#- limits and continuity and singularity for maths class

[crispy0nion]

besties i might not make it (5 tests in a week)

[straightlightyagami]

From Real's math asks: 3, 25, 27 ^_^

Thank you for the ask ^_^

3. What math classes did you like the most?

An introductory discrete math class that was the first proof-based course I took and a number theory class that I liked in the sense that I did a lot of extra reading on topics mentioned but not covered in class.

25. Who is your favorite Mathematician?

not sure, but Perelman is quite a Type of Guy as they say

27. Do you know any good math jokes?

(someone told me this joke a while ago, I searched it up looking for a source and found it on several reddit poasts and on badjokesbyjeff, in the exact same wording. It's too long to type out so I am copying it here like everyone else.)

Infinite number of mathematicians walk into a bar

The first mathematician orders a beer

The second orders half a beer

"I don't serve half-beers" the bartender replies

"Excuse me?" Asks mathematician #2

"What kind of bar serves half-beers?" The bartender remarks. "That's ridiculous."

"Oh c'mon" says mathematician #1 "do you know how hard it is to collect an infinite number of us? Just play along"

"There are very strict laws on how I can serve drinks. I couldn't serve you half a beer even if I wanted to."

"But that's not a problem" mathematician #3 chimes in "at the end of the joke you serve us a whole number of beers. You see, when you take the sum of a continuously halving function-"

"I know how limits work" interjects the bartender

"Oh, alright then. I didn't want to assume a bartender would be familiar with such advanced mathematics"

"Are you kidding me?" The bartender replies, "you learn limits in like, 9th grade! What kind of mathematician thinks limits are advanced mathematics?"

"HE'S ON TO US" mathematician #1 screeches

Simultaneously, every mathematician opens their mouth and out pours a cloud of multicolored mosquitoes. Each mathematician is bellowing insects of a different shade.

The mosquitoes form into a singular, polychromatic swarm. "FOOLS" it booms in unison, "I WILL INFECT EVERY BEING ON THIS PATHETIC PLANET WITH MALARIA"

The bartender stands fearless against the technicolor hoard. "But wait" he inturrupts, thinking fast, "if you do that, politicians will use the catastrophe as an excuse to implement free healthcare. Think of how much that will hurt the taxpayers!"

The mosquitoes fall silent for a brief moment. "My God, you're right. We didn't think about the economy! Very well, we will not attack this dimension. FOR THE TAXPAYERS!" and with that, they vanish.

A nearby barfly stumbles over to the bartender. "How did you know that that would work?"

"It's simple really" the bartender says. "I saw that the vectors formed a gradient, and therefore must be conservative."

[trioeducationalservices]

Reasons your Child Ought to go to Preschool

Reasons your Child Ought to go to Preschool 

Preschool gives an establishment to learning both socially and scholastically that will enable your child to prevail in primary school. 

Preschool is an open door for the development

For some children, preschool is their first involvement with an organized setting with instructors and gatherings of children. It's an occasion to figure out how to share, adhere to directions, and start the establishment for discovering that will happen in primary school.

Preschool gets ready children for kindergarten.

As kindergarten turns out to be more scholarly, numerous guardians look to preschool to dispatch their child on the way to accomplishment in school. Simultaneously, guardians may stress that the current pattern to zero in on pre-math and pre-proficiency abilities in preschool cuts into significant playtime and pushes a child to grow up excessively quickly. It's a mistaking issue, especially for loved ones’ contribution to various conclusions and exhortation. 

Luckily, in choosing a preschool, guardians aren't compelled to pick between securing a child's playtime and preparing sure she's for kindergarten. An excellent youth instruction program will offer children both. 

However, how do great preschools advantage children's learning and improvement? What's more, what highlights should guardians search for in a preschool program? One response to these inquiries is that the staff at great preschools and child care programs comprehend the specific ways that small kids create and learn. What's more, they sort out space, time, and exercises to be in a state of harmony with children's social, passionate, intellectual, and physical capacities.

Enroll your child in the Top School Franchise Delhi | Top Education Franchise In India

Preschool advances social and enthusiastic turn of events

To learn, a little youngster needs to feel thought about and secure with an instructor or parental figure. A 3-year-old child can invest energy away from guardians and construct confiding involved with grown-ups outside the family. Top-notch preschool programs sustain warm connections among children, educators, and guardians. Also, educators construct a nearby close to home association with every child in their consideration. 

Children flourish when there is consistency in care among home and school. In top-notch preschools, instructors esteem guardians as the specialists on their children. Guardians get every day provides details regarding their child's exercises and normal gatherings are booked for additional inside and out meetings with staff. Educators endeavor to comprehend and regard guardians' child-raising objectives and qualities. 

Little youngsters learn social abilities and passionate discretion "progressively." Three-and 4-year-olds learn through their encounters and great educators set aside a few minutes for those "workable minutes" when they can assist children with figuring out how to oversee disappointments or outrage. They don't consequently step in to determine children's contentions for them; they have a very much sharpened feeling of when to let children work out their issues and when to intercede. Without disgracing a child, they urge her to see the effect of her forceful or terrible conduct on another child.

The preschool climate is organized, although it may not give the idea that way

An exceptionally organized climate encourages small kids to figure out how to make companions and play well with others. This doesn't mean there are loads of decides or those grown-ups continually direct children's exercises. Unexpectedly, the structure of an excellent preschool homeroom is generally undetectable to children. Study hall space is sorted out to support social communication, and limit blockage and clashes.

Children get the opportunity to settle on decisions

Children have a few options of exercises; a child who is meandering carelessly is urged to pick one that intrigues him. Instructors are aware of a child who can't sort out some way to enter other children's play and may offer him recommendations on approaches to join the gathering.

Children figure out how to deal with themselves as well as other people

Children's feelings of skill and self-esteem develop as they figure out how to deal with themselves and help other people. Educators appeal to a small kid's craving to take part in "genuine work" by offering him opportunities to assist in the homeroom, for instance, by preparing the table at nibble time or taking care of the study hall hamster. Children are relied upon to wash their hands before nibble time, keep individual assets in their "cubby," and set aside toys before moving to another movement.

Educators additionally urge a child to see herself as an asset to other children. For instance, an educator may ask a child who's more skilled at pouring water to help a child who is learning. Or on the other hand, she may ask a "veteran" preschooler to show a newcomer where the sand toys are kept. 

All through their school years, a lot of children's learning will occur in the organization of their companions. In a great preschool program, children are acquainted with the practices needed to work effectively in a kindergarten study hall. For instance, during bunch exercises, for example, "circle time," children figure out how to zero in consideration on the instructor, tune in while others are talking, and sit tight to talk.

Preschool advances language and psychological abilities

Preschool-age children's language abilities are supported in a "language-rich" climate. Between the ages of 3 and 5, a child's jargon develops from 900 to 2,500 words, and her sentences become longer and more intricate. In a conversational way, and without overwhelming the conversation, educators assist children with extending their language abilities by asking provocative inquiries and presenting new jargon during science, workmanship, nibble time, and different exercises. Children have numerous occasions to sing, talk about most loved read-so anyone might hear books, and carry on stories. 

A small kid's intellectual aptitudes are reinforced by taking part in a wide scope of involved exercises that challenge her to watch intently, pose inquiries, test her thoughts, or take care of an issue. In any case, educators comprehend that preschool children are not intelligent in the grown-up feeling of the word; their clarifications of what causes a plant to develop or why individuals get old, may not include circumstances and logical results. For instance, "individuals get old since they have birthday events." They may depend on their faculties and "mysterious intuition" instead of on motivation to clarify why wood coasts in water and shakes sink – "The stone likes to be on the base since it's cooler." 

Preschool educators support a child's interest

Educators watch, pose inquiries, and tune in to children's thoughts during these exercises — "right" answers are not the objective. To support their interest and inspiration to learn, educators utilize children's inclinations and thoughts to make exercises. What's more, even a straightforward, chance function –, for example, a child's revelation of a snail in the outside play region — can be transformed into an energizing occasion to learn. 

Preschool-age children have dynamic minds and learn through pretend play. Educators realize that the line between the real world and dream is frequently not satisfactory to a small kid. Once in awhile these outcomes in fears of beasts under the bed. Yet, the creative mind likewise fills learning. For instance, when a gathering of children makes a pretend pet store, they will rehearse numerous social and psychological abilities as they allocate functions to every child, sort out classes of pet supplies and how to compose them, make signs to name items; help their "clients" select the correct cleanser or feline toy; and take "cash" for merchandise. 

The nonexistent play zone in an excellent preschool is very much supplied with outfits, "props," and child-size family things, for example, ovens, sinks, and organizers. It's frequently in this movement zone that preschool-age children progress consistently from singular play to one-on-one play, to convoluted gathering play. 

Preschool exercises support pre-math and education aptitudes

Little youngsters show developing enthusiasm for pre-math and pre-proficiency abilities. They are interested and attentive, and they need to be equipped in the abilities that their families and society esteem —, for example, perusing the guidelines for gathering a toy, or choosing the right bills or coins to pay for a buy. To get ready children for the scholarly requests of kindergarten, educators offer a wide assortment of games and exercises that assist children with getting the pre-math and proficiency aptitudes. 

Singing letters to tune while tracking within an image book constructs a child's attention to the associations between letters in order letters and word sounds. Learning rhymes and serenades encourage them to see the unmistakable sounds inside words. Connecting with children in a conversation about an energizing read-so anyone might hear the story supports their tuning in, understanding, and expressive language abilities. Playing with attractive letters in order letters may rouse a child to request that an instructor assist her with composing the primary letter of her name. 

Coordinating games, arranging games, tallying games, and tabletop games construct children's comprehension of numbers, classes, and succession, which underpins later numerical learning. Assembling puzzles urges children to see themes, prepare, and issue fathom. 

To continue children's energy and inspiration for learning, great preschool and child care programs present early proficiency and math aptitudes not as secluded activities, but rather with regards to exercises that are fascinating and important to children. 

Preschool creates engine aptitudes

Physical coordination improves, permitting the child to investigate her current circumstance — and to challenge herself-in new manners. Small kids are moving for a decent aspect of the day. Top-notch preschool programs give a few open doors every day to children to run, climb, and play dynamic games. Exercises are offered to assist children with growing fine engine aptitudes, for example, stringing dots or cutting with scissors. Also, children are tested through an assortment of exercises to assemble their dexterity and parity.

At the point when you pick a top-notch program that suits your child and family, you can feel guaranteed that your child is all-around thought about, is getting a charge out of exercises and making companions — and is building the information, aptitudes, and certainty to do well in kindergarten.

Have a look at: International Preschool Franchise Bangalore | Best School Franchise In Delhi | Top School Franchise In India | Best Preschool Franchise

[sfpcschool]

Fall 2017: Week 2

by ann

Week 2 of the fall semester marked the first full week of classes for SFPC. Energized after the weekend, students came ready to debate singularities, jump into soldering and coding, and introduce themselves and their work to the community.

Day 1: Vera Molnár and The Algorists

Day 1 started with a class on media art with Zach Lieberman.

First, students shared the programming languages they had created as part of last week’s homework. Some highlights were a language called ‘pretty please’ that requires programmers to ask the computer nicely in order to get operations to execute, and a physical object interpreter for cooking.

Next up was a lecture on the Algorists, and a group research session on the work and life of Vera Molnár, a pioneer of computer art.

Starting in 1959, Molnár created paintings using what she called the “Imaginary Machine.” Molnár would follow a series of set instructions with slight variations to create paintings that explored “the subtleties that turn a collection of forms into the ‘epiphany’ of art.” In 1968, she began working with a computer and plotter to expand her examination of algorithmic art.

“This may sound paradoxical, but the machine, which is thought to be cold and inhuman, can help to realize what is most subjective, unattainable, and profound in a human being.” — Vera Molnar

Day 2: Political objects, Silicon Valley, and Women in Computing

Morehshin Allahyari’s class, The Radical Outside, began with a discussion of the week’s reading. Students debated if creators with biases and beliefs about the purpose and audience of the technologies they are making can intentionally or unintentionally bias the objects they create. Students talked about snapchat filters and automatic soap dispensers as examples of technologies that perpetuate the biases and skin tones of their developers. There was also a lively debate over whether certain technologies necessitated particular political systems, as argued in the article, Do Artifacts Have Politics?

“Who is we? Who gets to decide to create technologies?” — Morehshin Allahyari

Next, two students, Amit Runchal and Matt Ortega, presented their research on Silicon Valley ideology and women in computing, respectively.

Amit argued that, “The suggestion that we should expect new technologies to reduce the gaps between the haves and have-nots” is too simplistic, and posited that the current technological revolution “will give birth to new forms of political philosophies” as it exposes the limitations in previous philosophies, such as capitalism and socialism, birthed from the industrial revolution.

Matt asked the class to think about the role of images in how we perceive certain roles and industries, and where we choose to work: “How important is it to see ourselves reflected via gender and race to provide a definition of what is possible in our world, and encourage us to work at the boundaries?”

Day 3: Buttons and blinking lights

Wednesday marked the first hardware lesson of the semester! Students met Pam Liou who is co-teaching the class along with Taeyoon Choi.

Pam is a computational designer working with textiles, who also has a background in jewelry design. Formerly a resident at Eyebeam Art and Technology Center, working on an open source jacquard loom, Pam’s work investigates the “tensions between craftsmanship, technology, and commerce.”

Taeyoon also lectured on the basics of hardware. He introduced the class to his handmade computer project and his work on demystifying computational technology.

“There is a sense of beauty in how computers are designed.” — Taeyoon Choi

The technical portion of his talk started with a discussion of voltage and current, resistance, and LEDs. He then quickly moved to circuit diagrams and translating drawings to life. He then threw the class into the deep end, having them soldering their own circuits and experiment with different kinds of switches.

Day 4: Field trip to the MoMA Library

Thursday started with a field trip lead by Taeyoon to the MoMA Library, which houses an extensive collection of books, exhibition catalogs, correspondence, and other articles about individual artists and art collectives.

The students met Jennifer Tobias, who’s a librarian at MoMA, and learned about E.A.T (Experiments in Art and Technology), a collective established in the US in the 1960s to facilitate collaborations between artists and engineers. The group was set up by engineers Billy Klüver and Fred Waldhauer and the artists Robert Rauschenberg and Robert Whitman, who founded the group after the success of their event, “9 Evenings: Theater & Engineering.” The conversation lead to appreciation of artists and engineers like David Tudorwho’s practice influenced music, conceptual art as well as engineering.

Students spent the morning reading over notes, letters, postcards, and speech transcripts from E.A.T members.

Day 4 cont’: Meet the Students!

The week ended with a coming out party for the fall 2017 class. In a rapid fire salon-style evening with alumni and community members, each student gave a four minute presentation on their work and their motivation for coming to SFPC. It was an intimate and welcoming audience excited to hear about what this semester’s SFPC is up to. Afterwards, students and attendees mingled and discussed art, media, and future collaborations.

For their presentations, student shared their work and plans for SFPC:

Colin gave an overview of his work as a mechanical engineer and woodworker, including the process behind his pieces.

Kaitlin talked about her evolution as a photographer from traditional landscape photography to digital photo manipulation to VR.

Matt O. showed his projects that combined his love of music and technology.

Yumi gave an overview of her work as a motion graphics designer and told the group that when she read the SFPC motto, “more poetry, less demos” she knew it would be the right place for her.

Fernando talked about his game Panoramical, a game he made about navigating the US healthcare system, and his responsibility as an artist and maker in today’s political climate.

April shared her weird side projects.

Guillermo talked about his creative coding school in Chile, and his work as an electrical engineer and musician.

Heather talked about her company’s work in equality and sustainability, her interest in algorithmic biases, and her love of pair programming.

Niklas told the group about how he taught himself graphic design, ran his own agency, and traveled to Japan.

Qiao talked about her frustrations with teleconferencing with international colleagues, and her plans to build a real time translation app that would take into account the speaker’s mood and intention.

Matt J showed off his mesmerizing, math-based looping GIFs.

Stacy talked about her background in cognitive science, her love of the outdoors, and her hopes for SFPC.

Diego shared his 36 days of type challenge, his agency, and the complexity of running a restaurant.

Ying shared his love of photography and the powerful emotions a single image can evoke, and wondered how the same effect could be achieved through code.

Hyojin talked about her evolution from designer to artist and her interest in how identity is constructed.

Wei talked about his time at the New Inc. incubator and his artistic collaboration with his wife (together they form the creative duo He & Hu).

Ann shared her love of cyborgs and their relationship to the mixed race experience, and her interest in exploring discomfort as an artistic tool.

Amit closed the night by inviting the audience to choose one of three potential presentations. After taking a survey of the room, he shared a recent philosophical conundrum that’s been nagging at him: if you were to die right now and be given the choice to continue life but with no knowledge this choice had been presented, or to move on to a state of nothingness, which would you choose?

[bujo-ie]

so i’m miraculously terrible at keeping up with stuff :’) but here is my schedule as promised! ((also a few notes on me about what i’ll start posting))

under the cut because it’s long! once i fix up my blog i’ll link it

Schedule - Sophomore Year (Grade 10) // 2017-2018

Classes: - health! although this class is generally not taken seriously, my teacher is absolutely amazing and that’s enough to keep me awake at 8am after two hours of sleep ahaha but it’s a bit repetitive but very very important. take care of yourself everyone!! - AP Capstone Seminar (Year 1) - one of the newer advanced placement classes on College Board’s list; it’s mostly a research-based thing where we do a project for National History Day (NHD) about a period/facet in history (unfortunately we’re limited to doing U.S. history) and compete against other teams! i do enjoy this class but my teacher is v v scary so you’ll probably see me either whining or freaking out about the class. no exams, though! - algebra II/trigonometry - i’m absolutely terrible at math but so is my friend so i might fail but at least it was a group effort you probably won’t see that much from this class since i do hate math and there’s little to copy down for notes other than practice which is not as fun if you think about it - spanish III - this is my fourth year taking spanish but i’m only at the second level so far since i was placed in the same class last year. but no matter! so far it’s just been review but i’m pretty sure this year we’re going to learn the different tenses (past/preterite, imperfect, future) but i’m not sure if we’ll go into subjunctive just yet - latin I - i’m really hyped for this class! it’s pretty interesting to see how the root of most languages i speak works and my teacher is hilarious. there’s a lot of exams for latin though, i actually have one tomorrow so wish me luck ^o^ - physics - i’m not very good nor am i interested in the sciences but physics is okay so far. the fact that i’m bad at math isn’t helping, but i’ve self studied somewhat during the summer, so hopefully that will help :) - english III - english is my absolute most favorite class! sophomore english is focusing on romanticism and the art, literature, and culture of that time period, so we’ve been doing lots of analysis on poetry by william blake and william wordsworth and listening to romantic music :)) i’m pretty sure i have an essay to be assigned soon on romanticism and its qualities - AP World History (Year 2) - one of the mandated classes for my school! i did pretty well last year in APWH so here’s to hoping it’ll continue :) i do like this class but we have quite a lot of homework from the textbook (which is, in all honesty, not that bad)

Clubs (tentative):

- moot court - i’m a humanities person and i’m thinking of entering a profession in the legal system + area so this is me trying to get a feel of that! moot court lasts for i think one semester so from october to february! members of moot court participate/practice in actual law firms/courts and are selected based on presentation, projection, pacing, coherence, and flexibility from the audition prompt given. i’m pretty nervous even though the prompt is quite simple; i’m not much of a good presenter, but this will at least give me some experience :)

- mock trial - similar to moot court except it’s more of a team-based effort; moot court is very singular in that you have an argument and you defend it by yourself and answer questions that may be posed during your argument; mock trial is similar to the stuff seen on TV, with different roles in court (prosecutor, defense, judge/jury) and there’s more teamwork involved. spring semester - march - june

- key club - community service club! joining it for a second year and i might apply for a position...? who knows :D

- phoenix - this is a student-run magazine focusing on the arts and literature of students! it’s something that’s perfect for me based on my hobby of writing little things and drawing some stuff, although i think i’ll focus on writing. i’m planning to apply for an editorial position next year!

so that’s all for now! this is just a general overview of my schedule so you’ll probably see the originals on my blog be:

- homework - notes - study guides - the occasional project!

i have three exams this week so i’m going to do a last minute review! thank you for reading (if you even went through this long post lol) and have a good night!

[yung-gini-blog]

Word Is Bitcoin

The Private Key:

Businesses and leaders ask “Why Bitcoin?”

The answer is “why not!”

Truth is: bitcoin is a conundrum. A mystery. A black box. Bitcoin devastates our natural tendency towards metaphor and simile. Bitcoin is not this or that, it is all of it and nothing at all, simultaneously. Bitcoin is like a text; it's akin to a work of fine art in its wisdom and collectibility. And crucially, what Bitcoin is is not determined by any singular human authority.

Bitcoin exists, and that is all that can be said definitively. Bitcoin cannot be stopped. This I say confidently. Its will to be exceeds that of any human machine.

This book is dedicated to all the enterprises, executives, investors, and sovereigns on the path of success...To those who are fed up, who have watched it happen again and again and know now is the time to jump in and go with the flow...To those who are not “early adopters” but who understand the importance of timing, if you wish to stop reacting to the accelerating waves of disruption and begin to embrace the technologies that are reshaping capital markets, redefining the best practices for efficient operations of complex systems, reimagining planet Earth as a space of shared prosperity, and accelerating the evolution of consciousness...To those who are curious and hopeful, why I write this book is well understood.

  I.

1) Stop Reacting:

Inspect the state of the global economy.

Characterize the paths of success in the world that is

Industry

Stocks and bonds (equity and debt)

Options and Futures (equity derivatives)

Swaps and CDOs (debt derivatives)

Location, Location, Location (real estate 4 dummies)

Finance

Pensions → Corporates → Endowments (AUM, dumb to smart managers)

Value Investing → Prop trading → Market Making (money makers, slow to fast)

Family Offices → Sovereigns → Banks (power players, small to big)

VC → PE → Hedge Fund (fee structures)

Internet

“Software eats the world” (technofuturism is obvious for nerds)

Automation and DevOps (data is an asset and algorithms are leverage)

Intellectual property (is software)

Copyleft and Open Source (ethical capitalism aka skilled labor retention)

2) Begin to Embrace:

Startup Culture

Small teams (Bezos' “2 pizza rule”)

Generalists over specialists

Equity ownership

The Startup Grind (hussle harder)

Growth

Everything grows at its own natural rate. To go beyond the natural, consider doping the hormones of your enterprise with the equivalent of steroids for corporate finance.

Hacking (RTFM, kid)

The codes are Open Source. Read the documentation and test it like your security depends on it.

Growth Hacking (click funnels, content marketing, ads, persuasion)

Mind Hacking (meditation, psychadelics, affirmations)

Social Hacking (politics, persuasion, persistence)

Consistency

Principles (values, virtues, patterns, and Truth as you know it)

Open-mindedness (eager acceptance of imperfection and continuous detachment from self-conceptions)

Alternatives [Illustrate the futility of avoiding money or searching for an alternative to Bitcoin. Perhaps Criticism deserves its own section in Stop Reacting.]

Lifestyle business (requires social media Growth Hacking skills)

Art and collectibles (nostalgia, or “authentic culture is the ultimate asset in a world of abundance”)

Asceticism (ie orthodox religion)

Intellectualism (ie Marxism)

II.

1) Capital Markets:

Disintermediation

Automation and competition over transaction execution lowers fees towards zero (over time)

Tokenization

Assets are standardized for exchange online

24/7 365 global market access

Liquidity

Markets in everything (gambling is a sport)

Dark net markets in everything (Panic or Paradise?)

Money In Politics

Tax havens/finance hubs and jurisdiction shopping

Trade War (Is Bitcoin uncorrelated?)

Audit-ability and the emerging “Anticorruption movement” (not a thing but can we make it a thing?)

2) Operational Efficiency:

Automation

Deep Learning (same silicon as mining, overlapping developer labor pool)

DevOps (continuous integration)

DevSecOps (automated threat monitoring)

Robots

3D Printing

Process Engineering

Co-located teams are Agile (the cult of Daily Standup)

Distributed teams are Remote, Flexible, and Aligned

Remote (work from home or bring your work home?) [contrast with megacorp campuses with perks like “free” doggie day-care]

Flex-time (cultivating freedom mentality in creative knowledge workers)

Incentive Alignment (greasing the gears) [contrast with Principal-Agent Problem]

Data is an Asset Class

Software systems ingest and log data

Logged data from enterprise systems is fed to AI

Blockchains are public data sets, enriching and nourishing today's baby AIs

3) Planet Earth:

Climate Crises

Mining carbon emissions are a problem and technological civilizations solve problems

Increased demand for energy stimulates market for solar and other renewable energy tech!

Solving climate crisis requires global cooperation

Global cooperation implies increased globalization

Wildlife Conservation

Nature is the ultimate inspiration of art, and art is priceless

Cultivating nature is a component of life well-lived

Disregard for nature is contemptible to the Bitcoin Rich

4) Evolution:

Nature and Conscious Nurturing

Education technology is the only better industry than enterprise fintech. Invest in innovative methods to inform current and future generations.

Synthetic biology is the only science more important than computers (physics is the intersection of computer science and math in today's academy).

Reinvention

Success comes with repetition. Good ideas deserve persistence. Bitcoin is not original, but it is different.

Embrace change by appropriating software techniques like iteration and recursion to accelerate your lifecycles. (A lifecycle is an instance of the {do, receive, think, state} mental loop. [Elaboration on this will come later])

The Collective Unconscious

Common dreams are hard to come by. Don't bet against them; join in or standby.

Money is intellectual energy, it's presence felt but hardly seen; it's message heard but sound not made.

The mentality that Bitcoin imparts on the world is one of self-reliance, entrepreneurship, reinforcement of the Truth that ideas matter, and appreciation of the wonderful unknown.

Something Old, Something New

Sharia 101: Intro to Islamic Finance

The Problem of Riba (similar to usury)

Bitcoin is Halal

Orthodox Jews love it too

AI algorithms can transact autonomously, without human or corporate identity

Bitcoin: an engine of globalization and cross-cultural pollination

Soul Contracts

“In the beginning was the word” [John 1:1]

“Be impeccable with your word” [Don Miguel Ruiz]

“Word is bond” [5% Nation of Gods and Earths]

Do you believe in destiny, fate, karma, or justice? If you knew with certainty that all of your actions and moods and mental states were under constant surveillance by a superintelligent entity, how would you live? Do you have any sacred rituals or objects? What makes them special in your eyes? The answers to these questions are where fortune resides.

Appendix A:

Cybernetics [Weiner, Maltz]

Neuro-Linguistic Programming

Natural Language Processing

Databases, relational algebra, Structured Query Language

Distributed systems, security, fault tolerance

Distributed Denial of Service, Byzantine Fault Tolerance, Proof of Work

Proof of Stake and the future (sharding, data chains, interoperability, dapps, etc.)...

What is Blockchain technology? Immutable Record-keeping, Smart Contracts, and Notes on Historiography (a collection of political economy book reviews in light of Blockchain) [this part is a kind of hedge for the educated “Blockchain not Bitcoin” reader]:

Fukuyama's The End of History, about the triumph of liberal democracy, vs.

Davidson's The Sovereign Individual, about thriving during the collapse of the Welfare State;

Keynes' The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money, about spending your way out of a recession vs.

Hayek's The Road to Serfdom, about easy money and debt traps;

Smith's The Wealth of Nations, about capitalism, vs.

Marx' Das Kapital, about capitalism

Taleb's Fooled By Randomness, about unfairness, vs.

Piketty's Capital In The 21st Century, about unfairness.

  This is a base structure from which to iterate into a full-length book. The structure serves the function of establishing context inside which an argument is made persuasively. The proposition is that “Bitcoin is the Index Fund of the Internet”. By Internet, I mean a global computer network. Today, if you want to invest in Enterprise SaaS (perhaps the industry with the most investable companies), you are limited by your dealflow. Dealflow is usually regionally segregated, in that you must be closely connected to a company's founding team to be an early-stage investor.

As the new wave of post-global communications networks, (permissionless) Blockchain technologies deliver access to liquid markets to anyone who can operate a phone. In the long term, markets create prosperity. But in the short term, markets often have shocking effects.

The problem of markets is that there are too many choices. A perfect capitalist economy has everything up for sale always. So how could anyone know with certainty that they have bought the right goods? How often do you allocate resources only to discover that your energies are better focused elsewhere? The entire purpose of advertising, marketing, sales, and politics is to convince people to make decisions that wouldn't otherwise occur to them. We live in a world awash in persuasion, and it's increasingly difficult to stand outside of the social field.

In order to make this book real, a great deal of research is to be done, including 8 book reports (plus reviews of Krawisz' Hyperbitcoinization and Carter's Visions of Bitcoin). Furthermore, the entire Western economy must be diagrammed so that the central banking Ponzi is revealed. I believe it is best to adopt an approach of subtlety, perhaps leaving the investigation of some details about the fraud in the non-profit sector as an exercise for the curious reader (think multinational NGOs like IMF and World Bank). Some things, like verbal evisceration of banksters, sound better coming from Elizabeth Warren or Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez.

It is not necessary to be maximally critical of the powers that be; Bitcoin is itself a diplomatic technology. One of Bitcoin's intangible qualities is that it serves as a vehicle for education. Bitcoin is the incentive for a movement of self-education in technology and markets, and it is wonderful that such a thing exists while so many young people are six figures deep in debt to a university system that doesn't prepare them for the working world, a world dominated by financial technologies.

I hope that the arc of the book flows from solid matter (industry) to bits of data (finance) to soul vibration (sovereignty). In the process, the reader takes a journey of self-discovery. If one's outlook coming into the book is to learn how to transform your business with Bitcoin and get rich, one's outlook going out should be how to accept the blessings of fortune and live a dignified life.

  Original Text by Yung Gini. The reader is free to use this text or the ideas therein in any way shape or form, and to engage Gini in open-ended negotiations in pursuance of a book-making contract, accepting that Gini expects no greater than 21% share of book revenues, and thus intends to impart no greater than 21% of book-writing efforts, as his passion is Construction with bits, not Explanations in ink.

As one who believes that books are being outmoded in favor of voice-based digital media (which can be optionally transcribed into book format for old-school readers), I look forward to recording and streaming conversations that cover any of the aforementioned points in depth enough to tickle my mind and edify the audience.

[5-7kacholluria]

Weekly Update 2/1/19

General Studies:

Reading:

This week was filled with many Groundhog’s Day themed activities. The friends learned about the holiday and made predictions. More friends hoped that Phil the Groundhog won’t see his shadow in hopes of an earlier spring. They also were taught key holiday vocabulary words such as burrow and hibernate. Some friends learned that compound words are formed when two smaller words are combined to form a new word, such as ladybug and baseball. The friends enjoyed learning about adjectives. Through a fun interactive matching game, the friends learned how adjectives are used to describe a noun.

Some friends read the poem “Groundhog’s Day” and learned the sight words little, see, more and winter.

I’m a little groundhog

In my hole.

On February 2nd

You will know,

If I see my shadow

It will be,

Six more weeks of winter

For you and me!

Friends who have been learning their r and l bends, began to learn the digraphs, wh, sh, ch, and th. Some examples they came up with are, whale, why, shoe, shop, chocolate, chip, thumb, thick. Many friends are beginning to use these digraphs and blends in their writing as well. The readers also worked on asking their reading partners “why” questions before, during and after reading to engage in active inquiry while reading to aid in deepening comprehension, making connections, and thinking beyond the text.

Some friends were introduced to reader’s theater, practicing the play Chicken Little. The friends learned to follow along to be prepared for their part.

Writing:

This week, the writers continued their handwriting without tears curriculum. They are learning to carefully write their uppercase and lowercase letters in an effort to support theirs writing stamina!

Some friends continued to work on opinion writing. They also began writing book reviews. Our reviewers listened to stories and wrote their opinions. They learned about star ratings and used adjectives to help express their feelings about the books, such as interesting, voting, and funny. They also learned how to write a summary and conclusion.

Math:

Some friends are continuing to practice their subtraction facts. As the weeks progress, the friends are challenged with larger number sentences. We also discussed the importance of paying close attention to the symbols and how the plus sign tells you to add while the minus sign tells you to subtract.

Other friends continued to practice solving word problems where they add to with change unknown, take from with change unknown, put together with addend unknown, and take apart with addend unknown word problems. For example: “Maria has 15 baseballs, 8 of them are old, and some of them are brand new birthday presents. How many brand new baseballs does Maria have?” Students solve these problems using both the counting on strategy and subtraction strategies.

Here are two more examples: Cameron gives some of his apples to his sister. He still has 9 apples left. If he had 15 apples at first, how many apples did he give to his sister?

Toby dropped 12 crayons on the classroom floor. Toby picked up 9 crayons. Marnie picked up the rest. How many crayons did Marnie pick up?

The get to ten strategy has students solving 12 – 3 as 12 – 2 – 1, understanding that decomposing the subtrahend to easily get to the ten yields a simpler, more manageable subtraction problem. It is the way a student can make ten when there is an unknown addend. It is a step away from counting on, where, rather than counting on by ones, students consider how much it takes to get to ten and then add on the rest to the teen number. For many students, the language of get to ten helps them bridge from counting on to a more efficient strategy.

Cultural:

We continued our study of North America and focused on understanding where we live. We reviewed the book Me on the Map, and worked on our project to understand where we live on the map. We looked at our street, city, state, country, continent, and planet.

Ivrit:

This week the 5-7 friends investigated the way a plant is developing from a zerah (seed) to a Tzemach (plant). Some friends worked on a visual dictionary drawing the corresponding pictures to words such as Zera (seed), Nevet (sprout), Shoresh (root), Geza (tree trunk), Anafim (branches), Nitzanim (flower buds), Alim (leaves), and Prachim (flowers), conjugated in plural and singular form. Others, added adjectives describing the nouns by conjugating each adjective to corresponding with the noun’s gender. Everyone enjoyed looking for zraeem in various fruits and vegetables sampling the evidence.

Yahadut:

This week in yahadut the friends learned about Parashat Mishpatim. We spoke about some of the mitzvot in this Parasha and noted that the mitzvot in this Parasha have a logical reasoning behind them. The friends got the chance to look at a short Torah phrase and find hidden words inside the passuk. Some of the friends also worked to find the Hebrew prefixes in the passuk. We are continuing our brachot unit. The this week we focused on the 6 different brachot we say before eating food. We looked at the words of each bracha and practiced sorting different foods into their correct brachah category.

Art Classes January Reflection

Students worked on a number of projects that focused on using a grid to create artwork. Creating art with boxes on graph paper ‘takes the edge off’ realistic drawing, as it’s more like building an image with squares and rectangles, like Legos, Minecraft or 8-bit video game graphics. We discussed this unit as requiring translation, that students were challenged to adapt their curved and diagonal lines to the grid format.

One activity was to copy a simple line drawing of an animal by breaking the image into gridded squares and working to recreate the same image square by square. We labeled the grid with letters and numbers to organize the process, and some students said it was like the game Battleship. The objective was to recreate the lines in each square, piece by piece, rather than trying to draw the whole animal all at once. Students had to observe each square, break the image into parts, and transfer the drawing to a second grid.

For another activity, students got a white paper with a 1”x1” grid, a bunch of black paper 1”x1” squares, and a glue stick. Students experimented with building a picture with the squares. Once they’d settled on a picture, they glued the squares onto the paper. We discussed how details were limited when working in this format, and we considered how the activity would change if the squares were smaller. I explained this is like HDTV, that the smaller pixels allow for a more crisp image.

The culminating project raised the bar. Students went from the 80 squares of the black and white project to over 1,200 squares and full-color on a sheet of graph paper. We talked about making decisions about what they wanted to draw and how the drawings may successfully be adapted as a gridded image. Students will continue these project for a few more classes as they build their pictures with boxes. We worked in pencil to create the image, and students will add color with colored pencils. They are having fun being challenged to translate their ideas into the grid format.

[ladybuvelle]

The Rise and Fall of House Buvelle

Compared to other prominent noble houses in Demacia, the Buvelle family has only been in high standing and on the official counsel for a short time. They aren’t considered as old as, say, the Lightshields or Spiritmights, but they did come from one of the smaller countries that existed before Demacia became a singular nation. Though Demacia now has a more unified culture, different dialects still exist as a remnant of a different age; some passing for entirely different languages in their own right as Common has become the standard. The Buvelle family isn’t the last to know their specific language, though much of it has been reduced to terminologies or phrases; words that have been adapted to the Common language, or words that that stand on their own such as names of things (ex. certain foods, musical terminology, armor/weapon types, etc.)

In the time following the devastation of the Rune Wars, Demacia became especially wary of the countries beyond its borders. The kingdom became progressively more insular, and there was a gradual shift to becoming a fully self-sufficient nation of people. Citizens were encouraged to live within their means, and for a time this put the nation to work and gave greater balance between the social and financial classes. This also gradually discouraged trade with other countries (mostly with the poor, as it was a point of personal honor to provide for yourself rather than relying on others - or at least buy locally from your neighbor). In its way this created a new market; if people were only willing to invest in themselves and their Kingdom directly, then someone within the Kingdom had to provide.

Without regular trade, luxury or exotic items were extremely hard to come by. Not impossible, but certainly not something the everyman would have or even have seen. The first Buvelles changed this. Carmelo Buvelle is the first recorded barer of the name and had originally been a stonecarver before an accident that broke one of his legs left him unable to continue working on the large sculptures that the crown would commission him and the other artists he worked with. His sons could still provide for he and his wife, but Carmelo’s hands still worked and he couldn’t keep still for very long. He began carving miniatures of all sorts of things he’d seen during his time traveling as a teenager before coming home to settle down; small animals, little foreign houses, flowers, anything that could be committed to the stone he worked with. He would sometimes gift them to family and friends, and in turn their friends and family would see the pieces, which lead to him being approached for personal commissions. Suddenly Carmelo had work again, and he dove into it eagerly.

More rapidly than anyone had expected, the Buvelle family became known for various crafts; beyond stonecarving there were daughters who became favored weavers, sons who became skilled jewelers, mothers and fathers down the line who took on sculpture and tailoring and painting and finer and finer arts still. Most became teachers at some point in their lives, helping usher in a cultural revolution within the main city of Demacia. Much of Demacia’s impressive architecture and massive structures of marble owe themselves in some way to the Buvelle family’s influence, either directly or indirectly through students.

In about three generations’ time the Buvelle family had gone from lower-middle class to nobility. Because most of their work took place in forges or at direct worksites and workshops, the land they purchased within the city for the family mansion was much smaller by comparison to other noble houses - whose homes, lands, stables, and various other personally owned structures could span many acres. The only significant parts of the manse were the large garden and woodland area that stretched out behind it, and a spacious cellar for storing wines, cheeses, and other aged foodstuffs. The rest of the home had rooms dedicated purely for display of their family’s greatest personal works, or the work of students and associates.

Things weren’t perfect, of course. Older Demacian families, though too proud to even admit to having too much pride, didn’t exactly favor their new neighbors. The Buvelles wore fine clothes and did excellent work, but their mannerisms and formal education spoke of a more common lifestyle. They were highly gregarious and outspoken, hosting wild parties that were more like a good tavern romp than an elegant affair. Their women were fiercely independent and vivacious yet chaste before marriage - which gave plenty of would-be paramours who thought them loose town girls bitter reasons to call them whores behind their backs when they were spurned. Even if the Buvelles hadn’t done anything especially wrong in the eyes of the law (except perhaps drinking a bit too much wine some nights), socially they were unaccepted by their peers; even if those same people would happily commission them for their next portrait or furniture set.

The next few generations certainly felt the social ire of their neighbors and did their best to change that. Children born since then were given full and proper educations; they could read, write, do math and geometry, history and philosophy, and many began to practice other kinds of arts. Michela Buvelle in particular was considered a musical prodigy. She was said to sing, dance, and play various instruments with more fluency than most people could speak their mother language, but her true interest was musical theory and its relation to math. She wrote many, many books and general studies on the subject of musical structure, giving terminology to concepts and styles in her family’s dialect; things such as forte, allegrissimo, staccato, arpeggio, and so on. Her work was so prolific that her musical ‘formulas’ and terminology rapidly became the standard for anyone that studied music in Demacia, and even Piltover since she had moved there to study advanced mathematics. Records show she never returned to Demacia before her passing, but she had all of her personal diaries carted home to her family after she did.

While things were gradually improving for the Buvelles, with older members dying out and newer generations becoming more familiar and comfortable with each other over time. Old habits and feuds took longer to die, but soon there would be more pressing concerns; Demacia was at war with Noxus, and a draft had been initiated. All citizens were expected to serve time in the military at some point in their lives, though Demacia’s standing army itself is a highly disciplined force beyond its ‘temporary’ citizen soldiers. Noxus’s armies are generally far less trained, but they make up for it in sheer numbers and brutality. Many lives were lost during one clash or another, and soon even members of the nobility were asked to step forward and give their lives for their King and country. For many Houses this was something they could accommodate well enough; the Crownguards, Spiritmights, Vaynes, Laurents, and more all took pride in their sons and daughters who already had combat and arms training or who already served in the military. The Buvelle family, however, was a family of craftsmen, not knights. While one or two had found their way into the army, many chose to devote their time to study and craftsmanship instead. So when the draft hit House Buvelle, the result was devastating.

Because of their unfavorable standing for several generations, and perhaps ‘bad luck’ on the part of having too many daughters and not enough sons, many Buvelle women remained life-long singlewomen and old maids until their deaths while others would take a much lower social position just to marry - which also meant taking their husband’s name, relinquishing the title of Buvelle outright and in some cases purposefully never mentioning they were a Buvelle to anyone after marriage (for fear of social stigma at the time if the bride was looking to escape her family’s embarrassing shadow). All this meant that the remaining Buvelle family members at this point in history were small to begin with. When the draft hit it dwindled them down even further. Many died thanks to lack of training and experience, or the sheer brutality of the Noxian forces.

By the time the battles ended, the few remaining members were either married into other families (and no longer baring the name, or wishing association) or left lame due to injury. House Buvelle proper, at its final stages, was comprised of Lestara Buvelle and her father and mother. Her father, Sergio Buvelle, had been the only one to return from the war thanks to a grave injury to his lower extremities - one that left him unable to produce any further heirs. He died not long after that, suffering from severe depression, PTSD, and alcoholism to the point of self destruction. His wife, Nella, followed soon after. It had been said she was a very fragile woman, and Sergio had left such destruction in his wake for their family reputation that Nella’s heart just couldn’t take it.

Lestara remaining and grew to be an extremely formidable woman despite her otherwise lonely circumstance. Her entire family’s fortune was hers to use as she wished, and she took to collecting and traveling and studying whatever she could get her hands on. She indulged in every fantasy she could think of in the ways of the material, and took a special interest in rare artefacts of forgotten ages. Reading through Michela Buvelle’s old memoirs and private notes, she came upon a several page documentation of something referred to as an “etwahl”; a magical instrument said to have been constructed long, long ago. Possibly even before the Rune Wars of old. This instrument, when played, could stir the hearts of men in seemingly miraculous ways, pushing them beyond their normal, physical limits or bestowing such mental, physical, and spiritual calm that it could only be likened to enlightenment.

In a serendipitous turn of fate, Lestara was made aware of information on a strange instrument belonging to a young girl in some backwater Ionian orphanage. The document had stated that the instrument could only be properly wielded by the one it was bound to, so if she wanted the instrument then she would also have to adopt the girl - which she happily accepted, and in time grew to love as a daughter. Unfortunately, it made no mention that the Etwahl could also be used as a weapon of destruction; only less than three years after adopting Sona, bringing her home, teaching her all she could, taking her on tour, and Lestara was killed in an accident where the Etwahl reacted to Sona’s uncontrolled emotions.

The Buvelle family bloodline died with her, though Sona Buvelle now remains its sole adopted heir. By law she has inherited the Buvelle family fortune and estate and her place as Head of House Buvelle on the Demacian Council. But due to a number of factors (her disability, her previous ‘criminal’ reputation that the council is aware of, and a lingering dislike of the Buvelle family and Lestara in particular, being a foreigner, and her generally meek attitude when surrounded by such powerful authority figures) Sona doesn’t play a very active role during meetings, if she even attends at all. Of the people on the Council she is also the only non-native and most unfamiliar with the finer intricacies of the Measured Tread and the general law, nor does she have the will or means to play social politics. (She’s read the Measured Tread, of course, but retaining such a ‘boring’ read is another story.)

To the common or middle-class citizen, Sona is quite beloved for her grace, charity and kindness. Even a good number of the nobility see her at least somewhat favorably as a performer and many are die-hard fans of her music and ability to instill calm. But there are some who haven’t forgotten the Buvelles of the past, or who still hold personal grudges against Lestara in particular (she always spoke her mind, and was particularly outspoken about social equality between the sexes - which ruffled more than a few feathers). And with Sona being unable to speak freely in defense of herself, it’s difficult to sway people to her favor. Without directly manipulating them with her music, that is. And she refuses to do so.

And while the cause of Lestara Buvelle’s death isn’t general public knowledge, previous maids did witness her body and Sona beside her, cradling her and crying with the Etwahl close and bloody. There are plenty of wild rumors about it that most people choose to ignore because “she’s such a nice, quiet girl!”. With her more recent self-defense killing that opinion may begin to change...

[brandenparrish9-blog]

Bitcoin Congestion Singularity May be Coming

Perhaps 1,500 cryptocurrencies aren't enough to drive the price of bitcoin down to zero. The actual fact is, regardless of what many would in any other case wish in the treasured metals area, Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies stole gold and silvers lunch last yr. This year we have additionally seen some necessary report coming from the SEC that has already began to shape the ICO panorama. They don't have any fixed quantity - and thus they will never BE A Store OF Worth. So if Bitcoin Unlimited forks and tries attacking the Bitcoin Core side of the fork, it is likely we are going to find yourself with a PoW change fork and the unchanged, SHA256 fork. This was even confirmed on the BTC Guild, the highest supply for stats for all issues Bitcoin. People buying something that appears to have even the most tenuous connection to bitcoin? How about even easy issues like when Facebook or Twitter adjustments the person interface? + and that's once i started to consider it seems like a price steal. Whether you're new to this entire trading sport, or in case you have some expertise trading traditional markets however feel like crypto "is a completely completely different animal", this publish is for you!

It may have moved or doesn't exist. In case you could have a true larger-data switch price web site, be certain you remember of the principles and prices that your host might presumably impose. Despite the steadily falling price of Bitcoin discovery, the interest in Bitcoin news continues. While China was reported to have banned some its largest Bitcoin buying and selling operators, nations such because the USA and Canada have legal guidelines in place to limit inventory commerce in cryptocurrency. The issue with such an enterprise is precisely the issue confronted by international locations that try to peg their foreign money unilaterally to some other currency. The Federal Put aside Financial institutions deliver New cryptocurrency release international forex in the US Treasury Area. Resistance is within the 1.60/70s. A break of this week's low will carry the all-vital area around zero.87 into focus. Within this period, Litecoin has registered 4 worth reversals and looks set to interrupt out of the range. Nevertheless, if all of this was tackled correctly, we may see a couple of attention-grabbing issues come out of it. It is certain that these coins can acquire significance and worth in the recent years by which the income that can be gained out of it may also be elevated.

Initially, most individuals imagine the value of their digital currencies goes to continue to increase. 3,000 individuals from 6 countries, together with 500 Indians, have answered questions tailored to determine their angle towards bitcoin and its alternatives. Coinbase fears its own employees could have exploited its move into Bitcoin Cash - a spin-off of the unique Bitcoin. This lowered attractiveness could also be de facto compensated by the fork if the BCH miners decide it is a smart thought. After assigning over 5 barrels of crude oil to back the brand new currency, Maduro ordered the problem of the first a hundred million petros as well as organized a gathering of miners. Customers of Centra Card shall be ready to buy at over 36 million areas worldwide and securely carry and withdraw cash on the go. It has been developed with a view to decrease the cost of money payment by Credit score Playing cards, PayPal and other traditional banking techniques.

In ethereum, they're calculated based mostly on the amount of blockchain operations used, multiplied by the worth the consumer is prepared to pay per gas unit (the interior pricing for operating a transaction or contract on ethereum). Every time someone clicks in your article as I've mentioned, you get a small amount. In 2020 or so, the reward dimension can be halved once more to 6.25 BTC. If we set a block size to any arbitrary restrict, we in all probability will reach it sooner quite than later as Bitcoin adoption picks up. BitKan is a very handy application for the bitcoin neighborhood. The last unfortunate aftermath of the scaling debate has been the decisive split of the Bitcoin group. Simply because to-date no one cracked the code to alter Bitcoin mid-stream or drain blockchain-held info doesn't mean that sooner or later such a code cannot be written. Equity is a one person transaction.

With out it, a person both stays in hell or purgatory. The inspection was supposed to finish on January eleven however the authorities determined to increase it to January sixteen. Following the extension announcement, banks turned reluctant to implement the true-title system as mandated by the cryptocurrency regulation. $1,000 to spend. Saving in a checking account, nevertheless, continues to be thought-about a significant option - almost a quarter of these asked (24%) admitted they might entrust their cash to the traditional monetary system. Digital money consists of data encoded electronically as bits. An entire New Asset Class? The facts and of course the greatest driving drive that propels the markets forward, greed, are going to ensure this. We are in the third massive wave of the Web. This infuriated Khawaja Asif, who is an everyday web user and steadily tweets from his private account. $28 tln world retail trade is quickly to be disrupted by Blockchain based startups engaged on creating a smarter, safer and more rewarding approach to buy. Creating extra debt OR elevating interest charges Both will create a negative math scenario beyond the brief run. [For a comparability of the rates of return on stocks vs. InvestmentsInsurance Towards Loses in Stocks?

[sherlynmetz2962-blog]

Ways to Talk with A Child About A Parent's Addiction

Exactly what are some usual FIFTY FIFTY little one custodianship routines, arrangements or parenting strategies? Last fall, Congress passed government legislation that cut over $21 billion in federal government assistances to finance companies in the Federal Household Education And Learning Lending Plan, providing the government-backed parent as well as pupil finances made with these third-party FFELP finance companies generally unlucrative. Without limiting the prior, no endorsement to, or acknowledgment from, an achievable breach or transgression of any sort of Arrangement or even Legislation in the Business Acknowledgment Character or the Parent Declaration Letter should be interpreted as an admission or even evidence that a breach or even offense exists or has really developed. This spilling over of bad emotions off dismayed moms and dad to child could possess begun years healthyproject.info prior to the breakup, to ensure that the little one is actually really listened to the dismayed moms and dad, and instantly and quickly absorbs their emotions and also standpoint. This comes in the form of recurring and also ahead of time returns coming from the banking company to the parent, as well as the continuing downsize from possessions at the parent that can now be actually originated at the banking company. However if you're a divorced singular moms and dad and you show your kid of the beautiful points that can occur in lifestyle, you speak positively of your ex lover as well as you show that partnerships along with the correct person may be absolutely fantastic, your kid possesses the chance to increase and also discover off you concerning affection in a favorable illumination. I am actually informing you to forgive him and you assume I don't recognize because I'm merely a silly man as well as I can not perhaps imagine how you think, recognizing you were actually handling little kids as well as making supper as well as being a wonderful wife while your spouse was actually satisfying his secretary at a hotels and resort. Or for a sure-to-be-appreciated modification of pace, get a gift certification for a pleasant local restaurant and also offer to baby-sit one evening to ensure Mother and father may get some quality time on their own ... and also see to it they go!

It greats that the traveller discovers how to enjoy or even adore Holland however the whole trait is actually paid attention to the visitor, as a moms and dad you learn really quickly that what is necessary is actually the experience, offering as well as enhancing the lifestyle for Holland or Italy, or even wherever life takes you. Therefore allows say a moms and dad enrols a kid in baby class along with 2 years these implies the child will definitely be actually beginning lesson 1 (1st grade) at 5 years, bear in mind before the child signs up in to First quality he/she is actually already being actually provided maths research.

[kyberspace]

History of Modern Mathematics

There is today a mistrust of mathematics, that either its abstract formal symbols - of endless variety in the attempt to encapsulate the notion of truth for a simple sentence - are meaningless or its numbers have no qualitative explanation and so have nothing to do with the common objects we encounter in everyday life.  

Math is either too common (as in numerals) or too extra-mundane with qualities given unique symbolic representation.  Where did this modern disjuncture between quality and quantity arise?  It appears that the qualitative aspects of quantities are the more interesting objects to mathematicians this last century and yet they these qualities show both properties of being  mundane ('continuous') and extra-mundane ('the pre-image of an open set is open').   Making ordinary qualitative concepts into quantifiable ones seems for the average person unnecessarily abstract yet for the mathematician at work, extremely difficult and delicate labor.  Is mathematics no more than precise definitions where 'quantity' means nothing more than an orderable set of definitions?  

Certainly the axiomatic turn from Cantor (1874) would lend to this description since although Cantor describes numbers in his sets he cannot determine (count) what those numbers are.  Thus, we see a birth of precise ambiguity - one knows precisely what one cannot know.  Such limitations ('shaping') of systems of truth is carried forward by Godel's Incompleteness Theorem.   My argument in historical analysis is that the late 19th-century shift of mathematics to its modern form is not one of 'humility' per se, but one of describing novel systems of numeration, as one may even count the infinities of a set, as the degree of uncountability.  Simply, numbers can refer themselves to other systems of numbers rather than directly to empirical-synthetic objects '-in-the-world.'  Since the abstractions (numbers: methods of ordering objects) have become orderable, they have become objects, and hence the notion of set rises beyond 'things' to 'orders of things.'  One may see here a certain relativism as subjective methods of arranging things in question becomes a topic of mathematical analysis, as well as a real-basis to abstraction, as Marx refers to the process of Capital-production as 'real-abstraction' during this same time of Cantor's explorations into sets from classes.  When the ideas can be counted, and thus ordered, they can be valued monetarily as capital in their use among systems of other operating things.  One gains the idea of a thought-experiment as not only a valid form of science but also intellectual-capital as a valid form of economic production - what is real need not have a physical basis as long it can order real things.  

We arrive at modern mathematics' abstract definition of what is real: the ordering of things is real.  We find thus the capacity to define real objects without having to actually list them in a finite-temporal process, but merely by setting of an ordering of those real objecting that may itself extend to infinity, i.e. transcendental numbers defined as infinite sequential limits of numbers.  The 'reals' become an infinite sequence (ordering) of numberical quantities (i.e. quotient fields), a fixation upon ad infinum, for which the line-to-infinity (vector) as became a relic to a failing monotheism as the ray originated in triangular geometry of Ancient Egypt from Ra.  As if standing upon the soil of history, the modern thinker need not know the seeds of botony any longer, only techniques of harvest from centuries of reflection.  It seems in fact one may be a botonoist today without ever planting, but merely throught the reflection upon plants.  This preponderance of the meta over the physical, and in fact a certain prioritization in the determination of reality, is the character of modern thought that looks upon its own history such as to know itself not though the elemental basis (axioms) but through how they are interconnected and put togehter (forcing of an axiom).  It would seem in a strict moral-political relativism emerging from this mode of thinking that it no longer matters what one presupposes as long as one takes it to the logical conclusion: 'given X & Y, Z follows.'  Are we in an age of the hypothesis? If we follow a strictly mathematical-logical interpretation of truth we have bracketted all empirical-synthetic truths within an anlytical framework that assumes priority as the premise and conclusion of the scientific investigation.  What matters is not the underlying truth but how we get from one truth to another: meta-truths.  Such is the scientific relativism we find ourselves in.  And yet, we are left to mundane methods of common sense in order to infer the base truths, as the correctness of pre-supposing one axiom over its converse.  Our most advanced techniques seem to leave us at the whims of the least developed sense of judgement: the practical will is not excluded from the highest of theoretical wills.  Such a seeminary 'arbitrary' nature led me away from the quantitative nature of mathematics to its qualitative one.

Let us consider the axiom of choice: from an uncountable set one may order elements arbitrarily.  The instrumentality of modernity arising from the perceived all-encompasing orderability of things (Max Weber's 'instrucmental-rationality')  is fixated upon the forcing of the choice - "1 chooses the order."  Such corresponds to Descartes' cogito sum as the act of choosing, however arbitrary, as concerning the infinitesimal of subjectivity, obtains an order upon the universe, rather than the converse.  Such a gravity to the act of subjective choice is raised at the same time as Cantor by Nietzsche as 'Being itself' is by the 'will to power' in that subjectivity crosses the domain from imagination to reality by its own arbitrary choice, will, and the order arises not naturally but by the choice itself, placing the seeming objectivity of the ancient numerals within the 'whim' of the subject: arbitration.  We find arbitration in both the judicial sense of arbitrating upon an issue of common concern - nuetrality - and in the arbitrary nature of the will - nihilism - without ground or purpose.  In the epsilon-delta definition of a limit in Calculus we find the 'vanishing elements' are said to be 'arbitrarily small' as to compute a derivate.  Thus, to reframe the axiom of choice, the arbitrarily small is countable: order emerges from arbitration.  The nature of a choice is its ordering out of chaos: transcendence.  And still, the size of all possible orders is uncountable; thus to chaos the order returns.

The transcendental philosophy of Edmund Husserl - a colleague of Hilbert at Gottingen - at the turn of century embraces this qualitative ambiguity at the base of quantity, without which the meaning of the ordering has been lost.  His rejection of modern science in the turn to phenomenology (The Crisis) considers this ambiguious realm of ordinary consciousness to be the base of theoretical reflection as thus the arbitrary flux of an uncountable realism is the substance of conceptual systems counted out to scientific precision.  The profanity of such a philosophic position is seen in comparison between the mundane and the evil as two parallel categories of existence preserved in continuity between the Medieval and Romantic intellectual eras.  The phenomena is all that is, and yet it only appears, such as a seem one way or another, thus always hiding its underlying reality:  "To the phenomena" his students said, rather than "to the things themselves" as the NeoKantians said.  

As long as modern mathematics seeks to be exact it will have to avoid the underlying arbitrary objects, that is the axioms in presupposition ('super-position'), and so the common phenomena of the world.  Yet, however difficult to arrange in quantifiable orders, it is these ordinary objects of daily linguistic life that are the substance of mathematical thought - experience is real from which its reality may be definitively examined.  How else to know the underlying reality without arranging the phenomena in question within orderable relationships of interconnection, and yet when lowered the mundane thoughts of daily existence, the purity and exactitude of mathematics is lost:  If a number can assigned to any object, what meaning can it have?  And yet number theory has not gone away, as every word/phrase in common use has an exact number of its minimally-sized numberical encryption.  The numbers themselves are the mystery of the world and behind the seeming trivial details of ordinary life lie complex numerical relations.  The uncertainty of the phenomena of experience belies its hidden order, as Ontology has always said, and for Heidegger - Husserl's student - the nature of a thing is not its particular Herderian uniqueness, but its statement of the truth of all things (Being) within its singular unique reality: the the particular come the universals.  Such is the statement of programmatic research in number theory today: rather than the presupposition of the real numbers, the identification of the form of real numbers.  The highest peak of mathematics today is to explain the infinitely relational numbers (transcendentals) within finitely pure abstract concepts, such a secular religion without question, and still more, to explain the constants in the physical invariance through the infinite leaps of pure numerical thought: what quality underlies certain quantities?

In the data age it seems we need not know the content of linguistic utterances, only their numerical relationship of co-occurrence with other utterances, as the correlative meaning of probabilistic methods of artificial intelligence.  Such is the crisis of the sciences heralded by Husserl.  The ambiguity of 'what is said' in talk is erased for its formality.  Such nihilism in the oppression of American capitalistic politics is the complete neutrality of language in the effort to have the state of justice as fairness emanate directly from language, so much as it has been levelled out of its ambiguous non-orderability par ordinary communication.  If what is really said cannot be ordered within delicate computational machines, it cannot be aggregated as public opinion and thus certainly not make its way into the formal domain of language-as-force, that is, Law.  The true Categories of nature died with St. Augustine's God and so natural law fell from the social objectivity to the peripheries of science, only to be relativised again by Einstein and thrown into uncertainty by the wave-equations of Heisenberg.  And yet, if not the categories themselves, the (Harvard) school of applied/pure mathematics has since the 1980s abandoned topological questions to the helm of category theory.  If not the categories in its plural then at least the form of categories in general.  Again, mathematics drifts from substance to form and so we see this turn in all types of Law to 'trend' or 'approximations' and route-formalism at its worst.  Where has pluralities for plurality's sake gone?

As a Husserlian turn within the functional tradition of social science (i.e. Parsons), the functional nature of the state is rejected by Habermas in so much as it is decoupled from the lifeworld (libenwelt) of phenomenological understanding.  The system of social action is the set of orderable categories of action and locally as classes of commercial action-assets.  Such functionalism of action is made through the ordering.  Yet, from where do these functions originate?  As the liberal-democrats say, 'who determines those functions?'  If the ambiguity of non-orderable precision is to be erased for the exactitude of ordered action towards socially-interested goals, should not distributions be given to the many who have lost their difference?  As in any democracy sensitive to its populism, the law in all its legitimacy cannot be separate from the ambiguity of the underlying opinions composing its body-politic.  The question of functional oppression hinges upon the choice: have degrees of freedom been given?  

Since the 1970s the ubiguity of computational power has created the field of Numerical Analysis, how to bound the errors of sequential approximations of manifolding temporal processes in measurement.   If one finds an error to tend to zero - annihilating ambiguty - the limit of the infinite process is the underlying characteristic.  Thus, larger computational times required is oppositely counteracted with smaller errors such as to approach the truth of an action in question.  Yet, if we are to speak about measuring the meaning in langauge as the plural nature of subjective personhood then we are speaking about increasing errors and computing over more persons, thus with more complicated processes of computation.  How are the limits of law to be found in a modern computational democratic-financial system without sacrificing the degrees of freedom in choice?  Such a balance between worse options - state dispersion risking violence between opposing states and the reduction of freedoms in computational socialism - is the work of Political Analysis today, a branch of Numerical Analysis, where one considers specifically the affine plane with large dimensions to underlying varieties as the plural nature of composition.  Such an informatic science must describe the mimetic relationship of error within self-limitation: 'how does the epsilon go to zero?' as thus to understand the dialectic between a loss in freedom and a certainty of existence, a natural exhibition of biological life in its pure dynamics of connectedness. These epsilon-delta (affine) spaces of error configuration are an annihilative ambiguity whose null character gives the corresponding self-limitative law of a population that arbitrates all matters of violence as the reconciliation between conflicting choices by its own negation of choice: one renounces choice in joining a group-ring.

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Origami is a years-old practice that many of us did as children—learning how to create folded paper boxes and cranes. But there’s much more to this craft than a child’s past time. This artistic tradition is being used by contemporary artists who are continually pushing the boundaries of what’s possible with paper.

So, just what is the history of origami and who are these artists using the craft to create cutting edge origami artwork? A compound word, origami is formed from the Japanese words for fold (ori) and paper (kami). It’s not entirely clear when origami was invented, but in the 6th-century, paper was brought to Japan by Buddhist monks, and with that came folding. At the time, paper was a luxury commodity, and origami was sometimes used during Shinto ceremonies.

However, the development of origami was not limited to Asia. Independently, paper folding was also developing in Spain due to the influence of the Arabic community in the 12th century. Using folded paper to express geometric forms, these roots developed into the popular Spanish art form of papiroflexia.

Modern origami owes much to a singular figure who revolutionized the artform. Akira Yoshizawa was a grandmaster of origami whose book of new models, published in the 1950s, changed the way people practiced the craft. His standard set of models and diagrams are still used today and international exhibitions of his work helped bring origami to new audiences. He also pioneered the wet-fold technique, a now popular method where paper is slightly dampened. The result is origami that retains a more sculptural appearance.

As we look toward the artists who are pioneering the art today, a constant thread is that many have backgrounds in mathematics and science. How does origami relate to math? In reality, paper folding is often used to solve mathematic equations and devise geometric constructions. Origami artists are constantly looking to develop new crease patterns and different shapes from a square piece of paper. These patterns and models are fiercely protected by artists, with lawsuits not uncommon for copyright infringement.

Now that you know a bit more about origami, let’s look at cutting-edge artists who are taking paper folding to new heights.

These cutting-edge origami artists will make sure you never see a piece of paper the same way again.

Sipho Mabona

READ MORE: Origami Artist Creates Life-Sized Elephant From One Piece of Paper

READ MORE: Swarm of Locusts Made of Money

Sipho Mabona started his adventures in origami as many of us did—by folding a paper airplane. Since that time, the Swiss and South African artist has become a leader in the field. Whether sculpting life-sized animals or using money to create installations that speak on social issues, Mabona produces thought-provoking work.

  Robert J. Lang

Robert J. Lang left his job as a laser physicist to pursue his 30-year origami hobby. Today he is one of the most esteemed artists in the field, using mathematics to develop innovative models. He’s used his knowledge to collaborate with scientists and engineers, using his understanding of folding techniques in airbag software, medical devices, and telescope optics.

  Goran Konjevod

Croatian mathematician and computer scientist Goran Konjevod has produced delicate folded sculptures since pursuing origami as art in 2005. Abstract shapes formed from irregular patterns, his layered work relies on natural tension found in the paper.

  Erik and Martin Demaine

Erik Demaine, a professor at MIT, works with his artist father Martin Demaine on lush, curving folded paper sculptures. Collectively, their work is known as Curved-Crease Sculpture. They manipulate flat paper into swirling forms that “feel alive.” With his work at MIT, Erik Demaine explores origami applications in architecture, robotics, and molecular biology.

  Jeannine Mosley

Image via IFF

Jeannine Mosley, who received her Ph.D. from MIT, turned to unconventional materials for her origami—business cards. She is best known for her business card Menger Sponge, a mathematical fractal created by continually dividing each face of a cube into nine squares and removing the resulting smaller cube in the middle of each face and the center of the original cube. Over the course of 11 years, Mosley created a “level three” Menger Sponge from 66,000 business cards. Subsequently, she completed similar fractals such as the Mosely Snowflake Sponge.

  Hoang Tien Quyet

READ MORE: Origami Artist Creates Charming Animals with Unique Wet Folding Technique

Hoang Tien Quyet carries on Akira Yoshizawa’s wet folding technique with his art. The Vietnamese artist focuses on sculpted animals, made all the more realistic through the detailed folding that the origami technique allows for. Quyet is a member of the Vietnam Origami Group along with Giang Dinh, who first introduced him to the wet fold method.

  Giang Dinh

Vietnamese artist Giang Dinh‘s origami is known for its clean, crisp lines and delicate forms. His soft folds move like waves, curving to create spectacular shapes. By primarily using white paper, Dinh allows viewers to take in his tranquil origami sculptures.

  Byriah Loper

READ MORE: Interlocking Origami Stars and Prisms by Byriah Loper

Paper artist Byriah Loper is relatively young compared to his peers, at just 21. His interlocking, geometric origami takes influence from masters like Tom Hull. In between college classes, Loper creates original origami designs and patterns, most of which are formed from interlocking geometric shapes.

  Installation artists often use the power of paper folding to enhance their work, using it in scale for impressive results.

Mademoiselle Maurice

READ MORE: Paper Origami Rainbows Along the Streets of Paris

READ MORE: More Rainbow Origami Installations by Mademoiselle Maurice

French street artist Mademoiselle Maurice employs simple origami shapes in large quantities for unique public installations. In 2016, she led a series of workshops with patients at the Ain psychotherapy center, which allowed patients and medical staff to assist her in folding paper that was then used to decorate a chapel.

  Jacqui Symons

READ MORE: A Beautiful Rainbow Wave of Paper Origami

Artist and designer Jacqui Symons has used origami to great effect in creating large, immersive installations. As her work focuses on the influence of multiples and repetition, origami is the perfect method to work in scale. Whether creating a wave from 2,500 folded paper boxes or suspending 5,000 origami fish to celebrate the Chinese New Year, Symons is a master of manipulating paper for maximum impact.

  James Roper

READ MORE: Beautifully Displaying 10,000 Origami Flowers

Manchester-based artist James Roper folded 10,000 origami flowers in an installation inspired by the Japanese tradition of folding 1,000 paper cranes in order to be granted a wish. Also attracted by the idea of work made of multiples, he spent three years folding flowers himself in order to complete this personal challenge.

The post 11 Cutting-Edge Origami Artists Who Are Masters of Paper Folding appeared first on My Modern Met.

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CSIR UGC NET Application 2017

COMMON SYLLABUS FOR PART ‘B’ PLUS ‘C’ MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES DEVICE - 1 Analysis: Primary set theory, finite, countable and uncountable sets, True number system as the complete ordered field, Archimedean property, supremum, infimum. admission.scholarshipbag.com Sequences and series, convergence, limsup, liminf. Bolzano Weierstrass theorem, Heine Borel theorem. Continuity, uniform continuity, differentiability, indicate value theorem. Sequences plus a number of functions, homogeneous convergence. Riemann sums plus Riemann integral, Improper Integrals. Monotonic functions, types associated with discontinuity, functions of bounded variation, Lebesgue measure, Lebesgue integral. Functions of various variables, directional derivative, partially derivative, derivative as being a geradlinig transformation, inverse and implied function theorems. Metric areas, compactness, connectedness. Normed geradlinig Spaces. Spaces of constant functions as examples. Geradlinig Algebra: Vector spaces, subspaces, linear dependence, basis, aspect, algebra of linear changes. Algebra of matrices, position and determinant of matrices, linear equations. Eigenvalues plus eigenvectors, Cayley-Hamilton theorem. Matrix representation of linear changes. Change of basis, canonical forms, diagonal forms, triangular forms, Jordan forms. Internal product spaces, orthonormal base. Quadratic forms, reduction plus classification of quadratic types UNIT - two Complicated Analysis: Algebra of complicated numbers, the complex aircraft, polynomials, power series, transcendental functions such as rapid, trigonometric and hyperbolic features. Analytic functions, Cauchy-Riemann equations. Contour integral, Cauchy’s theorem, Cauchy’s integral formula, Liouville’s theorem, Maximum modulus rule, Schwarz lemma, Open umschlüsselung theorem. Taylor series, Laurent series, calculus of residues. Conformal mappings, Mobius changes. Algebra: Permutations, combinations, pigeon-hole principle, inclusion-exclusion principle, derangements. Fundamental theorem of math, divisibility in Z, congruences, Chinese Remainder Theorem, Euler’s Ø- function, primitive origins. Groups, subgroups, normal subgroups, quotient groups, homomorphisms, cyclic groups, permutation groups, Cayley’s theorem, class equations, Sylow theorems. Rings, ideals, excellent and maximal ideals, quotient rings, unique factorization site, principal ideal domain, Euclidean domain. Polynomial rings plus irreducibility criteria. Fields, limited fields, field extensions, Galois Theory. Topology: basis, thick sets, subspace and item topology, separation axioms, connectedness and compactness. UNIT -- 3 Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs): Existence and originality of solutions of preliminary value problems for initial order ordinary differential equations, singular solutions of initial order ODEs, a system associated with first order ODEs. The common theory of homogenous plus nonhomogeneous linear ODEs, deviation of parameters, Sturm-Liouville border value problem, Green’s functionality. Partial Differential Equations (PDEs): Lagrange and Charpit strategies for solving first purchase PDEs, Cauchy problem intended for first order PDEs. Category of second order PDEs, General solution of increased order PDEs with continuous coefficients, Method of splitting up of variables for Laplace, Heat and Wave equations. Numerical Analysis: Numerical options of algebraic equations, Technique of iteration and Newton-Raphson method, Rate of convergence, Solution of systems associated with linear algebraic equations making use of Gauss elimination and Gauss-Seidel methods, Finite differences, Lagrange, Hermite and spline interpolation, Numerical differentiation and incorporation, Numerical solutions of ODEs using Picard, Euler, customised Euler andRunge-Kutta methods. Calculus of Variations: A variety associated with a functional, Euler-Lagrange formula, Necessary and sufficient situations for extreme. Variational strategies for boundary value troubles in ordinary and partially differential equations. Linear Essential Equations: The Linear integral formula of the first plus second kind of Fredholm and Volterra type, Options with separable kernels. Feature numbers and eigenfunctions, resolvent kernel. Classical Mechanics: General coordinates, Lagrange’s equations, Hamilton’s canonical equations, Hamilton’s rule and the principle of minimum action, Two-dimensional motion associated with rigid bodies, Euler’s dynamical equations for the movement of the rigid entire body about an axis, the concept of small oscillations. DEVICE - four Descriptive figures, exploratory data analysis Example space, discrete probability, 3rd party events, Bayes theorem. Unique variables and distribution features (univariate and multivariate); requirement and moments. Independent unique variables, marginal and conditional distributions. Characteristic functions. Possibility inequalities (Tchebyshef, Markov, Jensen). Modes of convergence weakened and strong laws associated with large numbers, Central Restrict theorems (i. i. g. case). Markov chains along with finite and countable condition space, classification of claims, limiting behaviour of n-step transition probabilities, stationary submission, Poisson and birth-and-death procedures. Standard discrete and constant univariate distributions. sampling distributions, standard errors and asymptotic distributions, distribution of purchase statistics and range. Strategies of estimation, properties associated with estimators, confidence intervals. Testing of hypotheses: most effective and uniformly most effective tests, likelihood ratio testing. Analysis of discrete information and chi-square test associated with goodness of fit. Big sample tests. Simple non-parametric tests for just one particular and two sample troubles, rank correlation and check for independence. Elementary Bayesian inference. Gauss-Markov models, estimability of parameters, best geradlinig unbiased estimators, confidence times, tests for linear ideas. Analysis of variance plus covariance. Fixed, random plus mixed effects models. Assured multiple linear regression. Primary regression diagnostics. Logistic regression. Multivariate normal distribution, Wishart distribution and their qualities. Distribution of quadratic types. Inference for parameters, partially and multiple correlation coefficients and related tests. Information reduction techniques: Principle element analysis, Discriminant analysis, Bunch analysis, Canonical correlation. Easy random sampling, stratified sample and systematic sampling. Possibility proportional to size sample. Ratio and regression strategies. Completely randomised designs, randomised block designs and Latin-square designs. Connectedness and orthogonality of block designs, BIBD. 2K factorial experiments: confounding and construction. Hazard functionality and failure rates, censoring and life testing, collection and parallel systems. Geradlinig programming problem, simple strategies, duality. Elementary queuing plus inventory models. Steady-state options of Markovian queuing versions: M/M/1, M/M/1 with restricted waiting space, M/M/C, M/M/C with the limited waiting area, M/G/1. All students are usually required to answer queries from Unit I. College students in mathematics are anticipated to answer an additional query from Unit II plus III. Students with within statistics are required in order to answer the additional question through Unit IV.