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History of Braids
It is no secret that braids have been around for Centuries. Some historians have traced the origins back as far as 5000 years in African culture to 3500 B.C. âThe discovery of ancient stone paintings depicting women with cornrows in North Africa shows that braids date back thousands of yearsâ (Dirshe). The exact origins are unknown, but many have attributed the origins to the Himba people of Namibia. According to Zinga Fraser, an assistant professor at Brooklyn College in New York, âAfrican women have a rich history in terms of the ways they adorn their hairâ. For a long time, before the emergence of the transatlantic slave trade in the fifteenth century, African women would go to great lengths to present their hair beautifully. These women used accessories and turned their braids into an art form. It is a common misnomer that the origins of braids can be traced back to France. It is likely that this misconception was due to the French presence in North Africa in the early to mid-1800s. Braids were introduced to North America via enslaved African Women. Fraser says, âit is impossible to understand the history of braids, and Black American hair culture in general, without looking at the impact of slavery on African Womenâ. She goes on to explain that in some cases when captured, traffickers would shave their heads in a brutal attempt to strip them of their humanity. It is possible that these traffickers recognized the value of the art that these women had created for themselves. When these women were enslaved, their braids served an alternate purpose. âThey became a secret messaging system for slaves to communicate with one another underneath their mastersâ nosesâ (Dirshe). This was shocking to me. The intricacy of communication simply to have a chance at freedom is astonishing. It was not until the Black Power Movement took shape in the 1960s that the African roots of braids began to be honored. Today, braids are seen in many places in popular culture and artists such as Alicia Keys, Janet Jackson, and Solange Knowles have all been lauded for their pride in their braids.
https://www.byrdie.com/history-of-braids
DIRSHE, SIRAAD. âRespect Our Roots.â Essence, vol. 49, no. 2, June 2018, pp. 42â47. EBSCOhost, search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&AuthType=shib&db=asn&AN=129735821&site=ehost-live&scope=site.
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Dr. Zinga Fraser Discusses Shirley Chisholm 1972 Candidacy with Throughline NPR
Dr. Zinga Fraser Discusses Shirley Chisholm 1972 Candidacy with Throughline NPR
On February 6th, Chisholm Project Director Zinga Fraser was featured in a âShe Got Nextâ, an episode of NPRâs Throughline podcast dedicated to three pioneering Congresswomen who ran for presidentâMargaret Chase Smith, Shirley Chisholm and Pat Shroeder.
[Pictured above: Drs. Fraser (left) and Carter (center) at the Black Womenâs Roundtable Discussion for Chisholm Day 2018 at Brooklyn College]
InâŚ
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Happy Friday!
This weekend Northwestern University will be holding a two-day symposium ("Hinesight: A Symposium on the Work of Darlene Clark Hine") on African American womenâs history in honor of Professor Darlene Clark Hine as she retires from Northwestern University.
The director of the Shirley Chisholm Project Dr. Zinga Fraser will be giving a talk this Saturday May 13th at 10:45 am "Hinesight: Transforming Black Women's History through Theory and Praxis"
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âShe was a Revolutionaryâ: Dr. Fraser; Congresswomen Lee & Bush Discuss Shirley Chisholm in a History Channel Documentary
âShe was a Revolutionaryâ: Dr. Fraser; Congresswomen Lee & Bush Discuss Shirley Chisholm in a History Channel Documentary
Dr. Zinga A. Fraser joins Rep. Barbara Lee (D-CA), Rep. Cori Bush (D-MO) in a short-form documentary on Shirley Chisholmâs presidential campaign produced this month by the History Channel. In that documentary, âShirley Chisholm: A Groundbreaking Legacyâ, Dr. Fraser characterizes Shirley Chisholm as a Black woman who âdared to be herself,â and a coalition-builder who sought to activate theâŚ

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Dr. Fraser & Rep Lee Discuss the Personal & Political Dimensions of Shirley Chisholm
Dr. Fraser & Rep Lee Discuss the Personal & Political Dimensions of Shirley Chisholm
Yesterday, on the eve of International Womenâs Day, Dr. Zinga A. Fraser and Representative Barbara Lee (D-CA) joined Higher Heights to celebrate Congresswoman Shirley Chisholm. While Chisholm is increasingly remembered for her now-legendary campaigns, Sundayâs panelists sought to take the story of her life further. Both panelists argued that the public narrative around the Congresswoman should beâŚ
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Dr. Fraser & Rep. Lee (D-CA) to Reflect on Shirley Chisholm's Legacy For International Women's Day
Dr. Fraser & Rep. Lee (D-CA) to Reflect on Shirley Chisholmâs Legacy For International Womenâs Day
On Sunday, Dr. Zinga Fraser and Representative Barbara Lee (D-CA) will engage in a dialogue on the life and legacy of Shirley Chisholm. Their discussion will be part of a special episode of âSunday Brunch With Higher Heightsâ to commemorate International Womenâs Day. Congresswoman Barbara Lee is a leading voice in the progressive wing of the House Democrats and former chair of the CongressionalâŚ
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The Chisholm Project congratulates our Director, Dr. Zinga A. Fraser for her nomination as the honoree of the 2021 Shirley Chisholm Conference. Dr. Fraser is being recognized for her work to expand the public consciousness around Rep. Shirley Chisholm and Black womenâs political leadershipâand for her numerous contributions to promote social justice, politics, education, and communityâŚ
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"I WOULD SAY SHE WAS A WINNER": Dr. Zinga Fraser Sets the Chisholm Record Straight on Swedish National RadioÂ
âI WOULD SAY SHE WAS A WINNERâ: Dr. Zinga Fraser Sets the Chisholm Record Straight on Swedish National RadioÂ
In a reflection of the international interest growing around Shirley Chisholmâs legacy, Dr. Zinga Fraser, Director of the Chisholm Project, spoke with Swedish National Radio last week. In the interview, Dr. Fraser pointedly dispelled some common misconceptions about the Congresswoman and her 1972 presidential campaign.
 First, Dr. Fraser said, Shirley Chisholm was far more than a first. She wasâŚ
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Dr. Fraser to Speak on Black Women's Politics at Centennial Celebration of the 19th Amendment
Dr. Fraser to Speak on Black Womenâs Politics at Centennial Celebration of the 19th Amendment
On August 18th 1920, the 19th Amendment of the Constitution was ratified. Tomorrow, Dr. Zinga A. Fraser, the Director of the Chisholm Project will be speaking at the 100th Anniversary Celebration of Womenâs Right to Vote.
Dr. Fraser will be speaking on the power of Black Womenâs Politics and the role of Black women in strengthening, preserving and innovating the democratic process.
The event willâŚ
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Dr. Zinga Fraser on CBS News: Shirley Chisholm Embodies What It Means To Be "A People's Candidate"
Dr. Zinga Fraser on CBS News: Shirley Chisholm Embodies What It Means To Be âA Peopleâs Candidateâ
DEPICTED ABOVE: Presidential Candidate Shirley Chisholm speaking to delegates, followers and public figures at the 1972 Democratic National Convention.
After Joe Biden selected Sen. Kamala Harris as his running mate on the Democratic ticket for the U.S. presidency, the political work of Shirley Chisholm re-emerged to the forefront of national conversation. Dr. Zinga Fraser, who has workedâŚ
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"How Do We Re-Imagine Liberation?"---Dr. Zinga Fraser Speaks on Freedom Day & Black Liberation
âHow Do We Re-Imagine Liberation?ââDr. Zinga Fraser Speaks on Freedom Day & Black Liberation
In a wide-ranging talk, Dr. Zinga Fraser discussed the significance of Juneteenth with the Bedford Stuyvesant Restoration Corporation during its virtual Juneteenth celebration. On Friday, she presented historical context for the holiday and described its practical significance to African-American communities who continue to fight for liberation, long after the collapse of chattel slavery as aâŚ
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ITS TIME FOR A "RECKONING" ON WHITE SUPREMACY says Dr. Zinga Fraser on TRT World News
ITS TIME FOR A âRECKONINGâ ON WHITE SUPREMACY says Dr. Zinga Fraser on TRT World News
On Tuesday, amidst the sixth consecutive day of global protests in the name of Breonna Taylor, George Floyd, Ahmaud Arbery, and other African-American victims of state violence, Dr. Zinga Fraser spoke with TRT World about the need for âsubstantial institutional and structural changeâ to address white supremacy in the United States.
[Above:Â demonstrators gather at the Barclays Center in Brooklyn
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Dr. Zinga Fraser Teaching Course on "Race, Gender & Inequality" at Brooklyn College
Dr. Zinga Fraser Teaching Course on âRace, Gender & Inequalityâ at Brooklyn College
This Fall, Dr. Zinga Fraser will be teaching her course âRace, Gender & Inequality.â Professor Fraser will be drawing on her expertise as a historian, former Congressional staffer, non-profit strategist and Director of the Shirley Chisholm Project to engage students on the present-day consequences of longstanding structural inequalities.
Emphasis will be placed on how the COVID-19 pandemicâŚ
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Dr. Fraser Discusses the Impact of COVID-19 on Communities of Color
Today, Sunday April 19 Chisholm Project Director Dr. Zinga Fraser will be speaking at #TheThread â a virtual conference by @TstmkrsAfrica bringing leaders from the continent and the Diaspora together to talk about how we win together.
Join Dr. Fraser at 11:10 A.M. for the Opening | Why Weâre Hereâ a fireside chat with Cherae Robinson where they explore âwhatâs becomeâ and âwhatâs to beâ amidstâŚ
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Dr. Fraser Featured in NY Times Article "
Dr. Fraser Featured in NY Times Article â
Dr. Zinga Fraser, Director of the Chisholm Project was featured in the article â2019 Belongs to Shirley Chisholmâ which was published this weekend in The New York Times Sunday Review:
âA number of scholars have been doing a lot of work to expand the discourse on Shirley Chisholm for about six years knowing that there would be the 50th anniversary of her election to Congress,â said Zinga A.âŚ
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