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docholligay · 4 years ago

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Chinese Food in The American West

One of the things I frequently come across as a student of the American West* is that people get most of their information from movies and TV and then act like they know things. Wyatt Earp was not a Lawful Good champion who always did his level best even when it was hard to know. (You want Seth Bullock or Bass Reeves). Racism was far more complicated than white vs not white (I’ve talked about this EXTENSIVELY in Strange Empire, so I’m not going to bore you here**).

And they didn’t just eat steak. In fact, they rarely ate steak.

Steak as cowboy food isn’t INACCURATE, but it is MODERN. From about the early 1900s on, you had less and less drives and more and more ranchers who were staying put, with less and less hands needed, and so food was grabbed less “on the go.” Cows could be slaughtered and used to feed the family, allowing for more opportunities for things like steak, yes, but also things like chili, a play on sauerbraten, southern-style biscuits. The cattle drives were a real blend of culture and race, and a lot of what we have left as “Western food” owes a great deal to that.

And if we leave the cattle drives and head into the towns of the American West, as we will today, we find things like oysters, pies, and various things like that. Far more well-heeled than the general expectation.

I mean, here’s the menu from the Occidental Saloon circa the late 1880s:

Soups

Chicken Giblet and Consumme, with Egg

Fish

Columbia River Salmon, au Beurre Noir

Relieves

Filet a Boeuf, a la Financier

Leg of Lamb, Sauce, Oysters

Cold Meats

Loin of Beef, Loin of Ham, Loin of Pork, Westphalia Ham, Corned Beef, Imported Lunches

Boiled Meats

Leg of Mutton, Ribs of Beef, Corned Beef and Cabbage, Russian River Bacon

Entrees

Pinons a Poulett, aux Champignons

Cream Fricasse of Chicken, Asparagus Points

Lapine Domestique, a la Matire d'Hote

Casserole d'Ritz aux Oeufs, a la Chinoise

Ducks of Mutton, Braze, with Chipoluta Ragout

California Fresh Peach, a la Conde

Roasts

Loin of Beef, Loin of Mutton, Leg of Pork

Apple Sauce, Suckling Pig, with Jelly, Chicken Stuffed Veal

Pastry

Peach, Apple, Plum, and Custard Pies

English Plum Pudding, Hard Sauce, Lemon Flavor

This dinner will be served for 50 cents.

-I got this from the book “Saloons of the Old West” by Erdoes

But none of that is precisely why I’m here, I just can’t stop myself from talking about this, why I’m here is that one of the things I say that often surprises people, is that Chinese food was incredibly common for the, well, common man to eat. There’s very much a conception that we as a non-Chinese American people did not start eating Chinese food until the 40s and 50s, and its truer that it took longer to catch on in the American East than the West simply as a matter of proximity and choice.

Not MORE choice but LESS. Part of what made the West so unique, historically, is that the lack of choice and the basic scarcity caused people to work with and patronize people that their general prejudices would have kept them from using back east, because they had CHOICES. But out in the west, less so. There were few choices for a quick, cheap meal on the go. That dinner I just posted above is a lavish affair, and a great deal at approximately $20.00 in today’s money. (Which does not allow for the fact that cost of supplies has gone up and this dinner would most likely be offered for no less than 70 or so today.)

People desperately wanted something that was cheap and quick, and the other options in the American West were few, far between, and not intensely pleasing. No one had really come up with the sandwich shop as of yet, and in any case, fresh meats and cheeses would have been too difficult for the low-cost supplier.

ENTER THE CHINESE POPULATION.

If you have read my Strange Empire blogs, I hope you know that Chinese people were a huge presence in the American West, mostly working for the railroad and various mines, but also doing things like laundry, work that was extremely hard but took little in the way of English speaking. They existed in Chinatowns, for a combination of cultural and legal factors, but it’s a misconception that non-Chinese*** people never went to Chinatown.

People are not new, and it was not unusual for non-Chinese people to use the laundries, tailoring, and other services of Chinatowns while suppressing the rights of Chinese people int he same breath. There were always individual Chinese people any given non-Chinese person liked and did business with.

In time, they discovered the inherent wisdom of the noodle bowl.

I don’t mean to suggest that all these early restaurants served was noodle bowls, but that was where it all started. Remember, Italian food had little prominence in America at the this time, as Italian immigration didn’t really get into full swing until the 1870s in America. While there are noodle traditions half of everywhere, and there is nothing new under the sun, what we today would consider a stir-fry bowl was wildly new to most of the non-Chinese folks in the West. That it could be offered up so cheaply, was so filling, and so delicious (more on this later) was a wild revelation. Everyone from simple cowboys (which, fun fact! Was a slur back then!) to mayors were swinging by Chinatowns to try the dishes.

By the 1920s, chop suey, a fully Chinese American invention derived from the words for “various leftovers” was a hugely popular American food among all sorts.

Doc, you may ask, was it just that these folks coming through to get medicines or laundry were SO adventurous? Not at all! Chinese restaurants back then actually, in a very short amount of time, realized that their non-Chinese townsfolk were an excellent way to make money as well, and began to adapt and change dishes to better fit the Western palate, leading what we call American Chinese Food today, which is a legitimate foodway I will defend to my death. Unfortunately, none of these menus survive today--the only ones we have are from places in San Francisco, places that were much more posh, and not the subject of this essay.

There is a scene in Tombstone where Wyatt and his brothers are eating Chinese food, and it’s one of the things people often ask me about, assuming it’s anachronistic. Actually, it isn’t at all--the anachronism is that there’s broccoli in those noodle bowls, which had not yet hit our shores by the time of the OK Corral. Chinese food was a huge hit, Chinese restaurants were doing extremely well, and some Chinese restaurants were even beginning to attempt to print menus in English, with sit down areas, instead of serving simple fare from food carts.

As the food from these “chow chow houses” grew in popularity, as we can infer from the advertisements of their competitors promising free potatoes with every meal, and other such niceties to entice, there was, as ever there must be, blowback. Anti-Chinese sentiment grew to a fever pitch, and with this came overt pressure for ‘Good Americans” to patronize ‘American restaurants’. The social pressure is actually where we get some of that old racist jargon about Chinese people serving dogs and cats, which people often think was spread by competitors to degrade the Chinese restaurants, which isn’t UNTRUE, but was just as often said sheepishly by someone who couldn’t stop themselves from going and grabbing a noodle bowl or even the American dishes they offered, such as roast chicken or pork chop sandwiches.

(I won’t comment with anything but an eyeroll on the bullshit of people saying they’re ~allergic to MSG~ okay I’ll believe you when you stop eating processed food, meat, aged cheese)

It actually kept this type of reputation as being slightly scandalous well into the early 1900s, as being something you ate after the bar, something to be had in the shadows, but it was all for naught, because Chinese food became an important part of American identity. But for all that, no one ever pictures the Lone Ranger chowing down (the American phrase ‘chow’ for food actually comes from these ‘chow chow houses’) on some chop suey, but there’s every reason to believe he would have. American Chinese food is just as American as the Germanically-influenced hamburger.

(There’s a whole subtopic to go down about Jewish and Chinese communities and Kosher Chinese Food, two marginalized and othered communities coming together, but that’s a WHOLE other topic)

(Also someone please buy me Chinese food. This shit always makes me so hungry.)

*The American West is a specific time period, as far as the study of history goes. It covers the period between the end of the Civil War and the New Century, generally, and is, obviously, concerned with the western half of the country. It doesn’t cover stuff like Lewis and Clark (that’s Expansion) or even the Civil War itself, though you cannot possibly hope to study the American West in any level of seriousness without understanding the Civil War. Anyway! I know a lot about America between 1865 and 1900, and am just knowledgeable enough to be dangerous on everything else. Most History nerds are highly specified like this. We’re not as much help to your trivia team as you think.****

**I actually have had little chance to talk about ~European-style xenophobia~ as it played out in the west, because Strange Empire takes a more modern pass at it. But there was a hierarchy of “whiteness” as well, as still largely exists in Europe, land of intentionally clean ethnostates.

***I use the term “non-Chinese” instead of white because believe it or not, non-white people were not magically free of racism against Chinese people. It was horrific and BASICALLY every non-Chinese person was guilty of it to some level, a wild-ass level of hatred that led to Chinese folks not being able to PURCHASE PROPERTY BY LAW in ENTIRE STATES. Being Chinese or Native in this place and time was your Worst Bet.

****I actually was on a competitive trivia team, you DO want me.

#That was Oddly Specific #Holligay is 34: The celebration

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fencesandfrogs · 4 years ago

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gathering times.

part of my broader lore series.

i’m breaking from my usual lore narration style for a moment to discuss: how cats know when to gather (because it bothers me).

anyway, i haven't seen any other lore about this, so i'd like to say that explicitly, anyone is welcome to use this if they like it. if you want to use the folklore parts (e.g., the story in "full moon.") please credit me somehow, but otherwise idgaf. (a CC0-1.0 liscence, if you are a nerd. if you're not, it's what i just said.)

section one: tracking the moon

so i have this tiny lore thing where so the cats. track the moon as starclan adding claws to the moon and taking them away. so we have four claws to mess with:

no claws: new moon

one claw: waxing cresent

two claws: half moon

three claws: waxing gibbous

four claws: full moon

but cats usually count these in terms of one claw away from new/half/full, like how people used to call november 20th 10 days from december.

also, since only new and full moons matter for most cats, most cats wouldn't think about the waning moon. hence why it's described as starclan clawing at the moon, because they don't care about the precision.

this is also somewhat decoupled from the idea of a half/quarter moon as a unit of time: cats aren't using this to track time (e.g., one claw to three claws), just as a method of measuring where in the moon they are. i'm not sure if this makes sense, i guess it's kind of like saying "monday" tells you where in the week you are, and saying "third week" says where in the month you are, but you wouldn't say "from second week to fourth week," you'd say the dates or be more specific.

look, cats track time differntly. we're going to talk about when first and why second.

section two: full moons

The leaders discussed this, and they agreed. From then on, they would meet the night after the moon had all its claws, and there were no more debates about when the gathering would be.

(full moon.)

yeah so basically i was so angry that warrior cats act like the moon is either new, half, or full i wrote 1k words of folklore about why that is. that will either be published or publishing soon, so i'm not going to recap it.

basically, the full moon is considered to start when the moon is a whisker's length from full (basically, the first night you can't see that the moon hasn't finished), and that day is the holy day for clans who celebrate like that.

the next day is the gathering.

the third day is the medicine cats' half moon meeting (we're getting to them).

mind, i'm still doing a lot of handwaving here, but i do have a limit to how realistic i demand my fantasy cat novels be.

section three: half moons

There was no celebrations to be had on half moon, and the camp was mostly quiet. Moonrise was coming soon, and Dovepaw could see Willowshine and Mothwing climbing the rocks. Jayfeather greets them, doesn’t ask where she is.

(feathers take flight --- footprints)

so basically half moon is when a whisker could be laid straight on the moon. this is still kind of vague, but let's say starclan intervenes.

i honestly can't come up with a better explanation of how they all agree, so at least this is a definition. the half moon is such a vague term like.

anyway.

section four: new moons

“Won’t everyone be asleep?” she asks, and Willowshine’s eyes glitter.

“On the night of the sleeping moon? I hope they’re not done.”

Dovepaw doesn’t know what that means. But she enters the camp, still alive, apprentices sharing fish, flower petals scattered, and she almost does.

(feathers take flight --- footprints)

okay, this is the one that i think is hardest to tell is ambigious. because you might be thinking "new moon is when there is no moon" but this has the same problem as full moon.

luckily, only medicine cats gather on the new moon. so clans can celebrate whenever.

anyway, internet says people can see a moon at anywhere from 1% to 10% as illuminated, and cats have better night vision, and you get about 3 days in the 0% to 5% range, so i'm not really sure what to derive from this.

i mean there are cycles with a new moon and a 0% moon on either side.

anyway, i'm going to say that cats call it the new moon when it's 0% or new. the first day is always the new moon. we're also going to say their vision is good enough that there's no conflict.

(how is this different from the full moon? its a pyschology thing about complete/empty. a cup isn't empty unless there's nothing in it, but it can be full with not very much in it, even if you're holding out for a full cup. also, stop asking difficult questions. i cover this in "full moon." where the answer is basically the same as this one but with better lore.)

section five: medicine cats meet every half moon

“He’s right,” Willowshine says. “Mothwing made me a medicine cat on a second whisker night, and I swear the clan slept ‘til sunhigh.”

(feathers take flight --- riverbed)

so uhh i've never understood what it means that medicine cats meet for the half moon. in older books, it's called a half moon meeting, which implies that it doesn't occur on the new moon or the full moon. but in moth flight's vision i swear they say they'll meet every half moon which is an established unit of time in canon.

so. do they meet every quarter moon or every half moon.

i've gone with every quarter moon. why? the following:

it means i can let cats stay home now and then.

it makes more sense. if you know much about human medicine, rounds/grand rounds (which are a similar vibe with less religion) happen every day to every month, depending on the scale of the encounter. i think meeting every quarter moon makes more sense because they're constantly talking about getting advice from each other, and it would be so much easier to just have jayfeather ask for littlecloud's help at the next half moon meeting than running over, since that's what the point of the meeting is.

i want to.

anyway, new moons for clans and medicine cats can get desynched. kind of like geographic north/magnetic north, and human months vs the lunar cycle. it's not super common, but it does happen and no one really cares.

they meet on a second-whisker night for the full moon. that's basically, okay, in "full moon." i say

"No," said Briarleap. "But when the moon has all its claws, there is always a time where the moon is a whisker's length from fullness. We ought not to waste our energy gathering when the moon isn't full. So the clans must gather the moonrise after the last claw is returned."

and the understanding is, the "last claw" night briarleap is talking about is called "first-whisker night" that's the holy night.

first whisker is the night they meet. because it's supposed to be properly full but sometimes there's a whisker.

and second whisker is the next night, when medicine cats meet.

yes, that does mean any clans that celebrate the full moon have exhausted medicine cats near full moon. this is why meetings are every quarter moon. so they can stay home for a meeting without missing a major important time.

alright, i believe that's all i have for this. as a fun bonus, i have some consistent warrior/medicine cat training timelines.

The typical medicine cat training period is four seasons, although after the first two to three, they are usually alloted a good amount of autonomy.

...

There’s no vigil for medicine cats. They have trained for four seasons, seen the clan at its best and worst, and have already chosen to sacrifice much of a warrior life for the good of their clan. If Willowshine decides to make Dovepaw a full medicine cat, the clan will feast in her honor that night.

(feathers take flight --- riverbed)

the implication here is that warriors train for two seasons, which is why medicine cats are given more authority around then. in riverclan, that's when they move into the medicine cat's den, because their denmates are moving into the warriors den. not always, though:

“Am I going to be all alone when Troutpaw and Rushpaw and Mossypaw become warriors?” she asks. Dovepaw has never slept alone.

(Jayfeather, alone in his den.)

“I don’t think so,” Willowshine says. “They might stay in with you until Fernstream’s kits become apprentices, or you could sleep in the medicine den. You’re always welcome.”

(feathers take flight --- riverbed)

(fernstream is an invention bc riverclan doesn't have any queens they don't age it's a problem i need to redo their allegiances for FTF.)

anyway yeah that's a different story tho.

finally, take these cute words from mistystar to dovepaw:

“Then I make Dovepaw kin, and say she is born from River, as we all are. And I trust her training to Willowshine, and Starclan, to guide her paws.”

(feathers take flight --- riverbed)

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coolmedthingstoknow · 3 years ago

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Tuning the Immune System into a One Size Fits All Cancer Killing Solution

While immunotherapy has made incredible leaps in the past decade (watch the video here for a better background - note some proteins have interchangeable names), a reliable cure or treatment remains elusive today. However, exciting new research, published in the Nature Journal in March of last year, has revealed what looks like a possible one size fits all solution with the discovery of novel cancer targeting T-cell. These unconventional MAIT cells have a unique way of binding to the cell that does not use the normal HLA system with CD4 and C8, instead using a MHC – class 1 related protein MR1. This new way of interacting with the cell has been seen to have genes that are coded modularly. This type of protein assembly is not new and is seen within voltage gated potassium channels in the brain but allows the MR1 receptor to have a variation in the final structure. The variability opens the possibility for the protein to change what proteins it binds to and, as a result, change signaling.

Researchers at the Cardiff university school of medicine were able to identify one of these pathways that does not react to antigens from bacteria, but instead recognizes self-antigens resulting in a cytotoxic response to a wide variety of cancer cells. With their initial trials in vitro, the team was able to clone a certain T cell population that they saw react to cancer cells. The big thing being that these cancer cells were from a different donor with a unique HLA protein. When these cells were cloned and introduced to eight different types of cancer, a strong immune response was recorded within days for all samples.

Labeled MC.7.G5, the lab sought to find out how these new T cells operated. With Crisper-Cas9, a gene editing technology that uses the Cas9 protein to unravel and identify gene sequences in DNA, they discovered the MR1 protein to be the main point of interaction. To confirm this finding, they utilized CRISPR again to perform a “knockout mutation” which involved the Cas9 protein removing one base pair in the DNA to prevent the cell from making the MR1 protein. The result was the new T cell completely ignoring the cancer it once attacked. When moving in the opposite direction, MC.7.G5 produced an even stronger response which confirmed the importance of the interaction.

Unfortunately, the team could not completely lock down how exactly the interaction was happening. To get a picture of the structure of MR1, stains were introduced that would bind with and highlight certain structures in organic molecules. After staining failed, CRISPR was revisited and know mutations were inserted into the gene sequence to try to alter the protein. If there was a change in the immune response after one of these mutations, then the scientists would know they had changed the active site of the protein and could figure out where it was. However, even these mutations came up empty. The team could have just tried to crystalize the whole structure. Yet the crystallization process is incredibly difficult, and without even knowing what interactions are taking place, there was a risk the right protein could be missed entirely.

Unable to pinpoint the mechanism, the team moved on to focus more on possible interactions with healthy cells. If MC.7.G5 was attacked when a normal cell was inflamed or damaged, using it in humans could prove deadly to the patient. When placed into a mix of healthy, cancerous, and cancer cells with the MR1 protein removed, the new T cell still managed to kill more that 95% of the tumor with MR1 intact. To look at cells under stress, the tube was bathed with hydrogen peroxide – a chemical that is known to split cell membranes and kill cells. Damaged cells in these conditions were again ignored by the T cell. Furthermore, MC.7.G5 would not interact with non-cancerous cells even when healthy cells over expressed MR1. leading to believe that there is some specific property that is needed for an immune response tied to cancer. This could be the variability brought on by the modular structure of the protein. It could also be different co-stimulators or cytokines working to regulate activity.

What’s also so exciting about the new MR1 protein is its monomorphic properties. This means the protein does not change from human to human. Crisper sequencing also saw the presence of a Beta2M complex which forms combines with MR1 to stabilize and unify the presenting antigen making MR1 a very reliable pathway for this T cell to invoke a response. MR1 is so stable, that it’s detected cross species giving rise to questions that this protein could be an important evolutionary advantage and not just a random mutation. This discovery also clears the way for easy research and development for future treatments and allowed the researchers to test their newfound T cell in mice.

Leukemia was picked as the trial cancer in the test mice and survival was assessed by monitoring body weight. After the mice lost 15% of body weight, they were put down and their bone marrow was looked at. Two weeks after the cancer and novel T cells were introduced, the mice had a shockingly low percentage of cancerous cells while the control mice had tumors that had taken over most of their bone marrow. Unfortunately, even with low variability, the sample size of mice was very small. Nevertheless, the study was able to translate very promising results from the lab bench to an organism giving high hopes for future experiments.

It’s easy to get excited about what this means for future cancer treatments. The discovery of an immune cell that can selectively destroy a wide variety of tumors with great precision would erase the need for surgery, radiation or the need to tailor treatments bringing costs down. A cell like this could even be used in the development of a vaccine in the future. However, the work is far from over. The selectivity of the immune response to cancer cells suggests that there is a protein that helps to only identify the desired cells. Once the mechanism is mapped and the protein structure emerges, there is real potential that drugs could be developed to work without the need of a MC.7.G5. injection. An inorganic solution means cancer could one day be cured by an over-the-counter pressed pill prescribed over the phone. The cure for cancer, which seemed so out of reach just a couple years ago, now seems to be right around the corner. I personally can’t wait.

Original Paper

Crowther, Michael D., et al. “Author Correction: Genome-Wide CRISPR–cas9 Screening Reveals Ubiquitous T Cell Cancer Targeting via the Monomorphic MHC Class I-Related Protein MR1.” Nature Immunology, vol. 21, no. 6, 2020, pp. 695–695., https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-020-0640-6.

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eclecticanalyst · 4 years ago

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Studying “A Study in Emerald”: Sixth and Final Post

Additional Thoughts: The Doctor, The Myth, The Legend(s)

Remember way back in my first “Emerald” post, when I said that the bit about the detective’s shoulders was the first direct hint about the identities of our “heroes,” but with a little asterisk? Well, this final post brings us back to my caveat. Strictly speaking, the shoulder description is the second direct hint.

If you know your canon inside and out, have internalized the defining features of the characters in their original form, you should have been tipped off about the twist on the very first page of “Emerald,” even before the detective and the narrator move into Baker Street. Because this story doesn’t just weaponize the canon (though it does do that quite well, as I have explained in earlier posts). It weaponizes the myth of Sherlock Holmes—the way he and his associates have come to be known as exaggerated and slightly warped versions of how they are in the stories.

Watson is not a crack shot.

It’s more accurate to say, really, that Watson may or may not be a crack shot, but we never get that as a definitive aspect of his character in the canon. In the popular imagination, when Watson is not reduced to simply standing around asking Holmes to explain his deductions, he is positioned as the guy with the gun, the man of action to Holmes’s man of intellect—which is a faulty conception. If you actually read the stories, then you know that A) Holmes has a gun with him fairly often, although not quite as often as Watson does; B) Watson is more often found threatening someone with a revolver than actually firing it; and C) when Watson does fire his gun, often Holmes is right beside him also firing off a round. In both The Sign of the Four and The Hound of the Baskervilles, Watson and Holmes fire at a target together, and it’s never made clear whether one or both of the shots hit the intended target, so we have no indication of the two men’s comparative skill level with firearms. The only instance of Watson both firing and firing alone is in “The Adventure of the Copper Beeches,” where he runs up and shoots the dog that is mauling Mr. Rucastle. I imagine this takes some skill with a revolver, as he manages to shoot the dog and not shoot the man, but as it was at close range and the dog is on top of Mr. Rucastle, I believe (based on my extremely limited knowledge of firearms) all that this tells us is that he is competent when it comes to gunplay, not necessarily a crack shot. The reason the masses picture Watson as the gun-toting one is because A) Holmes is often requesting that Watson bring his revolver or asking if he has it, so the image of Watson with a revolver in hand has stuck with people; and B) Holmes so obviously brings the intellectual strength to the pair that it’s easy to assume that all Watson has to offer is physical skill to complement it.

Yet that dichotomy—Holmes is the brains, Watson is the brawn—is quite inaccurate, if you take a look at the original stories. Holmes brings a good deal of his own brawn to the pair: he boxes and fences and is strong enough to bend pokers with his bare hands. Watson, for his part, is quite intelligent—the fact that he is a Doctor of Medicine is often overlooked in terms of its significance. This aspect of his identity—something only achieved through years of study, which he makes plain to us at the very beginning of A Study in Scarlet—plays a much larger role throughout canon than his aim. See how many times Watson mentions helping someone recover from their wounds or checking someone’s injuries. See how many times he mentions being busy with his medical practice right before he gets sucked into a case. Watson is many things (something which too many adaptations forget)—first and foremost, however, he is a doctor.

The narrator of “A Study in Emerald” bemoans his lost status as a crack shot on the very first page and brings it up multiple times throughout the story. It is the whole of his self-identity, and the fact that his shoulder is healing toward the end gives him hope that he will regain his “deadshot” status. Moran’s whole claim to fame is being a crack shot (“He was the best shot in India, and I expect that there are few better in London”)—therefore it should be clear, going off of the canon alone, that the narrator is Moran, and not Watson. But because Watson is enshrined in the popular imagination as the one most likely to fire a gun while Holmes is off being brilliant, that little hint slips through the cracks. If this were truly just “Sherlock Holmes in a Lovecraftian world,” and the narrator truly was Watson, he would not be preoccupied with his ability to fire a weapon. Also, you’ll notice that it is Watson’s training as a Doctor of Medicine that allows him to dispatch the Prince of Bohemia so effectively. His specialized knowledge is what makes him an asset to Holmes in this universe, in keeping with the fact that being a doctor is the one major thing that Watson has on Holmes in the original canon. Watson’s status as a doctor makes him just as deadly in “Emerald” as Moran’s marksmanship makes him in the original stories—and with “Emerald” Watson occupying the place of canon Moran as the associate of the genius criminal, that means “Emerald” is treating being a doctor as the primary aspect of Watson’s identity, just as Moran being a sharpshooter is his. Gaiman could have had the doctor kill the prince with a gun, staying perfectly in keeping with Watson’s established practice of carrying a revolver—but he chose instead to have Watson kill with knives and a medical professional’s precision. This highlights the major difference between the two men, an important thing in a story that hinges on their similarities. As I said in the previous post, Watson and Moran have a great deal in common, but Watson’s being a doctor sets him apart in a way that tells us he wants to help his fellow human beings—“human beings” being a key specification to make in “Emerald.”

The thoughtfulness evident in Gaiman having Watson’s murder weapon of choice be a knife rather than a gun runs throughout the entirety of “A Study in Emerald,” and I believe that is why I was so taken with this story. It’s very easy to make a Sherlock Holmes pastiche that is recognizable as such. An “elementary” here, a “game’s afoot” there, a smoke of a pipe and some rapid-fire deductions, maybe a mention of Baker Street, and the job’s done. But that often reduces Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson to surface-level depictions of themselves, more concerned with the most iconic aspects of the characters than who the characters actually are. “A Study in Emerald” is a story where the characters’ identities are the whole point—if you take away the trappings most associated with them, and give them to their mortal enemies, are they still the same people? Gaiman explores that by employing both major and minor details from the canon, with those minor ones turning out to be the most important. And while he’s weaving these details together, deploying them at precisely the right spots in the narrative, he also manages to create a compelling alternate world that could host its own set of stories I would be eager to read.

#sherlock holmes #a study in emerald #neil gaiman #john watson #in depth #analysis

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healnsootheinfo · 3 years ago

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Devil's Claw Root Extract

Each heals n soothe capsule contains 30mg Devil's root distillation, which is one of the many assuring herbal elements that ease aching, sore bone and tissue mobilization.

Boswellia Extract

According to WebMD archives, Boswellia is comparable to NSAIDs in its anti-inflammatory properties. The only Indian medicine that contains the distillation of Boswellia is a traditional herbal medication.

Citrus Bioflavonoids Complex

Citrus Bioflavonoids, powerful phytonutrients, improve antioxidative injury and protect cells from free radicals. It can be extracted from citrus fruits and oranges. It has been used to treat pain and other miscellaneous conditions.

Ginger Root Extract

Many clinical studies and investigations support ginger's antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. The Heal n Soothe tablets are infused with powerful ginger infusions to quickly treat arthritis and reduce bone swelling.

Yucca Root

The Yucca root extract supports the elimination of toxin buildup, which helps with frequent migraines and manages continuous pain.

Turmeric Rhizome

You can get turmeric rhizome as an additional pain reliever. It is a powerful antioxidant synthesis. This active component can be found in many OTC anxiety problems and creams.

Alpha-Lipoic acid

Alpha-lipoic acids protects the brain against injury and reduces soreness. It is found in a lot of medical records.

Rutin

Citrus fruits contain rutin, an antioxidant. In pharmaceutical times, it is often described as quercetin-3-O-rutinoside. Rutin can be used to enhance the blood capillary's elasticity.

The eight components of the above are combined in a proteolytic enzyme mixture - which stimulates the restorative process and creates a strong, provocative acknowledgement. The protein supplement heal n Soothe promotes pain relief and recovery from operations. The probiotic formula boosts intake and enhances movement.

Side effects of Heal n Soothe Ingredients

Side effects are rare in doctor-formulated medication. Can you use Heal n Soothe in combination with other medications? What are the side effects of Heal n Soothe?

These issues will be explained based on Heal n Soothe consumer investigations, accusations and medical investigation documents.

Some users believe that Heal n Soothe works well, but excessive dosages can be dangerous. You should not take the medication if you are hungry. This could lead to gastric problems. However, just like any other medication, your body needs time to adjust. Heal n Soothe also has an outstanding track record and excellent defense records. These are the only side effects you might get from Heal n Soothe.

Use blood-thinning prescriptions to lower blood pressure

Sensitive stomach: Heartburn or gastric problems

May stimulate lymphatic seepage, and short-term runny nose.

What is the best way to heal and soothe?

Heal n Soothe Info contains a unique combination of essential components and systemic proteolytic protein. Your body makes specific characters from the proteids found in soreness and white blood cells that treat injuries.

However, once the healing process is over, the adhesive tissues stop oxygen from reaching all body parts.

To transport oxygen to all areas of the body, excess fiber must first be thawed. Otherwise, joint soreness and outwardly oxygen can occur.

Systemic proteolytic enzymes break down the glutinous fibres and take away the tracks for red blood cell. This improves the bloodstream and supports oxygen-rich cells to serve and carry out their functions efficiently. Heal n Soothe is a biocatalyst, which speeds up the restoration process.

This supplement is designed to reduce the amount of infection in cells and tissues that cause them to become inflated or congested.

This can reduce the flow of energy, life vitality and plasma to your cells.

This medication ensures that your joints receive adequate bloodstream and effectiveness so they can serve you exactly, even if your age is older.

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What is the best way to heal and soothe?

Heal n Soothe is a great investment in your time and credit. It serves more than your bones and joints. It also supports your overall health and immune system.

It has been precisely manufactured to deliver cutting-edge features of all capsules that contain systemic proteolytic enzymes as well as rare, unusual fundamental components.

The medication's specifications are specifically designed to relieve discomforts and pains for long-term use. It is a must-try drug.

This supplement is recommended if you are looking to stop relying on pain-relieving sprays and medications.

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Heal n Soothe has many benefits

Heal-n–Soothe supports Bone Health, Aid and Furthermore Versatility. Each tablet of Heal–n–Soothe contains a powerful combination of Proteolytic enzymes, Organic Turmeric Extracts, Bromelain Extract, Boswellia Extracts, Papains, Rutins, Devil's Claws, Citrus Bioflavonoids as well as Alpha Lipoic Acid, Ginger supplement, and Bromelain. These components work together to relieve joint pain, soreness, and other common aches and pains.

Properly Formulated Proteolytic Enzymes to Support a Healthy Immune System: Heal n-Soothe was designed to be the most efficient and powerful vigor proteolytic proteins formulation. To relieve joint pain, all dosages have been clinically tested.

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Heal-n'Soothe is better than ordinary turmeric Curcumin Medications. It contains 60mg of curcumin, a well-known antioxidant that reduces free radicals in the body. It didn't end there. Heal-n'Soothe, which is a combination of turmeric and 12 rustic elements, is designed to provide the best common joint maintenance. Heal-n-Soothe has been recommended by standard turmeric prescriptions.

Specifications and Features

It is 100% organic, vegetarian, non-GMO N Filters Binders Or Preservatives. This high-quality, all natural, non-GMO, gluten free description is of the highest quality. This medicine has not been associated with any side effects. The Heal-n–Soothe joint medication is a great choice for anyone who wants to improve joint mobility and health.

Heal-n-Soothe helps you get back to living life to the fullest. Simply take the recommended daily dosage. You'll soon be able to live your life as you want.

Pros and cons of Heal n Soothe

Heal n Soothe was created to provide comprehensive care for multiple health issues.

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It increases compliance and mobility.

Heal n Soothe improves your musculoskeletal health.

It reduces inflammation and swelling.

Heal n Soothe improves your intellect.

It increases plasma flow and plasma stream.

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It provides overall joint support, flexibility, and fluidity.

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It greatly reduces joint pain and lower back ache.

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Heal n Soothe cannot be purchased in shops

Online shopping is only possible at the official stores

Medical communications are subject to more insufficient analysis.

Patients below 18 years old are not recommended

It can take a lot of time.

People with narrower nerves and small mouths may feel discomfort.

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An all-natural arthritis remedy is recommended if you need to stop taking medicine. You may be experiencing unbearable pain. You can now check out the Heal n Soothe arthritis supplement, which has been long-lastingly assigned to you. According to the official website, all elements have been clinically tested and are medically approved for relief of arthritis symptoms.

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johnboothus · 4 years ago

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The Differences Between Bitters Tinctures and Shrubs

Finishing touches define art. “A Day in the Life” loses masterwork status if the Beatles don’t add the song’s final lingering piano chord. Without the slightly mischievous upturn in her mouth, Mona Lisa is merely a pretty portrait. Hell, the room in “The Big Lebowski” isn’t tied together without the rug, per the Dude’s infinite wisdom. In the world of cocktails — mixologists’ own form of art —bitters, tinctures, and shrubs are a bartender’s version of these coups de grâce. The right number of drops, drips, or dashes from these power-packed elixirs elevates a libation from mundane to magic, leaving the imbiber little choice but to acknowledge the sublime craftsmanship in the glass.

The shared source of their sorcery is their intensity, which is why they’re typically doled out in teensy amounts. “All three are designed to be highly concentrated ingredients,” explains Gareth Moore, beverage director of Home & Away in San Diego. “Because of this, they can drastically change a drink’s flavor profile with just a few drops. Once you know how to use them, you can build a drink to a specific flavor profile efficiently.”

Originally, the trio’s shared purpose was intended to make those consuming them feel good in a whole different way. “I think it’s important to know that all three started out as medicines,” states Jamie White, co-owner and bartender at Pearl Diver in Nashville. “Even though they have these similar backgrounds historically, it’s important to understand they all have different profiles of ingredients and use.” The best way to get a handle on these differences is by looking at how they’re built. Bitters are made with a pure grain spirit inundated with bittering agents like fruit peels, spices, or funky stuff like bark or cassia. Tinctures act as straight-up botanical, fruit, or vegetable infusions without any bitterness. A shrub adds sugar to fruit juice and uses vinegar to cut the sweetness.

Many imbibers and bargoers these days have an awareness of how these ingredients are used, but this hasn’t always been the case. Those of us who muddled through the bad old days of the pre-2000 bar scene had a vague sense of Angostura bitters’ existence back then, but that was only because we had one friend smart enough to order an Old Fashioned while we did Kamikaze shots. Regardless, bitters were a misunderstood ingredient. Tinctures and shrubs, on the other hand, were fully unknown substances.

This changed with the craft cocktail movement’s nationwide explosion in the 2010s, when bartenders from Orlando to Omaha dug deep into drink history and resurrected their usage. This coincided with a bitters boom marked by several upstart companies experimenting with unique and funky flavor profiles. This one-two punch created a renaissance of cocktail enhancements, one that fully blossoms when you look at each ingredient separately.

Bitters

Cocktail bitters (as opposed to digestive bitters like Amaro Montenegro or Fernet Branca, which are their own beasts) are highly concentrated concoctions designed to add flavor depth and balance to a cocktail. They can also occasionally act as a drink salvager, even for the professionals. “They’re sometimes used as a savior to fix a cocktail that I didn’t nail the first go-round,” White says. “It’s one of the reasons why they usually come in at the end of a drink for me.”

Angostura, Peychaud’s, and orange bitters are the holy trinity of bitters, and they’re essential if you’re making classics like Old Fashioneds or Sazeracs. But they can (and should) lay the groundwork for the kind of alchemy that leads the home bartender to more advanced voodoo.

“Don’t be afraid to experiment!” says Ashlyn Miyasaki, bar manager at Bar Henry in Los Angeles. “Next time you make Moscow Mules at home, try adding a couple dashes of Angostura bitters and see what you notice. Add orange bitters to your Martini. Try different brands of orange bitters and use them in tandem. Once you’ve got a feel for it, then you can branch out to different drinks and unique bitters.”

You can even go beyond the recommended two dashes of bitters — if you dare. Bartenders love the Trinidad Sour, a delicious yet brazen concoction that calls for a whopping 1.5 ounces of Angostura. It tastes like how prog metal sounds: bold, burly, and relentlessly complex.

Making Your Own Bitters

Making bitters is fun, and is easier than you might think. Here’s a recipe to get you going:

What You’ll Need:

16 ounces Everclear

4 teaspoons of botanicals, preferably four different botanicals

Four 4-ounce Mason jars

In each jar, add 4 ounces of Everclear and one teaspoon of a botanical. Label each jar with the botanical used, and seal. Let botanicals steep for about two weeks, shaking the jars daily and tasting them regularly. Strain out the matter with a coffee filter. Dilute with water or sweetener if desired. Mix the contents of each jar.

NOTE: Common botanicals used in bitters include juniper berries, cardamom, ginger, cloves, caraway, rose hips, and fennel. Your neighborhood spice shop should have ample supply. When you get the hang of it, you can also throw in flowers, legumes, or dried fruits to achieve extra funky goodness.

Tinctures

Tinctures are the metronomes of the bartending world, a steadying beat that bartenders break out to achieve singular flavor precision. “I use tinctures when a drink calls for something super specific, like black pepper,” White explains. “I can make a black pepper tincture and use a drop of it in a drink instead of trying to use a pinch of pepper. The drop of a tincture will always be more consistent.”

This sense of control can make it an ideal homemade ingredient if you fret about getting the drink’s flavor just so. And they will be homemade — the only tinctures you’ll find on the market are for medicinal use or are made from cannabis (which has its own medicinal purposes). But that’s no big deal. All you need to make a tincture is alcohol, the agent providing the infusion, and the patience for the infusion to do its thing. There’s no limit to what the infusing agent may be; people use everything from fruit and veggies, to herbs and flowers, so wander around your garden and see what looks delicious.

Making Your Own Tinctures

If you’re new to making tinctures, keep things simple. Here’s how:

What You’ll Need:

4 ounces high-proof vodka (at least 100 proof)

Infusion agent, such as fruit (for this example, use one a whole mango)

1 Mason jar

Place the mango in the jar. Pour in the vodka and seal. Put in the refrigerator for about a week, stirring and tasting each day.

NOTES: Using a higher-proof spirit could expedite things. If using berries as the infusion agent, fill the jar halfway with berries.

Once you get the hang of the process, though, you can push the boundaries of creativity a bit. This recipe from Gareth Moore is a great place to start:

Cinnamon Bourbon Tincture (Courtesy Gareth Moore)

What You’ll Need:

1 part cinnamon bark

4 parts high-proof bourbon (at least 100 proof: the stronger the proof, the better)

1 Mason jar

Fill a jar with the cinnamon bark. Pour in the bourbon and let sit in the refrigerator for one week. Strain out the cinnamon bark and transfer to a dropper bottle.

Shrubs

Because vinegar is involved, shrubs offer a little more food and drink-based versatility than bitters or tinctures. “Shrubs can make a nice base for vinaigrette salad dressings,” Miyasaki says. In a cocktail, shrubs’ mélange of vinegar, fruit, and sugar creates a bright, bold complexity that adds sweet, tangy, and tart notes, making it a favorite ingredient for bartenders when they’re behind the stick. “I prefer working with shrubs at my bar, but that’s because I know I’m going to be making a large volume of drinks every night,” says Moore.

Indeed, there is a bit of a conundrum with making shrubs at home. They don’t have the staying power of bitters and tinctures, which can both keep their integrity for about a year on a home bartender’s shelf. Shrubs are also designed for shelf life, but last half that long and will lose their mojo quicker the more they’re used. This doesn’t mean you shouldn’t make shrubs at home — you should, because they’re delicious. Besides, the vinegar makes shrubs a killer fruit preserver — a property that made them a hit back in the American colonial era. If given the choice between turning a past-its-prime peach into a superb cocktail ingredient or chucking it into your garbage in a few days, there’s only one good answer.

Making Your Own Shrubs

There’s a little more prep work involved when making shrubs compared to tinctures and bitters, but they’re still relatively easy to make. Besides, every shrub you create gives fruit a second life. Here are a couple of recipes to get you started:

Strawberry Basil Shrub (Courtesy Ashlyn Miyasaki)

What You’ll Need:

4 cups ripe strawberries, hulled and halved

1 cup fresh basil leaves

4 cups sugar

1 teaspoon kosher salt

1 tablespoon balsamic vinegar

4 cups white wine vinegar

Place the strawberry halves and basil leaves in a large bowl. Add sugar and salt, then cover. Let set at room temperature, stirring occasionally, until liquid begins to form. Add vinegar, and stir until sugar is dissolved. Fine strain the liquid, and store in the refrigerator.

Grilled Peach Shrub (Courtesy Jamie White)

What You’ll Need:

1 peach, sliced and pitted

1 cup sugar

½ cup apple cider vinegar

½ cup regular vinegar

Grill peach slices until they have slight char marks. Mix all ingredients in a pot. Cook on low for 15 minutes or until sugar dissolves. Blend ingredients with a hand blender. Put back in the pot, and let simmer for five to 10 minutes. Strain and refrigerate.

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scaleporch4 · 4 years ago

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scenecattle6 · 4 years ago

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Food proteins are currently being researched past their nutritional features, for their positive effect on human health pertaining to certain sequences encrypted right into the indigenous protein, called bioactive peptides. Research on BAPs provides insightful details on the effect of dietary healthy proteins on health. Basically, electrophoresis is a biochemical analytical strategy which can be made use of as a test to learn if the healthy protein is a peptide or an amino acid. Although electrophoresis can be utilized for peptides, polypeptides, amino acids, as well as even various healthy proteins as well, for quality, we will only review amino acids. Nonetheless, the same concepts can be put on all kinds of molecules discussed above.

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The first week changeover was enormous, with no question a residual result of the creatine and beta alanine, as well as the choice I made to front tons the research study for ostarine for two days just.

To satisfy their nitrogen need, Lactobacillus types have actually developed a proteolytic system, which hydrolyzes the healthy proteins and also supplies the amino acids. Healthy protein hydrolysis is started by CEPs that cleave the healthy proteins into peptides varying from 4 to 30 amino acids. Especially, healing peptides, also synthetic ones, are usually less immunogenic than recombinant healthy proteins and antibodies. Lastly, neighborhood management, which is one of the most usual distribution course for AMPs, even more reduces the threat for any type of systemic toxicology issues. The role healthy proteins play within the body associates with the actions of 4 categories of peptides. Many peptides are lab-enhanced as well as are derived from all-natural plant, keratin, wheat, milk casein, rice, potatoes, and yeast. So, exactly how precisely do protein pieces as well as amino acid chains enhance the look as well as general health of the skin?

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When peptides connect together, they develop the basis for all proteins. Peptides additionally have the exceptionally crucial work to regulate the activity of other particles, offer antibiotic advantages and also aid in hormone balance.

Nonetheless, they are considered as meticulous bacteria as a result of their auxotrophy for countless amino acids. In order to locate the amino acids required for their development, lactobacilli hydrolyze healthy proteins in their environment through their proteolytic system, and, extra specifically, via the activity of enzymes called cell envelope proteinases. The most meaningful instances of BAPs created by Lactobacillus types are the antihypertensive tripeptides, Ile-Pro-Pro and also Val-Pro-Pro, created from casein hydrolysis by different Lb.

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Finally, a last concern to be born in mind is that as an item designed for direct usage, fermented food will certainly be sent to GID. The influence of GID on a fermented food must, as a result, be examined to obtain an accurate prediction of the actual in vivo tasks of the food. GID is even, on its own, one of the major procedures for BAP manufacturing from food proteins. Usually, for ACE inhibitory peptides, GID enhances the release of BAPs from fermented food, as healthy proteins that were not hydrolyzed during the fermentation will be digested throughout GID.

Enzyme inhibitor peptides impede the task of enzymes that deteriorate architectural proteins like collagen, slowing down the loss of quantity and flexibility in the skin. A presumptive artificial injection for foot-and-mouth condition has actually verified much less successful in a host species, cattle, than predicted by cause a small-animal version. Feasible reasons for this consist of non-recognition by T cells influenced by significant histocompatibility facility -connected immune feedback gene control. It is now feasible to kind for human leucocyte antigen DR-like bovine MHC course II polymorphisms with a one-dimensional isoelectric focusing technique. Utilizing this approach 14 unrelated livestock were chosen with eight different BoLA class II IEF types.

Exploring The Best Market Entrance Method For Reagents And Also Strategies Associating With Peptide.

The effect of GID can be assessed in vitro by treating the fermented product with stomach and pancreatic enzymes, as well as comparing the task of the resulting item with the activity of a non-fermented sample. Collagen makes up for 25-35% of the whole body's healthy protein web content. To day, 29 different sorts of collagen have been determined that contribute to various jobs in the skin, as well as a variety of peptides are called for to keep these collagens undamaged and healthy and balanced. As we age, the body loses 1% of collagen every year as well as thinning of ageing skin happens at the rate of regarding 6% every one decade! Collagen manufacturing is important to healthy and balanced skin, so think of peptides like 'body building' but also for the skin.

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After that, the process of antigen presentation using MHC class II particles generally follows the exact same pattern as for MHC course I discussion. Bicyclic peptides are known to have the capability of being employed as an effective alternative to complicated particles, such as antibodies, or little particles. This review gives a recap of the recent progress on the types, synthesis as well as applications of bicyclic peptides. A lot more particularly, natural and synthetic bicyclic peptides are presented with their different manufacturing approaches and relevant applications, including medicine targeting, imaging and diagnosis. Their usages as antimicrobial agents, as well as the healing functions of various bicyclic peptides, are likewise talked about. Lactobacillus species are auxotrophic for countless amino acids. An exterior resource of nitrogen is needed for their development, particularly in milk where focus of amino acids are low.

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Peptides are brief chains of amino acids that take place normally in our body. When amino acids connect with each other, the chain they create is called an amino peptide.

After immunization with FMDV15, 13 cattle generated a T-cell feedback to FMDV15. Nevertheless, the great uniqueness and magnitude of the response was related to BoLA class II type. The non-response by one animal and reduced action by 2 other animals were related to two of the BoLA class II kinds. Action to the region was immunodominant and animals which did not react to this area had reduced actions to the whole peptide. The constraint patterns of the lines suggested that the IEF method does not distinguish all practical polymorphisms. At the very least two of the IEF-defined types could each be split right into 2 distinctive uniqueness and exposed that the 3 sets of pets with identical IEF enters reality expressed unique limitation elements.

MHC class II particles bind to peptides that are originated from proteins degraded in the endocytic pathway. MHC course II complicateds includes α- and also β-chains that are set up in the Emergency Room and also are stabilised by regular chain. The facility of MHC class II and Ii is transferred via the Golgi right into an area which is labelled the MHC class II compartment. As a result of acidic pH, proteases cathepsin S and also cathepsin L are triggered and absorb Ii, leaving a residual course II-associated Ii peptide in the peptide-binding groove of the MHC class II. Later on, Buy peptides Direct Slovakia is exchanged for an antigenic peptide stemmed from a protein degraded in the endosomal path. This process calls for the chaperone HLA-DM, and, in the case of B cells, the HLA-DO particle. MHC class II particles packed with international peptide are then transported to the cell membrane to offer their cargo to CD4+ T cells.

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Peptides currently exist normally in the body (mixes of amino-acids); healthy protein is ingested with the diet, permitting people to acquire these necessary amino-acids. Amino acids after that incorporate in particular series that result in peptides that perform a selection of functions-- one feature is producing collagen. Signal peptides can send out skin cells solid regrowth signals, triggering them to synthesise even more healthy proteins such as collagen and elastin which keep the skin company and also supple. An additional source of BAP diversity is the type of protein made use of as substrate by the germs. On the whole, Lactobacillus pressures are mostly utilized for milk fermentation and a lot of the BAPs characterized so far were isolated from milk societies. Nonetheless, also milk proteins are not the same, and the same Lactobacillus strain will create different peptides when hydrolysing caseins from cow milk, goat milk, camel milk, or mare milk. Several types of nanocarriers have been evaluated for delivery of AMPs with encouraging outcomes.

Lots of studies focused on ACE prevention peptides, possibly as a result of the ease of usage of in vitro anti-ACE assays. The popular Val-Pro-Pro and Ile-Pro-Pro peptides are created during milk fermentation by some Lb. The resulting fermented milk showed antihypertensive activities in animal and human clinical researches, with a considerable decline in systolic blood pressure. An extra ACE inhibitory peptide sequence (Ala-Ile-Pro-Pro-Lys-Lys-Asn-Gln-Asp) was likewise recognized in milk fermented by Lb. Additionally, various other Lactobacillus types might also release brand-new ACE repressive peptides, as reported for some Lb. The LABORATORY constitute a varied group of Gram-positive, catalase-negative bacteria generating lactic acid as the main end-product of carb fermentation. With greater than 231 valid species and also 29 subspecies, Lactobacillus genus is definitely the main and also most varied LABORATORY group.

It needs to be noted that 30-- 70% of proteins are immediately degraded after synthesis (they are called DRiPs-- malfunctioning ribosomal products, as well as they are the outcome of malfunctioning transcription or translation). This process enables viral peptides to be offered very quickly-- for example, flu infection can be identified by T cells approximately 1.5 hours post-infection. When Buy Peptides Products bind to MHC course I particles, the chaperones are released and also peptide-- MHC course I facilities leave the Emergency Room for presentation at the cell surface area. Sometimes, peptides fail to relate to MHC course I and also they need to be gone back to the cytosol for destruction. Some MHC class I molecules never bind peptides and they are additionally deteriorated by the ER-associated healthy protein deterioration system.

It keeps skin communication as well as anchors the epidermis to the dermis. Imagine the skin as plates held together by a series of chain web links. If among these web links becomes weak as well as breaks, home plates will certainly slip. As the healthy protein composed web links, such as laminin as well as integrin comes to be weak within the DEJ, the skin starts to droop, and loses elasticity ultimately developing a line or wrinkle.

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Especially, numerous AMPs are currently under clinical advancement for healing indicators besides antimicrobials or antifungal representatives. The mechanisms through which LL-37 promotes injury recovery are not completely understood, yet are likely to include several wound fixing parts such as re-epithelialization, angiogenesis, and swelling. One more AMP presently in scientific growth for its residential or commercial properties other than anti-infection is PXL01. A collection of amazing items created for mix to oily skin types. Created with powerful active ingredients that consist of Hyaluronic acid, Liquid oxygen as well as seaweed extracts such as Undaria algae, Laminaria and Marine peptides that aid to bring back the skins Ph equilibrium and also aid decrease aging signs and symptoms. These technologically advanced peptides are a lot more complicated chains of amino acids as well as have the capacity once more to address a wide variety of aging problems however more successfully. The DEJ holds the skin together, boosting its compactness, firmness and elasticity.

Neuropeptides are tiny proteinaceous cell-cell signaling molecules generated and launched by nerve cells. They vary from peptide hormonal agents in that they are secreted from nerve cells and act locally on adjoining nerve cells, whereas peptide hormones are secreted in to the blood by neuroendocrine cells as well as act at remote sites. Neuropeptides are the most varied class of indicating molecules in the brain, and also are involved in a broad range of mind features, consisting of analgesia, recreation, discovering as well as memory, benefit, food intake and also even more. Electropherograms can aid compare the various sorts of healthy proteins, peptides and amino acids. This is a wonderful natural choice with this powder likewise being loaded with amino acids in addition to respectable healthy protein degrees in each serving and also being extremely easy to mix right into healthy protein trembles or various other drinks without including any kind of awful flavours like some can. This will last around a month based on the recommended offering recommendation so for a suitable collagen powder it's really not bad worth either and also one I would certainly more than happy to continue utilizing. MHC class II molecules are expressed by APCs, such as dendritic cells, macrophages and also B cells (and, under IFNγ stimuli, by mesenchymal stromal cells, fibroblasts and endothelial cells, along with by epithelial cells as well as enteric glial cells).

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thestartline · 5 years ago

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“Ray” May 2020 Issue - Stray Kids Interview (Maknae line)

Cute like a puppy ❤︎ the mischievous vocal - Seungmin

Born on September 22nd, 2000. Blood type A. With his mid bass tone, he in charge of vocals. He is fluent in English, and served as the MC for Kpop shows for foreign viewers. He is serious and a good student, but at times, he breaks down according to the members...?!

#Genius_puppy

BC: Seungmin is a puppy haha (In Japanese)

HN: A clever puppy, genius puppy!

BC: A very sensible and a genius puppy, Seungmin is bright and clever. He is knowledgable, and he accurately accomplishes everything that needs to be done.

Q. What is your charming point?

SM: My smile and singing voice. I’m also good at taking photos!

Q. What is the first thing you do in the morning?

SM: I immediately change my clothes.

Q. How do you switch up when you’re tired or feeling down?

SM: Sleep is the best medicine! But, at times when that doesn’t even work, I listen to music and change my mood. When I’m feeling down, I listen to sad songs on purpose and share the feeling.

Q. If you weren’t a singer, what do you think you would be doing?

SM: A university student thinking about the future. I would have been a university student, thinking about my own future. When I was younger, I played baseball, and there were a lot of things I wanted to do!

Q. Tell us something surprising about the members!

SM: Bang Chan hyung can do anything, but he is really bad at games. I can beat him even with one finger!

Q. What do you think is the most important aspect to accomplish a dream?

SM: Earnest thoughts. If you truly and seriously think about what you want to be and do, I think you’ll be able to get closer to your dream.

Q. Is there a place you’d like to go in Japan?

SM: Character shop! There are many cute characters in Japan, so I want to go to a character shop and do some shopping.

Q. Is there any Japanese piece you like?

SM: The ninja’s in “NARUTO” are really cool! The artists I like are “SEKAI NO OWARI”. I think they have a really pretty voice.

Q. What is a Japanese word you learnt recently?

SM: 「気をつけて帰ってください。」(”Please go home safely.”). I used it at the Japanese concert.

Q. If you become another member for a day, who would it be?

SM: I want to become Changbin hyung and shout! Changbin hyung has a really cool voice. He is a integral part of Stray Kids’ music.

The more you know, the more there is to know; the sweet and pure boy - Felix

Born on September 15th, 2000. Blood type AB. From Australia. From his cute and sweet visuals, his super deep voice rap and sharp movements cannot be imagined. His hobby is to play games.

#Magic_face

IN: He’s really good looking. No matter what performance he does or whatever he sings, he always looks good, and any hairstyle suits him! “It’s magic!”, is what I think.

HJ: He has this atmosphere to him, and his facial structure makes him look noble. Yet, his actions are cute.

#Fiery_charisma

LK: He recently dyed his hair red, and when he stands on stage, along with his strong gaze, he is really cool.

Q. What is the first thing you do in the morning?

FX: I play games sometimes haha. I play games and wake myself up. These days I’ve been playing “Call of Duty” or RPG games.

Q. If you weren’t a singer, what do you think you would be doing?

FX: Probably something to do with music like piano or singing. I like gaming, but I don’t think I would have been a pro gamer. It becomes stressful when its something professional so. I want to have fun with games haha.

Q. How do you switch up when you’re tired or feeling down?

FX: Music is the best! Light music is relaxing. I used to listen to the sound of harps, but these days I listen to band music more. I like Coldplay these days.

Q. What do you think is the most important aspect to accomplish a dream?

FX: To understand yourself. To find the reason why you’re alive in this world. By looking for that reason, I think it is most important to understand who you are. I think that might make it easier to find happiness in your life.

Q. What made you the most excited recently?

FX: When I went to the dog cafe. I went alone to one last year in November. I used to be a cat person, but these days I can understand dogs and their actions so I’m really interested in them! I went for the first time with my mother, and it was so fun that I’m really into it now. I have a lot of memories with many puppies at different cafe’s now haha. I play with them while drinking something, pat them, feed them, and relax while I’m there,

Q. Is there any Japanese piece you like?

FX: i have a lot! I’m interested in anime’s like “Dragon Ball” and “NARUTO”

Q. If you become another member for a day, who would it be?

FX: Changbin hyung. He has a nice figure and he’s also muscular. I want to have Changbin hyung’s body and hold up things and people.

Q. What is a Japanese word you learnt recently?

FX: 「ぴえん」(t/n the pleading face emoji). A Japanese fan told me at a fansign! It sounds really cute so I remember it!

Q. What is something you always bring with you on foreign schedules?

FX: Charger with four ports. I charge my phone, earphones, game controller, and charger at the same time.

Q. What is your charming point?

FX: My freckles. I didn’t have that much when I was younger, but because I grew under the sun in Australia, it seems like I gotten more. There aren’t many people with freckles, and I think its something unique about myself! I also had a photoshoot with a Korean magazine before which I purposely didn’t put on any makeup and showed my freckles.

A genius multi-player that attracts the audience in a second - Han

Born on September 14th, 2000. Blood type B. Part of 3RACHA along with Bang Chan and Changbin, and while he is well known for his passionate and melodic tunes, his high tone is well received along with his lyric and song writing. Also humourous, and is known as the mood maker.

#七方美人 (t/n: the original saying is 八方美人 and refers to people who’s nice to everyone / tries to please everyone)

SM: In Korea, we call people who can do anything 八方美人 but because Han is lacking something, we call him 七方美人

CB: He’s lacking something, but we don’t know what that is haha.

HN: I really like it!

BC: Like this, Han is the mood maker. He makes his surrounding brighter.

HN: Everyone laughs just by looking at my face haha.

Q. What is your charming point?

HN: My face that resembles a squirrel. Squirrels are cute - I’m happy people call me that!

Q. What made you the most excited recently?

HN: When I was able to watch an anime from the start to the end in my bed at our dorm in Korea. Its an anime called “Himouto! Umaru-chan”. I really love anime!

Q. Anything you’re into these days?

HN: Um... to watch anime haha. I feel calm when I watch anime, and all the cluttered thoughts in my head goes away. “Himouto! Umaru-chan” is really funny, the main character is so cute!

Q. Is there any Japanese piece you like?

HN: Gibli is a legend! If its anime, definitely “Himouto! Umaru-chan” haha. Besides that, I like “Howl's Moving Castle”, “Spirited Away”, “My Neighbour Totoro”, “Castle in the Sky”... Gibli is a legend, everything is a masterpiece. If its an movie, “I want to eat your pancreas”. Its very sad and I watched it four times.

Q. What is a Japanese word you learnt recently?

HN: 「この番組は、ご覧のスポンサーの提供でお送りします。」(”This program is brought to you by these sponsors.”). I saw this a lot whenever I watched “Detective Conan”, and I got curious so I looked it up haha.

Q. If you weren’t a singer, what do you think you would be doing?

HN: I would have continued studying. I’m not great at studying, but my parents wanted me to study so. I didn’t have any dreams besides becoming a singer, so if I didn’t become one, I would have probably listened to what my parents wanted me to do.

Q. What do you think is the most important aspect to accomplish a dream?

HN: To have a precise goal. You need to have a specific goal to know how you will accomplish your goal. I think its important to have a plan to know how to accomplish it.

Q. Tell us something surprising about the members!

HN: Seungmin is actually quite silly haha. He has a very intelligent and wise image, but when his tension is at max, he does really silly stuff! He shouts in a loud voice, or he suddenly comes into the room and says “Aaaaah!” and leaves.

Q. If you become another member for a day, who would it be?

HN: I would want to become handsome Hyunjin, and see how the others watch him haha.

Thoughtful and the maknae loved by everyone - I.N.

Born on February 8th, 2001. Blood type A. The youngest who has the cutest smile is said by all members that there is no one sweet as him. He tends to lose things easily, and apparently, he has lost his wireless earphones 3 times.

#Tornado_of_Cuteness

HJ: He’s too cute! He’s always just cute!!

Q. What is your charming point?

IN: How my eyes droop when I smile. My long eyes are my charming point. I’m normally the youngest and loved, but when I’m on stage I don’t smile as much, so perhaps that gap might be a charming point as well? haha

Q. Anything you’re into these days?

IN: Coffee frappuccino. I’ve always liked coffee and normally drink americano, but the other day I wanted to try something new and ordered it. It was really good and I was surprised!

Q. What do you think is the most important aspect to accomplish a dream?

IN: To have fun. If you can have fun, you can be positive! If you can accomplish your dream, I think it is important to be happy.

Q. Is there any Japanese piece you like?

IN: Since I was young, I’ve always loved “Crayon Shin-chan!”

Q. If you become another member for a day, who would it be?

IN: Bang Chan hyung who has wide shoulders! He also has a lot of physical strength, so I want to know what it feels like to have wide shoulders. But, I think I enjoy being myself the most haha.

Q. What made you the most excited recently?

IN: When we were given our breaks! My home is in Busan, I look forward to going home and eating during the break. There are many good foods, and because there is the sea, it feels great too. I want to recommend Gwangalli Beach and pig gukbap!

Q. What is a Japanese word you learnt recently?

IN: 「これはなんですか？これはゼロコークです」(”What is this? This is Coke Zero”)

Q. Tell us something surprising about the members!

IN: Han hyung surprisingly doesn’t sleep a lot at night. He seems like he sleeps a lot, and its not like he doesn’t, but he’s the type to be on his phone at night and staying up late. And, Han hyung watches a lot of dramas, after Hyunjin hyung.

Q. If you weren’t a singer, what do you think you would be doing?

IN: A preschool teacher or a social worker I think.

Q. How do you switch up when you’re tired or feeling down?

IN: I don’t do anything specific, but I try to make some time to think and sort my head out on my own. I think it is best if you rest at times like that, so I make time to rest, and try to think positively as possible.

!! Take out with credits; @yarn1003 on twitter !!

#Stray Kids #SKZ #SKZ2020 #Seungmin #Felix #I.N.#Han

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vernarexthai-blog · 4 years ago

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themodernvedic · 5 years ago

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How to sanitize your home naturally ?

The saying modern problems require modern solutions might be true but the need of sanitizing your home is not new. It is just that suddenly the COVID-19 pandemic has made us realize the importance of cleanliness and sanitization. One might consider rinsing his home with harmful chemical disinfectants, but in reality it does more harm than good. So, what is the right way to sanitize your home?

Sanitizing the environment is something that has been an important practice in the ancient Vedic civilization. In the past, every public gathering was initiated, only after doing certain rituals to sanitize and purify, the environment and the actual void of space. In Ayurveda viruses and bacteria are called “bhoota” which also means ghost because ghosts live in the microcosm and are not visible to the naked eye. The process of sanitizing is called bhoot shudhdhi. Here shudhdhi means “to purify”. To Sanitize your home and kill these kinds of harmful parasites, there are certain rituals which can be performed. Let us discuss about the science of these rituals and how we can all incorporate them in our

day to day lives. Let us start with the basics. In Ayurveda fire is used to dissolve elements into the atmosphere. For example if we take chilli and put it in fire everyone present in the room will feel its effect. The pungent elements of chilli will dissolve slowly into the atmosphere. In such a scenario, the atmosphere around you, depends on the kind of element that you put into the Fire. That is the reason why one should always put sattvic (pure) elements into the fire. This concept like other concepts in Hinduism transcends other

dimensions also. For example, digestive fire is also considered a type of fire, that is why we should only put pure elements into our stomach so that our body is made up of pure elements only. If we put junk in our food our body will be polluted just like the environment. To sum it all, we should only put pure elements into the divine fire of “Yagya” and into the divine digestive fire of our stomach. In recent years many Western scientists have done research on ancient Indian technique of Yagya. Let us focus on the scientific aspect of the practice that can be used to sanitize your home and not just on the spiritual aspect. What is Yagya ? Yagya is an ancient ritual in which we put fire in in a specific container and we feed the Fire certain herbs and then chant certain mantras. The fuel that is chosen for this fire has to be chosen properly. It is specifically mentioned in the Ayurveda, what fuel is to be used for a Yagya and what Herbs are to be put, once the fire is Lit. Yagyas can have different time spans, depending on the need and severity of the purification. There are Yagyas which can be performed in 10 minutes and there are Yagyas which take days to perform.

Yagya is the scientific process of sublimation and transformation of healthy constituents of plants and herbal medicines, into vapor and its expansion and dissipation in the surrounding atmosphere. It also helps in maintaining the balance of oxygen, carbon-di-oxide and other gases, along with reducing the harmful growth of poisonous, ozone layer-depleting gases and radiations into the surroundings. The term Yagya is often used for every process (e.g. cycles of Nature) and philosophy, which generates healthy and essential substances with beneficial effects and goodwill into the atmosphere. This is why Yagya has been termed as the nucleus of all the natural cycles. It is amazing to note that the Ozone Layer has also been mentioned in the Vedas. Several hymns of Rig Veda and Atharva Veda, mention that the earth is surrounded by a membrane, which is very thick. The term used for Ozone layer is 'mahat ulba'. Mahat in Sanskrit means very big and ulba is the membrane, which covers the embryo inside the uterus. In Atharva Veda the color of this layer has been called golden i.e. 'hiranyaya'. Comparing the Ozone layer to a membrane covering the embryo, it is clear that the function of this layer is the protection of earth. Disturbing this layer is equivalent to disturbing the membrane that covers the embryo inside a uterus.

The chemical-X to Sanitize Homes, Cow Ghee

Generally, Yagya mango bark is used as a fuel for the fire. But the Yagya we are going to focus on, is the “Agnihotra Yagya” which is used to Sanitize your home. For this the fuel used is cow dung cakes. I must assume that when I say cow, readers understand what I mean. By cow I mean the cow that has a a hump on its back. The cow which does not have hump i.e the hump-less cow is technically not a cow, it is a western Hybrid. Thus the Western species of a cow cannot be considered for thus Yagya. Why is this hump important? The hump of an Indian cow is its Surya nadi. Generally only humans are believed to have this nadi in their body, but cow is the only animal to have this nadi.

This is the reason why a Cow’s milk is considered to be as good as a mother’s milk in India. Along with cow dung cakes you will need cow ghee. It is important to know the difference between butter oil and ghee. The basic difference is that ghee is made from curd and butter oil is made from the cream that we get from milk.

Many people think that butter oil and ghee are same things but you should know that butter oil has a lot of harmful effects on the body while ghee, which is made from cow milk (A2 milk) does not harm the body in anyway. People with cholesterol problem can eat cow ghee in any quantity they want, but will never have any problem. But they cannot have butter oil as it can lead to serious health problems.

The next thing you need is rice grains. You will only need a handful of them. The container in which the Yagya has to be performed is made with many technicalities. Just like any scientific process we should consider the rituals as a scientific process. Every step we take in these rituals are scientifically designed and have a deep meaning behind them. We should not perform them only for the sake of performing them, but should actually do it with complete dedication. Each and every step should be taken consciously. The shape of the container depends on the type of the task we want to perform in the Yagya. The metal of the container matters as well. In agnihotra yagya a container made from copper is used. Modern view of science has confirmed that copper is a good repellent of bacteria and viruses. Mind you copper is being used in this kind of Yagya since time immemorial. The next important thing to consider for performing this Yagya to sanitize your home is the timing of the Yagya. The Yagya should only be performed during the time of sunrise or sunset. The time should be very precise. There is a scientist from Germany who has done 40 years of research on Yagyas. He has designed a software 'Air' which will give you the timings of sunset and sunrise, of the whole year. The timing has to be very precise for performing this Yagya. Why is the time of sunrise or sunset so important? At sunset and sunrise there is a surge in the magnetic field of the earth, thus making it an auspicious time to perform this yagya. One important point to note here is that Yagya not only purifies the environment but also purifies the space of that area. When we say environment it means, the surrounding air and land. But when we say that it also purifiers the space of that area, we mean that it will also purify the Aura of that point of space in the entire universe. The technique of Yagya transcends multiple dimensions not only the physical one but the non-physical one as well. This Yagya to sanitize your home is only the tip of the Iceberg there are hundreds of types of Yagyas for attaining different types of goals.

Now let’s come to the scientific aspect of this ritual and leave the metaphysical aspects. You must be thinking, that how can burning a few cow dung cakes with ghee purify environment. As discussed in the beginning, everything that we burn in fire mixes in the atmosphere as nano particles. Ghee is considered to be the purest substance in Vedic science. Read the full article

#atharva_veda #cleanliness #covid #fire #rigveda #sanitization #science #vedas #yagya

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raendown · 5 years ago

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Pairing: MadaraTobirama Word count: 5014 Chapter: 7/9 Rated: T+ Summary: When his brother disappears coming home from town Madara goes looking for him only for both to end up taken prisoner in a castle hidden by magic generations ago. The candelabras talk, the furniture sleeps, and a great white beast hides himself away in the eastern wing. As he uncovers the story behind this place and gets to know the last small group of ‘survivors’ Madara gradually makes a new home here in the least likely of places.

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Chapter 7

Gently swirling the contents of the flask in his hands, Madara watched the translucent liquid rotate in small waves for a few moments before lowering it to resume rolling the glass between both palms as he had been for the past several minutes. In general he’d never been the type for nervous fidgeting but Hashirama's suggestion had confused him and awoken a strange nervous energy of sorts.

“This medicine is for Izuna,” he said slowly.

“Yes,” Hashirama agreed, “but I believe it is important that you take some as well.”

“Why would I drink someone else’s medicine?” It seemed a waste, especially after the happy discovery that it did not disappear at the midnight reset.

Hopping closer along the kitchen counter, Hashirama lifted both hands to still his movements, the wicks in his candles thankfully unlit. “It may do you some good as well. My brother assisted me in reading several of the journals we did not look through before and one of them mentioned that those who spend time near a person infected with your brother’s illness may contract it themselves.”

“But I’m not sick! I’m not coughing or anything! Wouldn’t I have shown some kind of symptoms by this point?”

“Ah, there lies the rub. According to one physician’s notes the illness may lie dormant for months or even years without any signs until something awakens the symptoms. I believe it was referred to as latent tuberculosis – and I also believe that you may have been infected.” Hashirama's candles gripped him tightly as one might clutch at someone’s fingers. “Please, my friend, allot yourself a portion of this medicine. It would not do to cure your brother at last only to fall ill yourself instead!”

Madara lowered his gaze to stare at the flask again, turning that information over in his mind. He’d heard of that before. One of the farmers he used to serve at the inn had stopped coming in to the village square when people finally put two and two together to realize that any pregnant woman who came in contact with him tended to lose the child. They called him a ‘carrier’, although what he was carrying Madara had never bothered to figure out. He himself would never have a wife, what with his attraction to men, so he hadn’t cared much to learn about the exact dangers.

After promising Hashirama he would think about it Madara disentangled himself from their odd embrace and hurried away. The flask slipped neatly in to his pocket for later while he strode through the halls towards the front door. His limbs began to shiver the moment he stepped outside but it was easy enough to put up with a bit of shivering when he knew he would be sweating through his coat very shortly.

True to an earlier promise, Tobirama had thrown himself in to the task of training Madara in the use of a gunbai with surprising enthusiasm. Six out of seven days they met, ran through a specific set of warm up stretches to loosen their muscles, then sparred until the massive weapon began to slip from Madara's grasp. Apparently he could only be considered a master of the art when he could endure any amount of abuse without ever allowed the gunbai to leave his grip. Considering how tired he usually was at the end of their daily exercise Madara had quickly built an appreciation for the strength of warriors in Tobirama’s time. They must have taken battle quite seriously.

Struggle as he might, in the end Madara was forced to admit defeat when he could not convince his arms to lift the weapon he had fallen in love with even one more time. The entire bottom half of his body was soaked through from stumbling around in the snow but his shirts were damp only with the sweat from his own body as he jammed the gunbai in to the ground and leaned heavily on it in an attempt to catch his breath.

“Your abilities are growing at an admirable rate,” Tobirama mentioned, already politely cleaning the blade he preferred to use for their training sessions.

“Right,” Madara snorted. “My ability to get clobbered in to the ground.”

His friend granted him a fond smile. “Would it make you feel better to know that I would be much less of an opponent were I blessed with my natural size once more?”

“You’re just saying that to make me feel better.”

“Truly I am not. I was trained as all my brothers were but I had other pursuits which caught my interest and swordplay was not one of them. What makes me formidable now is the sheer size of this cursed body.” With a wry twist of his mouth Tobirama gestured down the front of him with one massive arm and Madara paused to consider that.

“I guess if you didn’t have arms the size of my calves you wouldn’t pack so much of a punch, yeah. You’d probably still grind me in to the dirt.”

Coming forward to help him stand and leading them both towards the armory, Tobirama hummed. “Would that I could pit you against Hashirama instead. You may not see it but I do: your stamina has already improved by leaps and bounds, your movements are stronger. Already you may have surpassed my abilities.” Oddly enough he even looked proud to say so rather than the clenched jaw of forcing out an unwanted admission as Madara would have expected from anyone else he’d ever known.

He kept his silence as they made their way inside the armory to finish cleaning their weapons and put them away. Proper storage and care of one’s things was something Tobirama was rather vehement about, though Madara happened to feel the same so it wasn’t exactly a lesson hard learned. As much as he usually enjoyed the few moments when it was not considered weird to lavish tender affection on an inanimate object, though, his thoughts drifted to other concerns as he went through the motions today entirely on autopilot. Neither of them spoke until the gunbai and sword were both hung back in their proper places and Tobirama was already turning for the door when Madara's voice called him back.

“Sometimes,” he began slowly, “you have a good day and the way you talk is almost hopeful. But then other days you talk like you expect to live forever stuck in time the way you are.” Unsurprisingly Tobirama’s expression immediately turned somber.

“It is not being outside of time’s flow that bothers me but–”

“Yeah, I know, the body. But the body isn’t yours. You just acknowledged that yourself.”

“Perhaps. But it is the form I deserve.” One of Tobirama’s hands slid down to press against where the fur covering his legs rose up over his hips as well.

Madara turned a little more towards him and very carefully did not fold his arms in an effort to avoid confrontational body language. “No it isn’t. No matter what mistakes you think you’ve made – and we all know you made none – that doesn’t make you a beast or an animal or anything. If anything that probably makes you more human than ever.”

“How, precisely?” Tobirama asked incredulously.

“It’s in the nature of humans to make mistakes.” Madara shrugged. “It’s what we do. We’re imperfect and we try our best but it’s just…it’s human to fail.”

He wasn’t really surprised to see Tobirama look away from him uncomfortably. If he ever did get all of these idiots back in to their human selves the first thing he was going to do was smack Hashirama upside the head for never saying half the things this man so clearly needed to hear. None of these thoughts should have been allowed to take hold of him. If Madara had been around back then he would have been kicking in doors to give Tobirama a piece of his mind, telling him all the things he needed to hear no matter how badly he didn’t want to hear them.

A blind man could tell that his words had already made the other uncomfortable but Madara was merciless. Better late than never.

“I won’t bother dragging the whole argument out of the closet, you already know my opinions on what happened and your lack of blame for it all, but I just…do you really see yourself as not human anymore just for that? Even after all this time?”

“Would any human do to another what I did?” Tobirama asked quietly.

“Yes! Lots of them! Literally any one of us would kill one person to save the lives of a hundred others, especially if that one person was already dying and happy to have their suffering end.” And oh how those poor people had probably been grateful to have their suffering end.

Tobirama looked away. “It was not one person but hundreds,” he insisted. “That is different.”

“No, it really isn’t.”

Madara almost reveled in the frustration he could see behind his friend’s eyes. That was good. Frustration was another human emotion and the harder Tobirama fought to prove his point the more opportunities Madara would have to show him how he was wrong. And he had always loved proving people wrong.

“You were born a human,” he went on mercilessly. “You learned as a human, you grew as a human, and from that ripped up portrait I caught a glance of you looked pretty damn human to me. But if you’re so damn determined to be a monster then answer me one question. How does that make you any different?”

“I…I do not follow…”

“Does the form of a monster determine its insides? Can you tell from looking at a man whether he teaches children or murders them in their beds? No. So just because what you might call a monster has some kind of twisted body or ugly outsides that doesn’t mean the insides are ugly too. You don’t know! Maybe the monster under your bed just really needs a hug or something!”

Barely remembering he was trying to keep his body language open, Madara propped both fists on his hips and nodded in approval of his own points, silently enjoying the flabbergasted way Tobirama was staring at him. It wasn’t often he got to flap the unflappable king of cool. Or so he sometimes referred to Tobirama in his head. Whether it was the era he’d been brought up in or just his natural composure the other had a tendency to remain calm and utterly in control of himself at all times – or until Madara said something that hit one of his weak points.

It felt like a good sign that it took a couple of minutes for Tobirama to compose himself enough to speak again. Clearly if he wasn’t speaking he was thinking because this was a man whose brain simply never shut off but as long as he was giving consideration to the right thoughts Madara decided he didn’t mind the wait.

“You are…unlike any other I have ever met,” was the final conclusion.

“Eh? I guess you haven’t met a lot of decent people in your life.” Madara paused thoughtfully. “Or maybe you just haven’t met enough assholes, Izuna tells me I’m an asshole all the time.”

A look of fondness flashed across Tobirama’s face. “Your insistence upon seeing me as more than I am is both flattering and delusional yet I cannot seem to bring myself to request that you stop. It is more than I feel I deserve and…I appreciate it.”

“Oh yeah well your definition of what you deserve is wildly skewed.”

“Perhaps because I prefer to dwell on more pleasant things. Such as yourself.” Tobirama smiled in an oddly hesitant way but Madara only smiled back without questioning it, snorting a little with amusement.

“It’s been a long time since anyone called me pleasant,” he admitted.

“A travesty. You should be appreciated more often.”

Eyeing his companion a little sideways, Madara hummed. “If you are trying to sweet-talk me in to a change of topic it won’t work. I’m still determined to show you how very humanly stupid you are being. Although I’ve got to admit that a little flattery never hurts anything, you could stand to say a few more nice things to me.”

“My good friend, I could spend the rest of this day listing your better qualities without ever repeating myself.”

“Damn.” Removing one hand from his hip to scratch at the back of his head, Madara laughed. “You must plan to talk really, really slow then. I don’t have all that many good qualities.” It was all he could do not to leap in to the air and pump both fists with joy. Tobirama had called him a good friend. Considering him a good friend meant the other was forming new attachments and doing that meant that he was not so disconnected from his humanity as he thought. Madara couldn’t wait for the appropriate moment to turn around and shove that big step forward in the other’s face.

Underneath the calm mask of Tobirama’s twisted features Madara thought he saw a moment frustration but it was gone in the next instant so he dismissed it. He did have to admit that his responses probably sounded a little flippant and Izuna had always told him how annoying it was when he gave off an impression of not being invested in the conversation. If that was it he did feel a little bad. He was very invested. Other than Izuna’s health there was nothing more important in his life these days than helping Tobirama learn to see himself as human once again and not just because doing so would return to him his own freedom.

No, he wanted Tobirama to remember his own humanity because they were indeed friends now and he wanted his friend to remember, above all else, the feeling of happiness. His own brand of freedom. What could ever be more important than that?

“Well,” he broke the silence, ready to let the subject drop for now. “If you want to say more nice things to me then maybe we should go inside where it’s warm so I can feel my toes again.”

“Ah, my apologies. I sometimes forget about…”

“Feet?”

“Yes,” Tobirama agreed with shame coloring his tone. That simply wouldn’t do.

Madara headed for the door and tossed over his shoulder with a smile, “I think that’s one of the things where you got the better end of this deal. Do you know how much I would love to just never stub my toe again or never worry about cold feet when I go to bed?”

“How is it that you always manage to put a positive spin on everything?” Tobirama asked as they stepped out in to the snow. “You have more talent for it than even Hashirama.”

“Don’t tell him that, he’ll take it as a challenge.”

Another triumph in his favor, Tobirama cracked a smile. “If you wish to avoid his enthusiasm then perhaps you would consent to spending more time in my company. My days are always brightened by your presence. It would please me greatly to know more of you.”

“Not a bad idea,” Madara admitted.

“You approve?”

“Definitely. I mean, we already agreed that we should get to know each other and now we have; now we’re friends. It makes sense for us to spend time together.” Madara sent his companion a conspiratorial grin. “And if it gives me an excuse not to listen to Hashirama compose poetry for his wife then all the better.”

Once again a flash of frustration appeared on Tobirama’s face that he didn’t understand but Madara let this one go unmentioned as well. Questioning Tobirama’s unexplained miniature temper tantrums was probably just as dangerous as asking Hashirama why he was in such a good mood on any given day. Although he was willing to bet that Tobirama would not respond by launching himself in to lengthy poetic speeches that he would then have to tune out, for which Madara was grateful. Just imagining it was terrifying.

Trudging back through the snow was terrible when Madara's legs felt as though they might turn to jelly at any moment but it was made less terrible by Tobirama kindly walking ahead of him and widening the path they had made to come out here earlier. For all the conveniences of having the world reset every day this was one inconvenience he could have done without; it would have been nice to shovel himself a nice path to use but what was the point if it would only disappear? Wasted effort. And Madara wasn’t about to tire himself out for nothing when he already got all the exercise he needed during their sparring sessions.

After detouring towards the stables for Madara to be sure his old mare had enough hay and water they made it inside the castle and paused for him to peel off all the extra layers now soaked through with sweat and snow. Learning how to wield a gunbai involved an unsurprising amount of getting knocked on the ground. Hashirama found them as Madara was contemplating taking his shirt off as well and walking through the halls bare chested until he could go bathe.

Strangely, Hashirama did not have a cheerful greeting for them. Or any greeting at all.

“Have either of you encountered Mito recently?” he asked the moment he saw them. Both shook their heads and Tobirama reminded him that they had been outside for the last couple of hours as they usually were this time of day. “If you see her would you be so kind as to let her know I am looking for her?”

“Of course, brother,” Tobirama replied.

With that Hashirama was gone again, hopping off down the hallways at speeds that threatened to send him tripping over his own metal base. Madara tilted his head to one side.

“That’s weird.”

“I agree. He is not normally quite so abrupt.”

“Oh, yeah, that too. I just meant it’s weird because I don’t think I’ve ever seen Mito outside of the kitchens unless she’s with Hashirama.”

Tobirama looked down at him with brows furrowed in thought. “She was no great lady before she married my brother. I believe the kitchens give her comfort because she was raised there, a simple cook until she caught the crown prince’s eye.”

“Damn. I didn’t know that.”

“She would likely not wish for you to know.” His friend glanced at him sideways with a conspiratorial smile and Madara laughed. Without being told he never would have guessed that Mito had been raised as anything other than a proper lady in the royal courts. She certainly had acclimated well to such a massive promotion if her usual cool demeanor was anything to go by.

The anomaly was an easy one to put out of their minds, the two of them resuming the paths they had intended to take now that their training was done for the day. Tobirama walked with him until they reached the hallways that led towards the royal apartments. As they spent more and more time together Madara was slowly learning more and more things they agreed upon and one of those things was the necessity of bathing after such strenuous activity. Not many things struck him as more disgusting than the idea of going about the rest of his day reeking of sour armpits. He’d gotten enough of that stench from the patrons who frequented the tavern perhaps a little too frequently and he had less than zero desire to be like those animals in any sort of way.

Izuna sat comfortably ensconced in the window seat when Madara entered the room, nose buried in a book and sock-covered feet tucked under his thighs where they were curled with anticipation. He always had loved a good adventure story. For a moment Madara couldn’t help but stop and stare, admiring the flush of color where there had once been tired and waxy skin, the shine coming back to long dark hair. His brother looked healthier now than he had in years and he continued to improve with every day that passed. It was amazing what access to actual medicine would do after years of being sold a shitty half-potent brew to keep him coming back as a repeat customer. If Madara ever saw that witch doctor again the idiot was going to come away from the encounter without all his vital body parts intact. That was a guarantee.

“Bath?” his brother asked distantly without looking up. It was incredibly annoying that he found it easy deciphering the twirling flowery script Madara could not, able to enjoy whatever book he wanted to from the library.

“Please tell me the water’s still hot,” he pleaded.

“Mn. Should be. I haven’t bothered to check.”

Madara grunted and stumped on through to the water closet. Even in the current times it was a rarity to find homes outside of the big towns that were built with indoor plumbing. The fact that this castle had such luxuries available was well worth the fact that to heat the water for his bath still required a small fire under the tub. It was better than hauling water in from the well as he’d had to do all his life. The tub was even make of copper with four clawed feet holding it up above the ground, much more comfortable than the squat wooden barrel Madara was used to crawling in to.

To his absolute delight the small fire he stoked up before going outside had gone out not too long before, leaving his water a delicious burning temperature he was able to enjoy by submerging a towel before his body so he wouldn’t have to sit directly on the heated copper bottom. Sinking down in to the water was bliss upon his tired muscles and Madara was glad no one but Izuna was close enough to hear the shameful drawn out moan that echoed around the room in appreciation. There really was nothing like a good hot soak after a hard day’s work. And considering that his life had been fairly soft compared to others he felt he was only just beginning to appreciate things like this now after signing on to turn his muscles in to jelly six out of seven days a week.

Although he couldn’t say that he minded. In an odd way the soreness of his muscles felt good, felt like tangible proof of the progress he was making both in his own skill and in convincing Tobirama to see himself as human. The more time they spent together the more his friend seemed to be opening up and revealing new facets of his true self. For him to ask that they spend even more time together must be a breakthrough. Madara grinned smugly, sinking down to hide his expression under the surface of the water, and mentally gave himself a nice pat on the back. Obviously he was such a good friend that Tobirama wanted them to get even closer!

His intention was to soak just long enough that he could lift his arms without feeling like he wanted to scream but by the time he pulled himself out the water had gone cold and the shadows in the room were stretching out much longer than they should have been. Apparently time had slipped him by as he relaxed.

No longer half as sore as he had been, Madara was almost tempted to hum pleasantly as he dried himself off and dressed again in the clothes he’d left in the bathroom earlier, checking first to make sure Izuna hadn’t caught any mice to leave in his clothing again. It was wonderful to see his brother regain some energy but he could have done without the resurgence of the pranks they used to pull on each other when they were young. Once he was successfully covering in mice-free clothing Madara wrestling a brush through his hair until he was able to separate three portions to braid together. The gilded mirror hanging over the sink told him that he’d done a decent enough job, nothing fancy but better than the raggedy drowned look he usually sported walking around with wet hair.

On his way back through the bedroom he double checked the position of the sun through their window and wrinkled his nose. He might be a little late for dinner. Mito hated it when he was late. Hopefully she didn’t overcook anything in retaliation as she so often threatened to do to Tobirama when the man got too lost in his head to remember food.

“Coming?” he called, pausing at the door. Izuna’s face lifted from the book he’d been reading with a glassy eyed look which said he also hadn’t realized the time.

“Five more minutes?”

“And get yelled at by the lady of the house? Not a chance. If you’re not coming now then I’ll bring you up a plate later.”

He watched Izuna wrestle with indecision before finally sighing and setting the book aside, unfolding his legs to stand then pausing to stretch. By the time he finally made it over to the door Madara was tapping one foot impatiently.

“On your own time,” he insisted with heavy tones of sarcasm. Izuna stuck out his tongue.

Together they wandered through the hallways towards the lower floors where Mito should be whipping up her latest delicacy, Izuna patiently listening to his big brother recounting an afternoon of training that probably sounded pretty identical to al his other stories about training. When he could get a word in edgewise he immediately derailed the conversation to talk about the rich fantasy world he’d been reading about and that was just as interesting so Madara decided against scolding him for being so rude. It was always a pleasure to see him so invested, so vibrant.

Instead of the usually cheery voice hailing them as soon as they walked in to the room, however, both of the Uchiha brothers were surprised to find the kitchens empty but for little Kagami dangling from an oven handle and struggling valiantly to open the massive door with his tiny wooden weight. Madara leapt across the room to rescue him, setting the toy soldier on the countertop instead with his heart racing in his chest.

“What on earth do you think you’re doing?” he demanded. “Do you know what the ovens could do to you? What if you caught fire!”

“I did not want for you to go hungry, I was only trying to cook dinner!” Kagami scuffed one foot in to the counter while Madara and Izuna traded looks of confusion.

“Mito cooks,” Izuna pointed out.

“Exactly. Which begs the question again, what do you think you’re doing?” Crossing his arms, Madara lifted one eyebrow in his best impression of a disappointed Tobirama. Nothing got this boy talking than the idea that he had somehow disappointed his idol.

Just as predicted, Kagami pouted. Then he defied expectations by perking up and shaking his head with some measure of authority. “Mito-hime is not here. Hashirama-sama went to find her; he sounded very worried that she was not preparing so I thought to cheer everyone up by doing so myself! Then Hashirama-sama would not have to worry and you would not have to go on with empty bellies!”

For a few moments the two of them stared down at the boy in search of any hints that he wasn’t telling the whole truth. It was a futile effort, though. Kagami was almost more honest than Hashirama and he had no reason to lie to them. Eventually Madara scooped him back up and carefully transferred his small body away from the work station, depositing him in Izuna’s outstretched hands with a smile tugging at the corners of his lips. He really was glad they had taken such a shine to each other.

“You forget that we’ve lived alone for years; I can cook for myself just fine. It might not be quite up to the standards Tobirama is used to eating but I’m sure he’ll manage to choke it down.”

“It is weird that Mito’s not here with dinner waiting though,” Izuna chipped in, already seating himself on a nearby stool.

Madara hummed with his head shoved inside the closest pantry door. “I agree, it’s not like her. Hashirama will find her though. She’s probably just off distracted with a book or something like you were before I dragged you down. Everything’s fine.”

He didn’t need to look to feel the weight of Izuna’s eyes on him, to read the silence for what it was. Kagami happily began to chatter about something inconsequential and they let him. That was, after all, the point of pretending that everything was normal. Neither of them wanted to upset the poor boy until they knew for sure that anything was amiss.

But his brother had hit the nail on the head. It was very strange for Mito not to be here in the kitchen with dinner ready, stranger still that she would pass up on an opportunity to scold them for deviating from the schedule she had set for their meals. Whether because of her modest upbringing or a need to prove herself worthy in her new station Mito was a woman who thrived on order, everything where it was supposed to be and always at the right time. It might have been possible that she really had simply fallen victim to distraction as he suggested and that she might come flying in to the kitchen with tight-lipped apologies to scold him for using the wrong frying pan.

Or – Madara's fingers tightened around the onion he held between his palms – it was possible that his gut was right and something was very wrong. They wouldn’t know until Hashirama found his wife.

#rae writes #madatobi #madara #tobirama #izuna #kagami #hashirama #fanfiction

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script-a-world · 5 years ago

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Hey I have a question about creating countries that are made up of islands, but not have seafood as a staple and vegetarianism is the norm among religious adherents and even among common people vegetarianism isn't unheard of. How can that make sense?

Tex: I don’t know how far back you want to look in order to find an island culture that doesn’t eat seafood or any other type of meat, but for the sake of context I’ll be throwing some darts around the map and see what island cultures typically eat.

I’ll start with Pacific Islanders and list a few of the cultures from the Pacific Ocean:

Polynesian region, composed of peoples such as the Samoans, Māori, Tahitians, Native Hawaiians, and Tongans

Micronesian region, composed of peoples such as the Carolinians, Chamorros, Chuukese, and Nauruans

Melanesian region, composed of peoples such as the Papuans, Moluccans, the Austronesian descendants in Vanuatu, and at a stretch the Torres Strait Islanders of Australia

These groups are roughly divided into two ethnolinguistic groups: the Austronesian peoples who speak Oceanic languages, and the Papuan peoples who speak the Papuan languages. For the most part, both groups are from Southeast Asia (the Papuan first wave was from the Malay Archipelago), and their linguistic origins reflect that.

It should be noted that none of these people ultimately originated from these island regions - they all came from part of a continent that was close to the Pacific Ocean. Ye olde ages ago did their ancestors decide to strike out and immigrate to new areas, and their diet adapted accordingly. Religions that ban the eating of things like shellfish and animals are a comparatively recent phenomenon, because it meant abstaining from an easily-accessible food source.

I’m going to momentarily branch off and list some island cultures of the Atlantic Ocean so my examples are a little more balanced:

Northern: Faroe Islands (Danish, sort of), Iceland, Baffin Island (Canada)

Eastern: Azores (Portugal), Canary Islands (Spain), Madeira (Portugal), São Tomé and Príncipe (Gulf of Guinea)

Western: Barbados of the Lesser Antilles, Prince Edward Island (Canada, a traditional island of the Miꞌkmaq), and Cuba (native lands of the Guanahatabey, Taíno, and Ciboney)

Antarctic region: Tierra del Fuego (Chile, native land to the Yaghan),

Many of these islands were close to nearby continents, and often traded with each other for resources, so there is cultural precedent of eating things other than marine life. A couple examples would be the Taíno, and the Kalinago peoples, both of whom originate from South America. The Yaghan “traveled by canoes between islands to collect food: the men hunted sea lions, while the women dove to collect shellfish”, so still ate some form of meat.

For a couple of Atlantic island examples that did not have indigenous people: the sailors who visited Ascension Island hunted the local birds and turtles for food, and those whole lived on Saint Helena imported livestock, fruit trees, and vegetables for the purpose of colonization.

Many, if not all, of these Atlantic islanders also ate meat of some sort, be it livestock from a continent, birds, fish, or shellfish. Historically speaking, meat of any sort was a cheaply-obtained food in terms of net caloric gain compared to net calories spent obtaining said food.

While the over-consumption of anything is bad, and red meats in particular are often touted as lending an increased risk for cardiovascular diseases - which a 2016 meta-analysis noted frequently occurred with a lifestyle risk factor (Citation 1) - red meat in moderation is fairly healthy (Citation 2, Citation 3). There is evidence that diet affects the activation of different alleles (phys.org), which is indicative of a population’s change toward agriculture (Citation 4), though in particular an overconsumption of carbohydrates can result in metabolic inflammation and obesity (ScienceDaily).

Humans are omnivorous by default, and require 20 amino acids in order to be healthy. The nine that the human body cannot produce must be consumed from an outside source - MedicalNewsToday does an excellent job of breaking this down and informing readers of viable sources of each of these essential amino acids. Unfortunately for those who might have abstained from meat before the invention of supplements, the healthiest diet for them was made with the addition of dairy products (Citation 5, eggs (The Incredible Egg, Citation 6), and fish (Seafood Health Facts 1, Seafood Health Facts 2, Citation 7)

As I don’t know the level of technology your countries, I cannot make the assumption that non-meat amino acids can be created and distributed to your populace in a relatively inexpensive manner. The nutrient density of meat vs non-meat foods is debatable (Citation 8), so I would hesitate to forgo meat entirely in a culture without some reason as to why an otherwise viable source of nutrition cannot be used.

Human nutrition is plainly a complex topic with many sub-specialities, and would take any one of us a very long time to adequately explain even a portion of it, especially in conjunction with anthropological factors such as geographic origin and developed cultural norms. I’ve added some more things to peruse in the Further Reading section below, but please be aware that all of this only starts to scratch the surface of what you’ve asked. If you would like to return with more precise questions, we’d be more than happy to try answering them.

Citations

PDF - Song M, Fung TT, Hu FB, et al. Association of Animal and Plant Protein Intake With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality. JAMA Intern Med. 2016;176(10):1453–1463. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2016.4182

PDF - McAfee, Alison J., et al. "Red meat consumption: An overview of the risks and benefits." Meat science 84.1 (2010): 1-13.

PDF - Wyness, Laura. "The role of red meat in the diet: nutrition and health benefits." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 75.3 (2016): 227-232.

PDF - Ye, Kaixiong, et al. "Dietary adaptation of FADS genes in Europe varied across time and geography." Nature ecology & evolution 1.7 (2017): 0167.

PDF - Rafiq, Saima et al. “Chemical Composition, Nitrogen Fractions and Amino Acids Profile of Milk from Different Animal Species.” Asian-Australasian journal of animal sciences vol. 29,7 (2015): 1022-8. doi:10.5713/ajas.15.0452

PDF - Hoffman, Jay R., and Michael J. Falvo. "Protein–which is best?." Journal of sports science & medicine 3.3 (2004): 118.

PDF - Ralston, Nicholas VC. "Selenium health benefit values as seafood safety criteria." EcoHealth 5.4 (2008): 442-455.

PDF - Bohrer, Benjamin M. "Nutrient density and nutritional value of meat products and non-meat foods high in protein." Trends in food science & technology 65 (2017): 103-112.