable tribal communities.”

10. The US is making and deploying more solar panels than ever before

“[… D]omestic solar module manufacturing capacity has nearly quintupled since 2022[….] Solar is the cheapest source of new power generation by far, and it’s an increasingly large employer in the U.S., particularly in Republican-led states.”

November 22-28 news here | (all credit for images and written material can be found at the source linked; I don’t claim credit for anything but curating.)

65 notes · View notes

theuniverseawakens347 · 2 months ago

Text

Slavery : Jews included. You know there’s different sectors like there are black skin tones but imma related this to my black niggas

1. Dark skin - the strongest cotton picker farm builders

2. The medium color - we test yo smarts bc you CUD but DONT MEAN YOH DO fit in both worlds ( Malcom n Obama… but Martin ur an anomaly hmm… will he pimp for white kkk coochie - Kanye west trump but slave to kardashians but pimping bianca-___- ⭕️)

3. The women … light skin house .. sex and or maid

4. The dark skin black woman we rape treat like shit maid her as hush money for mastah cheating ways .. she pregnant good nigger we use to kill yo lover - get him anger ON PURPOSE TO START A MILLING BC WHITE MAN VIKING THINKING THEYRE BORED N NEED TO “hunt” - COWS BRAIN ( and they kill each other - WIFE BITCH YOU CHEATED W THE MAID HUSBAND SLAPS HER SHUT THE FUCK UP - WHITE WIFE BEATER CLOTHING … and then show the house nigga who act light skin to get inside and his behind the scene concubine nigger**

(Nigger : good black I.e follow what the white man wants - WHY I HATE THIS FUCKING WORd NIGGAS .. IMA FUCKING DO ME CAUSE YOU THINK YOU GAVE ME A FUCKING HAND TO EACH BUT BITCH MY ANCESTORS MADE YOU DUMBASS CUNT SO NOW WE BOTH RETARDED BUT WHO HON WIN SINCE YOU WANT A RACE WAR - THE TURTLES HEIRS)

Now we got black man dark skin w white* man nose - HAY YG WHAT YOU GOT!? A KHELANI N WHATS YO OTHER “baby” MOMA!?? A COON*

Then you get WHITE WOMAN SAMMY PICCONE INDIA LOVE N YA MOMA W BLACK WOMAN FEATURES FROM MIDDLE EAST WHAT YOU GET - A BLACK MAN AND WHAT LOOK LIKE FREEDOM - YOU A HO N GOT A FEE PIMPS AROUND YOU 💋 - WHAT YOU THINK STREET LIFE IS. #RAPE off my spiritual tree n biker gangs

Then you got black women w FULL BLACK FACIAL FEATURES , VIOLA DAVIS WHAT YOU GET - MOVIES OF OUR ROOTS WOMAN KING AFTER WHAT!?? The white mans agenda in suite squad and murder failed.

ANGELA BASSETT YOU NOT THE GREATEST BUT BITCH YOU SUCK FICK GOOD ENOUGHT FOR WHITE FACE PLASTIC SURGERY AND CAPTIVATE THE BLACKS - BEYONCÉ HIGH YELLA ASS TWO ..

* sips tea yeah you winning .. the retardation trophy of the OLD white man agenda - 1942 .. when did black get to vote and why was that lynching laws!?

lol Jim Crow how you doing!? STILL HANGING ON JESUS WAS HUNG .. oh you said by a cross .. that’s cute how many time you kill me nigga but sit here

“I’m waiting for the magic when is god coming” - IT HAS TO BE A OUR BIGGEST KILLING IN HISTORY.

- BOOOGIE MAN BITCH IM RIGHT HERE. YOU FUCKING RETARD SHIT SORE LOSERS. A🥇💋

0 notes

sphaviation · 3 months ago

Text

Drones: India’s Tech Revolution

1. Agricultural Advancements: Drones are transforming Indian agriculture with precision farming, enabling real-time crop monitoring, efficient pesticide spraying, and data-driven farming decisions.

2. Boosting Infrastructure Development: From mapping terrains to monitoring large-scale infrastructure projects, drones are streamlining planning and execution, saving time and resources.

3. Disaster Management: Drones are essential in disaster relief operations, helping locate victims, assess damage, and deliver aid to remote areas quickly and efficiently.

4. Enhanced Security and Surveillance: Drones provide a new edge in national security by enhancing border surveillance, monitoring critical infrastructure, and assisting in law enforcement.

5. Fostering Innovation and Job Creation: The drone industry is spurring innovation, promoting entrepreneurship, and creating new job opportunities in manufacturing, services, and training.

6. Improved Healthcare Delivery: Drones are revolutionizing healthcare by delivering medical supplies, vaccines, and emergency aid to rural and hard-to-reach regions, saving lives.

Conclusion: Drones are shaping India’s future by driving innovation across multiple sectors, enhancing efficiency, and fostering economic growth. As technology evolves, India’s commitment to drone adoption will solidify its position as a global leader in this revolutionary space.

Contact: +91 85277 87146, +91 18001237199

Website: SPH Aviation

Instagram: Sph Aviation (@sphaviation) • Instagram photos and videos

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/profile.php?id=61550342603590&mibextid=ZbWKwL

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/company/sph-aviation?trk=blended-typeahead

#rpto #drone #drone pilot #dronelife #drone photography #new career #uav #new technology #industrial #drone training

0 notes

alishajoy059 · 3 months ago

Text

Producer Company Registration in India: A Comprehensive Guide

The agricultural sector in India is the backbone of the nation’s economy. To boost its growth and efficiency, the concept of Producer Companies was introduced. These companies are designed to benefit farmers by enabling them to organize their activities for mutual benefit, especially in areas like production, procurement, and marketing of agricultural products.

In this guide, we’ll cover everything you need to know about Producer Company Registration in India, from eligibility criteria to the registration process.

What is a Producer Company?

A Producer Company is a type of company where a group of primary producers, such as farmers or those involved in farming-related activities, come together to form a legal entity. The primary objective of these companies is to improve the income of its members and ensure better market access for their products.

Under the Companies Act, 1956, the concept of Producer Companies was introduced, and it now operates under Section 465(1) of the Companies Act, 2013. A Producer Company essentially combines the features of a cooperative society and a private limited company.

Benefits of a Producer Company

Access to Market and Resources: A producer company enables farmers to gain better access to larger markets, advanced technology, and more resources to enhance production and marketing capabilities.

Income Growth: By pooling resources, producers benefit from economies of scale, leading to reduced costs and increased income.

Legal Recognition: It provides a formal structure for agricultural producers, allowing them to function within the scope of Indian corporate law.

Limited Liability: Just like in a private limited company, the liability of members is limited to the extent of their shares.

Tax Benefits: Producer companies enjoy certain tax exemptions and lower tax rates compared to other types of businesses.

Eligibility Criteria for Forming a Producer Company

To register a Producer Company, certain eligibility conditions need to be met:

Minimum Producers Required: A minimum of 10 individual producers, or at least 2 producer institutions, or a combination of both can form a Producer Company.

Primary Activities: The company must focus on agriculture, post-harvest processing, marketing, or selling of farm produce. Other acceptable activities include pisciculture, horticulture, animal husbandry, and forest produce.

Members: All members must be primary producers involved in farming or related activities.

Documents Required for Producer Company Registration

PAN Cards of All Members: Each member of the producer company must provide a valid PAN card.

Identity Proof: A government-issued identity proof such as an Aadhaar card, driving license, or passport is required for all members.

Address Proof: Recent utility bills or bank statements can serve as address proof.

Registered Office Proof: The company must provide proof of the registered office, such as an electricity bill, rental agreement, or property ownership documents.

Memorandum of Association (MoA) and Articles of Association (AoA): These documents outline the company’s objectives and operational framework.

Registration Process for a Producer Company

Step 1: Digital Signature Certificate (DSC)

The first step is to obtain a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) for all proposed directors of the company. A DSC is necessary for signing the registration documents electronically.

Step 2: Director Identification Number (DIN)

The next step is to apply for a Director Identification Number (DIN) for all the directors. This is a unique identification number for anyone who intends to act as a director in any company.

Step 3: Name Approval

Once the DIN and DSC are obtained, an application must be filed with the Registrar of Companies (RoC) to reserve a unique name for the Producer Company. The name should clearly reflect the company’s agricultural or producer activities.

Step 4: File Incorporation Documents

After the name approval, the company must file incorporation documents, including the MoA and AoA, with the RoC. These documents outline the company’s objectives and the rules for internal management.

Step 5: Certificate of Incorporation

Once all documents are verified, the Registrar of Companies issues a Certificate of Incorporation, signifying that the Producer Company is now legally registered.

Step 6: Commencement of Business

After receiving the Certificate of Incorporation, the Producer Company can officially start its business operations.

Compliance Requirements for a Producer Company

Annual General Meeting (AGM): Every Producer Company is required to hold an Annual General Meeting within the first year of incorporation and every year thereafter.

Audit and Financial Statements: Producer Companies must maintain their financial records and submit them for annual audits. Financial statements must be filed with the RoC.

Regular Returns Filing: Like any other registered company, Producer Companies must file annual returns with the Ministry of Corporate Affairs (MCA).

Loans to Members: A Producer Company can provide financial assistance to its members through loans or credit facilities.

Conclusion

Registering a Producer Company is an excellent opportunity for farmers and producers to organize their business activities more effectively. It provides them with better market access, financial support, and a more structured framework for their operations. By following the steps mentioned above, producers can enjoy the benefits of legal recognition and grow their agricultural business in India.

By understanding the intricacies of Producer Company Registration, you can ensure a smooth and successful registration process while leveraging the advantages this corporate structure offers to primary producers.

#ProducerCompany #ProducerCompanyRegistration #AgricultureBusiness

0 notes

nkseo · 3 months ago

Text

Sustainability of Startups in India: Navigating the Path to Long-Term Success

India’s startup ecosystem is booming, making it one of the world’s most promising entrepreneurial hubs. However, sustainability is key to ensuring that the country’s burgeoning startups not only survive but thrive in the long run. While the energy and innovation driving Indian startups are impressive, staying afloat requires much more than just a good idea and passion. A careful balance between scalability, social impact, financial viability, and environmental consciousness is crucial for long-term growth.

In this article, we’ll explore the challenges and opportunities related to the sustainability of startups in India and how the ecosystem is evolving to support entrepreneurs for lasting success.

The Indian Startup Ecosystem: A Brief Overview

Over the past decade, India has witnessed a remarkable rise in entrepreneurial ventures. With government initiatives such as Startup India and Digital India, the landscape is conducive to the growth of new businesses. But while it’s easy to focus on the high rate of startup launches, it’s essential to remember that sustainability is not just about starting a business—it’s about ensuring it can last.

Many startups are propelled by innovation in technology, fintech, e-commerce, and agriculture, but the question remains: can these businesses sustain themselves in a highly competitive and volatile market?

Key Challenges to Sustainability

Several challenges stand in the way of Indian startups achieving long-term sustainability. Let’s break them down:

1. Access to Capital

While India has a burgeoning venture capital (VC) landscape, access to consistent funding remains a challenge. Many startups face difficulties securing investments beyond their initial seed funding, which stunts their ability to scale up. This hurdle is especially problematic for startups operating in sectors that don’t offer immediate profitability, such as sustainability-focused enterprises or deep tech.

Hyperlink Example: Many startups are exploring sustainable business models to ensure long-term success.

2. Infrastructure Bottlenecks

The lack of robust infrastructure, particularly in rural areas, makes it difficult for startups to expand their reach beyond urban markets. Unreliable power supply, slow internet connectivity, and logistical challenges limit the ability of companies to offer consistent services, making sustainability a challenge for startups that depend on these systems.

3. Regulatory Hurdles

India has made great strides in streamlining the process of starting a business, but regulatory compliance remains a major challenge, especially for smaller startups. From taxation to labor laws, navigating the country’s bureaucracy can be a drain on resources, time, and finances, all of which are critical for sustainability.

4. Retention of Talent

As startups scale up, finding and retaining skilled workers becomes difficult. Large corporations can often offer better pay packages and job security, which results in high turnover rates at startups. The ability to attract and keep top talent is essential for ensuring that a startup can sustain and grow over the long term.

The Rise of Sustainable Business Models

In recent years, sustainability itself has emerged as a core focus for startups in India. Many are now integrating environmentally friendly practices into their business models, not just for compliance but as a competitive advantage. Sustainable startups, especially in sectors like renewable energy, waste management, and organic farming, have the potential to create long-term value while addressing pressing environmental challenges.

Startups like Chakr Innovation, which converts diesel emissions into ink, and Goonj, a nonprofit that recycles urban waste into usable goods, are examples of how startups can be both profitable and environmentally conscious.

Hyperlink Example: Social entrepreneurship is increasingly becoming a trend, with many startups adopting practices that focus on both profitability and environmental impact.

Opportunities for Sustainable Growth

India offers numerous opportunities for startups to achieve sustainability, especially for those looking to capitalize on emerging trends.

1. Government Support

The Indian government has launched several initiatives aimed at supporting startups, particularly those focused on sustainability. Programs like Atal Innovation Mission and tax incentives for green startups are creating a favorable environment for businesses that prioritize sustainability. Startups that align with national priorities like clean energy and waste reduction are likely to receive more institutional support and funding in the future.

2. Growing Consumer Demand for Sustainability

With the rise of environmentally conscious consumers, startups focusing on sustainable products and services are gaining traction. From eco-friendly packaging to ethical fashion, the demand for sustainable alternatives is growing, giving startups an edge if they can offer solutions that meet these needs.

3. Technology and Innovation

Technology is playing a pivotal role in ensuring the sustainability of startups. AI-driven solutions, data analytics, and IoT are helping companies optimize their operations and reduce costs, making it easier to scale sustainably. For example, agritech startups are using data-driven methods to improve yields while reducing environmental impact.

Hyperlink Example: Many tech-driven startups are leveraging innovation to ensure their long-term survival in the market.

How Startups Can Improve Their Sustainability

Sustainability doesn’t happen by accident—it requires planning and strategy. Here are some ways startups can improve their sustainability:

1. Focus on Financial Stability

To sustain operations, startups need to maintain a balance between growth and profitability. Startups should focus on cash flow management and securing multiple funding sources to avoid dependency on external investments. Scaling up too fast without a solid financial base can lead to burnout.

2. Embrace Social Responsibility

Modern consumers are increasingly supporting businesses that are socially and environmentally responsible. Startups that integrate corporate social responsibility (CSR) into their operations are likely to attract loyal customers who value sustainability. Being seen as a responsible business can also help attract investments from socially conscious investors.

3. Scalable Business Models

Scalability is a critical component of sustainability. Startups need to design business models that can adapt to changing market conditions without exhausting their resources. Many startups are now incorporating digital-first strategies, which allow them to scale efficiently with lower operational costs.

Hyperlink Example: Creating scalable and sustainable business models is key to long-term growth.

4. Collaborate with Ecosystem Players

Collaborations with incubators, accelerators, and industry leaders can provide startups with the resources, mentorship, and networks they need to succeed. Partnering with larger companies or engaging in public-private partnerships can also help startups tap into new markets while maintaining operational stability.

Conclusion: The Future of Sustainable Startups in India

India’s startup ecosystem holds immense promise, but long-term sustainability will depend on the ability of startups to adapt to challenges, embrace innovation, and prioritize sustainable business practices. Entrepreneurs who can navigate these challenges while focusing on financial and social sustainability will be the ones to shape the future of India’s economy.

For more insights on India's startup landscape and its journey towards sustainability, visit YourIndia, a platform dedicated to discussing India’s entrepreneurial and societal growth.

In conclusion, while the road ahead is not without its hurdles, the opportunities for startups to thrive in India are immense—especially for those who prioritize sustainability from the very beginning.

0 notes