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The chiller and its types

A #chiller is a device that uses a cooling fluid to remove heat from a liquid (usually water) based on different refrigeration cycles, including compression chillers or absorption chillers. Cool liquid is produced in the evaporator, and this liquid, which can be used for air cooling or devices in various applications such as industrial machines, usually flows in a cycle and inside a heat exchanger. In some cases, in order to save energy consumption, the heat that is rejected from the absorption liquid can be used for heating purposes.

The features and actually the benefits of the chiller can be summarized as follows:

High capacity

Carrying a cold or heat generator

Chiller ducting and piping with different materials and compatible with needs

The possibility of controlling each channel separately, even though the chiller is a mother system that accommodates all channels.

Low noise production

Low energy consumption

Types of chillers

Compression chiller (chiller and mini chiller)

Absorption chiller

Centrifugal chillers

Another way of dividing chillers is based on the way the refrigerant is cooled:

water-cooled chiller

air-cooled chiller

Evaporative chiller

To check and compare the types of chillers, the overall performance coefficient (Overall COP) or (Coefficient of Performance) is used, which is the main measure of the amount of energy consumed in different refrigeration systems, either compression or absorption. The higher the overall performance factor of the device, the lower the energy consumption of that device.

COP is the ratio of the amount of cooling created to the amount of energy given to the device, which, unlike the efficiency, can be greater than one. In calculating the COP of absorption and compression chillers, the fraction tank in absorption chillers is thermal energy and in compression chillers, it is electrical energy.

Compression chillers

The compression chiller operates on the basis of the refrigeration cycle, which includes a compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator, to put it simply, the compression chiller cycle consists of compression, condensation, suffocation and evaporation units, and by using refrigerant liquid, the fluid It cools and transfers heat.

Components of compression chillers

Compression chiller consists of four parts: evaporator, compressor, condenser and expansion valve.

Refrigerant enters the evaporator in a saturated liquid state or close to saturated liquid at low pressure and temperature, and by taking heat from water (carrier fluid) or air, it turns into steam at the same low pressure. In order for the created vapor to return to the original liquid (a saturated liquid is a liquid that turns into vapor under a certain pressure), the absorbed heat must be separated from the refrigerant.

The environments that are in the vicinity of the device are atmospheric air (air condenser) or moist air created by the cooling tower.

Therefore, the heat absorbed by the refrigerant must be transferred to the mentioned environments. The basis of the impact or compression and absorption systems is to create conditions in which it is possible to transfer heat to the surrounding environment. In shock systems that complement the fluid pressure compressor, the temperature of the refrigerant increases at least 15-20 degrees Celsius above the dry temperature of the environment.

Absorption chillers

In the explanation of absorption chiller in simple language, we should know that the absorber or absorber plays the most basic role in this cycle. The main cycle of these chillers is that the refrigerant circulates between the expansion valve, evaporator, absorber, pump, generator and finally the condenser.

Refrigerant enters the evaporator and tries to raise the temperature, which is provided by city gas or other sources. When the liquid refrigerant turns into a gas, the pressure of the evaporator is very low, the pressure must remain low, but the gas has a high pressure, as a result, an absorber is needed to discharge the water vapor, which is absorbed by the absorber (absorber) and after With a combination of lithium bromide or salt that were removed from the evaporator, it reaches the generator with the help of pumps. The generator, which is a heat exchanger, heats the refrigerant and lithium bromide, and after evaporation, a part of the water that has turned into distilled water enters the expansion valve and enters the evaporator again.

Centrifugal chiller

Centrifugal chillers are one of the types of industrial chillers, which can be understood from the name of the compressor type. In these chillers, the compressor is a non-positive displacement type. Provided that the centrifugal chiller is used in the so-called full load mode and not in the low load mode, the efficiency of these chillers is very high, but due to the high price and the lack of sufficient experts in Iran, they are rarely used.

The difference in the structure of water-cooled and air-cooled building chillers

To explain the difference between water-cooled or air-cooled chillers in simple terms, it can be pointed out that the heat taken from the water in the evaporator of the chiller (by the refrigerant) must be removed in such a way. In air-cooled chillers, the heat is removed through fans installed in the chiller, while in water-cooled chillers, a shell and tube type condenser is used to remove the heat of the refrigerant and it is transferred to the cooling tower using a pump. until the temperature drops and returns to the condensation cycle. It should be noted that the water path of the condenser is separate from the water of the evaporator and each one flows in a separate path. Another advantage of the air-cooled chiller compared to the air-cooled one is that the water-cooled chiller is connected to the tower. It needs cooling, but water-cooled chillers don't need it.

Evaporative chillers are chillers that work directly or indirectly with a simple cycle similar to a evaporative cooler.

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How to buy an appropriate steam boiler?

As you know, the food industry, petrochemical and chemical industries and concrete plants, greenhouses and mushroom growing halls need energy, heat and heating to upgrade, which is impossible to do with natural methods; Thus, boilers are produced and marketed in different types and capacities. The steam boiler has the ability to produce steam with multiple pressures, and the higher the pressure, the higher its efficiency and performance.

Steam boiler operation method

The boiler generally works in such a way that water is stored in the boiler tank and then heated by natural gas, propane, diesel, coal or an electric element, and when the water is turned into steam, it is placed in an empty dome-shaped tank. Is collected. The steam is continuously collected in the dome and the pressure level at high and high altitudes, and when it reaches the desired level, the steam is released through the valve to move through the pipes and around the house. The steam moves through a series of radiators while the burner is on until enough energy is consumed, then after turning off the burner, it turns into water again and returns to the boiler.

In general, the production of steam boilers is done on two types of water tube boilers and fire tube boilers.

In fire tube boilers, there are a number of pipes through which hot gas passes. On the other hand, water surrounds these pipes. In other words, a fire tube boiler has a closed chamber in which there are hot pipes. These fire pipes, or hot gas pipes, heat water and turn it into steam, and the steam remains in the same chamber.

In water tube boilers, hot gas surrounds the pipes and the water inside the pipes is heated. Due to the use of more water pipes, it has a large heat level. Another is that due to the heat flow, water moves faster than fire tube boilers, so the rate of heat transfer is higher and as a result has a higher efficiency. In water tube boilers, very high pressure up to 2140 kg / cm can be achieved gradually.

Where you can fine Standard boilers

Sales of steam boilers of Damatajhiz company, which uses the best equipment and raw materials and the technology used in it is one of the best technology in the world, so this product is in the first place in terms of quality and appearance and has many sales and the opinion of the audience. Has attracted worldwide.

Damatajhiz team start by calculating the proper dimensions and size of the boiler. Calculate heat waste for a complete application and do not simply estimate the size of the boiler. The size and dimensions of the boiler are determined according to the square foot and the amount of steam volume and quality of steam is exactly related to the dimensions and size of the industrial boiler; The number of steam car wash outputs also depends on the capacity of the boiler. To do this, you need to measure the capacity and volume of the exhaust vapor. To learn more and estimate the required steam capacity, download and read the Steam Carwash Shopping Manual.

Another important point in the price of different types of boilers is the provision of accessories and after-sales service, which can be very practical and change the level of customer satisfaction; Ancillary equipment such as mufflers, sediment traps, boilers and valves for boilers and thousands of other peripherals that are considered important by the manufacturer of industrial boilers.

Boiler maintenance

Steam systems have a series of traps in each radiator that are used to help reduce excessive pressure. These traps have a useful life of 6 years or their efficiency decreases, so they must be carefully maintained until they can function properly and there is no error in their output. Steam trap care helps keep the steam system strong and efficient, but it is very tedious. You should periodically check the operation of boilers and raise the water level and make sure that the main pressure relief valve is in the direction of operation of the boiler. If you are not sure what steam system you are dealing with and what model your industrial boiler is, it is important to find a qualified technician. Regular and annual maintenance Boiler maintenance services assure you that your boiler system is working properly and can provide reliable and efficient heating again in time.