yesthenewpaper-blog

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Before the development of halftone images, newspaper illustrations would have almost certainly been made by wood engravings. These were handmade prints engraved on the end grain of wood. In the 1850s and 1860s, it became common for these to be based on photographs. 

- Xinbei

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The earliest newspapers had no photographs, but instead used etchings.  In the late 19th century, photographic etching began, and they were used in newspapers. The basic process is to use a photo-sensitized resist on a copper plate and then etch that plate with acid (iron perchlorate). Where the resist stays, the copper remains raised and where there is no resist, the copper is eaten away so that you have physical peaks and valleys in which the ink can reside. As newspapers became more mechanized, the copper plate was bent around a cylinder and the process was called rotogravure. The types of plates used changed over time.

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The introduction of Alfred R. Waud

- Xinbei Ren

Alfred R. Waud- The World Came To Understand The Civil War Through The Eyes Of Battlefield Artists

Photographer Timothy H. O'Sullivan took this photo, one half of a stereo view of Alfred R. Waud, artist of Harper’s Weekly, while he sketched on the battlefield near Gettysburg, Pennsylvania in July of 1863.

Alfred Waud was recognized as the best of the Civil War sketch artists who drew the war for the nation’s pictorial press. Waud could render a scene quickly and accurately, with an artist’s eye for composition and a reporter’s instinct for human interest.

At a time when the shutterspeed of cameras was not fast enough to capture action, the public’s only glimpse of battle came from the sketch artists. Waud’s apparent courage under fire and passion for the men he depicted drew him dangerously close to the fighting, and his drawings portray more intimately than those by any other artist the drama and horror of this country’s most devastating conflict.

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- Xinbei

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Pictorial Journalism

Alfred Waud.  Wounded Escaping from the Burning Woods in the Wilderness, May 6, 1864. Pencil and Chinese white on brown paper. Reproduction #: LC-USZC4-1308 (color transparency); LC-USZ62-7043 (b&w film copy neg.)

If not the bloodiest battle of the Civil War, the Battle of the Wilderness may have been the most terrifying. It was fought in early May, 1864, in the dense, dry pine forests south of the Rapidan River and west of Fredericksburg, Virginia. In his sketch Waud captured the panic overwhelming disabled soldiers on the ground and the ambulance corps charged with their care, as brushfires, ignited by gun and cannonfire, burned out of control. Waud was one of the most prolific and talented of the artists assigned to the field by the editors of Harper's Weekly magazine. More than eleven hundred sketches by Waud are among the Library's collection of Civil War drawings, prints, and photographs that make up the nation's most comprehensive visual record of that war. (Gift of J. Pierpont Morgan)

William Glackens.  A Street Scene at Tampa City . Gouache and ink over graphite on wove paper, 1898. Reproduction #: LC-USZC4-3896 (color transparency); LC-USZ62-112879 (b&w film copy neg.)

The Spanish-American War, though brief, was a fruitful source of enduring legends in American military history, from the explosion of the battleship Maine in Havana harbor to Theodore Roosevelt's famous charge at San Juan Hill. In this drawing by the young painter William Glackens, American troops parade through Tampa City en route to transport ships waiting to take them to Cuba. Dispatched to the front by Colliers' magazine to cover the war, Glackens was one of a number of artists of New York's Ash-Can school who made a living early in their careers as artist reporters. The drawings produced on this assignment were donated to the Library by the artist's son. (Gift of Ira Glackens)

Photographer unknown (National Photo Company).  President Calvin Coolidge Facing Press Photographers, 1924. Recent gelatin silver print from original glass negative. Reproduction #: LC-F8-12345 (b&w glass neg.)

Calvin Coolidge entered the White House at the dawn of the "communications age." The early twentieth century saw the rise of photographic agencies like the Bain News Service, the National Photo Company, and others, formed in the early years of this century to satisfy the increasing demand for magazine and newspaper pictures. Acutely aware of the potential usefulness of the press to his administration's goals, Coolidge became one of the most photographed presidents of the era. Archives of both the Bain and National Photo firms, which combined total nearly 250,000 negatives and prints, are among the Library's extensive photojournalistic holdings. (National Photo Company Collection

- Xinbei Ren

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The first photograph published on newspaper

The first photograph published in an American newspaper-- actually a photomechanical reproduction of a photograph--appeared in the Daily Graphic on March 4, 1880. Before that time it was common practice for American editors to enlist artists to sketch and report on news events, from steamboat explosions to the battles of the Civil War. It was not until 1919, with the launching of New York's Illustrated Daily News, that American newspapers began to feature photographs routinely. The lighter cameras and "faster" lenses introduced in the 1920s brought about a revolution in news photography, ushering in the age of photojournalism.

The Library preserves several premiere archives of pictorial journalism, including several thousand drawings by Civil War artist-correspondents, the studio archives of several early news photographic agencies such as the Bain News Service and the National Photo Company, and the morgues of such publications as Look magazine, the New York World Telegram and Sun, and U.S.News and World Report. These collections offer historians vivid documentation of the newsworthy events of yesterday, as well as providing insights into journalistic practice and biases.

- Xinbei

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This is a re-blog, in this case, it is interesting to see women appearing with weapons in here. This is a picture shot back then in the 19s, which was trying to represent the status differences between male and female and the feminist was trying to stand up and fight for their rights  

-jason

Chicago Tribune, September 16, 1900

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WWII

Back then, most of the content presented by newspaper was about WW2

-jason

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The Oxford Gazette

It was not easy for the British newspaper to get up with the other competitors since they started off with an update of twice per week and the others come up with 3 times per week.

The format of it was really original, and stereotyping.

Anyways, the newspaper used to focus on posting articles on it, then they started posting the advertisements on it too

-----Jason

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Back then when China was still a communist. The truth might not be the truth, The lie might not be a lie

Jason Chow

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This is the old newspaper print back then, and compared to nowadays technology of clear information and easy read words 

-jason 

England’s oldest newspaper

Though it doesn’t publish the conventional mix of stories that you might expect, it could be said that The London Gazette, originally The Oxford Gazette, is England’s oldest continuously published newspaper.

The first edition was published in Oxford on 7 November 1665, and was designed to be an official journal of record for government - but why was it originally published in Oxford and not London?

We can blame the Great Plague. King Charles II had relocated his court to Oxford to escape the disease, and his courtiers were so afraid of contagion that they wouldn’t even touch a paper that had been printed in the capital.

Printing moved to London from issue 24; this was again interrupted when the printing presses were destroyed by The Great Fire of London ahead of issue 85.

The copy of the first edition that we’ve pictured in this post is part of the archives at the Bodleian Library, just a short walk from where the paper would originally have been printed.

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The Penny Press

On September 1833, Benjamin Day started “The Sun”—a newspaper that was printed on small ‘letter-sized’ paper that sold for a penny.  The purpose was to allow news to be spread and read by everyone regardless of class.  It sold 15,000 copies a day and focused on stories that were appealing about human-interest or crime reports.

When the invention of the telegraph came into play, newspaper companies turned to these telegraphic companies to get more up to date information and news from all around the world.  

Lynn Cheung 

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Telegrams! Up to date news broadcasted through the partnership with Telegraph companies 

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The Rise of the Newspaper

Ancient Rome carved announcements in large stone tablets for the public to read.  The start of the newspaper went through many changes and forms until it became how it is today.  

The greatest milestone to note was when the use of the printing press started.  Before the printing press, newspaper had to be handwritten meaning that only a few copies were available to those who were able to afford it.  Families that came from wealth were the small handful of people who were able to read the news and because of that the news was not available to the general public.

Johannes Gutenberg’s invention of a more portable press allowed for newspaper to be readily available to more people around the world because since more copies were being published, the cost to get ahold of one became more affordable to people.  

The rise of technology put a toll on the newspaper market because while the cost rose for publishing the paper, the public did not need to use the newspaper as a source of information needed too get news because there were other outlets available.  The Internet became a major media outlet that replaced using a physical copy to get news that was free and also faster to receive the most current live news.

Newspaper companies have now included other forms of new media to meet the demands of the consumer. From podcasts, email lettering, notifications, social media, radio and television, a wide range of new media has converged from the basic newspaper.  

Lynn Cheung 

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Before the existence of newspaper, news pamphlets called corantos, were created containing only the important events that was worth noting

Lynn Cheung

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Newspaper Historical Content

Newspaper content depended heavily on government announcements and news from around the world. Because it took a while to publish a newspaper, the news was often out dated and does not contain the most current news, but even so, people were often excited to read it! 

Lynn Cheung 

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Old Media vs. New Media